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Perneel M, Lagaisse R, Mortelmans J, Maere S, Hablützel PI. Seasonal metabolic dynamics of microeukaryotic plankton: a year-long metatranscriptomic study in a temperate sea. mBio 2024:e0038324. [PMID: 38980008 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00383-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Seasonal fluctuations profoundly affect marine microeukaryotic plankton composition and metabolism, but accurately tracking these changes has been a long-standing challenge. In this study, we present a year-long metatranscriptomic data set from the Southern Bight of the North Sea, shedding light on the seasonal dynamics in temperate plankton ecosystems. We observe distinct shifts in active plankton species and their metabolic processes in response to seasonal changes. We characterized the metabolic signatures of different seasonal phases in detail, thereby revealing the metabolic versatility of dinoflagellates, the heterotrophic dietary strategy of Phaeocystis during its late-stage blooms, and stark variations in summer and fall diatom abundance and metabolic activity across nearby sampling stations. Our data illuminate the varied contributions of microeukaryotic taxa to biomass production and nutrient cycling at different times of the year and allow delineation of their ecological niches. IMPORTANCE Ecosystem composition and metabolic functions of temperate marine microeukaryote plankton are strongly influenced by seasonal dynamics. Although monitoring of species composition of microeukaryotes has expanded recently, few methods also contain seasonally resolved information on ecosystem functioning. We generated a year-long spatially resolved metatranscriptomic data set to assess seasonal dynamics of microeukaryote species and their associated metabolic functions in the Southern Bight of the North Sea. Our study underscores the potential of metatranscriptomics as a powerful tool for advancing our understanding of marine ecosystem functionality and resilience in response to environmental changes, emphasizing its potential in continuous marine ecosystem monitoring to enhance our ecological understanding of the ocean's eukaryotic microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel Perneel
- Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ), Ostend, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Steven Maere
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pascal I Hablützel
- Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ), Ostend, Belgium
- Biology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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Liu C, Liu Z, Cui B, Yang H, Gao C, Chang M, Liu Y. Effects of returning peach branch waste to fields on soil carbon cycle mediated by soil microbial communities. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1406661. [PMID: 38957617 PMCID: PMC11217190 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1406661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the rise in greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture has worsened climate change. Efficiently utilizing agricultural waste can significantly mitigate these effects. This study investigated the ecological benefits of returning peach branch waste to fields (RPBF) through three innovative strategies: (1) application of peach branch organic fertilizer (OF), (2) mushroom cultivation using peach branches as a substrate (MC), and (3) surface mulching with peach branches (SM). Conducted within a peach orchard ecosystem, our research aimed to assess these resource utilization strategies' effects on soil properties, microbial community, and carbon cycle, thereby contributing to sustainable agricultural practices. Our findings indicated that all RPBF treatments enhance soil nutrient content, enriching beneficial microorganisms, such as Humicola, Rhizobiales, and Bacillus. Moreover, soil AP and AK were observed to regulate the soil carbon cycle by altering the compositions and functions of microbial communities. Notably, OF and MC treatments were found to boost autotrophic microorganism abundance, thereby augmenting the potential for soil carbon sequestration and emission reduction. Interestingly, in peach orchard soil, fungal communities were found to contribute more greatly to SOC content than bacterial communities. However, SM treatment resulted in an increase in the presence of bacterial communities, thereby enhancing carbon emissions. Overall, this study illustrated the fundamental pathways by which RPBF treatment affects the soil carbon cycle, providing novel insights into the rational resource utilization of peach branch waste and the advancement of ecological agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Liu
- College of Bioscience and Resource Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiling Liu
- College of Bioscience and Resource Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Bofei Cui
- College of Bioscience and Resource Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Haiqing Yang
- Fruit Industry Serve Center of Pinggu District, Beijing, China
| | - Chengda Gao
- College of Humanities and Urban-Rural Development, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Mingming Chang
- College of Bioscience and Resource Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yueping Liu
- College of Bioscience and Resource Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Northern Urban Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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Shen Z, Yu B, Gong Y, Shao K, Gao G, Tang X. Unraveling the impact of climatic warming and wetting on eukaryotic microbial diversity and assembly mechanisms: A 10-year case study in Lake Bosten, NW China. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 256:121559. [PMID: 38579508 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Over the last six decades, northwest China has undergone a significant climatic shift from "warm-dry" to "warm-wet", profoundly impacting the structures and functions of lake ecosystem across the region. However, the influences of this climatic transition on the diversity patterns, co-occurrence network, and assembly processes of eukaryotic microbial communities in lake ecosystem, along with the underlying mechanisms, remain largely unexplored. To bridge this knowledge gap, our study focused on Lake Bosten, the largest inland freshwater body in China, conducting a comprehensive analysis. Firstly, we examined the dynamics of key water quality parameters in the lake based on long-term monitoring data (1992-2022). Subsequently, we collected 93 water samples spanning two distinctive periods: low water level (WL) and high total dissolved solids (TDS) (PerWLTDS; 2010-2011; attributed to "warm-dry" climate), and high WL and low TDS (PerTDSWL; 2021-2022; associated with "warm-wet" climate). Eukaryotic microorganisms were further investigated using 18S rRNA gene sequencing and various statistical methods. Our findings revealed that climatic warming and wetting significantly increased eukaryotic microbial α-diversity (all Wilcox. test: P<0.05), while simultaneously reducing β-diversity (all Wilcox. test: P<0.001) and network complexity. Through the two sampling periods, assembly mechanisms of eukaryotic microorganisms were predominantly influenced by dispersal limitation (DL) and drift (DR) within stochastic processes, alongside homogeneous selection (HoS) within deterministic processes. WL played a mediating role in eukaryotic microbial DL and HoS processes in the PerTDSWL, whereas water quality and α-diversity influenced the DL process in the PerWLTDS. Collectively, these results underscore the direct and indirect impacts of "warm-wet" conditions on the eukaryotic microorganisms within Lake Bosten. This study provides valuable insights into the evolutionary dynamics of lake ecosystems under such climatic conditions and aids in predicting the ecological ramifications of global climatic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Shen
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Bobing Yu
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yi Gong
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Keqiang Shao
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Guang Gao
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xiangming Tang
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
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Ahme A, Happe A, Striebel M, Cabrerizo MJ, Olsson M, Giesler J, Schulte-Hillen R, Sentimenti A, Kühne N, John U. Warming increases the compositional and functional variability of a temperate protist community. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171971. [PMID: 38547992 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Phototrophic protists are a fundamental component of the world's oceans by serving as the primary source of energy, oxygen, and organic nutrients for the entire ecosystem. Due to the high thermal seasonality of their habitat, temperate protists could harbour many well-adapted species that tolerate ocean warming. However, these species may not sustain ecosystem functions equally well. To address these uncertainties, we conducted a 30-day mesocosm experiment to investigate how moderate (12 °C) and substantial (18 °C) warming compared to ambient conditions (6 °C) affect the composition (18S rRNA metabarcoding) and ecosystem functions (biomass, gross oxygen productivity, nutritional quality - C:N and C:P ratio) of a North Sea spring bloom community. Our results revealed warming-driven shifts in dominant protist groups, with haptophytes thriving at 12 °C and diatoms at 18 °C. Species responses primarily depended on the species' thermal traits, with indirect temperature effects on grazing being less relevant and phosphorus acting as a critical modulator. The species Phaeocystis globosa showed highest biomass on low phosphate concentrations and relatively increased in some replicates of both warming treatments. In line with this, the C:P ratio varied more with the presence of P. globosa than with temperature. Examining further ecosystem responses under warming, our study revealed lowered gross oxygen productivity but increased biomass accumulation whereas the C:N ratio remained unaltered. Although North Sea species exhibited resilience to elevated temperatures, a diminished functional similarity and heightened compositional variability indicate potential ecosystem repercussions for higher trophic levels. In conclusion, our research stresses the multifaceted nature of temperature effects on protist communities, emphasising the need for a holistic understanding that encompasses trait-based responses, indirect effects, and functional dynamics in the face of exacerbating temperature changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Ahme
- Alfred-Wegener-Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
| | - Anika Happe
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstraße 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Maren Striebel
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstraße 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Marco J Cabrerizo
- Department of Ecology, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n 1, 18071 Granada, Spain; Department of Ecology and Animal Biology, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas Marcosende s/n, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Markus Olsson
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20A, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob Giesler
- Alfred-Wegener-Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Ruben Schulte-Hillen
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Fahnenbergplatz, 79104 Freiburg i.Br., Germany
| | - Alexander Sentimenti
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Fahnenbergplatz, 79104 Freiburg i.Br., Germany
| | - Nancy Kühne
- Alfred-Wegener-Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Uwe John
- Alfred-Wegener-Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity at the University of Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heersstraße 231, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
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Choudhary R, Mahadevan R. DyMMM-LEAPS: An ML-based framework for modulating evenness and stability in synthetic microbial communities. Biophys J 2024:S0006-3495(24)00320-5. [PMID: 38733081 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
There have been a growing number of computational strategies to aid in the design of synthetic microbial consortia. A framework to identify regions in parametric space to maximize two essential properties, evenness and stability, is critical. In this study, we introduce DyMMM-LEAPS (dynamic multispecies metabolic modeling-locating evenness and stability in large parametric space), an extension of the DyMMM framework. Our method explores the large parametric space of genetic circuits in synthetic microbial communities to identify regions of evenness and stability. Due to the high computational costs of exhaustive sampling, we utilize adaptive sampling and surrogate modeling to reduce the number of simulations required to map the vast space. Our framework predicts engineering targets and computes their operating ranges to maximize the probability of the engineered community to have high evenness and stability. We demonstrate our approach by simulating five cocultures and one three-strain culture with different social interactions (cooperation, competition, and predation) employing quorum-sensing-based genetic circuits. In addition to guiding circuit tuning, our pipeline gives an opportunity for a detailed analysis of pockets of evenness and stability for the circuit under investigation, which can further help dissect the relationship between the two properties. DyMMM-LEAPS is easily customizable and can be expanded to a larger community with more complex interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhi Choudhary
- University of Toronto, Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Radhakrishnan Mahadevan
- University of Toronto, Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Ospina-Bautista F, Srivastava DS, Realpe E, Fernández AM. Environmental heterogeneity at two spatial scales affects litter diversity-decomposition relationships. Ecology 2024; 105:e4280. [PMID: 38566463 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The effects of biodiversity on ecological processes have been experimentally evaluated mainly at the local scale under homogeneous conditions. To scale up experimentally based biodiversity-functioning relationships, there is an urgent need to understand how such relationships are affected by the environmental heterogeneity that characterizes larger spatial scales. Here, we tested the effects of an 800-m elevation gradient (a large-scale environmental factor) and forest habitat (a fine-scale factor) on litter diversity-decomposition relationships. To better understand local and landscape scale mechanisms, we partitioned net biodiversity effects into complementarity, selection, and insurance effects as applicable at each scale. We assembled different litter mixtures in aquatic microcosms that simulated natural tree holes, replicating mixtures across blocks nested within forest habitats (edge, interior) and elevations (low, mid, high). We found that net biodiversity and complementarity effects increased over the elevation gradient, with their strength modified by forest habitat and the identity of litter in mixtures. Complementarity effects at local and landscape scales were greatest for combinations of nutrient-rich and nutrient-poor litters, consistent with nutrient transfer mechanisms. By contrast, selection effects were consistently weak and negative at both scales. Selection effects at the landscape level were due mainly to nonrandom overyielding rather than spatial insurance effects. Our findings demonstrate that the mechanisms by which litter diversity affects decomposition are sensitive to environmental heterogeneity at multiple scales. This has implications for the scaling of biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships and suggests that future shifts in environmental conditions due to climate change or land use may impact the functioning of aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Ospina-Bautista
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Diane S Srivastava
- Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Emilio Realpe
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ana María Fernández
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
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Qiao L, Chen Y, Ren C, Li T, Zhao A, Fan S, Bao J. Benthic foraminiferal community structure and its response to environmental factors revealed using high-throughput sequencing in the Zhoushan Fishing Ground, East China Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 202:116385. [PMID: 38669854 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Benthic foraminifera are excellent tools for monitoring marine environments and reconstructing paleoenvironments. This study investigated the structure and diversity of benthic foraminiferal communities in 20 superficial sediment samples obtained from the Zhoushan Fishing Ground (ZFG) using high-throughput sequencing based on small subunit ribosomal DNA and RNA amplification. The results revealed Rotaliida as the most dominant group, with spatial heterogeneity in foraminiferal distribution. Total benthic foraminiferal communities exhibited higher species richness and diversity compared to active communities. While heavy metal pollution in the ZFG was moderate, areas with elevated concentrations of heavy metals exhibited low diversity and richness in foraminiferal communities. Total foraminiferal community structure was primarily influenced by factors such as water depth and Hg, Pb, Cd, and Zn levels. Notably, Hg levels emerged as a critical factor impacting the structure and diversity of the active foraminiferal community. The dominant species, Operculina, exhibited tolerance toward heavy metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Chengzhe Ren
- College of Marine Science & Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China.
| | - Tiejun Li
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Anran Zhao
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Songyao Fan
- College of Marine Science & Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Jingjiao Bao
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, China
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Wang Z, Wu Y, Li X, Ji X, Liu W. The gut microbiota facilitate their host tolerance to extreme temperatures. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:131. [PMID: 38643098 PMCID: PMC11031955 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03277-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to extreme cold or heat temperature is one leading cause of weather-associated mortality and morbidity in animals. Emerging studies demonstrate that the microbiota residing in guts act as an integral factor required to modulate host tolerance to cold or heat exposure, but common and unique patterns of animal-temperature associations between cold and heat have not been simultaneously examined. Therefore, we attempted to investigate the roles of gut microbiota in modulating tolerance to cold or heat exposure in mice. RESULTS The results showed that both cold and heat acutely change the body temperature of mice, but mice efficiently maintain their body temperature at conditions of chronic extreme temperatures. Mice adapt to extreme temperatures by adjusting body weight gain, food intake and energy harvest. Fascinatingly, 16 S rRNA sequencing shows that extreme temperatures result in a differential shift in the gut microbiota. Moreover, transplantation of the extreme-temperature microbiota is sufficient to enhance host tolerance to cold and heat, respectively. Metagenomic sequencing shows that the microbiota assists their hosts in resisting extreme temperatures through regulating the host insulin pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight that the microbiota is a key factor orchestrating the overall energy homeostasis under extreme temperatures, providing an insight into the interaction and coevolution of hosts and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziguang Wang
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yujie Wu
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaowen Ji
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.
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Wu S, Lu J, Li C, Du H, Xu Y. Pediococcus spp. -mediated competition interaction within Daqu microbiota determines the temperature formation and metabolic profiles. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0179023. [PMID: 38506521 PMCID: PMC11022566 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01790-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Fermented microbiota is critical to the formation of microenvironment and metabolic profiles in spontaneous fermentation. Microorganisms generate a diverse array of metabolites concurrent with the release of heat energy. In the case of Daqu fermentation, the peak temperature exceeded 60°C, forming a typical high-temperature fermentation system known as high-temperature Daqu. However, microorganisms that cause the quality variation in Daqu and how they affect the functional microbiota and microenvironment in the fermentation process are not yet clear. This study adopted high-throughput sequencing and monitored the dynamic fluctuations of metabolites and environmental factors to identify the pivotal microorganism responsible for the alterations in interaction patterns of functional keystone taxa and quality decline in the fermentation system of different operational areas during the in situ fermentation process that had been mainly attributed to operational taxonomic unit (OTU)_22 (Pediococcus acidilactici). Additionally, we used isothermal microcalorimetry, plate inhibition experiments, and in vitro simulation fermentation experiments to explore the impact of Pediococcus spp. on heat generation, microorganisms, and metabolite profiles. Results showed the heat peak generated by Pediococcus spp. was significantly lower than that of Bacillus spp., filamentous fungi, and yeast. In addition, the preferential growth of P. acidilactici strain AA3 would obviously affect other strains to colonize through competition, and its metabolites made a significant impact on filamentous fungi. The addition of P. acidilactici strain AA3 in simulated fermentation would cause the loss of pyrazines and acids in metabolites. These evidences showed that the overgrowth of Pediococcus spp. greatly influenced the formation of high temperatures and compounds in solid-state fermentation systems. Our work illustrated the vital impact of interaction variability mediated by Pediococcus spp. for microbial assembly and metabolites, as well as in forming temperature. These results emphasized the functional role of Daqu microbiota in metabolites and heat production and the importance of cooperation in improving the fermentation quality.IMPORTANCEThe stable and high-quality saccharifying and fermenting starter in traditional solid-state fermentation was the prerequisite for liquor brewing. An imbalance of microbial homeostasis in fermentation can adversely impact production quality. Identification of such critical microorganisms and verifying their associations with other fermentation parameters pose a challenge in a traditional fermentation environment. To enhance the quality of spontaneous fermented products, strategies such as bioaugmentation or the control of harmful microorganisms would be employed. This work started with the differences in high-temperature Daqu metabolites to explore a series of functional microorganisms that could potentially contribute to product disparities, and found that the differences in interactions facilitated directly or indirectly by Pediococcus spp. seriously affected the development of microbial communities and metabolites, as well as the formation of the microenvironment. This study not only identified functional microbiota in Daqu that affected fermentation quality, but also demonstrated how microorganisms interact to affect the fermentation system, which would provide guidance for microbial supervision in the actual production process. Besides, the application of isothermal microcalorimetry in this study was helpful for us to understand the heat production capacity of microorganisms and their adaptability to the environment. This study presented a commendable framework for improving and controlling the quality of traditional fermentation and inspired further investigations in similar systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglu Wu
- Lab of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Guizhou Guotai Liquor Group Co. Ltd., Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Changwen Li
- Guizhou Guotai Liquor Group Co. Ltd., Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Hai Du
- Lab of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Lab of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Zheng J, Guo N, Huang Y, Guo X, Wagner A. High temperature delays and low temperature accelerates evolution of a new protein phenotype. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2495. [PMID: 38553445 PMCID: PMC10980763 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46332-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the origin of life, temperatures on earth have fluctuated both on short and long time scales. How such changes affect the rate at which Darwinian evolution can bring forth new phenotypes remains unclear. On the one hand, high temperature may accelerate phenotypic evolution because it accelerates most biological processes. On the other hand, it may slow phenotypic evolution, because proteins are usually less stable at high temperatures and therefore less evolvable. Here, to test these hypotheses experimentally, we evolved a green fluorescent protein in E. coli towards the new phenotype of yellow fluorescence at different temperatures. Yellow fluorescence evolved most slowly at high temperature and most rapidly at low temperature, in contradiction to the first hypothesis. Using high-throughput population sequencing, protein engineering, and biochemical assays, we determined that this is due to the protein-destabilizing effect of neofunctionalizing mutations. Destabilization is highly detrimental at high temperature, where neofunctionalizing mutations cannot be tolerated. Their detrimental effects can be mitigated through excess stability at low temperature, leading to accelerated adaptive evolution. By modifying protein folding stability, temperature alters the accessibility of mutational paths towards high-fitness genotypes. Our observations have broad implications for our understanding of how temperature changes affect evolutionary adaptations and innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zheng
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ning Guo
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiang Huang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Guo
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Andreas Wagner
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, USA.
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Bai J, Long C, Quan X, Liao C, Zhai D, Bao Y, Men X, Zhang D, Cheng X. Reverse diversity-biomass patterns in grasslands are constrained by climates and stoichiometry along an elevational gradient. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170416. [PMID: 38281651 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Diversity and biomass play an important role in grassland ecosystem functions. However, diversity and biomass are variable because of their high sensitivity to environmental change in natural ecosystems. How plant diversity, biomass, and driving factors (climates, soils, and plants) in grasslands vary with environmental change remains unclear. We conducted intensive fieldwork (≈1000 km transect) on plant diversity, biomass, and associated drivers (i.e., climates, soils, and plants) to identify the patterns of diversity and biomass along an elevational gradient (50-4000 m) in grasslands of southwest China. Grassland biomass decreased significantly, but grassland diversity increased with increasing elevation. Consequently, a significant reverse pattern between biomass and diversity was detected along an elevational gradient. We also observed that the reverse pattern was primarily driven by the shifts in climates (i.e., temperature and precipitation), leaf stoichiometric traits (i.e., leaf N:P ratio), and soil properties (i.e., soil N content) along the elevational gradient. Our results contradicted previous studies on the positive diversity-biomass relationships, suggesting that previous studies might weaken the effects of climatic factors and plant stoichiometry under environmental change. These findings revealed that the reverse pattern between diversity and biomass in grasslands was shaped by the combined effects (climates, plants, soils) in grasslands, thus providing new insights into the debates and predictions on the diversity and biomass in grasslands under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankun Bai
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, PR China
| | - Chunyan Long
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, PR China
| | - Xin Quan
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, PR China
| | - Chang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, PR China
| | - Deping Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, PR China
| | - Yong Bao
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, PR China
| | - Xiuxian Men
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, PR China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, PR China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Eco-security of Southwest China, Yunnan University, Kunming, PR China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion Prevention and Green Development, Yunnan University, Kunming, PR China.
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12
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Wang F, Zhao Z, Wang P, Zhong L, Yang S, Tang J, Hou S, Tseng TH, Cao Y, Yang R. Over 1/4 of China's terrestrial area significantly contributed both to biodiversity conservation and carbon neutrality, requiring protection. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169070. [PMID: 38056645 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Protected areas (PAs) play a crucial role in halting biodiversity loss and mitigating climate change. However, research on the advantages of integrating biodiversity conservation and climate mitigation within PAs remains limited, and there is a deficiency in holistic, scientifically supported management strategies. To address these gaps, we conducted a case study in China, comparing the conservation effectiveness of designating conservation priorities considering either single or multiple objectives, including biodiversity conservation and carbon neutrality. The results showed that integrating multiple values could truly increase the effectiveness of PAs compared to a single value considered. Over 1/4 of China's terrestrial area had a significant contribution for both biodiversity conservation and carbon neutrality, yet remained unprotected. Expanding PAs in these areas holds tremendous win-win biodiversity conservation and carbon neutrality opportunity. We delineated different conservation priorities for comprehensive management and outlined strategies for different types of areas. The framework presented in this study can serve as a reference for other places with comparable scales or management objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyi Wang
- Institute for National Parks, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Zhicong Zhao
- Institute for National Parks, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Pei Wang
- Institute for National Parks, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Le Zhong
- Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, China.
| | - Shenglan Yang
- Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, China.
| | - Jiale Tang
- Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, China.
| | - Shuyu Hou
- Institute for National Parks, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, China.
| | - Tz-Hsuan Tseng
- Institute for National Parks, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yue Cao
- Institute for National Parks, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Rui Yang
- Institute for National Parks, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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13
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Zhao J, Xie X, Jiang Y, Li J, Fu Q, Qiu Y, Fu X, Yao Z, Dai Z, Qiu Y, Chen H. Effects of simulated warming on soil microbial community diversity and composition across diverse ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 911:168793. [PMID: 37996030 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Soil warming can directly affect the microbial community, or indirectly affect the microbial community by affecting soil moisture, nutrient availability, vegetation growth, etc. However, the response of microorganisms to soil warming is complex, and there is no uniform conclusion on the impact and mechanism of warming on microbial diversity. As the global climate gradually warms, a comprehensive assessment of warming on soil microbial community changes is essential to understand and predict the response of microbial geochemical processes to soil warming. Here, we perform a meta-analysis of studies to investigate changes in soil microbial communities along soil warming gradients and the response of soil microbes to elevated temperature in different ecosystems. We found that the α diversity index of soil microorganisms decreased significantly with the increase in temperature, and the β diversity altered with the increase in soil temperature and the shifts in ecosystem. Most bacteria only alter when the temperature rises higher. Compared to the non-warming condition, the relative abundance of Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes and Verrucomicrobia decreased by 19 %, 11 %, 19 %, 8 % and 6 %, respectively, and the relative abundance of Firmicutes increased by 34 %. Compared to farmland, forest, grassland and tundra ecosystems, soil microorganisms in wetland ecosystems were more sensitive to temperature increase, and the changes in bacteria were consistent with the overall alterations. This meta-analysis revealed significant changes in the composition of microbial communities on soil warming. With the decrease in biodiversity under increasing temperature conditions, these dominant microbiomes, which can grow well under high-temperature conditions, will play a stronger role in regulating nutrient and energy flow. Our analysis adds a global perspective to the temperature response of soil microbes, which is critical to improving our understanding of the mechanisms of how soil microbes change in response to climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Xuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Yuying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Qi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Yingbo Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Xianheng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Zhiyuan Yao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Zhongmin Dai
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yunpeng Qiu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Huaihai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China.
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14
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Xu Z, Guo X, Allen WJ, Yu X, Hu Y, Wang J, Li M, Guo W. Plant community diversity alters the response of ecosystem multifunctionality to multiple global change factors. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17182. [PMID: 38348761 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Biodiversity is considered important to the mitigation of global change impacts on ecosystem multifunctionality in terrestrial ecosystems. However, potential mechanisms through which biodiversity maintains ecosystem multifunctionality under global change remain unclear. We grew 132 plant communities with two levels of plant diversity, crossed with treatments based on 10 global change factors (nitrogen deposition, soil salinity, drought, plant invasion, simulated grazing, oil pollution, plastics pollution, antibiotics pollution, heavy metal pollution, and pesticide pollution). All global change factors negatively impacted ecosystem multifunctionality, but negative impacts were stronger in high compared with low diversity plant communities. We explored potential mechanisms for this unexpected result, finding that the inhibition of selection effects (i.e., selection for plant species associated with high ecosystem functioning) contributed to sensitivity of ecosystem multifunctionality to global change. Specifically, global change factors decreased the abundance of novel functional plants (i.e., legumes) in high but not low diversity plant communities. The negative impacts of global change on ecosystem multifunctionality were also mediated by increased relative abundance of fungal plant pathogens (identified from metabarcoding of soil samples) and their negative relationship with the abundance of novel functional plants. Taken together, our experiment highlights the importance of protecting high diversity plant communities and legumes, and managing fungal pathogens, to the maintenance of ecosystem multifunctionality in the face of complex global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Xu
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China
- Institute of Ecology, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Guo
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Warwick J Allen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Xiaona Yu
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Yi Hu
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Mingyan Li
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Guo
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China
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15
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Niu X, Wang H, Wang T, Zhang P, Zhang H, Wang H, Kong X, Xie S, Xu J. The combination of multiple environmental stressors strongly alters microbial community assembly in aquatic ecosystems. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 350:119594. [PMID: 37995485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms play a critical role in maintaining the delicate balance of ecosystem services. However, the assembly processes that shape microbial communities are vulnerable to a range of environmental stressors, such as climate change, eutrophication, and the use of herbicides. Despite the importance of these stressors, little is known about their cumulative impacts on microbial community assembly in aquatic ecosystems. To address this knowledge gap, we established 48 mesocosm experiments that simulated shallow lake ecosystems and subjected them to warming (including continuous warming (W) and heat waves (H)), glyphosate-based herbicides (G), and nutrient loading (E). Our study revealed that in the control group, both deterministic and stochastic processes codominated the assembly of microbial communities in water, whereas in sediment, the processes were primarily stochastic. Interestingly, the effects of multiple stress factors on assembly in these two habitats were completely opposite. Specifically, stressors promoted the dominance of stochastic processes in water but increased the importance of deterministic processes in sediment. Furthermore, warming amplified the effects of herbicides but exerted an opposite and stronger influence on assembly compared to nutrients, emphasizing the complexity of these mechanisms and the significance of considering multiple stressors. The interaction of some factors significantly affected assembly (p < 0.05), with the effects of WEG being most pronounced in water. Both water and sediment exhibited homogeneous assembly of microbial communities (mean NTI >0), but the phylogenetic clustering of microbial communities in water was more closely related (NTI >2). Our research revealed the response model of microbial community assembly in aquatic ecosystems to multiple environmental stresses, such as agricultural pollution, climate change, and eutrophication, and indicated that microbial community changes in sediment may be an important predictor of lake ecosystem development. This provides scientific evidence that better environmental management can reduce impacts on aquatic ecosystems under the threat of future warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Niu
- School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Huan Wang
- School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Peiyu Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Xianghong Kong
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Songguang Xie
- School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
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16
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Lv J, Wang J, Li C. Landscape quantifies the intermediate state and transition dynamics in ecological networks. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1011766. [PMID: 38181053 PMCID: PMC10796024 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the ecological mechanisms associated with the collapse and restoration is especially critical in promoting harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. So far, it remains challenging to elucidate the mechanisms of stochastic dynamical transitions for ecological systems. Using an example of plant-pollinator network, we quantified the energy landscape of ecological system. The landscape displays multiple attractors characterizing the high, low and intermediate abundance stable states. Interestingly, we detected the intermediate states under pollinator decline, and demonstrated the indispensable role of the intermediate state in state transitions. From the landscape, we define the barrier height (BH) as a global quantity to evaluate the transition feasibility. We propose that the BH can serve as a new early-warning signal (EWS) for upcoming catastrophic breakdown, which provides an earlier and more accurate warning signal than traditional metrics based on time series. Our results promote developing better management strategies to achieve environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchao Lv
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center for Mathematical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Chunhe Li
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center for Mathematical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Mathematical Sciences and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Fobert EK, Miller CR, Swearer SE, Mayer-Pinto M. The impacts of artificial light at night on the ecology of temperate and tropical reefs. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220362. [PMID: 37899007 PMCID: PMC10613546 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite 22% of the world's coastal regions experiencing some degree of light pollution, and biologically important artificial light at night (ALAN) reaching large portions of the seafloor (greater than 75%) near coastal developments, the impacts of ALAN on temperate and tropical reefs are still relatively unknown. Because many reef species have evolved in response to low-light nocturnal environments, consistent daily, lunar, and seasonal light cycles, and distinct light spectra, these impacts are likely to be profound. Recent studies have found ALAN can decrease reproductive success of fishes, alter predation rates of invertebrates and fishes, and impact the physiology and biochemistry of reef-building corals. In this paper, we integrate knowledge of the role of natural light in temperate and tropical reefs with a synthesis of the current literature on the impacts of ALAN on reef organisms to explore potential changes at the system level in reef communities exposed to ALAN. Specifically, we identify the direct impacts of ALAN on individual organisms and flow on effects for reef communities, and present potential scenarios where ALAN could significantly alter system-level dynamics, possibly even creating novel ecosystems. Lastly, we highlight large knowledge gaps in our understanding of the overall impact of ALAN on reef systems. This article is part of the theme issue 'Light pollution in complex ecological systems'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily K. Fobert
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Colleen R. Miller
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Stephen E. Swearer
- National Centre for Coasts and Climate (NCCC), School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Mariana Mayer-Pinto
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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18
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Shen Z, Yu B, Shao K, Gao G, Tang X. Warming reduces microeukaryotic diversity, network complexity and stability. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117235. [PMID: 37775010 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Unraveling how climate warming affects microorganisms and the underlying mechanisms has been a hot topic in climate change and microbial ecology. To date, many studies have reported microbial responses to climate warming, especially in soil ecosystems, however, knowledge of how warming influences microeukaryotic diversity, network complexity and stability in lake ecosystems, in particular the possible underlying mechanisms, is largely unknown. To address this gap, we conducted 20 mesocosms spanning five temperature scenarios (26 °C, 27.5 °C, 29 °C, 30.5 °C, and 32 °C) in Lake Bosten, a hotspot for studying climate change, and investigated microeukaryotic communities using 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Our results demonstrated that warming, time, and their interactions significantly reduced microeukaryotic α-diversity (two-way ANOVA: P<0.01). Although warming did not significantly affect microeukaryotic community structure (ANOSIM: P>0.05), it enhanced species turnover. Microeukaryotic networks exhibited distinct co-occurrence patterns and topological properties across temperature scenarios. Warming reduced network complexity and stability, as well as altered species interactions. Collectively, these findings are likely to have implications for ecological management of lake ecosystems, in particular semi-arid and arid regions, and for predicting ecological consequences of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Shen
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bobing Yu
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Keqiang Shao
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guang Gao
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiangming Tang
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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19
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Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes predate the therapeutic uses of antibiotics. However, the current antimicrobial resistance crisis stems from our extensive use of antibiotics and the generation of environmental stressors that impose new selective pressure on microbes and drive the evolution of resistant pathogens that now threaten human health. Similar to climate change, this global threat results from human activities that change habitats and natural microbiomes, which in turn interact with human-associated ecosystems and lead to adverse impacts on human health. Human activities that alter our planet at global scales exacerbate the current resistance crisis and exemplify our central role in large-scale changes in which we are both protagonists and architects of our success but also casualties of unanticipated collateral outcomes. As cognizant participants in this ongoing planetary experiment, we are driven to understand and find strategies to curb the ongoing crises of resistance and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Mercedes Zambrano
- Corpogen Research Center, Bogotá, Colombia;
- Dirección de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Conocimiento, Universidad Central, Bogotá, Colombia
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20
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DeLong JP, Coblentz KE, Uiterwaal SF, Akwani C, Salsbery ME. Temperature and predators as interactive drivers of community properties. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10665. [PMID: 37920766 PMCID: PMC10618570 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of warming on ecological communities emerge from a range of potentially asymmetric impacts on individual physiology and development. Understanding these responses, however, is limited by our ability to connect mechanisms or emergent patterns across the many processes that drive variation in demography. Further complicating this understanding is the gain or loss of predators to many communities, which may interact with changes in temperature to drive community change. Here we conducted a factorial warming and predation experiment to test generalized predictions about responses to warming. We used microcosms with a range of protists, rotifers, and a gastrotrich, with and without the predator Actinosphaerium, to assess changes in diversity, body size, function, and composition in response to warming. We find that community respiration and predator:prey biovolume ratios peak at intermediate temperatures, while species richness declined with temperature. We also found that overall biomass increased with species richness, driven by the effect of temperature on richness. There was little evidence of an interaction between predation and temperature change, likely because the predator was mostly limited to the intermediate temperatures. Overall, our results suggest that general predictions about community change are still challenging to make but may benefit by considering multiple dimensions of community patterns in an integrated way.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P DeLong
- School of Biological Sciences University of Nebraska - Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USA
| | - Kyle E Coblentz
- School of Biological Sciences University of Nebraska - Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USA
| | - Stella F Uiterwaal
- School of Biological Sciences University of Nebraska - Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USA
- Present address: Living Earth Collaborative Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis Missouri USA
| | - Chika Akwani
- School of Biological Sciences University of Nebraska - Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USA
| | - Miranda E Salsbery
- School of Biological Sciences University of Nebraska - Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USA
- Present address: Rochester Institute of Technology K-12 University Center Rochester New York USA
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21
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Zhu K, Cheng Y, Zhou Q, Kápolnai Z, Dávid LD. The contributions of climate and land use/cover changes to water yield services considering geographic scale. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20115. [PMID: 37810821 PMCID: PMC10550635 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Water yield services are critical for maintaining ecological sustainability and regional economies. Climate change and land use/cover change (LUCC) significantly affect regional water yield, but the spatiotemporal variability of water yield services has been overlooked in previous studies. This study aims to explore the relative contributions of climate and land use/cover changes to water yield services at both grid and subwatershed scales. Methods This study employed the InVEST model to calculate the water yield in the study area and employed a multi-scenario simulation approach to investigate the impacts of climate change and LUCC on water yield at both grid and subwatershed scales. Furthermore, the contributions of these two types of changes to water yield were quantified. Results Firstly, upstream areas experience significantly lower annual average precipitation, temperature, and potential evapotranspiration than downstream areas, with worsening drought severity. Secondly, urbanization led to significant LUCC, with decreases in farmland and grassland and increases in forest, water, building land, and unused land. Thirdly, the spatial heterogeneity of water yield services remains consistent across different scales, but more pronounced spatial clustering is observed at the subwatershed scale. Fourthly, climate change is the primary factor affecting regional water yield services, surpassing the influence of LUCC. Lastly, LUCC significantly impacts water cycling in watersheds, with vegetation coverage being a critical factor affecting water yield. Conclusion These findings highlight the need to consider the complex relationships between climate change, LUCC, and water yield services at multiple scales in water resource management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhu
- Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yufeng Cheng
- Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Zsombor Kápolnai
- Doctoral School of Economic and Regional Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Godollo, 2100, Hungary
| | - Lóránt Dénes Dávid
- Institute of Rural Development and Sustainable Economy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Godollo, 2100, Hungary
- Faculty of Economics and Business, John von Neumann University, Kecskemet, 6000, Hungary
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22
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Diao C, Wang M, Zhong Z, Li Y, Xian W, Zhang H. Biodiversity exploration of Formosa Ridge cold seep in the South China Sea using an eDNA metabarcoding approach. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 190:106109. [PMID: 37506653 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The Formosa Ridge, also named Site F, is an active cold seep marine ecosystem site that has been studied since it was discovered on the continental slope of the northeast South China Sea (SCS). However, few studies have focused on the eukaryotic diversity at Site F. Environmental DNA (eDNA) technology is a non-invasive method applied in biodiversity surveys with a high species detection probability. In the present study, we identified multi-trophic biodiversity using eDNA metabarcoding combined with multiple ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) markers. We detected 142 phytoplankton, 90 invertebrates, and 64 fish species by amplifying the 18S rRNA gene V4 region, the 18S rRNA gene V9 region, and the 12S rRNA gene. The results elucidated dissimilar trends of different assemblages with depth. The diversity of phytoplankton and invertebrate assemblages markedly decreased with depth, whereas little change was observed within the fish assemblage. We comprehensively assessed the relationship between the three assemblages and environmental factors (temperature, salinity, depth, dissolved oxygen, and chlorophyll a). These factors strongly impacted on phytoplankton and invertebrates, but only slightly on fish. We inferred the finding might be due to fish having a strong migration capacity and wide distribution. This study indicates that eDNA metabarcoding with multiple markers is a powerful tool for marine biodiversity research that is able to provide technical support and knowledge for resource management and biodiversity protection efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caoyun Diao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Minxiao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Deep Sea Research Center, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhaoshan Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Deep Sea Research Center, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Weiwei Xian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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23
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Schleicherová D, Prearo M, Santovito A. Influence of Nutritional Stress on Female Allocation and Somatic Growth in the Simultaneously Hermaphroditic Polychaete Worm Ophryotrocha diadema. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:859. [PMID: 37372144 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Hermaphrodites are characterized by plastic sex allocation, by which they adjust their allocation of reproductive resources according to mating opportunities. However, since the plasticity of sex allocation is influenced by environmental conditions, it may also be affected by species-specific life-history traits. In this study, we explored the trade-off between nutritional stress due to food deficiency and the investment of resources in female allocation and somatic growth in the simultaneously hermaphroditic polychaete worm, Ophryotrocha diadema. To achieve this, we exposed adult individuals to three food supply levels: (1) ad libitum-100% food supply, (2) intense food deficiency-25% food resources, and (3) extreme food deficiency-0% food resources. Our findings show a progressive decrease in female allocation in the numbers of cocoons and eggs and in body growth rate of O. diadema individuals as the level of nutritional stress increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dáša Schleicherová
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10124 Torino, Italy
- IZS PLV, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy
| | - Marino Prearo
- IZS PLV, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy
| | - Alfredo Santovito
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10124 Torino, Italy
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24
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Sun K, Cai J, Liu X, Yang L, Li H, Wang G, Xu X, Yu F. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus supply levels and ratios on soil microbial diversity-ecosystem multifunctionality relationships in a coastal nontidal wetland. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 874:162472. [PMID: 36842587 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Human activities have changed the levels and ratios of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in wetland ecosystems. However, the effects of N and P levels and ratios on wetland soil microbial community and ecosystem multifunctionality remain unclear, especially on the relationships between soil microbial diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality. In this study, the effects of a 7-year experimental nutrient addition on the soil microbial community and ecosystem multifunctionality (12 function variables related to carbon, N, and P cycling) were assessed by combining three N and P supply levels with three N:P supply ratios in a coastal nontidal wetland ecosystem. According to the obtained results, the N and P supply levels significantly affected soil bacterial community composition, as well as ecosystem multifunctionality, while no significant effects of N:P supply ratios were observed. Although N and P supply levels did not significantly affect bacterial and fungal diversity, they both changed the complexity of bacterial and fungal networks. Soil ecosystem multifunctionality was significantly and positively correlated with bacterial diversity rather than fungal diversity. Moreover, the correlation coefficient between bacterial diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality showed an increasing-decreasing trend with increasing N and P supply levels and an increasing trend with increasing N:P supply ratios. However, the correlation coefficient between bacterial diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality was not significantly correlated with bacterial network complexity. The current study provides new insights into the impacts of N and P levels and ratios on soil microbial community and ecosystem multifunctionality in a coastal nontidal wetland. In particular, the present study highlighted that changes in N and P supply levels and ratios lead to changes in the relationship between soil bacterial diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality, which should be considered in related studies to accurately predict the responses of ecosystem multifunctionality to N and P inputs in coastal nontidal wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jingfang Cai
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Guangmei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Xingliang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Feihai Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
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25
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Pham K, Ho L, D'Incal CP, De Cock A, Berghe WV, Goethals P. Epigenetic analytical approaches in ecotoxicological aquatic research. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 330:121737. [PMID: 37121302 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Environmental epigenetics has become a key research focus in global climate change studies and environmental pollutant investigations impacting aquatic ecosystems. Specifically, triggered by environmental stress conditions, intergenerational DNA methylation changes contribute to biological adaptive responses and survival of organisms to increase their tolerance towards these conditions. To critically review epigenetic analytical approaches in ecotoxicological aquatic research, we evaluated 78 publications reported over the past five years (2016-2021) that applied these methods to investigate the responses of aquatic organisms to environmental changes and pollution. The results show that DNA methylation appears to be the most robust epigenetic regulatory mark studied in aquatic animals. As such, multiple DNA methylation analysis methods have been developed in aquatic organisms, including enzyme restriction digestion-based and methyl-specific immunoprecipitation methods, and bisulfite (in)dependent sequencing strategies. In contrast, only a handful of aquatic studies, i.e. about 15%, have been focusing on histone variants and post-translational modifications due to the lack of species-specific affinity based immunological reagents, such as specific antibodies for chromatin immunoprecipitation applications. Similarly, ncRNA regulation remains as the least popular method used in the field of environmental epigenetics. Insights into the opportunities and challenges of the DNA methylation and histone variant analysis methods as well as decreasing costs of next generation sequencing approaches suggest that large-scale epigenetic environmental studies in model and non-model organisms will soon become available in the near future. Moreover, antibody-dependent and independent methods, such as mass spectrometry-based methods, can be used as an alternative epigenetic approach to characterize global changes of chromatin histone modifications in future aquatic research. Finally, a systematic guide for DNA methylation and histone variant methods is offered for ecotoxicological aquatic researchers to select the most relevant epigenetic analytical approach in their research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Pham
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
| | - Long Ho
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Claudio Peter D'Incal
- Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
| | - Andrée De Cock
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Wim Vanden Berghe
- Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
| | - Peter Goethals
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium
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26
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Wallon S, Melo C, Tsafack N, Elias RB, Borges PA. Assessing the effects of climate change on arthropod abundance in Azorean pastures: PASTURCLIM project's baseline monitoring data. Biodivers Data J 2023; 11:e103723. [PMID: 38327350 PMCID: PMC10848743 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.11.e103723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The data we present are part of the project PASTURCLIM (Impact of climate change on pasture's productivity and nutritional composition in the Azores). The project aims to assess the consequences of climate change (e.g. temperature increase) on the grass production and its quality for forage, as well as to assess changes in the arthropod communities associated with the Azorean intensive pastures. An in situ experiment was set up using Open Top Chambers (OTCs), in order to simulate an increasing of temperature (average of +1.2ºC) on pastures. In this contribution, we present the data relative to the arthropod sampling. New information We provide an inventory of all arthropods recorded inside OTCs and in control plots in three intensively managed pastures dominated by grasses in Terceira Island (Azores): two of them dominated by ryegrass, Loliummultiflorum Lam. (Poaceae), located respectively at 186 m and 301 m above sea level; and one field dominated by common velvetgrass, Holcuslanatus L. (Poaceae), located at an altitude of 385 m.A total of 41351 specimens were collected. Organisms collected belong to four classes, 15 orders, 60 families and 171 species/morphospecies (including 34 taxa identified only at order, family or genus level). Therefore, for only 137 taxa, we have a scientific name associated (n = 38918). A total of 75% of the species (n = 129 species) are considered introduced (including all the species with indeterminate colonisation status that are possibly also exotic species (n = 7622)), representing 71% of the total abundance (n = 29664 specimens). A total of 19% of the species (n = 33 species) are considered native non-endemic representing 28% of the total abundance (n = 11608 specimens). Only one endemic species was sampled, the wolf spider Pardosaacorensis Simon, 1883 (1% of the species), representing 0.2% of the total abundance (n = 79 specimens). Spiders (5056 specimens) and beetles (18310 specimens) were the dominant taxa representing, respectively, 20 and 78 morphospecies.Since the main aim of this study was to have a better knowledge on arthropod communities present in Azorean pastures under a simulated temperature increase, the principal novelty of this paper is the contribution with distribution and abundance data to a baseline knowledge on the future consequences of climate changes on arthropod communities in Azorean pastures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Wallon
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c)/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE – Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, PortugalCentre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c)/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE – Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042Angra do Heroísmo, AzoresPortugal
| | - Catarina Melo
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c)/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE – Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, PortugalCentre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c)/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE – Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042Angra do Heroísmo, AzoresPortugal
- CFE – Centre for Functional Ecology, 3001-401 Coimbra, PortugalCFE – Centre for Functional Ecology3001-401 CoimbraPortugal
| | - Noelline Tsafack
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c)/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE – Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, PortugalCentre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c)/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE – Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042Angra do Heroísmo, AzoresPortugal
- Regional Secretariat of Environment and Climate Change, Project LIFE BEETLES (LIFE 18NAT/PT/000864), Rua do Galo n118, 9700-040, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, PortugalRegional Secretariat of Environment and Climate Change, Project LIFE BEETLES (LIFE 18NAT/PT/000864), Rua do Galo n118, 9700-040Angra do Heroísmo, AzoresPortugal
| | - Rui B. Elias
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c)/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE – Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, PortugalCentre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c)/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE – Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042Angra do Heroísmo, AzoresPortugal
| | - Paulo A.V. Borges
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c)/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE – Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, PortugalCentre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c)/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE – Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042Angra do Heroísmo, AzoresPortugal
- IUCN SSC Mid-Atlantic Islands Invertebrate Specialist Group, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, PortugalIUCN SSC Mid-Atlantic Islands Invertebrate Specialist GroupAngra do Heroísmo, AzoresPortugal
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27
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Yang J, Yu Q, Su W, Wang S, Wang X, Han Q, Qu J, Li H. Metagenomics reveals elevated temperature causes nitrogen accumulation mainly by inhibiting nitrate reduction process in polluted water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163631. [PMID: 37086993 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Determining the response of functional genes and microbiota involved in the nitrogen (N) cycle to warming in the face of global climate change is a hotpot topic. However, whether and how elevated temperature affects the N-cycle genes in polluted water remains unclear. Based on metagenomics, we investigated the responses of the whole N-cycling genes and their microbial communities to the temperature gradients (23, 26, 29, 32, and 35 °C) using animal cadavers as an N-pollution model. We found that the abundance of gene families involved in glutamate metabolism, assimilatory nitrate reduction to nitrite (ANRN), and denitrification pathways decreased with temperature. Moreover, warming reduced the diversity of N-cycling microbial communities. Ecological network analysis indicated that elevated temperature intensified the mutual competition of N-cycle genes. The partial least squares path model (PLS-PM) showed that warming directly suppressed most N-cycle pathways, especially glutamate metabolism, denitrification, and ANRN pathways. Corpse decay also indirectly inhibited N-cycling via regulating N content and microbial communities. Our results highlight warming leads to N accumulation by inhibiting the ANRN and denitrification pathways, which may jeopardize ecological environment security. Our study is expected to provide valuable insights into the complex N-cycle process and N-pollution in warmer aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Yang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiaoling Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of pastoral agriculture science and technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wanghong Su
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Sijie Wang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qian Han
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jiapeng Qu
- Key laboratory of adaptation and evolution of plateau biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Huan Li
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of pastoral agriculture science and technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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28
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Lafuente E, Carles L, Walser J, Giulio M, Wullschleger S, Stamm C, Räsänen K. Effects of anthropogenic stress on hosts and their microbiomes: Treated wastewater alters performance and gut microbiome of a key detritivore (
Asellus aquaticus
). Evol Appl 2023; 16:824-848. [PMID: 37124094 PMCID: PMC10130563 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Human activity is a major driver of ecological and evolutionary change in wild populations and can have diverse effects on eukaryotic organisms as well as on environmental and host-associated microbial communities. Although host-microbiome interactions can be a major determinant of host fitness, few studies consider the joint responses of hosts and their microbiomes to anthropogenic changes. In freshwater ecosystems, wastewater is a widespread anthropogenic stressor that represents a multifarious environmental perturbation. Here, we experimentally tested the impact of treated wastewater on a keystone host (the freshwater isopod Asellus aquaticus) and its gut microbiome. We used a semi-natural flume experiment, in combination with 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, to assess how different concentrations (0%, 30%, and 80%) of nonfiltered wastewater (i.e. with chemical toxicants, nutrients, organic particles, and microbes) versus ultrafiltered wastewater (i.e. only dissolved pollutants and nutrients) affected host survival, growth, and food consumption as well as mid- and hindgut bacterial community composition and diversity. Our results show that while host survival was not affected by the treatments, host growth increased and host feeding rate decreased with nonfiltered wastewater - potentially indicating that A. aquaticus fed on organic matter and microbes available in nonfiltered wastewater. Furthermore, even though the midgut microbiome (diversity and composition) was not affected by any of our treatments, nonfiltered wastewater influenced bacterial composition (but not diversity) in the hindgut. Ultrafiltered wastewater, on the other hand, affected both community composition and bacterial diversity in the hindgut, an effect that in our system differed between sexes. While the functional consequences of microbiome changes and their sex specificity are yet to be tested, our results indicate that different components of multifactorial stressors (i.e. different constituents of wastewater) can affect hosts and their microbiome in distinct (even opposing) manners and have a substantial impact on eco-evolutionary responses to anthropogenic stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Lafuente
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and TechnologyDübendorfSwitzerland
- Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaOeirasPortugal
| | - Louis Carles
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and TechnologyDübendorfSwitzerland
| | - Jean‐Claude Walser
- Department of Environmental Systems Science D‐USYS, Genetic Diversity CentreSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Marco Giulio
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and TechnologyDübendorfSwitzerland
| | - Simon Wullschleger
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and TechnologyDübendorfSwitzerland
| | - Christian Stamm
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and TechnologyDübendorfSwitzerland
| | - Katja Räsänen
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and TechnologyDübendorfSwitzerland
- Department of Biological and Environmental ScienceUniversity of JyväskyläJyväskyläFinland
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29
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da Silva CRB, Beaman JE, Youngblood JP, Kellermann V, Diamond SE. Vulnerability to climate change increases with trophic level in terrestrial organisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161049. [PMID: 36549538 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The resilience of ecosystem function under global climate change is governed by individual species vulnerabilities and the functional groups they contribute to (e.g. decomposition, primary production, pollination, primary, secondary and tertiary consumption). Yet it remains unclear whether species that contribute to different functional groups, which underpin ecosystem function, differ in their vulnerability to climate change. We used existing upper thermal limit data across a range of terrestrial species (N = 1701) to calculate species warming margins (degrees distance between a species upper thermal limit and the maximum environmental temperature they inhabit), as a metric of climate change vulnerability. We examined whether species that comprise different functional groups exhibit differential vulnerability to climate change, and if vulnerability trends change across geographic space while considering evolutionary history. Primary producers had the broadest warming margins across the globe (μ = 18.72 °C) and tertiary consumers had the narrowest warming margins (μ = 9.64 °C), where vulnerability tended to increase with trophic level. Warming margins had a nonlinear relationship (second-degree polynomial) with absolute latitude, where warming margins were narrowest at about 33°, and were broader at lower and higher absolute latitudes. Evolutionary history explained significant variation in species warming margins, as did the methodology used to estimate species upper thermal limits. We investigated if variation in body mass across the trophic levels could explain why higher trophic level organisms had narrower warming margins than lower trophic level organisms, however, we did not find support for this hypothesis. This study provides a critical first step in linking individual species vulnerabilities with whole ecosystem responses to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen R B da Silva
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Julian E Beaman
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jacob P Youngblood
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR, USA
| | | | - Sarah E Diamond
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Urban Bird Community Assembly Mechanisms and Driving Factors in University Campuses in Nanjing, China. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040673. [PMID: 36830459 PMCID: PMC9952131 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
University campuses are important components of cities, harboring the majority of urban biodiversity. In this study, based on monthly bird survey data covering 12 university campuses located either downtown or in the newly developed areas in Nanjing, China, in 2019, we studied the assembly processes of each campus's bird population and their main drivers by modeling a set of ecological and landscape determinants. Our results showed that (1) bird abundance and species diversity in the newly developed areas were significantly higher than in those downtown; (2) the phylogeny of bird communities in all universities followed a pattern of aggregation, indicating that environmental filtering played a major role in community assembly; (3) specifically, grass, water, and buildings were the main factors affecting each campus's bird community's functional and phylogenetic diversity, with the areas of grass and water habitats having a significant positive correlation with phylogenetic diversity, while the size of building areas was negatively correlated. Our results emphasize that habitat features play a decisive role in determining urban bird population diversity and community assembly processes. We suggest that increasing landscape diversity, e.g., by reasonably arranging the location and area of water bodies and grasslands and improving the landscape connectivity, could be a powerful way to maintain and promote urban bird diversity.
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31
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Sun S, Dziuba MK, Jaye RN, Duffy MA. Transgenerational plasticity in a zooplankton in response to elevated temperature and parasitism. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9767. [PMID: 36760704 PMCID: PMC9897957 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Organisms are increasingly facing multiple stressors, which can simultaneously interact to cause unpredictable impacts compared with a single stressor alone. Recent evidence suggests that phenotypic plasticity can allow for rapid responses to altered environments, including biotic and abiotic stressors, both within a generation and across generations (transgenerational plasticity). Parents can potentially "prime" their offspring to better cope with similar stressors or, alternatively, might produce offspring that are less fit because of energetic constraints. At present, it remains unclear exactly how biotic and abiotic stressors jointly mediate the responses of transgenerational plasticity and whether this plasticity is adaptive. Here, we test the effects of biotic and abiotic environmental changes on within- and transgenerational plasticity using a Daphnia-Metschnikowia zooplankton-fungal parasite system. By exposing parents and their offspring consecutively to the single and combined effects of elevated temperature and parasite infection, we showed that transgenerational plasticity induced by temperature and parasite stress influenced host fecundity and lifespan; offsprings of mothers who were exposed to one of the stressors were better able to tolerate elevated temperature, compared with the offspring of mothers who were exposed to neither or both stressors. Yet, the negative effects caused by parasite infection were much stronger, and this greater reduction in host fitness was not mitigated by transgenerational plasticity. We also showed that elevated temperature led to a lower average immune response, and that the relationship between immune response and lifetime fecundity reversed under elevated temperature: the daughters of exposed mothers showed decreased fecundity with increased hemocyte production at ambient temperature but the opposite relationship at elevated temperature. Together, our results highlight the need to address questions at the interface of multiple stressors and transgenerational plasticity and the importance of considering multiple fitness-associated traits when evaluating the adaptive value of transgenerational plasticity under changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syuan‐Jyun Sun
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,International Degree Program in Climate Change and Sustainable DevelopmentNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Marcin K. Dziuba
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Riley N. Jaye
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Meghan A. Duffy
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
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32
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García FC, Clegg T, O'Neill DB, Warfield R, Pawar S, Yvon-Durocher G. The temperature dependence of microbial community respiration is amplified by changes in species interactions. Nat Microbiol 2023; 8:272-283. [PMID: 36732470 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-022-01283-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory release of CO2 by microorganisms is one of the main components of the global carbon cycle. However, there are large uncertainties regarding the effects of climate warming on the respiration of microbial communities, owing to a lack of mechanistic, empirically tested theory that incorporates dynamic species interactions. We present a general mathematical model which predicts that thermal sensitivity of microbial community respiration increases as species interactions change from competition to facilitation (for example, commensalism, cooperation and mutualism). This is because facilitation disproportionately increases positive feedback between the thermal sensitivities of species-level metabolic and biomass accumulation rates at warmer temperatures. We experimentally validate our theoretical predictions in a community of eight bacterial taxa and show that a shift from competition to facilitation, after a month of co-adaptation, caused a 60% increase in the thermal sensitivity of respiration relative to de novo assembled communities that had not co-adapted. We propose that rapid changes in species interactions can substantially change the temperature dependence of microbial community respiration, which should be accounted for in future climate-carbon cycle models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca C García
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
- Red Sea Research Centre, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tom Clegg
- Georgina Mace Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, UK
| | | | - Ruth Warfield
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - Samraat Pawar
- Georgina Mace Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, UK.
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Álvarez-Noriega M, Marrable I, Noonan SHC, Barneche DR, Ortiz JC. Highly conserved thermal performance strategies may limit adaptive potential in corals. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20221703. [PMID: 36629109 PMCID: PMC9832572 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing seawater temperatures are expected to have profound consequences for reef-building corals' physiology. Understanding how demography changes in response to chronic exposure to warming will help forecast how coral communities will respond to climate change. Here, we measure growth rates of coral fragments of four common species, while exposing them to temperatures ranging from 19°C to 31°C for one month to calibrate their thermal-performance curves (TPCs). Our results show that, while there are contrasting differences between species, the shape of the TPCs was remarkably consistent among individuals of the same species. The low variation in thermal sensitivity within species may imply a reduced capacity for rapid adaptive responses to future changes in thermal regimes. Additionally, interspecific differences in thermal responses show a negative relationship between maximum growth and thermal optima, contradicting expectations derived from the classic 'warmer-is-better' hypothesis. Among species, there was a trade-off between current and future growth, whereby most species perform well under current thermal regimes but are susceptible to future increases in temperature. Increases in water temperature with climate change are likely to reduce growth rates, further hampering future coral reef recovery rates and potentially altering community composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabella Marrable
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB 3, Townsville MC, Queensland 4810, Australia
| | - Sam H. C. Noonan
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB 3, Townsville MC, Queensland 4810, Australia
| | - Diego R. Barneche
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Juan C. Ortiz
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB 3, Townsville MC, Queensland 4810, Australia
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34
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Dai Y, Xu Z, Wang Z, Li X, Dong J, Xia X. Effects of fermentation temperature on bacterial community, physicochemical properties and volatile flavor in fermented soy whey and its coagulated tofu. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Szczerska M, Wityk P, Listewnik P. Impact of temperature on optical sensing in biology based on investigation of SARS-CoV-2. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202200186. [PMID: 36153308 PMCID: PMC9537954 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present an investigation of the influence of the temperature on the sensing of biological samples. We used biofunctionalized microsphere-based fiber-optic sensor to detect immunoglobulin G attached to the sensor head at temperatures relevant in biological research: 5°C, 25°C, and 55°C. The construction of the sensor allowed us to perform measurements in the small amount of solution. The results of our experiment confirm substantial changes in the measured reflected optical power, indicating the need to control the temperature during such measurements. The sensitivity of the sensor used in this research is 8.82 nW/°C. Coefficient R was also calculated and it equals 0.998, which shows good fit between theoretical linear fit and obtained measured data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Szczerska
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and InformaticsGdańsk University of TechnologyGdańskPoland
| | - Paweł Wityk
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and PharmacodynamicsMedical University of GdańskGdańskPoland
| | - Paulina Listewnik
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and InformaticsGdańsk University of TechnologyGdańskPoland
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36
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Madrigal-González J, Luzuriaga AL, Escudero A, Ferrandis P, Calatayud J. Warming reverses directionality in the richness-abundance relationship in ephemeral Mediterranean plant communities. Ecology 2023; 104:e3870. [PMID: 36116044 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings in forests worldwide have demonstrated how directionality in the richness-abundance causality shifts along global climate gradients: The so-called more-species hypothesis (richness determines abundance) prevails in Earth's most productive climates, whereas the opposite, the so-called more-individuals hypothesis (abundance determines richness), is more likely to prevail in climatically harsh conditions. Since temporal variability is the norm, a critical question is whether this directionality shift is also a function of temporal climatic fluctuations locally. Here, we analyze whether directionality in the richness-abundance relationship is contingent on temporal variability over 10 annual consecutive realizations in ephemeral plant assemblages. Our results support the idea that the more-species hypothesis prevailed in the most benign years, whereas the more-individuals hypothesis did so during less productive years, which were significantly linked to the warmest years. These results support the idea that rising temperatures can reverse directionality in the richness-abundance relationship in these annual plant communities, and therefore, climate warming can have a significant effect on the relationship between diversity and ecosystem functions, such as productivity, by altering the prevalence of primary mechanisms involved in species assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Madrigal-González
- Área de Ecología, Departamento de Biología Animal, Ecología, Parasitología, Edafología y Química agrícola, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, EiFAB, University of Valladolid, Soria, Spain
| | - Arantzazu L Luzuriaga
- Área Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física Aplicada y Química Inorgánica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Escudero
- Área Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física Aplicada y Química Inorgánica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Ferrandis
- Instituto Botánico de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Joaquín Calatayud
- Área Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología, Geología, Física Aplicada y Química Inorgánica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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Qu Y, Liu Q, Zhao W, Cheng H, Chen H, Tian Y, Ma S, Chen Y, Ma J. Characters and environmental driving factors of bacterial community in soil of Beijing urban parks. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114178. [PMID: 36087773 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In an era of unprecedented human influence, different human activities have different degrees of impact on specific bacteria, resulting in the regional biological homogenization of soil bacteria. However, the contribution of the impact that a large number of anthropogenic activities on bacteria remains unknown. Here, by high-throughput amplicon sequencing, we characterized the composition, diversity and influencing factors of soil microbes in Beijing urban parks at geographic space and park management aspect. It is the first time to quantify and compare the importance of the impact of up to 15 human activities on soil bacterial communities. The results show that the dominant bacterial phyla in Beijing urban parks were Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi. The environmental management of different park types, as well as the land use history and development conditions of different regions, had significant differences in soil bacterial community structure. Soil bacteria in urban parks were disturbed by direct human interference far more than natural causes. The most important factors were related to the number of tourists and residents, industrial production and land use patterns. These factors may also be related to the abundance of unknown bacteria in urban parks. This also directly shows that human activities have a non-negligible impact on soil bacteria. The ways in which different human activities brought by global urbanization and their impacting mechanisms are used should be the starting point of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Qiyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Wenhao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Hongguang Cheng
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yuxin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Saiyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
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Synthetic periphyton as a model system to understand species dynamics in complex microbial freshwater communities. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2022; 8:61. [PMID: 35869094 PMCID: PMC9307524 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-022-00322-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractPhototrophic biofilms, also known as periphyton, are microbial freshwater communities that drive crucial ecological processes in streams and lakes. Gaining a deep mechanistic understanding of the biological processes occurring in natural periphyton remains challenging due to the high complexity and variability of such communities. To address this challenge, we rationally developed a workflow to construct a synthetic community by co-culturing 26 phototrophic species (i.e., diatoms, green algae, and cyanobacteria) that were inoculated in a successional sequence to create a periphytic biofilm on glass slides. We show that this community is diverse, stable, and highly reproducible in terms of microbial composition, function, and 3D spatial structure of the biofilm. We also demonstrate the ability to monitor microbial dynamics at the single species level during periphyton development and how their abundances are impacted by stressors such as increased temperature and a herbicide, singly and in combination. Overall, such a synthetic periphyton, grown under controlled conditions, can be used as a model system for theory testing through targeted manipulation.
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Multiple anthropogenic pressures eliminate the effects of soil microbial diversity on ecosystem functions in experimental microcosms. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4260. [PMID: 35871070 PMCID: PMC9308766 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31936-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodiversity is crucial for the provision of ecosystem functions. However, ecosystems are now exposed to a rapidly growing number of anthropogenic pressures, and it remains unknown whether biodiversity can still promote ecosystem functions under multifaceted pressures. Here we investigated the effects of soil microbial diversity on soil functions and properties when faced with an increasing number of simultaneous global change factors in experimental microcosms. Higher soil microbial diversity had a positive effect on soil functions and properties when no or few (i.e., 1–4) global change factors were applied, but this positive effect was eliminated by the co-occurrence of numerous global change factors. This was attributable to the reduction of soil fungal abundance and the relative abundance of an ecological cluster of coexisting soil bacterial and fungal taxa. Our study indicates that reducing the number of anthropogenic pressures should be a goal in ecosystem management, in addition to biodiversity conservation. It is unclear whether the positive effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning are maintained under multifaceted anthropogenic disturbance. In this experiment, the authors show that multiple simultaneous stressors can negate the positive effect of microbial diversity on soil functions.
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40
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Smith TP, Mombrikotb S, Ransome E, Kontopoulos DG, Pawar S, Bell T. Latent functional diversity may accelerate microbial community responses to temperature fluctuations. eLife 2022; 11:80867. [DOI: 10.7554/elife.80867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
How complex microbial communities respond to climatic fluctuations remains an open question. Due to their relatively short generation times and high functional diversity, microbial populations harbor great potential to respond as a community through a combination of strain-level phenotypic plasticity, adaptation, and species sorting. However, the relative importance of these mechanisms remains unclear. We conducted a laboratory experiment to investigate the degree to which bacterial communities can respond to changes in environmental temperature through a combination of phenotypic plasticity and species sorting alone. We grew replicate soil communities from a single location at six temperatures between 4°C and 50°C. We found that phylogenetically and functionally distinct communities emerge at each of these temperatures, with K-strategist taxa favored under cooler conditions and r-strategist taxa under warmer conditions. We show that this dynamic emergence of distinct communities across a wide range of temperatures (in essence, community-level adaptation) is driven by the resuscitation of latent functional diversity: the parent community harbors multiple strains pre-adapted to different temperatures that are able to ‘switch on’ at their preferred temperature without immigration or adaptation. Our findings suggest that microbial community function in nature is likely to respond rapidly to climatic temperature fluctuations through shifts in species composition by resuscitation of latent functional diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Smith
- The Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Imperial College London
| | - Shorok Mombrikotb
- The Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Imperial College London
| | - Emma Ransome
- The Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Imperial College London
| | | | - Samraat Pawar
- The Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Imperial College London
| | - Thomas Bell
- The Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Imperial College London
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Hartup J, Ockendon N, Pettorelli N. Active versus passive restoration: Forests in the southern Carpathian Mountains as a case study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 322:116003. [PMID: 36067667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Active and passive restoration are both increasingly considered as options for nature recovery, with potential to help address the current climate and biodiversity crises. So far, however, there is little practical information on how to gauge the benefits and limitations of each approach, in terms of their effects on large-scale ecosystem composition, structure, and functioning. To address this knowledge gap, this study used satellite remote sensing to investigate changes in land cover and primary productivity within the forests of the Făgăraș Mountains in southern Romania, where large-scale restoration and land abandonment have simultaneously taken place across the past two decades. To our knowledge, this study is the first to contrast the impacts of active and passive restoration within a single landscape on components of ecosystem structure and functioning at such temporal and spatial scales. Results show active restoration activities to be very effective at facilitating the recovery of cleared forests in small parts of the landscapes; but they also highlight substantial areas of natural forest expansion following agricultural abandonment, in line with regional trends. Altogether, our approach clearly illustrates how freely available satellite data can (1) provide vital spatially explicit insights about large-scale and long-term transformations in ecosystem composition, structure and functioning; and (2) help contrast the impacts of restoration approaches on vegetation distribution and dynamics, in ways that complement existing ground-based studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Hartup
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, NW1 4RY, London, UK; Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Nancy Ockendon
- Endangered Landscapes Programme, Cambridge Conservation Initiative, The David Attenborough Building, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, UK
| | - Nathalie Pettorelli
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, NW1 4RY, London, UK.
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Chen X, Wu Y, Zhu H, Wang H, Lu H, Zhang C, Li X, Xu Y, Li W, Wang Y. Turning over fermented grains elevating heap temperature and driving microbial community succession during the heap fermentation of sauce-flavor baijiu. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Wu-Chuang A, Obregon D, Estrada-Peña A, Cabezas-Cruz A. Thermostable Keystone Bacteria Maintain the Functional Diversity of the Ixodes scapularis Microbiome Under Heat Stress. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022; 84:1224-1235. [PMID: 34817640 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01929-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Variations in the composition and diversity of tick microbiome due to high temperatures may influence the hierarchy of community members as a response to environmental change. Modifications in the community structure are hypothesized to drive alterations in the presence and/or abundance of functional pathways in the bacterial metagenome. In this study, this hypothesis was tested by using published 16S rRNA datasets of Ixodes scapularis males incubated at different temperatures (i.e., 4, 20, 30, and 37 °C) in a laboratory setting. Changes in community structure and functional profiles in response to temperature shifts were measured using co-occurrence networks and metagenome inference. Results from laboratory-reared ticks were then compared with those of field-collected ticks. The results from laboratory-reared ticks showed that high temperature altered the structure of the microbial community and decreased the number of keystone taxa. Notably, four taxa were identified as keystone in all the temperatures, and the functional diversity of the tick microbiome was contained in the four thermostable keystone their associated bacterial taxa. Three of the thermostable keystone taxa were also found in free-living ticks collected in Massachusetts. Moreover, the comparison of functional profiles of laboratory-reared and field-collected ticks revealed the existence of an important set of metabolic pathways that were common among the different datasets. Similar to the laboratory-reared ticks, the keystone taxa identified in field-collected ticks alongside their consortia (co-occurring taxa) were sufficient to retain the majority of the metabolic pathways in the functional profile. These results suggest that keystone taxa are essential in the stability and the functional resiliency of the tick microbiome under heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Wu-Chuang
- Anses, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, UMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, Maisons-Alfort, F-94700, France
| | - Dasiel Obregon
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | | | - Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz
- Anses, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, UMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, Maisons-Alfort, F-94700, France.
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Mansoor S, Khan T, Farooq I, Shah LR, Sharma V, Sonne C, Rinklebe J, Ahmad P. Drought and global hunger: biotechnological interventions in sustainability and management. PLANTA 2022; 256:97. [PMID: 36219256 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-04006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Drought may be efficiently managed using the following strategies: prevention, mitigation, readiness, recovery, and transformation. Biotechnological interventions may become highly important in reducing plants' drought stress in order to address key plant challenges such as population growth and climate change. Drought is a multidimensional construct with several triggering mechanisms or contributing factors working at various spatiotemporal scales, making it one of the known natural catastrophes. Drought is among the causes of hunger and malnutrition, decreasing agricultural output, and poor nutrition. Many deaths caused in children are due to hunger situations, and one in four children face stunted growth. All this hunger and malnutrition may be responsible for the reduction in agricultural productivity caused due to the drought situations affecting food security. Global Hunger Index has been accelerating due to under-nutrition and under-5 deaths. Drought has been covering more than 20% of the world's agricultural areas, leading to significantly less food production than what is required for consumption. Drought reduces soil fertility and adversely affects soil biological activity reducing the inherent capacity of the soil to support vegetation. Recent droughts have had a much greater effect on people's lives, even beyond causing poverty and hunger. Drought may have substantial financial consequences across the globe it may cause a severe impact on the world economy. It is a natural feature of the environment that will appear and disappear as it has in history. Due to increasing temperatures and growing vulnerabilities, it will undoubtedly occur more often and seriously in the coming years. To ensure sustainable socio-economic and social development, it is critical to reducing the effects of potential droughts worldwide using different biotechnological interventions. It's part of a long-term growth plan, and forecasting is essential for early warnings and global hunger management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Mansoor
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher e Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Jammu, J&K, 180009, India
| | - Tamana Khan
- Division of Vegetable Science, Faculty of Horticulture, Sher e Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
| | - Iqra Farooq
- Division of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Sher e Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
| | - Labiba Riyaz Shah
- Division of Vegetable Science, Faculty of Horticulture, Sher e Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
| | - Vikas Sharma
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Sher e Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu, J&K, 180009, India
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Ecoscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir, 192301, India.
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45
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He M, Pan Y, Zhou G, Barry KE, Fu Y, Zhou X. Grazing and global change factors differentially affect biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships in grassland ecosystems. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:5492-5504. [PMID: 35737821 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Grazing and global change (e.g., warming, nitrogen deposition, and altered precipitation) both contribute to biodiversity loss and alter ecosystem structure and functioning. However, how grazing and global change interactively influence plant diversity and ecosystem productivity, and their relationship remains unclear at the global scale. Here, we synthesized 73 field studies to quantify the individual and/or interactive effects of grazing and global change factors on biodiversity-productivity relationship in grasslands. Our results showed that grazing significantly reduced plant richness by 3.7% and aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) by 29.1%, but increased belowground net primary productivity (BNPP) by 9.3%. Global change factors, however, decreased richness by 8.0% but increased ANPP and BNPP by 13.4% and 14.9%, respectively. Interestingly, the strength of the change in biodiversity in response to grazing was positively correlated with the strength of the change in BNPP. Yet, global change flipped these relationships from positive to negative even when combined with grazing. These results indicate that the impacts of global change factors are more dominant than grazing on the belowground biodiversity-productivity relationship, which is contrary to the pattern of aboveground one. Therefore, incorporating global change factors with herbivore grazing into Earth system models is necessary to accurately predict climate-grassland carbon cycle feedbacks in the Anthropocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao He
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Ecology and Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Institute of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yuhan Pan
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guiyao Zhou
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kathryn E Barry
- Ecology and Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Institute of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yuling Fu
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Northeast Asia Ecosystem Carbon Sink Research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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Qiu W, Kang J, Ding H, Sun R, Yang Z, Ge J. Aerobic composting of chicken manure with amoxicillin: Alpha diversity is closely related to lipid metabolism, and two-component systems mediating their relationship. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 360:127543. [PMID: 35777649 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Composting is a technology that can use various functional microorganisms to degrade antibiotics. However, antibiotics will cause a coercion for the growth of most microorganisms. Microorganism can survive different environments, thanks to the development of different adaptive responses. Often, two-component systems sense changes in the environment and trigger a cellular response and adaptation. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to explore how the two-component system modulates the corresponding metabolic functions to affect alpha diversity during composting. The results show that amoxicillin increases species diversity, reduces species richness. Lipid metabolism is an important metabolic pathway mediating changes in alpha diversity. Two-component system indirectly affects alpha diversity by regulating lipid metabolism. Firmicutes are important microbial communities mediating changes in alpha diversity This work presents an understanding of the impact of environmental information processing on microbial diversity, during composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qiu
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China; Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Jie Kang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China; Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Hao Ding
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China; Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China; Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Zhichao Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China; Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Jingping Ge
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China; Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
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Peng J, Ma F, Quan Q, Chen X, Wang J, Yan Y, Zhou Q, Niu S. Nitrogen enrichment alters climate sensitivity of biodiversity and productivity differentially and reverses the relationship between them in an alpine meadow. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 835:155418. [PMID: 35472341 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biodiversity and productivity that highly determine ecosystem services are varying largely under global change. However, the climate sensitivity of them and their relationship are not well understood, especially in the context of increasing nitrogen (N) deposition. Here, based on a six-year N manipulation experiment in an alpine meadow, we quantified interannual climate sensitivity of species richness (SR) and above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP) as well as SR-ANPP relationship as affected by six N addition rate (Nrate) gradients. We found that interannual variations in ANPP and SR were mainly driven by temperature instead of precipitation. In the plots without N addition, higher temperature substantially increased ANPP but reduced SR across years, thus resulting in a negative SR-ANPP relationship. However, the negative and positive responses of SR and ANPP to temperature increased and declined significantly with increasing Nrate, respectively, leading to a shift of the negative relationship between SR and ANPP into a positive one under high Nrate. Moreover, the adverse influence of drought on SR and ANPP would be aggravated by N fertilization, as indicated by the increased positive effect of precipitation on them under N enrichment. Our findings indicate that climate sensitivity of productivity and biodiversity may be misestimated if the impact of N deposition is not considered, and the importance of biodiversity to maintain productivity would enhance as N deposition increases. This study provides a new insight to explain variation of biodiversity-productivity relationship along with environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fangfang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Quan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinli Chen
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yingjie Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingping Zhou
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shuli Niu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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48
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Garcia FC, Warfield R, Yvon-Durocher G. Thermal traits govern the response of microbial community dynamics and ecosystem functioning to warming. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:906252. [PMID: 36060759 PMCID: PMC9428465 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.906252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the ecological processes that underpin the dynamics of community turnover in response to environmental change is critical to predicting how warming will influence ecosystem functioning. Here, we quantify the effect of changing temperature on community composition and ecosystem functioning via the action of ecological selection on population-level thermal traits. To achieve this, we use microbes isolated from a network of geothermal streams in Iceland where in situ temperatures span 8–38°C within a single catchment. We first quantified variability in thermal tolerance between taxa, and then assembled synthetic communities along a broad thermal gradient to explore how temperature-driven selection on thermal tolerance traits shaped the emergent community structures and functions. We found marked changes in community structure and composition with temperature, such that communities exposed to extreme temperatures (10, 35°C) had highly asymmetric biomass distributions and low taxonomic richness. Thermal optima were a good predictor of the presence and relative abundance of taxa in the high-temperature treatments. We also found that the evenness of the abundance distribution was related to ecosystem production, such that communities with more equitable abundance distribution were also the most productive. Our results highlight the utility of using a multi-level approach that links population-level traits with community structure and ecosystem functioning to better understand how ecological communities will respond to global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca C. Garcia
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, United Kingdom
- Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Francisca C. Garcia,
| | - Ruth Warfield
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel Yvon-Durocher
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, United Kingdom
- Gabriel Yvon-Durocher,
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Mira P, Lozano‐Huntelman N, Johnson A, Savage VM, Yeh P. Evolution of antibiotic resistance impacts optimal temperature and growth rate in
Escherichia coli
and
Staphylococcus epidermidis. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:2655-2667. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.15736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Portia Mira
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles U.S.A
| | | | - Adrienne Johnson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles U.S.A
| | - Van M. Savage
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles U.S.A
- Department of Computational Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles U.S.A
- Santa Fe Institute Santa Fe New Mexico U.S.A
| | - Pamela Yeh
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles U.S.A
- Santa Fe Institute Santa Fe New Mexico U.S.A
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50
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Elevation dependence of climate effects on ecosystem multifunctionality states over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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