1
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Wang S, Mandal M, Zhang H, Breiby DW, Yildiz O, Ling Z, Floudas G, Bonn M, Andrienko D, Wang HI, Blom PWM, Pisula W, Marszalek T. Odd-Even Alkyl Chain Effects on the Structure and Charge Carrier Transport of Two-Dimensional Sn-Based Perovskite Semiconductors. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:19128-19136. [PMID: 38953716 PMCID: PMC11258789 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Oscillations in the chemical or physical properties of materials, composed of an odd or even number of connected repeating methylene units, are a well-known phenomenon in organic chemistry and materials science. So far, such behavior has not been reported for the important class of materials, perovskite semiconductors. This work reports a distinct odd-even oscillation of the molecular structure and charge carrier transport properties of phenylalkylammonium two-dimensional (2D) Sn-based perovskites in which the alkyl chains in the phenylalkylammonium cations contain varying odd and even carbon numbers. Density functional theory calculations and grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering characterization reveal that perovskites with organic ligands containing an alkyl chain with an odd number of carbon atoms display a disordered crystal lattice and tilted inorganic octahedra accompanied by reduced mobilities. In contrast, perovskites with cations of an even number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chain form more ordered crystal structures, resulting in improved charge carrier mobilities. Our findings disclose the importance of minor changes in the molecular conformation of organic cations have an effect on morphology, photophysical properties, and charge carrier transport of 2D layered perovskites, showcasing alkyl chain engineering of organic cations to control key properties, of layered perovskite semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglong Wang
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Mukunda Mandal
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Heng Zhang
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Dag W. Breiby
- Department
of Physics, Norwegian University of Science
and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Okan Yildiz
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Zhitian Ling
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Department
of Physics, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, Ioannina 451 10, Greece
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Denis Andrienko
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Hai I. Wang
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Nanophotonics,
Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, CC Utrecht 3584, The Netherlands
| | - Paul W. M. Blom
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Wojciech Pisula
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Department
of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, Lodz 90-924, Poland
| | - Tomasz Marszalek
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Department
of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, Lodz 90-924, Poland
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2
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Li H, Zhao Y, Lu J, Feng J, Zhao J, Lin K, Feng W, Jiang L, Wei Z, Du Z, Wu Y. Phase Engineering Reinforced Energy Transfer for High-Performance Blue Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308616. [PMID: 38308333 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Layered metal-halide perovskites, a category of self-assembled quantum wells, are of paramount importance in emerging photonic sources, such as lasers and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Despite high trap density in two-dimensional (2D) perovskites, efficient non-radiative energy funneling from wide- to narrow-bandgap components, sustained by the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism, contributes to efficient luminescence by light or electrical injection. Herein, it is demonstrated that bandgap extension of layered perovskites to the blue-emitting regime will cause sluggish and inefficient FRET, stemming from the tiny spectral overlap between different phases. Motivated by the importance of blue LEDs and inefficient energy transfer in materials with phase polydispersity, wide-bandgap quasi-2D perovskites with narrow phase distribution, improved crystallinity, and the pure crystal orientation perpendicular to the charge transport layer are developed. Based on this emitter, high-performance blue perovskite LEDs with improved electroluminescence (EL) external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 7.9% at 478 nm, a narrow full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 22 nm and a more stable EL spectra are achieved. These results provide an important insight into spectrally stable and efficient blue emitters and EL devices based on perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jianxun Lu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Jiangang Feng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Jiahui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Kebin Lin
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Feng
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhanhua Wei
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Zuliang Du
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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3
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Saadatmand SB, Shokouhi S, Ahmadi V, Hamidi SM. Metastructure Engineering with Ruddlesden-Popper 2D Perovskites: Stability, Flexibility, and Quality Factor Trade-Offs. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:24925-24932. [PMID: 38882104 PMCID: PMC11170743 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the opto-electro-mechanical properties, thermodynamic stability, and moisture stability of the Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) two-dimensional perovskites of L2PbI4 (L = PEA, FPEA, BA, and BZA) using density functional theory. The goal is to explore their potential application in metastructures. The results show that the stability of FPEA2PbI4 is better than that of PEA2PbI4, BA2PbI4, and BZA2PbI4 due to the replacement of a hydrogen atom with a fluorine atom. On the other hand, BA2PbI4 is more flexible than other materials because it lacks an aromatic ring in its spacer cation, but it is less stable. We introduce a new kind of metastructure composed of an RP perovskite film and conduct an extensive investigation of the quasi-bound states in the continuum (q-BIC) characteristics by near-field analysis and multipole decomposition calculations. The q-BIC resonances in BZA2PBI4 have a greater quality factor due to its larger refractive index in comparison to other materials. Therefore, based on these results, the perovskite materials can be selected for the metastructures from different aspects of stability, flexibility, and refractive index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Bita Saadatmand
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-194, Iran
| | - Samad Shokouhi
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-194, Iran
| | - Vahid Ahmadi
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-194, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Mehri Hamidi
- Magneto-plasmonic Lab, Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 14115-194, Iran
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4
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Dalmedico JF, Silveira DN, O de Araujo L, Wenzel W, Rêgo CRC, Dias AC, Guedes-Sobrinho D, Piotrowski MJ. Tuning Electronic and Structural Properties of Lead-Free Metal Halide Perovskites: A Comparative Study of 2D Ruddlesden-Popper and 3D Compositions. Chemphyschem 2024:e202400118. [PMID: 38742372 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, two-dimensional (2D) perovskites have emerged as promising semiconductors for next-generation photovoltaics, showing notable advancements in solar energy conversion. Herein, we explore the impact of alternative inorganic lattice BX-based compositions (B=Ge or Sn, X=Br or I) on the energy gap and stability. Our investigation encompasses BA2Man-1BnX3n+1 2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites (for n=1-5 layers) and 3D bulk (MA)BX3 systems, employing first-principles calculations with spin-orbit coupling (SOC), DFT-1/2 quasiparticle, and D3 dispersion corrections. The study unveils how atoms with smaller ionic radii induce anisotropic internal and external distortions within the inorganic and organic lattices. Introducing the spacers in the low-layer regime reduces local distortions but widens band gaps. Our calculation protocol provides deeper insights into the physics and chemistry underlying 2D perovskite materials, paving the way for optimizing environmentally friendly alternatives that can efficiently replace with sustainable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Dalmedico
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Pelotas, PO Box 354, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - D N Silveira
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - L O de Araujo
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - W Wenzel
- Institute of Nanotechnology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - C R C Rêgo
- Institute of Nanotechnology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A C Dias
- Institute of Physics and International Center of Physics, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70919-970, Brazil
| | - D Guedes-Sobrinho
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Maurício J Piotrowski
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Pelotas, PO Box 354, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil
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5
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Tan X, Feng Q, Nan G. Organic cations promote exciton dissociation in Ruddlesden-Popper lead iodide perovskites: a theoretical study. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:2248-2257. [PMID: 38436053 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01773g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites (RPPs) are a class of quantum well (QW) materials showing large exciton binding energy owing to quantum confinement. The existence of localized edge states was proposed to accelerate exciton dissociation into long-lived charge carriers in 2D RPPs, but recent experimental reports suggested that highly efficient internal exciton dissociation is achievable in 2D RPPs despite the absence of edge states. Herein, we adopt first-principles calculations to unveil the physical origin of the high internal quantum efficiency in the bulk region of widely familiar (BA)2(MA)n-1PbnI3n+1 (BA = butylammonium; MA = methylammonium) materials. We discover that the dipolar nature of MA cations provides the driving force for the separation of photoexcited electron-hole pairs inside QWs as the inorganic layer thickens from n = 1 to n = 3. Concurrently, electronic coupling between organic spacer layers and QWs is enhanced in the energetically favorable configurations where MA cations orient with their CH3 groups towards the exterior PbI2 layers of QWs in the n = 3 structure. Consequently, hole delocalization is promoted along the out-of-plane direction of QWs, which in turn facilitates exciton dissociation into free charge carriers despite large exciton binding energy. Our simulations reveal that the hydrogen bonding between organic species (including both MA and BA cations) and iodine atoms, which is subtly interconnected, engineers the response of morphology in QWs and electronic interactions at organic-inorganic interfaces, providing novel insights for the exciton-free carrier behavior in the bulk area of 2D RPPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Tan
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, P. R. China.
| | - Qingjie Feng
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, P. R. China.
| | - Guangjun Nan
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, P. R. China.
- Zhejiang Institute of Photoelectronics & Zhejiang Institute for Advanced Light Source, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, P. R. China
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6
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Li D, Xing Z, Wang Y, Li J, Hu B, Hu X, Hu T, Chen Y. Regulating Charge Transport Dynamics at the Buried Interface and Bulk of Perovskites by Tailored-phase Two-dimensional Crystal Seed Layer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400708. [PMID: 38438333 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Targeting the trap-assisted non-radiative recombination losses and photochemical degradation occurring at the interface and bulk of perovskite, especially the overlooked buried bottom interface, a strategy of tailored-phase two-dimensional (TP-2D) crystal seed layer has been developed to improve the charge transport dynamics at the buried interface and bulk of perovskite films. Using this approach, TP-2D layer constructed by TP-2D crystal seeds at the buried interface can induce the formation of homogeneous interface electric field, which effectively suppress the accumulation of charge carriers at the buried interface. Additionally, the presence of TP-2D crystal seed has a positive effect on the crystallization process of the upper perovskite film, leading to optimized crystal quality and thus promoted charge transport inside bulk perovskites. Ultimately, the best performing PSCs based on TP-2D layer deliver a power conversion efficiency of 24.58 %. The devices exhibit an improved photostability with 88.4 % of their initial PCEs being retained after aging under continuous 0.8-sun illumination for 2000 h in air. Our findings reveal how to regulate the charge transport dynamics of perovskite bulk and interface by introducing homogeneous components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengxue Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering |, Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC)/, Film Energy Chemistry for Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory (FEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, 330031, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhi Xing
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering |, Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC)/, Film Energy Chemistry for Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory (FEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, 330031, Nanchang, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, School of Physics and Materials Science, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, 330031, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianlin Li
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, School of Physics and Materials Science, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, 330031, Nanchang, China
| | - Biao Hu
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, School of Physics and Materials Science, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, 330031, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaotian Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering |, Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC)/, Film Energy Chemistry for Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory (FEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, 330031, Nanchang, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, 226010, Nantong, China
| | - Ting Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering |, Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC)/, Film Energy Chemistry for Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory (FEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, 330031, Nanchang, China
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, School of Physics and Materials Science, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, 330031, Nanchang, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, 226010, Nantong, China
| | - Yiwang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering |, Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC)/, Film Energy Chemistry for Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory (FEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, 330031, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, 330022, Nanchang, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, 226010, Nantong, China
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7
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Zhumekenov AA, Li Y, Zhou Y, Yantara N, Kanwat A, Febriansyah B, Tay DJJ, Abuzeid HR, Tay YB, Miftahullatif EB, Hippalgaonkar K, Pullarkat SA, Yin J, Mathews N. Solvent-Templated Methylammonium-Based Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskites with Short Interlayer Distances. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6706-6720. [PMID: 38421812 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) halide perovskites are exquisite semiconductors with great structural tunability. They can incorporate a rich variety of organic species that not only template their layered structures but also add new functionalities to their optoelectronic characteristics. Here, we present a series of new methylammonium (CH3NH3+ or MA)-based 2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites templated by dimethyl carbonate (CH3OCOOCH3 or DMC) solvent molecules. We report the synthesis, detailed structural analysis, and characterization of four new compounds: MA2(DMC)PbI4 (n = 1), MA3(DMC)Pb2I7 (n = 2), MA4(DMC)Pb3I10 (n = 3), and MA3(DMC)Pb2Br7 (n = 2). Notably, these compounds represent unique structures with MA as the sole organic cation both within and between the perovskite sheets, while DMC molecules occupy a tight space between the MA cations in the interlayer. They form hydrogen-bonded [MA···DMC···MA]2+ complexes that act as spacers, preventing the perovskite sheets from condensing into each other. We report one of the shortest interlayer distances (∼5.7-5.9 Å) in solvent-incorporated 2D halide perovskites. Furthermore, the synthesized crystals exhibit similar optical characteristics to other 2D perovskite systems, including narrow photoluminescence (PL) signals. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm their direct-band-gap nature. Meanwhile, the phase stability of these systems was found to correlate with the H-bond distances and their strengths, decreasing in the order MA3(DMC)Pb2I7 > MA4(DMC)Pb3I10 > MA2(DMC)PbI4 ∼ MA3(DMC)Pb2Br7. The relatively loosely bound nature of DMC molecules enables us to design a thermochromic cell that can withstand 25 cycles of switching between two colored states. This work exemplifies the unconventional role of the noncharged solvent molecule in templating the 2D perovskite structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan A Zhumekenov
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Yongxin Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology (CCEB), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Yifan Zhou
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Natalia Yantara
- Energy Research Institute at Nanyang Technological University (ERI@N), Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block Level 5, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553
| | - Anil Kanwat
- Energy Research Institute at Nanyang Technological University (ERI@N), Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block Level 5, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553
| | - Benny Febriansyah
- Energy Research Institute at Nanyang Technological University (ERI@N), Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block Level 5, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553
| | - Darrell Jun Jie Tay
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School (IGS), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Hesham R Abuzeid
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Yeow Boon Tay
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Emha Bayu Miftahullatif
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Kedar Hippalgaonkar
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Sumod A Pullarkat
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology (CCEB), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nripan Mathews
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
- Energy Research Institute at Nanyang Technological University (ERI@N), Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block Level 5, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553
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8
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Li Z, Lin Y, Gu H, Zhang N, Wang B, Cai H, Liao J, Yu D, Chen Y, Fang G, Liang C, Yang S, Xing G. Large-n quasi-phase-pure two-dimensional halide perovskite: A toolbox from materials to devices. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:382-418. [PMID: 38105163 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite their excellent environmental stability, low defect density, and high carrier mobility, large-n quasi-two-dimensional halide perovskites (quasi-2DHPs) feature a limited application scope because of the formation of self-assembled multiple quantum wells (QWs) due to the similar thermal stabilities of large-n phases. However, large-n quasi-phase-pure 2DHPs (quasi-PP-2DHPs) can solve this problem perfectly. This review discusses the structures, formation mechanisms, and photoelectronic and physical properties of quasi-PP-2DHPs, summarises the corresponding single crystals, thin films, and heterojunction preparation methods, and presents the related advances. Moreover, we focus on applications of large-n quasi-PP-2DHPs in solar cells, photodetectors, lasers, light-emitting diodes, and field-effect transistors, discuss the challenges and prospects of these emerging photoelectronic materials, and review the potential technological developments in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijia Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yuexin Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hao Gu
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Bin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hairui Cai
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jinfeng Liao
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China
| | - Dejian Yu
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China
| | - Yiwang Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Guojia Fang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chao Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Shengchun Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Guichuan Xing
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China.
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9
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Nayab F, Aamir M, Khan ME, Wali Q, Sher M, Khurshid H, Akhtar J. Color-tunable stable quasi-2D hybrid metal halide perovskites: synthesis, characterization, and optical analysis. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:6058-6067. [PMID: 38295376 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05563a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites show remarkable optical properties and useful applications in optoelectronic devices. However, the instability of three-dimensional (3D) metal halide perovskites limits their applications, leading to the emergence of more stable two-dimensional (2D) metal halide perovskites. Herein, we present a facile synthesis of the 2D hybrid metal halide perovskite (EDA)(MA)n-1PbnBr3n+1 (EDA: ethylene diammonium, MA: methylammonium), where n = 1-6, and MAPbBr3 perovskite layers using an anti-solvent co-precipitation technique. The synthesized materials exhibited tunable optical properties, and the color emissions of pure EDAPbBr4 and (EDA)(MA)2Pb3Br10 perovskites were successfully tailored by altering halide anion layers. The band gap decreases as the value of n in the (EDA)(MA)n-1PbnBr3n+1 compound increases from 1 to 6. The as-prepared materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). Finally, the stability of the 2D hybrid metal halide perovskite structures was evaluated under ambient conditions over different periods. Their tunable color emission was investigated and robust fluorescence was observed after 55 days. Thus, this study provides valuable insights into the synthesis and characterization of 2D hybrid metal halide perovskites for tunable color emission, highlighting their potential for use in various optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farva Nayab
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur-10250, AJK, Pakistan.
- Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, H-8, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Aamir
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur-10250, AJK, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ejaz Khan
- Department of Computer Engineering, National University of Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Qamar Wali
- NUTECH School of Applied Sciences & Humanities, National University of Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Sher
- Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, H-8, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Hafsa Khurshid
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur-10250, AJK, Pakistan.
| | - Javeed Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur-10250, AJK, Pakistan.
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10
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Li B, Xu J, Kocoj CA, Li S, Li Y, Chen D, Zhang S, Dou L, Guo P. Dual-Hyperspectral Optical Pump-Probe Microscopy with Single-Nanosecond Time Resolution. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2187-2195. [PMID: 38216555 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, optical pump-probe microscopy (PPM) has become a vital technique for spatiotemporally imaging electronic excitations and charge-carrier transport in metals and semiconductors. However, existing methods are limited by mechanical delay lines with a probe time window up to several nanoseconds (ns) or monochromatic pump and probe sources with restricted spectral coverage and temporal resolution, hindering their amenability in studying relatively slow processes. To bridge these gaps, we introduce a dual-hyperspectral PPM setup with a time window spanning from nanoseconds to milliseconds and single-nanosecond resolution. Our method features a wide-field probe tunable from 370 to 1000 nm and a pump spanning from 330 nm to 16 μm. We apply this PPM technique to study various two-dimensional metal-halide perovskites (2D-MHPs) as representative semiconductors by imaging their transient responses near the exciton resonances under both above-band gap electronic pump excitation and below-band gap vibrational pump excitation. The resulting spatially and temporally resolved images reveal insights into heat dissipation, film uniformity, distribution of impurity phases, and film-substrate interfaces. In addition, the single-nanosecond temporal resolution enables the imaging of in-plane strain wave propagation in 2D-MHP single crystals. Our method, which offers extensive spectral tunability and significantly improved time resolution, opens new possibilities for the imaging of charge carriers, heat, and transient phase transformation processes, particularly in materials with spatially varying composition, strain, crystalline structure, and interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Li
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Joy Xu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Conrad A Kocoj
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Shunran Li
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Du Chen
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Shuchen Zhang
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| | - Letian Dou
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| | - Peijun Guo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
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11
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Morais EA, Caturello NAMS, Lemes MA, Ferreira H, Ferreira FF, Acuña JJS, Brochsztain S, Dalpian GM, Souza JA. Rashba Spin Splitting Limiting the Application of 2D Halide Perovskites for UV-Emitting Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:4261-4270. [PMID: 38217498 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Layered lead halide perovskites have attracted much attention as promising materials for a new generation of optoelectronic devices. To make progress in applications, a full understanding of the basic properties is essential. Here, we study 2D-layered (BA)2PbX4 by using different halide anions (X = I, Br, and Cl) along with quantum confinement. The obtained cell parameter evolution, supported by experimental measurements and theoretical calculations, indicates strong lattice distortions of the metal halide octahedra, breaking the local inversion symmetry in (BA)2PbCl4, which strongly correlates with a pronounced Rashba spin-splitting effect. Optical measurements reveal strong photoluminescence quenching and a drastic reduction in the PL quantum yield in this larger band gap compound. We suggest that these optical results are closely related to the appearance of the Rashba effect due to the existence of a local electric dipole. The results obtained in ab initio calculations showed that the (BA)2PbCl4 possesses electrical polarization of 0.13 μC/cm2 and spin-splitting energy of about 40 meV. Our work establishes that local octahedra distortions induce Rashba spin splitting, which explains why obtaining UV-emitting materials with high PLQY is a big challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane A Morais
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Naidel A M S Caturello
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Maykon A Lemes
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Henrique Ferreira
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Fabio F Ferreira
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Jose J S Acuña
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Sergio Brochsztain
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Gustavo M Dalpian
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP 09210-580, Brazil
- Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Jose A Souza
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP 09210-580, Brazil
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12
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Chen P, He D, Huang X, Zhang C, Wang L. Bilayer 2D-3D Perovskite Heterostructures for Efficient and Stable Solar Cells. ACS NANO 2024; 18:67-88. [PMID: 38131195 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
With a stacking-layered architecture, the bilayer two-dimensional-three-dimensional (2D-3D) perovskite heterostructure (PHS) not only eliminates surface defects but also protects the 3D perovskite matrix from external stimuli. However, these bilayer 2D-3D PHSs suffer from impaired interfacial charge carrier transport due to the relatively insulating 2D perovskite fragments with a random phase distribution. Over the past decade, substantial efforts have been devoted to pioneering molecular and structural designs of the 2D perovskite interlayers for improving their charge carrier mobility, which enables state-of-the-art perovskite solar cells with high power conversion efficiency and exceptional operational stability. Herein, this review offers a comprehensive and up-to-date overview on the recent progress of bilayer 2D-3D PHSs, encompassing advancements on spacer cation engineering, interfacial charge carrier modification, advanced deposition protocols, and characterization techniques. Then, the evolutionary trajectory of bilayer 2D-3D PHSs is outlined by summarizing its mainstream development trends, followed by a perspective discussion about its future research opportunities toward efficient and durable perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Dongxu He
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Xia Huang
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Chengxi Zhang
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Lianzhou Wang
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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13
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Forde A, Tretiak S, Neukirch AJ. Dielectric Screening and Charge-Transfer in 2D Lead-Halide Perovskites for Reduced Exciton Binding Energies. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11586-11592. [PMID: 38065566 PMCID: PMC10755747 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Layered lead-halide perovskites have shown tremendous success as an active material for optoelectronics. This is attributed to the electronic structure of the inorganic sublattice and large exciton binding energies due to quantum and dielectric confinement. Expanding functionalities for applications that depend on free-carrier generation requires new material design routes to decrease the binding energy. Here we use electronic structure methods with model Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) to examine the contributions of the dielectric screening and charge-transfer excited-states to the exciton binding energy of phenylethylammonium (PEA2PbBr4) and naphthlethylammonium (NEA2PbBr4) lead-bromide perovskites. Our model BSE calculations show that NEA introduces hole acceptor states which impose charge-transfer character on the exciton along with larger dielectric screening. This substantially decreases the exciton binding compared to PEA. This result suggests the use of organic cations with high dielectric screening and hole acceptor states as a viable strategy for reducing exciton binding energies in two-dimensional halide perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Forde
- Theoretical
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center
for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National
Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center
for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos
National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Amanda J. Neukirch
- Theoretical
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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14
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Kempf MA, Moser P, Tomoscheit M, Schröer J, Blancon JC, Schwartz R, Deb S, Mohite A, Stier AV, Finley JJ, Korn T. Rapid Spin Depolarization in the Layered 2D Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskite (BA)(MA)PbI. ACS NANO 2023; 17:25459-25467. [PMID: 38095325 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
We report temperature-dependent spectroscopy on the layered (n = 4) two-dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite (BA)(MA)PbI. Helicity-resolved steady-state photoluminescence (PL) reveals no optical degree of polarization. Time-resolved PL shows a photocarrier lifetime on the order of nanoseconds. From simultaneously recorded time-resolved differential reflectivity (TRΔR) and time-resolved Kerr ellipticity (TRKE), a photocarrier lifetime of a few nanoseconds and a spin relaxation time on the order of picoseconds was found. This stark contrast in lifetimes clearly explains the lack of spin polarization in steady-state PL. While we observe clear temperature-dependent effects on the PL dynamics that can be related to structural dynamics, spin relaxation is nearly T-independent. Our results highlight that spin relaxation in 2D (BA)(MA)PbI occurs at time scales faster than the exciton recombination time, which poses a bottleneck for applications aiming to utilize this degree of freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Philipp Moser
- Walter Schottky Institute, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | | | - Julian Schröer
- Institute of Physics, Rostock University, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jean-Christophe Blancon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, Texas 77005-1827, United States
| | - Rico Schwartz
- Institute of Physics, Rostock University, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Swarup Deb
- Institute of Physics, Rostock University, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Aditya Mohite
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, Texas 77005-1827, United States
| | - Andreas V Stier
- Walter Schottky Institute, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Jonathan J Finley
- Walter Schottky Institute, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Tobias Korn
- Institute of Physics, Rostock University, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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15
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Arendse CJ, Burns R, Beckwitt D, Babaian D, Klue S, Stalla D, Karapetrova E, Miceli PF, Guha S. Insights into the Growth Orientation and Phase Stability of Chemical-Vapor-Deposited Two-Dimensional Hybrid Halide Perovskite Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:59055-59065. [PMID: 38055639 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) offers a large-area, scalable, and conformal growth of perovskite thin films without the use of solvents. Low-dimensional organic-inorganic halide perovskites, with alternating layers of organic spacer groups and inorganic perovskite layers, are promising for enhancing the stability of optoelectronic devices. Moreover, their multiple quantum-well structures provide a powerful platform for tuning excitonic physics. In this work, we show that the CVD process is conducive to the growth of 2D hybrid halide perovskite films. Using butylammonium (BA) and phenylethylammonium (PEA) cations, the growth parameters of BA2PbI4 and PEA2PbI4 and mixed halide perovskite films were first optimized. These films are characterized by well-defined grain boundaries and display characteristic absorption and emission features of the 2D quantum wells. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a noninteger dimensionality model of the absorption spectrum provide insights into the orientation of the crystalline planes. Unlike BA2PbI4, temperature-dependent photoluminescence measurements from PEA2PbI4 show a single excitonic peak throughout the temperature range from 20 to 350 K, highlighting the lack of defect states. These results further corroborate the temperature-dependent synchrotron-based XRD results. Furthermore, the nonlinear optical properties of the CVD-grown perovskite films are investigated, and a high third harmonic generation efficiency is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Arendse
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Randy Burns
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - David Beckwitt
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Dallar Babaian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Stephen Klue
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - David Stalla
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Evguenia Karapetrova
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Paul F Miceli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Suchismita Guha
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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16
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Saadatmand SB, Shokouhi S, Ahmadi V, Hamidi SM. Design and analysis of a flexible Ruddlesden-Popper 2D perovskite metastructure based on symmetry-protected THz-bound states in the continuum. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22411. [PMID: 38104133 PMCID: PMC10725462 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49224-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A Ruddlesden-Popper 2D perovskite PEA2PbX4 (X = I, Br, and Cl) is proposed for metasurface applications. Density functional theory is used to analyze the optical, electrical, mechanical properties, moisture and thermodynamic stability of PEA2PbX4. The refractive index of PEA2PbX4 varies with the halides, resulting in 2.131, 1.901, and 1.842 for X = I, Br, and Cl, respectively. Mechanical properties with Voigt-Reuss-Hill approximations indicate that all three materials are flexible and ductile. Based on the calculations of formation energy and adsorption of water molecules, PEA2PbI4 has superior thermodynamic and moisture stability. We present a novel metasurface based on 2D-PEA2PbI4 and analyze symmetry protected-bound states in the continuum (sp-BIC) excitation. The proposed structure can excite multiple Fano quasi-BICs (q-BICs) with exceptionally high Q-factors. We verify the group theoretical analysis and explore the near-field distribution and far-field scattering of q-BICs. The findings indicate that x-polarized incident waves can excite magnetic toroidal dipole-electromagnetic-induced transparency-BIC and magnetic quadrupole-BIC, while y-polarized incident waves can excite electric toroidal dipole-BIC and electric quadrupole-BIC. The influence of meta-atom and substrate losses, array size limitations, and fabrication tolerances are also discussed. The proposed structure can be employed for applications in the THz region, such as polarization-dependent filters, bidirectional optical switches, and wearable photonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samad Shokouhi
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Ahmadi
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyedeh Mehri Hamidi
- Magneto-Plasmonic Lab, Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Peng S, Yang Z, Sun M, Yu L, Li Y. Stabilizing Metal Halide Perovskites for Solar Fuel Production: Challenges, Solutions, and Future Prospects. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304711. [PMID: 37548095 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) are emerging photocatalyst materials that can enable sustainable solar-to-chemical energy conversion by virtue of their broad absorption spectra, effective separation/transport of photogenerated carriers, and solution processability. Although preliminary studies show the excellent photocatalytic activities of MHPs, their intrinsic structural instability due to the low formation energy and soft ionic nature is an open challenge for their practical applications. This review discusses the latest understanding of the stability issue and strategies to overcome this issue for MHP-based photocatalysis. First, the origin of the instability issue at atomic levels and the design rules for robust structures are analyzed and elucidated. This is then followed by presenting several different material design strategies for stability enhancement, including reaction medium modification, material surface protection, structural dimensionality engineering, and chemical composition engineering. Emphases are placed on understanding the effects of these strategies on photocatalytic stability as well as the possible structure-performance correlation. Finally, the possible future research directions for pursuing stable and efficient MHP photocatalysts in order to accelerate their technological maturity on a practical scale are outlined. With that, it is hoped to provide readers a valuable snapshot of this rapidly developing and exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaomin Peng
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, China
- Key Laboratory of Clean Chemistry Technology of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhuoying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Clean Chemistry Technology of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ming Sun
- Key Laboratory of Clean Chemistry Technology of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lin Yu
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, China
- Key Laboratory of Clean Chemistry Technology of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yanguang Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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18
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Xian Y, Wang X, Yan Y. Mechanism of the Anomalous Dependence between Spin-Orbit Coupling and Dimensionality in Lead Halide Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:8811-8819. [PMID: 37750760 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effect of lead (Pb) atoms is a consequential attribute of the unique optoelectronic and defect properties of lead halide perovskites (LHPs). It has been found that the SOC effect varies significantly as the structural dimensionality changes with an anomalous dependence; i.e., while the SOC strength monotonically decreases as structural dimensionality decreases from three-dimensional (3D) to two-dimensional (2D) and then to one-dimensional (1D), the zero-dimensional (0D) SOC strength is greater than the 1D SOC strength. The underlying mechanism of such a SOC dimensionality dependence anomaly remains elusive. In this work, we show that Pb 6p energy splitting increases from 3D to 2D and to 1D LHPs due to the increased degree of distortion, leading to a reduced SOC strength. However, the degree of distortion decreases for the 1D to 0D transformation, resulting in reverse SOC enhancement. The mechanism described in this work can be employed to regulate the SOC effect in the design of perovskite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeming Xian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Yanfa Yan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
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19
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Metcalf I, Sidhik S, Zhang H, Agrawal A, Persaud J, Hou J, Even J, Mohite AD. Synergy of 3D and 2D Perovskites for Durable, Efficient Solar Cells and Beyond. Chem Rev 2023; 123:9565-9652. [PMID: 37428563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites have emerged in the past few years as a promising material for low-cost, high-efficiency optoelectronic devices. Spurred by this recent interest, several subclasses of halide perovskites such as two-dimensional (2D) halide perovskites have begun to play a significant role in advancing the fundamental understanding of the structural, chemical, and physical properties of halide perovskites, which are technologically relevant. While the chemistry of these 2D materials is similar to that of the 3D halide perovskites, their layered structure with a hybrid organic-inorganic interface induces new emergent properties that can significantly or sometimes subtly be important. Synergistic properties can be realized in systems that combine different materials exhibiting different dimensionalities by exploiting their intrinsic compatibility. In many cases, the weaknesses of each material can be alleviated in heteroarchitectures. For example, 3D-2D halide perovskites can demonstrate novel behavior that neither material would be capable of separately. This review describes how the structural differences between 3D halide perovskites and 2D halide perovskites give rise to their disparate materials properties, discusses strategies for realizing mixed-dimensional systems of various architectures through solution-processing techniques, and presents a comprehensive outlook for the use of 3D-2D systems in solar cells. Finally, we investigate applications of 3D-2D systems beyond photovoltaics and offer our perspective on mixed-dimensional perovskite systems as semiconductor materials with unrivaled tunability, efficiency, and technologically relevant durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Metcalf
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Siraj Sidhik
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Ayush Agrawal
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jessica Persaud
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jin Hou
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jacky Even
- Université de Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON - UMR 6082, 35708 Rennes, France
| | - Aditya D Mohite
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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20
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Xi J, Jiang J, Duim H, Chen L, You J, Portale G, Liu SF, Tao S, Loi MA. On the Mechanism of Solvents Catalyzed Structural Transformation in Metal Halide Perovskites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302896. [PMID: 37306654 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites show the capability of performing structural transformation, allowing the formation of functional heterostructures. Unfortunately, the elusive mechanism governing these transformations limits their technological application. Herein, the mechanism of 2D-3D structural transformation is unraveled as catalyzed by solvents. By combining a spatial-temporal cation interdiffusivity simulation with experimental findings, it is validated that, protic solvents foster the dissociation degree of formadinium iodide (FAI) via dynamic hydrogen bond, then the stronger hydrogen bond of phenylethylamine (PEA) cation with selected solvents compared to dissociated FA cation facilitates 2D-3D transformation from (PEA)2 PbI4 to FAPbI3 . It is discovered that, the energy barrier of PEA out-diffusion and the lateral transition barrier of inorganic slab are diminished. For 2D films the protic solvents catalyze grain centers (GCs) and grain boundaries (GBs) transforme into 3D phases and quasi-2D phases, respectively. While in the solvent-free case, GCs transform into 3D-2D heterostructures along the direction perpendicular to the substrate, and most GBs evolve into 3D phases. Finally, memristor devices fabricated using the transformed films uncover that, GBs composed of 3D phases are more prone to ion migration. This work elucidates the fundamental mechanism of structural transformation in metal halide perovskites, allowing their use to fabricate complex heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xi
- Photophysics and OptoElectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Junke Jiang
- Materials Simulation & Modelling, Department of Applied Physics and Center for Computational Energy Research, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Center for Computational Energy Research, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Herman Duim
- Photophysics and OptoElectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Lijun Chen
- Photophysics and OptoElectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Jiaxue You
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Giuseppe Portale
- Physical Chemistry of Polymeric and Nanostructured Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Shengzhong Frank Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Shuxia Tao
- Materials Simulation & Modelling, Department of Applied Physics and Center for Computational Energy Research, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Center for Computational Energy Research, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Antonietta Loi
- Photophysics and OptoElectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
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21
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Nguyen HA, Dixon G, Dou FY, Gallagher S, Gibbs S, Ladd DM, Marino E, Ondry JC, Shanahan JP, Vasileiadou ES, Barlow S, Gamelin DR, Ginger DS, Jonas DM, Kanatzidis MG, Marder SR, Morton D, Murray CB, Owen JS, Talapin DV, Toney MF, Cossairt BM. Design Rules for Obtaining Narrow Luminescence from Semiconductors Made in Solution. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37311205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Solution-processed semiconductors are in demand for present and next-generation optoelectronic technologies ranging from displays to quantum light sources because of their scalability and ease of integration into devices with diverse form factors. One of the central requirements for semiconductors used in these applications is a narrow photoluminescence (PL) line width. Narrow emission line widths are needed to ensure both color and single-photon purity, raising the question of what design rules are needed to obtain narrow emission from semiconductors made in solution. In this review, we first examine the requirements for colloidal emitters for a variety of applications including light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, lasers, and quantum information science. Next, we will delve into the sources of spectral broadening, including "homogeneous" broadening from dynamical broadening mechanisms in single-particle spectra, heterogeneous broadening from static structural differences in ensemble spectra, and spectral diffusion. Then, we compare the current state of the art in terms of emission line width for a variety of colloidal materials including II-VI quantum dots (QDs) and nanoplatelets, III-V QDs, alloyed QDs, metal-halide perovskites including nanocrystals and 2D structures, doped nanocrystals, and, finally, as a point of comparison, organic molecules. We end with some conclusions and connections, including an outline of promising paths forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao A Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Grant Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Florence Y Dou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Shaun Gallagher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Stephen Gibbs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Dylan M Ladd
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Emanuele Marino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 36, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Justin C Ondry
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute, and Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - James P Shanahan
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Eugenia S Vasileiadou
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Stephen Barlow
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Daniel R Gamelin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - David S Ginger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - David M Jonas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Seth R Marder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Daniel Morton
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Christopher B Murray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jonathan S Owen
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Dmitri V Talapin
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute, and Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Michael F Toney
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Brandi M Cossairt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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22
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Revealing the impact of organic spacers and cavity cations on quasi-2D perovskites via computational simulations. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4446. [PMID: 36932128 PMCID: PMC10023785 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31220-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional hybrid lead iodide perovskites based on methylammonium (MA) cation and butylammonium (BA) organic spacer-such as [Formula: see text]-are one of the most explored 2D hybrid perovskites in recent years. Correlating the atomistic profile of these systems with their optoelectronic properties is a challenge for theoretical approaches. Here, we employed first-principles calculations via density functional theory to show how the cation partially canceled dipole moments through the [Formula: see text] terminal impact the structural/electronic properties of the [Formula: see text] sublattices. Even though it is known that at high temperatures, the organic cation assumes a spherical-like configuration due to the rotation of the cations inside the cage, our results discuss the correct relative orientation according to the dipole moments for ab initio simulations at 0 K, correlating well structural and electronic properties with experiments. Based on the combination of relativistic quasiparticle correction and spin-orbit coupling, we found that the MA horizontal-like configuration concerning the inorganic sublattice surface leads to the best relationship between calculated and experimental gap energy throughout n = 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 number of layers. Conversely, the dipole moments cancellation (as in BA-MA aligned-like configuration) promotes the closing of the gap energies through an electron depletion mechanism. We found that the anisotropy [Formula: see text] isotropy optical absorption conversion (as a bulk convergence) is achieved only for the MA horizontal-like configuration, which suggests that this configuration contribution is the majority in a scenario under temperature effects.
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23
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Zhou Q, Liu B, Shai X, Li Y, He P, Yu H, Chen C, Xu ZX, Wei D, Chen J. Precise modulation strategies of 2D/3D perovskite heterojunctions in efficient and stable solar cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:4128-4141. [PMID: 36919401 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc07048k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
2D/3D perovskite heterojunctions exhibit promising prospects in the improvement of efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, many challenges remain in the development of high-quality 2D/3D heterojunctions, such as a reliable pathway to control the perovskite phase and generally poor performance in inverted (p-i-n) devices, which limit their commercialization. Fortunately, many excellent works have proposed lots of strategies to solve these challenges, which have triggered a new wave of research on 2D/3D perovskite heterojunctions in recent years. In this paper, the latest research progress and the critical factors involved in the modulating mechanisms of PSCs with 2D/3D heterojunctions have been summarized and laid out systematically. The advantages of constructing 2D/3D perovskite heterojunctions in PSCs are highlighted, and the problems and related solutions of low-dimensional perovskites as passivation layers towards high-performance PSCs are also discussed in depth. Finally, the prospects of 2D/3D perovskite heterojunctions utilized in the passivation strategies to further improve the photovoltaic performance of PSCs in the future have been presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Baibai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Xuxia Shai
- Institute of Physical and Engineering Science/Faculty of Science, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yuelong Li
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Peng He
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Hua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Cong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
| | - Zong-Xiang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Dong Wei
- College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, FuZhou, 350117, China.
| | - Jiangzhao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
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24
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Liao CH, Mahmud MA, Ho-Baillie AWY. Recent progress in layered metal halide perovskites for solar cells, photodetectors, and field-effect transistors. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:4219-4235. [PMID: 36779248 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06496k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskite materials demonstrate immense potential for photovoltaic and electronic applications. In particular, two-dimensional (2D) layered metal halide perovskites have advantages over their 3D counterparts in optoelectronic applications due to their outstanding stability, structural flexibility with a tunable bandgap, and electronic confinement effect. This review article first analyzes the crystallography of different 2D perovskite phases [the Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) phase, the Dion-Jacobson (DJ) phase, and the alternating cations in the interlayer space (ACI) phase] at the molecular level and compares their common electronic properties, such as out-of-plane conductivity, crucial to vertical devices. This paper then critically reviews the recent development of optoelectronic devices, namely solar cells, photodetectors and field effect transistors, based on layered 2D perovskite materials and points out their limitations and potential compared to their 3D counterparts. It also identifies the important application-specific future research directions for different optoelectronic devices providing a comprehensive view guiding new research directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chwen-Haw Liao
- School of Physics, University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Md Arafat Mahmud
- School of Physics, University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Anita W Y Ho-Baillie
- School of Physics, University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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25
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Tailoring layered structure of bismuth-based aurivillius perovskites: Recent advances and future aspects. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.215010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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26
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Dyrvik EG, Warby JH, McCarthy MM, Ramadan AJ, Zaininger KA, Lauritzen AE, Mahesh S, Taylor RA, Snaith HJ. Reducing Nonradiative Losses in Perovskite LEDs through Atomic Layer Deposition of Al 2O 3 on the Hole-Injection Contact. ACS NANO 2023; 17:3289-3300. [PMID: 36790329 PMCID: PMC9979650 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Halide perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) exhibit great potential for use in next-generation display technologies. However, scale-up will be challenging due to the requirement of very thin transport layers for high efficiencies, which often present spatial inhomogeneities from improper wetting and drying during solution processing. Here, we show how a thin Al2O3 layer grown by atomic layer deposition can be used to preferentially cover regions of imperfect hole transport layer deposition and form an intermixed composite with the organic transport layer, allowing hole conduction and injection to persist through the organic hole transporter. This has the dual effect of reducing nonradiative recombination at the heterojunction and improving carrier selectivity, which we infer to be due to the inhibition of direct contact between the indium tin oxide and perovskite layers. We observe an immediate improvement in electroluminescent external quantum efficiency in our p-i-n LEDs from an average of 9.8% to 13.5%, with a champion efficiency of 15.0%. The technique uses industrially available equipment and can readily be scaled up to larger areas and incorporated in other applications such as thin-film photovoltaic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil G. Dyrvik
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1
3PU, U.K.
| | - Jonathan H. Warby
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1
3PU, U.K.
| | - Melissa M. McCarthy
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1
3PU, U.K.
| | - Alexandra J. Ramadan
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1
3PU, U.K.
| | - Karl-Augustin Zaininger
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1
3PU, U.K.
| | - Andreas E. Lauritzen
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1
3PU, U.K.
| | - Suhas Mahesh
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1
3PU, U.K.
| | - Robert A. Taylor
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1
3PU, U.K.
| | - Henry J. Snaith
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1
3PU, U.K.
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27
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Kim D, Vasileiadou ES, Spanopoulos I, Kanatzidis MG, Tu Q. Abnormal In-Plane Thermomechanical Behavior of Two-Dimensional Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Perovskites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:7919-7927. [PMID: 36740778 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of two-dimensional (2D) hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) in semiconductor device applications will have to accommodate the co-existence of strain and temperature stressors and requires a thorough understanding of the thermomechanical behavior of 2D HOIPs. This will mitigate thermomechanical stability issues and improve the durability of the devices, especially when one considers the high susceptibility of 2D HOIPs to temperature due to their soft nature. Here, we employ atomic force microscopy (AFM) stretching of suspended membranes to measure the temperature dependence of the in-plane Young's modulus (E∥) of model Ruddlesden-Popper 2D HOIPs with a general formula of (CH3(CH2)3NH3)2(CH3NH3)n-1PbnI3n+1 (here, n = 1, 3, or 5). We find that E∥ values of these 2D HOIPs exhibit a prominent non-monotonic dependence on temperature, particularly an abnormal thermal stiffening behavior (nearly 40% change in E∥) starting around the order-disorder transition temperature of the butylammonium spacer molecules, which is significantly different from the thermomechanical behavior expected from their 3D counterpart (CH3NH3PbI3) or other low-dimensional material systems. Further raising the temperature eventually reverses the trend to thermal softening. The magnitude of the thermally induced change in E∥ is also much higher in 2D HOIPs than in their 3D analogs. Our results can shed light on the structural origin of the thermomechanical behavior and provide needed guidance to design 2D HOIPs with desired thermomechanical properties to meet the application needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyun Kim
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas77840, United States
| | - Eugenia S Vasileiadou
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois60201, United States
| | - Ioannis Spanopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois60201, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida33620, United States
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois60201, United States
| | - Qing Tu
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas77840, United States
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28
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Soultati A, Tountas M, Armadorou KK, Yusoff ARBM, Vasilopoulou M, Nazeeruddin MK. Synthetic approaches for perovskite thin films and single-crystals. ENERGY ADVANCES 2023; 2:1075-1115. [DOI: 10.1039/d3ya00098b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Halide perovskites are compelling candidates for the next generation of photovoltaic technologies owing to an unprecedented increase in power conversion efficiency and their low cost, facile fabrication and outstanding semiconductor properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Soultati
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, 15341 Agia Paraskevi, Attica, Greece
| | - Marinos Tountas
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 71410 Heraklion Crete, Greece
| | - Konstantina K. Armadorou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, 15341 Agia Paraskevi, Attica, Greece
| | - Abd. Rashid bin Mohd Yusoff
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Maria Vasilopoulou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, 15341 Agia Paraskevi, Attica, Greece
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Rue de l’Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
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29
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Maiti A, Pal AJ. Quasi-2D Ruddlesden-Popper Lead Halide Perovskites: How Edge Matters. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9875-9882. [PMID: 36251849 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A band-mapping technique is introduced to investigate the formation of low-energy edge states in quasi-2D Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) perovskites, (BA)2(MA)n-1PbnI3n+1, through a localized mode of measurement, namely, scanning tunneling spectroscopy. The local band structures measured at different points reveal the formation of 3D CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) at the edges of the perovskite nanosheets; for thin films, the 3D phase (n = ∞) could be seen to form at grain boundaries. The presence of MAPbI3 at the edges or grain boundaries of the perovskites has led to self-forming type-II band alignment in BA2MA2Pb3I10 (n = 3). The rationale behind achieving a high-efficiency solar cell based on the material, which has a large exciton binding energy, has been inferred. Kelvin probe force microscopy studies under illumination have yielded a higher surface photovoltage at the edges compared to the interior and supported the inference of exciton dissociation due to internal type-II band alignment in the quasi-2D RP perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Maiti
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Amlan J Pal
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore 452001, India
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30
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Dyksik M. Using the Diamagnetic Coefficients to Estimate the Reduced Effective Mass in 2D Layered Perovskites: New Insight from High Magnetic Field Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012531. [PMID: 36293385 PMCID: PMC9604088 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the current state of research concerning the determination of the effective mass in 2D layered perovskites is presented. The available experimental reports in which the reduced effective mass μ has been directly measured using magneto-absorption spectroscopy of interband Landau levels are reviewed. By comparing these results with DFT computational studies and various other methods, it is concluded that depending on the approach used, the μ found spans a broad range of values from as low as 0.05 up to 0.3 me. To facilitate quick and reliable estimation of μ, a model is proposed based solely on the available experimental data that bypass the complexity of interband Landau level spectroscopy. The model takes advantage of the μ value measured for (PEA)2PbI4 and approximates the reduced effective mass of the given 2D layered perovskites based on only two experimental parameters—the diamagnetic coefficient and the effective dielectric constant. The proposed model is tested on a broad range of 2D layered perovskites and captures well the main experimental and theoretical trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Dyksik
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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31
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Ollearo R, Caiazzo A, Li J, Fattori M, van Breemen AJJM, Wienk MM, Gelinck GH, Janssen RAJ. Multidimensional Perovskites for High Detectivity Photodiodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2205261. [PMID: 36000490 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202205261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Low-dimensional perovskites attract increasing interest due to tunable optoelectronic properties and high stability. Here, it is shown that perovskite thin films with a vertical gradient in dimensionality result in graded electronic bandgap structures that are ideal for photodiode applications. Positioning low-dimensional, vertically-oriented perovskite phases at the interface with the electron blocking layer increases the activation energy for thermal charge generation and thereby effectively lowers the dark current density to a record-low value of 5 × 10-9 mA cm-2 without compromising responsivity, resulting in a noise-current-based specific detectivity exceeding 7 × 1012 Jones at 600 nm. These multidimensional perovskite photodiodes show promising air stability and a dynamic range over ten orders of magnitude, and thus represent a new generation of high-performance low-cost photodiodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Ollearo
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Caiazzo
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Junyu Li
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Fattori
- Integrated Circuits, Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | | | - Martijn M Wienk
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Gerwin H Gelinck
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- TNO at Holst Centre, High Tech Campus 31, Eindhoven, 5656 AE, The Netherlands
| | - René A J Janssen
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, De Zaale 20, Eindhoven, 5612 AJ, The Netherlands
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Chen YC, Wu KC, Chen HA, Chu WH, Gowdru SM, Lin JC, Lin BH, Tang MT, Chang CC, Lai YH, Kuo TR, Wen CY, Wang DY. Studies of high-membered two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper Cs 7Pb 6I 19 perovskite nanosheets via kinetically controlled reactions. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:2433-2442. [PMID: 35848594 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00539e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) all-inorganic Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) perovskite Cs7Pb6I19 nanosheets (NSs) were successfully developed for the first time by employing a structural recrystallization process with additional passivation of small organic sulfide molecules. The structure of Cs7Pb6I19 NSs is confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction measurements, atomically-resolved STEM measurements and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies. Cs7Pb6I19 NSs with a specific n value of 6 exhibits unique absorption and emission spectra with intense excitons at 560 nm due to quantum confinement effects in 2D perovskite slabs. The formation mechanisms of 2D Cs7Pb6I19 NSs and 3D γ-CsPbI3 phases were investigated by in situ photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and the activation energies of their formation reactions were calculated to be 151 kJ mol-1 and 95.3 kJ mol-1, respectively. The phase stability of 2D Cs7Pb6I19 NSs can be maintained at temperatures below 14 °C for more than 4 weeks. The overall results indicate that 2D Cs7Pb6I19 NSs demonstrate unique optical properties and structural stability compared with other 3D perovskite materials. We have opened a new path to the future discovery of 2D perovskite structures with metastable phases by using this recrystallization method and the assistance of sulfur-derived organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chia Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Chang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-An Chen
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hui Chu
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan.
| | - Swathi M Gowdru
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan.
| | - Jou-Chun Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan.
| | - Bi-Hsuan Lin
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Mau-Tsu Tang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Huang Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-Rong Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yen Wen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Di-Yan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan.
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Salah MBH, Mercier N, Dabos‐Seignon S, Botta C. Solvent‐Free Preparation and Moderate Congruent Melting Temperature of Layered Lead Iodide Perovskites for Thin‐Film Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206665. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maroua Ben Haj Salah
- MOLTECH-ANJOU UMR-CNRS 6200 Université d'Angers 2 Bd Lavoisier 49045 Angers France
| | - Nicolas Mercier
- MOLTECH-ANJOU UMR-CNRS 6200 Université d'Angers 2 Bd Lavoisier 49045 Angers France
| | - Sylvie Dabos‐Seignon
- MOLTECH-ANJOU UMR-CNRS 6200 Université d'Angers 2 Bd Lavoisier 49045 Angers France
| | - Chiara Botta
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “G. Natta” (SCITEC) CNR Via Corti 12 20133 Milano Italy
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34
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Babaei M, Ahmadi V, Darvish G. First-principles study of lead-free Ge-based 2D Ruddlesden-Popper hybrid perovskites for solar cell applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:21052-21060. [PMID: 36004762 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00638c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, 2D halide perovskites have attracted attention because they are excellent photo absorbing materials for perovskite solar cells. To date, the majority of 2D perovskite-based devices have been made of Pb, a material with toxic properties and environmental concerns. Thus, lead-free alternatives are essential to enable the expansion of photovoltaic systems based on perovskites. Herein, we examine the structural, electronic, optical and stability properties of Pb-free 2D Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) perovskites (BA)2(MA)n-1GenI3n+1 (BA = CH3(CH2)3NH3+; MA = CH3NH3+; n = 1-5, and ∝) by using DFT calculations and comparing the results to their Pb-based counterparts (BA)2(MA)n-1PbnI3n+1 (n = 1-5, and ∝). Theoretical analysis indicates that Pb and Ge-based 2D perovskites are significantly more thermodynamically stable than their corresponding 3D materials. A more accurate bandgap is achieved using the HSE06 + SOC scheme and compared to the findings of the PBE and PBE + SOC. These materials are direct bandgap semiconductors. Due to spin-orbit coupling, Pb-based perovskite displays higher Rashba energy splitting than Ge-based ones. The bandgap changes from 2.37 eV (n = 1) to 1.79 eV (n = 5), and from 1.92 eV (n = 1) to 1.56 eV (n = 5) for Pb and Ge-based perovskites, respectively. The bandgap of all Ge-based perovskites is lower than their corresponding Pb-based ones. We show that the 2D perovskites could serve as hole-transporting materials when they are alongside 3D perovskites. The trade-off between thermodynamic stability and absorption coefficient of the considered compounds indicates that 2D RP perovskites BA2MA4Ge5I16 are promising Pb-free halide semiconductors for solar cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Babaei
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Vahid Ahmadi
- Optoelectronics and Nanophotonics Research Group, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-194, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ghafar Darvish
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
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Varadwaj A, Varadwaj PR, Marques HM, Yamashita K. The Pnictogen Bond, Together with Other Non-Covalent Interactions, in the Rational Design of One-, Two- and Three-Dimensional Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Metal Halide Perovskite Semiconducting Materials, and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158816. [PMID: 35955945 PMCID: PMC9369011 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pnictogen bond, a somewhat overlooked supramolecular chemical synthon known since the middle of the last century, is one of the promising types of non-covalent interactions yet to be fully understood by recognizing and exploiting its properties for the rational design of novel functional materials. Its bonding modes, energy profiles, vibrational structures and charge density topologies, among others, have yet to be comprehensively delineated, both theoretically and experimentally. In this overview, attention is largely centered on the nature of nitrogen-centered pnictogen bonds found in organic-inorganic hybrid metal halide perovskites and closely related structures deposited in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) and the Inorganic Chemistry Structural Database (ICSD). Focusing on well-characterized structures, it is shown that it is not merely charge-assisted hydrogen bonds that stabilize the inorganic frameworks, as widely assumed and well-documented, but simultaneously nitrogen-centered pnictogen bonding, and, depending on the atomic constituents of the organic cation, other non-covalent interactions such as halogen bonding and/or tetrel bonding, are also contributors to the stabilizing of a variety of materials in the solid state. We have shown that competition between pnictogen bonding and other interactions plays an important role in determining the tilting of the MX6 (X = a halogen) octahedra of metal halide perovskites in one, two and three-dimensions. The pnictogen interactions are identified to be directional even in zero-dimensional crystals, a structural feature in many engineered ordered materials; hence an interplay between them and other non-covalent interactions drives the structure and the functional properties of perovskite materials and enabling their application in, for example, photovoltaics and optoelectronics. We have demonstrated that nitrogen in ammonium and its derivatives in many chemical systems acts as a pnictogen bond donor and contributes to conferring stability, and hence functionality, to crystalline perovskite systems. The significance of these non-covalent interactions should not be overlooked, especially when the focus is centered on the rationale design and discovery of such highly-valued materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Varadwaj
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (P.R.V.)
| | - Pradeep R. Varadwaj
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (P.R.V.)
| | - Helder M. Marques
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Koichi Yamashita
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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36
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Low-dimensional Sn-based perovskites: Evolution and future prospects of solar cells. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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37
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Perovskite superlattices with efficient carrier dynamics. Nature 2022; 608:317-323. [PMID: 35948711 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04961-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Compared with their three-dimensional (3D) counterparts, low-dimensional metal halide perovskites (2D and quasi-2D; B2An-1MnX3n+1, such as B = R-NH3+, A = HC(NH2)2+, Cs+; M = Pb2+, Sn2+; X = Cl-, Br-, I-) with periodic inorganic-organic structures have shown promising stability and hysteresis-free electrical performance1-6. However, their unique multiple-quantum-well structure limits the device efficiencies because of the grain boundaries and randomly oriented quantum wells in polycrystals7. In single crystals, the carrier transport through the thickness direction is hindered by the layered insulating organic spacers8. Furthermore, the strong quantum confinement from the organic spacers limits the generation and transport of free carriers9,10. Also, lead-free metal halide perovskites have been developed but their device performance is limited by their low crystallinity and structural instability11. Here we report a low-dimensional metal halide perovskite BA2MAn-1SnnI3n+1 (BA, butylammonium; MA, methylammonium; n = 1, 3, 5) superlattice by chemical epitaxy. The inorganic slabs are aligned vertical to the substrate and interconnected in a criss-cross 2D network parallel to the substrate, leading to efficient carrier transport in three dimensions. A lattice-mismatched substrate compresses the organic spacers, which weakens the quantum confinement. The performance of a superlattice solar cell has been certified under the quasi-steady state, showing a stable 12.36% photoelectric conversion efficiency. Moreover, an intraband exciton relaxation process may have yielded an unusually high open-circuit voltage (VOC).
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Mercier N, Salah MBH, Dabos-Seignon S, Botta C. Solvent‐Free Preparation and Moderate Congruent Melting Temperature of Layered Lead Iodide Perovskites for Thin‐Film Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Mercier
- University of Angers: Universite d'Angers UFR Sciences 2 Boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers FRANCE
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Xia J, Gu H, Liang C, Cai Y, Xing G. Manipulation of Band Alignment in Two-Dimensional Vertical WSe 2/BA 2PbI 4 Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskite Heterojunctions via Defect Engineering. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4579-4588. [PMID: 35583485 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), two-dimensional (2D) layered Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite material, and their heterojunctions have attracted a great deal of interest in optoelectronic applications. Although various approaches for modulating their properties and applications have been demonstrated, knowledge of the interface band alignment and defect engineering on the TMD/2D perovskite heterojunction is still lacking. Herein, the optoelectronic properties and defect engineering of the WSe2/BA2PbI4 heterojunction have been investigated with density functional theory simulations. We find that the WSe2/BA2PbI4 van der Waals heterojunction maintains an indirect bandgap and S-scheme alignment, facilitating the efficient splitting of light excited carriers across the interface. Importantly, we find that defect engineering could manipulate the band alignment. The introduction of the BA vacancies could switch the interface from the S-scheme to the typical type II interface, whereas Se vacancies would facilitate recombination at the S-scheme interface. Our work proves that the interfacial properties of heterojunctions can be regulated by defect modulation to address different optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Xia
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, P. R. China
| | - Hao Gu
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, P. R. China
| | - Chao Liang
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, P. R. China
| | - Yongqing Cai
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, P. R. China
| | - Guichuan Xing
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, P. R. China
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40
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Kanwat A, Ghosh B, Ng SE, Rana PJS, Lekina Y, Hooper TJN, Yantara N, Kovalev M, Chaudhary B, Kajal P, Febriansyah B, Tan QY, Klein M, Shen ZX, Ager JW, Mhaisalkar SG, Mathews N. Reversible Photochromism in ⟨110⟩ Oriented Layered Halide Perovskite. ACS NANO 2022; 16:2942-2952. [PMID: 35040632 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Extending halide perovskites' optoelectronic properties to stimuli-responsive chromism enables switchable optoelectronics, information display, and smart window applications. Here, we demonstrate a band gap tunability (chromism) via crystal structure transformation from three-dimensional FAPbBr3 to a ⟨110⟩ oriented FAn+2PbnBr3n+2 structure using a mono-halide/cation composition (FA/Pb) tuning. Furthermore, we illustrate reversible photochromism in halide perovskite by modulating the intermediate n phase in the FAn+2PbnBr3n+2 structure, enabling greater control of the optical band gap and luminescence of a ⟨110⟩ oriented mono-halide/cation perovskite. Proton transfer reaction-mass spectroscopy carried out to precisely quantify the decomposition product reveals that the organic solvent in the film is a key contributor to the structural transformation and, therefore, the chromism in the ⟨110⟩ structure. These intermediate n phases (2 ≤ n ≤ ∞) stabilize in metastable states in the FAn+2PbnBr3n+2 system, which is accessible via strain or optical or thermal input. The structure reversibility in the ⟨110⟩ perovskite allowed us to demonstrate a class of photochromic sensors capable of self-adaptation to lighting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kanwat
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Biplab Ghosh
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Si En Ng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Prem J S Rana
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Yulia Lekina
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thomas J N Hooper
- Centre of High Field NMR Spectroscopy and Imaging, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Natalia Yantara
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Mikhail Kovalev
- Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education (CARES), 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore
| | - Bhumika Chaudhary
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
- Energy Research Institute @NTU (ERI@N), Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Priyanka Kajal
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Benny Febriansyah
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
- Berkeley Educational Alliance for Research in Singapore (BEARS), 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore
| | - Qi Ying Tan
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
- Energy Research Institute @NTU (ERI@N), Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Maciej Klein
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ze Xiang Shen
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joel W Ager
- Berkeley Educational Alliance for Research in Singapore (BEARS), 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 225 Hearst Memorial Mining Building, Berkeley, California 94720-1760, United State of America
| | - Subodh G Mhaisalkar
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Nripan Mathews
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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41
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Tofanello A, Freitas ALM, de Queiroz TB, Bonadio A, Martinho H, Souza JA. Magnetism in a 2D Hybrid Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskite through Charge Redistribution Driven by an Organic Functional Spacer. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:1406-1415. [PMID: 35119272 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c04216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) perovskites are emerging materials offering great synthetic versatility and remarkable features due to the tunability of their crystal structure. We present a novel strategy to provide magnetism in a 2D RP perovskite using histidine molecules as a spacer, which could induce charge rebalancing at the interface of the inorganic layer. We observe that the amide and imidazole groups are close to Pb ions. The interaction with the imidazole indicates that this functional group, possibly assisted by the carboxyl close to the vicinity of the amine terminal, is inducing charge rearrangement from Pb2+ to paramagnetic Pb3+ ions, resulting in a positive magnetic moment. This magnetized 2D hybrid perovskites can be classified as a novel class of promising materials showing a magnetic moment at their interface, which may result in intriguing physical properties due to a delicate balance between magnetism and a quantum well confinement effect in the inorganic layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tofanello
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
| | - A L M Freitas
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
| | - T B de Queiroz
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
| | - A Bonadio
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
| | - H Martinho
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
| | - J A Souza
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
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42
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Li Z, Hong E, Zhang X, Deng M, Fang X. Perovskite-Type 2D Materials for High-Performance Photodetectors. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:1215-1225. [PMID: 35089041 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c04225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photodetectors are light sensors in widespread use in image sensing, optical communication, and consumer electronics. In current smart optoelectronic technology, conventional semiconductors have encountered a bottleneck caused by inflexibility and opacity. With the ever-increasing demands for versatile optoelectronic applications, perovskite-type 2D materials demonstrate great potential for advanced photodetectors inspired by molecularly thin 2D materials. Through the reduction of thickness to thin or molecularly thin levels, single-crystalline 2D perovskites can exhibit superior optoelectronic performance characteristics, such as tunable absorption property by chemical design, enhanced carrier separation by remarkable photosensing capability, and improved carrier extraction by versatile band engineering. More importantly, perovskite-type 2D materials exhibit great potential for large-scale monolithic integration to achieve all-in-one sensing-memory-computing optoelectronic devices. In this Perspective, recent progress in 2D perovskite-based photodetectors is presented in detail. The focus is on growth strategies for reducing thickness, thickness-dependent optical and electrical properties, device engineering, heterojunction fabrication, and device performance. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects in this field are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Li
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Enliu Hong
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Ming Deng
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Xiaosheng Fang
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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43
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Ruddlesden-Popper 2D perovskites of type (C 6H 9C 2H 4NH 3) 2(CH 3NH 3) n-1Pb nI 3n+1 (n = 1-4) for optoelectronic applications. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2176. [PMID: 35140250 PMCID: PMC8828857 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06108-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) phase metal halide organo perovskites are being extensively studied due to their quasi-two dimensional (2D) nature which makes them an excellent material for several optoelectronic device applications such as solar cells, photo-detectors, light emitting diodes (LEDs), lasers etc. While most of reports show use of linear carbon chain based organic moiety, such as n-Butylamine, as organic spacer in RP perovskite crystal structure, here we report a new series of quasi 2D perovskites with a ring type cyclic carbon group as organic spacer forming RP perovskite of type (CH)2(MA)n−1PbnI3n+1; CH = 2-(1-Cyclohexenyl)ethylamine; MA = Methylamine). This work highlights the synthesis, structural, thermal, optical and optoelectronic characterizations for the new RP perovskite series n = 1–4. The demonstrated RP perovskite of type for n = 1–4 have shown formation of highly crystalline thin films with alternate stacking of organic and inorganic layers, where the order of PbI6 octahedron layering are controlled by n-value, and shown uniform direct bandgap tunable from 2.51 eV (n = 1) to 1.92 eV (n = 4). The PL lifetime measurements supported the fact that lifetime of charge carriers increase with n-value of RP perovskites [154 ps (n = 1) to 336 ps (n = 4)]. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed highly stable nature of reported RP perovskites with linear increase in phase transition temperatures from 257 °C (n = 1) to 270 °C (n = 4). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) are used to investigate the surface morphology and elemental compositions of thin films. In addition, the photodetectors fabricated for the series using (CH)2(MA)n−1PbnI3n+1 RP perovskite as active absorbing layer and without any charge transport layers, shown sharp photocurrent response from 17 nA/cm2 for n = 1 to 70 nA/cm2 for n = 4, under zero bias and low power illumination conditions (470 nm LED, 1.5 mW/cm2). Furthermore, for lowest bandgap RP perovskite n = 4, (CH)2MA3Pb4I13 the photodetector showed maximum photocurrent density of ~ 508 nA/cm2 at 3 V under similar illumination condition, thus giving fairly large responsivity (46.65 mA/W). Our investigations show that 2-(1-Cyclohexenyl)ethylamine based RP perovskites can be potential solution processed semiconducting materials for optoelectronic applications such as photo-detectors, solar cells, LEDs, photobatteries etc.
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Kripalani DR, Cai Y, Lou J, Zhou K. Strong Edge Stress in Molecularly Thin Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskites and Modulations of Their Edge Electronic Properties. ACS NANO 2022; 16:261-270. [PMID: 34978421 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites (HRPPs) have gained much attention for optoelectronic applications due to their high moisture resistance, good processability under ambient conditions, and long functional lifetimes. Recent success in isolating molecularly thin hybrid perovskite nanosheets and their intriguing edge phenomena have raised the need for understanding the role of edges and the properties that dictate their fundamental behaviors. In this work, we perform a prototypical study on the edge effects in ultrathin hybrid perovskites by considering monolayer (BA)2PbI4 as a representative system. On the basis of first-principles simulations of nanoribbon models, we show that in addition to significant distortions of the octahedra network at the edges, strong edge stresses are also present in the material. Structural instabilities that arise from the edge stress could drive the relaxation process and dominate the morphological response of edges in practice. A clear downward shift of the bands at the narrower ribbons, as indicative of the edge effect, facilitates the separation of photoexcited carriers (electrons move toward the edge and holes move toward the interior part of the nanosheet). Moreover, the desorption energy of the organic molecule can also be much lower at the free edges, making it easier for functionalization and/or substitution events to take place. The findings reported in this work elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for edge states in HRPPs and will be important in guiding the rational design and development of high-performance layer-edge devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh R Kripalani
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Yongqing Cai
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, P. R. China
| | - Jun Lou
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kun Zhou
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Environmental Process Modelling Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore
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Yuan M, Zhao Y, Feng J, Gao H, Zhao J, Jiang L, Wu Y. Ultrasensitive Photodetectors Based on Strongly Interacted Layered-Perovskite Nanowires. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:1601-1608. [PMID: 34978173 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal-halide layered perovskites, self-assembled quantum wells with alternating insulating interlayer organic cations, and conductive perovskite layers boost the incorporation of multiple functionalities into a single-phase material. Optoelectronic performances in layered perovskites are more sensitive to crystallinity than their 3D counterparts due to the traps and insulating barriers introduced by interlayer cations. Here, we combine the capillary-bridge lithography method for the fabrication of single-crystalline nanowire arrays with strongly interacted layered perovskites for the enhancement of crystallinity and crystallographic orientation purity. Due to regulated nucleation and growth of layered perovskites in capillary bridges and the sulfur-sulfur interaction between interlayer cations, nanowires with pure (101) orientation are realized for underpinning insulating crystal interiors and photoconductive layer edges. Based on these nanowires, ultrasensitive photodetectors are reached with an ultralow dark current of below 10-12 A, an average responsivity of 7.3 × 103 A W-1, an average specific detectivity of 3.9 × 1015 Jones, and a 3 dB bandwidth of 10.3 kHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jiangang Feng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, National University of Singapore, 117585 Singapore
| | - Hanfei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P. R. China
| | - Jinjin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P. R. China
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Film formation mechanisms in mixed-dimensional 2D/3D halide perovskite films revealed by in-situ grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Pitaro M, Tekelenburg EK, Shao S, Loi MA. Tin Halide Perovskites: From Fundamental Properties to Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2105844. [PMID: 34626031 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites have unique optical and electrical properties, which make them an excellent class of materials for a broad spectrum of optoelectronic applications. However, it is with photovoltaic devices that this class of materials has reached the apotheosis of popularity. High power conversion efficiencies are achieved with lead-based compounds, which are toxic to the environment. Tin-based perovskites are the most promising alternative because of their bandgap close to the optimal value for photovoltaic applications, the strong optical absorption, and good charge carrier mobilities. Nevertheless, the low defect tolerance, the fast crystallization, and the oxidative instability of tin halide perovskites currently limit their efficiency. The aim of this review is to give a detailed overview of the crystallographic, photophysical, and optoelectronic properties of tin-based perovskite compounds in their multiple forms from 3D to low-dimensional structures. At the end, recent progress in tin-based perovskite solar cells are reviewed, mainly focusing on the detail of the strategies adopted to improve the device performances. For each subtopic, the current challenges and the outlook are discussed, with the aim to stimulate the community to address the most important issues in a concerted manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Pitaro
- Photophysics and OptoElectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Eelco Kinsa Tekelenburg
- Photophysics and OptoElectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Shuyan Shao
- Photophysics and OptoElectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Antonietta Loi
- Photophysics and OptoElectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
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Hallweger S, Kaussler C, Kieslich G. The Structural Complexity of Perovskites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:9196-9202. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01123a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A recent research direction related to ABX3 perovskites is the use of molecules on the A and/or X-site, a development that has proved fruitful for photovoltaics, (improper) ferroelectrics and barocalorics....
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Li W, Sidhik S, Traore B, Asadpour R, Hou J, Zhang H, Fehr A, Essman J, Wang Y, Hoffman JM, Spanopoulos I, Crochet JJ, Tsai E, Strzalka J, Katan C, Alam MA, Kanatzidis MG, Even J, Blancon JC, Mohite AD. Light-activated interlayer contraction in two-dimensional perovskites for high-efficiency solar cells. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 17:45-52. [PMID: 34811551 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-01010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding and tailoring the physical behaviour of halide perovskites under practical environments is critical for designing efficient and durable optoelectronic devices. Here, we report that continuous light illumination leads to >1% contraction in the out-of-plane direction in two-dimensional hybrid perovskites, which is reversible and strongly dependent on the specific superlattice packing. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements show that constant light illumination results in the accumulation of positive charges in the terminal iodine atoms, thereby enhancing the bonding character of inter-slab I-I interactions across the organic barrier and activating out-of-plane contraction. Correlated charge transport, structural and photovoltaic measurements confirm that the onset of the light-induced contraction is synchronized to a threefold increase in carrier mobility and conductivity, which is consistent with an increase in the electronic band dispersion predicted by first-principles calculations. Flux-dependent space-charge-limited current measurement reveals that light-induced interlayer contraction activates interlayer charge transport. The enhanced charge transport boosts the photovoltaic efficiency of two-dimensional perovskite solar cells up to 18.3% by increasing the device's fill factor and open-circuit voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Applied Physics Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Siraj Sidhik
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Institut FOTON, University Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Rennes, France
| | - Boubacar Traore
- Institut FOTON, University Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Rennes, France
- Univ Rennes, ENSCR, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) -UMR 6226, Rennes, France
| | - Reza Asadpour
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jin Hou
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Applied Physics Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Austin Fehr
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph Essman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yafei Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Justin M Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Ioannis Spanopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | | | - Esther Tsai
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Brookhaven, NY, USA
| | - Joseph Strzalka
- X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
| | - Claudine Katan
- Univ Rennes, ENSCR, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) -UMR 6226, Rennes, France
| | - Muhammad A Alam
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jacky Even
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Aditya D Mohite
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
- Applied Physics Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
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Cinquino M, Fieramosca A, Mastria R, Polimeno L, Moliterni A, Olieric V, Matsugaki N, Panico R, De Giorgi M, Gigli G, Giannini C, Rizzo A, Sanvitto D, De Marco L. Managing Growth and Dimensionality of Quasi 2D Perovskite Single-Crystalline Flakes for Tunable Excitons Orientation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2102326. [PMID: 34623706 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid perovskites are among the most promising materials for optoelectronic applications. Their 2D crystalline form is even more interesting since the alternating inorganic and organic layers naturally forge a multiple quantum-well structure, leading to the formation of stable excitonic resonances. Nevertheless, a controlled modulation of the quantum well width, which is defined by the number of inorganic layers (n) between two organic ones, is not trivial and represents the main synthetic challenge in the field. Here, a conceptually innovative approach to easily tune n in lead iodide perovskite single-crystalline flakes is presented. The judicious use of potassium iodide is found to modulate the supersaturation levels of the precursors solution without being part of the final products. This allows to obtain a fine tuning of the n value. The excellent optical quality of the as synthesized flakes guarantees an in-depth analysis by Fourier-space microscopy, revealing that the excitons orientation can be manipulated by modifying the number of inorganic layers. Excitonic out-of-plane component, indeed, is enhanced when "n" is increased. The combined advances in the synthesis and optical characterization fill in the picture of the exciton behavior in low-dimensional perovskite, paving the way to the design of materials with improved optoelectronic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cinquino
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica E. De Giorgi, Università Del Salento, Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Antonio Fieramosca
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Rosanna Mastria
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Laura Polimeno
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica E. De Giorgi, Università Del Salento, Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Anna Moliterni
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR-IC, Via Amendola 122/O, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Vincent Olieric
- Structural Biology Research Center, Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, 5232, Switzerland
| | - Naohiro Matsugaki
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, 5232, Switzerland
| | - Riccardo Panico
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica E. De Giorgi, Università Del Salento, Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Milena De Giorgi
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica E. De Giorgi, Università Del Salento, Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giannini
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR-IC, Via Amendola 122/O, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Aurora Rizzo
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Daniele Sanvitto
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Luisa De Marco
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
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