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Stinson HE, Ninan I. Median raphe glutamatergic neuron-mediated enhancement of GABAergic transmission and suppression of long-term potentiation in the hippocampus. Heliyon 2024; 10:e38192. [PMID: 39386853 PMCID: PMC11462361 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The ascending neuromodulatory pathway from the median raphe nucleus (MRN) extends widely throughout midline/para-midline regions and robustly innervates the hippocampus. This neuromodulatory pathway is believed to be critical for regulating emotional and affective behaviors. Although the MRN primarily contains serotoninergic (5-HTergic), GABAergic, and glutamatergic neurons, glutamatergic neurons expressing vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (VGLUT3) form the primary MRN input to the hippocampus. Despite the earlier demonstration of the robust MRN VGLUT3 innervation of the hippocampus, little is known about how this MRN glutamatergic input modulates synaptic transmission and plasticity in the hippocampus. Our studies show that MRN VGLUT3 neurons activate serotonin 3a receptor (5-HT3aR)-expressing GABAergic neurons, including VGLUT3-expressing neurons, at the stratum radiatum (SR)/stratum lacunosum moleculare (SLM) border. This MRN VGLUT3 neuron-mediated glutamatergic transmission onto SR/SLM 5-HT3aR neurons is negatively regulated by 5-HT through 5-HT1B receptors. In agreement with the MRN VGLUT3 neuron-mediated activation of the 5-HT3aR GABAergic neurons, activation of MRN VGLUT3 projections induces a long-lasting increase in GABAergic transmission but not glutamatergic transmission in CA1 pyramidal neurons from male but not female mice. Consistent with the MRN VGLUT3 neuron-mediated enhancement of GABAergic transmission in male mice, activation of MRN VGLUT3 projections suppresses Schaffer collateral (SC)-CA1 long-term potentiation (LTP) in male but not female mice. Thus, our results show that MRN VGLUT3 neurons modulate the dorsal hippocampus by augmenting synaptic inhibition of CA1 pyramidal neurons and by suppressing SC-CA1 LTP in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E. Stinson
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Ipe Ninan
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
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2
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Sulaman BA, Zhang Y, Matosevich N, Kjærby C, Foustoukos G, Andersen M, Eban-Rothschild A. Emerging Functions of Neuromodulation during Sleep. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1277242024. [PMID: 39358018 PMCID: PMC11450531 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1277-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuromodulators act on multiple timescales to affect neuronal activity and behavior. They function as synaptic fine-tuners and master coordinators of neuronal activity across distant brain regions and body organs. While much research on neuromodulation has focused on roles in promoting features of wakefulness and transitions between sleep and wake states, the precise dynamics and functions of neuromodulatory signaling during sleep have received less attention. This review discusses research presented at our minisymposium at the 2024 Society for Neuroscience meeting, highlighting how norepinephrine, dopamine, and acetylcholine orchestrate brain oscillatory activity, control sleep architecture and microarchitecture, regulate responsiveness to sensory stimuli, and facilitate memory consolidation. The potential of each neuromodulator to influence neuronal activity is shaped by the state of the synaptic milieu, which in turn is influenced by the organismal or systemic state. Investigating the effects of neuromodulator release across different sleep substates and synaptic environments offers unique opportunities to deepen our understanding of neuromodulation and explore the distinct computational opportunities that arise during sleep. Moreover, since alterations in neuromodulatory signaling and sleep are implicated in various neuropsychiatric disorders and because existing pharmacological treatments affect neuromodulatory signaling, gaining a deeper understanding of the less-studied aspects of neuromodulators during sleep is of high importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibi Alika Sulaman
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Yiyao Zhang
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10016
| | - Noa Matosevich
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 69978, Israel
| | - Celia Kjærby
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Georgios Foustoukos
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Mie Andersen
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
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Karimani F, Asgari Taei A, Kaveh N, Rabiei Ghahfarokhi M, Abolghasemi Dehaqani MR, Dargahi L. Hippocampal sharp-wave ripples and hippocampal-prefrontal synchrony regulate memory-enhancing effects of intranasal insulin in an STZ-induced Alzheimer's model. Life Sci 2024; 357:123094. [PMID: 39362588 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Alzheimer's disease is characterized by memory loss and pathological changes in the brain, such as amyloid beta and tau pathology, disruptions in neural circuits and neuronal oscillations are also significant indicators of this disease and potential therapeutic targets. We studied how intranasal insulin impacts memory and neural oscillations in an Alzheimer's disease rat model induced by STZ. MAIN METHODS Male Wistar rats were intracerebroventricularly injected with STZ, followed by intranasal insulin therapy. Electrophysiological recordings were conducted in the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex to assess local field potentials. Memory was assessed using novel object recognition and Y-maze tests. Amyloid and tau pathology and neuronal loss were also evaluated in the hippocampus. KEY FINDING Alterations in theta-gamma oscillations following insulin treatment were not significant. However, insulin administration ameliorated hippocampal sharp-wave ripples deficit and augmented hippocampal-prefrontal theta coherence. Concurrently, insulin therapy enhanced spatial memory and object recognition memory performance in behavioral tests. Insulin mitigated tau and amyloid pathology and hippocampal neuronal loss. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings underscore the potential of intranasal insulin to enhance memory function by modulating hippocampal-prefrontal cortical synchronization and alleviating impairments in hippocampal sharp-wave ripples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Karimani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Asgari Taei
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Kaveh
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Leila Dargahi
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Young RA, Shin JD, Guo Z, Jadhav SP. Hippocampal-prefrontal communication subspaces align with behavioral and network patterns in a spatial memory task. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.08.601617. [PMID: 39026752 PMCID: PMC11257456 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.08.601617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Rhythmic network states have been theorized to facilitate communication between brain regions, but how these oscillations influence communication subspaces, i.e, the low-dimensional neural activity patterns that mediate inter-regional communication, and in turn how subspaces impact behavior remains unclear. Using a spatial memory task in rats, we simultaneously recorded ensembles from hippocampal CA1 and the prefrontal cortex (PFC) to address this question. We found that task behaviors best aligned with low-dimensional, shared subspaces between these regions, rather than local activity in either region. Critically, both network oscillations and speed modulated the structure and performance of this communication subspace. Contrary to expectations, theta coherence did not better predict CA1-PFC shared activity, while theta power played a more significant role. To understand the communication space, we visualized shared CA1-PFC communication geometry using manifold techniques and found ring-like structures. We hypothesize that these shared activity manifolds are utilized to mediate the task behavior. These findings suggest that memory-guided behaviors are driven by shared CA1-PFC interactions that are dynamically modulated by oscillatory states, offering a novel perspective on the interplay between rhythms and behaviorally relevant neural communication.
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Cushing SD, Moseley SC, Stimmell AC, Schatschneider C, Wilber AA. Rescuing impaired hippocampal-cortical interactions and spatial reorientation learning and memory during sleep in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease using hippocampal 40 Hz stimulation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.20.599921. [PMID: 38979221 PMCID: PMC11230253 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.20.599921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
In preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD), spatial learning and memory is impaired. We reported similar impairments in 3xTg-AD mice on a virtual maze (VM) spatial-reorientation-task that requires using landmarks to navigate. Hippocampal (HPC)-cortical dysfunction during sleep (important for memory consolidation) is a potential mechanism for memory impairments in AD. We previously found deficits in HPC-cortical coordination during sleep coinciding with VM impairments the next day. Some forms of 40 Hz stimulation seem to clear AD pathology in mice, and improve functional connectivity in AD patients. Thus, we implanted a recording array targeting parietal cortex (PC) and HPC to assess HPC-PC coordination, and an optical fiber targeting HPC for 40 Hz or sham optogenetic stimulation in 3xTg/PV cre mice. We assessed PC delta waves (DW) and HPC sharp wave ripples (SWRs). In sham mice, SWR-DW cross-correlations were reduced, similar to 3xTg-AD mice. In 40 Hz mice, this phase-locking was rescued, as was performance on the VM. However, rescued HPC-PC coupling no longer predicted performance as in NonTg animals. Instead, DWs and SWRs independently predicted performance in 40 Hz mice. Thus, 40 Hz stimulation of HPC rescued functional interactions in the HPC-PC network, and rescued impairments in spatial navigation, but did not rescue the correlation between HPC-PC coordination during sleep and learning and memory. Together this pattern of results could inform AD treatment timing by suggesting that despite applying 40 Hz stimulation before significant tau and amyloid aggregation, pathophysiological processes led to brain changes that were not fully reversed even though cognition was recovered. Significance Statement One of the earliest symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is getting lost in space or experiencing deficits in spatial navigation, which involve navigation computations as well as learning and memory. We investigated cross brain region interactions supporting memory formation as a potential causative factor of impaired spatial learning and memory in AD. To assess this relationship between AD pathophysiology, brain changes, and behavioral alterations, we used a targeted approach for clearing amyloid beta and tau to rescue functional interactions in the brain. This research strongly connects brain activity patterns during sleep to tau and amyloid accumulation, and will aid in understanding the mechanisms underlying cognitive dysfunction in AD. Furthermore, the results offer insight for improving early identification and treatment strategies.
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Zhang Y, Karadas M, Liu J, Gu X, Vöröslakos M, Li Y, Tsien RW, Buzsáki G. Interaction of acetylcholine and oxytocin neuromodulation in the hippocampus. Neuron 2024; 112:1862-1875.e5. [PMID: 38537642 PMCID: PMC11156550 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
A postulated role of subcortical neuromodulators is to control brain states. Mechanisms by which different neuromodulators compete or cooperate at various temporal scales remain an open question. We investigated the interaction of acetylcholine (ACh) and oxytocin (OXT) at slow and fast timescales during various brain states. Although these neuromodulators fluctuated in parallel during NREM packets, transitions from NREM to REM were characterized by a surge of ACh but a continued decrease of OXT. OXT signaling lagged behind ACh. High ACh was correlated with population synchrony and gamma oscillations during active waking, whereas minimum ACh predicts sharp-wave ripples (SPW-Rs). Optogenetic control of ACh and OXT neurons confirmed the active role of these neuromodulators in the observed correlations. Synchronous hippocampal activity consistently reduced OXT activity, whereas inactivation of the lateral septum-hypothalamus path attenuated this effect. Our findings demonstrate how cooperative actions of these neuromodulators allow target circuits to perform specific functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xinyi Gu
- Neuroscience Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Yulong Li
- School of Life Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Richard W Tsien
- Neuroscience Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - György Buzsáki
- Neuroscience Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
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7
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Kipp BT, Savage LM. Modulation of the p75NTR during Adolescent Alcohol Exposure Prevents Cholinergic Neuronal Atrophy and Associated Acetylcholine Activity and Behavioral Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5792. [PMID: 38891978 PMCID: PMC11172149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Binge alcohol consumption during adolescence can produce lasting deficits in learning and memory while also increasing the susceptibility to substance use disorders. The adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) rodent model mimics human adolescent binge drinking and has identified the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NbM) as a key site of pathology. The NbM is a critical regulator of prefrontal cortical (PFC) cholinergic function and attention. The cholinergic phenotype is controlled pro/mature neurotrophin receptor activation. We sought to determine if p75NTR activity contributes to the loss of cholinergic phenotype in AIE by using a p75NTR modulator (LM11A-31) to inhibit prodegenerative signaling during ethanol exposure. Male and female rats underwent 5 g/kg ethanol (AIE) or water (CON) exposure following 2-day-on 2-day-off cycles from postnatal day 25-57. A subset of these groups also received a protective dose of LM11A-31 (50 mg/kg) during adolescence. Rats were trained on a sustained attention task (SAT) and behaviorally relevant acetylcholine (ACh) activity was recorded in the PFC with a fluorescent indicator (AChGRAB 3.0). AIE produced learning deficits on the SAT, which were spared with LM11A-31. In addition, PFC ACh activity was blunted by AIE, which LM11A-31 corrected. Investigation of NbM ChAT+ and TrkA+ neuronal expression found that AIE led to a reduction of ChAT+TrkA+ neurons, which again LM11A-31 protected. Taken together, these findings demonstrate the p75NTR activity during AIE treatment is a key regulator of cholinergic degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa M. Savage
- Department of Psychology, Binghamton University-State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA;
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8
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Kniffin A, Bangasser DA, Parikh V. Septohippocampal cholinergic system at the intersection of stress and cognition: Current trends and translational implications. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:2155-2180. [PMID: 37118907 PMCID: PMC10875782 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Deficits in hippocampus-dependent memory processes are common across psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders such as depression, anxiety and Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, stress is a major environmental risk factor for these pathologies and it exerts detrimental effects on hippocampal functioning via the activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The medial septum cholinergic neurons extensively innervate the hippocampus. Although, the cholinergic septohippocampal pathway (SHP) has long been implicated in learning and memory, its involvement in mediating the adaptive and maladaptive impact of stress on mnemonic processes remains less clear. Here, we discuss current research highlighting the contributions of cholinergic SHP in modulating memory encoding, consolidation and retrieval. Then, we present evidence supporting the view that neurobiological interactions between HPA axis stress response and cholinergic signalling impact hippocampal computations. Finally, we critically discuss potential challenges and opportunities to target cholinergic SHP as a therapeutic strategy to improve cognitive impairments in stress-related disorders. We argue that such efforts should consider recent conceptualisations on the dynamic nature of cholinergic signalling in modulating distinct subcomponents of memory and its interactions with cellular substrates that regulate the adaptive stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Kniffin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122
| | - Debra A. Bangasser
- Neuroscience Institute and Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Vinay Parikh
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122
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9
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Blanco I, Caccavano A, Wu JY, Vicini S, Glasgow E, Conant K. Coupling of Sharp Wave Events between Zebrafish Hippocampal and Amygdala Homologs. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1467232024. [PMID: 38508712 PMCID: PMC11044098 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1467-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The mammalian hippocampus exhibits spontaneous sharp wave events (1-30 Hz) with an often-present superimposed fast ripple oscillation (120-220 Hz) to form a sharp wave ripple (SWR) complex. During slow-wave sleep or quiet restfulness, SWRs result from the sequential spiking of hippocampal cell assemblies initially activated during learned or imagined experiences. Additional cortical/subcortical areas exhibit SWR events that are coupled to hippocampal SWRs, and studies in mammals suggest that coupling may be critical for the consolidation and recall of specific memories. In the present study, we have examined juvenile male and female zebrafish and show that SWR events are intrinsically generated and maintained within the telencephalon and that their hippocampal homolog, the anterodorsolateral lobe (ADL), exhibits SW events with ∼9% containing an embedded ripple (SWR). Single-cell calcium imaging coupled to local field potential recordings revealed that ∼10% of active cells in the dorsal telencephalon participate in any given SW event. Furthermore, fluctuations in cholinergic tone modulate SW events consistent with mammalian studies. Moreover, the basolateral amygdala (BLA) homolog exhibits SW events with ∼5% containing an embedded ripple. Computing the SW peak coincidence difference between the ADL and BLA showed bidirectional communication. Simultaneous coupling occurred more frequently within the same hemisphere, and in coupled events across hemispheres, the ADL more commonly preceded BLA. Together, these data suggest conserved mechanisms across species by which SW and SWR events are modulated, and memories may be transferred and consolidated through regional coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismary Blanco
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057
| | - Adam Caccavano
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057
| | - Jian-Young Wu
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057
- Departments of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057
| | - Stefano Vicini
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057
- Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057
| | - Eric Glasgow
- Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057
| | - Katherine Conant
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057
- Departments of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057
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10
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Kipp BT, Lisa MS. Modulation of the p75NTR during adolescent alcohol exposure prevents cholinergic neuronal atrophy and associated acetylcholine activity and behavioral dysfunction. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.03.587970. [PMID: 38617368 PMCID: PMC11014512 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.03.587970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Binge alcohol consumption during adolescence produces lasting deficits in learning and memory, while also increasing the susceptibility to substance use disorders. The adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) rodent model mimics human adolescent binge drinking and has identified the Nucleus Basalis Magnocellularis (NbM) as a key site of pathology. The NbM is a critical regulator of prefrontal cortical (PFC) cholinergic function and attention. The cholinergic phenotype is controlled pro/mature neurotrophin receptor activation. We sought to determine if p75NTR activity contributes to the loss of cholinergic phenotype in AIE by using a p75NTR modulator (LM11A-31) to inhibit prodegenerative signaling during ethanol exposure. Male and female rats underwent 5g/kg ethanol (AIE) or water (CON) exposure following 2-day-on 2-day-off cycles from PND 25-57. A subset of these groups also received a protective dose of LM11A-31 (50mg/kg) during adolescence. Rats were trained on a sustained attention task (SAT) while recording activity with a fluorescent acetylcholine indicator (AChGRAB 3.0). AIE produced learning deficits on the SAT, which were spared with LM11A-31. In addition, mPFC ACh activity was blunted by AIE, which LM11A-31 corrected. Investigation of NbM ChAT+ and TrkA+ neuronal expression found that AIE led to a reduction of ChAT+TrkA+ neurons, which again LM11A-31 protected. Taken together these findings demonstrate the p75NTR activity during AIE treatment is a key regulator of cholinergic degeneration.
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11
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Yang W, Sun C, Huszár R, Hainmueller T, Kiselev K, Buzsáki G. Selection of experience for memory by hippocampal sharp wave ripples. Science 2024; 383:1478-1483. [PMID: 38547293 PMCID: PMC11068097 DOI: 10.1126/science.adk8261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Experiences need to be tagged during learning for further consolidation. However, neurophysiological mechanisms that select experiences for lasting memory are not known. By combining large-scale neural recordings in mice with dimensionality reduction techniques, we observed that successive maze traversals were tracked by continuously drifting populations of neurons, providing neuronal signatures of both places visited and events encountered. When the brain state changed during reward consumption, sharp wave ripples (SPW-Rs) occurred on some trials, and their specific spike content decoded the trial blocks that surrounded them. During postexperience sleep, SPW-Rs continued to replay those trial blocks that were reactivated most frequently during waking SPW-Rs. Replay content of awake SPW-Rs may thus provide a neurophysiological tagging mechanism to select aspects of experience that are preserved and consolidated for future use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wannan Yang
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York City, NY, USA
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Chen Sun
- Mila - Quebec AI Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roman Huszár
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York City, NY, USA
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Hainmueller
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Kirill Kiselev
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - György Buzsáki
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York City, NY, USA
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York City, NY, USA
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12
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Gu Z, Stevanovic KD, Cushman JD, Yakel JL. Cholinergic-Sensitive Theta Oscillations in Memory Encoding in Mice. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1313232024. [PMID: 38331584 PMCID: PMC10957210 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1313-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholinergic regulation of hippocampal theta oscillations has long been proposed to be a potential mechanism underlying hippocampus-dependent memory encoding processes. However, cholinergic transmission has been traditionally associated with type II theta under urethane anesthesia. The mechanisms and behavioral significance of cholinergic regulation of type I theta in freely exploring animals is much less clear. In this study, we examined the potential behavioral significance of cholinergic regulation of theta oscillations in the object location task in male mice that involves training and testing trials and provides an ideal behavioral task to study the underlying memory encoding and retrieval processes, respectively. Cholinergic regulation of hippocampal theta oscillations and the behavioral outcomes was examined by either intrahippocampal infusion of cholinergic receptor antagonists or knocking out cholinergic receptors in excitatory neurons or interneurons. We found that both muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) and α7 nicotinic AChRs (α7 nAChRs) regulated memory encoding by engaging excitatory neurons and interneurons, respectively. There is a transient upregulated theta oscillation at the beginning of individual object exploration events that only occurred in the training trials, but not in the testing trials. This transient upregulated theta is also the only theta component that significantly differed between training and testing trials and was sensitive to mAChR and α7 nAChR antagonists. Thus, our study has revealed a transient cholinergic-sensitive theta component that is specifically associated with memory encoding, but not memory retrieval, in the object location task, providing direct experimental evidence supporting a role for cholinergic-regulated theta oscillations in hippocampus-dependent memory encoding processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglin Gu
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Korey D Stevanovic
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Jesse D Cushman
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Jerrel L Yakel
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
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Puhger K, Crestani AP, Diniz CRF, Wiltgen BJ. The hippocampus contributes to retroactive stimulus associations during trace fear conditioning. iScience 2024; 27:109035. [PMID: 38375237 PMCID: PMC10875141 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Binding events that occur at different times are essential for memory formation. In trace fear conditioning, animals associate a tone and footshock despite no temporal overlap. The hippocampus is thought to mediate this learning by maintaining a memory of the tone until shock occurrence, however, evidence for sustained hippocampal tone representations is lacking. Here, we demonstrate a retrospective role for the hippocampus in trace fear conditioning. Bulk calcium imaging revealed sustained increases in CA1 activity after footshock that were not observed after tone termination. Optogenetic silencing of CA1 immediately after footshock impaired subsequent memory. Additionally, footshock increased the number of sharp-wave ripples compared to baseline during conditioning. Therefore, post-shock hippocampal activity likely supports learning by reactivating and linking latent tone and shock representations. These findings highlight an underappreciated function of post-trial hippocampal activity in enabling retroactive temporal associations during new learning, as opposed to persistent maintenance of stimulus representations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Puhger
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, 135 Young Hall, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, 1544 Newton Court, Davis, CA 95618, USA
| | - Ana P. Crestani
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, 1544 Newton Court, Davis, CA 95618, USA
| | - Cassiano R.A. F. Diniz
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, 1544 Newton Court, Davis, CA 95618, USA
| | - Brian J. Wiltgen
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, 135 Young Hall, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, 1544 Newton Court, Davis, CA 95618, USA
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14
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Adaikkan C, Joseph J, Foustoukos G, Wang J, Polygalov D, Boehringer R, Middleton SJ, Huang AJY, Tsai LH, McHugh TJ. Silencing CA1 pyramidal cells output reveals the role of feedback inhibition in hippocampal oscillations. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2190. [PMID: 38467602 PMCID: PMC10928166 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46478-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The precise temporal coordination of neural activity is crucial for brain function. In the hippocampus, this precision is reflected in the oscillatory rhythms observed in CA1. While it is known that a balance between excitatory and inhibitory activity is necessary to generate and maintain these oscillations, the differential contribution of feedforward and feedback inhibition remains ambiguous. Here we use conditional genetics to chronically silence CA1 pyramidal cell transmission, ablating the ability of these neurons to recruit feedback inhibition in the local circuit, while recording physiological activity in mice. We find that this intervention leads to local pathophysiological events, with ripple amplitude and intrinsic frequency becoming significantly larger and spatially triggered local population spikes locked to the trough of the theta oscillation appearing during movement. These phenotypes demonstrate that feedback inhibition is crucial in maintaining local sparsity of activation and reveal the key role of lateral inhibition in CA1 in shaping circuit function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Justin Joseph
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Georgios Foustoukos
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Denis Polygalov
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Roman Boehringer
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Steven J Middleton
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Arthur J Y Huang
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Thomas J McHugh
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Saitama, Japan.
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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15
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Ishihara Y, Fujimoto K, Murai H, Ishikawa J, Mitsushima D. Classification of Hippocampal Ripples: Convolutional Neural Network Learns Episode-Specific Changes. Brain Sci 2024; 14:177. [PMID: 38391751 PMCID: PMC10886971 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14020177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is known to play an important role in memory by processing spatiotemporal information of episodic experiences. By recording synchronized multiple-unit firing events (ripple firings with 300 Hz-10 kHz) of hippocampal CA1 neurons in freely moving rats, we previously found an episode-dependent diversity in the waveform of ripple firings. In the present study, we hypothesized that changes in the diversity would depend on the type of episode experienced. If this hypothesis holds, we can identify the ripple waveforms associated with each episode. Thus, we first attempted to classify the ripple firings measured from rats into five categories: those experiencing any of the four episodes and those before experiencing any of the four episodes. In this paper, we construct a convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify the current stocks of ripple firings into these five categories and demonstrate that the CNN can successfully classify the ripple firings. We subsequently indicate partial ripple waveforms that the CNN focuses on for classification by applying gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) to the CNN. The method of t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) maps ripple waveforms into a two-dimensional feature space. Analyzing the distribution of partial waveforms extracted by Grad-CAM in a t-SNE feature space suggests that the partial waveforms may be representative of each category.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Ishihara
- Graduate School of Science for Creative Emergence, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0396, Japan
| | - Ken'ichi Fujimoto
- Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0396, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murai
- Faculty of Global and Science Studies, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8541, Japan
| | - Junko Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Dai Mitsushima
- Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
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16
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Zhang H, Skelin I, Ma S, Paff M, Mnatsakanyan L, Yassa MA, Knight RT, Lin JJ. Awake ripples enhance emotional memory encoding in the human brain. Nat Commun 2024; 15:215. [PMID: 38172140 PMCID: PMC10764865 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Enhanced memory for emotional experiences is hypothesized to depend on amygdala-hippocampal interactions during memory consolidation. Here we show using intracranial recordings from the human amygdala and the hippocampus during an emotional memory encoding and discrimination task increased awake ripples after encoding of emotional, compared to neutrally-valenced stimuli. Further, post-encoding ripple-locked stimulus similarity is predictive of later memory discrimination. Ripple-locked stimulus similarity appears earlier in the amygdala than in hippocampus and mutual information analysis confirms amygdala influence on hippocampal activity. Finally, the joint ripple-locked stimulus similarity in the amygdala and hippocampus is predictive of correct memory discrimination. These findings provide electrophysiological evidence that post-encoding ripples enhance memory for emotional events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, 92603, CA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, 92603, CA, USA.
| | - Ivan Skelin
- Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1M8, Canada
- Department Center for Advancing Neurotechnological Innovation to Application, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2A2, Canada
| | - Shiting Ma
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, 92603, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Paff
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, 92603, CA, USA
| | - Lilit Mnatsakanyan
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, 92603, CA, USA
| | - Michael A Yassa
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, 92603, CA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, 92697, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, 92697, CA, USA
| | - Robert T Knight
- Department of Psychology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, 94720, CA, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, 94720, CA, USA
| | - Jack J Lin
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, 95817, CA, USA.
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California Davis, Davis, 95618, CA, USA.
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17
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Yang W, Sun C, Huszár R, Hainmueller T, Buzsáki G. Selection of experience for memory by hippocampal sharp wave ripples. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.07.565935. [PMID: 37987008 PMCID: PMC10659301 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.07.565935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
A general wisdom is that experiences need to be tagged during learning for further consolidation. However, brain mechanisms that select experiences for lasting memory are not known. Combining large-scale neural recordings with a novel application of dimensionality reduction techniques, we observed that successive traversals in the maze were tracked by continuously drifting populations of neurons, providing neuronal signatures of both places visited and events encountered (trial number). When the brain state changed during reward consumption, sharp wave ripples (SPW-Rs) occurred on some trials and their unique spike content most often decoded the trial in which they occurred. In turn, during post-experience sleep, SPW-Rs continued to replay those trials that were reactivated most frequently during awake SPW-Rs. These findings suggest that replay content of awake SPW-Rs provides a tagging mechanism to select aspects of experience that are preserved and consolidated for future use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wannan Yang
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, NY, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chen Sun
- Mila - Quebec AI Institute, Montréal, Canada
| | - Roman Huszár
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Hainmueller
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - György Buzsáki
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, NY, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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18
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Tsunematsu T, Matsumoto S, Merkler M, Sakata S. Pontine Waves Accompanied by Short Hippocampal Sharp Wave-Ripples During Non-rapid Eye Movement Sleep. Sleep 2023; 46:zsad193. [PMID: 37478470 PMCID: PMC10485565 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ponto-geniculo-occipital or pontine (P) waves have long been recognized as an electrophysiological signature of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. However, P-waves can be observed not just during REM sleep, but also during non-REM (NREM) sleep. Recent studies have uncovered that P-waves are functionally coupled with hippocampal sharp wave ripples (SWRs) during NREM sleep. However, it remains unclear to what extent P-waves during NREM sleep share their characteristics with P-waves during REM sleep and how the functional coupling to P-waves modulates SWRs. Here, we address these issues by performing multiple types of electrophysiological recordings and fiber photometry in both sexes of mice. P-waves during NREM sleep share their waveform shapes and local neural ensemble dynamics at a short (~100 milliseconds) timescale with their REM sleep counterparts. However, the dynamics of mesopontine cholinergic neurons are distinct at a longer (~10 seconds) timescale: although P-waves are accompanied by cholinergic transients, the cholinergic tone gradually reduces before P-wave genesis during NREM sleep. While P-waves are coupled to hippocampal theta rhythms during REM sleep, P-waves during NREM sleep are accompanied by a rapid reduction in hippocampal ripple power. SWRs coupled with P-waves are short-lived and hippocampal neural firing is also reduced after P-waves. These results demonstrate that P-waves are part of coordinated sleep-related activity by functionally coupling with hippocampal ensembles in a state-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Tsunematsu
- Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-, Japan
| | - Sumire Matsumoto
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-, Japan
| | - Mirna Merkler
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Shuzo Sakata
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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19
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Lisgaras CP, Scharfman HE. Interictal Spikes in Alzheimer's Disease: Preclinical Evidence for Dominance of the Dentate Gyrus and Cholinergic Control by Medial Septum. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.24.537999. [PMID: 37163065 PMCID: PMC10168266 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.24.537999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
HIGHLIGHTS Interictal spikes (IIS) occur in 3 mouse lines with Alzheimer's disease featuresIIS in all 3 mouse lines were most frequent during rapid eye movement (REM) sleepThe dentate gyrus showed larger IIS and earlier current sources vs. CA1 or cortexChemogenetic silencing of medial septum (MS) cholinergic neurons reduced IIS during REMMS silencing did not change REM latency, duration, number of bouts or theta power. Interictal spikes (IIS) are a common type of abnormal electrical activity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and preclinical models. The brain regions where IIS are largest are not known but are important because such data would suggest sites that contribute to IIS generation. Because hippocampus and cortex exhibit altered excitability in AD models, we asked which areas dominate the activity during IIS along the cortical-CA1-dentate gyrus (DG) dorso-ventral axis. Because medial septal (MS) cholinergic neurons are overactive when IIS typically occur, we also tested the novel hypothesis that silencing the MS cholinergic neurons selectively would reduce IIS.We used mice that simulate aspects of AD: Tg2576 mice, presenilin 2 (PS2) knockout mice and Ts65Dn mice. To selectively silence MS cholinergic neurons, Tg2576 mice were bred with choline-acetyltransferase (ChAT)-Cre mice and offspring were injected in the MS with AAV encoding inhibitory designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs). We recorded local field potentials along the cortical-CA1-DG axis using silicon probes during wakefulness, slow-wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.We detected IIS in all transgenic or knockout mice but not age-matched controls. IIS were detectable throughout the cortical-CA1-DG axis and occurred primarily during REM sleep. In all 3 mouse lines, IIS amplitudes were significantly greater in the DG granule cell layer vs. CA1 pyramidal layer or overlying cortex. Current source density analysis showed robust and early current sources in the DG, and additional sources in CA1 and the cortex also. Selective chemogenetic silencing of MS cholinergic neurons significantly reduced IIS rate during REM sleep without affecting the overall duration, number of REM bouts, latency to REM sleep, or theta power during REM. Notably, two control interventions showed no effects.Consistent maximal amplitude and strong current sources of IIS in the DG suggest that the DG is remarkably active during IIS. In addition, selectively reducing MS cholinergic tone, at times when MS is hyperactive, could be a new strategy to reduce IIS in AD.
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20
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Puhl CJ, Wefelmeyer W, Burrone J. Cholinergic Stimulation Modulates the Functional Composition of CA3 Cell Types in the Hippocampus. J Neurosci 2023; 43:4972-4983. [PMID: 37277177 PMCID: PMC10324996 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0966-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The functional heterogeneity of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons has emerged as a key aspect of circuit function. Here, we explored the effects of long-term cholinergic activity on the functional heterogeneity of CA3 pyramidal neurons in organotypic slices obtained from male rat brains. Application of agonists to either AChRs generally, or mAChRs specifically, induced robust increases in network activity in the low-gamma range. Prolonged AChR stimulation for 48 h uncovered a population of hyperadapting CA3 pyramidal neurons that typically fired a single, early action potential in response to current injection. Although these neurons were present in control networks, their proportions were dramatically increased following long-term cholinergic activity. Characterized by the presence of a strong M-current, the hyperadaptation phenotype was abolished by acute application of either M-channel antagonists or the reapplication of AChR agonists. We conclude that long-term mAChR activation modulates the intrinsic excitability of a subset of CA3 pyramidal cells, uncovering a highly plastic cohort of neurons that are sensitive to chronic ACh modulation. Our findings provide evidence for the activity-dependent plasticity of functional heterogeneity in the hippocampus.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The large heterogeneity of neuron types in the brain, each with its own specific functional properties, provides the rich cellular tapestry needed to account for the vast diversity of behaviors. By studying the functional properties of neurons in the hippocampus, a region of the brain involved in learning and memory, we find that exposure to the neuromodulator acetylcholine can alter the relative number of functionally defined neuron types. Our findings suggest that the heterogeneity of neurons in the brain is not a static feature but can be modified by the ongoing activity of the circuits to which they belong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Jon Puhl
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Kings College London, New Hunts House, Guys Hospital Campus, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Kings College London, New Hunts House, Guys Hospital Campus, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Winnie Wefelmeyer
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Kings College London, New Hunts House, Guys Hospital Campus, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Kings College London, New Hunts House, Guys Hospital Campus, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Juan Burrone
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Kings College London, New Hunts House, Guys Hospital Campus, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Kings College London, New Hunts House, Guys Hospital Campus, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
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21
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Xie B, Zhen Z, Guo O, Li H, Guo M, Zhen J. Progress on the hippocampal circuits and functions based on sharp wave ripples. Brain Res Bull 2023:110695. [PMID: 37353037 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Sharp wave ripples (SWRs) are high-frequency synchronization events generated by hippocampal neuronal circuits during various forms of learning and reactivated during memory consolidation and recall. There is mounting evidence that SWRs are essential for storing spatial and social memories in rodents and short-term episodic memories in humans. Sharp wave ripples originate mainly from the hippocampal CA3 and subiculum, and can be transmitted to modulate neuronal activity in cortical and subcortical regions for long-term memory consolidation and behavioral guidance. Different hippocampal subregions have distinct functions in learning and memory. For instance, the dorsal CA1 is critical for spatial navigation, episodic memory, and learning, while the ventral CA1 and dorsal CA2 may work cooperatively to store and consolidate social memories. Here, we summarize recent studies demonstrating that SWRs are essential for the consolidation of spatial, episodic, and social memories in various hippocampal-cortical pathways, and review evidence that SWR dysregulation contributes to cognitive impairments in neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxu Xie
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhihang Zhen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ouyang Guo
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Heming Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Moran Guo
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Junli Zhen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China.
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22
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Zheng J, Zhu H, Zhao Z, Du M, Wang Z, Lan L, Zhang J. Vesicular acetylcholine transporter in the basal forebrain improves cognitive impairment in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rats by modulating theta oscillations in the hippocampus. Neurosci Lett 2023; 807:137281. [PMID: 37120008 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
The cholinergic transmission in the medial septum and ventral limb of the diagonal band of broca (MS/VDB)-hippocampal circuit and its associated theta oscillations play a crucial role in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH)-related cognitive impairment. However, the contribution and mechanism of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), a vital protein that regulates acetylcholine (ACh) release, in CCH-related cognitive impairment are not well understood. To investigate this, we established a rat model of CCH by performing 2-vessel occlusion (2-VO) and overexpressed VAChT in the MS/VDB via stereotaxic injection of adeno-associated virus (AAV). We evaluated the cognitive function of the rats using the Morris Water Maze (MWM) and Novel Object Recognition Test (NOR). We employed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot (WB), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to assess hippocampal cholinergic levels. We also conducted in vivo local field potentials (LFPs) recording experiments to evaluate changes in hippocampal theta oscillations and synchrony. Our findings showed that VAChT overexpression shortened the escape latency in the hidden platform test, increased swimming time in the platform quadrant in probe trains, and increased the recognition index (RI) in NOR. Moreover, VAChT overexpression increased hippocampal cholinergic levels, improved theta oscillations, and improved the synchrony of theta oscillations between CA1 and CA3 in CCH rats. These results suggest that VAChT plays a protective role in CCH-induced cognitive deficits by regulating cholinergic transmission in the MS/VDB-hippocampal circuit and promoting hippocampal theta oscillations. Therefore, VAChT could be a promising therapeutic target for treating CCH-related cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Miaoyu Du
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Zhitian Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Liuyi Lan
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Junjian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China.
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23
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Ananth MR, Rajebhosale P, Kim R, Talmage DA, Role LW. Basal forebrain cholinergic signalling: development, connectivity and roles in cognition. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:233-251. [PMID: 36823458 PMCID: PMC10439770 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholine plays an essential role in fundamental aspects of cognition. Studies that have mapped the activity and functional connectivity of cholinergic neurons have shown that the axons of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons innervate the pallium with far more topographical and functional organization than was historically appreciated. Together with the results of studies using new probes that allow release of acetylcholine to be detected with high spatial and temporal resolution, these findings have implicated cholinergic networks in 'binding' diverse behaviours that contribute to cognition. Here, we review recent findings on the developmental origins, connectivity and function of cholinergic neurons, and explore the participation of cholinergic signalling in the encoding of cognition-related behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mala R Ananth
- Section on Circuits, Synapses, and Molecular Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Prithviraj Rajebhosale
- Section on Genetics of Neuronal Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ronald Kim
- Section on Genetics of Neuronal Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David A Talmage
- Section on Genetics of Neuronal Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lorna W Role
- Section on Circuits, Synapses, and Molecular Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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24
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Soula M, Martín-Ávila A, Zhang Y, Dhingra A, Nitzan N, Sadowski MJ, Gan WB, Buzsáki G. Forty-hertz light stimulation does not entrain native gamma oscillations in Alzheimer's disease model mice. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:570-578. [PMID: 36879142 PMCID: PMC10839995 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01270-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
There is a demand for noninvasive methods to ameliorate disease. We investigated whether 40-Hz flickering light entrains gamma oscillations and suppresses amyloid-β in the brains of APP/PS1 and 5xFAD mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. We used multisite silicon probe recording in the visual cortex, entorhinal cortex or the hippocampus and found that 40-Hz flickering simulation did not engage native gamma oscillations in these regions. Additionally, spike responses in the hippocampus were weak, suggesting 40-Hz light does not effectively entrain deep structures. Mice avoided 40-Hz flickering light, associated with elevated cholinergic activity in the hippocampus. We found no reliable changes in plaque count or microglia morphology by either immunohistochemistry or in vivo two-photon imaging following 40-Hz stimulation, nor reduced levels of amyloid-β 40/42. Thus, visual flicker stimulation may not be a viable mechanism for modulating activity in deep structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Soula
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alejandro Martín-Ávila
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yiyao Zhang
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Annika Dhingra
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Noam Nitzan
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin J Sadowski
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wen-Biao Gan
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - György Buzsáki
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
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25
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Chen ZS, Wilson MA. How our understanding of memory replay evolves. J Neurophysiol 2023; 129:552-580. [PMID: 36752404 PMCID: PMC9988534 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00454.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Memory reactivations and replay, widely reported in the hippocampus and cortex across species, have been implicated in memory consolidation, planning, and spatial and skill learning. Technological advances in electrophysiology, calcium imaging, and human neuroimaging techniques have enabled neuroscientists to measure large-scale neural activity with increasing spatiotemporal resolution and have provided opportunities for developing robust analytic methods to identify memory replay. In this article, we first review a large body of historically important and representative memory replay studies from the animal and human literature. We then discuss our current understanding of memory replay functions in learning, planning, and memory consolidation and further discuss the progress in computational modeling that has contributed to these improvements. Next, we review past and present analytic methods for replay analyses and discuss their limitations and challenges. Finally, looking ahead, we discuss some promising analytic methods for detecting nonstereotypical, behaviorally nondecodable structures from large-scale neural recordings. We argue that seamless integration of multisite recordings, real-time replay decoding, and closed-loop manipulation experiments will be essential for delineating the role of memory replay in a wide range of cognitive and motor functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Sage Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, New York, United States
| | - Matthew A Wilson
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
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26
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Oliva A, Fernandez-Ruiz A, Karaba LA. CA2 orchestrates hippocampal network dynamics. Hippocampus 2023; 33:241-251. [PMID: 36575880 PMCID: PMC9974898 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The hippocampus is composed of various subregions: CA1, CA2, CA3, and the dentate gyrus (DG). Despite the abundant hippocampal research literature, until recently, CA2 received little attention. The development of new genetic and physiological tools allowed recent studies characterizing the unique properties and functional roles of this hippocampal subregion. Despite its small size, the cellular content of CA2 is heterogeneous at the molecular and physiological levels. CA2 has been heavily implicated in social behaviors, including social memory. More generally, the mechanisms by which the hippocampus is involved in memory include the reactivation of neuronal ensembles following experience. This process is coordinated by synchronous network events known as sharp-wave ripples (SWRs). Recent evidence suggests that CA2 plays an important role in the generation of SWRs. The unique connectivity and physiological properties of CA2 pyramidal cells make this region a computational hub at the core of hippocampal information processing. Here, we review recent findings that support the role of CA2 in coordinating hippocampal network dynamics from a systems neuroscience perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azahara Oliva
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | | | - Lindsay A Karaba
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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27
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Salimi-Nezhad N, Missault S, Notario-Reinoso A, Hassani A, Amiri M, Keliris GA. The impact of selective and non-selective medial septum stimulation on hippocampal neuronal oscillations: A study based on modeling and experiments. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 180:106052. [PMID: 36822547 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with a rising socioeconomic impact on societies. The hippocampus (HPC), which plays an important role in AD, is affected in the early stages. The medial septum (MS) in the forebrain provides major cholinergic input to the HPC and has been shown to play a significant role in generating oscillations in hippocampal neurons. Cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain are particularly vulnerable to neurodegeneration in AD. To better understand the role of MS neurons including the cholinergic, glutamatergic, and GABAergic subpopulations in generating the well-known brain rhythms in HPC including delta, theta, slow gamma, and fast gamma oscillations, we designed a detailed computational model of the septohippocampal pathway. We validated the results of our model, using electrophysiological recordings in HPC with and without stimulation of the cholinergic neurons in MS using designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) in healthy male ChAT-cre rats. Then, we eliminated 75% of the MS cholinergic neurons in the model to simulate degeneration in AD. A series of selective and non-selective stimulations of the remaining MS neurons were performed to understand the dynamics of oscillation regulation in the HPC during the degenerated state. In this way, appropriate stimulation strategies able to normalize the aberrant oscillations are proposed. We found that selectively stimulating the remaining healthy cholinergic neurons was sufficient for network recovery and compare this to stimulating other subpopulations and a non-selective stimulation of all MS neurons. Our data provide valuable information for the development of new therapeutic strategies in AD and a tool to test and predict the outcome of potential theranostic manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Salimi-Nezhad
- Medical Biology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Anaïs Notario-Reinoso
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Atefe Hassani
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahmood Amiri
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Georgios A Keliris
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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28
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Doostmohammadi J, Gieselmann MA, van Kempen J, Lashgari R, Yoonessi A, Thiele A. Ripples in macaque V1 and V4 are modulated by top-down visual attention. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2210698120. [PMID: 36696442 PMCID: PMC9945997 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2210698120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) are highly synchronous neuronal activity events. They have been predominantly observed in the hippocampus during offline states such as pause in exploration, slow-wave sleep, and quiescent wakefulness. SWRs have been linked to memory consolidation, spatial navigation, and spatial decision-making. Recently, SWRs have been reported during visual search, a form of remote spatial exploration, in macaque hippocampus. However, the association between SWRs and multiple forms of awake conscious and goal-directed behavior is unknown. We report that ripple activity occurs in macaque visual areas V1 and V4 during focused spatial attention. The occurrence of ripples is modulated by stimulus characteristics, increased by attention toward the receptive field, and by the size of the attentional focus. During attention cued to the receptive field, the monkey's reaction time in detecting behaviorally relevant events was reduced by ripples. These results show that ripple activity is not limited to hippocampal activity during offline states, rather they occur in the neocortex during active attentive states and vigilance behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jafar Doostmohammadi
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran13, Iran
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon TyneNE1 7RU, United Kingdom
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences, IPM, Tehran13, Iran
| | - Marc Alwin Gieselmann
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon TyneNE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Jochem van Kempen
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon TyneNE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Reza Lashgari
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran13, Iran
| | - Ali Yoonessi
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran13, Iran
| | - Alexander Thiele
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon TyneNE1 7RU, United Kingdom
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Etter G, van der Veldt S, Choi J, Williams S. Optogenetic frequency scrambling of hippocampal theta oscillations dissociates working memory retrieval from hippocampal spatiotemporal codes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:410. [PMID: 36697399 PMCID: PMC9877037 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35825-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The precise temporal coordination of activity in the brain is thought to be fundamental for memory function. Inhibitory neurons in the medial septum provide a prominent source of innervation to the hippocampus and play a major role in controlling hippocampal theta (~8 Hz) oscillations. While pharmacological inhibition of medial septal neurons is known to disrupt memory, the exact role of septal inhibitory neurons in regulating hippocampal representations and memory is not fully understood. Here, we dissociate the role of theta rhythms in spatiotemporal coding and memory using an all-optical interrogation and recording approach. We find that optogenetic frequency scrambling stimulations abolish theta oscillations and modulate a portion of neurons in the hippocampus. Such stimulation decreased episodic and working memory retrieval while leaving hippocampal spatiotemporal codes intact. Our study suggests that theta rhythms play an essential role in memory but may not be necessary for hippocampal spatiotemporal codes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Etter
- McGill University & Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada.
| | | | - Jisoo Choi
- McGill University & Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sylvain Williams
- McGill University & Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada.
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30
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Sun W, Zhao X, Wan Y, Yang Y, Li X, Chen X, Mei Y, An L. Prenatal cyanuric acid exposure induced spatial learning impairments associated with alteration of acetylcholine-mediated neural information flow at the hippocampal CA3-CA1 synapses of male rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2023; 42:9603271231163477. [PMID: 36890733 DOI: 10.1177/09603271231163477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Cyanuric acid (CA) is reported to induce nephrotoxicity but its toxic effect is not fully known. Prenatal CA exposure causes neurodevelopmental deficits and abnormal behavior in spatial learning ability. Dysfunction of the acetyl-cholinergic system in neural information processing is correlated with spatial learning impairment and was found in the previous reports of CA structural analogue melamine. To further investigate the neurotoxic effects and the potential mechanism, the acetylcholine (ACh) level was detected in the rats which were exposed to CA during the whole of gestation. Local field potentials (LFPs) were recorded when rats infused with ACh or cholinergic receptor agonist into hippocampal CA3 or CA1 region were trained in the Y-maze task. We found the expression of ACh in the hippocampus was significantly reduced in dose-dependent manners. Intra-hippocampal infusion of ACh into the CA1 but not the CA3 region could effectively mitigate learning deficits induced by CA exposure. However, activation of cholinergic receptors did not rescue the learning impairments. In the LFP recording, we found that the hippocampal ACh infusions could enhance the values of phase synchronization between CA3 and CA1 regions in theta and alpha oscillations. Meanwhile, the reduction in the coupling directional index and the strength of CA3 driving CA1 in the CA-treated groups was also reversed by the ACh infusions. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis and provide the first evidence that prenatal CA exposure induced spatial learning defect is attributed to the weakened ACh-mediated neuronal coupling and NIF in the CA3-CA1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Department of Obstetrics, 326770The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China.,Department of Geriatrics, 326770The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China.,Department of Pediatric, 326770The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Xuanyin Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, 326770The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yiwen Wan
- Department of Neurology, Jinan Geriatric/Rehabilitation Hospital, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, 70570Shenzhen Bao'an Hospital Affiliated of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pediatric, 326770The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- Department of Neurology, Jinan Geriatric/Rehabilitation Hospital, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Neurology, Jinan Geriatric/Rehabilitation Hospital, China
| | - Yazi Mei
- 47879Graduate School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei An
- Department of Geriatrics, 326770The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China.,Department of Pediatric, 326770The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China.,Department of Neurology, Jinan Geriatric/Rehabilitation Hospital, China.,47879Graduate School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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31
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Dong R, Lv P, Han Y, Jiang L, Wang Z, Peng L, Ma Z, Xia T, Zhang B, Gu X. Enhancement of astrocytic gap junctions Connexin43 coupling can improve long-term isoflurane anesthesia-mediated brain network abnormalities and cognitive impairment. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:2281-2297. [PMID: 36153812 PMCID: PMC9627365 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Astrocytes are connected by gap junctions Connexin43 (GJs-Cx43) forming an extensive intercellular network and maintain brain homeostasis. Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) occurs frequently after anesthesia/surgery and worsens patient outcome, but the neural circuit mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the effects of the GJs-Cx43-mediated astrocytic network on PND and ascertain the underlying neural circuit mechanism. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were treated with long-term isoflurane exposure to construct a mouse model of PND. We also exposed primary mouse astrocytes to long-term isoflurane exposure to simulate the conditions of in vivo cognitive dysfunction. Behavioral tests were performed using the Y-maze and fear conditioning (FC) tests. Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) were used to investigate brain activity and functional connectivity. Western blot and flow cytometry analysis were used to assess protein expression. RESULTS Reconfiguring the astrocytic network by increasing GJs-Cx43 expression can modulate 22 subregions affected by PND in three ways: reversed activation, reversed inhibition, and intensified activation. The brain functional connectivity analysis further suggests that PND is a brain network disorder that includes sleep-wake rhythm-related brain regions, contextual and fear memory-related subregions, the hippocampal-amygdala circuit, the septo-hippocampal circuit, and the entorhinal-hippocampal circuit. Notably, remodeling the astrocytic network by upregulation of GJs-Cx43 can partially reverse the abnormalities in the above circuits. Pathophysiological degeneration in hippocampus is one of the primary hallmarks of PND pathology, and long-term isoflurane anesthesia contributes to oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus. However, promoting the formation of GJs-Cx43 ameliorated cognitive dysfunction induced by long-term isoflurane anesthesia through the attenuation of oxidative stress in hippocampus. CONCLUSION Enhancing GJs-Cx43 coupling can improve brain network abnormalities and cognitive impairment induced by long-term isoflurane anesthesia, its mechanisms might be associated with the regulation of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Dong
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Pin Lv
- Department of RadiologyThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Yuqiang Han
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Linhao Jiang
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Zimo Wang
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Liangyu Peng
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Zhengliang Ma
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Tianjiao Xia
- Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of RadiologyThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineNanjingChina,Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial IntelligenceNanjing UniversityNanjingChina,Institute of Brain ScienceNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiaoping Gu
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
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32
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Kopsick JD, Hartzell K, Lazaro H, Nambiar P, Hasselmo ME, Dannenberg H. Temporal dynamics of cholinergic activity in the septo-hippocampal system. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 16:957441. [PMID: 36092276 PMCID: PMC9452968 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2022.957441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholinergic projection neurons in the medial septum and diagonal band of Broca are the major source of cholinergic modulation of hippocampal circuit functions that support neural coding of location and running speed. Changes in cholinergic modulation are known to correlate with changes in brain states, cognitive functions, and behavior. However, whether cholinergic modulation can change fast enough to serve as a potential speed signal in hippocampal and parahippocampal cortices and whether the temporal dynamics in such a signal depend on the presence of visual cues remain unknown. In this study, we use a fiber-photometric approach to quantify the temporal dynamics of cholinergic activity in freely moving mice as a function of the animal's movement speed and visual cues. We show that the population activity of cholinergic neurons in the medial septum and diagonal band of Broca changes fast enough to be aligned well with changes in the animal's running speed and is strongly and linearly correlated to the logarithm of the animal's running speed. Intriguingly, the cholinergic modulation remains strongly and linearly correlated to the speed of the animal's neck movements during periods of stationary activity. Furthermore, we show that cholinergic modulation is unaltered during darkness. Lastly, we identify rearing, a stereotypic behavior where the mouse stands on its hindlimbs to scan the environment from an elevated perspective, is associated with higher cholinergic activity than expected from neck movements on the horizontal plane alone. Taken together, these data show that temporal dynamics in the cholinergic modulation of hippocampal circuits are fast enough to provide a potential running speed signal in real-time. Moreover, the data show that cholinergic modulation is primarily a function of the logarithm of the animal's movement speed, both during locomotion and during stationary activity, with no significant interaction with visual inputs. These data advance our understanding of temporal dynamics in cholinergic modulation of hippocampal circuits and their functions in the context of neural coding of location and running speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D. Kopsick
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
- Interdisciplinary Program for Neuroscience, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
| | - Kyle Hartzell
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
| | - Hallie Lazaro
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pranav Nambiar
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michael E. Hasselmo
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Holger Dannenberg
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
- Interdisciplinary Program for Neuroscience, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
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Abstract
When navigating through space, we must maintain a representation of our position in real time; when recalling a past episode, a memory can come back in a flash. Interestingly, the brain's spatial representation system, including the hippocampus, supports these two distinct timescale functions. How are neural representations of space used in the service of both real-world navigation and internal mnemonic processes? Recent progress has identified sequences of hippocampal place cells, evolving at multiple timescales in accordance with either navigational behaviors or internal oscillations, that underlie these functions. We review experimental findings on experience-dependent modulation of these sequential representations and consider how they link real-world navigation to time-compressed memories. We further discuss recent work suggesting the prevalence of these sequences beyond hippocampus and propose that these multiple-timescale mechanisms may represent a general algorithm for organizing cell assemblies, potentially unifying the dual roles of the spatial representation system in memory and navigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Tang
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA;
| | - Shantanu P Jadhav
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, and Volen National Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA;
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34
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Huang Q, Liao C, Ge F, Ao J, Liu T. Acetylcholine bidirectionally regulates learning and memory. JOURNAL OF NEURORESTORATOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnrt.2022.100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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35
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Gu Z, Yakel JL. Cholinergic Regulation of Hippocampal Theta Rhythm. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040745. [PMID: 35453495 PMCID: PMC9027244 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholinergic regulation of hippocampal theta rhythm has been proposed as one of the central mechanisms underlying hippocampal functions including spatial memory encoding. However, cholinergic transmission has been traditionally associated with atropine-sensitive type II hippocampal theta oscillations that occur during alert immobility or in urethane-anesthetized animals. The role of cholinergic regulation of type I theta oscillations in behaving animals is much less clear. Recent studies strongly suggest that both cholinergic muscarinic and nicotinic receptors do actively regulate type I hippocampal theta oscillations and thus provide the cholinergic mechanism for theta-associated hippocampal learning. Septal cholinergic activation can regulate hippocampal circuit and theta expression either through direct septohippocampal cholinergic projections, or through septal glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons, that can precisely entrain hippocampal theta rhythmicity.
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36
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Jelitai M, Barth AM, Komlósi F, Freund TF, Varga V. Activity and Coupling to Hippocampal Oscillations of Median Raphe GABAergic Cells in Awake Mice. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 15:784034. [PMID: 34975416 PMCID: PMC8718440 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.784034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascending serotonergic/glutamatergic projection from the median raphe region (MRR) to the hippocampal formation regulates both encoding and consolidation of memory and the oscillations associated with them. The firing of various types of MRR neurons exhibits rhythmic modulation coupled to hippocampal oscillatory activity. A possible intermediary between rhythm-generating forebrain regions and entrained ascending modulation may be the GABAergic circuit in the MRR, known to be targeted by a diverse array of top-down inputs. However, the activity of inhibitory MRR neurons in an awake animal is still largely unexplored. In this study, we utilized whole cell patch-clamp, single cell, and multichannel extracellular recordings of GABAergic and non-GABAergic MRR neurons in awake, head-fixed mice. First, we have demonstrated that glutamatergic and serotonergic neurons receive both transient, phasic, and sustained tonic inhibition. Then, we observed substantial heterogeneity of GABAergic firing patterns but a marked modulation of activity by brain states and fine timescale coupling of spiking to theta and ripple oscillations. We also uncovered a correlation between the preferred theta phase and the direction of activity change during ripples, suggesting the segregation of inhibitory neurons into functional groups. Finally, we could detect complementary alteration of non-GABAergic neurons' ripple-coupled activity. Our findings support the assumption that the local inhibitory circuit in the MRR may synchronize ascending serotonergic/glutamatergic modulation with hippocampal activity on a subsecond timescale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Jelitai
- Subcortical Modulation Research Group, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Albert M Barth
- Subcortical Modulation Research Group, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Komlósi
- Subcortical Modulation Research Group, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás F Freund
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktor Varga
- Subcortical Modulation Research Group, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
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37
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O’Sullivan MJ, Oestreich LKL, Wright P, Clarkson AN. OUP accepted manuscript. Brain 2022; 145:1698-1710. [PMID: 35188545 PMCID: PMC9166559 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. O’Sullivan
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research and Institute of Molecular Bioscience, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital,
Brisbane, Australia
- Correspondence to: Prof Michael J. O’Sullivan Office of Research
& Implementation Building 34, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Butterfield St,
Herston, 4029, QLD, Australia E-mail:
| | - Lena K. L. Oestreich
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research and Institute of Molecular Bioscience, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland,
Brisbane, Australia
| | - Paul Wright
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College
London, London, UK
| | - Andrew N. Clarkson
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Health Research Centre and Brain Research New
Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin 9011, New
Zealand
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38
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Ross TW, Easton A. The Hippocampal Horizon: Constructing and Segmenting Experience for Episodic Memory. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 132:181-196. [PMID: 34826509 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
How do we recollect specific events that have occurred during continuous ongoing experience? There is converging evidence from non-human animals that spatially modulated cellular activity of the hippocampal formation supports the construction of ongoing events. On the other hand, recent human oriented event cognition models have outlined that our experience is segmented into discrete units, and that such segmentation can operate on shorter or longer timescales. Here, we describe a unification of how these dynamic physiological mechanisms of the hippocampus relate to ongoing externally and internally driven event segmentation, facilitating the demarcation of specific moments during experience. Our cross-species interdisciplinary approach offers a novel perspective in the way we construct and remember specific events, leading to the generation of many new hypotheses for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Ross
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom; Centre for Learning and Memory Processes, Durham University, United Kingdom.
| | - A Easton
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom; Centre for Learning and Memory Processes, Durham University, United Kingdom
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39
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Yan Y, Aierken A, Wang C, Song D, Ni J, Wang Z, Quan Z, Qing H. A potential biomarker of preclinical Alzheimer's disease: The olfactory dysfunction and its pathogenesis-based neural circuitry impairments. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 132:857-869. [PMID: 34810025 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The olfactory dysfunction can signal and act as a potential biomarker of preclinical AD. However, the precise regulatory mechanism of olfactory function on the neural pathogenesis of AD is still unclear. The impairment of neural networks in olfaction system has been shown to be tightly associated with AD. As key brain regions of the olfactory system, the olfactory bulb (OB) and the piriform cortex (PCx) have a profound influence on the olfactory function. Therefore, this review will explore the mechanism of olfactory dysfunction in preclinical AD in the perspective of abnormal neural networks in the OB and PCx and their associated brain regions, especially from two aspects of aberrant oscillations and synaptic plasticity damages, which help better understand the underlying mechanism of olfactory neural network damages related to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ailikemu Aierken
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chunjian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Da Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Junjun Ni
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Quan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Hong Qing
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Delorme J, Wang L, Kuhn FR, Kodoth V, Ma J, Martinez JD, Raven F, Toth BA, Balendran V, Vega Medina A, Jiang S, Aton SJ. Sleep loss drives acetylcholine- and somatostatin interneuron-mediated gating of hippocampal activity to inhibit memory consolidation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2019318118. [PMID: 34344824 PMCID: PMC8364159 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019318118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep loss disrupts consolidation of hippocampus-dependent memory. To characterize effects of learning and sleep loss, we quantified activity-dependent phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 (pS6) across the dorsal hippocampus of mice. We find that pS6 is enhanced in dentate gyrus (DG) following single-trial contextual fear conditioning (CFC) but is reduced throughout the hippocampus after brief sleep deprivation (SD; which disrupts contextual fear memory [CFM] consolidation). To characterize neuronal populations affected by SD, we used translating ribosome affinity purification sequencing to identify cell type-specific transcripts on pS6 ribosomes (pS6-TRAP). Cell type-specific enrichment analysis revealed that SD selectively activated hippocampal somatostatin-expressing (Sst+) interneurons and cholinergic and orexinergic hippocampal inputs. To understand the functional consequences of SD-elevated Sst+ interneuron activity, we used pharmacogenetics to activate or inhibit hippocampal Sst+ interneurons or cholinergic input from the medial septum. The activation of either cell population was sufficient to disrupt sleep-dependent CFM consolidation by gating activity in granule cells. The inhibition of either cell population during sleep promoted CFM consolidation and increased S6 phosphorylation among DG granule cells, suggesting their disinhibition by these manipulations. The inhibition of either population across post-CFC SD was insufficient to fully rescue CFM deficits, suggesting that additional features of sleeping brain activity are required for consolidation. Together, our data suggest that state-dependent gating of DG activity may be mediated by cholinergic input and local Sst+ interneurons. This mechanism could act as a sleep loss-driven inhibitory gate on hippocampal information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Delorme
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48019
| | - Lijing Wang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48019
| | - Femke Roig Kuhn
- Program in Behavioural and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Groningen, 9700 AB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Varna Kodoth
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48019
| | - Jingqun Ma
- Bioinformatics Core, Biomedical Research Core Facilities, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48019
| | - Jessy D Martinez
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48019
| | - Frank Raven
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48019
| | - Brandon A Toth
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48019
| | - Vinodh Balendran
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48019
| | - Alexis Vega Medina
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48019
| | - Sha Jiang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48019
| | - Sara J Aton
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48019;
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