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Lee CR, Kim MJ, Park SH, Kim S, Kim SY, Koh SJ, Lee S, Choi M, Chae JH, Park SG, Moon J. Recurrent fever of unknown origin and unexplained bacteremia in a patient with a novel 4.5 Mb microdeletion in Xp11.23-p11.22. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17801. [PMID: 39090138 PMCID: PMC11294525 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65341-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Fever of unknown origin (FUO) remains a formidable diagnostic challenge in the field of medicine. Numerous studies suggest an association between FUO and genetic factors, including chromosomal abnormalities. Here, we report a female patient with a 4.5 Mb Xp microdeletion, who presented with recurrent FUO, bacteremia, colitis, and hematochezia. To elucidate the underlying pathogenic mechanism, we employed a comprehensive approach involving single cell RNA sequencing, T cell receptor sequencing, and flow cytometry to evaluate CD4 T cells. Analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells revealed augmented Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell populations, and elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in serum. Notably, the patient exhibited impaired Treg cell function, possibly related to deletion of genes encoding FOPX3 and WAS. Single cell analysis revealed specific expansion of cytotoxic CD4 T lymphocytes, characterized by upregulation of various signature genes associated with cytotoxicity. Moreover, interferon-stimulated genes were upregulated in the CD4 T effector memory cluster. Further genetic analysis confirmed maternal inheritance of the Xp microdeletion. The patient and her mother exhibited X chromosome-skewed inactivation, a potential protective mechanism against extensive X chromosome deletions; however, the mother exhibited complete skewing and the patient exhibited incomplete skewing (85:15), which may have contributed to emergence of immunological symptoms. In summary, this case report describes an exceptional instance of FUO stemming from an incompletely inactivated X chromosome microdeletion, thereby increasing our understanding of the genetics underpinning FUO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Rong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Jin Kim
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Heon Park
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sheehyun Kim
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Kim
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Joon Koh
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungbok Lee
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Murim Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hee Chae
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gyoo Park
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jangsup Moon
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Liang C, Spoerl S, Xiao Y, Habenicht KM, Haeusl SS, Sandner I, Winkler J, Strieder N, Eder R, Stanewsky H, Alexiou C, Dudziak D, Rosenwald A, Edinger M, Rehli M, Hoffmann P, Winkler TH, Berberich-Siebelt F. Oligoclonal CD4 +CXCR5 + T cells with a cytotoxic phenotype appear in tonsils and blood. Commun Biol 2024; 7:879. [PMID: 39025930 PMCID: PMC11258247 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06563-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In clinical situations, peripheral blood accessible CD3+CD4+CXCR5+ T-follicular helper (TFH) cells may have to serve as a surrogate indicator for dysregulated germinal center responses in tissues. To determine the heterogeneity of TFH cells in peripheral blood versus tonsils, CD3+CD4+CD45RA-CXCR5+ cells of both origins were sorted. Transcriptomes, TCR repertoires and cell-surface protein expression were analysed by single-cell RNA sequencing, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Reassuringly, all blood-circulating CD3+CD4+CXCR5+ T-cell subpopulations also appear in tonsils, there with some supplementary TFH characteristics, while peripheral blood-derived TFH cells display markers of proliferation and migration. Three further subsets of TFH cells, however, with bona fide T-follicular gene expression patterns, are exclusively found in tonsils. One additional, distinct and oligoclonal CD4+CXCR5+ subpopulation presents pronounced cytotoxic properties. Those 'killer TFH (TFK) cells' can be discovered in peripheral blood as well as among tonsillar cells but are located predominantly outside of germinal centers. They appear terminally differentiated and can be distinguished from all other TFH subsets by expression of NKG7 (TIA-1), granzymes, perforin, CCL5, CCR5, EOMES, CRTAM and CX3CR1. All in all, this study provides data for detailed CD4+CXCR5+ T-cell assessment of clinically available blood samples and extrapolation possibilities to their tonsil counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Liang
- Functional Genomics and Systems Biology Group, Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Silvia Spoerl
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yin Xiao
- Institute of Pathology, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katharina M Habenicht
- Division of Genetics, Department Biology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center of Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sigrun S Haeusl
- Institute of Pathology, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Isabel Sandner
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Winkler
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Rüdiger Eder
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Alexiou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Else Kröner-Fresenius-Foundation-Professorship, Section of Experimental Oncology & Nanomedicine (SEON), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Diana Dudziak
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Rosenwald
- Institute of Pathology, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre Mainfranken, Julius-Maximilians-University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Edinger
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Rehli
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Petra Hoffmann
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas H Winkler
- Division of Genetics, Department Biology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center of Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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3
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Tan IL, Modderman R, Stachurska A, Almeida R, de Vries R, Heersema DJ, Gacesa R, Wijmenga C, Jonkers IH, Meilof JF, Withoff S. Potential biomarkers for multiple sclerosis stage from targeted proteomics and microRNA sequencing. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae209. [PMID: 38978729 PMCID: PMC11229703 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. There is a need for new circulating biomarkers for multiple sclerosis, in particular, markers that differentiate multiple sclerosis subtypes (relapsing-remitting, secondary progressive and primary progressive multiple sclerosis), as this can help in making treatment decisions. In this study, we explore two classes of potential multiple sclerosis biomarkers-proteins and microRNAs-circulating in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum. Targeted medium-throughput proteomics (92 proteins) and microRNA sequencing were performed on serum samples collected in a cross-sectional case-control cohort (cohort I, controls n = 30, multiple sclerosis n = 75) and a prospective multiple sclerosis cohort (cohort II, n = 93). For cohort I, we also made these measurements in paired cerebrospinal fluid samples. In the cohort I cerebrospinal fluid, we observed differences between multiple sclerosis and controls for 13 proteins, including some previously described to be markers for multiple sclerosis [e.g. CD27, C-X-C motif chemokine 13 (CXCL13) and interleukin-7 (IL7)]. No microRNAs were significantly differentially expressed between multiple sclerosis and controls in the cerebrospinal fluid. In serum, 10 proteins, including angiopoietin-1 receptor (TIE2), and 16 microRNAs were significantly different between relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis after performing a meta-analysis combining both cohorts. In the prospective part of the study, participants with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis were followed for around 3 years, during which time 12 participants converted to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. In these longitudinally collected serum samples, we observed a peak in granzyme B, A and H proteins around the time of conversion. Single-sample enrichment analysis of serum microRNA profiles revealed that the peak in granzyme B levels around conversion coincides with enrichment for microRNAs that are enriched in CD4+, CD8+ and natural killer cells (e.g. miRNA-150). We identified several proteins and microRNAs in serum that represent potential biomarkers for relapsing-remitting and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Conversion to secondary progressive disease is marked by a peak in granzyme B levels and enrichment for immune-related microRNAs. This indicates that specific immune cell-driven processes may contribute to the conversion of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ineke L Tan
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rutger Modderman
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Stachurska
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo Almeida
- Telespazio Belgium S.R.L. for the European Space Agency (ESA), 2200AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Riemer de Vries
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorothea J Heersema
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- MS Center Noord Nederland, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ranko Gacesa
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cisca Wijmenga
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Iris H Jonkers
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan F Meilof
- MS Center Noord Nederland, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sebo Withoff
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
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4
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Lalle G, Lautraite R, Bouherrou K, Plaschka M, Pignata A, Voisin A, Twardowski J, Perrin-Niquet M, Stéphan P, Durget S, Tonon L, Ardin M, Degletagne C, Viari A, Belgarbi Dutron L, Davoust N, Postler TS, Zhao J, Caux C, Caramel J, Dalle S, Cassier PA, Klein U, Schmidt-Supprian M, Liblau R, Ghosh S, Grinberg-Bleyer Y. NF-κB subunits RelA and c-Rel selectively control CD4+ T cell function in multiple sclerosis and cancer. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20231348. [PMID: 38563819 PMCID: PMC10986815 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20231348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The outcome of cancer and autoimmunity is often dictated by the effector functions of CD4+ conventional T cells (Tconv). Although activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway has long been implicated in Tconv biology, the cell-autonomous roles of the separate NF-κB transcription-factor subunits are unknown. Here, we dissected the contributions of the canonical NF-κB subunits RelA and c-Rel to Tconv function. RelA, rather than c-Rel, regulated Tconv activation and cytokine production at steady-state and was required for polarization toward the TH17 lineage in vitro. Accordingly, RelA-deficient mice were fully protected against neuroinflammation in a model of multiple sclerosis due to defective transition to a pathogenic TH17 gene-expression program. Conversely, Tconv-restricted ablation of c-Rel impaired their function in the microenvironment of transplanted tumors, resulting in enhanced cancer burden. Moreover, Tconv required c-Rel for the response to PD-1-blockade therapy. Our data reveal distinct roles for canonical NF-κB subunits in different disease contexts, paving the way for subunit-targeted immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilhem Lalle
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Raphaëlle Lautraite
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Khaled Bouherrou
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Maud Plaschka
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Aurora Pignata
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), UMR INSERM 1291, CNRS 5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Allison Voisin
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Julie Twardowski
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Marlène Perrin-Niquet
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Stéphan
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Sarah Durget
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Laurie Tonon
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Centre Léon Bérard, Gilles Thomas Bioinformatics Platform, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Maude Ardin
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Centre Léon Bérard, Gilles Thomas Bioinformatics Platform, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Cyril Degletagne
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Alain Viari
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Centre Léon Bérard, Gilles Thomas Bioinformatics Platform, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | - Nathalie Davoust
- Laboratory of Biology and Modelling of the Cell, Ecole Normale Supérieure of Lyon, CNRS UMR 5239, INSERM U1293, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas S. Postler
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jingyao Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christophe Caux
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Julie Caramel
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Stéphane Dalle
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe A. Cassier
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Ulf Klein
- Division of Haematology and Immunology, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James’s, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Marc Schmidt-Supprian
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roland Liblau
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), UMR INSERM 1291, CNRS 5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Sankar Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yenkel Grinberg-Bleyer
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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Kanazawa T, Sato W, Raveney BJE, Takewaki D, Kimura A, Yamaguchi H, Yokoi Y, Saika R, Takahashi Y, Fujita T, Saiki S, Tamaoka A, Oki S, Yamamura T. Pathogenic Potential of Eomesodermin-Expressing T-Helper Cells in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Ann Neurol 2024; 95:1093-1098. [PMID: 38516846 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Eomesodermin-expressing (Eomes+) T-helper (Th) cells show cytotoxic characteristics in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. We found that Eomes+ Th cell frequency was increased in the peripheral blood of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease patients. Furthermore, granzyme B production by Th cells from such patients was high compared with controls. A high frequency of Eomes+ Th cells was observed in the initial (acutely progressive) stage of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and a positive correlation between Eomes+ Th cell frequency and cognitive decline was observed in Alzheimer's disease patients. Therefore, Eomes+ Th cells may be involved in the pathology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:1093-1098.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Kanazawa
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Hitachi General Hospital, Hitachi, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Tsukuba University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Wakiro Sato
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Ben J E Raveney
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Daiki Takewaki
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Atsuko Kimura
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Hiromi Yamaguchi
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Yuma Yokoi
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Saika
- Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Fujita
- Department of Neurology, Hitachi General Hospital, Hitachi, Japan
| | - Shinji Saiki
- Department of Neurology, Tsukuba University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Akira Tamaoka
- Department of Neurology, Tsukuba University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Tsukuba Memorial Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shinji Oki
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamamura
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
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6
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Wang S, Wang D, Wang X, Chen M, Wang Y, Zhou H, Zhou Y, Lv Y, Wei H. Cytokine Storm Related to CD4 + T Cells in Influenza Virus-Associated Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy. Immune Netw 2024; 24:e18. [PMID: 38725671 PMCID: PMC11076295 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a rare but deadly complication with an unclear pathogenesis. We aimed to elucidate the immune characteristics of H1N1 influenza virus-associated ANE (IANE) and provide a potential therapeutic approach for IANE. Seven pediatric cases from a concentrated outbreak of H1N1 influenza were included in this study. The patients' CD4+ T cells from peripheral blood decreased sharply in number but highly expressed Eomesodermin (Eomes), CD69 and PD-1, companied with extremely high levels of IL-6, IL-8 in the cerebrospinal fluid and plasma. Patient 2, who showed high fever and seizures and was admitted to the hospital very early in the disease course, received intravenous tocilizumab and subsequently showed a reduction in temperature and a stable conscious state 24 h later. In conclusion, a proinflammatory cytokine storm associated with activated CD4+ T cells may cause severe brain pathology in IANE. Tocilizumab may be helpful in treating IANE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shushu Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Dongyao Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Mingwu Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Yanshi Wang
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Haoquan Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Yonggang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230007, China
- Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230007, China
| | - Yong Lv
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Haiming Wei
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230007, China
- Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230007, China
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7
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Jones DM, Tuazon JA, Read KA, Leonard MR, Pokhrel S, Sreekumar BK, Warren RT, Yount JS, Collins PL, Oestreich KJ. Cytotoxic Programming of CD4+ T Cells Is Regulated by Opposing Actions of the Related Transcription Factors Eos and Aiolos. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:1129-1141. [PMID: 38363226 PMCID: PMC10948294 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
In contrast to the "helper" activities of most CD4+ T effector subsets, CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD4-CTLs) perform functions normally associated with CD8+ T and NK cells. Specifically, CD4-CTLs secrete cytotoxic molecules and directly target and kill compromised cells in an MHC class II-restricted fashion. The functions of these cells have been described in diverse immunological contexts, including their ability to provide protection during antiviral and antitumor responses, as well as being implicated in autoimmunity. Despite their significance to human health, the complete mechanisms that govern their programming remain unclear. In this article, we identify the Ikaros zinc finger transcription factor Eos (Ikzf4) as a positive regulator of CD4-CTL differentiation during murine immune responses against influenza virus infection. We find that the frequency of Eos+ cells is elevated in lung CD4-CTL populations and that the cytotoxic gene program is compromised in Eos-deficient CD4+ T cells. Consequently, we observe a reduced frequency and number of lung-residing, influenza virus-responsive CD4-CTLs in the absence of Eos. Mechanistically, we determine that this is due, at least in part, to reduced expression of IL-2 and IL-15 cytokine receptor subunits on the surface of Eos-deficient CD4+ T cells, both of which support the CD4-CTL program. Finally, we find that Aiolos, a related Ikaros family member and known CD4-CTL antagonist, represses Eos expression by antagonizing STAT5-dependent activation of the Ikzf4 promoter. Collectively, our findings reveal a mechanism wherein Eos and Aiolos act in opposition to regulate cytotoxic programming of CD4+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin M Jones
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Columbus, OH
| | - Jasmine A Tuazon
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Columbus, OH
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Columbus, OH
| | - Kaitlin A Read
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Columbus, OH
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Melissa R Leonard
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- Combined Anatomic Pathology Residency/Ph.D. Program, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Srijana Pokhrel
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Bharath K Sreekumar
- Department of Medicine; Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA
| | - Robert T Warren
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Jacob S Yount
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Patrick L Collins
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology; The Ohio State Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Kenneth J Oestreich
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology; The Ohio State Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
- Infectious Diseases Institute; The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
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8
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Pulvirenti N, Silvetri Y, Clemente F, Bosotti R, Carelli E, Moschetti G, Gruarin P, Vasco C, Crosti MC, Sarnicola ML, Valenti L, Prati D, Abrignani S, Geginat J. Characterization of human CD4 +EOMES +GzmK + T-cell subsets unveils an uncoupling of suppressive functions from IL-10-producing capacities. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350675. [PMID: 38396108 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Human CD4+EOMES+ T cells are heterogeneous and contain Th1-cells, Tr1-cells, and CD4+CTL. Tr1- cells and non-classical EOMES+ Th1-cells displayed, respectively, anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokine profiles, but both expressed granzyme-K, produced IFN-γ, and suppressed T-cell proliferation. Diffusion map suggested a progressive CD4+T-cell differentiation from naïve to cytotoxic cells and identified EOMES+Th1-cells as putative Tr1-cell precursors (pre-Tr1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Pulvirenti
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Ylenia Silvetri
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Clemente
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Bosotti
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Carelli
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Moschetti
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Gruarin
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Vasco
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Crosti
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Sarnicola
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Valenti
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Biological Resource Center Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Prati
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Abrignani
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi, Milan, Italy
| | - Jens Geginat
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi, Milan, Italy
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9
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Chen S, Huan X, Xu C, Luo S, Zhao C, Zhong H, Zheng X, Qiao K, Dong Y, Wang Y, Liu C, Huang H, Chen Y, Zou Z. Eomesodermin expression in CD4 +T-cells associated with disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14503. [PMID: 37850654 PMCID: PMC11017423 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To clarify the role of Eomesodermin (EOMES) to serve as a disease-relevant biomarker and the intracellular molecules underlying the immunophenotype shifting of CD4+T subsets in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). METHODS The derivation and validation cohorts included a total of 148 ALS patients and 101 healthy controls (HCs). Clinical data and peripheral blood were collected. T-cell subsets and the EOMES expression were quantified using multicolor flow cytometry. Serum neurofilament light chain (NFL) was measured. In 1-year longitudinal follow-ups, the ALSFRS-R scores and primary endpoint events were further recorded in the ALS patients of the validation cohort. RESULTS In the derivation cohort, the CD4+EOMES+T-cell subsets were significantly increased (p < 0.001). EOMES+ subset was positively correlated with increased serum NFL levels in patients with onset longer than 12 months. In the validation cohort, the elevated CD4+EOMES+T-cell proportions and their association with NFL levels were also identified. The longitudinal study revealed that ALS patients with higher EOMES expression were associated with higher progression rates (p = .010) and worse prognosis (p = .003). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that increased CD4+EOMES+T-cell subsets in ALS were associated with disease progression and poor prognosis. Identifying these associations may contribute to a better understanding of the immunopathological mechanism of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Chen
- Department of NeurologyFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
- Institute of Clinical NeurologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Xiao Huan
- Huashan Rare Disease Center and Department of NeurologyHuashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chun‐Zuan Xu
- Department of NeurologyFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
- Institute of Clinical NeurologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Su‐Shan Luo
- Huashan Rare Disease Center and Department of NeurologyHuashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chong‐Bo Zhao
- Huashan Rare Disease Center and Department of NeurologyHuashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hua‐Hua Zhong
- Huashan Rare Disease Center and Department of NeurologyHuashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xue‐Ying Zheng
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health SafetyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Kai Qiao
- Huashan Rare Disease Center and Department of NeurologyHuashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yi Dong
- Huashan Rare Disease Center and Department of NeurologyHuashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of PharmacyFudan University Huashan HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Chang‐Yun Liu
- Department of NeurologyFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
- Institute of Clinical NeurologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Hua‐Pin Huang
- Department of NeurologyFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
- Institute of Clinical NeurologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Yan Chen
- Huashan Rare Disease Center and Department of NeurologyHuashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhang‐Yu Zou
- Department of NeurologyFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
- Institute of Clinical NeurologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
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10
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Ma X, Zuo Y, Hu X, Chen S, Zhong K, Xue R, Gui S, Liu K, Li S, Zhu X, Yang J, Deng Z, Liu X, Xu Y, Liu S, Shi Z, Zhou M, Tang Y. Terminally differentiated cytotoxic CD4 + T cells were clonally expanded in the brain lesion of radiation-induced brain injury. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14682. [PMID: 38499993 PMCID: PMC10948588 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence supports the involvement of adaptive immunity in the development of radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI). Our previous work has emphasized the cytotoxic function of CD8+ T cells in RIBI. In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence and potential roles of cytotoxic CD4+ T cells (CD4+ CTLs) in RIBI to gain a more comprehensive understanding of adaptive immunity in this context. MAIN TEXT Utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we analyzed 3934 CD4+ T cells from the brain lesions of four RIBI patients and identified six subclusters within this population. A notable subset, the cytotoxic CD4+ T cells (CD4+ CTLs), was marked with high expression of cytotoxicity-related genes (NKG7, GZMH, GNLY, FGFBP2, and GZMB) and several chemokine and chemokine receptors (CCL5, CX3CR1, and CCL4L2). Through in-depth pseudotime analysis, which simulates the development of CD4+ T cells, we observed that the CD4+ CTLs exhibited signatures of terminal differentiation. Their functions were enriched in protein serine/threonine kinase activity, GTPase regulator activity, phosphoprotein phosphatase activity, and cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in the apoptotic signaling pathway. Correspondingly, mice subjected to gamma knife irradiation on the brain showed a time-dependent infiltration of CD4+ T cells, an increase of MHCII+ cells, and the existence of CD4+ CTLs in lesions, along with an elevation of apoptotic-related proteins. Finally, and most crucially, single-cell T-cell receptor sequencing (scTCR-seq) analysis at the patient level determined a large clonal expansion of CD4+ CTLs in lesion tissues of RIBI. Transcriptional factor-encoding genes TBX21, RORB, and EOMES showed positive correlations with the cytotoxic functions of CD4+ T cells, suggesting their potential to distinguish RIBI-related CD4+ CTLs from other subsets. CONCLUSION The present study enriches the understanding of the transcriptional landscape of adaptive immune cells in RIBI patients. It provides the first description of a clonally expanded CD4+ CTL subset in RIBI lesions, which may illuminate new mechanisms in the development of RIBI and offer potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Ma
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - You Zuo
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xia Hu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Jiangmen Central HospitalAffiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityJiangmenChina
| | - Sitai Chen
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ke Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Pharmacy, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ruiqi Xue
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shushu Gui
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Kejia Liu
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shaojian Li
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoqiu Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jingwen Yang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhenhong Deng
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaolu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yongteng Xu
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Sheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhongshan Shi
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Meijuan Zhou
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Jiangmen Central HospitalAffiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityJiangmenChina
| | - Yamei Tang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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11
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Tomizawa Y, Hagiwara A, Hoshino Y, Nakaya M, Kamagata K, Cossu D, Yokoyama K, Aoki S, Hattori N. The glymphatic system as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2024; 83:105437. [PMID: 38244527 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2024.105437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a refractory immune-mediated inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, and some cases of the major subtype, relapsing-remitting (RR), transition to secondary progressive (SP). However, the detailed pathogenesis, biomarkers, and effective treatment strategies for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis have not been established. The glymphatic system, which is responsible for waste clearance in the brain, is an intriguing avenue for investigation and is primarily studied through diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS). This study aimed to compare DTI-ALPS indices between patients with RRMS and SPMS to uncover potential differences in their pathologies and evaluate the utility of the glymphatic system as a possible biomarker. METHODS A cohort of 26 patients with MS (13 RRMS and 13 SPMS) who met specific criteria were enrolled in this prospective study. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including diffusion MRI, 3D T1-weighted imaging, and relaxation time quantification, was conducted. The ALPS index, a measure of glymphatic function, was calculated using diffusion-weighted imaging data. Demographic variables, MRI metrics, and ALPS indices were compared between patients with RRMS and those with SPMS. RESULTS The ALPS index was significantly lower in the SPMS group. Patients with SPMS exhibited longer disease duration and higher Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores than those with RRMS. Despite these differences, the correlations between the EDSS score, disease duration, and ALPS index were minimal, suggesting that the impact of these clinical variables on ALPS index variations was negligible. DISCUSSION Our study revealed the potential microstructural and functional differences between RRMS and SPMS related to glymphatic system impairment. Although disease severity and duration vary among subtypes, their influence on ALPS index differences appears to be limited. This highlights the stronger association between SP conversion and changes in the ALPS index. These findings align with those of previous research, indicating the involvement of the glymphatic system in the progression of MS. CONCLUSION Although the causality remains uncertain, our study suggests that a reduced ALPS index, reflecting glymphatic system dysfunction, may contribute to MS progression, particularly in SPMS. This suggests the potential of the ALPS index as a diagnostic biomarker for SPMS and underscores the potential of the glymphatic system as a therapeutic target to mitigate MS progression. Future studies with larger cohorts and pathological validation are necessary to confirm these findings. This study provides new insights into the pathogenesis of SPMS and the potential for innovative therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Tomizawa
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan.
| | - Akifumi Hagiwara
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Hoshino
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan
| | - Moto Nakaya
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Kamagata
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Davide Cossu
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Yokoyama
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan
| | - Shigeki Aoki
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan
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12
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Faissner S, Bongert M, Trendelenburg P, Thiel S, Yamamura T, Hellwig K, Gold R. Eomesodermin-expressing CD4+ Th cells and association with pregnancy in multiple sclerosis. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2024; 17:17562864241229321. [PMID: 38371384 PMCID: PMC10874138 DOI: 10.1177/17562864241229321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnancy in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is accompanied by a decline of relapse activity with increased risk of relapses 3 months post-partum, for unknown reasons. Eomesodermin+ T-helper cells (Eomes+ Th cells) are known to mediate neuroinflammation and disease progression in MS and are induced by prolactin-secreting cells. Objectives Here, investigated immune cell alterations and the pathophysiological role of Eomes+ Th cells for disease activity during pregnancy and post-partum in MS. Methods We enrolled n = 81 pregnant patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), n = 27 post-partum RRMS and n = 26 female RRMS control patients under the umbrella of the German Multiple Sclerosis and Pregnancy Registry. Clinical data were collected and immune cell alterations were analysed using flow cytometry. Results While CD3+CD4+ Th cells were unaffected, CD3+CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells were elevated post-partum (p = 0.02) with reduced B-cell frequencies (p = 0.01) compared to non-pregnant RRMS patients. NK cells were elevated during first trimester (p = 0.02) compared to the third trimester. Frequencies of Eomes+ Th and Eomes+ Tc cells did not differ. There was no correlation of prolactin release and expression of Eomes+ Th cells. However, Eomes+ Th cells correlated with lower frequencies of regulatory T-cells during second (r = -0.42; p < 0.05) and third trimester (r = -0.37; p < 0.05). Moreover, Eomes+ Th cells correlated with frequencies of B-cells during third trimester (r = 0.54; p = 0.02). Frequencies of Eomes+ Th cells were not associated with the number of relapses before pregnancy, during pregnancy or post-partum. However, Eomes+ Th cells strongly correlated with disability post-partum as assessed using the EDSS (r = 0.52; p = 0.009). Discussion Pregnancy in MS is associated with robust immunological alterations. Eomes+ Th cells are capable of inducing immune cell alterations during the course of pregnancy, most evident during the second and third trimester as shown with a correlation of reduced Treg cells and a significant increase of B-cells. Importantly, Eomes+ Th cells correlate with disability post-partum. In summary, during late pregnancy in MS an inflammatory, cytotoxic and dysregulated immunological environment is primed gaining function post-delivery. This may be responsible for post-partum disability accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Faissner
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Gudrunstr. 56, Bochum 44791, Germany
| | - Marielena Bongert
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum, Germany
| | - Paulina Trendelenburg
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sandra Thiel
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum, Germany
| | - Takashi Yamamura
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Kerstin Hellwig
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ralf Gold
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum, Germany
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13
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Yasumizu Y, Takeuchi D, Morimoto R, Takeshima Y, Okuno T, Kinoshita M, Morita T, Kato Y, Wang M, Motooka D, Okuzaki D, Nakamura Y, Mikami N, Arai M, Zhang X, Kumanogoh A, Mochizuki H, Ohkura N, Sakaguchi S. Single-cell transcriptome landscape of circulating CD4 + T cell populations in autoimmune diseases. CELL GENOMICS 2024; 4:100473. [PMID: 38359792 PMCID: PMC10879034 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2023.100473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
CD4+ T cells are key mediators of various autoimmune diseases; however, their role in disease progression remains unclear due to cellular heterogeneity. Here, we evaluated CD4+ T cell subpopulations using decomposition-based transcriptome characterization and canonical clustering strategies. This approach identified 12 independent gene programs governing whole CD4+ T cell heterogeneity, which can explain the ambiguity of canonical clustering. In addition, we performed a meta-analysis using public single-cell datasets of over 1.8 million peripheral CD4+ T cells from 953 individuals by projecting cells onto the reference and cataloging cell frequency and qualitative alterations of the populations in 20 diseases. The analyses revealed that the 12 transcriptional programs were useful in characterizing each autoimmune disease and predicting its clinical status. Moreover, genetic variants associated with autoimmune diseases showed disease-specific enrichment within the 12 gene programs. The results collectively provide a landscape of single-cell transcriptomes of CD4+ T cell subpopulations involved in autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Yasumizu
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daiki Takeuchi
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Reo Morimoto
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takeshima
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsusada Okuno
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Kinoshita
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Morita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Min Wang
- Clinical Immunology Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Daisuke Motooka
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yamami Nakamura
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norihisa Mikami
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaya Arai
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Center for Infectious Diseases for Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naganari Ohkura
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Frontier Research in Tumor Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Shimon Sakaguchi
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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14
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Xu Y, Li X, Cheng F, Zhao B, Fang M, Li Z, Meng S. Heat shock protein gp96 drives natural killer cell maturation and anti-tumor immunity by counteracting Trim28 to stabilize Eomes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1106. [PMID: 38321029 PMCID: PMC10847424 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45426-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The maturation process of natural killer (NK) cells, which is regulated by multiple transcription factors, determines their functionality, but few checkpoints specifically targeting this process have been thoroughly studied. Here we show that NK-specific deficiency of glucose-regulated protein 94 (gp96) leads to decreased maturation of NK cells in mice. These gp96-deficient NK cells exhibit undermined activation, cytotoxicity and IFN-γ production upon stimulation, as well as weakened responses to IL-15 for NK cell maturation, in vitro. In vivo, NK-specific gp96-deficient mice show increased tumor growth. Mechanistically, we identify Eomes as the downstream transcription factor, with gp96 binding to Trim28 to prevent Trim28-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of Eomes. Our study thus suggests the gp96-Trim28-Eomes axis to be an important regulator for NK cell maturation and cancer surveillance in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiu Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.
| | - Fang Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Bao Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233004, China
| | - Min Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Zihai Li
- The Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Songdong Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.
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15
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Joulia E, Michieletto MF, Agesta A, Peillex C, Girault V, Le Dorze AL, Peroceschi R, Bucciarelli F, Szelechowski M, Chaubet A, Hakim N, Marrocco R, Lhuillier E, Lebeurrier M, Argüello RJ, Saoudi A, El Costa H, Adoue V, Walzer T, Sarry JE, Dejean AS. Eomes-dependent mitochondrial regulation promotes survival of pathogenic CD4+ T cells during inflammation. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20230449. [PMID: 38189779 PMCID: PMC10772920 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms whereby Eomes controls tissue accumulation of T cells and strengthens inflammation remain ill-defined. Here, we show that Eomes deletion in antigen-specific CD4+ T cells is sufficient to protect against central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. While Eomes is dispensable for the initial priming of CD4+ T cells, it is required for long-term maintenance of CNS-infiltrating CD4+ T cells. We reveal that the impact of Eomes on effector CD4+ T cell longevity is associated with sustained expression of multiple genes involved in mitochondrial organization and functions. Accordingly, epigenetic studies demonstrate that Eomes supports mitochondrial function by direct binding to either metabolism-associated genes or mitochondrial transcriptional modulators. Besides, the significance of these findings was confirmed in CD4+ T cells from healthy donors and multiple sclerosis patients. Together, our data reveal a new mechanism by which Eomes promotes severity and chronicity of inflammation via the enhancement of CD4+ T cell mitochondrial functions and resistance to stress-induced cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Joulia
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Michaël F. Michieletto
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Arantxa Agesta
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Cindy Peillex
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Virginie Girault
- Suivi Immunologique des Thérapeutiques Innovantes, Pôle de Biologie, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France
- UMR1236, University of Rennes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France
| | - Anne-Louise Le Dorze
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Romain Peroceschi
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Bucciarelli
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Marion Szelechowski
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Adeline Chaubet
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Nawad Hakim
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Rémi Marrocco
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Emeline Lhuillier
- GeT-Santé, Plateforme Génome et Transcriptome, GenoToul, Toulouse, France
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Manuel Lebeurrier
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Rafael J. Argüello
- Aix Marseille University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Abdelhadi Saoudi
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Hicham El Costa
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Veronique Adoue
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Walzer
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5308, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Emmanuel Sarry
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, UMR1037, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne S. Dejean
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
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16
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Hoeks C, Puijfelik FV, Koetzier SC, Rip J, Corsten CEA, Wierenga-Wolf AF, Melief MJ, Stinissen P, Smolders J, Hellings N, Broux B, van Luijn MM. Differential Runx3, Eomes, and T-bet expression subdivides MS-associated CD4 + T cells with brain-homing capacity. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350544. [PMID: 38009648 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common and devastating chronic inflammatory disease of the CNS. CD4+ T cells are assumed to be the first to cross the blood-central nervous system (CNS) barrier and trigger local inflammation. Here, we explored how pathogenicity-associated effector programs define CD4+ T cell subsets with brain-homing ability in MS. Runx3- and Eomes-, but not T-bet-expressing CD4+ memory cells were diminished in the blood of MS patients. This decline reversed following natalizumab treatment and was supported by a Runx3+ Eomes+ T-bet- enrichment in cerebrospinal fluid samples of treatment-naïve MS patients. This transcription factor profile was associated with high granzyme K (GZMK) and CCR5 levels and was most prominent in Th17.1 cells (CCR6+ CXCR3+ CCR4-/dim ). Previously published CD28- CD4 T cells were characterized by a Runx3+ Eomes- T-bet+ phenotype that coincided with intermediate CCR5 and a higher granzyme B (GZMB) and perforin expression, indicating the presence of two separate subsets. Under steady-state conditions, granzyme Khigh Th17.1 cells spontaneously passed the blood-brain barrier in vitro. This was only found for other subsets including CD28- cells when using inflamed barriers. Altogether, CD4+ T cells contain small fractions with separate pathogenic features, of which Th17.1 seems to breach the blood-brain barrier as a possible early event in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Hoeks
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Fabiënne van Puijfelik
- Department of Immunology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Steven C Koetzier
- Department of Immunology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jasper Rip
- Department of Immunology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cato E A Corsten
- Department of Neurology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annet F Wierenga-Wolf
- Department of Immunology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marie-José Melief
- Department of Immunology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Piet Stinissen
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Joost Smolders
- Department of Immunology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Niels Hellings
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Bieke Broux
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Marvin M van Luijn
- Department of Immunology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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17
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Husseini L, Geladaris A, Weber MS. Toward identifying key mechanisms of progression in multiple sclerosis. Trends Neurosci 2024; 47:58-70. [PMID: 38102058 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
A major therapeutic goal in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) is to prevent the accumulation of disability over an often decades-long disease course. Disability progression can result from acute relapses as well as from CNS intrinsic parenchymal disintegration without de novo CNS lesion formation. Research focus has shifted to progression not associated with acute inflammation, as it is not sufficiently controlled by currently available treatments. This review outlines how recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of progressive MS have been facilitated by the development of more precise, less static pathogenetic concepts of progressive MS, as well as by new techniques for the analysis of region-specific proteomic and transcriptomic signatures in the human CNS. We highlight key drivers of MS disease progression and potential targets in its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Husseini
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anastasia Geladaris
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin S Weber
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
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18
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Carmona EG, Callejas-Rubio JL, Raya E, Ríos-Fernández R, Villanueva-Martín G, Cid MC, Hernández-Rodríguez J, Ballestar E, Timmermann B, Ortego-Centeno N, Martín J, Márquez A. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling reveals a pathogenic role of cytotoxic CD4 + T cells in giant cell arteritis. J Autoimmun 2024; 142:103124. [PMID: 37952293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a systemic vasculitis mediated by an aberrant immunological response against the blood vessel wall. Although the pathogenic mechanisms that drive GCA have not yet been elucidated, there is strong evidence that CD4+ T cells are key drivers of the inflammatory process occurring in this vasculitis. The aim of this study was to further delineate the role of CD4+ T cells in GCA by applying single-cell RNA sequencing and T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire profiling to 114.799 circulating CD4+ T cells from eight GCA patients in two different clinical states, active and in remission, and eight healthy controls. Our results revealed an expansion of cytotoxic CD4+ T lymphocytes (CTLs) in active GCA patients, which expressed higher levels of cytotoxic and chemotactic genes when compared to patients in remission and controls. Accordingly, differentially expressed genes in CTLs of active patients were enriched in pathways related to granzyme-mediated apoptosis, inflammation, and the recruitment of different immune cells, suggesting a role of this cell type in the inflammatory and vascular remodelling processes occurring in GCA. CTLs also exhibited a higher clonal expansion in active patients with respect to those in remission. Drug repurposing analysis prioritized maraviroc, which targeted CTLs, as potentially repositionable for this vasculitis. In addition, effector regulatory T cells (Tregs) were decreased in GCA and showed lower expression of genes involved in their suppressive activity. These findings provide further insights into the pathogenic role of CD4+ T cells in GCA and suggest targeting CTLs as a potential therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elio G Carmona
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra (IPBLN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain; Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - José Luis Callejas-Rubio
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Enrique Raya
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel Ríos-Fernández
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Villanueva-Martín
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra (IPBLN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - María C Cid
- Vasculitis Research Unit, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Hernández-Rodríguez
- Vasculitis Research Unit, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esteban Ballestar
- Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Norberto Ortego-Centeno
- Department of Medicine, University of Granada, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Martín
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra (IPBLN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Márquez
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra (IPBLN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain.
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19
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Villaseñor-Altamirano AB, Jain D, Jeong Y, Menon JA, Kamiya M, Haider H, Manandhar R, Sheikh MDA, Athar H, Merriam LT, Ryu MH, Sasaki T, Castaldi PJ, Rao DA, Sholl LM, Vivero M, Hersh CP, Zhou X, Veerkamp J, Yun JH, Kim EY. Activation of CD8 + T Cells in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Lung. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 208:1177-1195. [PMID: 37756440 PMCID: PMC10868372 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202305-0924oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Despite the importance of inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the immune cell landscape in the lung tissue of patients with mild-moderate disease has not been well characterized at the single-cell and molecular level. Objectives: To define the immune cell landscape in lung tissue from patients with mild-moderate COPD at single-cell resolution. Methods: We performed single-cell transcriptomic, proteomic, and T-cell receptor repertoire analyses on lung tissue from patients with mild-moderate COPD (n = 5, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease I or II), emphysema without airflow obstruction (n = 5), end-stage COPD (n = 2), control (n = 6), or donors (n = 4). We validated in an independent patient cohort (N = 929) and integrated with the Hhip+/- murine model of COPD. Measurements and Main Results: Mild-moderate COPD lungs have increased abundance of two CD8+ T cell subpopulations: cytotoxic KLRG1+TIGIT+CX3CR1+ TEMRA (T effector memory CD45RA+) cells, and DNAM-1+CCR5+ T resident memory (TRM) cells. These CD8+ T cells interact with myeloid and alveolar type II cells via IFNG and have hyperexpanded T-cell receptor clonotypes. In an independent cohort, the CD8+KLRG1+ TEMRA cells are increased in mild-moderate COPD lung compared with control or end-stage COPD lung. Human CD8+KLRG1+ TEMRA cells are similar to CD8+ T cells driving inflammation in an aging-related murine model of COPD. Conclusions: CD8+ TEMRA cells are increased in mild-moderate COPD lung and may contribute to inflammation that precedes severe disease. Further study of these CD8+ T cells may have therapeutic implications for preventing severe COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dhawal Jain
- Pulmonary Drug Discovery Laboratory, Pharmaceuticals Research and Development, Bayer US LLC, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Yunju Jeong
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Mari Kamiya
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hibah Haider
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
| | | | | | - Humra Athar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- Pulmonary Drug Discovery Laboratory, Pharmaceuticals Research and Development, Bayer US LLC, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | | | - Min Hyung Ryu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, and
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Takanori Sasaki
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, and
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter J. Castaldi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, and
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Deepak A. Rao
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, and
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lynette M. Sholl
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marina Vivero
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Craig P. Hersh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, and
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, and
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Justus Veerkamp
- Pharmaceuticals, Research & Early Development Precision Medicine RED (preMED), Pharmaceuticals Research and Development, Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Jeong H. Yun
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, and
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edy Y. Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - the MGB-Bayer Pulmonary Drug Discovery Lab
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, and
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Pulmonary Drug Discovery Laboratory, Pharmaceuticals Research and Development, Bayer US LLC, Boston, Massachusetts; and
- Pharmaceuticals, Research & Early Development Precision Medicine RED (preMED), Pharmaceuticals Research and Development, Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany
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20
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Gicobi JK, Mao Z, DeFranco G, Hirdler JB, Li Y, Vianzon VV, Dellacecca ER, Hsu MA, Barham W, Yan Y, Mansfield AS, Lin Y, Wu X, Hitosugi T, Owen D, Grams MP, Orme JJ, Lucien F, Zeng H, Park SS, Dong H. Salvage therapy expands highly cytotoxic and metabolically fit resilient CD8 + T cells via ME1 up-regulation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi2414. [PMID: 37967193 PMCID: PMC10651128 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi2414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Patients with advanced cancers who either do not experience initial response to or progress while on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) receive salvage radiotherapy to reduce tumor burden and tumor-related symptoms. Occasionally, some patients experience substantial global tumor regression with a rebound of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. We have termed the rebound of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in response to salvage therapy as T cell resilience and examined the underlying mechanisms of resilience. Resilient T cells are enriched for CX3CR1+ CD8+ T cells with low mitochondrial membrane potential, accumulate less reactive oxygen species (ROS), and express more malic enzyme 1 (ME1). ME1 overexpression enhanced the cytotoxicity and expansion of effector CD8+ T cells partially via the type I interferon pathway. ME1 also increased mitochondrial respiration while maintaining the redox state balance. ME1 increased the cytotoxicity of peripheral lymphocytes from patients with advanced cancers. Thus, preserved resilient T cells in patients rebound after salvage therapy and ME1 enhances their resiliency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanina K. Gicobi
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Zhiming Mao
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Grace DeFranco
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Ying Li
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Vianca V. Vianzon
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Emilia R. Dellacecca
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Michelle A. Hsu
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Whitney Barham
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yiyi Yan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Yi Lin
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Xiaosheng Wu
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Taro Hitosugi
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Dawn Owen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Michael P. Grams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jacob J. Orme
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Hu Zeng
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sean S. Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Haidong Dong
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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21
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Holt EA, Waytashek CM, Sessions KJ, Asarian L, Lahue KG, Usherwood EJ, Teuscher C, Krementsov DN. Host Genetic Variation Has a Profound Impact on Immune Responses Mediating Control of Viral Load in Chronic Gammaherpesvirus Infection. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:1526-1539. [PMID: 37819784 PMCID: PMC10841120 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Chronic infection with the gammaherpesvirus EBV is a risk factor for several autoimmune diseases, and poor control of EBV viral load and enhanced anti-EBV responses elevate this risk further. However, the role of host genetic variation in the regulation of immune responses to chronic gammaherpesvirus infection and control of viral replication remains unclear. To address this question, we infected C57BL/6J (B6) and genetically divergent wild-derived inbred PWD/PhJ (PWD) mice with murine gammaherpesvirus-68 (MHV-68), a gammaherpesvirus similar to EBV, and determined the effect of latent gammaherpesvirus infection on the CD4 T cell transcriptome. Chronic MHV-68 infection of B6 mice resulted in a dramatic upregulation of genes characteristic of a cytotoxic Th cell phenotype, including Gzmb, Cx3cr1, Klrg1, and Nkg7, a response that was highly muted in PWD mice. Flow cytometric analyses revealed an expansion of CX3CR1+KLRG1+ cytotoxic Th cell-like cells in B6 but not PWD mice. Analysis of MHV-68 replication demonstrated that in spite of muted adaptive responses, PWD mice had superior control of viral load in lymphoid tissue, despite an absence of a defect in MHV-68 in vitro replication in PWD macrophages. Depletion of NK cells in PWD mice, but not B6 mice, resulted in elevated viral load, suggesting genotype-dependent NK cell involvement in MHV-68 control. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that host genetic variation can regulate control of gammaherpesvirus replication through disparate immunological mechanisms, resulting in divergent long-term immunological sequelae during chronic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A. Holt
- Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Courtney M. Waytashek
- Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Katherine J. Sessions
- Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Loredana Asarian
- Department of Medicine, Vermont Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Karolyn G Lahue
- Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Edward J. Usherwood
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Cory Teuscher
- Department of Medicine, Vermont Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Dimitry N. Krementsov
- Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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22
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Earland N, Zhang W, Usmani A, Nene A, Bacchiocchi A, Chen DY, Sznol M, Halaban R, Chaudhuri AA, Newman AM. CD4 T cells and toxicity from immune checkpoint blockade. Immunol Rev 2023; 318:96-109. [PMID: 37491734 PMCID: PMC10838135 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Immune-related toxicities, otherwise known as immune-related adverse events (irAEs), occur in a substantial fraction of cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Ranging from asymptomatic to life-threatening, ICI-induced irAEs can result in hospital admission, high-dose corticosteroid treatment, ICI discontinuation, and in some cases, death. A deeper understanding of the factors underpinning severe irAE development will be essential for improved irAE prediction and prevention, toward maximizing the benefits and safety profiles of ICIs. In recent work, we applied mass cytometry, single-cell RNA sequencing, single-cell V(D)J sequencing, bulk RNA sequencing, and bulk T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing to identify pretreatment determinants of severe irAE development in patients with advanced melanoma. Across 71 patients separated into three cohorts, we found that two baseline features in circulation-elevated activated CD4 effector memory T-cell abundance and TCR diversity-are associated with severe irAE development, independent of the affected organ system within 3 months of ICI treatment initiation. Here, we provide an extended perspective on this work, synthesize and discuss related literature, and summarize practical considerations for clinical translation. Collectively, these findings lay a foundation for data-driven and mechanistic insights into irAE development, with the potential to reduce ICI morbidity and mortality in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Earland
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Wubing Zhang
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Abul Usmani
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Antonella Bacchiocchi
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David Y. Chen
- Division of Dermatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mario Sznol
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ruth Halaban
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Aadel A. Chaudhuri
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Aaron M. Newman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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23
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Zhang F, Gao X, Liu J, Zhang C. Biomarkers in autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1111719. [PMID: 37090723 PMCID: PMC10113662 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1111719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) represent individual heterogeneity with different disease entities. Although clinical and imaging features make it possible to characterize larger patient cohorts, they may not provide sufficient evidence to detect disease activity and response to disease modifying drugs. Biomarkers are becoming a powerful tool due to their objectivity and easy access. Biomarkers may indicate various aspects of biological processes in healthy and/or pathological states, or as a response to drug therapy. According to the clinical features described, biomarkers are usually classified into predictive, diagnostic, monitoring and safety biomarkers. Some nerve injury markers, humoral markers, cytokines and immune cells in serum or cerebrospinal fluid have potential roles in disease severity and prognosis in autoimmune diseases occurring in the CNS, which provides a promising approach for clinicians to early intervention and prevention of future disability. Therefore, this review mainly summarizes the potential biomarkers indicated in autoimmune disorders of the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghe Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neuroimmunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Gao
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neuroimmunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neuroimmunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neuroimmunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Centers of Neuroimmunology and Neurological Diseases, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Chao Zhang,
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24
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Zhang C, Raveney B, Takahashi F, Yeh TW, Hohjoh H, Yamamura T, Oki S. Pathogenic Microglia Orchestrate Neurotoxic Properties of Eomes-Expressing Helper T Cells. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060868. [PMID: 36980209 PMCID: PMC10047905 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to disease-associated microglia (DAM), microglia with MHC-II and/or IFN-I signatures may form additional pathogenic subsets that are relevant to neurodegeneration. However, the significance of such MHC-II and IFN-I signatures remains elusive. We demonstrate here that these microglial subsets play intrinsic roles in orchestrating neurotoxic properties of neurotoxic Eomes+ Th cells under the neurodegeneration-associated phase of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) that corresponds to progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). Microglia acquire IFN-signature after sensing ectopically expressed long interspersed nuclear element-1 (L1) gene. Furthermore, ORF1, an L1-encoded protein aberrantly expressed in the diseased central nervous system (CNS), stimulated Eomes+ Th cells after Trem2-dependent ingestion and presentation in MHC-II context by microglia. Interestingly, administration of an L1 inhibitor significantly ameliorated neurodegenerative symptoms of EAE concomitant with reduced accumulation of Eomes+ Th cells in the CNS. Collectively, our data highlight a critical contribution of new microglia subsets as a neuroinflammatory hub in immune-mediated neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Zhang
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Ben Raveney
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Fumio Takahashi
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Tzu-wen Yeh
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hohjoh
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamamura
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
- Correspondence: (T.Y.); (S.O.); Tel.: +81-42-341-2711 (T.Y. & S.O.)
| | - Shinji Oki
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
- Correspondence: (T.Y.); (S.O.); Tel.: +81-42-341-2711 (T.Y. & S.O.)
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25
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Arai Y, Okanishi T, Kumasaki K, Kanai S, Nishimura Y, Takahashi Y, Maegaki Y. A pediatric case of autoimmune encephalitis with chronologically moving seizure foci and cortical lesions: A case report. Brain Dev 2023; 45:146-151. [PMID: 36335005 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is a relatively newly described category of immune-mediated diseases involving the central nervous system with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations, ranging from relatively mild or insidious onset of cognitive impairment to more complex forms of encephalopathy with medically refractory seizures. Single or multifocal seizures accompanied by neuropsychiatric symptoms and cognitive or memory impairments are suggestive of clinical features at AIE onset. CASE REPORT A six-year-old boy presented with repetitive focal seizures, slowly progressive emotional liability, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-like symptoms. Seizure types varied during the clinical course, sometimes emerging as clusters or statuses. MRI performed during seizure clustering/status revealed moving signal abnormalities. We successfully treated the patient with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed pleocytosis and marked elevation of antibodies against N-terminals of N-methyl-d-aspartate type glutamate receptor subunits and granzyme B. CONCLUSION We report a case of moving seizure foci with abnormal MRI findings. Although the onset of psychiatric symptoms slowly progressed to those atypical for AIE, responsiveness to immunotherapy, cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis, and autoantibodies all indicated AIE. We thus suggest that moving seizure foci and abnormal MRI signals may be findings of AIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Arai
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Tohru Okanishi
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.
| | - Kensuke Kumasaki
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Tottori Prefectural Kosei Hospital, Kurayoshi, Japan
| | - Sotaro Kanai
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Yoko Nishimura
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Tobu Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukitoshi Takahashi
- National Epilepsy Center, NHO Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorders, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Maegaki
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
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26
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Confirmation of CD19+ B-Lymphocyte Depletion Prior to Intake of the Second Dose of Ocrelizumab in Multiple Sclerosis Patients. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020353. [PMID: 36830890 PMCID: PMC9953738 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the retrospective study was to compare the immunophenotyping of T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, and natural killer cells before the administration of the first and the second dose of ocrelizumab in 22 patients with multiple sclerosis in a three-year period (2019-2021) at the Department of Neurology of the University Hospital of Split. The values of cell immunophenotyping and protein electrophoresis, as well as laboratory parameters, were investigated. There was no significant decrease in serum albumin and globulins before the second dose of ocrelizumab (p > 0,05). A decrease in the number of T-lymphocytes before administration of the second dose of ocrelizumab was observed, but without statistical significance (p = 0.274). Significant depletion occurred in median CD19+ B-lymphocytes (p < 0.001) before the intake of the second dose of ocrelizumab confirming the primary action of ocrelizumab on the B cell lineage.
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27
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Takahashi K. Microglial heterogeneity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2023; 82:140-149. [PMID: 36440536 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlac110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an intractable neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system that is pathologically characterized by motor neuron loss. Although the cause of the disease is still unknown, its pathophysiology is considered heterogeneous. In recent years, there have been a series of reports on the existence of disease-associated microglia (DAM) in the lesions of various neurodegenerative diseases. DAM have also been reported in SOD1-deficient mice, a disease model of ALS. However, the role of DAM in sporadic ALS remains unclear. This study revealed that spinal cord lesions in ALS can be pathologically distinguished into 2 subgroups (TMEM119+ and TMEM119- microglia) according to the type of microglia. Expression of the microglial activation marker CD68 and endothelial activation were also observed in the TMEM119+ microglia group, suggesting the presence of inflammatory processes in ALS lesions. Since DAM suppress the expression of TMEM119, the TMEM119+ microglia group may indicate DAM-independent inflammatory neurodegeneration. These results may explain why, in some clinical trials of anti-inflammatory drugs for ALS, only some cases showed suppression of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Takahashi
- Department of Medicine, National Hospital Organization Iou National Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
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28
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Thelen B, Schipperges V, Knörlein P, Hummel JF, Arnold F, Kupferschmid L, Klose CSN, Arnold SJ, Boerries M, Tanriver Y. Eomes is sufficient to regulate IL-10 expression and cytotoxic effector molecules in murine CD4 + T cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1058267. [PMID: 36756120 PMCID: PMC9901365 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1058267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The T-box transcription factors T-bet and Eomesodermin regulate type 1 immune responses in innate and adaptive lymphocytes. T-bet is widely expressed in the immune system but was initially identified as the lineage-specifying transcription factor of Th1 CD4+ T cells, where it governs expression of the signature cytokine IFN- γ and represses alternative cell fates like Th2 and Th17. T-bet's paralog Eomes is less abundantly expressed and Eomes+ CD4+ T cells are mostly found in the context of persistent antigen exposure, like bone marrow transplantation, chronic infection or inflammation as well as malignant disorders. However, it has remained unresolved whether Eomes executes similar transcriptional activities as T-bet in CD4+ T cells. Here we use a novel genetic approach to show that Eomes expression in CD4+ T cells drives a distinct transcriptional program that shows only partial overlap with T-bet. We found that Eomes is sufficient to induce the expression of the immunoregulatory cytokine IL-10 and, together with T-bet, promotes a cytotoxic effector profile, including Prf1, Gzmb, Gzmk, Nkg7 and Ccl5, while repressing alternative cell fates. Our results demonstrate that Eomes+ CD4+ T cells, which are often found in the context of chronic antigen stimulation, are likely to be a unique CD4+ T cell subset that limits inflammation and immunopathology as well as eliminates antigen-presenting and malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Thelen
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Vincent Schipperges
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Paulina Knörlein
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jonas F. Hummel
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Frederic Arnold
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany,Department of Internal Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany,Berta-Ottenstein-Programme, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Laurence Kupferschmid
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph S. N. Klose
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian J. Arnold
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany,CIBSS - Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Boerries
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany,German Cancer Consortium (Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung, DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, and German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yakup Tanriver
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany,Department of Internal Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany,*Correspondence: Yakup Tanriver,
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29
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Yamamura T. Time to reconsider the classification of multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol 2023; 22:6-8. [PMID: 36410374 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(22)00469-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yamamura
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan.
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30
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Sato W, Noto D, Araki M, Okamoto T, Lin Y, Yamaguchi H, Kadowaki-Saga R, Kimura A, Kimura Y, Sato N, Ishizuka T, Nakamura H, Miyake S, Yamamura T. First-in-human clinical trial of the NKT cell-stimulatory glycolipid OCH in multiple sclerosis. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2023; 16:17562864231162153. [PMID: 36993937 PMCID: PMC10041592 DOI: 10.1177/17562864231162153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that causes the damage to the myelin sheath as well as axonal degeneration. Individuals with MS appear to have changes in the numbers and functions of T-cell subsets, leading to an immunological imbalance accompanied by enhanced autoreactivity. In previous preclinical studies, (2 S,3 S,4R)-1-O-(α-D-Galactopyranosyl)-N-tetracosanoyl-2-amino-1,3,4-nonanetriol (OCH), a synthetic analog of α-galactosylceramide stimulatory for invariant NKT (iNKT) cells, has shown therapeutic or disease-preventive immunoregulatory effects in autoimmune disease models such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Objectives This study is the first-in-human study of oral OCH to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and to examine the effects on immune cells as well as related gene expression profiles. Methods Fifteen healthy volunteers and 13 MS patients who met the study criteria were enrolled. They were divided into five cohorts and received oral administration of various doses of granulated powder of OCH (0.3-30 mg), once per week for 4 or 13 weeks. Plasma OCH concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Frequencies of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood were evaluated by flow cytometry, and microarray analysis was performed to determine OCH-induced changes in gene expression. Results Oral OCH was well tolerated, and its bioavailability was found to be sufficient. Six hours after a single dose of OCH, increased frequencies of Foxp3+ regulatory T-cells were observed in some cohorts of healthy subjects and MS patients. Furthermore, gene expression analysis demonstrated an upregulation of several immunoregulatory genes and downregulation of pro-inflammatory genes following OCH administration. Conclusion This study has demonstrated immunomodulatory effects of the iNKT cell-stimulatory drug OCH in human. Safety profiles together with the presumed anti-inflammatory effects of oral OCH encouraged us to conduct a phase II trial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Manabu Araki
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Okamoto
- Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Youwei Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Yamaguchi
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoko Kadowaki-Saga
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuko Kimura
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Kimura
- Department of Radiology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Sato
- Department of Radiology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takami Ishizuka
- Translational Medical Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Harumasa Nakamura
- Translational Medical Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiko Miyake
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
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T cell responses at diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis predict disease progression. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6733. [PMID: 36347843 PMCID: PMC9643478 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34526-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease, involving neuroinflammation and T cell infiltration in the central nervous system. However, the contribution of T cell responses to the pathology of the disease is not fully understood. Here we show, by flow cytometric analysis of blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of a cohort of 89 newly diagnosed ALS patients in Stockholm, Sweden, that T cell phenotypes at the time of diagnosis are good predictors of disease outcome. High frequency of CD4+FOXP3- effector T cells in blood and CSF is associated with poor survival, whereas high frequency of activated regulatory T (Treg) cells and high ratio between activated and resting Treg cells in blood are associated with better survival. Besides survival, phenotypic profiling of T cells could also predict disease progression rate. Single cell transcriptomics analysis of CSF samples shows clonally expanded CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in CSF, with characteristic gene expression patterns. In summary, T cell responses associate with and likely contribute to disease progression in ALS, supporting modulation of adaptive immunity as a viable therapeutic option.
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Regulation of CD4 T Cell Responses by the Transcription Factor Eomesodermin. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12111549. [PMID: 36358898 PMCID: PMC9687629 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Central to the impacts of CD4 T cells, both positive in settings of infectious disease and cancer and negative in the settings of autoimmunity and allergy, is their ability to differentiate into distinct effector subsets with specialized functions. The programming required to support such responses is largely dictated by lineage-specifying transcription factors, often called ‘master regulators’. However, it is increasingly clear that many aspects of CD4 T cell immunobiology that can determine the outcomes of disease states involve a broader transcriptional network. Eomesodermin (Eomes) is emerging as an important member of this class of transcription factors. While best studied in CD8 T cells and NK cells, an increasing body of work has focused on impacts of Eomes expression in CD4 T cell responses in an array of different settings. Here, we focus on the varied impacts reported in these studies that, together, indicate the potential of targeting Eomes expression in CD4 T cells as a strategy to improve a variety of clinical outcomes.
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Morille J, Mandon M, Rodriguez S, Roulois D, Leonard S, Garcia A, Wiertlewski S, Le Page E, Berthelot L, Nicot A, Mathé C, Lejeune F, Tarte K, Delaloy C, Amé P, Laplaud D, Michel L. Multiple Sclerosis CSF Is Enriched With Follicular T Cells Displaying a Th1/Eomes Signature. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2022; 9:9/6/e200033. [PMID: 36266053 PMCID: PMC9585484 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Tertiary lymphoid structures and aggregates are reported in the meninges of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), especially at the progressive stage, and are strongly associated with cortical lesions and disability. Besides B cells, these structures comprise follicular helper T (Tfh) cells that are crucial to support B-cell differentiation. Tfh cells play a pivotal role in amplifying autoreactive B cells and promoting autoantibody production in several autoimmune diseases, but very few are known in MS. In this study, we examined the phenotype, frequency, and transcriptome of circulating cTfh cells in the blood and CSF of patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). METHODS The phenotype and frequency of cTfh cells were analyzed in the blood of 39 healthy controls and 41 untreated patients with RRMS and in the CSF and paired blood of 10 patients with drug-naive RRMS at diagnosis by flow cytometry. Using an in vitro model of blood-brain barrier, we assessed the transendothelial migratory abilities of the different cTfh-cell subsets. Finally, we performed an RNA sequencing analysis of paired CSF cTfh cells and blood cTfh cells in 8 patients sampled at their first demyelinating event. RESULTS The blood phenotype and frequency of cTfh cells were not significantly modified in patients with RRMS. In the CSF, we found an important infiltration of Tfh1 cells, with a high proportion of activated PD1+ cells. We demonstrated that the specific subset of Tfh1 cells presents increased migration abilities to cross an in vitro model of blood-brain barrier. Of interest, even at the first demyelinating event, cTfh cells in the CSF display specific characteristics with upregulation of EOMES gene and proinflammatory/cytotoxic transcriptomic signature able to efficiently distinguish cTfh cells from the CSF and blood. Finally, interactome analysis revealed potential strong cross talk between pathogenic B cells and CSF cTfh cells, pointing out the CSF as opportune supportive compartment and highlighting the very early implication of B-cell helper T cells in MS pathogenesis. DISCUSSION Overall, CSF enrichment in activated Tfh1 as soon as disease diagnosis, associated with high expression of EOMES, and a predicted high propensity to interact with CSF B cells suggest that these cells probably contribute to disease onset and/or activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Morille
- From the Université de Nantes (J.M., A.G., L.B., A.N., C.M., F.L., D.L.), INSERM, CR2TI, UMR1064, Nantes; Pôle Biologie (M.M., K.T., P.A., L.M.), Laboratoire SITI, University Hospital; INSERM UMR1236 MicrOenvironment and B-Cell: Immunopathology Cell Differentiation and Cancer (M.M., S.R., D.R., S.L., K.T., C.D., P.A., L.M.), Univ Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy (S.L.), Graft, Oncology", Nantes; Service de neurologie (S.W., F.L., D.L.), CRC-SEP Pays de La Loire and CIC 1314, CHU Nantes; Neurology Department (E.L.P., L.M.), Rennes University Hospital; and Clinical Neuroscience Centre (E.L.P., L.M.), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University
| | - Marion Mandon
- From the Université de Nantes (J.M., A.G., L.B., A.N., C.M., F.L., D.L.), INSERM, CR2TI, UMR1064, Nantes; Pôle Biologie (M.M., K.T., P.A., L.M.), Laboratoire SITI, University Hospital; INSERM UMR1236 MicrOenvironment and B-Cell: Immunopathology Cell Differentiation and Cancer (M.M., S.R., D.R., S.L., K.T., C.D., P.A., L.M.), Univ Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy (S.L.), Graft, Oncology", Nantes; Service de neurologie (S.W., F.L., D.L.), CRC-SEP Pays de La Loire and CIC 1314, CHU Nantes; Neurology Department (E.L.P., L.M.), Rennes University Hospital; and Clinical Neuroscience Centre (E.L.P., L.M.), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University
| | - Stéphane Rodriguez
- From the Université de Nantes (J.M., A.G., L.B., A.N., C.M., F.L., D.L.), INSERM, CR2TI, UMR1064, Nantes; Pôle Biologie (M.M., K.T., P.A., L.M.), Laboratoire SITI, University Hospital; INSERM UMR1236 MicrOenvironment and B-Cell: Immunopathology Cell Differentiation and Cancer (M.M., S.R., D.R., S.L., K.T., C.D., P.A., L.M.), Univ Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy (S.L.), Graft, Oncology", Nantes; Service de neurologie (S.W., F.L., D.L.), CRC-SEP Pays de La Loire and CIC 1314, CHU Nantes; Neurology Department (E.L.P., L.M.), Rennes University Hospital; and Clinical Neuroscience Centre (E.L.P., L.M.), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University
| | - David Roulois
- From the Université de Nantes (J.M., A.G., L.B., A.N., C.M., F.L., D.L.), INSERM, CR2TI, UMR1064, Nantes; Pôle Biologie (M.M., K.T., P.A., L.M.), Laboratoire SITI, University Hospital; INSERM UMR1236 MicrOenvironment and B-Cell: Immunopathology Cell Differentiation and Cancer (M.M., S.R., D.R., S.L., K.T., C.D., P.A., L.M.), Univ Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy (S.L.), Graft, Oncology", Nantes; Service de neurologie (S.W., F.L., D.L.), CRC-SEP Pays de La Loire and CIC 1314, CHU Nantes; Neurology Department (E.L.P., L.M.), Rennes University Hospital; and Clinical Neuroscience Centre (E.L.P., L.M.), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University
| | - Simon Leonard
- From the Université de Nantes (J.M., A.G., L.B., A.N., C.M., F.L., D.L.), INSERM, CR2TI, UMR1064, Nantes; Pôle Biologie (M.M., K.T., P.A., L.M.), Laboratoire SITI, University Hospital; INSERM UMR1236 MicrOenvironment and B-Cell: Immunopathology Cell Differentiation and Cancer (M.M., S.R., D.R., S.L., K.T., C.D., P.A., L.M.), Univ Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy (S.L.), Graft, Oncology", Nantes; Service de neurologie (S.W., F.L., D.L.), CRC-SEP Pays de La Loire and CIC 1314, CHU Nantes; Neurology Department (E.L.P., L.M.), Rennes University Hospital; and Clinical Neuroscience Centre (E.L.P., L.M.), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University
| | - Alexandra Garcia
- From the Université de Nantes (J.M., A.G., L.B., A.N., C.M., F.L., D.L.), INSERM, CR2TI, UMR1064, Nantes; Pôle Biologie (M.M., K.T., P.A., L.M.), Laboratoire SITI, University Hospital; INSERM UMR1236 MicrOenvironment and B-Cell: Immunopathology Cell Differentiation and Cancer (M.M., S.R., D.R., S.L., K.T., C.D., P.A., L.M.), Univ Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy (S.L.), Graft, Oncology", Nantes; Service de neurologie (S.W., F.L., D.L.), CRC-SEP Pays de La Loire and CIC 1314, CHU Nantes; Neurology Department (E.L.P., L.M.), Rennes University Hospital; and Clinical Neuroscience Centre (E.L.P., L.M.), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University
| | - Sandrine Wiertlewski
- From the Université de Nantes (J.M., A.G., L.B., A.N., C.M., F.L., D.L.), INSERM, CR2TI, UMR1064, Nantes; Pôle Biologie (M.M., K.T., P.A., L.M.), Laboratoire SITI, University Hospital; INSERM UMR1236 MicrOenvironment and B-Cell: Immunopathology Cell Differentiation and Cancer (M.M., S.R., D.R., S.L., K.T., C.D., P.A., L.M.), Univ Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy (S.L.), Graft, Oncology", Nantes; Service de neurologie (S.W., F.L., D.L.), CRC-SEP Pays de La Loire and CIC 1314, CHU Nantes; Neurology Department (E.L.P., L.M.), Rennes University Hospital; and Clinical Neuroscience Centre (E.L.P., L.M.), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University
| | - Emmanuelle Le Page
- From the Université de Nantes (J.M., A.G., L.B., A.N., C.M., F.L., D.L.), INSERM, CR2TI, UMR1064, Nantes; Pôle Biologie (M.M., K.T., P.A., L.M.), Laboratoire SITI, University Hospital; INSERM UMR1236 MicrOenvironment and B-Cell: Immunopathology Cell Differentiation and Cancer (M.M., S.R., D.R., S.L., K.T., C.D., P.A., L.M.), Univ Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy (S.L.), Graft, Oncology", Nantes; Service de neurologie (S.W., F.L., D.L.), CRC-SEP Pays de La Loire and CIC 1314, CHU Nantes; Neurology Department (E.L.P., L.M.), Rennes University Hospital; and Clinical Neuroscience Centre (E.L.P., L.M.), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University
| | - Laureline Berthelot
- From the Université de Nantes (J.M., A.G., L.B., A.N., C.M., F.L., D.L.), INSERM, CR2TI, UMR1064, Nantes; Pôle Biologie (M.M., K.T., P.A., L.M.), Laboratoire SITI, University Hospital; INSERM UMR1236 MicrOenvironment and B-Cell: Immunopathology Cell Differentiation and Cancer (M.M., S.R., D.R., S.L., K.T., C.D., P.A., L.M.), Univ Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy (S.L.), Graft, Oncology", Nantes; Service de neurologie (S.W., F.L., D.L.), CRC-SEP Pays de La Loire and CIC 1314, CHU Nantes; Neurology Department (E.L.P., L.M.), Rennes University Hospital; and Clinical Neuroscience Centre (E.L.P., L.M.), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University
| | - Arnaud Nicot
- From the Université de Nantes (J.M., A.G., L.B., A.N., C.M., F.L., D.L.), INSERM, CR2TI, UMR1064, Nantes; Pôle Biologie (M.M., K.T., P.A., L.M.), Laboratoire SITI, University Hospital; INSERM UMR1236 MicrOenvironment and B-Cell: Immunopathology Cell Differentiation and Cancer (M.M., S.R., D.R., S.L., K.T., C.D., P.A., L.M.), Univ Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy (S.L.), Graft, Oncology", Nantes; Service de neurologie (S.W., F.L., D.L.), CRC-SEP Pays de La Loire and CIC 1314, CHU Nantes; Neurology Department (E.L.P., L.M.), Rennes University Hospital; and Clinical Neuroscience Centre (E.L.P., L.M.), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University
| | - Camille Mathé
- From the Université de Nantes (J.M., A.G., L.B., A.N., C.M., F.L., D.L.), INSERM, CR2TI, UMR1064, Nantes; Pôle Biologie (M.M., K.T., P.A., L.M.), Laboratoire SITI, University Hospital; INSERM UMR1236 MicrOenvironment and B-Cell: Immunopathology Cell Differentiation and Cancer (M.M., S.R., D.R., S.L., K.T., C.D., P.A., L.M.), Univ Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy (S.L.), Graft, Oncology", Nantes; Service de neurologie (S.W., F.L., D.L.), CRC-SEP Pays de La Loire and CIC 1314, CHU Nantes; Neurology Department (E.L.P., L.M.), Rennes University Hospital; and Clinical Neuroscience Centre (E.L.P., L.M.), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University
| | - Flora Lejeune
- From the Université de Nantes (J.M., A.G., L.B., A.N., C.M., F.L., D.L.), INSERM, CR2TI, UMR1064, Nantes; Pôle Biologie (M.M., K.T., P.A., L.M.), Laboratoire SITI, University Hospital; INSERM UMR1236 MicrOenvironment and B-Cell: Immunopathology Cell Differentiation and Cancer (M.M., S.R., D.R., S.L., K.T., C.D., P.A., L.M.), Univ Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy (S.L.), Graft, Oncology", Nantes; Service de neurologie (S.W., F.L., D.L.), CRC-SEP Pays de La Loire and CIC 1314, CHU Nantes; Neurology Department (E.L.P., L.M.), Rennes University Hospital; and Clinical Neuroscience Centre (E.L.P., L.M.), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University
| | - Karin Tarte
- From the Université de Nantes (J.M., A.G., L.B., A.N., C.M., F.L., D.L.), INSERM, CR2TI, UMR1064, Nantes; Pôle Biologie (M.M., K.T., P.A., L.M.), Laboratoire SITI, University Hospital; INSERM UMR1236 MicrOenvironment and B-Cell: Immunopathology Cell Differentiation and Cancer (M.M., S.R., D.R., S.L., K.T., C.D., P.A., L.M.), Univ Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy (S.L.), Graft, Oncology", Nantes; Service de neurologie (S.W., F.L., D.L.), CRC-SEP Pays de La Loire and CIC 1314, CHU Nantes; Neurology Department (E.L.P., L.M.), Rennes University Hospital; and Clinical Neuroscience Centre (E.L.P., L.M.), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University
| | - Céline Delaloy
- From the Université de Nantes (J.M., A.G., L.B., A.N., C.M., F.L., D.L.), INSERM, CR2TI, UMR1064, Nantes; Pôle Biologie (M.M., K.T., P.A., L.M.), Laboratoire SITI, University Hospital; INSERM UMR1236 MicrOenvironment and B-Cell: Immunopathology Cell Differentiation and Cancer (M.M., S.R., D.R., S.L., K.T., C.D., P.A., L.M.), Univ Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy (S.L.), Graft, Oncology", Nantes; Service de neurologie (S.W., F.L., D.L.), CRC-SEP Pays de La Loire and CIC 1314, CHU Nantes; Neurology Department (E.L.P., L.M.), Rennes University Hospital; and Clinical Neuroscience Centre (E.L.P., L.M.), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University
| | - Patricia Amé
- From the Université de Nantes (J.M., A.G., L.B., A.N., C.M., F.L., D.L.), INSERM, CR2TI, UMR1064, Nantes; Pôle Biologie (M.M., K.T., P.A., L.M.), Laboratoire SITI, University Hospital; INSERM UMR1236 MicrOenvironment and B-Cell: Immunopathology Cell Differentiation and Cancer (M.M., S.R., D.R., S.L., K.T., C.D., P.A., L.M.), Univ Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy (S.L.), Graft, Oncology", Nantes; Service de neurologie (S.W., F.L., D.L.), CRC-SEP Pays de La Loire and CIC 1314, CHU Nantes; Neurology Department (E.L.P., L.M.), Rennes University Hospital; and Clinical Neuroscience Centre (E.L.P., L.M.), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University
| | - David Laplaud
- From the Université de Nantes (J.M., A.G., L.B., A.N., C.M., F.L., D.L.), INSERM, CR2TI, UMR1064, Nantes; Pôle Biologie (M.M., K.T., P.A., L.M.), Laboratoire SITI, University Hospital; INSERM UMR1236 MicrOenvironment and B-Cell: Immunopathology Cell Differentiation and Cancer (M.M., S.R., D.R., S.L., K.T., C.D., P.A., L.M.), Univ Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy (S.L.), Graft, Oncology", Nantes; Service de neurologie (S.W., F.L., D.L.), CRC-SEP Pays de La Loire and CIC 1314, CHU Nantes; Neurology Department (E.L.P., L.M.), Rennes University Hospital; and Clinical Neuroscience Centre (E.L.P., L.M.), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University
| | - Laure Michel
- From the Université de Nantes (J.M., A.G., L.B., A.N., C.M., F.L., D.L.), INSERM, CR2TI, UMR1064, Nantes; Pôle Biologie (M.M., K.T., P.A., L.M.), Laboratoire SITI, University Hospital; INSERM UMR1236 MicrOenvironment and B-Cell: Immunopathology Cell Differentiation and Cancer (M.M., S.R., D.R., S.L., K.T., C.D., P.A., L.M.), Univ Rennes, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy (S.L.), Graft, Oncology", Nantes; Service de neurologie (S.W., F.L., D.L.), CRC-SEP Pays de La Loire and CIC 1314, CHU Nantes; Neurology Department (E.L.P., L.M.), Rennes University Hospital; and Clinical Neuroscience Centre (E.L.P., L.M.), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University.
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Zuroff L, Rezk A, Shinoda K, Espinoza DA, Elyahu Y, Zhang B, Chen AA, Shinohara RT, Jacobs D, Alcalay RN, Tropea TF, Chen-Plotkin A, Monsonego A, Li R, Bar-Or A. Immune aging in multiple sclerosis is characterized by abnormal CD4 T cell activation and increased frequencies of cytotoxic CD4 T cells with advancing age. EBioMedicine 2022; 82:104179. [PMID: 35868128 PMCID: PMC9305354 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunosenescence (ISC) describes age-related changes in immune-system composition and function. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a lifelong inflammatory condition involving effector and regulatory T-cell imbalance, yet little is known about T-cell ISC in MS. We examined age-associated changes in circulating T cells in MS compared to normal controls (NC). METHODS Forty untreated MS (Mean Age 43·3, Range 18-72) and 49 NC (Mean Age 48·6, Range 20-84) without inflammatory conditions were included in cross-sectional design. T-cell subsets were phenotypically and functionally characterized using validated multiparametric flow cytometry. Their aging trajectories, and differences between MS and NC, were determined using linear mixed-effects models. FINDINGS MS patients demonstrated early and persistent redistribution of naïve and memory CD4 T-cell compartments. While most CD4 and CD8 T-cell aging trajectories were similar between groups, MS patients exhibited abnormal age-associated increases of activated (HLA-DR+CD38+; (P = 0·013) and cytotoxic CD4 T cells, particularly in patients >60 (EOMES: P < 0·001). Aging MS patients also failed to upregulate CTLA-4 expression on both CD4 (P = 0·014) and CD8 (P = 0·009) T cells, coupled with abnormal age-associated increases in frequencies of B cells expressing costimulatory molecules. INTERPRETATION While many aspects of T-cell aging in MS are conserved, the older MS patients harbour abnormally increased frequencies of CD4 T cells with activated and cytotoxic effector profiles. Age-related decreased expression of T-cell co-inhibitory receptor CTLA-4, and increased B-cell costimulatory molecule expression, may provide a mechanism that drives aberrant activation of effector CD4 T cells that have been implicated in progressive disease. FUNDING Stated in Acknowledgements section of manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Zuroff
- The Center for Neuroinflammation and Experimental Therapeutics and the Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ayman Rezk
- The Center for Neuroinflammation and Experimental Therapeutics and the Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Koji Shinoda
- The Center for Neuroinflammation and Experimental Therapeutics and the Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Diego A Espinoza
- The Center for Neuroinflammation and Experimental Therapeutics and the Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yehezqel Elyahu
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences; Zlotowski Neuroscience Center and Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center; and National Institute for Biotechnology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The fourth affiliated hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Andrew A Chen
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Russell T Shinohara
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Dina Jacobs
- The Center for Neuroinflammation and Experimental Therapeutics and the Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Roy N Alcalay
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; The Center for Movement Disorders, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423914, Israel
| | - Thomas F Tropea
- Department of Neurology, Perelman school of medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alice Chen-Plotkin
- Department of Neurology, Perelman school of medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alon Monsonego
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences; Zlotowski Neuroscience Center and Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center; and National Institute for Biotechnology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Rui Li
- The Center for Neuroinflammation and Experimental Therapeutics and the Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Amit Bar-Or
- The Center for Neuroinflammation and Experimental Therapeutics and the Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Pang WK, Amjad S, Ryu DY, Adegoke EO, Rahman MS, Park YJ, Pang MG. Establishment of a male fertility prediction model with sperm RNA markers in pigs as a translational animal model. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:84. [PMID: 35794675 PMCID: PMC9261079 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00729-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Male infertility is an important issue that causes low production in the animal industry. To solve the male fertility crisis in the animal industry, the prediction of sperm quality is the most important step. Sperm RNA is the potential marker for male fertility prediction. We hypothesized that the expression of functional genes related to fertilization will be the best target for male fertility prediction markers. To investigate optimum male fertility prediction marker, we compared target genes expression level and a wide range of field data acquired from artificial insemination of boar semen. RESULTS Among the genes related to acrosomal vesicle exocytosis and sperm-oocyte fusion, equatorin (EQTN), zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 4 (ZP4), and sperm acrosome membrane-associated protein 3 exhibited high accuracy (70%, 90%, and 70%, respectively) as markers to evaluate male fertility. Combinations of EQTN-ZP4, ZP4-protein unc-13 homolog B, and ZP4-regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis protein 1 (RIMS1) showed the highest prediction value, and all these markers are involved in the acrosome reaction. CONCLUSION The EQTN-ZP4 model was efficient in clustering the high-fertility group and may be useful for selection of animal that has superior fertility in the livestock industry. Compared to the EQTN-ZP4 model, the ZP4-RIMS1 model was more efficient in clustering the low-fertility group and may be useful in the diagnosis of male infertility in humans and other animals. The appointed translational animal model and established biomarker combination can be widely used in various scientific fields such as biomedical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Ki Pang
- Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Shehreen Amjad
- Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Yeal Ryu
- Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Elikanah Olusayo Adegoke
- Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Saidur Rahman
- Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Jin Park
- Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Geol Pang
- Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea.
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36
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Cenerenti M, Saillard M, Romero P, Jandus C. The Era of Cytotoxic CD4 T Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:867189. [PMID: 35572552 PMCID: PMC9094409 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.867189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1986, Mosmann and Coffman identified 2 functionally distinct subsets of activated CD4 T cells, Th1 and Th2 cells, being key in distinct T cell mediated responses. Over the past three decades, our understanding of CD4 T cell differentiation has expanded and the initial paradigm of a dichotomic CD4 T cell family has been revisited to accommodate a constantly growing number of functionally distinct CD4 T helper and regulatory subpopulations. Of note, CD4 T cells with cytotoxic functions have also been described, initially in viral infections, autoimmune disorders and more recently also in cancer settings. Here, we provide an historical overview on the discovery and characterization of cytotoxic CD4 T cells, followed by a description of their mechanisms of cytotoxicity. We emphasize the relevance of these cells in disease conditions, particularly in cancer, and we provide insights on how to exploit these cells in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Cenerenti
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Margaux Saillard
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Romero
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Camilla Jandus
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
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37
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Preglej T, Ellmeier W. CD4 + Cytotoxic T cells - Phenotype, Function and Transcriptional Networks Controlling Their Differentiation Pathways. Immunol Lett 2022; 247:27-42. [PMID: 35568324 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The two major subsets of peripheral T cells are classically divided into the CD4+ T helper cells and the cytotoxic CD8+ T cell lineage. However, the appearance of some effector CD4+ T cell populations displaying cytotoxic activity, in particular during viral infections, has been observed, thus breaking the functional dichotomy of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. The strong association of the appearance of CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD4 CTLs) with viral infections suggests an important role of this subset in antiviral immunity by controlling viral replication and infection. Moreover, CD4 CTLs have been linked with anti-tumor activity and might also cause immunopathology in autoimmune diseases. This raises interest into the molecular mechanisms regulating CD4 CTL differentiation, which are poorly understood in comparison to differentiation pathways of other Th subsets. In this review, we provide a brief overview about key features of CD4 CTLs, including their role in viral infections and cancer immunity, and about the link between CD4 CTLs and immune-mediated diseases. Subsequently, we will discuss the current knowledge about transcriptional and epigenetic networks controlling CD4 CTL differentiation and highlight recent data suggesting a role for histone deacetylases in the generation of CD4 CTLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Preglej
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Wilfried Ellmeier
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna.
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38
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Takahashi F, Zhang C, Hohjoh H, Raveney B, Yamamura T, Hayashi N, Oki S. Immune-mediated neurodegenerative trait provoked by multimodal derepression of long-interspersed nuclear element-1. iScience 2022; 25:104278. [PMID: 35573205 PMCID: PMC9097630 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is a process involving both cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous neuron loss, followed by a collapse of neural networks, but its pathogenesis is poorly understood. We have previously demonstrated that Eomes-positive helper T (Eomes + Th) cells recognizing LINE-1(L1)-derived prototypic antigen ORF1 mediate neurotoxicity associated with the neurodegenerative pathology of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Here, we show that Eomes + Th cells accumulate in the CNS of mouse models of authentic neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and secrete the neurotoxic granzyme B after encounter with ORF1 antigen. Multimodal derepression of neuronal L1 transcription is observed in EAE and ALS/AD models during neurodegeneration in active and cell cycle-mediated manner, respectively. These data suggest that the adventitious concurrence of immune-mediated neurodegenerative traits by Eomes + Th cells and ectopic expression of L1-derived antigen(s) in the inflamed CNS may materialize a communal and previously unappreciated pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. Eomes + Th cells accumulate in the CNS with undergoing neurodegeneration in common Multimodal L1 derepression is emerged in neuron cells under neurodegeneration Eomes + Th cells recognize L1-ORF1 antigen to exert neurotoxicity via granzyme B Immune-mediated neurotoxicity may embody a novel pathogenesis of neurodegeneration
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumio Takahashi
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hohjoh
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ben Raveney
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamamura
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Hayashi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Oki
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan
- Corresponding author
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39
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Jamann H, Cui QL, Desu HL, Pernin F, Tastet O, Halaweh A, Farzam-kia N, Mamane VH, Ouédraogo O, Cleret-Buhot A, Daigneault A, Balthazard R, Klement W, Lemaître F, Arbour N, Antel J, Stratton JA, Larochelle C. Contact-Dependent Granzyme B-Mediated Cytotoxicity of Th17-Polarized Cells Toward Human Oligodendrocytes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:850616. [PMID: 35479072 PMCID: PMC9035748 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.850616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by the loss of myelin and of myelin-producing oligodendrocytes (OLs) in the central nervous system (CNS). Pro-inflammatory CD4+ Th17 cells are considered pathogenic in MS and are harmful to OLs. We investigated the mechanisms driving human CD4+ T cell-mediated OL cell death. Using fluorescent and brightfield in vitro live imaging, we found that compared to Th2-polarized cells, Th17-polarized cells show greater interactions with primary human OLs and human oligodendrocytic cell line MO3.13, displaying longer duration of contact, lower mean speed, and higher rate of vesicle-like structure formation at the sites of contact. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we assessed the transcriptomic profile of primary human OLs and Th17-polarized cells in direct contact or separated by an insert. We showed that upon close interaction, OLs upregulate the expression of mRNA coding for chemokines and antioxidant/anti-apoptotic molecules, while Th17-polarized cells upregulate the expression of mRNA coding for chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17A, IFN-γ, and granzyme B. We found that secretion of CCL3, CXCL10, IFN-γ, TNFα, and granzyme B is induced upon direct contact in cocultures of human Th17-polarized cells with human OLs. In addition, we validated by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence that granzyme B levels are upregulated in Th17-polarized compared to Th2-polarized cells and are even higher in Th17-polarized cells upon direct contact with OLs or MO3.13 cells compared to Th17-polarized cells separated from OLs by an insert. Moreover, granzyme B is detected in OLs and MO3.13 cells following direct contact with Th17-polarized cells, suggesting the release of granzyme B from Th17-polarized cells into OLs/MO3.13 cells. To confirm granzyme B–mediated cytotoxicity toward OLs, we showed that recombinant human granzyme B can induce OLs and MO3.13 cell death. Furthermore, pretreatment of Th17-polarized cells with a reversible granzyme B blocker (Ac-IEPD-CHO) or a natural granzyme B blocker (serpina3N) improved survival of MO3.13 cells upon coculture with Th17 cells. In conclusion, we showed that human Th17-polarized cells form biologically significant contacts with human OLs and exert direct toxicity by releasing granzyme B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Jamann
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Qiao-Ling Cui
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Haritha L. Desu
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Florian Pernin
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Tastet
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Halaweh
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Negar Farzam-kia
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Victoria Hannah Mamane
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Oumarou Ouédraogo
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Aurélie Cleret-Buhot
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Audrey Daigneault
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Renaud Balthazard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Wendy Klement
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Florent Lemaître
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Arbour
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jack Antel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jo Anne Stratton
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine Larochelle
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Catherine Larochelle,
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40
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Hou L, Yuki K. CCR6 and CXCR6 Identify the Th17 Cells With Cytotoxicity in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:819224. [PMID: 35178050 PMCID: PMC8844514 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.819224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the plasticity of IL-17-producing CD4 T cells (Th17 cells), a long-standing challenge in studying Th17-driven autoimmune is the lack of specific surface marker to identify the pathogenic Th17 cells in vivo. Recently, we discovered that pathogenic CD4 T cells were CXCR6 positive in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a commonly used Th17-driven autoimmune model. Herein, we further revealed that peripheral CXCR6+CD4 T cells contain a functionally distinct subpopulation, which is CCR6 positive and enriched for conventional Th17 molecules (IL-23R and RORγt) and cytotoxic signatures. Additionally, spinal cord-infiltrating CD4 T cells were highly cytotoxic by expressing Granzyme(s) along with IFNγ and GM-CSF. Collectively, this study suggested that peripheral CCR6+CXCR6+CD4 T cells were Th17 cells with cytotoxic property in EAE model, and highlighted the cytotoxic granzymes for EAE pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Anaesthesia and Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School., Boston, MA, United States
| | - Koichi Yuki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Anaesthesia and Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School., Boston, MA, United States
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41
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Bediaga NG, Garnham AL, Naselli G, Bandala-Sanchez E, Stone NL, Cobb J, Harbison JE, Wentworth JM, Ziegler AG, Couper JJ, Smyth GK, Harrison LC. Cytotoxicity-Related Gene Expression and Chromatin Accessibility Define a Subset of CD4+ T Cells That Mark Progression to Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2022; 71:566-577. [PMID: 35007320 PMCID: PMC8893947 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes in children is heralded by a preclinical phase defined by circulating autoantibodies to pancreatic islet antigens. How islet autoimmunity is initiated and then progresses to clinical diabetes remains poorly understood. Only one study has reported gene expression in specific immune cells of children at risk associated with progression to islet autoimmunity. We analyzed gene expression with RNA sequencing in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and B cells, and chromatin accessibility by assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq) in CD4+ T cells, in five genetically at risk children with islet autoantibodies who progressed to diabetes over a median of 3 years ("progressors") compared with five children matched for sex, age, and HLA-DR who had not progressed ("nonprogressors"). In progressors, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were largely confined to CD4+ T cells and enriched for cytotoxicity-related genes/pathways. Several top-ranked DEGs were validated in a semi-independent cohort of 13 progressors and 11 nonprogressors. Flow cytometry confirmed that progression was associated with expansion of CD4+ cells with a cytotoxic phenotype. By ATAC-seq, progression was associated with reconfiguration of regulatory chromatin regions in CD4+ cells, some linked to differentially expressed cytotoxicity-related genes. Our findings suggest that cytotoxic CD4+ T cells play a role in promoting progression to type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara G. Bediaga
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Alexandra L. Garnham
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Gaetano Naselli
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Esther Bandala-Sanchez
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Natalie L. Stone
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Joanna Cobb
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jessica E. Harbison
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - John M. Wentworth
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia
| | - Annette-G. Ziegler
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jennifer J. Couper
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Gordon K. Smyth
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Leonard C. Harrison
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Corresponding author: Leonard C. Harrison,
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Shin BY, Lee SH, Kim Y, An J, Park TY, Lee SK. Interactomic inhibition of Eomes in the nucleus alleviates EAE via blocking the conversion of Th17 cells into non-classic Th1 cells. Immunol Med 2022; 45:119-127. [PMID: 35130134 DOI: 10.1080/25785826.2022.2031812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Th17 cells are implicated in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases. During the inflammation, Th17 cells exposed to IL-12 can shift towards the Th1 phenotype. These shifted cells are defined as 'non-classic Th1 cells'. Th17-derived non-classic Th1 cells play a critical role in late-onset chronic inflammatory diseases and are more pathogenic than the unshifted Th17 cells. Eomes is a transcription factor highly expressed in non-classic Th1 cells. To study the functional role of Eomes without genetic alteration, novel recombinant protein, ntEomes-TMD, was generated by fusing TMD of Eomes and Hph-1-PTD that facilitate intracellular delivery of its cargo molecule. ntEomes-TMD was delivered into the nucleus of the cells without influencing the T cell activation and cytotoxicity. ntEomes-TMD specifically inhibited the Eomes- and ROR-γt-mediated transcription and suppressed the Th1 and Th17 differentiation. Interestingly, ntEomes-TMD blocked the generation of non-classic Th1 cells from Th17 cells, leading to the inhibition of IFN-γ and GM-CSF secretion. In EAE, ntEomes-TMD alleviated the symptoms of EAE, and the combination treatment using ntEomes-TMD and anti-IL-17 mAb together showed better therapeutic efficacy than anti-IL-17 mAb treatment. The results suggest that ntEomes-TMD can be a new therapeutic reagent for treating chronic inflammatory diseases associated with non-classic Th1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Young Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hyeon Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuna Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaekyeung An
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yoon Park
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Sang-Kyou Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Good T cells, Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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43
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Zarzuelo-Romero MJ, Pérez-Ramírez C, Cura Y, Carrasco-Campos MI, Marangoni-Iglecias LM, Ramírez-Tortosa MC, Jiménez-Morales A. Influence of Genetic Polymorphisms on Clinical Outcomes of Glatiramer Acetate in Multiple Sclerosis Patients. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11101032. [PMID: 34683173 PMCID: PMC8540092 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11101032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, demyelinating disease of autoimmune origin, in which inflammation and demyelination lead to neurodegeneration and progressive disability. Treatment is aimed at slowing down the course of the disease and mitigating its symptoms. One of the first-line treatments used in patients with MS is glatiramer acetate (GA). However, in clinical practice, a response rate of between 30% and 55% is observed. This variability in the effectiveness of the medication may be influenced by genetic factors such as polymorphisms in the genes involved in the pathogenesis of MS. Therefore, this review assesses the impact of genetic variants on the response to GA therapy in patients diagnosed with MS. The results suggest that a relationship exists between the effectiveness of the treatment with GA and the presence of polymorphisms in the following genes: CD86, CLEC16A, CTSS, EOMES, MBP, FAS, TRBC1, IL1R1, IL12RB2, IL22RA2, PTPRT, PVT1, ALOX5AP, MAGI2, ZAK, RFPL3, UVRAG, SLC1A4, and HLA-DRB1*1501. Consequently, the identification of polymorphisms in these genes can be used in the future as a predictive marker of the response to GA treatment in patients diagnosed with MS. Nevertheless, there is a lack of evidence for this and more validation studies need to be conducted to apply this information to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Zarzuelo-Romero
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18001 Granada, Spain;
| | - Cristina Pérez-Ramírez
- Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n., 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain;
- Pharmacogenetics Unit, Pharmacy Service, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, 18012 Granada, Spain; (Y.C.); (M.I.C.-C.); (L.M.M.-I.); (A.J.-M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Yasmín Cura
- Pharmacogenetics Unit, Pharmacy Service, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, 18012 Granada, Spain; (Y.C.); (M.I.C.-C.); (L.M.M.-I.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - María Isabel Carrasco-Campos
- Pharmacogenetics Unit, Pharmacy Service, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, 18012 Granada, Spain; (Y.C.); (M.I.C.-C.); (L.M.M.-I.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - Luciana María Marangoni-Iglecias
- Pharmacogenetics Unit, Pharmacy Service, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, 18012 Granada, Spain; (Y.C.); (M.I.C.-C.); (L.M.M.-I.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - María Carmen Ramírez-Tortosa
- Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n., 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain;
| | - Alberto Jiménez-Morales
- Pharmacogenetics Unit, Pharmacy Service, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, 18012 Granada, Spain; (Y.C.); (M.I.C.-C.); (L.M.M.-I.); (A.J.-M.)
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44
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio‐targeting Theranostics National Center for International Research of Bio‐targeting Theranostics Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy Guangxi Medical University Nanning China
| | - Yong Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio‐targeting Theranostics National Center for International Research of Bio‐targeting Theranostics Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy Guangxi Medical University Nanning China
| | - Jian He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio‐targeting Theranostics National Center for International Research of Bio‐targeting Theranostics Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy Guangxi Medical University Nanning China
| | - Liping Zhong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio‐targeting Theranostics National Center for International Research of Bio‐targeting Theranostics Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy Guangxi Medical University Nanning China
| | - Yongxiang Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio‐targeting Theranostics National Center for International Research of Bio‐targeting Theranostics Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy Guangxi Medical University Nanning China
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