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James CD, Lewis RL, Fakunmoju AL, Witt AJ, Youssef AH, Wang X, Rais NM, Prabhakar AT, Machado JM, Otoa R, Bristol ML. Fibroblast stromal support model for predicting human papillomavirus-associated cancer drug responses. J Virol 2024:e0102424. [PMID: 39269177 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01024-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are no specific antiviral therapeutic approaches targeting Human papillomaviruses (HPVs), which cause around 5% of all human cancers. Specific antiviral reagents are particularly needed for HPV-related oropharyngeal cancers (HPV+OPCs) whose incidence is increasing and for which there are no early diagnostic tools available. We and others have demonstrated that the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is overexpressed in HPV+OPCs, compared to HPV-negative cancers in this region, and that these elevated levels are associated with an improved disease outcome. Utilizing this HPV+-specific overexpression profile, we previously demonstrated that estrogen attenuates the growth and cell viability of HPV+ keratinocytes and HPV+ cancer cells in vitro. Expansion of this work in vivo failed to replicate this sensitization. The role of stromal support from the tumor microenvironment (TME) has previously been tied to both the HPV lifecycle and in vivo therapeutic responses. Our investigations revealed that in vitro co-culture with fibroblasts attenuated HPV+-specific estrogen growth responses. Continuing to monopolize on the HPV+-specific overexpression of ERα, our co-culture models then assessed the suitability of the selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), raloxifene and tamoxifen, and showed growth attenuation in a variety of our models to one or both of these drugs in vitro. Utilization of these SERMs in vivo closely resembled the sensitization predicted by our co-culture models. Therefore, the in vitro fibroblast co-culture model better predicts in vivo responses. We propose that utilization of our co-culture in vitro model can accelerate cancer therapeutic drug discovery. IMPORTANCE Human papillomavirus-related cancers (HPV+ cancers) remain a significant public health concern, and specific clinical approaches are desperately needed. In translating drug response data from in vitro to in vivo, the fibroblasts of the adjacent stromal support network play a key role. Our study presents the utilization of a fibroblast 2D co-culture system to better predict translational drug assessments for HPV+ cancers. We also suggest that this co-culture system should be considered for other translational approaches. Predicting even a portion of treatment paradigms that may fail in vivo with a co-culture model will yield significant time, effort, resource, and cost efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire D James
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Rachel L Lewis
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Alexis L Fakunmoju
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Austin J Witt
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Aya H Youssef
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Xu Wang
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Nabiha M Rais
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Apurva T Prabhakar
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - J Mathew Machado
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Raymonde Otoa
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Molly L Bristol
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Virginia, USA
- VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Wang W, Pope A, Ward-Shaw E, Buehler D, Bachelerie F, Lambert PF. Increased Susceptibility of WHIM Mice to Papillomavirus-induced Disease is Dependent upon Immune Cell Dysfunction. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012472. [PMID: 39226327 PMCID: PMC11398641 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Warts, Hypogammaglobulinemia, Infections, and Myelokathexis (WHIM) syndrome is a rare primary immunodeficiency disease in humans caused by a gain of function in CXCR4, mostly due to inherited heterozygous mutations in CXCR4. One major clinical symptom of WHIM patients is their high susceptibility to human papillomavirus (HPV) induced disease, such as warts. Persistent high risk HPV infections cause 5% of all human cancers, including cervical, anogenital, head and neck and some skin cancers. WHIM mice bearing the same mutation identified in WHIM patients were created to study the underlying causes for the symptoms manifest in patients suffering from the WHIM syndrome. Using murine papillomavirus (MmuPV1) as an infection model in mice for HPV-induced disease, we demonstrate that WHIM mice are more susceptible to MmuPV1-induced warts (papillomas) compared to wild type mice. Namely, the incidence of papillomas is higher in WHIM mice compared to wild type mice when mice are exposed to low doses of MmuPV1. MmuPV1 infection facilitated both myeloid and lymphoid cell mobilization in the blood of wild type mice but not in WHIM mice. Higher incidence and larger size of papillomas in WHIM mice correlated with lower abundance of infiltrating T cells within the papillomas. Finally, we demonstrate that transplantation of bone marrow from wild type mice into WHIM mice normalized the incidence and size of papillomas, consistent with the WHIM mutation in hematopoietic cells contributing to higher susceptibility of WHIM mice to MmuPV1-induced disease. Our results provide evidence that MmuPV1 infection in WHIM mice is a powerful preclinical infectious model to investigate treatment options for alleviating papillomavirus infections in WHIM syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics and Immunology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Ali Pope
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Ella Ward-Shaw
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Darya Buehler
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Francoise Bachelerie
- Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, INSERM UMR-996, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Paul F Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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Atkins HM, Uslu AA, Li JJ, Shearer DA, Brendle SA, Han C, Kozak M, Lopez P, Nayar D, Balogh KK, Abendroth C, Copper J, Cheng KC, Christensen ND, Zhu Y, Avril S, Burgener AD, Murooka TT, Hu J. Monitoring mouse papillomavirus-associated cancer development using longitudinal Pap smear screening. mBio 2024; 15:e0142024. [PMID: 39012151 PMCID: PMC11323795 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01420-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
A substantial percentage of the population remains at risk for cervical cancer due to pre-existing human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, despite prophylactic vaccines. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for better disease outcomes. The development of new treatments heavily relies on suitable preclinical model systems. Recently, we established a mouse papillomavirus (MmuPV1) model that is relevant to HPV genital pathogenesis. In the current study, we validated the use of Papanicolaou (Pap) smears, a valuable early diagnostic tool for detecting HPV cervical cancer, to monitor disease progression in the MmuPV1 mouse model. Biweekly cervicovaginal swabs were collected from the MmuPV1-infected mice for viral DNA quantitation and cytology assessment. The Pap smear slides were evaluated for signs of epithelial cell abnormalities using the 2014 Bethesda system criteria. Tissues from the infected mice were harvested at various times post-viral infection for additional histological and virological assays. Over time, increased viral replication was consistent with higher levels of viral DNA, and it coincided with an uptick in epithelial cell abnormalities with higher severity scores noted as early as 10 weeks after viral infection. The cytological results also correlated with the histological evaluation of tissues harvested simultaneously. Both immunocompromised and immunocompetent mice with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cytology also developed vaginal SCCs. Notably, samples from the MmuPV1-infected mice exhibited similar cellular abnormalities compared to the corresponding human samples at similar disease stages. Hence, Pap smear screening proves to be an effective tool for the longitudinal monitoring of disease progression in the MmuPV1 mouse model. IMPORTANCE Papanicolaou (Pap) smear has saved millions of women's lives as a valuable early screening tool for detecting human papillomavirus (HPV) cervical precancers and cancer. However, more than 200,000 women in the United States alone remain at risk for cervical cancer due to pre-existing HPV infection-induced precancers, as there are currently no effective treatments for HPV-associated precancers and cancers other than invasive procedures including a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) to remove abnormal tissues. In the current study, we validated the use of Pap smears to monitor disease progression in our recently established mouse papillomavirus model. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that provides compelling evidence of applying Pap smears from cervicovaginal swabs to monitor disease progression in mice. This HPV-relevant cytology assay will enable us to develop and test novel antiviral and anti-tumor therapies using this model to eliminate HPV-associated diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M. Atkins
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Comparative Medicine, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Aysegul Aksakal Uslu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Comparative Medicine, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jingwei J. Li
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and laboratory medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Debra A. Shearer
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and laboratory medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarah A. Brendle
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and laboratory medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chen Han
- TEM facility, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael Kozak
- Department of Pathology and laboratory medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paul Lopez
- Department of Immunology, The University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Deesha Nayar
- Department of Immunology, The University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Karla K. Balogh
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and laboratory medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Catherine Abendroth
- Department of Pathology and laboratory medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jean Copper
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and laboratory medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Keith C. Cheng
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and laboratory medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Neil D. Christensen
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and laboratory medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Microbiology and immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yusheng Zhu
- Department of Pathology and laboratory medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stefanie Avril
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Adam D. Burgener
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas T. Murooka
- Department of Immunology, The University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jiafen Hu
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and laboratory medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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James CD, Lewis RL, Fakunmoju AL, Witt A, Youssef AH, Wang X, Rais NM, Tadimari Prabhakar A, Machado JM, Otoa R, Bristol ML. Fibroblast Stromal Support Model for Predicting Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cancer Drug Responses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.09.588680. [PMID: 38644998 PMCID: PMC11030318 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.09.588680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Currently, there are no specific antiviral therapeutic approaches targeting Human papillomaviruses (HPVs), which cause around 5% of all human cancers. Specific antiviral reagents are particularly needed for HPV-related oropharyngeal cancers (HPV+OPCs) whose incidence is increasing and for which there are no early diagnostic tools available. We and others have demonstrated that the estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) is overexpressed in HPV+OPCs, compared to HPV-negative cancers in this region, and that these elevated levels are associated with an improved disease outcome. Utilizing this HPV+ specific overexpression profile, we previously demonstrated that estrogen attenuates the growth and cell viability of HPV+ keratinocytes and HPV+ cancer cells in vitro. Expansion of this work in vivo failed to replicate this sensitization. The role of stromal support from the tumor microenvironment (TME) has previously been tied to both the HPV lifecycle and in vivo therapeutic responses. Our investigations revealed that in vitro co-culture with fibroblasts attenuated HPV+ specific estrogen growth responses. Continuing to monopolize on the HPV+ specific overexpression of ERalpha, our co-culture models then assessed the suitability of the selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), raloxifene and tamoxifen, and showed growth attenuation in a variety of our models to one or both of these drugs in vitro. Utilization of these SERMs in vivo closely resembled the sensitization predicted by our co-culture models. Therefore, the in vitro fibroblast co-culture model better predicts in vivo responses. We propose that utilization of our co-culture in vitro model can accelerate cancer therapeutic drug discovery.
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Spurgeon ME, Townsend EC, Blaine-Sauer S, McGregor SM, Horswill M, den Boon JA, Ahlquist P, Kalan L, Lambert PF. Key aspects of papillomavirus infection influence the host cervicovaginal microbiome in a preclinical murine papillomavirus (MmuPV1) infection model. mBio 2024; 15:e0093324. [PMID: 38742830 PMCID: PMC11237646 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00933-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States and are a major etiological agent of cancers in the anogenital tract and oral cavity. Growing evidence suggests changes in the host microbiome are associated with the natural history and ultimate outcome of HPV infection. We sought to define changes in the host cervicovaginal microbiome during papillomavirus infection, persistence, and pathogenesis using the murine papillomavirus (MmuPV1) cervicovaginal infection model. Cervicovaginal lavages were performed over a time course of MmuPV1 infection in immunocompetent female FVB/N mice and extracted DNA was analyzed by qPCR to track MmuPV1 viral copy number. 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing was used to determine the composition and diversity of microbial communities throughout this time course. We also sought to determine whether specific microbial communities exist across the spectrum of MmuPV1-induced neoplastic disease. We, therefore, performed laser-capture microdissection to isolate regions of disease representing all stages of neoplastic disease progression (normal, low- and high-grade dysplasia, and cancer) from female reproductive tract tissue sections from MmuPV1-infected mice and performed 16S rRNA sequencing. Consistent with other studies, we found that the natural murine cervicovaginal microbiome is highly variable across different experiments. Despite these differences in initial microbiome composition between experiments, we observed that MmuPV1 persistence, viral load, and severity of disease influenced the composition of the cervicovaginal microbiome. These studies demonstrate that papillomavirus infection can alter the cervicovaginal microbiome.IMPORTANCEHuman papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States. A subset of HPVs that infect the anogenital tract (cervix, vagina, anus) and oral cavity cause at least 5% of cancers worldwide. Recent evidence indicates that the community of microbial organisms present in the human cervix and vagina, known as the cervicovaginal microbiome, plays a role in HPV-induced cervical cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying this interplay are not well-defined. In this study, we infected the female reproductive tract of mice with a murine papillomavirus (MmuPV1) and found that key aspects of papillomavirus infection and disease influence the host cervicovaginal microbiome. This is the first study to define changes in the host microbiome associated with MmuPV1 infection in a preclinical animal model of HPV-induced cervical cancer. These results pave the way for using MmuPV1 infection models to further investigate the interactions between papillomaviruses and the host microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E. Spurgeon
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Elizabeth C. Townsend
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Microbiology Doctoral Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Simon Blaine-Sauer
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Stephanie M. McGregor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mark Horswill
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- John W. and Jeanne M. Rowe Center for Research in Virology, Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Johan A. den Boon
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- John W. and Jeanne M. Rowe Center for Research in Virology, Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Paul Ahlquist
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- John W. and Jeanne M. Rowe Center for Research in Virology, Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Lindsay Kalan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- David Braley Centre for Antibiotic Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Delgado-Coka L, Horowitz M, Torrente-Goncalves M, Roa-Peña L, Leiton CV, Hasan M, Babu S, Fassler D, Oentoro J, Bai JDK, Petricoin EF, Matrisian LM, Blais EM, Marchenko N, Allard FD, Jiang W, Larson B, Hendifar A, Chen C, Abousamra S, Samaras D, Kurc T, Saltz J, Escobar-Hoyos LF, Shroyer KR. Keratin 17 modulates the immune topography of pancreatic cancer. J Transl Med 2024; 22:443. [PMID: 38730319 PMCID: PMC11087249 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05252-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immune microenvironment impacts tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and patient survival and may provide opportunities for therapeutic intervention in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Although never studied as a potential modulator of the immune response in most cancers, Keratin 17 (K17), a biomarker of the most aggressive (basal) molecular subtype of PDAC, is intimately involved in the histogenesis of the immune response in psoriasis, basal cell carcinoma, and cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Thus, we hypothesized that K17 expression could also impact the immune cell response in PDAC, and that uncovering this relationship could provide insight to guide the development of immunotherapeutic opportunities to extend patient survival. METHODS Multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) and automated image analysis based on novel computational imaging technology were used to decipher the abundance and spatial distribution of T cells, macrophages, and tumor cells, relative to K17 expression in 235 PDACs. RESULTS K17 expression had profound effects on the exclusion of intratumoral CD8+ T cells and was also associated with decreased numbers of peritumoral CD8+ T cells, CD16+ macrophages, and CD163+ macrophages (p < 0.0001). The differences in the intratumor and peritumoral CD8+ T cell abundance were not impacted by neoadjuvant therapy, tumor stage, grade, lymph node status, histologic subtype, nor KRAS, p53, SMAD4, or CDKN2A mutations. CONCLUSIONS Thus, K17 expression correlates with major differences in the immune microenvironment that are independent of any tested clinicopathologic or tumor intrinsic variables, suggesting that targeting K17-mediated immune effects on the immune system could restore the innate immunologic response to PDAC and might provide novel opportunities to restore immunotherapeutic approaches for this most deadly form of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyanne Delgado-Coka
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
- Program of Public Health and Department of Preventative Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Michael Horowitz
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Mariana Torrente-Goncalves
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Lucia Roa-Peña
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Cindy V Leiton
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Mahmudul Hasan
- Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Sruthi Babu
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Danielle Fassler
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Jaymie Oentoro
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Ji-Dong K Bai
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Emanuel F Petricoin
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
- Perthera, McLean, VA, USA
| | - Lynn M Matrisian
- Scientific and Medical Affairs, Pancreatic Cancer Action Network, Manhattan Beach, CA, USA
| | | | - Natalia Marchenko
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Felicia D Allard
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brent Larson
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Hendifar
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Shahira Abousamra
- Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Dimitris Samaras
- Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Tahsin Kurc
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Joel Saltz
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Luisa F Escobar-Hoyos
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Kenneth R Shroyer
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
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7
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King RE, Rademacher J, Ward-Shaw ET, Hu R, Bilger A, Blaine-Sauer S, Spurgeon ME, Thibeault SL, Lambert PF. The Larynx is Protected from Secondary and Vertical Papillomavirus Infection in Immunocompetent Mice. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:2322-2330. [PMID: 38084790 PMCID: PMC11006576 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mouse papillomavirus MmuPV1 causes both primary and secondary infections of the larynx in immunocompromised mice. Understanding lateral and vertical transmission of papillomavirus to the larynx would benefit patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). To test the hypothesis that the larynx is uniquely vulnerable to papillomavirus infection, and to further develop a mouse model of RRP, we assessed whether immunocompetent mice were vulnerable to secondary or vertical laryngeal infection with MmuPV1. METHODS Larynges were collected from 405 immunocompetent adult mice that were infected with MmuPV1 in the oropharynx, oral cavity, or anus, and 31 mouse pups born to immunocompetent females infected in the cervicovaginal tract. Larynges were analyzed via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of lavage fluid or whole tissues for viral DNA, histopathology, and/or in situ hybridization for MmuPV1 transcripts. RESULTS Despite some positive laryngeal lavage PCR screens, all laryngeal tissue PCR and histopathology results were negative for MmuPV1 DNA, transcripts, and disease. There was no evidence for lateral spread of MmuPV1 to the larynges of immunocompetent mice that were infected in the oral cavity, oropharynx, or anus. Pups born to infected mothers were negative for laryngeal MmuPV1 infection from birth through weaning age. CONCLUSION Secondary and vertical laryngeal MmuPV1 infections were not found in immunocompetent mice. Further work is necessary to explore immunologic control of laryngeal papillomavirus infection in a mouse model and to improve preclinical models of RRP. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 134:2322-2330, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee E. King
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Josef Rademacher
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Ella T. Ward-Shaw
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Andrea Bilger
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Simon Blaine-Sauer
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Megan E. Spurgeon
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Susan L. Thibeault
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
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8
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Liang W, Jie H, Xie H, Zhou Y, Li W, Huang L, Liang Z, Liu H, Zheng X, Zeng Z, Kang L. High KRT17 expression in tumour budding indicates immunologically 'hot' tumour budding and predicts good survival in patients with colorectal cancer. Clin Transl Immunology 2024; 13:e1495. [PMID: 38433762 PMCID: PMC10903186 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Emerging evidence has demonstrated that tumour budding (TB) is negatively associated with T-lymphocyte infiltration in CRC. Despite extensive research, the molecular characteristics of immunologically 'hot' TB remain poorly understood. Methods We quantified the number of TB by haematoxylin-eosin (H&E) sections and the densities of CD3+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes by immunohistochemistry in a CRC cohort of 351 cases who underwent curative resection. We analysed the differential expression and T-lymphocyte infiltration score of 37 human epithelial keratins in CRC using RNA sequencing from the TCGA dataset. In 278 TB-positive cases, KRT17 expression was evaluated in tumour centre (TC) and TB with a staining score. Patient demographic, clinicopathological features and survival rates were analysed. Results In a CRC cohort of 351 cases, low-grade TB was associated with high CD3+ and CD8+ T-cell densities in the invasive margin (IM) but not in the TC. Of 37 human epithelial keratins, only KRT17 expression in TB had an apparent association with TB-grade and T-lymphocyte infiltration. In 278 TB-positive cases, high KRT17 expression in TB (KRT17TB) was negatively associated with low-grade TB and positively associated with high CD3+ and CD8+ T-cell densities in IM. High KRT17TB predicted early tumour grade, absence of lymph node metastasis and absence of tumour deposits. Additionally, patients with high KRT17TB had good overall survival and disease-free survival. Notably, low KRT17TB can specifically identify those patients with a poor prognosis among colorectal cancer patients with low TB and high T-lymphocyte infiltration. Conclusions KRT17 can be employed as a new indicator for distinguishing different immunological TBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Liang
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Haiqing Jie
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Hao Xie
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Yebohao Zhou
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Wenxin Li
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Liang Huang
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Zhenxing Liang
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Huashan Liu
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Xiaobin Zheng
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Ziwei Zeng
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Liang Kang
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
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9
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Stern PL. Is immunotherapy a potential game changer in managing human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and intraepithelial neoplasia? Tumour Virus Res 2023; 16:200263. [PMID: 37236509 PMCID: PMC10774942 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvr.2023.200263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The International Papillomavirus Conference was held in Washington DC in April 2023 and encompassed wide ranging basic, clinical and public health research relating to animal and human papillomaviruses. This editorial is a personal reflection, it does not attempt to be comprehensive and reports on some key aspects centred on the prospects for immune interventions in prevention and treatment of HPV infections and early precancers with a focus on cervical neoplasia. There is optimism for the future impact of immunotherapy in treating early HPV associated disease. This will depend on developing an appropriate design of vaccines and delivery vehicles which then need to be properly tested in clinical trials that are able to measure a useful clinical endpoint. Thereafter vaccines (prophylactic or therapeutic) still need global access and sufficient uptake to deliver impact and a key and necessary driver is education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter L Stern
- Division of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK.
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10
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Lozar T, Wang W, Gavrielatou N, Christensen L, Lambert PF, Harari PM, Rimm DL, Burtness B, Grasic Kuhar C, Carchman EH. Emerging Prognostic and Predictive Significance of Stress Keratin 17 in HPV-Associated and Non HPV-Associated Human Cancers: A Scoping Review. Viruses 2023; 15:2320. [PMID: 38140561 PMCID: PMC10748233 DOI: 10.3390/v15122320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of literature suggests that the expression of cytokeratin 17 (K17) correlates with inferior clinical outcomes across various cancer types. In this scoping review, we aimed to review and map the available clinical evidence of the prognostic and predictive value of K17 in human cancers. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase (via Scopus), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar were searched for studies of K17 expression in human cancers. Eligible studies were peer-reviewed, published in English, presented original data, and directly evaluated the association between K17 and clinical outcomes in human cancers. Of the 1705 studies identified in our search, 58 studies met criteria for inclusion. Studies assessed the prognostic significance (n = 54), predictive significance (n = 2), or both the prognostic and predictive significance (n = 2). Altogether, 11 studies (19.0%) investigated the clinical relevance of K17 in cancers with a known etiologic association to HPV; of those, 8 (13.8%) were focused on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and 3 (5.1%) were focused on cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). To date, HNSCC, as well as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and pancreatic cancer, were the most frequently studied cancer types. K17 had prognostic significance in 16/17 investigated cancer types and 43/56 studies. Our analysis suggests that K17 is a negative prognostic factor in the majority of studied cancer types, including HPV-associated types such as HNSCC and cervical cancer (13/17), and a positive prognostic factor in 2/17 studied cancer types (urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract and breast cancer). In three out of four predictive studies, K17 was a negative predictive factor for chemotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taja Lozar
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (T.L.)
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Wei Wang
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (T.L.)
| | - Niki Gavrielatou
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Leslie Christensen
- Ebling Library, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (T.L.)
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Paul M. Harari
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - David L. Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Barbara Burtness
- Department of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Cvetka Grasic Kuhar
- University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Evie H. Carchman
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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