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Fiserova I, Fiser O, Novak M, Trnka J, Gibalova A, Kvapil D, Bacova B, Hozman M, Herman D, Benesova K, Osmancik P. Significant hemolysis is present during irreversible electroporation of cardiomyocytes in vitro. Heart Rhythm 2024:S1547-5271(24)03138-2. [PMID: 39147303 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulsed field ablation (PFA) of atrial fibrillation is a new method in clinical practice. Despite a favorable safety profile of PFA in atrial fibrillation ablation, rare cases of renal failure, probably due to hemolysis, have recently been reported. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the rate of hemolysis and cardiac cell death during in vitro PFA with different electric field intensities. METHODS Blood samples from healthy volunteers and mouse HL-1 cardiomyocyte cell lines were subjected to in vitro irreversible electroporation using 216 bipolar pulses, each lasting 2 μs with intervals of 5 μs, repeated 20 times at a frequency of 1 Hz. These pulses varied from 500 V to 1500 V. Cell-free hemoglobin levels were assessed spectrophotometrically, and red blood cell microparticles were evaluated by flow cytometry. Cardiomyocyte death was quantified with propidium iodide. RESULTS Pulsed field energy (1000 V/cm, 1250 V/cm, and 1500 V/cm) was associated with a significant increase in cell-free hemoglobin (0.32 ± 0.16 g/L, 2.2 ± 0.96 g/L, and 5.7 ± 0.39 g/L; P < .01) and similar increase in the concentration of red blood cell microparticles. Significant rates of cardiomyocyte death were observed at electric field strengths of 750 V/cm, 1000 V/cm, 1250 V/cm, and 1500 V/cm (26.5% ± 5.9%, 44.3% ± 6.2%, 55.5% ± 6.9%, and 74.5% ± 17.8% of cardiomyocytes; P < .01). CONCLUSION The most effective induction of cell death in vitro was observed at 1500 V/cm. This intensity was also associated with a significant degree of hemolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Fiserova
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Fiser
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Novak
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Trnka
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Antonia Gibalova
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Kvapil
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Bacova
- Department of Laboratory Hematology, Central Laboratories, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Hozman
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Herman
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Klara Benesova
- Institute for Biostatistical Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Osmancik
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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2
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Omotoye S, Singleton MJ, Zagrodzky J, Clark B, Sharma D, Metzl MD, Gallagher MM, Meininghaus DG, Leung L, Garg J, Warrier N, Panico A, Tamirisa K, Sanchez J, Mickelsen S, Sardana M, Shah D, Athill C, Hayat J, Silva R, Clark AT, Gray M, Levi B, Kulstad E, Girouard S, Zagrodzky W, Montoya MM, Bustamante TG, Berjano E, González-Suárez A, Daniels J. Mechanisms of action behind the protective effects of proactive esophageal cooling during radiofrequency catheter ablation in the left atrium. Heart Rhythm O2 2024; 5:403-416. [PMID: 38984358 PMCID: PMC11228283 DOI: 10.1016/j.hroo.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Proactive esophageal cooling for the purpose of reducing the likelihood of ablation-related esophageal injury resulting from radiofrequency (RF) cardiac ablation procedures is increasingly being used and has been Food and Drug Administration cleared as a protective strategy during left atrial RF ablation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. In this review, we examine the evidence supporting the use of proactive esophageal cooling and the potential mechanisms of action that reduce the likelihood of atrioesophageal fistula (AEF) formation. Although the pathophysiology behind AEF formation after thermal injury from RF ablation is not well studied, a robust literature on fistula formation in other conditions (eg, Crohn disease, cancer, and trauma) exists and the relationship to AEF formation is investigated in this review. Likewise, we examine the abundant data in the surgical literature on burn and thermal injury progression as well as the acute and chronic mitigating effects of cooling. We discuss the relationship of these data and maladaptive healing mechanisms to the well-recognized postablation pathophysiological effects after RF ablation. Finally, we review additional important considerations such as patient selection, clinical workflow, and implementation strategies for proactive esophageal cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jason Zagrodzky
- St. David’s Medical Center, Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin, Texas
| | | | | | - Mark D. Metzl
- NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Mark M. Gallagher
- St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lisa Leung
- St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jalaj Garg
- Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California
| | - Nikhil Warrier
- MemorialCare Heart & Vascular Institute, Fountain Valley, California
| | | | - Kamala Tamirisa
- Cardiac Electrophysiology, Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Dallas, Texas
| | - Javier Sanchez
- Cardiac Electrophysiology, Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Dallas, Texas
| | | | | | - Dipak Shah
- Ascension Providence Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | - Jamal Hayat
- Department of Gastroenterology, St George’s University Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rogelio Silva
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Advocate Aurora Christ Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Audra T. Clark
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - Benjamin Levi
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Erik Kulstad
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | | | | | | | | | - Enrique Berjano
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana González-Suárez
- Translational Medical Device Lab, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
| | - James Daniels
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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3
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Nies M, Koruth JS, Mlček M, Watanabe K, Tibenská VC, Královec Š, Tejkl L, Neuzil P, Reddy VY. Hemolysis After Pulsed Field Ablation: Impact of Lesion Number and Catheter-Tissue Contact. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2024; 17:e012765. [PMID: 38651357 DOI: 10.1161/circep.124.012765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Nies
- Helmsley Electrophysiology Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (M.N., J.S.K., K.W., V.Y.R.)
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (M.N.)
| | - Jacob S Koruth
- Helmsley Electrophysiology Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (M.N., J.S.K., K.W., V.Y.R.)
| | - Mikuláš Mlček
- Institute of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (M.M., V.C.T., Š.K., L.T., P.N.)
| | - Keita Watanabe
- Helmsley Electrophysiology Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (M.N., J.S.K., K.W., V.Y.R.)
| | - Veronika C Tibenská
- Institute of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (M.M., V.C.T., Š.K., L.T., P.N.)
| | - Štěpán Královec
- Institute of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (M.M., V.C.T., Š.K., L.T., P.N.)
- Department of Cardiology, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (Š.K., P.N., V.Y.R.)
| | - Leoš Tejkl
- Institute of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (M.M., V.C.T., Š.K., L.T., P.N.)
| | - Petr Neuzil
- Institute of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (M.M., V.C.T., Š.K., L.T., P.N.)
- Department of Cardiology, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (Š.K., P.N., V.Y.R.)
| | - Vivek Y Reddy
- Helmsley Electrophysiology Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (M.N., J.S.K., K.W., V.Y.R.)
- Department of Cardiology, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (Š.K., P.N., V.Y.R.)
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4
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Mohanty S, Casella M, Compagnucci P, Torlapati PG, Della Rocca DG, La Fazia VM, Gianni C, Chierchia GB, MacDonald B, Mayedo A, Khan UN, Allison J, Bassiouny M, Gallinghouse GJ, Burkhardt JD, Horton R, Al-Ahmad A, Di Biase L, de Asmundis C, Russo AD, Natale A. Acute Kidney Injury Resulting From Hemoglobinuria After Pulsed-Field Ablation in Atrial Fibrillation: Is it Preventable? JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2024; 10:709-715. [PMID: 38310489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-voltage pulses can cause hemolysis. OBJECTIVES The authors evaluated the occurrence of hemoglobinuria after pulsed-field ablation (PFA) and its impact on renal function in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS A consecutive series of patients with AF undergoing PFA were included in this analysis. The initial patients who did not receive postablation hydration immediately after the procedure were classified as group 1 (n = 28), and the rest of the study patients who received planned fluid infusion (0.9% sodium chloride ≥2 L) after the procedure were categorized as group 2 (n = 75). RESULTS Of the 28 patients in group 1, 21 (75%) experienced hemoglobinuria during the 24 hours after catheter ablation. The mean postablation serum creatinine (S-Cr) was significantly higher than the baseline value in those 21 patients (1.46 ± 0.28 mg/dL vs 0.86 ± 0.24 mg/dL, P < 0.001). Of those 21 patients, 4 (19%) had S-Cr. >2.5 mg/dL (mean: 2.95 ± 0.21 mg/dL). The mean number of PF applications was significantly higher in those 4 patients than in the other 17 patients experiencing hemoglobinuria (94.63 ± 3.20 vs 46.75 ± 9.10, P < 0.001). In group 2 patients, no significant changes in S-Cr were noted. The group 2 patients received significantly higher amounts of fluid infusion after catheter ablation than did those in group 1 (2,082.50 ± 258.08 mL vs 494.01 ± 71.65 mL, P < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, both hydration (R2 = 0.63, P < 0.01) and number of PFA applications (R2 = 0.33, P < 0.01) were independent predictors of postprocedure acute kidney injury. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of our findings, both the number of PFA applications and postablation hydration were independent predictors of renal insult that could be prevented using planned fluid infusion immediately after the procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghamitra Mohanty
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Michela Casella
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Paolo Compagnucci
- Department of Electrophysiology, Ospedali Riuniti Hospital, Ancona, Italy
| | - Prem Geeta Torlapati
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Carola Gianni
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas, USA
| | | | - Bryan MacDonald
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Angel Mayedo
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Umer N Khan
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - John Allison
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Mohamed Bassiouny
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas, USA
| | | | - John D Burkhardt
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Rodney Horton
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Amin Al-Ahmad
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Luigi Di Biase
- Department of Electrophysiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine at Montefiore Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Andrea Natale
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas, USA; Department of Electrophysiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine at Montefiore Hospital, New York, New York, USA; Interventional Electrophysiology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, California, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Metro Health Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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5
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Mondal N, Dalal DC. Modelling of reversible tissue electroporation and its thermal effects in drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 190:47-57. [PMID: 37459904 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Electroporation is a very useful tool for drug delivery into various diseased tissues of the human body. This technique helps to improve the clinical treatment by transferring drugs into the targeted cells rapidly. In electroporation, drug particles enter easily into the intracellular compartment through the temporarily permeabilized cell membrane due to the applied electric field. In this work, a mathematical model of drug delivery focusing on reversible tissue electroporation is presented. In addition, the thermal effects on the tissue, which is an outcome of Joule heating, are also considered. This model introduces a time-dependent mass transfer coefficient, which is significant to drug transport. Multiple pulses with low voltage are applied to reach sufficient drugs into the targeted cells. Based on the physical circumstances, a set of differential equations are considered and solved. The changes in drug concentration with different parameters (e.g., diffusion coefficient, drug permeability, pulse length, and pulse number) are analyzed. The model optimizes the electroporation parameters to uptake sufficient drugs into the cells with no thermal damage. This model can be used in clinical experiments to predict drug uptake into the infected cells by controlling the model parameters according to the nature of infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Mondal
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, The ICFAI University Tripura, West Tripura, Agartala 799210, Tripura, India.
| | - D C Dalal
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
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Scuderi M, Dermol-Černe J, Batista Napotnik T, Chaigne S, Bernus O, Benoist D, Sigg DC, Rems L, Miklavčič D. Characterization of Experimentally Observed Complex Interplay between Pulse Duration, Electrical Field Strength, and Cell Orientation on Electroporation Outcome Using a Time-Dependent Nonlinear Numerical Model. Biomolecules 2023; 13:727. [PMID: 37238597 PMCID: PMC10216437 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroporation is a biophysical phenomenon involving an increase in cell membrane permeability to molecules after a high-pulsed electric field is applied to the tissue. Currently, electroporation is being developed for non-thermal ablation of cardiac tissue to treat arrhythmias. Cardiomyocytes have been shown to be more affected by electroporation when oriented with their long axis parallel to the applied electric field. However, recent studies demonstrate that the preferentially affected orientation depends on the pulse parameters. To gain better insight into the influence of cell orientation on electroporation with different pulse parameters, we developed a time-dependent nonlinear numerical model where we calculated the induced transmembrane voltage and pores creation in the membrane due to electroporation. The numerical results show that the onset of electroporation is observed at lower electric field strengths for cells oriented parallel to the electric field for pulse durations ≥10 µs, and cells oriented perpendicular for pulse durations ~100 ns. For pulses of ~1 µs duration, electroporation is not very sensitive to cell orientation. Interestingly, as the electric field strength increases beyond the onset of electroporation, perpendicular cells become more affected irrespective of pulse duration. The results obtained using the developed time-dependent nonlinear model are corroborated by in vitro experimental measurements. Our study will contribute to the process of further development and optimization of pulsed-field ablation and gene therapy in cardiac treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Scuderi
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janja Dermol-Černe
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tina Batista Napotnik
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sebastien Chaigne
- INSERM, CRCTB, U 1045, IHU Liryc, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Olivier Bernus
- INSERM, CRCTB, U 1045, IHU Liryc, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - David Benoist
- INSERM, CRCTB, U 1045, IHU Liryc, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Daniel C. Sigg
- Medtronic, Cardiac Ablation Solutions, Minneapolis, MN 55105, USA
| | - Lea Rems
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damijan Miklavčič
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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7
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Zare F, Ghasemi N, Bansal N, Hosano H. Advances in pulsed electric stimuli as a physical method for treating liquid foods. Phys Life Rev 2023; 44:207-266. [PMID: 36791571 DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for alternative technologies that can deliver safe and nutritious foods at lower costs as compared to conventional processes. Pulsed electric field (PEF) technology has been utilised for a plethora of different applications in the life and physical sciences, such as gene/drug delivery in medicine and extraction of bioactive compounds in food science and technology. PEF technology for treating liquid foods involves engineering principles to develop the equipment, and quantitative biochemistry and microbiology techniques to validate the process. There are numerous challenges to address for its application in liquid foods such as the 5-log pathogen reduction target in food safety, maintaining the food quality, and scale up of this physical approach for industrial integration. Here, we present the engineering principles associated with pulsed electric fields, related inactivation models of microorganisms, electroporation and electropermeabilization theory, to increase the quality and safety of liquid foods; including water, milk, beer, wine, fruit juices, cider, and liquid eggs. Ultimately, we discuss the outlook of the field and emphasise research gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzan Zare
- School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia; School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Negareh Ghasemi
- School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Nidhi Bansal
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Hamid Hosano
- Biomaterials and Bioelectrics Department, Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
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8
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Václavek T, Foret F. Microfluidic device integrating single-cell extraction and electrical lysis for mass spectrometry detection of intracellular compounds. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:313-322. [PMID: 35315940 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of cellular composition and metabolism at a single-cell resolution allows gaining more information about complex relationships of cells within tissues or whole living organisms by resolving the variance stemming from the cellular heterogeneity. Mass spectrometry (MS) is a perfect analytical tool satisfying the demanding requirements of detecting and identifying compounds present in such ultralow-volume samples of high chemical complexity. However, the method of sampling and sample ionization is crucial in obtaining relevant information. In this work, we present a microfluidic sampling platform that integrates single-cell extraction from MS-incompatible media with electrical cell lysis and nanoESI-MS analysis of human erythrocytes. Hemoglobin alpha and beta chains (300 amol/cell) were successfully identified in mass spectra of single-erythrocyte lysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Václavek
- Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Biochemistry, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - František Foret
- Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
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9
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Lee K, Murphy J, Tripathi A. Electro-DBS: A Simple Method to Rapidly Extract Genomic DNA from Dried Blood Spots. Anal Chem 2022; 94:13404-13412. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiara Lee
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912 United States
- Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - John Murphy
- Brown BioMed Machine Shop, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Anubhav Tripathi
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912 United States
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10
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Resealed erythrocytes: Towards a novel approach for anticancer therapy. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Flautt T, Valderrábano M. Recent clinical trials in atrial fibrillation. Curr Opin Cardiol 2021; 36:798-802. [PMID: 34520406 PMCID: PMC8713141 DOI: 10.1097/hco.0000000000000914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Management of atrial fibrillation can be overwhelming with the amount of information and treatment options available today. This review discusses landmark and other clinically relevant trials published in the last 18 months. RECENT FINDINGS There have been several recent key clinical trials and subanalyses in the field of atrial fibrillation. Early rhythm control with ablation or antiarrhythmic medications has upended the previous practice of rate control for patients with atrial fibrillation. Vein of Marshall alcohol ablation in combination with endocardial mitral annular ablation and a hybrid epicardial/endocardial approach has shown promising results in the fight against persistent atrial fibrillation. Early ablation with cryoballoon therapy vs. antiarrhythmic therapy gives further evidence for early ablation in patients with symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. SUMMARY The rapid development in technology and medications to treat atrial fibrillation, prevent stroke and improve quality of life for patients has created a vast amount of information for physicians to process. The present review will focus on the recent (within 2 years) clinical trials in atrial fibrillation and the impact they may have on your practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Flautt
- Division of Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Debakey, Houston, Texas, USA
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12
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Li Y, Raza F, Liu Y, Wei Y, Rong R, Zheng M, Yuan W, Su J, Qiu M, Li Y, Raza F, Liu Y, Wei Y, Rong R, Zheng M, Yuan W, Su J, Qiu M. Clinical progress and advanced research of red blood cells based drug delivery system. Biomaterials 2021; 279:121202. [PMID: 34749072 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) are biocompatible carriers that can be employed to deliver different bioactive substances. In the past few decades, many strategies have been developed to encapsulate or attach drugs to RBCs. Osmotic-based encapsulation methods have been industrialized recently, and some encapsulated RBC formulations have reached the clinical stage for treating tumors and neurological diseases. Inspired by the intrinsic properties of intact RBCs, some advanced delivery strategies have also been proposed. These delivery systems combine RBCs with other novel systems to further exploit and expand the application of RBCs. This review summarizes the clinical progress of drugs encapsulated into intact RBCs, focusing on the loading and clinical trials. It also introduces the latest advanced research based on developing prospects and limitations of intact RBCs drug delivery system (DDS), hoping to provide a reference for related research fields and further application potential of intact RBCs based drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Li
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800, Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Faisal Raza
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800, Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhao Liu
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800, Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqi Wei
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800, Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruonan Rong
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800, Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyuan Zheng
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800, Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Weien Yuan
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800, Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Su
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800, Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China.
| | - Mingfeng Qiu
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800, Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China.
| | - Y Li
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800, Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - F Raza
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800, Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Liu
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800, Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Wei
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800, Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - R Rong
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800, Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - M Zheng
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800, Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - W Yuan
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800, Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - J Su
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800, Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - M Qiu
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800, Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
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13
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Novel engineering: Biomimicking erythrocyte as a revolutionary platform for drugs and vaccines delivery. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 900:174009. [PMID: 33722591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the years, extensive studies on erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells (RBCs), as a mechanism for drug delivery, have been explored mainly because the cell itself is the most abundant and has astonishing properties such as a long life span of 100-120 days, low immunogenicity, good biocompatibility, and flexibility. There are various types of RBC-based systems for drug delivery, including those that are genetically engineered, non-genetically engineered RBCs, as well as employing erythrocyte as nanocarriers for drug loading. Although promising, these systems are still in an early development stage. In this review, we aimed to highlight the development of biomimicking RBC-based drug and vaccine delivery systems, as well as the loading methods with illustrative examples. Drug-erythrocyte associations will also be discussed and highlighted in this review. We have highlighted the possibility of exploiting erythrocytes for the sustained delivery of drugs and vaccines, encapsulation of these biological agents within the erythrocyte or coupling to the surface of carrier erythrocytes, and provided insights on genetically- and non-genetically engineered erythrocytes-based strategies. Erythrocytes have been known as effective cellular carriers for therapeutic moieties for several years. Herein, we outline various loading methods that can be used to reap the benefits of these natural carriers. It has been shown that drugs and vaccines can be delivered via erythrocytes but it is important to select appropriate methods for increasing the drug encapsulated or conjugated on the surface of the erythrocyte membrane. The outlined examples will guide the selection of the most effective method as well as the impact of using erythrocytes as delivery systems for drugs and vaccines.
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14
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Bradley CJ, Haines DE. Pulsed field ablation for pulmonary vein isolation in the treatment of atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2020; 31:2136-2147. [DOI: 10.1111/jce.14414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Bradley
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beaumont HospitalOakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine Royal Oak Michigan
| | - David E. Haines
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beaumont HospitalOakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine Royal Oak Michigan
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15
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Aycock KN, Davalos RV. Irreversible Electroporation: Background, Theory, and Review of Recent Developments in Clinical Oncology. Bioelectricity 2019; 1:214-234. [PMID: 34471825 PMCID: PMC8370296 DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2019.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has established a clinical niche as an alternative to thermal ablation for the eradication of unresectable tumors, particularly those near critical vascular structures. IRE has been used in over 50 independent clinical trials and has shown clinical success when used as a standalone treatment and as a single component within combinatorial treatment paradigms. Recently, many studies evaluating IRE in larger patient cohorts and alongside other novel therapies have been reported. Here, we present the basic principles of reversible electroporation and IRE followed by a review of preclinical and clinical data with a focus on tumors in three organ systems in which IRE has shown great promise: the prostate, pancreas, and liver. Finally, we discuss alternative and future developments, which will likely further advance the use of IRE in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth N Aycock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Rafael V Davalos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, Virginia
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16
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17
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Wei XY, Li JH, Wang L, Yang F. Low-voltage electrical cell lysis using a microfluidic device. Biomed Microdevices 2019; 21:22. [PMID: 30790126 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-019-0369-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cell lysis, where cellular material is released, is the basis for the separation and purification of cell contents, biochemical analysis, and other related experiments. It is also a key step in molecular, real-time, and cancer diagnoses as well as in the drug screening of pathogens. The current methods of lysing cells have several limitations, such as damage to the activity of cellular components, the need for a large number of cell samples, time-consuming processes, and the danger of high voltage. Therefore, a simple, fast, and efficient method for the manipulation of micro-volume cells or for single cell lysis is significant for further scientific research and practical application. In this study, a new low-voltage controllable method for cell lysis was established, and a corresponding microfluidic chip was developed. Simple, efficient and rapid micro-volume cells and single cell lysis were successfully achieved under a low-voltage alternating current with a voltage of 16 Vp-p and frequency of 10 kHz. The lysis process was investigated in detail by separately labelling the whole cell, cytoplasm, and nucleus using fluorescent proteins, which indicated that the whole cell was completely lysed. Analysis of voltage and frequency effects revealed that a higher voltage and optimized frequency enhanced the cell lysis efficiency. The presented study provides a new strategy for the lysis of micro-volume cells or a single cell, which is valuable for on-chip real-time diagnostics and point of care (POC) applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Wei
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.,Changchun Experimental School of the Affiliated High School of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jin-Hua Li
- Changchun Experimental School of the Affiliated High School of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Changchun Experimental School of the Affiliated High School of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
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18
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Estifaee P, Su X, Yannam SK, Rogers S, Thagard SM. Mechanism of E. coli Inactivation by Direct-in-liquid Electrical Discharge Plasma in Low Conductivity Solutions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2326. [PMID: 30787358 PMCID: PMC6382884 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38838-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This work investigates and reveals the main mechanism(s) responsible for inactivation of E. coli by in-liquid pulsed electrical discharge plasma in low conductivity solutions. Experiments were designed and performed to explore the effects of plasma-emitted UV light, oxidative radicals, and electric field on E. coli inactivation curves, rate of DNA leakage and visual appearance of the treated microorganisms. Results showed that electric field had the main role in inactivation; scanning electron microscopy images revealed that both plasma and the isolated electric field result in extensive cell wall disruptions. While this damage in the case of plasma treatment was extensive and distributed randomly along the envelope, the electric field-induced damage resulted in disruption primarily at the poles of the bacterial rods. Subsequent experiments conducted with an oxidative radical scavenger suggested that plasma-generated radicals do not contribute directly to the inactivation but assist in cell wall deterioration and extension of the ruptures first generated by the electric field.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Estifaee
- Clarkson University, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA
| | - X Su
- Clarkson University, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA
| | - S K Yannam
- Clarkson University, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA
| | - S Rogers
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13699-5710, USA
| | - S Mededovic Thagard
- Clarkson University, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA.
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19
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Batista Napotnik T, Miklavčič D. In vitro electroporation detection methods – An overview. Bioelectrochemistry 2018; 120:166-182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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20
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Paniagua-Martínez I, Ramírez-Martínez A, Serment-Moreno V, Rodrigues S, Ozuna C. Non-thermal Technologies as Alternative Methods for Saccharomyces cerevisiae Inactivation in Liquid Media: a Review. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-018-2066-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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21
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Sinha S, Bhattacharyya PK. Understanding the influence of external perturbation on aziridinium ion formation. Mol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2017.1363922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sourab Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, Arya Vidyapeeth College, Guwahati, India
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22
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Jensen SD, Khorokhorina VA, Muratori C, Pakhomov AG, Pakhomova ON. Delayed hypersensitivity to nanosecond pulsed electric field in electroporated cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10992. [PMID: 28887559 PMCID: PMC5591300 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10825-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that conditioning of mammalian cells by electroporation with nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) facilitates their response to the next nsPEF treatment. The experiments were designed to unambiguously separate the electroporation-induced sensitization and desensitization effects. Electroporation was achieved by bursts of 300-ns, 9 kV/cm pulses (50 Hz, n = 3-100) and quantified by propidium dye uptake within 11 min after the nsPEF exposure. We observed either sensitization to nsPEF or no change (when the conditioning was either too weak or too intense, or when the wait time after conditioning was too short). Within studied limits, conditioning never caused desensitization. With settings optimal for sensitization, the second nsPEF treatment became 2.5 times (25 °C) or even 6 times (37 °C) more effective than the same nsPEF treatment delivered without conditioning. The minimum wait time required for sensitization development was 30 s, with still longer delays increasing the effect. We show that the delayed hypersensitivity was not mediated by either cell swelling or oxidative effect of the conditioning treatment; biological mechanisms underlying the delayed electrosensitization remain to be elucidated. Optimizing nsPEF delivery protocols to induce sensitization can reduce the dose and adverse side effects of diverse medical treatments which require multiple pulse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah D Jensen
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Vera A Khorokhorina
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.,A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, Obninsk, Kaluga region, Russia
| | - Claudia Muratori
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Andrei G Pakhomov
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Olga N Pakhomova
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.
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23
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Chen J, Wu Q, Luo L, Wang Y, Zhong Y, Dai HB, Sun D, Luo ML, Wu W, Wang GX. Dual tumor-targeted poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid)-polyethylene glycol-folic acid nanoparticles: a novel biodegradable nanocarrier for secure and efficient antitumor drug delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:5745-5760. [PMID: 28848351 PMCID: PMC5557624 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s136488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Further specific target-ability development of biodegradable nanocarriers is extremely important to promote their security and efficiency in antitumor drug-delivery applications. In this study, a facilely prepared poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-polyethylene glycol (PEG)-folic acid (FA) copolymer was able to self-assemble into nanoparticles with favorable hydrodynamic diameters of around 100 nm and negative surface charge in aqueous solution, which was expected to enhance intracellular antitumor drug delivery by advanced dual tumor-target effects, ie, enhanced permeability and retention induced the passive target, and FA mediated the positive target. Fluorescence-activated cell-sorting and confocal laser-scanning microscopy results confirmed that doxorubicin (model drug) loaded into PLGA-PEG-FA nanoparticles was able to be delivered efficiently into tumor cells and accumulated at nuclei. In addition, all hemolysis, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, and zebrafish-development experiments demonstrated that PLGA-PEG-FA nanoparticles were biocompatible and secure for biomedical applications, even at high polymer concentration (0.1 mg/mL), both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, PLGA-PEG-FA nanoparticles provide a feasible controlled-release platform for secure and efficient antitumor drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing
- Institute of Laboratory Animals, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu
| | - Qi Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing
| | - Li Luo
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing
| | - Han-Bin Dai
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing
| | - Da Sun
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou
| | - Mao-Ling Luo
- School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing
| | - Gui-Xue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing
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24
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Tzounakas VL, Karadimas DG, Papassideri IS, Seghatchian J, Antonelou MH. Erythrocyte-based drug delivery in Transfusion Medicine: Wandering questions seeking answers. Transfus Apher Sci 2017; 56:626-634. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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25
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On the effect of external perturbation on amino acid salt bridge: a DFT study. J CHEM SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-017-1266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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26
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Muratori C, Pakhomov AG, Pakhomova ON. Effect of Cooling On Cell Volume and Viability After Nanoelectroporation. J Membr Biol 2017; 250:217-224. [PMID: 28243693 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-017-9952-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Electric pulses of nanosecond duration (nsEP) are emerging as a new modality for tissue ablation. Plasma membrane permeabilization by nsEP may cause osmotic imbalance, water uptake, cell swelling, and eventual membrane rupture. The present study was aimed to increase the cytotoxicity of nsEP by fostering water uptake and cell swelling. This aim was accomplished by lowering temperature after nsEP application, which delayed the membrane resealing and/or suppressed the cell volume mechanisms. The cell diameter in U-937 monocytes exposed to a train of 50, 300-ns pulses (100 Hz, 7 kV/cm) at room temperature and then incubated on ice for 30 min increased by 5.6 +/- 0.7 μm (40-50%), which contrasted little or no changes (1 +/- 0.3 μm, <10%) if the incubation was at 37 °C. Neither this nsEP dose nor the 30-min cooling caused cell death when applied separately; however, their combination reduced cell survival to about 60% in 1.5-3 h. Isosmotic addition of a pore-impermeable solute (sucrose) to the extracellular medium blocked cell swelling and rescued the cells, thereby pointing to swelling as a primary cause of membrane rupture and cell death. Cooling after nsEP exposure can potentially be employed in medical practice to assist tissue and tumor ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Muratori
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, 4211 Monarch Way, Suite 318, Norfolk, VA, 23508, USA.
| | - Andrei G Pakhomov
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, 4211 Monarch Way, Suite 318, Norfolk, VA, 23508, USA
| | - Olga N Pakhomova
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, 4211 Monarch Way, Suite 318, Norfolk, VA, 23508, USA
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27
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Singh P, Singh S, Kesharwani RK. Resealed Erythrocytes as Drug Carriers and Its Therapeutic Applications. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-1762-7.ch018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this pharma innovative world, there are more than 30 drug delivery systems. Today's due to lacking the target specificity, the present scenario about drug delivery is emphasizing towards targeted drug delivery systems. Erythrocytes are the most common type of blood cells travel thousands of miles from wide to narrow pathways to deliver oxygen, drugs and nutrient during their lifetime. Red blood cells have strong and targeted potential carrier capabilities for varieties of drugs. Drug-loaded carrier erythrocytes or resealed erythrocytes are promising for various passive and active targeting. Resealed erythrocyte have advantage over several drug carrier models like biocompatibility, biodegradability without toxic products, inert intracellular environment, entrapping potential for a variety of chemicals, protection of the organism against toxic effects of the drug, able to circulate throughout the body, ideal zero-order drug-release kinetics, no undesired immune response against encapsulated drug etc. Resealed erythrocytes are rapidly taken up by macrophages of the Reticuloendothelial System (RES) of the liver, lung, and spleen of the body and hence drugs also. Resealed erythrocytes method of drugs delivery is secure and effective for drugs targeting specially for a longer period of time. This chapter will explain the different method of drug loading for resealed erythrocytes, their characterization, and applications in various therapies and associated health benefits.
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28
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Muratori C, Pakhomov AG, Gianulis EC, Jensen SD, Pakhomova ON. The cytotoxic synergy of nanosecond electric pulses and low temperature leads to apoptosis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36835. [PMID: 27833151 PMCID: PMC5104977 DOI: 10.1038/srep36835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Electroporation by nanosecond electric pulses (nsEP) is an emerging modality for tumor ablation. Here we show the efficient induction of apoptosis even by a non-toxic nsEP exposure when it is followed by a 30-min chilling on ice. This chilling itself had no impact on the survival of U-937 or HPAF-II cells, but caused more than 75% lethality in nsEP-treated cells (300 ns, 1.8-7 kV/cm, 50-700 pulses). The cell death was largely delayed by 5-23 hr and was accompanied by a 5-fold activation of caspase 3/7 (compared to nsEP without chilling) and more than 60% cleavage of poly-ADP ribose polymerase (compared to less than 5% in controls or after nsEP or chilling applied separately). When nsEP caused a transient permeabilization of 83% of cells to propidium iodide, cells placed at 37 °C resealed in 10 min, whereas 60% of cells placed on ice remained propidium-permeable even in 30 min. The delayed membrane resealing caused cell swelling, which could be blocked by an isosmotic addition of a pore-impermeable solute (sucrose). However, the block of swelling did not prevent the delayed cell death by apoptosis. The potent enhancement of nsEP cytotoxicity by subsequent non-damaging chilling may find applications in tumor ablation therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Muratori
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA
| | - Andrei G Pakhomov
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA
| | - Elena C Gianulis
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA
| | - Sarah Damsbo Jensen
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA
| | - Olga N Pakhomova
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA
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29
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Wassermann KJ, Barth S, Keplinger F, Noehammer C, Peham JR. High-k Dielectric Passivation: Novel Considerations Enabling Cell Specific Lysis Induced by Electric Fields. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:21228-21235. [PMID: 27466697 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b06927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A better understanding of the electrodynamic behavior of cells interacting with electric fields would allow for novel scientific insights and would lead to the next generation of cell manipulation, diagnostics, and treatment. Here, we introduce a promising electrode design by using metal oxide high-k dielectric passivation. The thermally generated dielectric passivation layer enables efficient electric field coupling to the fluid sample comprising cells while simultaneously decoupling the electrode ohmically from the electrolyte, allowing for better control and adjustability of electric field effects due to reduced electrochemical reactions at the electrode surface. This approach demonstrates cell-size specific lysis with electric fields in a microfluidic flow-through design resulting in 99.8% blood cell lysis at 6 s exposure without affecting the viability of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial spike-ins. The advantages of this new approach can support next-generation investigations of electrodynamics in biological systems and their exploitation for cell manipulation in multiple fields of medicine, life science, and industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klemens J Wassermann
- Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology , Vienna, Austria
| | - Sven Barth
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology , Vienna, Austria
| | - Franz Keplinger
- Institute of Sensor and Actuator Systems, Vienna University of Technology , Vienna, Austria
| | - Christa Noehammer
- Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology , Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes R Peham
- Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology , Vienna, Austria
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30
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Xu P, Wang R, Wang X, Ouyang J. Recent advancements in erythrocytes, platelets, and albumin as delivery systems. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:2873-84. [PMID: 27274282 PMCID: PMC4876107 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s104691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past few years, nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems have been applied to enhance the efficacy of therapeutics and to alleviate negative effects through the controlled delivery of targeting and releasing agents. However, few drug carriers can achieve high targeting efficacy, even when targeting modalities and surface markers are introduced. Immunological problems have also limited their wide applications. Biological drug delivery systems, such as erythrocytes, platelets, and albumin, have been extensively investigated because of their unique properties. In this review, erythrocytes, platelets, and albumin are described as efficient drug delivery systems. Their properties, applications, advantages, and limitations in disease treatment are explained. This review confirms that these systems can be used to facilitate a specific, biocompatible, and smart drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruju Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People's Republic of China; Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Ouyang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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31
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Sarmah N, Bhattacharyya PK. Behaviour of cation–pi interaction in presence of external electric field. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21334k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
External electric field effects cation–π interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabajit Sarmah
- Department of Chemistry
- Arya Vidyapeeth College
- Guwahati-781016
- India
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Parreno J, Delve E, Andrejevic K, Paez-Parent S, Wu PH, Kandel R. Efficient, Low-Cost Nucleofection of Passaged Chondrocytes. Cartilage 2016; 7:82-91. [PMID: 26958320 PMCID: PMC4749754 DOI: 10.1177/1947603515609399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleofection of chondrocytes has been shown to be an adequate method of transfection. Using Amaxa's nucleofection system, transfection efficiencies up to 89% were achievable for vector (pmaxGFP) and 98% for siRNA (siGLO) into passaged chondrocytes. However, such methods rely on costly commercial kits with proprietary reagents limiting its use in basic science labs and in clinical translation. Bovine-passaged chondrocytes were plated in serum reduced media conditionsand then nucleofected using various in laboratory-produced buffers. Cell attachment, confluency, viability, and transfection efficiency was assessed following nucleofection. For each parameter the buffers were scored and a final rank for each buffer was determined. Buffer denoted as 1M resulted in no significant difference for cell attachment, confluency, and viability as compared to non-nucleofected controls. Nucleofection in 1M buffer, in the absence of DNA vectors, resulted in increased col2, ki67, ccnd1 mRNA levels, and decreased col1 mRNA levels at 4 days of culture. Flow cytometry revealed that the transfection efficiency of 1M buffer was comparable to that obtained using the Amaxa commercial kit. siRNA designed against lamin A/C resulted in an average reduction of lamin A and C proteins to 19% and 8% of control levels, respectively. This study identifies a cost-effective, efficient method of nonviral nucleofection of bovine-passaged chondrocytes using known buffer formulations. Human-passaged chondrocytes could also be successfully nucleofected in 1M buffer. Thus this method should facilitate cost-efficient gene targeting of cells used for articular cartilage repair in a research setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Parreno
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Insitute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Delve
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Insitute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katarina Andrejevic
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Insitute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Po-han Wu
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Insitute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rita Kandel
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Insitute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Rita Kandel, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada.
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Mauroy C, Rico-Lattes I, Teissié J, Rols MP. Electric Destabilization of Supramolecular Lipid Vesicles Subjected to Fast Electric Pulses. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:12215-12222. [PMID: 26488925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Biological membranes are weakly permeable to hydrophilic molecules and ions and electric pulses can induce their transient permeabilization, but this process is not well characterized. We directly assay the electropermeabilization process, on the minimum model of lipid vesicles, by using a highly sensitive fluorescence method based on manganese ion transport. The approach gives access, at the single-lipid self-assembly level, to the transmembrane potential needed to detect divalent ion permeabilization on supramolecular giant unilamellar lipid vesicles. The critical values are strongly dependent on the lipid composition and are observed to vary from 10 to 150 mV. These values appear to be much lower than those previously reported in the literature for cells and vesicles. The detection method appears to be a decisive parameter as it is controlled by the transport of the reporter dye. We also provide evidence that the electropermeabilization process is a transient transition of the lipid self-organization due to the loss of assembly cohesion induced by bioelectrochemical perturbations of the zwitterionic interface with the solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Mauroy
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5089 and Université Paul Sabatier , 205 route de Narbonne, BP 64182, 31077 Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire des Interactions Moléculaires et Réactivité Chimique et Photochimique, UMR 5623 CNRS and Université Paul Sabatier , 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Rico-Lattes
- Laboratoire des Interactions Moléculaires et Réactivité Chimique et Photochimique, UMR 5623 CNRS and Université Paul Sabatier , 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Justin Teissié
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5089 and Université Paul Sabatier , 205 route de Narbonne, BP 64182, 31077 Toulouse, France
- Emeritus Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5089 and Université Paul Sabatier, 205 route de Narbonne, BP 64182, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Rols
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5089 and Université Paul Sabatier , 205 route de Narbonne, BP 64182, 31077 Toulouse, France
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Weng CW, Hsieh BC, Hou YT, Cheng TJ. Determination of hematocrit by voltage-induced hemolysis on a disposable electrochemical sensing strip. Analyst 2015; 140:6619-24. [PMID: 26332369 DOI: 10.1039/c5an01251a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Besides being a crucial parameter for surgery and clinical diagnosis, hematocrit tends to affect the analytical results of point-of-care analytical devices. Therefore, an accurate and quick method for measuring hematocrit was developed on the basis of screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE). An impulse DC voltage of 3.0 V was imposed on ferricyanide-coated SPCE to induce hemolysis, and the released hemoglobin reduced the ferricyanide, generating a higher oxidation current for estimating hematocrit. Hematocrit ranging from 10 to 70% can be determined in 5 s by linear sweep voltammetry (r(2) = 0.9907) or 0.8 s by 3 V of potential step voltammetry (r(2) = 0.9833).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Wei Weng
- Biosensor Lab, Department of Bio-Industrial Mechatronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Dutta BJ, Bhattacharyya PK. Reactivity and Aromaticity of Nucleobases are Sensitive Toward External Electric Field. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:9573-82. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5047535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Biswa Jyoti Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Arya Vidyapeeth College, Guwahati, Assam 781016, India
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Pakhomova ON, Gregory B, Semenov I, Pakhomov AG. Calcium-mediated pore expansion and cell death following nanoelectroporation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1838:2547-54. [PMID: 24978108 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Opening of long-lived pores in the cell membrane is the principal primary effect of intense, nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF). Here we demonstrate that the evolution of pores, cell survival, the time and the mode of cell death (necrotic or apoptotic) are determined by the level of external Ca(2+) after nsPEF. We also introduce a novel, minimally disruptive technique for nsEP exposure of adherent cells on indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass coverslips, which does not require cell detachment and enables fast exchanges of bath media. Increasing the Ca(2+) level from the nominal 2-5μM to 2mM for the first 60-90min after permeabilization by 300-nsPEF increased the early (necrotic) death in U937, CHO, and BPAE cells. With nominal Ca(2+), the inhibition of osmotic swelling rescued cells from the early necrosis and increased caspase 3/7 activation later on. However, the inhibition of swelling had a modest or no protective effect with 2mM Ca(2+) in the medium. With the nominal Ca(2+), most cells displayed gradual increase in YO-PRO-1 and propidium (Pr) uptake. With 2mM Ca(2+), the initially lower Pr uptake was eventually replaced by a massive and abrupt Pr entry (necrotic death). It was accompanied by a transient acceleration of the growth of membrane blebs due to the increase of the intracellular osmotic pressure. We conclude that the high-Ca(2+)-dependent necrotic death in nsPEF-treated cells is effected by a delayed, sudden, and osmotically-independent pore expansion (or de novo formation of larger pores), but not by the membrane rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga N Pakhomova
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.
| | - Betsy Gregory
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Iurii Semenov
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Andrei G Pakhomov
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
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Bhateria M, Rachumallu R, Singh R, Bhatta RS. Erythrocytes-based synthetic delivery systems: transition from conventional to novel engineering strategies. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 11:1219-36. [PMID: 24912015 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.927436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Erythrocytes (red blood cells [RBCs]) and artificial or synthetic delivery systems such as liposomes, nanoparticles (NPs) are the most investigated carrier systems. Herein, progress made from conventional approach of using RBC as delivery systems to novel approach of using synthetic delivery systems based on RBC properties will be reviewed. AREAS COVERED We aim to highlight both conventional and novel approaches of using RBCs as potential carrier system. Conventional approaches which include two main strategies are: i) directly loading therapeutic moieties in RBCs; and ii) coupling them with RBCs whereas novel approaches exploit structural, mechanical and biological properties of RBCs to design synthetic delivery systems through various engineering strategies. Initial attempts included coupling of antibodies to liposomes to specifically target RBCs. Knowledge obtained from several studies led to the development of RBC membrane derived liposomes (nanoerythrosomes), inspiring future application of RBC or its structural features in other attractive delivery systems (hydrogels, filomicelles, microcapsules, micro- and NPs) for even greater potential. EXPERT OPINION In conclusion, this review dwells upon comparative analysis of various conventional and novel engineering strategies in developing RBC based drug delivery systems, diversifying their applications in arena of drug delivery. Regardless of the challenges in front of us, RBC based delivery systems offer an exciting approach of exploiting biological entities in a multitude of medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Bhateria
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Pharmacokinetics & Metabolism Division , B.S. 10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow - 226031 , India +91 522 2771940 Ext-4853 ; +91 522 2771941 ; ,
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Pakhomov AG, Semenov I, Xiao S, Pakhomova ON, Gregory B, Schoenbach KH, Ullery JC, Beier HT, Rajulapati SR, Ibey BL. Cancellation of cellular responses to nanoelectroporation by reversing the stimulus polarity. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:4431-41. [PMID: 24748074 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1626-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nanoelectroporation of biomembranes is an effect of high-voltage, nanosecond-duration electric pulses (nsEP). It occurs both in the plasma membrane and inside the cell, and nanoporated membranes are distinguished by ion-selective and potential-sensitive permeability. Here we report a novel phenomenon of bioeffects cancellation that puts nsEP cardinally apart from the conventional electroporation and electrostimulation by milli- and microsecond pulses. We compared the effects of 60- and 300-ns monopolar, nearly rectangular nsEP on intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization and cell survival with those of bipolar 60 + 60 and 300 + 300 ns pulses. For diverse endpoints, exposure conditions, pulse numbers (1-60), and amplitudes (15-60 kV/cm), the addition of the second phase cancelled the effects of the first phase. The overall effect of bipolar pulses was profoundly reduced, despite delivering twofold more energy. Cancellation also took place when two phases were separated into two independent nsEP of opposite polarities; it gradually tapered out as the interval between two nsEP increased, but was still present even at a 10-µs interval. The phenomenon of cancellation is unique for nsEP and has not been predicted by the equivalent circuit, transport lattice, and molecular dynamics models of electroporation. The existing paradigms of membrane permeabilization by nsEP will need to be modified. Here we discuss the possible involvement of the assisted membrane discharge, two-step oxidation of membrane phospholipids, and reverse transmembrane ion transport mechanisms. Cancellation impacts nsEP applications in cancer therapy, electrostimulation, and biotechnology, and provides new insights into effects of more complex waveforms, including pulsed electromagnetic emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei G Pakhomov
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, 4211 Monarch Way, Suite 300, Norfolk, VA, 23508, USA,
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Omarova EO, Antonenko YN. Inhibition of oxidative hemolysis in erythrocytes by mitochondria-targeted antioxidants of SkQ series. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2014; 79:139-45. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297914020072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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40
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van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk S, Hannaman D. Electroporation for DNA immunization: clinical application. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 9:503-17. [DOI: 10.1586/erv.10.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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41
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Plant cell electrophysiology: Applications in growth enhancement, somatic hybridisation and gene transfer. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 31:1237-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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The role of pH fronts in tissue electroporation based treatments. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80167. [PMID: 24278257 PMCID: PMC3836965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatments based on electroporation (EP) induce the formation of pores in cell membranes due to the application of pulsed electric fields. We present experimental evidence of the existence of pH fronts emerging from both electrodes during treatments based on tissue EP, for conditions found in many studies, and that these fronts are immediate and substantial. pH fronts are indirectly measured through the evanescence time (ET), defined as the time required for the tissue buffer to neutralize them. The ET was measured through a pH indicator imaged at a series of time intervals using a four-cluster hard fuzzy-c-means algorithm to segment pixels corresponding to the pH indicator at every frame. The ET was calculated as the time during which the number of pixels was 10% of those in the initial frame. While in EP-based treatments such as reversible (ECT) and irreversible electroporation (IRE) the ET is very short (though enough to cause minor injuries) due to electric pulse characteristics and biological buffers present in the tissue, in gene electrotransfer (GET), ET is much longer, enough to denaturate plasmids and produce cell damage. When any of the electric pulse parameters is doubled or tripled the ET grows and, remarkably, when any of the pulse parameters in GET is halved, the ET drops significantly. Reducing pH fronts has relevant implications for GET treatment efficiency, due to a substantial reduction of plasmid damage and cell loss.
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Romeo S, Wu YH, Levine ZA, Gundersen MA, Vernier PT. Water influx and cell swelling after nanosecond electropermeabilization. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1828:1715-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Brambach BC, Michels A, Franzke J, Kettler R. Current density and conductivity dependent electroporation of Escherichia coli C600. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2012; 111:46-54. [PMID: 23274736 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2012.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Transformation and surviving of E. coli C600 have been evaluated in dependence on the electric field strength and current density by changing the conductivity of the bacteria suspension. In this context the impact of making bacteria electrocompetent and the addition of NaCl solution was examined. Transformation efficiency declines with increasing conductivity of the suspension. When washing bacteria differently, the transformation efficiency correlates with the number of survivors. In contrary, adding different concentrations of NaCl has no effect on the surviving of E. coli C600. In dependence on the electric field strength, the transformation efficiency shows no effect on changing the conductivity. Regarding the transformation efficiency in dependence of the current density, a clear shift of the transformation maximum was observed. For higher conductivities, higher current densities are needed to reach the transformation maximum.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Brambach
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Miniaturisierung, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6b, 44227 Dormund, Germany
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Rassokhin MA, Pakhomov AG. Electric field exposure triggers and guides formation of pseudopod-like blebs in U937 monocytes. J Membr Biol 2012; 245:521-9. [PMID: 22638933 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-012-9433-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We describe a new phenomenon of anodotropic pseudopod-like blebbing in U937 cells stimulated by nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF). In contrast to "regular," round-shaped blebs, which are often seen in response to cell damage, pseudopod-like blebs (PLBs) formed as longitudinal membrane protrusions toward anode. PLB length could exceed the cell diameter in 2 min of exposure to 60-ns, 10-kV/cm pulses delivered at 10-20 Hz. Both PLBs and round-shaped nsPEF-induced blebs could be efficiently inhibited by partial isosmotic replacement of bath NaCl for a larger solute (sucrose), thereby pointing to the colloid-osmotic water uptake as the principal driving force for bleb formation. In contrast to round-shaped blebs, PLBs retracted within several minutes after exposure. Cells treated with 1 nM of the actin polymerization blocker cytochalasin D were unable to form PLBs and instead produced stationary, spherical blebs with no elongation or retraction capacity. Live cell fluorescent actin tagging showed that during elongation actin promptly entered the PLB interior, forming bleb cortex and scaffold, which was not seen in stationary blebs. Overall, PLB formation was governed by both passive (physicochemical) effects of membrane permeabilization and active cytoskeleton assembly in the living cell. To a certain extent, PLB mimics the membrane extension in the process of cell migration and can be employed as a nonchemical model for studies of cytomechanics, membrane-cytoskeleton interaction and cell motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail A Rassokhin
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA.
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Vorobiev E, Lebovka N. Pulse Electric Field-Assisted Extraction. ENHANCING EXTRACTION PROCESSES IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1201/b11241-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Nesin OM, Pakhomova ON, Xiao S, Pakhomov AG. Manipulation of cell volume and membrane pore comparison following single cell permeabilization with 60- and 600-ns electric pulses. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2010; 1808:792-801. [PMID: 21182825 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2010.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Revised: 12/11/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Intense nanosecond-duration electric pulses (nsEP) open stable nanopores in the cell membrane, followed by cell volume changes due to water uptake or expulsion, as regulated by the osmolality balance of pore-impermeable solutes inside and outside the cell. The size of pores opened by either fifty 60-ns EP (~13 kV/cm) or five, 600-ns EP (~6 kV/cm) in GH3 cells was estimated by isoosmotic replacement of bath NaCl with polyethylene glycols and sugars. Such replacement reduced cell swelling or resulted in transient or sustained cell shrinking in response to EP. depending on the availability of pores permeable to the test solute. Unexpectedly, solute substitutions showed that for the same integral area of pores opened by 60- and 600-ns treatments (as estimated by cell volume changes), the pore sizes were similar. However, the 600-ns exposure triggered significantly higher cell uptake of propidium. We concluded that 600-ns EP opened a greater number of larger (propidium-permeable pores), but the fraction of the larger pores in the entire pore population was insufficient to contribute to cell volume changes. For both the 60- and 600-ns exposures, cell volume changes were determined by pores smaller than 0.9 nm in diameter; however, the diameter increased with increasing the nsEP intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena M Nesin
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA
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Suprynowicz FA, Mazia D. Fluctuation of the Ca-sequestering activity of permeabilized sea urchin embryos during the cell cycle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 82:2389-93. [PMID: 16593554 PMCID: PMC397563 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.82.8.2389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We have followed the sequestration of Ca(2+) by intracellular compartments in sea urchin embryos through the first cell cycles. To gain biochemical access to these compartments, the embryos were permeabilized by brief exposure to an intense electric field. Sequestration was determined as the retention of tracer, (45)Ca, after filtration of aliquots on Millipore filters. The permeabilized cells sequester Ca(2+) at a constant rate for at least 20 min, with the following characteristics: (i) ATP is required. (ii) Sequestration occurs at Ca(2+) levels corresponding to those estimated in vivo. (iii) The Ca(2+) concentration dependence of sequestration and its insensitivity to mitochondrial poisons imply that the activity derives from a single, nonmitochondrial transport system. The Ca(2+)-sequestering activities of embryos that are permeabiized at successive stages of the first cell cycle (one-cell stage) progressively increase to 5 times the initial level. The rate of sequestration is maximal during telophase and, in some populations of zygotes, is nearly as great throughout prophase. Over the course of the second cell cycle (two-cell stage), the activity undergoes a 2-fold oscillation that bears the same temporal relationship to mitosis as the previous fluctuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Suprynowicz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Hopkins Marine Station, Pacific Grove, CA 93950
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Analysis of radiofrequency energy stored in the altered shapes: Stomatocyte–echinocyte of human erythrocytes. Bioelectrochemistry 2010; 77:158-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2009.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Revised: 03/31/2009] [Accepted: 07/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Agarwal A, Wang M, Olofsson J, Orwar O, Weber SG. Control of the release of freely diffusing molecules in single-cell electroporation. Anal Chem 2009; 81:8001-8. [PMID: 19731948 PMCID: PMC2938737 DOI: 10.1021/ac9010292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Single-cell electroporation using an electrolyte-filled capillary is an emerging technique for transient pore formation in adherent cells. Because adherent cells do not have a simple and consistent shape and because the electric field emanating from the tip of the capillary is inhomogeneous, the Schwan equation based on spherical cells in homogeneous electrical fields does not apply. We sought to determine experimental and cell parameters that influence the outcome of a single-cell electroporation experiment. A549 cells were exposed to the thiol-reactive dye Thioglo-1, leading to green fluorescence from intracellular thiol adducts. Electroporation causes a decrease with time of the intracellular fluorescence intensity of Thioglo-1-loaded cells from diffusive loss of thiol adducts. The transient curves thus obtained are well-described by a simple model originally developed by Puc et al. We find that the final fluorescence following electroporation is related to the capillary tip-to-cell distance and cell size (specifically, 2(A/pi)(1/2) where A is the area of the cell's image in pixels. This quantity is the diameter if the image is a circle). In separate experiments, the relationship obtained can be used to control the final fluorescence following electroporation by adjusting the tip-to-cell distance based on cell size. The relationship was applied successfully to A549 as well as DU 145 and PC-3 cells. Finally, F-tests show that the variability in the final fluorescence (following electroporation) is decreased when the tip-to-cell distance is controlled according to the derived relationship in comparison to experiments in which the tip-cell distance is a constant irrespective of cell size.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Stephen G. Weber
- Corresponding author. Phone: +1(412)624-8520. Fax: +1(412)624-1668.
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