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Long L, Zhang H, Zhou Z, Duan L, Fan D, Wang R, Xu S, Qiao D, Zhu W. Pyrrole-containing hybrids as potential anticancer agents: An insight into current developments and structure-activity relationships. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 273:116470. [PMID: 38762915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Cancer poses a significant threat to human health. Therefore, it is urgent to develop potent anti-cancer drugs with excellent inhibitory activity and no toxic side effects. Pyrrole and its derivatives are privileged heterocyclic compounds with significant diverse pharmacological effects. These compounds can target various aspects of cancer cells and have been applied in clinical settings or are undergoing clinical trials. As a result, pyrrole has emerged as a promising drug scaffold and has been further probed to get novel entities for the treatment of cancer. This article reviews recent research progress on anti-cancer drugs containing pyrrole. It focuses on the mechanism of action, biological activity, and structure-activity relationships of pyrrole derivatives, aiming to assist in designing and synthesizing innovative pyrrole-based anti-cancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Long
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - ZhiHui Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Lei Duan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Dang Fan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China.
| | - Dan Qiao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China.
| | - Wufu Zhu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China.
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Lim A, Edderkaoui M, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Wang R, Pandol SJ, Ou Y. Designing a predictive Framework: Immune-Related Gene-Based nomogram and prognostic model for kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111878. [PMID: 38493693 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP) is frequently associated with an unfavorable prognosis for affected individuals. Unfortunately, there has been insufficient exploration in search for a reliable prognosis signature and predictive indicators to forecast outcomes for KIRP patients. AIM The aim of this study is to employ a comprehensive analysis of data for the identification of prognosis genes, leading to the development of a nomogram with strong predictive capabilities. The objective is to provide a valuable statistical tool that, when implemented in a clinical setting, can offer patients an early opportunity for treatment and enhance their chances of ultimate recovery from this life-threatening disease. METHODS Different packages in R were used to analyze RNA-seq data from the TCGA data portal. Multivariate Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier analysis were also used to investigate the prognostic values of immune-related genes and construct the predictive model and nomogram. A p-value < 0.05 was considered to be significant. RESULTS A total of 368 immune-related genes and 60 TFs were identified as differentially expressed in KIRP tissues compared with normal tissues. Of the 368, 23 were found to be related to overall survival. GO and KEGG analysis suggested that these prognostic immune-related genes mainly participated in the ERK1 and ERK2 cascades, Rap1 signaling pathway, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. 9 genes were identified from Cox regression to be statistically significant prognostic-related genes. Survival analysis showed that a model based on these 9 prognostic-related genes has high predictive performance. Immunohistochemistry results show that APOH, BIRC5, CCL19, and GRN were significantly increased in kidney cancer. B cells and CD4 + T cells were positively correlated with risk score model. CONCLUSION A prognostic model was successfully created based on 9 immune-related genes correlated with overall survival in KIRP. This work aims to provide some insight into therapeutic approaches and prognostic predictors of KIRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Lim
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mouad Edderkaoui
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; University of California at Los Angeles, California
| | - Yi Zhang
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Qiang Wang
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ruoxiang Wang
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Stephen J Pandol
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; University of California at Los Angeles, California
| | - Yan Ou
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
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Grädler U, Schwarz D, Wegener A, Eichhorn T, Bandeiras TM, Freitas MC, Lammens A, Ganichkin O, Augustin M, Minguzzi S, Becker F, Bomke J. Biophysical and structural characterization of the impacts of MET phosphorylation on tepotinib binding. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105328. [PMID: 37806493 PMCID: PMC10654029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The receptor tyrosine kinase MET is activated by hepatocyte growth factor binding, followed by phosphorylation of the intracellular kinase domain (KD) mainly within the activation loop (A-loop) on Y1234 and Y1235. Dysregulation of MET can lead to both tumor growth and metastatic progression of cancer cells. Tepotinib is a highly selective, potent type Ib MET inhibitor and approved for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer harboring METex14 skipping alterations. Tepotinib binds to the ATP site of unphosphorylated MET with critical π-stacking contacts to Y1230 of the A-loop, resulting in a high residence time. In our study, we combined protein crystallography, biophysical methods (surface plasmon resonance, differential scanning fluorimetry), and mass spectrometry to clarify the impacts of A-loop conformation on tepotinib binding using different recombinant MET KD protein variants. We solved the first crystal structures of MET mutants Y1235D, Y1234E/1235E, and F1200I in complex with tepotinib. Our biophysical and structural data indicated a linkage between reduced residence times for tepotinib and modulation of A-loop conformation either by mutation (Y1235D), by affecting the overall Y1234/Y1235 phosphorylation status (L1195V and F1200I) or by disturbing critical π-stacking interactions with tepotinib (Y1230C). We corroborated these data with target engagement studies by fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy using KD constructs in cell lysates or full-length receptors from solubilized cellular membranes as WT or activated mutants (Y1235D and Y1234E/1235E). Collectively, our results provide further insight into the MET A-loop structural determinants that affect the binding of the selective inhibitor tepotinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Grädler
- The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Daniel Schwarz
- The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Ansgar Wegener
- The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Tiago M Bandeiras
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Micael C Freitas
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jörg Bomke
- The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
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Integrated Tissue and Blood miRNA Expression Profiles Identify Novel Biomarkers for Accurate Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Breast Cancer: Preliminary Results and Future Clinical Implications. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13111931. [DOI: 10.3390/genes13111931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to identify miRNAs that were closely related to breast cancer (BRCA). By integrating several methods including significance analysis of microarrays, fold change, Pearson’s correlation analysis, t test, and receiver operating characteristic analysis, we developed a decision-tree-based scoring algorithm, called Optimized Scoring Mechanism for Primary Synergy MicroRNAs (O-PSM). Five synergy miRNAs (hsa-miR-139-5p, hsa-miR-331-3p, hsa-miR-342-5p, hsa-miR-486-5p, and hsa-miR-654-3p) were identified using O-PSM, which were used to distinguish normal samples from pathological ones, and showed good results in blood data and in multiple sets of tissue data. These five miRNAs showed accurate categorization efficiency in BRCA typing and staging and had better categorization efficiency than experimentally verified miRNAs. In the Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network, the target genes of hsa-miR-342-5p have the most regulatory relationships, which regulate carcinogenesis proliferation and metastasis by regulating Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis and the Rap1 signaling pathway. Moreover, hsa-miR-342-5p showed potential clinical application in survival analysis. We also used O-PSM to generate an R package uploaded on github (SuFei-lab/OPSM accessed on 22 October 2021). We believe that miRNAs included in O-PSM could have clinical implications for diagnosis, prognostic stratification and treatment of BRCA, proposing potential significant biomarkers that could be utilized to design personalized treatment plans in BRCA patients in the future.
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De Herdt MJ, van der Steen B, Baatenburg de Jong RJ, Looijenga LHJ, Koljenović S, Hardillo JA. The Occurrence of MET Ectodomain Shedding in Oral Cancer and Its Potential Impact on the Use of Targeted Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061491. [PMID: 35326642 PMCID: PMC8946088 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Head and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer type worldwide, comprising tumors of the upper aero/digestive tract. Approximately 50% of these cancers originate in the oral cavity. Depending on disease stage, oral cancer patients are treated with single-modality surgery, or in combination with radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy. Despite advances in these modalities, the 5-year survival rate is merely 50%. Therefore, implementation of targeted therapies, directed against signaling molecules, has gained attention. One potential target is the MET protein, which can be present on the surface of cancer cells, orchestrating aggressive behavior. As cancer cells can shed the extracellular part of MET from their surface, it is important to identify for MET positive patients whether they possess the entire and/or only the intracellular part of the receptor to assess whether targeted therapies directed against the extracellular, intracellular, or both parts of MET need to be implemented. Abstract The receptor tyrosine kinase MET has gained attention as a therapeutic target. Although MET immunoreactivity is associated with progressive disease, use of targeted therapies has not yet led to major survival benefits. A possible explanation is the lack of companion diagnostics (CDx) that account for proteolytic processing. During presenilin-regulated intramembrane proteolysis, MET’s ectodomain is shed into the extracellular space, which is followed by γ-secretase-mediated cleavage of the residual membranous C-terminal fragment. The resulting intracellular fragment is degraded by the proteasome, leading to downregulation of MET signaling. Conversely, a membrane-bound MET fragment lacking the ectodomain (MET-EC-) can confer malignant potential. Use of C- and N-terminal MET monoclonal antibodies (moAbs) has illustrated that MET-EC- occurs in transmembranous C-terminal MET-positive oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Here, we propose that ectodomain shedding, resulting from G-protein-coupled receptor transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling, and/or overexpression of ADAM10/17 and/or MET, stabilizes and possibly activates MET-EC- in OSCC. As MET-EC- is associated with poor prognosis in OSCC, it potentially has impact on the use of targeted therapies. Therefore, MET-EC- should be incorporated in the design of CDx to improve patient stratification and ultimately prolong survival. Hence, MET-EC- requires further investigation seen its oncogenic and predictive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. De Herdt
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (B.v.d.S.); (R.J.B.d.J.); (J.A.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-10-7044490
| | - Berdine van der Steen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (B.v.d.S.); (R.J.B.d.J.); (J.A.H.)
| | - Robert J. Baatenburg de Jong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (B.v.d.S.); (R.J.B.d.J.); (J.A.H.)
| | - Leendert H. J. Looijenga
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Senada Koljenović
- Department of Pathology, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium;
| | - Jose A. Hardillo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (B.v.d.S.); (R.J.B.d.J.); (J.A.H.)
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Altered secretome by diesel exhaust particles and lipopolysaccharide in primary human nasal epithelium. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 149:2126-2138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.12.793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Grundy M, Narendran A. The hepatocyte growth factor/mesenchymal epithelial transition factor axis in high-risk pediatric solid tumors and the anti-tumor activity of targeted therapeutic agents. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:910268. [PMID: 36034555 PMCID: PMC9399617 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.910268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical trials completed in the last two decades have contributed significantly to the improved overall survival of children with cancer. In spite of these advancements, disease relapse still remains a significant cause of death in this patient population. Often, increasing the intensity of current protocols is not feasible because of cumulative toxicity and development of drug resistance. Therefore, the identification and clinical validation of novel targets in high-risk and refractory childhood malignancies are essential to develop effective new generation treatment protocols. A number of recent studies have shown that the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor Mesenchymal epithelial transition factor (c-MET) influence the growth, survival, angiogenesis, and metastasis of cancer cells. Therefore, the c-MET receptor tyrosine kinase and HGF have been identified as potential targets for cancer therapeutics and recent years have seen a race to synthesize molecules to block their expression and function. In this review we aim to summarize the literature that explores the potential and biological rationale for targeting the HGF/c-MET pathway in common and high-risk pediatric solid tumors. We also discuss selected recent and ongoing clinical trials with these agents in relapsed pediatric tumors that may provide applicable future treatments for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Grundy
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Aru Narendran
- POETIC Laboratory for Preclinical and Drug Discovery Studies, Division of Pediatric Oncology, Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Stanislovas J, Kermorgant S. c-Met-integrin cooperation: Mechanisms, tumorigenic effects, and therapeutic relevance. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:994528. [PMID: 36330337 PMCID: PMC9624249 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.994528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
c-Met is a receptor tyrosine kinase which upon activation by its ligand, the hepatocyte growth factor, mediates many important signalling pathways that regulate cellular functions such as survival, proliferation, and migration. Its oncogenic and tumorigenic signalling mechanisms, greatly contributing to cancer development and progression, are well documented. Integrins, heterogeneous adhesion receptors which facilitate cell-extracellular matrix interactions, are important in biomechanically sensitive cell adhesion and motility but also modulate diverse cell behaviour. Here we review the studies which reported cooperation between c-Met and several integrins, particularly β1 and β4, in various cell models including many tumour cell types. From the various experimental models and results analysed, we propose that c-Met-integrin cooperation occurs via inside-out or outside-in signalling. Thus, either c-Met activation triggers integrin activation and cell adhesion or integrin adhesion to its extracellular ligand triggers c-Met activation. These two modes of cooperation require the adhesive function of integrins and mostly lead to cell migration and invasion. In a third, less conventional, mode of cooperation, the integrin plays the role of a signalling adaptor for c-Met, independently from its adhesive property, leading to anchorage independent survival. Recent studies have revealed the influence of endocytic trafficking in c-Met-integrin cooperation including the adaptor function of integrin occurring on endomembranes, triggering an inside-in signalling, believed to promote survival of metastatic cells. We present the evidence of the cooperation in vivo and in human tissues and highlight its therapeutic relevance. A better understanding of the mechanisms regulating c-Met-integrin cooperation in cancer progression could lead to the design of new therapies targeting this cooperation, providing more effective therapeutic approaches than c-Met or integrin inhibitors as monotherapies used in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justas Stanislovas
- Spatial Signalling Group, John Vane Science Centre, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stéphanie Kermorgant
- Spatial Signalling Group, John Vane Science Centre, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Schmitt C, Schulz AA, Winkelmann R, Smith K, Wild PJ, Demes M. Comparison of MET gene amplification analysis by next-generation sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Oncotarget 2021; 12:2273-2282. [PMID: 34733418 PMCID: PMC8555686 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MET gene alterations are known to be involved in acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition. MET amplifications present a potential therapeutic target in non-small cell lung cancer. Although next-generation sequencing (NGS) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) are conventionally used to assess MET amplifications, there are currently no clinically defined cut-off values for NGS, with FISH still being the gold standard. A collective of 20 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded lung cancer tissue samples (mean age 64 years) were selected based on increased MET gene copy number (CNV) status or the presence of mutations detected by NGS (GeneReader, QIAGEN) and were further assessed by FISH (MET/CEN7, Zytomed). Of these, 17 tumor samples were MET-amplified and one patient was found to have a MET rearrangement by NGS, while two samples had no MET gene alteration. In contrast to the NGS result, FISH analysis showed only one highly amplified sample and 19 negative samples. The single highly amplified case detected by FISH was also positive by NGS with a fold change (FC) of 3.18 and a mean copy number (CNMV 10−100%) of 20.5. Therefore, for the assessment of MET amplifications using the QIAGEN NGS workflow, we suggest detecting amplified cases with an FC value of ≥ 3.0 and a CNMV 10−100% value of ≥ 20.0 by FISH. In summary, NGS allows for DNA- and RNA-based analysis of specific MET gene amplifications, point mutations or rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schmitt
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - Anna-Alice Schulz
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - Ria Winkelmann
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - Kevin Smith
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - Peter J Wild
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany.,Wildlab, University Hospital Frankfurt MVZ GmbH, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany.,Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Melanie Demes
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany.,Wildlab, University Hospital Frankfurt MVZ GmbH, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
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Fu J, Su X, Li Z, Deng L, Liu X, Feng X, Peng J. HGF/c-MET pathway in cancer: from molecular characterization to clinical evidence. Oncogene 2021; 40:4625-4651. [PMID: 34145400 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01863-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive landscape of HGF/c-MET (hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) /mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-MET)) signaling pathway in cancers. First, we generalize the compelling influence of HGF/c-MET pathway on multiple cellular processes. Then, we present the genomic characterization of HGF/c-MET pathway in carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we extensively illustrate the malignant biological behaviors of HGF/c-MET pathway in cancers, in which hyperactive HGF/c-MET signaling is considered as a hallmark. In addition, we investigate the current clinical trials of HGF/c-MET-targeted therapy in cancers. We find that although HGF/c-MET-targeted therapy has led to breakthroughs in certain cancers, monotherapy of targeting HGF/c-MET has failed to demonstrate significant clinical efficacy in most cancers. With the advantage of the combinations of HGF/c-MET-targeted therapy, the exploration of more options of combinational targeted therapy in cancers may be the major challenge in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjiang Fu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaorui Su
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Deng
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiawei Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuancheng Feng
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Juan Peng
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, China.
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A Phase II Study of Telisotuzumab Vedotin in Patients With c-MET-positive Stage IV or Recurrent Squamous Cell Lung Cancer (LUNG-MAP Sub-study S1400K, NCT03574753). Clin Lung Cancer 2021; 22:170-177. [PMID: 33221175 PMCID: PMC8044254 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung-MAP S1400K was designed to evaluate the response to telisotuzumab vedotin, an antibody-drug conjugate targeting c-MET, in patients with c-MET-positive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with previously treated SCC with c-MET-positive tumors (H score ≥ 150, Ventana SP44 assay) were enrolled into 2 cohorts: Cohort 1 (immune checkpoint inhibitor-naive) and Cohort 2 (immune checkpoint inhibitor refractory). Telisotuzumab vedotin 2.7 mg/kg was administered intravenously every 3 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Response assessments were performed every 6 weeks. The primary endpoint was response by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival, overall survival, response within cohort, duration of response, and toxicities. Interim analysis was planned after 20 evaluable patients, with ≥ 3 responses needed to continue enrollment. RESULTS Forty-nine patients (14% of screened patients) were assigned to S1400K, 28 patients enrolled (15 in Cohort 1 and 13 in Cohort 2), and 23 were eligible. S1400K closed on December 21, 2018 owing to lack of efficacy. Two responses (response rate of 9%; 95% confidence interval, 0%-20%) were reported in cohort 1 (1 complete and 1 unconfirmed partial response), whereas 10 patients had stable disease, with a disease control rate of 52%. The median overall and progression-free survival was 5.6 and 2.4 months, respectively. There were 3 grade 5 events (2 pneumonitis, in Cohort 2, and 1 bronchopulmonary hemorrhage, in Cohort 1). CONCLUSION Telisotuzumab vedotin failed to meet the pre-specified response needed to justify continuing enrollment to S1400K. Pneumonitis was an unanticipated toxicity observed in patients with SCC.
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State of the structure address on MET receptor activation by HGF. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:645-661. [PMID: 33860789 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The MET receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and its cognate ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) comprise a signaling axis essential for development, wound healing and tissue homeostasis. Aberrant HGF/MET signaling is a driver of many cancers and contributes to drug resistance to several approved therapeutics targeting other RTKs, making MET itself an important drug target. In RTKs, homeostatic receptor signaling is dependent on autoinhibition in the absence of ligand binding and orchestrated set of conformational changes induced by ligand-mediated receptor dimerization that result in activation of the intracellular kinase domains. A fundamental understanding of these mechanisms in the MET receptor remains incomplete, despite decades of research. This is due in part to the complex structure of the HGF ligand, which remains unknown in its full-length form, and a lack of high-resolution structures of the complete MET extracellular portion in an apo or ligand-bound state. A current view of HGF-dependent MET activation has evolved from biochemical and structural studies of HGF and MET fragments and here we review what these findings have thus far revealed.
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Klotz DM, Link T, Goeckenjan M, Wimberger P, Kuhlmann JD. The levels of soluble cMET ectodomain in the blood of patients with ovarian cancer are an independent prognostic biomarker. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:2491-2503. [PMID: 33690968 PMCID: PMC8410524 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The tyrosine kinase mesenchymal–epithelial transition (cMET) is typically overexpressed in up to 75% of patients with ovarian cancer, and cMET overexpression has been associated with poor prognosis. The proteolytic release of the soluble cMET (sMET) ectodomain by metalloproteases, a process called ectodomain shedding, reflects the malignant potential of tumour cells. sMET can be detected in the human circulation and has been proposed as biomarker in several cancers. However, the clinical relevance of sMET in ovarian cancer as blood‐based biomarker is unknown and was therefore investigated in this study. sMET levels were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in a set of 432 serum samples from 85 healthy controls and 86 patients with ovarian cancer (87% FIGO III/IV). Samples were collected at primary diagnosis, at four longitudinal follow‐up time points during the course of treatment and at disease recurrence. Although there was no significant difference between median sMET levels at primary diagnosis of ovarian cancer vs. healthy controls, increased sMET levels at primary diagnosis were an independent predictor of shorter PFS (HR = 0.354, 95% CI: 0.130–0.968, P = 0.043) and shorter OS (HR = 0.217, 95% CI: 0.064–0.734, P = 0.014). In the follow‐up samples, sMET levels were prognostically most informative after the first three cycles of chemotherapy, with high sMET levels being an independent predictor of shorter PFS (HR = 0.245, 95% CI: 0.100–0.602, P = 0.002). This is the first study to suggest that sMET levels in the blood can be used as an independent prognostic biomarker for ovarian cancer. Patients at high risk of recurrence and with poor prognosis, as identified based on sMET levels in the blood, could potentially benefit from cMET‐directed therapies or other targeted regimes, such as PARP inhibitors or immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Martin Klotz
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumour Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
| | - Theresa Link
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumour Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
| | - Maren Goeckenjan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumour Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
| | - Pauline Wimberger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumour Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan Dominik Kuhlmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumour Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
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14
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Yao HP, Tong XM, Wang MH. Oncogenic mechanism-based pharmaceutical validation of therapeutics targeting MET receptor tyrosine kinase. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2021; 13:17588359211006957. [PMID: 33868463 PMCID: PMC8020248 DOI: 10.1177/17588359211006957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression and/or activation of the MET receptor tyrosine kinase is
characterized by genomic recombination, gene amplification, activating mutation,
alternative exon-splicing, increased transcription, and their different
combinations. These dysregulations serve as oncogenic determinants contributing
to cancerous initiation, progression, malignancy, and stemness. Moreover,
integration of the MET pathway into the cellular signaling network as an
addiction mechanism for survival has made this receptor an attractive
pharmaceutical target for oncological intervention. For the last 20 years,
MET-targeting small-molecule kinase inhibitors (SMKIs), conventional therapeutic
monoclonal antibodies (TMABs), and antibody-based biotherapeutics such as
bispecific antibodies, antibody–drug conjugates (ADC), and dual-targeting ADCs
have been under intensive investigation. Outcomes from preclinical studies and
clinical trials are mixed with certain successes but also various setbacks. Due
to the complex nature of MET dysregulation with multiple facets and underlying
mechanisms, mechanism-based validation of MET-targeting therapeutics is crucial
for the selection and validation of lead candidates for clinical trials. In this
review, we discuss the importance of various types of mechanism-based
pharmaceutical models in evaluation of different types of MET-targeting
therapeutics. The advantages and disadvantages of these mechanism-based
strategies for SMKIs, conventional TMABs, and antibody-based biotherapeutics are
analyzed. The demand for establishing new strategies suitable for validating
novel biotherapeutics is also discussed. The information summarized should
provide a pharmaceutical guideline for selection and validation of MET-targeting
therapeutics for clinical application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Ping Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Min Tong
- Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Hai Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Regulation of Glycolysis in Head and Neck Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1280:219-230. [PMID: 33791985 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51652-9_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) glycolysis is an important factor for the advancement of the disease and metastasis. Upregulation of glycolysis leads to decreased sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation. HNSCC cells maintain constitutive glycolytic flux generating metabolic intermediates for the synthesis of amino acids, nucleotides, and fats for cell survival and disease progression. There are several pathways such as PI3K/Akt, EGFR, and JAK-STAT that contribute a major role in metabolic alteration in HNSCC. Recent studies have demonstrated that cancer-associated fibroblasts abundant in the HNSCC tumor microenvironment play a major role in HNSCC metabolic alteration via hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met cross signaling. Despite therapeutic advancement, HNSCC lacks broad range of therapeutic interventions for the treatment of the disease. Thus, understanding the different key players involved in glucose metabolism and targeting them would lead to the development of novel drugs for the treatment of HNSCC.
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16
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Yao HP, Tong XM, Hudson R, Wang MH. MET and RON receptor tyrosine kinases in colorectal adenocarcinoma: molecular features as drug targets and antibody-drug conjugates for therapy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:198. [PMID: 32962738 PMCID: PMC7510328 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01711-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRAC), featured by distinctive histopathological appearance, distant organ metastasis, acquired chemoresistance, and tumorigenic stemness is a group of heterogeneous cancers with unique genetic signatures and malignant phenotypes. Treatment of CRAC is a daunting task for oncologists. Currently, various strategies including molecular targeting using therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, small molecule kinase inhibitors and immunoregulatory checkpoint therapy have been applied to combat this deadly disease. However, these therapeutic modalities and approaches achieve only limited success. Thus, there is a pharmaceutical need to discover new targets and develop novel therapeutics for CRAC therapy. MET and RON receptor tyrosine kinases have been implicated in CRAC pathogenesis. Clinical studies have revealed that aberrant MET and/or RON expression and signaling are critical in regulating CRAC progression and malignant phenotypes. Increased MET and/or RON expression also has prognostic value for CRAC progression and patient survival. These features provide the rationale to target MET and RON for clinical CRAC intervention. At present, the use of small molecule kinase inhibitors targeting MET for CRAC treatment has achieved significant progress with several approvals for clinical application. Nevertheless, antibody-based biotherapeutics, although under clinical trials for more than 8 years, have made very little progress. In this review, we discuss the importance of MET and/or RON in CRAC tumorigenesis and development of anti-MET, anti-RON, and MET and RON-dual targeting antibody-drug conjugates for clinical application. The findings from both preclinical studies and clinical trials highlight the potential of this novel type of biotherapeutics for CRAC therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Ping Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiang-Min Tong
- Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Rachel Hudson
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, TX, Amarillo, USA
| | - Ming-Hai Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, TX, Amarillo, USA.
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17
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Chung CT, Yeh KC, Lee CH, Chen YY, Ho PJ, Chang KY, Chen CH, Lai YK, Chen CT. Molecular profiling of afatinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells in vivo derived from mice. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105183. [PMID: 32896579 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. NSCLC patients with overexpressed or mutated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) related to disease progression are treated with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). Acquired drug resistance after TKI treatments has been a major focus for development of NSCLC therapies. This study aimed to establish afatinib-resistant cell lines from which afatinib resistance-associated genes are identified and the underlying mechanisms of multiple-TKI resistance in NSCLC can be further investigated. Nude mice bearing subcutaneous NSCLC HCC827 tumors were administered with afatinib at different dose intensities (5-100 mg/kg). We established three HCC827 sublines resistant to afatinib (IC50 > 1 μM) with cross-resistance to gefitinib (IC50 > 5 μM). cDNA microarray revealed several of these sublines shared 27 up- and 13 down-regulated genes. The mRNA expression of selective novel genes - such as transmembrane 4 L six family member 19 (TM4SF19), suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2), and quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase (QPRT) - are responsive to afatinib treatments only at high concentrations. Furthermore, c-MET amplification and activations of a subset of tyrosine kinase receptors were observed in all three resistant cells. PHA665752, a c-MET inhibitor, remarkably increased the sensitivity of these resistant cells to afatinib (IC50 = 12-123 nM). We established afatinib-resistant lung cancer cell lines and here report genes associated with afatinib resistance in human NSCLC. These cell lines and the identified genes serve as useful investigational tools, prognostic biomarkers of TKI therapies, and promising molecule targets for development of human NSCLC therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ta Chung
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chia Yeh
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Huei Lee
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Jiun Ho
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yen Chang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Hsin Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yiu-Kay Lai
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Chiung-Tong Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.
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18
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Crizotinib inhibits activation of MET pathway caused by MET extracellular SEMA domain duplication. Lung Cancer 2020; 147:64-70. [PMID: 32673828 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aberrant MET activation, which promotes cell proliferation and tumor metastasis, occurs in many types of cancer and results from multiple mechanisms. A novel MET duplication mutation was found in a non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient. The clinical response to crizotinib was investigated and the functional relevance was characterized in cellular models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on the tumor tissue and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) of a patient with advanced NSCLC. In vitro studies including western blot, proliferation assays and colony formation assays were used to confirm the clinical observations. RESULTS The patient was identified to harbor a duplication of the MET SEMA domain. After a month of treatment, the patient showed a marked response to crizotinib, a multikinase inhibitor with potent activity against MET. Functional in vitro studies demonstrated that expression of MET SEMA duplication in NIH-3T3 cells stimulated the activation of MET signaling. Crizotinib treatment obviously repressed cell proliferation, colony formation, and MET signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Crizotinib treatment resulted in a clinical response in a patient with MET SEMA duplication. Results of cellular analyses together with the clinical data suggest that this novel alteration may represent an actionable target in NSCLC patients.
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19
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Hu CY, Xu XM, Hong B, Wu ZG, Qian Y, Weng TH, Liu YZ, Tang TM, Wang MH, Yao HP. Aberrant RON and MET Co-overexpression as Novel Prognostic Biomarkers of Shortened Patient Survival and Therapeutic Targets of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1377. [PMID: 31867280 PMCID: PMC6906148 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
RON (recepteur d'origine nantais) and MET (hepatocyte growth factor receptor) are tyrosine kinase receptors. Various cancers have aberrant RON and MET expression and activation, which contribute to cancer cell proliferation, invasiveness, and metastasis. Here, we explored RON and MET expression in pancreatic cancer and their relationship with overall survival (OS) time, and evaluated their significance as therapeutic targets of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in pancreatic cancer. We enrolled 227 patients with pancreatic cancer in the study. RON and MET expression was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. Four human pancreatic cancer cell lines expressing variable levels of RON or MET and four MET superfamily inhibitors (BMS777607, PHA665752, INCB28060, Tivantinib) were used. The effect of the four tyrosine kinase inhibitors on cell viability, migration, and apoptosis were determined using cell viability, scratch wound healing, and Caspase-Glo 3/7 assays. Cellular signaling was analyzed by immunoprecipitation and western blotting. The therapeutic efficacy of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors was determined with mouse xenograft pancreatic cancer models in vivo. There was wide aberrant RON and MET expression in the cancer tissues. In 227 pancreatic cancer samples, 33% had RON overexpression, 41% had MET overexpression, and 15.4% had RON and MET co-overexpression. RON and MET expression were highly correlated. RON and MET expression levels were significantly related to OS. Patients with RON and MET co-overexpression had poorer OS. BMS777607 and PHA665752 inhibited pancreatic cancer cell viability and migration, and promoted apoptosis by inhibiting RON and MET phosphorylation and further inhibiting the downstream signaling pathways in vitro. They also inhibited tumor growth and further inhibited phosphorylated (phosphor)-RON and phospho-MET expression in the mouse xenograft models in vivo effectively. INCB28060, which inhibits the MET signaling pathway alone, was not effective. RON and MET can be important indicators of prognosis in pancreatic cancer. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting RON and MET in pancreatic cancer are a novel and potential approach for pancreatic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yu Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis & Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,National Clinical Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Ming Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Hong
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis & Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,National Clinical Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Qian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tian-Hao Weng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis & Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,National Clinical Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Zhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis & Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,National Clinical Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao-Ming Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis & Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,National Clinical Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Hai Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis & Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,National Clinical Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Biology Research Center, Amarillo, TX, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - Hang-Ping Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis & Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,National Clinical Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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20
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Bousfiha A, Riahi Z, Elkhattabi L, Bakhchane A, Charoute H, Snoussi K, Bonnet C, Petit C, Barakat A. Further Evidence for the Implication of the MET Gene in Non-Syndromic Autosomal Recessive Deafness. Hum Hered 2019; 84:109-116. [PMID: 31801140 DOI: 10.1159/000503450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the mesenchymal epithelial transition factor (MET) gene are frequently associated with multiple human cancers but can also lead to human non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness (DFNB97). In the present study, we identified a novel homozygous missense mutation in the METgene causing a non-syndromic hearing impairment DFNB97 form. Whole-exome sequencing was performed to determine the genetic causes of hearing loss in a Moroccan consanguineous family with an affected daughter. The structural analysis of native and mutant in the SEMA domain of the MET receptor was investigated using a molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) approach. We identified a novel pathogenic homozygous c.948A>G (p.Ile316Met) mutation in the MET gene in one deaf Moroccan young girl carrying a total bilateral non-syndromic hearing impairment. The results of the MDS approach show that an Ile316Met mutation in the SEMA domain leads to protein flexibility loss. This may produce a major impact on the structural conformation of the MET receptor, which also affects the function and binding site of the receptor. This is the first time that a mutation in the MET gene is described in a Moroccan family. Moreover, this study reports the second family in the world associating deafness and mutation in the MET gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amale Bousfiha
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Génétique Humaine, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco.,Laboratoire de Physiopathologie et Génétique Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences Ben M'Sik, Université Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Zied Riahi
- INSERM UMRS1120, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France.,UPMC-Sorbonnes Universités Paris VI, Paris, France
| | - Lamiae Elkhattabi
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Génétique Humaine, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Amina Bakhchane
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Génétique Humaine, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Hicham Charoute
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Génétique Humaine, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Khalid Snoussi
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Génétique Humaine, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Crystel Bonnet
- INSERM UMRS1120, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France.,UPMC-Sorbonnes Universités Paris VI, Paris, France
| | - Christine Petit
- INSERM UMRS1120, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France.,UPMC-Sorbonnes Universités Paris VI, Paris, France.,Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Abdelhamid Barakat
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Génétique Humaine, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco,
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EGFL9 promotes breast cancer metastasis by inducing cMET activation and metabolic reprogramming. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5033. [PMID: 31695034 PMCID: PMC6834558 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13034-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms driving metastatic progression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients are poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that epidermal growth factor-like 9 (EGFL9) is significantly upregulated in basal-like breast cancer cells and associated with metastatic progression in breast tumor samples. Functionally, EGFL9 is both necessary and sufficient to enhance cancer cell migration and invasion, as well as distant metastasis. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that EGFL9 binds cMET, activating cMET-mediated downstream signaling. EGFL9 and cMET co-localize at both the cell membrane and within the mitochondria. We further identify an interaction between EGFL9 and the cytochrome c oxidase (COX) assembly factor COA3. Consequently, EGFL9 regulates COX activity and modulates cell metabolism, promoting a Warburg-like metabolic phenotype. Finally, we show that combined pharmacological inhibition of cMET and glycolysis reverses EGFL9-driven stemness. Our results identify EGFL9 as a therapeutic target for combating metastatic progression in TNBC. Triple-negative breast cancer is an aggressive form of the disease. Here, the authors identify EGFL9 as a mediator of metastasis in TNBC through interactions with cMET.
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22
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Miao W, Sakai K, Sato H, Imamura R, Jangphattananont N, Takagi J, Nishita M, Minami Y, Matsumoto K. Impaired ligand-dependent MET activation caused by an extracellular SEMA domain missense mutation in lung cancer. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:3340-3349. [PMID: 31342590 PMCID: PMC6778621 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of the MET/hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor participates in the malignant behavior of cancer cells, such as invasion‐metastasis and resistance to molecular targeted drugs. Many mutations in the MET extracellular region have been reported, but their significance is largely unknown. Here, we report the dysregulation of mutant MET originally found in a lung cancer patient with Val370 to Asp370 (V370D) replacement located in the extracellular SEMA domain. MET‐knockout cells were prepared and reconstituted with WT‐MET or V370D‐MET. HGF stimulation induced MET dimerization and biological responses in cells reconstituted with WT‐MET, but HGF did not induce MET dimerization and failed to induce biological responses in V370D‐MET cells. The V370D mutation abrogated HGF‐dependent drug resistance of lung cancer cells to epidermal growth factor receptor‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‐TKI). Compared with WT‐MET cells, V370D‐MET cells showed different activation patterns in receptor tyrosine kinases upon exposure to survival/growth‐stressed conditions. Surface plasmon resonance analysis indicated that affinity between the extracellular region of V370D‐MET and HGF was reduced compared with that for WT‐MET. Further analysis of the association between V370D‐MET and the separate domains of HGF indicated that the SP domain of HGF was unchanged, but its association with the NK4 domain of HGF was mostly lost in V370D‐MET. These results indicate that the V370D mutation in the MET receptor impairs the functional association with HGF and is therefore a loss‐of‐function mutation. This mutation may change the dependence of cancer cell growth/survival on signaling molecules, which may promote cancer cell characteristics under certain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Miao
- Division of Tumor Dynamics and Regulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Katsuya Sakai
- Division of Tumor Dynamics and Regulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sato
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Ryu Imamura
- Division of Tumor Dynamics and Regulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Nawaphat Jangphattananont
- Division of Tumor Dynamics and Regulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Junichi Takagi
- Laboratory of Protein Synthesis and Expression, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michiru Nishita
- Division of Cell Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Minami
- Division of Cell Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kunio Matsumoto
- Division of Tumor Dynamics and Regulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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23
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Shen B, Wu F, Ye J, Liang R, Wang R, Yu R, Wu X, Shao YW, Feng J. Crizotinib-resistant MET mutations in gastric cancer patients are sensitive to type II tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Future Oncol 2019; 15:2585-2593. [PMID: 31339066 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2019-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Crizotinib has been used to counter MET amplification in different human malignancies. However, transient responses were observed in some patients with rapid acquisition of resistant mutations in MET. Materials & methods: MET mutations stably expressed Ba/F3 cell lines were used for IC50 detection. Signaling pathway analysis was done using 293T cell line. Results: Four MET mutations conferred resistance to crizotinib with sustained activation of downstream signaling pathways of MET. On the other hand, the four MET mutations displayed different response to type II tyrosine kinase inhibitors with variable deterioration of the downstream signals. Conclusion: This study suggested that patients carrying MET V1092L, D1228G or Y1230H mutations could benefit from type II tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment, but not patients with G1163R or D1228Y/N mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shen
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, PR China
| | - Feixiang Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, PR China.,Guangxi Liver Cancer Diagnosis & Treatment Engineering & Technology Research Center, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Early Prevention & Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education, PR China
| | - Jiazhou Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, PR China
| | - Rong Liang
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, PR China
| | - Ruping Wang
- Department of Research & Development, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology, Inc., Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ruoying Yu
- Translational Medicine Research Institute, Geneseeq Technology, Inc., Toronto, Ontario, M5G1L7, Canada
| | - Xue Wu
- Translational Medicine Research Institute, Geneseeq Technology, Inc., Toronto, Ontario, M5G1L7, Canada
| | - Yang W Shao
- Translational Medicine Research Institute, Geneseeq Technology, Inc., Toronto, Ontario, M5G1L7, Canada
| | - Jifeng Feng
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, PR China
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24
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Phosphatase of regenerating liver sensitizes MET to functional activation by hepatocyte growth factor. Biochem J 2019; 476:1419-1431. [PMID: 31036720 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatase of regenerating liver (PRL) is overexpressed in metastatic cancers and actively drives their malignant progression. Many studies on cultured cancer cells have implied PRL overexpression as a stimulant for cellular signaling involved in cell proliferation. However, its role in the tightly adhered and polarized epithelial cells remains largely uncharacterized. In this study, we show that inducible expression of PRL in MDCK normal epithelial cells sensitized MET, the receptor for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), to functional activation by HGF. We found that PRL expression amplified tyrosine phosphorylation levels of various proteins, among which MET was identified to be the most abundant. This phosphorylation occurred selectively at Y1234/1235 in the activation loop of MET, whereas phosphorylation of Y1349 in the effector-binding site, which is directly involved in downstream signaling, was almost undetectable. Consistently, PRL overexpression by itself did not cause observable alterations at the cellular level. However, when cells were stimulated with HGF, phosphorylation of Y1349 was much more strongly induced in PRL-expressing cells than in control cells. This resulted in robust cell scattering and tubulogenesis, even with low levels of HGF. Collectively, these results demonstrate a unique role of PRL in regulating MET function, which is known to be crucial for remodeling of epithelial tissues and malignant progression of cancers.
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25
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Braun R, Ronquist S, Wangsa D, Chen H, Anthuber L, Gemoll T, Wangsa D, Koparde V, Hunn C, Habermann JK, Heselmeyer-Haddad K, Rajapakse I, Ried T. Single Chromosome Aneuploidy Induces Genome-Wide Perturbation of Nuclear Organization and Gene Expression. Neoplasia 2019; 21:401-412. [PMID: 30909073 PMCID: PMC6434407 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal aneuploidy is a defining feature of carcinomas and results in tumor-entity specific genomic imbalances. For instance, most sporadic colorectal carcinomas carry extra copies of chromosome 7, an aneuploidy that emerges already in premalignant adenomas, and is maintained throughout tumor progression and in derived cell lines. A comprehensive understanding on how chromosomal aneuploidy affects nuclear organization and gene expression, i.e., the nucleome, remains elusive. We now analyzed a cell line established from healthy colon mucosa with a normal karyotype (46,XY) and its isogenic derived cell line that acquired an extra copy of chromosome 7 as its sole anomaly (47,XY,+7). We studied structure/function relationships consequent to aneuploidization using genome-wide chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C), RNA sequencing and protein profiling. The gain of chromosome 7 resulted in an increase of transcript levels of resident genes as well as genome-wide gene and protein expression changes. The Hi-C analysis showed that the extra copy of chromosome 7 is reflected in more interchromosomal contacts between the triploid chromosomes. Chromatin organization changes are observed genome-wide, as determined by changes in A/B compartmentalization and topologically associating domain (TAD) boundaries. Most notably, chromosome 4 shows a profound loss of chromatin organization, and chromosome 14 contains a large A/B compartment switch region, concurrent with resident gene expression changes. No changes to the nuclear position of the additional chromosome 7 territory were observed when measuring distances of chromosome painting probes by interphase FISH. Genome and protein data showed enrichment in signaling pathways crucial for malignant transformation, such as the HGF/MET-axis. We conclude that a specific chromosomal aneuploidy has profound impact on nuclear structure and function, both locally and genome-wide. Our study provides a benchmark for the analysis of cancer nucleomes with complex karyotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger Braun
- Section of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Scott Ronquist
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Darawalee Wangsa
- Section of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Haiming Chen
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lena Anthuber
- Section of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Timo Gemoll
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology and Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Danny Wangsa
- Section of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vishal Koparde
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (CCBR), Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA; Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia Hunn
- Section of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jens K Habermann
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology and Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Kerstin Heselmeyer-Haddad
- Section of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Indika Rajapakse
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Thomas Ried
- Section of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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26
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Frazier NM, Brand T, Gordan JD, Grandis J, Jura N. Overexpression-mediated activation of MET in the Golgi promotes HER3/ERBB3 phosphorylation. Oncogene 2019; 38:1936-1950. [PMID: 30390071 PMCID: PMC6417953 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0537-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ligand-dependent oligomerization of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) results in their activation through highly specific conformational changes in the extracellular and intracellular receptor domains. These conformational changes are unique for each RTK subfamily, limiting cross-activation between unrelated RTKs. The proto-oncogene MET receptor tyrosine kinase overcomes these structural constraints and phosphorylates unrelated RTKs in numerous cancer cell lines. The molecular basis for these interactions is unknown. We investigated the mechanism by which MET phosphorylates the human epidermal growth factor receptor-3 (HER3 or ERBB3), a catalytically impaired RTK whose phosphorylation by MET has been described as an essential component of drug resistance to inhibitors targeting EGFR and HER2. We find that in untransformed cells, HER3 is not phosphorylated by MET in response to ligand stimulation, but rather to increasing levels of MET expression, which results in ligand-independent MET activation. Phosphorylation of HER3 by its canonical co-receptors, EGFR and HER2, is achieved by engaging an allosteric site on the HER3 kinase domain, but this site is not required when HER3 is phosphorylated by MET. We also observe that HER3 preferentially interacts with MET during its maturation along the secretory pathway, before MET is post translationally processed by cleavage within its extracellular domain. This results in accumulation of phosphorylated HER3 in the Golgi apparatus. We further show that in addition to HER3, MET phosphorylates other RTKs in the Golgi, suggesting that this mechanism is not limited to HER3 phosphorylation. These data demonstrate a link between MET overexpression and its aberrant activation in the Golgi endomembranes and suggest that non-canonical interactions between MET and other RTKs occur during maturation of receptors. Our study highlights a novel aspect of MET signaling in cancer that would not be accessible to inhibition by therapeutic antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Michael Frazier
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Toni Brand
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94113, USA
| | - John D Gordan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology - University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Jennifer Grandis
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94113, USA
| | - Natalia Jura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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27
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Li C, Morvaridi S, Lam G, Chheda C, Kamata Y, Katsumata M, Edderkaoui M, Yuan X, Nissen N, Pandol SJ, Wang Q. MSP-RON Signaling Is Activated in the Transition From Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PanIN) to Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Front Physiol 2019; 10:147. [PMID: 30863319 PMCID: PMC6399467 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the deadliest epithelial malignancies and remains difficult to treat. Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanINs) represent the majority of the pre-cancer lesions in the pancreas. The PDAC microenvironment consists of activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and immune cells, which are thought to contribute to neoplastic transformation. However, the signaling events involved in driving the transition from the neoplastic precursor to the more advanced and aggressive forms in the pancreas are not well understood. Recepteur d’Origine Nantais (RON) is a c-MET family receptor tyrosine kinase that is implicated in playing a role in cell proliferation, migration and other aspects of tumorigenesis. Macrophage stimulating protein (MSP) is the ligand for RON and becomes activated upon proteolytic cleavage by matriptase (also known as ST14), a type II transmembrane serine protease. In the current study, by immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of human pancreatic tissues, we found that the expression levels MSP and matriptase are drastically increased during the transition from the preneoplastic PanIN stages to the more advanced and aggressive PDAC. Moreover, RON is highly expressed in both PDAC and in cancer-associated stellate cells. In contrast, MSP, RON, and matriptase are expressed at low levels, if any, in normal pancreas. Our study underscores an emerging role of MSP-RON autocrine and paracrine signaling events in driving malignant progression in the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Susan Morvaridi
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Gloria Lam
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Chintan Chheda
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yoshiko Kamata
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Makoto Katsumata
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mouad Edderkaoui
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Xiaopu Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Nicholas Nissen
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Stephen J Pandol
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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28
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Ikeda S, Schwaederle M, Mohindra M, Fontes Jardim DL, Kurzrock R. MET alterations detected in blood-derived circulating tumor DNA correlate with bone metastases and poor prognosis. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:76. [PMID: 29866143 PMCID: PMC5987577 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0610-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We analyzed clinical associations of MET alterations in the plasma of patients with diverse malignancies. Methods Digital sequencing of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) (54–70 genes) was performed in 438 patients; 263 patients also had tissue sequencing (182–315 genes). The most represented tumor types were gastrointestinal (28.1%), brain (24.9%), and lung (23.2%). Most patients (71.2%) had recurrent/metastatic disease. Results MET alterations were observed in 31 patients (7.1%) and correlated with bone metastasis (P = 0.007), with TP53 (P = 0.001) and PTEN (P = 0.003) abnormalities, and with an increased number of alterations (median, 4 vs 1, P = 0.001) (all multivariable analyses). Patients with MET alterations demonstrated a significantly shorter median time to metastasis/recurrence (1.0 vs 10.4 months, P = 0.044, multivariable) and a poorer survival (30.6 vs 58.4 months, P = 0.013, univariate only). Of the 31 patients with MET alterations, 18 also had tissue testing; only two also had tissue MET alterations (11.1%); MET alterations were detected at a lower frequency in tissue (1.14%) compared to ctDNA (7.1%), with P = 0.0002. Conclusions In conclusion, the detection of MET alterations by liquid biopsy is feasible. MET ctDNA alterations were associated with a poorer prognosis, higher numbers of genomic abnormalities, and bone metastases. The correlation with bone metastases may explain the higher frequency of MET alterations in blood ctDNA than in tissue (since bones are rarely biopsied) and the previous observations of bone-predominant responses to MET inhibitors. The high number of co-altered genes suggests that MET inhibitors may need to be combined with other agents to induce/optimize responses. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13045-018-0610-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadakatsu Ikeda
- Department of Medicine, Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, #0658, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0987, USA. .,Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Maria Schwaederle
- Department of Medicine, Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, #0658, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0987, USA.
| | - Mandakini Mohindra
- Department of Medicine, Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, #0658, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0987, USA
| | | | - Razelle Kurzrock
- Department of Medicine, Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, #0658, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0987, USA.
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29
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Wang L, Liu X, Duan Y, Li X, Zhao B, Wang C, Xiao Z, Zheng P, Tang Q, Zhu W. Discovery of novel pyrrolopyrimidine/pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives bearing 1,2,3-triazole moiety as c-Met kinase inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 92:1301-1314. [PMID: 29575727 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Six series of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine and pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives bearing 1,2,3-triazole moiety were designed and synthesized, and some bio-evaluation was also carried out. As a result, four points can be summarized: Firstly, some of compounds exhibited excellent cytotoxicity activity and selectivity with the IC50 values in single-digit μm level. In particular, the most promising compound 16d showed equal activity to lead compound foretinib against A549, HepG2, and MCF-7 cell lines, with the IC50 values of 4.79 ± 0.82, 2.03 ± 0.39, and 2.90 ± 0.43 μm, respectively. Secondly, the SARs and docking studies indicated that the in vitro antitumor activity of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives bearing 1,2,3-triazole moiety was superior to the pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives bearing 1,2,3-triazole moiety. Thirdly, three selected compounds (16d, 18d, and 20d) were further evaluated for inhibitory activity against the c-Met kinase, and the 16d could inhibit the c-Met kinase selectively by experiments of enzyme-based selectivity. What is more, 16d could induce apoptosis of HepG2 cells and inhibitor the cell cycle of HepG2 on G2/M phase by acridine orange staining and cell cycle experiments, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxiao Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yongli Duan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- College of Service, Naval University of Academy of PLA, Tianjin, China
| | - Bingbing Zhao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Caolin Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhen Xiao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Pengwu Zheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qidong Tang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wufu Zhu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
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30
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3D Co-Culture with Vascular Cells Supports Long-Term Hepatocyte Phenotype and Function In Vitro. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-018-0046-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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31
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Discovery of thinopyrimidine-triazole conjugates as c-Met targeting and apoptosis inducing agents. Bioorg Chem 2018; 77:370-380. [PMID: 29421713 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Five series of N-methylpicolinamide moiety and thienopyrimidine moiety bearing triazole (21-26, 27-34, 35-41, 42-47 and 48-54) were designed and synthesized. And all the target compounds were evaluated for the IC50 values against three cancer cell lines (A549, HepG2 and MCF-7) and some selected compounds (43, 49 and 52) were further evaluated for the activity against c-Met, Flt-3, VEGFR-2, c-Kit and EGFR kinases. Moreover, SARs and docking studies indicated that thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine bearing triazole moiety was privileged structure for the activity. Especially, the Cl atom on the 4-C position of aryl group showed the best activity. The most promising compound 49 showed 3.7-5.4-fold more activity than the lead drug Foretinib against A549, HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines, with the IC50 values of 0.9 ± 0.1 µM, 0.5 ± 0.1 µM and 1.1 ± 0.2 µM, respectively. And The experiments of enzyme-based showed that 49 inhibitor the c-Met selectively, with the IC50 values of 16 nM, which showed equal activity to Foretinib (14 nM). What's more, According to the result of AO single staining and Annexin V/PI staining, it's claimed that the 49 could induce late apoptosis of HepG2 cells and by a concentration-dependent manner.
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32
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Activated HGF-c-Met Axis in Head and Neck Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9120169. [PMID: 29231907 PMCID: PMC5742817 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9120169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a highly morbid disease. Recent developments including Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved molecular targeted agent’s pembrolizumab and cetuximab show promise but did not improve the five-year survival which is currently less than 40%. The hepatocyte growth factor receptor; also known as mesenchymal–epithelial transition factor (c-Met) and its ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) are overexpressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC); and regulates tumor progression and response to therapy. The c-Met pathway has been shown to regulate many cellular processes such as cell proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis. The c-Met pathway is involved in cross-talk, activation, and perpetuation of other signaling pathways, curbing the cogency of a blockade molecule on a single pathway. The receptor and its ligand act on several downstream effectors including phospholipase C gamma (PLCγ), cellular Src kinase (c-Src), phosphotidylinsitol-3-OH kinase (PI3K) alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (Akt), mitogen activate protein kinase (MAPK), and wingless-related integration site (Wnt) pathways. They are also known to cross-talk with other receptors; namely epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and specifically contribute to treatment resistance. Clinical trials targeting the c-Met axis in HNSCC have been undertaken because of significant preclinical work demonstrating a relationship between HGF/c-Met signaling and cancer cell survival. Here we focus on HGF/c-Met impact on cellular signaling in HNSCC to potentiate tumor growth and disrupt therapeutic efficacy. Herein we summarize the current understanding of HGF/c-Met signaling and its effects on HNSCC. The intertwining of c-Met signaling with other signaling pathways provides opportunities for more robust and specific therapies, leading to better clinical outcomes.
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33
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Boromand N, Hasanzadeh M, ShahidSales S, Farazestanian M, Gharib M, Fiuji H, Behboodi N, Ghobadi N, Hassanian SM, Ferns GA, Avan A. Clinical and prognostic value of the C-Met/HGF signaling pathway in cervical cancer. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:4490-4496. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Boromand
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Malihe Hasanzadeh
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Woman Health Research Center; Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | | | - Marjaneh Farazestanian
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Woman Health Research Center; Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Masoumeh Gharib
- Department of Pathology; Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Hamid Fiuji
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Negin Behboodi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Niloofar Ghobadi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Gordon A. Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School; Division of Medical Education, Falmer; Brighton Sussex UK
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies; Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
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34
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Lam BQ, Dai L, Li L, Qiao J, Lin Z, Qin Z. Molecular mechanisms of activating c-MET in KSHV+ primary effusion lymphoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:18373-18380. [PMID: 28407694 PMCID: PMC5392335 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic Kaposi's sarcoma–associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a principal causative agent of primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), which is mostly seen in immunosuppressed patients. PEL is a rapidly progressing malignancy with a median survival time of approximately 6 months even under the conventional chemotherapy. We recently report that the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-MET pathway is highly activated in PEL cells and represents a promising therapeutic target (Blood. 2015;126(26):2821-31). However, the underlying mechanisms of c-MET activation within PEL cells remain largely unknown. To solve this puzzle, here we have utilized the next generation sequencing (NGS) based bioinformatics approach to investigate the genomic landscape of the c-MET gene and we found that there's no single nucleotide variations (SNVs) occurred in the c-MET genomic regions in a cohort of PEL samples. Consistently, Sanger sequencing analysis of frequently mutated exons such as exon 10, 14 and 19 shows no mutation of these c-MET exons in PEL cell-lines, which further supports the notion that mutations are not the major mechanism responsible for c-MET activation in PEL. Further, we found that a transmembrane receptor protein, Plexin-B1, is expressed in PEL cell-lines, which is required for c-MET-mediated PEL cell survival via direct protein interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Quoc Lam
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,Louisiana Cancer Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Lu Dai
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,Louisiana Cancer Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Li Li
- Louisiana Cancer Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jing Qiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Zhen Lin
- Department of Pathology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, Tulane Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Qin
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,Louisiana Cancer Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
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35
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Xu C, Wang W, Wu M, Zhu Y, Zhuang W, Lin G, Du K, Huang Y, Chen Y, Chen G, Fang M. Comparison of the c-MET gene amplification between primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes in non-small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer 2017; 8:417-422. [PMID: 28590585 PMCID: PMC5582467 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND c-MET has recently been identified as a promising novel target in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We detected the consistency of c-MET gene amplification in metastatic lymph nodes and tumor tissues of NSCLC patients and discuss the clinical application value of c-MET gene amplification in metastatic lymph nodes. METHODS Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to test tumor tissues in 368 NSCLC patients and 178 paired metastatic lymph node samples. The amplification consistency in metastatic lymph nodes and tissue samples were compared and the correlation between c-MET gene amplification and the clinical characteristics of patients was analyzed. RESULTS The c-MET gene amplification rate was 8.97% (33/368) in tumor tissues. Of the 178 paired cases, c-MET gene amplification was positive in 7.95% (15/178) of cancerous tissues and 18.54% (33/178) of metastatic lymph nodes. c-MET gene amplification was detected more frequently in metastatic lymph nodes than in primary cancerous tissue. When metastatic lymph nodes were used as surrogate samples of primary cancerous tissues, the sensitivity was 86.67% (13/15) and the specificity was 87.69% (143/163). CONCLUSIONS Screening for c-MET gene amplification in lymph node metastases could determine which patients are eligible for tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Lymph node metastasis can predict c-MET gene amplification in a primary tumor and guide the clinical use of c-MET gene targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐wei Xu
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Cancer HospitalFujian Medical University Cancer HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Wen‐xian Wang
- Department of ChemotherapyZhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhouChina
| | - Mei‐juan Wu
- Department of PathologyZhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhouChina
| | - You‐cai Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Disease CenterZhejiang Rongjun HospitalJiaxingChina
| | - Wu Zhuang
- Department of Medical Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer HospitalFujian Medical University Cancer HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Gen Lin
- Department of Medical Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer HospitalFujian Medical University Cancer HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Kai‐qi Du
- Department of Thoracic Disease CenterZhejiang Rongjun HospitalJiaxingChina
| | - Yun‐jian Huang
- Department of Medical Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer HospitalFujian Medical University Cancer HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Yan‐ping Chen
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Cancer HospitalFujian Medical University Cancer HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Cancer HospitalFujian Medical University Cancer HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Mei‐yu Fang
- Department of Comprehensive Medical OncologyZhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhouChina
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36
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DiCara DM, Chirgadze DY, Pope AR, Karatt-Vellatt A, Winter A, Slavny P, van den Heuvel J, Parthiban K, Holland J, Packman LC, Mavria G, Hoffmann J, Birchmeier W, Gherardi E, McCafferty J. Characterization and structural determination of a new anti-MET function-blocking antibody with binding epitope distinct from the ligand binding domain. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9000. [PMID: 28827556 PMCID: PMC5567289 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09460-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth and motility factor Hepatocyte Growth Factor/Scatter Factor (HGF/SF) and its receptor, the product of the MET proto-oncogene, promote invasion and metastasis of tumor cells and have been considered potential targets for cancer therapy. We generated a new Met-blocking antibody which binds outside the ligand-binding site, and determined the crystal structure of the Fab in complex with its target, which identifies the binding site as the Met Ig1 domain. The antibody, 107_A07, inhibited HGF/SF-induced cell migration and proliferation in vitro and inhibited growth of tumor xenografts in vivo. In biochemical assays, 107_A07 competes with both HGF/SF and its truncated splice variant NK1 for MET binding, despite the location of the antibody epitope on a domain (Ig1) not reported to bind NK1 or HGF/SF. Overlay of the Fab-MET crystal structure with the InternalinB-MET crystal structure shows that the 107_A07 Fab comes into close proximity with the HGF/SF-binding SEMA domain when MET is in the “compact”, InternalinB-bound conformation, but not when MET is in the “open” conformation. These findings provide further support for the importance of the “compact” conformation of the MET extracellular domain, and the relevance of this conformation to HGF/SF binding and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M DiCara
- MRC Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QH, UK.,Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK.,Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, 94080, USA
| | - Dimitri Y Chirgadze
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Anthony R Pope
- IONTAS Ltd, Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridgeshire, CB22 3AT, UK
| | | | - Anja Winter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK.,Faculty of Natural Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Peter Slavny
- IONTAS Ltd, Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridgeshire, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Joop van den Heuvel
- Helmholtz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kothai Parthiban
- IONTAS Ltd, Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridgeshire, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Jane Holland
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Len C Packman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Georgia Mavria
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, St James' University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Jens Hoffmann
- Experimental Pharmacology & Oncology Berlin-Buch GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Walter Birchmeier
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ermanno Gherardi
- MRC Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QH, UK. .,Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK. .,Division of Immunology and General Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, 1 via A Ferrata, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - John McCafferty
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK. .,IONTAS Ltd, Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridgeshire, CB22 3AT, UK.
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37
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Han DH, Kang CM, Lee SW, Hwang HK, Lee WJ. A missing link between RON expression and oncological outcomes in resected left-sided pancreatic cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4225-4230. [PMID: 28943931 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alteration and activation of recepteur d'origine nantais (RON) expression is known to be associated with cancer progression and decreased survival in various types of human cancer, including pancreatic cancer. Therefore, in the present study, RON expression levels were determined in resected left-sided pancreatic cancer to evaluate the potential oncological role of RON in the clinical setting of distal pancreatic cancer. From January 2005 to December 2011, a total of 57 patients underwent radical distal pancreatectomy for left-sided pancreatic cancer. Ductal adenocarcinoma was confirmed in all patients. Among these patients, 17 patients who received preoperative neoadjuvant treatment and 7 patients without available paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were excluded from the present study. RON expression in a the pancreatic cancer cell lines ASPC-1, BxPC-3, MiaPaCa-3 and Panc-1, as well as in resected left-sided pancreatic cancer specimens was determined by Western blot analysis. RON and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) overexpression in resected left-sided pancreatic cancer was also evaluated by immunohistochemistry using pre-diluted anti-RON and anti-VEGF antibodies. An association was identified between the oncological outcome and RON overexpression. Increased levels of RON expression were observed in two pancreatic cancer cell lines, AsPC-1 and BxPC-3. RON overexpression was detected in specimens from 15/33 patients (45.5%) using immunohistochemistry. No significant association was identified between RON overexpression and VEGF overexpression (25.5 vs. 87.9%; P=0.667). No significant differences in disease-free survival or disease-specific survival associated with RON overexpression were identified. Although the results of previous studies have suggested that RON is a potential target for the treatment of pancreatic cancer, in the present study no association between RON overexpression and any adverse oncological effect was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Hoon Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Pancreaticobiliary Cancer Clinic, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Moo Kang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Pancreaticobiliary Cancer Clinic, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Whan Lee
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Pancreaticobiliary Cancer Clinic, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Kyoung Hwang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Pancreaticobiliary Cancer Clinic, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Lee
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Pancreaticobiliary Cancer Clinic, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
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38
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Pal K, Bandyopadhyay A, Zhou XE, Xu Q, Marciano DP, Brunzelle JS, Yerrum S, Griffin PR, Vande Woude G, Melcher K, Xu HE. Structural Basis of TPR-Mediated Oligomerization and Activation of Oncogenic Fusion Kinases. Structure 2017; 25:867-877.e3. [PMID: 28528776 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear pore complex subunit TPR is found in at least five different oncogenic fusion kinases, including TPR-MET, yet how TPR fusions promote activation of kinases and their oncogenic activities remains poorly understood. Here we report the crystal structure of TPR(2-142), the MET fusion partner of oncogenic TPR-MET. TPR(2-142) contains a continuous 124-residue α helix that forms an antiparallel tetramer from two leucine zipper-containing parallel coiled coils. Remarkably, single mutations cause strikingly different conformations of the coiled coil, indicating its highly dynamic nature. We further show that fusion of TPR(2-142) to the MET intracellular domain strongly and selectively stabilizes the αG helix of the MET kinase domain, and mutations of only the TPR leucine zipper residues at the junction to MET, but not other leucine zipper residues, abolish kinase activation. Together, these results provide critical insight into the TPR structure and its ability to induce dimerization and activation of fusion kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuntal Pal
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Abhishek Bandyopadhyay
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - X Edward Zhou
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Qingping Xu
- GMCA at Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - David P Marciano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Joseph S Brunzelle
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Biological Chemistry, Life Sciences Collaborative Access Team, Synchrotron Research Center, Northwestern University, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Smitha Yerrum
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Patrick R Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - George Vande Woude
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Karsten Melcher
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA.
| | - H Eric Xu
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; VARI-SIMM Center for Structure and Function of Drug Targets and the CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
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39
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Matsumoto K, Umitsu M, De Silva DM, Roy A, Bottaro DP. Hepatocyte growth factor/MET in cancer progression and biomarker discovery. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:296-307. [PMID: 28064454 PMCID: PMC5378267 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling driven by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and MET receptor facilitates conspicuous biological responses such as epithelial cell migration, 3‐D morphogenesis, and survival. The dynamic migration and promotion of cell survival induced by MET activation are bases for invasion–metastasis and resistance, respectively, against targeted drugs in cancers. Recent studies indicated that MET in tumor‐derived exosomes facilitates metastatic niche formation and metastasis in malignant melanoma. In lung cancer, gene amplification‐induced MET activation and ligand‐dependent MET activation in an autocrine/paracrine manner are causes for resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors and anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors. Hepatocyte growth factor secreted in the tumor microenvironment contributes to the innate and acquired resistance to RAF inhibitors. Changes in serum/plasma HGF, soluble MET (sMET), and phospho‐MET have been confirmed to be associated with disease progression, metastasis, therapy response, and survival. Higher serum/plasma HGF levels are associated with therapy resistance and/or metastasis, while lower HGF levels are associated with progression‐free survival and overall survival after treatment with targeted drugs in lung cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, and malignant melanoma. Urinary sMET levels in patients with bladder cancer are higher than those in patients without bladder cancer and associated with disease progression. Some of the multi‐kinase inhibitors that target MET have received regulatory approval, whereas none of the selective HGF‐MET inhibitors have shown efficacy in phase III clinical trials. Validation of the HGF‐MET pathway as a critical driver in cancer development/progression and utilization of appropriate biomarkers are key to development and approval of HGF‐MET inhibitors for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunio Matsumoto
- Division of Tumor Dynamics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masataka Umitsu
- Laboratory of Protein Synthesis and Expression, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Dinuka M De Silva
- Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Arpita Roy
- Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Donald P Bottaro
- Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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40
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Rothenberger NJ, Stabile LP. Hepatocyte Growth Factor/c-Met Signaling in Head and Neck Cancer and Implications for Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9040039. [PMID: 28441771 PMCID: PMC5406714 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9040039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant signaling of the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met pathway has been identified as a promoter of tumorigenesis in several tumor types including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Despite a relatively low c-Met mutation frequency, overexpression of HGF and its receptor c-Met has been observed in more than 80% of HNSCC tumors, with preclinical and clinical studies linking overexpression with cellular proliferation, invasion, migration, and poor prognosis. c-Met is activated by HGF through a paracrine mechanism to promote cellular morphogenesis enabling cells to acquire mesenchymal phenotypes in part through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, contributing to metastasis. The HGF/c-Met pathway may also act as a resistance mechanism against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition in advanced HNSCC. Furthermore, with the identification of a biologically distinct subset of HNSCC tumors acquired from human papillomavirus (HPV) infection that generally portends a good prognosis, high expression of HGF or c-Met in HPV-negative tumors has been associated with worse prognosis. Dysregulated HGF/c-Met signaling results in an aggressive HNSCC phenotype which has led to clinical investigations for targeted inhibition of this pathway. In this review, HGF/c-Met signaling, pathway alterations, associations with clinical outcomes, and preclinical and clinical therapeutic strategies for targeting HGF/c-Met signaling in HNSCC are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J Rothenberger
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Laura P Stabile
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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41
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Yin B, Liu Z, Wang Y, Wang X, Liu W, Yu P, Duan X, Liu C, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Pan X, Yao H, Liao Z, Tao Z. RON and c-Met facilitate metastasis through the ERK signaling pathway in prostate cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:3209-3218. [PMID: 28440432 PMCID: PMC5442400 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a metastatic malignant cancer driven by complex pathological mechanisms and characterized by poor long-term prognosis. Metastasis is the main cause of death of PCa patients, yet the molecular mechanisms of this process are poorly understood. In the present study, positive co-expression of RON and c-Met was observed in human clinical PCa tissues (biopsy material), as detected by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative real-time PCR. We investigated this further in PCa cells, demonstrating that the inhibition of RON and c-Met with foretinib (GSK1363089) suppressed metastasis and promoted the reversal of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in PCa cells. Furthermore, the invasion and migration of PCa cells were enhanced by the exogenous activation of RON with MSP and c-Met with HGF, whereas silencing of RON and c-Met attenuated the invasion and metastasis of the PCa cells. Our data also demonstrated that HGF/c-Met, but not the MSP-RON signaling pathway may be the dominant mechanism for PCa EMT. We further revealed that RON and c-Met facilitate metastasis via ERK1/2 signaling. These findings indicate that RON and c-Met facilitate metastasis through ERK1/2 signaling and that targeting RON and c-Met with foretinib may be an attractive therapeutic option for suppressing PCa metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Yin
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Zhenping Liu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yiyun Wang
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xuchu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Pan Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiuzhi Duan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Chunhua Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yuhua Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yurong Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Hangping Yao
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoping Liao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Tao
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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42
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Bahrami A, Shahidsales S, Khazaei M, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Maftouh M, Hassanian SM, Avan A. C-Met as a potential target for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer: Current status and future perspectives. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2657-2673. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Afsane Bahrami
- Molecular Medicine Group, Department of Modern Sciences and Technology; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Student Research Center, Faculty of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Soodabeh Shahidsales
- Cancer Research Center; School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Neurogenic Inflammatory Research Center and Department of Physiology; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Metabolic syndrome Research Center; School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Mina Maftouh
- Metabolic syndrome Research Center; School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Metabolic syndrome Research Center; School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Department of Medical Biochemistry; School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic syndrome Research Center; School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
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43
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Szturz P, Raymond E, Abitbol C, Albert S, de Gramont A, Faivre S. Understanding c-MET signalling in squamous cell carcinoma of the head & neck. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 111:39-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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44
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Imamura R, Matsumoto K. Hepatocyte growth factor in physiology and infectious diseases. Cytokine 2017; 98:97-106. [PMID: 28094206 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a pleiotropic cytokine composed of an α-chain and a β-chain, and these chains contain four kringle domains and a serine protease-like structure, respectively. The receptor for HGF was identified as the c-met proto-oncogene product of transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase. HGF-induced signaling through the receptor Met provokes dynamic biological responses that support morphogenesis, regeneration, and the survival of various cells and tissues, which includes hepatocytes, renal tubular cells, and neurons. Characterization of tissue-specific Met knockout mice has further indicated that the HGF-Met system modulates immune cell functions and also plays an inhibitory role in the progression of chronic inflammation and fibrosis. However, the biological actions that are driven by the HGF-Met pathway all play a role in the acquisition of the malignant characteristics in tumor cells, such as invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance in the tumor microenvironment. Even though oncogenic Met signaling remains the major research focus, the HGF-Met axis has also been implicated in infectious diseases. Many pathogens try to utilize host HGF-Met system to establish comfortable environment for infection. Their strategies are not only simply change the expression level of HGF or Met, but also actively hijack HGF-Met system and deregulating Met signaling using their pathogenic factors. Consequently, the monitoring of HGF and Met expression, along with real-time detection of Met activation, can be a beneficial biomarker of these infectious diseases. Preclinical studies designed to address the therapeutic significance of HGF have been performed on injury/disease models, including acute tissue injury, chronic fibrosis, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Likewise, manipulating the HGF-Met system with complete control will lead to a tailor made treatment for those infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryu Imamura
- Division of Tumor Dynamics and Regulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kunio Matsumoto
- Division of Tumor Dynamics and Regulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
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Jeon HM, Lee J. MET: roles in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stemness. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2017; 5:5. [PMID: 28164090 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2016.12.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In a number of cancers, deregulated MET pathway leads to aberrantly activated proliferative and invasive signaling programs that promote malignant transformation, cell motility and migration, angiogenesis, survival in hypoxia, and invasion. A better understanding of oncogenic MET signaling will help us to discover effective therapeutic approaches and to identify which tumors are likely to respond to MET-targeted cancer therapy. In this review, we will summarize the roles of MET signaling in cancer, with particular focus on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stemness. Then, we will provide update on MET targeting agents and discuss the challenges that should be overcome for the development of an effective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Min Jeon
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Jeongwu Lee
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Lam BQ, Dai L, Qin Z. The role of HGF/c-MET signaling pathway in lymphoma. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:135. [PMID: 27923392 PMCID: PMC5141645 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0366-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inappropriate activation of c-mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), has been implicated in tumorigenesis and represented a promising therapeutic target for developing anticancer agents. In contrast to other solid tumors, there are limited data describing the functional role of HGF/c-MET signaling pathway in lymphoma. In the current review, we summarize recent findings about the expression, cellular mechanisms/functions, and therapeutic application of HGF/c-MET in different types of lymphoma, especially B cell lymphoma, T and NK cell lymphoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma. We also discuss the existing problems and future directions about studying the HGF/c-MET pathway in lymphoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Quoc Lam
- Departments of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, Suite 902, 1700 Tulane Ave., New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Lu Dai
- Departments of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, Suite 902, 1700 Tulane Ave., New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.,Department of Oncology, Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Zhiqiang Qin
- Departments of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, Suite 902, 1700 Tulane Ave., New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA. .,Department of Oncology, Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
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Wu W, Wang Q, Yin F, Yang Z, Zhang W, Gabra H, Li L. Identification of proteomic and metabolic signatures associated with chemoresistance of human epithelial ovarian cancer. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:1651-65. [PMID: 27511453 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging drug resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) thwarted progress in platinum‑based chemotherapy, resulting in increased mortality, morbidity and healthcare costs. The aim of this study was to detect the responses induced by chemotherapy at protein and metabolite levels, and to search for new plasma markers that can predict resistance to platinum‑based chemotherapy in EOC patients, leading to improved clinical response rates. Serum samples were collected and subjected to proteomic relative quantitation analysis and metabolomic analysis. Differentially expressed proteins and metabolites were subjected to bioinformatics and statistical analysis. Proteins that played a key role in platinum resistance were validated by western blotting and enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Metabolites that were the main contributors to the groups and closely with clinical characteristics were identified based on the database using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). In total, 248 proteins from two independent experiments were identified using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)‑based quantitative proteomic approach. Among them, FN1, SERPINA1, GPX3 and ORM1 were chosen for western blotting and ELISA validation. Platinum resistance likely associated with differentially expressed proteins and FN1, SERPINA1 and ORM1 may play a positive role in chemotherapy. HPLC‑MS analysis of four groups revealed a total of 25,800 metabolic features, of which six compounds were chosen for candidate biomarkers and identified based on the database using NMR. The metabolic signatures of normal control (NC), platinum‑sensitive (PTS) and platinum‑resistant (PTR) groups were clearly separated from each other. Those findings may provide theoretical clues for the prediction of chemotherapeutic response and reverse of drug resistance, even lead to novel targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of High‑Incidence Tumor Prevention and Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Fuqiang Yin
- Key Laboratory of High‑Incidence Tumor Prevention and Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Zhijun Yang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High‑Incidence Tumor Prevention and Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Hani Gabra
- Section of Molecular Therapeutics, Department of Cancer Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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Hartmann S, Bhola NE, Grandis JR. HGF/Met Signaling in Head and Neck Cancer: Impact on the Tumor Microenvironment. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:4005-13. [PMID: 27370607 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-0951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Studies to date have revealed several major molecular alterations that contribute to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) initiation, progression, metastatic spread, and therapeutic failure. The EGFR is the only FDA-approved therapeutic target, yet responses to cetuximab have been limited. Activation and cross-talk of cellular receptors and consequent activation of different signaling pathways contribute to limited activity of blockade of a single pathway. The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor, Met, has been implicated in HNSCC tumorigenesis and EGFR inhibitor resistance. HGF, the sole ligand of Met, is overexpressed in the tumor microenvironment. The role of HGF/Met signaling in proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis has been investigated in HNSCC, leading to clinical trials with various Met inhibitors and HGF antibodies. However, the role of the HGF/Met signaling axis in mediating the tumor microenvironment has been relatively understudied in HNSCC. In this review, we discuss the functional roles of Met and HGF in HNSCC with a focus on the tumor microenvironment and the immune system. Clin Cancer Res; 22(16); 4005-13. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hartmann
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Neil E Bhola
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Jennifer R Grandis
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
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Libetta C, Esposito P, Martinelli C, Grosjean F, Gregorini M, Rampino T, Dal Canton A. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and hemodialysis: physiopathology and clinical implications. Clin Exp Nephrol 2016; 20:371-8. [PMID: 26676905 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-015-1211-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a pleiotropic cytokine which exerts a variety of effects on several cells, being involved in the regulation of many biological processes, such as inflammation, tissue repair, morphogenesis, angiogenesis, tumour propagation, immunomodulation of viral infections and cardio-metabolic activities. Patients undergoing regular hemodialysis (HD) present elevated levels of HGF, mainly due to the leukocyte activation associated with HD treatment. High HGF levels might account for specific clinical features of HD patients, i.e. mild liver damage in course of HCV-infection and high cardiovascular risk profile. Moreover, in patients with acute kidney injury, the induction of HGF may represent a crucial step to promote renal recovery, which can have important prognostic consequences in the short and long-term. In this review we discuss the mechanisms underlying HGF production in HD patients, the role of HGF in this particular patient population and the potential clinical implications derived from the study of HGF in HD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Libetta
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pasquale Esposito
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Claudia Martinelli
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Grosjean
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marilena Gregorini
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Teresa Rampino
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Dal Canton
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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Ilangumaran S, Villalobos-Hernandez A, Bobbala D, Ramanathan S. The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)–MET receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathway: Diverse roles in modulating immune cell functions. Cytokine 2016; 82:125-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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