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Qi J, Li P, Yan Y, Li G, Kong L. Development of a detection chip for major pathogenic drug-resistant genes and drug targets in bovine respiratory system diseases. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220778. [PMID: 38585641 PMCID: PMC10997054 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a significant veterinary challenge, often exacerbated by pathogen resistance, hindering effective treatment. Traditional testing methods for primary pathogens - Mycoplasma bovis, Pasteurella multocida, and Mannheimia haemolytica - are notably time-consuming and lack the rapidity required for effective clinical decision-making. This study introduces a TaqMan MGB probe detection chip, utilizing fluorescent quantitative PCR, targeting key BRD pathogens and associated drug-resistant genes and sites. We developed 94 specific probes and primers, embedded into a detection chip, demonstrating notable specificity, repeatability, and sensitivity, reducing testing time to under 1 h. Additionally, we formulated probes to detect mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region, associated with fluoroquinolone resistance in BRD pathogens. The chip exhibited robust sensitivity and specificity, enabling rapid detection of drug-resistant mutations in clinical samples. This methodology significantly expedites the diagnostic process for BRD and sensitive drug screening, presenting a practical advancement in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Penghui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yasong Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Gongmei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Lingcong Kong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Fukuda K, Miura Y, Maeda T, Hayashi S, Kikuchi K, Takashima Y, Matsumoto T, Kuroda R. LIGHT regulated gene expression in rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:356. [PMID: 38401037 PMCID: PMC10894125 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09311-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synovial hyperplasia caused by rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune inflammatory disease, leads to the destruction of the articular cartilage and bone. A member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily, Lymphotoxin-related inducible ligand that competes for glycoprotein D binding to herpes virus entry mediator on T cells (LIGHT) has been shown to correlate with the pathogenesis of RA. METHODS We used cDNA microarray analysis to compare the expression of genes in rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes with and without LIGHT stimulation. RESULTS Significant changes in gene expression (P-values < 0.05 and fold change ≥ 2.0) were associated mainly with biological function categories of glycoprotein, glycosylation site as N-linked, plasma membrane part, integral to plasma membrane, intrinsic to plasma membrane, signal, plasma membrane, signal peptide, alternative splicing, and topological domain as extracellular. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that LIGHT may regulate the expression in RA-FLS of genes which are important in the differentiation of several cell types and in cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Fukuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yasushi Miura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan.
- Division of Orthopedic Science, Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma, Kobe, Hyogo, 654-0142, Japan.
| | - Toshihisa Maeda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kikuchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Takashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
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Barta N, Ördög N, Pantazi V, Berzsenyi I, Borsos BN, Majoros H, Páhi ZG, Ujfaludi Z, Pankotai T. Identifying Suitable Reference Gene Candidates for Quantification of DNA Damage-Induced Cellular Responses in Human U2OS Cell Culture System. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1523. [PMID: 37892205 PMCID: PMC10605043 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA repair pathways trigger robust downstream responses, making it challenging to select suitable reference genes for comparative studies. In this study, our goal was to identify the most suitable housekeeping genes to perform comparable molecular analyses for DNA damage-related studies. Choosing the most applicable reference genes is important in any kind of target gene expression-related quantitative study, since using the housekeeping genes improperly may result in false data interpretation and inaccurate conclusions. We evaluated the expressional changes of eight well-known housekeeping genes (i.e., 18S rRNA, B2M, eEF1α1, GAPDH, GUSB, HPRT1, PPIA, and TBP) following treatment with the DNA-damaging agents that are most frequently used: ultraviolet B (UVB) non-ionizing irradiation, neocarzinostatin (NCS), and actinomycin D (ActD). To reveal the significant changes in the expression of each gene and to determine which appear to be the most acceptable ones for normalization of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) data, comparative and statistical algorithms (such as absolute quantification, Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test, and independent samples T-test) were conducted. Our findings clearly demonstrate that the genes commonly employed as reference candidates exhibit substantial expression variability, and therefore, careful consideration must be taken when designing the experimental setup for an accurate and reproducible normalization of RT-qPCR data. We used the U2OS cell line since it is generally accepted and used in the field of DNA repair to study DNA damage-induced cellular responses. Based on our current data in U2OS cells, we suggest using 18S rRNA, eEF1α1, GAPDH, GUSB, and HPRT1 genes for UVB-induced DNA damage-related studies. B2M, HPRT1, and TBP genes are recommended for NCS treatment, while 18S rRNA, B2M, and PPIA genes can be used as suitable internal controls in RT-qPCR experiments for ActD treatment. In summary, this is the first systematic study using a U2OS cell culture system that offers convincing evidence for housekeeping gene selection following treatment with various DNA-damaging agents. Here, we unravel an indispensable issue for performing and assessing trustworthy DNA damage-related differential gene expressional analyses, and we create a "zero set" of potential reference gene candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolett Barta
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Állomás utca 1, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (N.B.); (N.Ö.); (V.P.); (I.B.); (B.N.B.); (H.M.); (Z.G.P.)
- Competence Centre of the Life Sciences Cluster of the Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nóra Ördög
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Állomás utca 1, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (N.B.); (N.Ö.); (V.P.); (I.B.); (B.N.B.); (H.M.); (Z.G.P.)
| | - Vasiliki Pantazi
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Állomás utca 1, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (N.B.); (N.Ö.); (V.P.); (I.B.); (B.N.B.); (H.M.); (Z.G.P.)
- Competence Centre of the Life Sciences Cluster of the Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ivett Berzsenyi
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Állomás utca 1, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (N.B.); (N.Ö.); (V.P.); (I.B.); (B.N.B.); (H.M.); (Z.G.P.)
- Competence Centre of the Life Sciences Cluster of the Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Barbara N. Borsos
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Állomás utca 1, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (N.B.); (N.Ö.); (V.P.); (I.B.); (B.N.B.); (H.M.); (Z.G.P.)
| | - Hajnalka Majoros
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Állomás utca 1, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (N.B.); (N.Ö.); (V.P.); (I.B.); (B.N.B.); (H.M.); (Z.G.P.)
- Competence Centre of the Life Sciences Cluster of the Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán G. Páhi
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Állomás utca 1, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (N.B.); (N.Ö.); (V.P.); (I.B.); (B.N.B.); (H.M.); (Z.G.P.)
- Competence Centre of the Life Sciences Cluster of the Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Genome Integrity and DNA Repair Core Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), University of Szeged, Budapesti út 9, H-6728 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Ujfaludi
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Állomás utca 1, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (N.B.); (N.Ö.); (V.P.); (I.B.); (B.N.B.); (H.M.); (Z.G.P.)
- Competence Centre of the Life Sciences Cluster of the Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tibor Pankotai
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Állomás utca 1, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (N.B.); (N.Ö.); (V.P.); (I.B.); (B.N.B.); (H.M.); (Z.G.P.)
- Competence Centre of the Life Sciences Cluster of the Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Genome Integrity and DNA Repair Core Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), University of Szeged, Budapesti út 9, H-6728 Szeged, Hungary
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Huang L, Bichsel C, Norris A, Thorpe J, Pevsner J, Alexandrescu S, Pinto A, Zurakowski D, Kleiman RJ, Sahin M, Greene AK, Bischoff J. Endothelial GNAQ p.R183Q Increases ANGPT2 (Angiopoietin-2) and Drives Formation of Enlarged Blood Vessels. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:e27-e43. [PMID: 34670408 PMCID: PMC8702487 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Capillary malformation (CM) occurs sporadically and is associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome. The somatic mosaic mutation in GNAQ (c.548G>A, p.R183Q) is enriched in endothelial cells (ECs) in skin CM and Sturge-Weber syndrome brain CM. Our goal was to investigate how the mutant Gαq (G-protein αq subunit) alters EC signaling and disrupts capillary morphogenesis. Approach and Results: We used lentiviral constructs to express p.R183Q or wild-type GNAQ in normal human endothelial colony forming cells (EC-R183Q and EC-WT, respectively). EC-R183Q constitutively activated PLC (phospholipase C) β3, a downstream effector of Gαq. Activated PLCβ3 was also detected in human CM tissue sections. Bulk RNA sequencing analyses of mutant versus wild-type EC indicated constitutive activation of PKC (protein kinase C), NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) and calcineurin signaling in EC-R183Q. Increased expression of downstream targets in these pathways, ANGPT2 (angiopoietin-2) and DSCR (Down syndrome critical region protein) 1.4 were confirmed by quantitative PCR and immunostaining of human CM tissue sections. The Gαq inhibitor YM-254890 as well as siRNA targeted to PLCβ3 reduced mRNA expression levels of these targets in EC-R183Q while the pan-PKC inhibitor AEB071 reduced ANGPT2 but not DSCR1.4. EC-R183Q formed enlarged blood vessels in mice, reminiscent of those found in human CM. shRNA knockdown of ANGPT2 in EC-R183Q normalized the enlarged vessels to sizes comparable those formed by EC-WT. CONCLUSIONS Gαq-R183Q, when expressed in ECs, establishes constitutively active PLCβ3 signaling that leads to increased ANGPT2 and a proangiogenic, proinflammatory phenotype. EC-R183Q are sufficient to form enlarged CM-like vessels in mice, and suppression of ANGPT2 prevents the enlargement. Our study provides the first evidence that endothelial Gαq-R183Q is causative for CM and identifies ANGPT2 as a contributor to CM vascular phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Huang
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Colette Bichsel
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Alexis Norris
- Department of Neurology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Jeremy Thorpe
- Department of Neurology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Jonathan Pevsner
- Department of Neurology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Sanda Alexandrescu
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Anna Pinto
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - David Zurakowski
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Research, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Robin J. Kleiman
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Mustafa Sahin
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Arin K. Greene
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Vascular Anomalies Center, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Joyce Bischoff
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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5
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Asada K, Takasawa K, Machino H, Takahashi S, Shinkai N, Bolatkan A, Kobayashi K, Komatsu M, Kaneko S, Okamoto K, Hamamoto R. Single-Cell Analysis Using Machine Learning Techniques and Its Application to Medical Research. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111513. [PMID: 34829742 PMCID: PMC8614827 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the diversity of cancer cells in tumor tissues as a result of intratumor heterogeneity has attracted attention. In particular, the development of single-cell analysis technology has made a significant contribution to the field; technologies that are centered on single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have been reported to analyze cancer constituent cells, identify cell groups responsible for therapeutic resistance, and analyze gene signatures of resistant cell groups. However, although single-cell analysis is a powerful tool, various issues have been reported, including batch effects and transcriptional noise due to gene expression variation and mRNA degradation. To overcome these issues, machine learning techniques are currently being introduced for single-cell analysis, and promising results are being reported. In addition, machine learning has also been used in various ways for single-cell analysis, such as single-cell assay of transposase accessible chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq), chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) analysis, and multi-omics analysis; thus, it contributes to a deeper understanding of the characteristics of human diseases, especially cancer, and supports clinical applications. In this review, we present a comprehensive introduction to the implementation of machine learning techniques in medical research for single-cell analysis, and discuss their usefulness and future potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Asada
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; (K.T.); (H.M.); (S.T.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: (K.A.); (R.H.); Tel.: +81-3-3547-5271 (R.H.)
| | - Ken Takasawa
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; (K.T.); (H.M.); (S.T.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Hidenori Machino
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; (K.T.); (H.M.); (S.T.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; (K.T.); (H.M.); (S.T.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Norio Shinkai
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; (K.T.); (H.M.); (S.T.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (M.K.)
- Department of NCC Cancer Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Amina Bolatkan
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; (K.T.); (H.M.); (S.T.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (M.K.)
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (K.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Kazuma Kobayashi
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (K.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Masaaki Komatsu
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; (K.T.); (H.M.); (S.T.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Syuzo Kaneko
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (K.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Koji Okamoto
- Division of Cancer Differentiation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
| | - Ryuji Hamamoto
- Department of NCC Cancer Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (K.K.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: (K.A.); (R.H.); Tel.: +81-3-3547-5271 (R.H.)
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Fukuda K, Miura Y, Maeda T, Hayashi S, Matsumoto T, Kuroda R. Expression profiling of genes in rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes regulated by Fas ligand via cDNA microarray analysis. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1000. [PMID: 34345282 PMCID: PMC8311246 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation in synovial tissues. Hyperplasia of synovial tissues leads to the formation of pannus that invades the joint cartilage and bone, resulting in joint destruction. Fas ligand (FasL), which is a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily, contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including RA. The current study attempted to identify genes whose expressions in rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) were regulated by FasL, using cDNA microarray. A total of four individual lines of primary cultured RA-FLS were incubated either with recombinant human FasL protein or PBS as an unstimulated control for 12 h. Gene expression was detected using a microarray assay. The results revealed the expression profiles of genes in RA-FLS regulated by Fas and investigated the functions of the genes that were regulated. Among the genes in this profile, the mRNA expression changes of the following genes were indicated to be of note using RT-qPCR: Dual specificity phosphatase 6, epiregulin, interleukin 11, angiopoietin-like 7, protein inhibitor of activated STAT 2 and growth differentiation factor 5. These genes may affect the pathogenesis of RA by affecting apoptosis, proliferation, cytokine production, cytokine-induced inflammation, intracellular signaling, angiogenesis, bone destruction and chondrogenesis. To the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first study to reveal the expression profile of genes in RA-FLS regulated by FasL. The data demonstrated that FasL may regulate the expression of a number of key molecules in RA-FLS, thus affecting RA pathogenesis. Further studies of the genes detected may improve the understanding of RA pathogenesis and provide novel treatment targets for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Fukuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yasushi Miura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan.,Division of Orthopedic Science, Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Science, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Maeda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
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Li J, Kim KW, Oh H, Kim YC. Anti-inflammatory Effects of Sanhuang-Siwu-Tang in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophages and BV2 Microglial Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:535-543. [PMID: 33563883 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sanhuang-Siwu-Tang (SST), composed of seven medicinal herbs, is a well-known herbal formula used for the treatment of gynecologic diseases. To expand the clinical use of SST, we explored the anti-inflammatory or anti-neuroinflammatory effects of SST water extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and BV2 microglial cells. According to HPLC analysis, the main components of SST were from Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, and Paeoniae Radix. SST significantly inhibited pro-inflammatory mediators including lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) as well as protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and BV2 microglial cells. Furthermore, these anti-inflammatory or anti-neuroinflammatory effects of SST were mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinase-related proteins (MAPK) and nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB)-related proteins. Overall, this study demonstrated that SST is a potential therapeutic formula for the prevention or treatment of inappropriate inflammation, neuroinflammation, or neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University.,Department of Pharmacy, Jiujiang University Affiliated Hospital
| | - Kwan-Woo Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University
| | - Hyuncheol Oh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University
| | - Youn-Chul Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University
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8
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Almaghrabi RS, Nizami I, Alameer R, Alshehri N, Almohaizeie A, Alrajhi AA, Omrani AS. Successful Use of Rifamycin-Sparing Regimens for the Treatment of Active Tuberculosis in Lung Transplant Recipients. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2021; 19:359-366. [PMID: 33535940 DOI: 10.6002/ect.2020.0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tuberculosis is an important opportunist infection that can complicate the posttransplant course of solid-organ transplant recipients. Lung transplant recipients are at higher risk of tuberculosis after transplant than are other solid-organ transplant recipients. Significant drug-drug interactions between antituberculous medications, especially rifampin, and immunosuppressant medications render treatment in this patient population especially challenging. Data on the management of tuberculosis in lung transplant recipients with rifamycin-sparing regimens are so far limited. Therefore, we evaluated the incidence, clinical features, treatment, and outcomes of active tuberculosis in lung transplant patients from a single center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cases of active tuberculosis in lung transplant recipients diagnosed between January 2005 and December 2017 at our center were included. Data on patient demographics, clinical presentations, diagnosis, treatment regimens, and outcomes were collected. RESULTS Seven of 133 lung transplant recipients (5.3%) were diagnosed with active tuberculosis during the study period, corresponding to an incidence rate of 2147/100 000 person-years. Patients were diagnosed at median time of 94 days posttransplant. Fever and weight loss were the most common presenting symptoms. All patients were initially treated with a regimen consisting of isoniazid, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, and moxifloxacin. Isoniazid was later substituted with rifabutin in 2 patients with isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis. All patients were treated for a total of 9 to 12 months, without any adverse event-related interruptions. All patients were alive at 12 months after the diagnosis of tuberculosis. There was no evidence of relapse in any of the patients after a median of 32 (range, 9-51) months of follow-up after treatment. CONCLUSIONS Rifamycin-sparing regimens appear to be safe and highly efficacious in the treatment of active tuberculosis in lung transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem S Almaghrabi
- From the Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Doha, Qatar
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9
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Yang Y, Li R, Hui J, Li L, Zheng X. β-Carotene attenuates LPS-induced rat intestinal inflammation via modulating autophagy and regulating the JAK2/STAT3 and JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathways. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13544. [PMID: 33147650 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a protective response of the immune defense system and inflammatory response could be regulated by autophagy. β-Carotene has shown anti-inflammatory potential. However, whether β-carotene could alleviate rat intestinal inflammation by modulating autophagy and its anti-inflammation underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we found that β-carotene significantly reduced (p < .05) the production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PG)E2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels by the Griess reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and we found that β-carotene significantly suppressed (p < .05) the mRNA expression levels of IL-1β and TNF-α by RT-PCR. In addition, H&E staining revealed that β-carotene could improve intestinal morphology and cell morphology. Furthermore, the levels of signaling proteins of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), AKT, Janus kinase 2/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were detected by Western blot analysis. We found that β-carotene significantly attenuated (p < .05) the related signaling proteins activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation in rats. Moreover, this conclusion was also verified in intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)-6. 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) is widely used as inhibitor of autophagy via its inhibitory effect on class III PI3K. Simultaneously, pretreatment of 3-MA suppressed the inhibiting effects of β-carotene on the related signaling proteins. This study demonstrates that β-carotene could attenuate the LPS-induced intestinal inflammation in rats via modulating autophagy and regulating the JAK2/STAT3 and JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathways. We also found the same phenomenon when we verified the results with the IEC-6 cells. These findings provide new insights into improving the nutritional value of basic diets and enhancing immune performance. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: β-Carotene is a generally acknowledged natural carotenoid nutrient that exhibits provitamin A activity, and it is widely found in fruits or vegetables. Our study provide a new insight into the anti-inflammatory mechanism of β-carotene. Treatment with β-carotene can be used for the beneficial effect against LPS-induced inflammation damage. This study not only lays the foundation for the related research on the anti-inflammatory properties of β-carotene in vitro and in rat models, but also holds important significance in the field of food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruonan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Junnan Hui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Lingqian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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10
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Liu H, Yan C, Li C, You T, She Z. Naphthoquinone Derivatives with Anti-Inflammatory Activity from Mangrove-Derived Endophytic Fungus Talaromyces sp. SK-S009. Molecules 2020; 25:E576. [PMID: 32013142 PMCID: PMC7037671 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Twelve 1, 4-naphthoquinone derivatives, including two new (1 and 2) and 10 known (3-12), were obtained from endophytic fungus Talaromyces sp. SK-S009 isolated from the fruit of Kandelia obovata. All structures were identified through extensive analysis of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry (MS) and circular dichroism (CD), as well as by comparison with literature data. These compounds significantly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in the murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7 cells). The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values, except for compound 2, were lower than that of indomethacin (26.3 μM). Compound 9 inhibited the LPS-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA expressions in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Additionally, compound 9 reduced the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. The results of this study demonstrated that these 1, 4-naphthoquinone derivatives can inhibit LPS-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongju Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, China; (C.Y.); (C.L.); (T.Y.)
| | - Chong Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, China; (C.Y.); (C.L.); (T.Y.)
| | - Changqun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, China; (C.Y.); (C.L.); (T.Y.)
| | - Tingting You
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, China; (C.Y.); (C.L.); (T.Y.)
| | - Zhigang She
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
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11
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Xiao M, Lai W, Man T, Chang B, Li L, Chandrasekaran AR, Pei H. Rationally Engineered Nucleic Acid Architectures for Biosensing Applications. Chem Rev 2019; 119:11631-11717. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingshu Xiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Man
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Binbin Chang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Arun Richard Chandrasekaran
- The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Hao Pei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
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12
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Liu T, Luo X, Li ZH, Wu JC, Luo SZ, Xu MY. Zinc-α2-glycoprotein 1 attenuates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by negatively regulating tumour necrosis factor-α. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:5451-5468. [PMID: 31576092 PMCID: PMC6767980 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i36.5451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zinc-α2-glycoprotein 1 (AZGP1) plays important roles in metabolism-related diseases. The underlying molecular mechanisms and therapeutic effects of AZGP1 remain unknown in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
AIM To explore the effects and potential mechanism of AZGP1 on NAFLD in vivo and in vitro.
METHODS The expression of AZGP1 and its effects on hepatocytes were examined in NAFLD patients, CCl4-treated mice fed a high fat diet (HFD), and human LO2 cells.
RESULTS AZGP1 levels were significantly decreased in liver tissues of NAFLD patients and mice. AZGP1 knockdown was found to activate inflammation; enhance steatogenesis, including promoting lipogenesis [sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c, liver X receptor (LXR), fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD)-1], increasing lipid transport and accumulation [fatty acid transport protein (FATP), carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT)-1A, and adiponectin], and reducing fatty acid β-oxidation [farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α]; accelerate proliferation; and reverse apoptosis in LO2 cells. AZGP1 overexpression (OV-AZGP1) had the opposite effects. Furthermore, AZGP1 alleviated NAFLD by blocking TNF-α-mediated inflammation and intracellular lipid deposition, promoting proliferation, and inhibiting apoptosis in LO2 cells. Finally, treatment with OV-AZGP1 plasmid dramatically improved liver injury and eliminated liver fat in NAFLD mice.
CONCLUSION AZGP1 attenuates NAFLD with regard to ameliorating inflammation, accelerating lipolysis, promoting proliferation, and reducing apoptosis by negatively regulating TNF-α. AZGP1 is suggested to be a novel promising therapeutic target for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Jun-Cheng Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Sheng-Zheng Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Ming-Yi Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
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13
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Lee H, Lee DS, Chang KJ, Kim SH, Cheong SH. Ribose-Taurine Suppresses Inflammation Through NF-κB Regulation in Activated RAW 264.7 Macrophages. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1155:1057-1067. [PMID: 31468467 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8023-5_87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Ribose-taurine (Rib-T) suppressed the generation of inflammatory mediators and cytokines, such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) through the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expressions in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β induced by LPS was effectively blocked by Rib-T. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory actions of Rib-T were involved in its inhibitory effects against the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65, and NF-κB DNA-binding activity. These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory action of Rib-T is associated with NF-κB regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwan Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Sung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Ja Chang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hee Cheong
- Department of Marine Bio-Food Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea
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14
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Fukuda K, Miura Y, Maeda T, Hayashi S, Kuroda R. Expression profiling of genes in rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes regulated by tumor necrosis factor-like ligand 1A using cDNA microarray analysis. Biomed Rep 2019; 1:1-5. [PMID: 31258900 PMCID: PMC6566564 DOI: 10.3892/br.2019.1216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation in synovial tissues. Hyperplasia of synovial tissue leads to the formation of pannus, which invades joint cartilage and bone resulting in joint destruction. Tumor necrosis factor-like ligand 1A (TL1A), a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF15), contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including RA. In the present study, a cDNA microarray was used to search for genes whose expression in rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) were regulated by TL1A. Four individual lines of primary cultured RA-FLS were incubated either with recombinant human TL1A protein or phosphate-buffered saline, as an unstimulated control, for 12 h. Gene expression was then detected through the microarray assay. The results revealed the expression profiles of genes in RA-FLS regulated by TL1A. The present study also demonstrated the functions of those genes whose expression in RA-FLS was regulated by TL1A. Among the genes in this profile, the present study focused on the following genes: Spectrin repeat-containing nuclear envelope 1, Fc receptor-like 2, PYD (pyrin domain)-containing 1, cell division cycle 45 homolog, signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B, and interferon regulatory factor 4. These genes may affect the pathogenesis of RA, including proliferation, regulation of B cells and T cells, inflammation, and cytokine processing. The present study revealed for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the expression profile of genes in RA-FLS regulated by TL1A. The data indicate that TL1A may regulate the gene expression of various key molecules in RA-FLS, thus affecting the pathogenesis of RA. Further investigations of the genes detected in the current profiles may provide a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis and a novel target for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Fukuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yasushi Miura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan.,Division of Orthopedic Science, Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Science, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Maeda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
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15
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Charlesworth RPG, Agnew LL, Scott DR, Andronicos NM. Celiac disease gene expression data can be used to classify biopsies along the Marsh score severity scale. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 34:169-177. [PMID: 29972865 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The diagnosis of celiac disease autoimmune pathology relies on the subjective histological assignment of biopsies into Marsh score categories. It is hypothesized that Marsh score categories have unique gene expression signatures. The aims were as follows: first, to develop a celiac disease quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) array; second, define gene expression signatures associated with Marsh score categories; and third, develop equations that classify biopsies into Marsh score categories and to monitor the efficacy of patient treatment. METHODS Gene targets for inclusion in the celiac RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) array were identified using systematic analysis of published celiac transcriptomic data. The array was used to assess the gene expression associated with histological changes in duodenal biopsies obtained from adult patients. Finally, Marsh score classification equations were defined using discriminant analysis. RESULTS The array contained 87 genes. The expression of 26 genes were significantly (p < 0.06) associated with the discrete Marsh score categories. As the Marsh score pathology of biopsies increased, there was a progression of innate immune gene expression through adaptive Th1-specific gene expression with a concurrent decrease in intestinal structural gene expression in high Marsh score samples. These 26 genes were used to define classification equations that accounted for 99% of the observed experimental variation and which could classify biopsies into Marsh score categories and monitor patient treatment progression. CONCLUSIONS This proof-of-concept study successfully developed a celiac RT-PCR array and has provided evidence that discriminant equations defined using gene expression data can objectively and accurately classify duodenal biopsies into Marsh score categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard P G Charlesworth
- Discipline of Biomedical Sciences, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Linda L Agnew
- Discipline of Biomedical Sciences, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David R Scott
- Hunter New England Area Health Service, Tamworth, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicholas M Andronicos
- Discipline of Biomedical Sciences, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
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16
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Huan T, Joehanes R, Schurmann C, Schramm K, Pilling LC, Peters MJ, Mägi R, DeMeo D, O'Connor GT, Ferrucci L, Teumer A, Homuth G, Biffar R, Völker U, Herder C, Waldenberger M, Peters A, Zeilinger S, Metspalu A, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG, Hernandez DG, Singleton AB, Bandinelli S, Munson PJ, Lin H, Benjamin EJ, Esko T, Grabe HJ, Prokisch H, van Meurs JBJ, Melzer D, Levy D. A whole-blood transcriptome meta-analysis identifies gene expression signatures of cigarette smoking. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 25:4611-4623. [PMID: 28158590 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a leading modifiable cause of death worldwide. We hypothesized that cigarette smoking induces extensive transcriptomic changes that lead to target-organ damage and smoking-related diseases. We performed a meta-analysis of transcriptome-wide gene expression using whole blood-derived RNA from 10,233 participants of European ancestry in six cohorts (including 1421 current and 3955 former smokers) to identify associations between smoking and altered gene expression levels. At a false discovery rate (FDR) <0.1, we identified 1270 differentially expressed genes in current vs. never smokers, and 39 genes in former vs. never smokers. Expression levels of 12 genes remained elevated up to 30 years after smoking cessation, suggesting that the molecular consequence of smoking may persist for decades. Gene ontology analysis revealed enrichment of smoking-related genes for activation of platelets and lymphocytes, immune response, and apoptosis. Many of the top smoking-related differentially expressed genes, including LRRN3 and GPR15, have DNA methylation loci in promoter regions that were recently reported to be hypomethylated among smokers. By linking differential gene expression with smoking-related disease phenotypes, we demonstrated that stroke and pulmonary function show enrichment for smoking-related gene expression signatures. Mediation analysis revealed the expression of several genes (e.g. ALAS2) to be putative mediators of the associations between smoking and inflammatory biomarkers (IL6 and C-reactive protein levels). Our transcriptomic study provides potential insights into the effects of cigarette smoking on gene expression in whole blood and their relations to smoking-related diseases. The results of such analyses may highlight attractive targets for treating or preventing smoking-related health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Huan
- Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Roby Joehanes
- Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Hebrew SeniorLife, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA.,Genetics of Obesity & Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katharina Schramm
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Luke C Pilling
- Epidemiology and Public Health Group, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Marjolein J Peters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,The Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden/Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reedik Mägi
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden/Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - George T O'Connor
- Boston University School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Reiner Biffar
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Gerostomatology and Dental Materials, Center of Oral Health, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sonja Zeilinger
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andres Metspalu
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden/Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,The Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden/Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,The Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden/Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden/Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,The Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden/Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dena G Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew B Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Peter J Munson
- Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA
| | - Honghuang Lin
- Boston University School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emelia J Benjamin
- Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,The Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden/Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,The Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden/Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Boston University School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,The Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden/Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tõnu Esko
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden/Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases DZNE, Site Rostock/Greifswald, Germany
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Joyce B J van Meurs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,The Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden/Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Melzer
- Epidemiology and Public Health Group, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Daniel Levy
- Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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17
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Looking for new diagnostic tools and biomarkers of hypertension in obese pediatric patients. Blood Press Monit 2018; 22:122-130. [PMID: 28272108 DOI: 10.1097/mbp.0000000000000242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Development of obesity in childhood may be linked to an increased risk of hypertension. OBJECTIVES This study aimed (a) to analyze the expression of genes associated with blood pressure (BP) in obese children, (b) to evaluate ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) as a diagnostic tool in hypertension in children, and (c) to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in children with obesity. PATIENTS AND METHODS Office BP measurements and ABPM were performed in 49 children with obesity and 25 age-matched healthy children. Expressions of 12 monogenic hypertension genes and 45 genes variants associated with BP were assessed using the microarray technique. RESULTS No significant differences in gene expression levels were found. Children with obesity had significantly higher (P<0.001) mean office systolic and diastolic BPs compared with the controls. The diagnosis of high normal BP and hypertension with ABPM was established in 27 and 33% of children, respectively. Nocturnal BP decrease less than 10% was found in 27% of children, whereas nocturnal BP decrease more than 20% was found in 13% of children. Nocturnal BP increase was found in 13% of patients. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was established in 29% of obese patients. CONCLUSION The following can be concluded: (a) the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was found in nearly one-third of children with obesity. (b) ABPM is a useful and reliable tool in the diagnostics of pediatric hypertension. Abnormal BP can be observed in ∼50% of obese children.
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18
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Kolac UK, Ustuner MC, Tekin N, Ustuner D, Colak E, Entok E. The Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects ofSalvia officinalison Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Rats. J Med Food 2017; 20:1193-1200. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Umut Kerem Kolac
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Cengiz Ustuner
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Tekin
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Derya Ustuner
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Vocational School of Health Services, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Emine Colak
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Emre Entok
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Herbal Formula SC-E3 in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:1725246. [PMID: 29234366 PMCID: PMC5662831 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1725246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
SC-E3 is a novel herbal formula composed of five oriental medicinal herbs that are used to treat a wide range of inflammatory diseases in Korean traditional medicine. In this study, we sought to determine the effects of SC-E3 on free radical generation and inflammatory response in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) treated RAW 264.7 macrophages and the molecular mechanism involved. The ethanol extract of SC-E3 showed good free radical scavenging activity and inhibited LPS-induced reactive oxygen species generation. SC-E3 significantly inhibited the production of the LPS-induced inflammatory mediators, nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2, by suppressing the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, respectively. SC-E3 also prevented the secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, and inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Furthermore, SC-E3 induced the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) by promoting the nuclear translocation and transactivation of Nrf2. Taken together, these results suggest that SC-E3 has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and that these effects are due to the inhibitions of NF-κB and MAPK and the induction of Nrf2-mediated HO-1 expression in macrophages. These findings provide scientific evidence supporting the potential use of SC-E3 for the treatment and prevention of various inflammatory diseases.
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Rios R, Silva HBFD, Carneiro NVQ, Pires ADO, Carneiro TCB, Costa RDS, Marques CR, Machado MSS, Velozo EDS, Silva TMGD, Silva TMSD, Conceição ADS, Alcântara-Neves NM, Figueiredo CA. Solanum paniculatum L. decreases levels of inflammatory cytokines by reducing NFKB, TBET and GATA3 gene expression in vitro. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 209:32-40. [PMID: 28729226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Solanum paniculatum L., popularly known as jurubeba, is a common subtropical plant from Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia and Argentina, that is used in folk medicine for the treatment of anemia, gastrointestinal disorders and inflammatory conditions in general. In addition to that, an ethnobotanical survey in "Todos os Santos" Bay have pointed out S. paniculatum as an herb to treat asthma. Previous publications have shown that S. paniculatum possesses antibiotic, antioxidant and modulatory effects on gastric acid secretion; however, its anti-inflammatory potential remains unexplored. AIM OF THE STUDY Herein, we analyzed the S. paniculatum fruits hexane extract (SpE) for the presence of stigmasterol and β-sitosterol and investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of SpE in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS SpE was subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for standardization and quantification of stigmasterol and β-sitosterol. Spleen cells from BALB/c mice were cultivated and stimulated with pokeweed mitogen and also exposed to 15, 30 and 60µg/mL of SpE. Following treatment, levels of IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in the culture supernatants were assessed by ELISA. We also evaluated nitric oxide (NO) production by murine LPS-stimulated peritoneal macrophages using the Griess technique. In addition, the ability of SpE to stabilize membranes was assessed using a model of hemolysis induced by heat on murine erythrocytes. Gene expression of Th1-cell-specific Tbx21 transcription factor (TBET), zinc-finger transcription factor-3 (GATA3), and nuclear factor-κB (NFKB) in murine spleen cells were assessed by quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS SpE at 15, 30 and 60µg/mL significantly attenuated cell proliferation, decreased IL-4 release, reduced NO production and improved erythrocyte membrane stabilization in a concentration-dependent manner. SpE was also able to decrease the release of IFN-γ without altering IL-10 levels. The mechanism whereby SpE decreased inflammatory markers may be related to the reduction of NFKB, TBET and GATA3 gene expression. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to test the anti-inflammatory action of S. paniculatum. Herein, we provided evidence for the popular use of S. paniculatum in inflammatory conditions. Additional studies must be conducted to further explore the anti-inflammatory potential of SpE and to elucidate possible clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimon Rios
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus Canela, 40110100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Anaque de Oliveira Pires
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus Canela, 40110100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Ryan Dos Santos Costa
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus Canela, 40110100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Cintia Rodrigues Marques
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus Canela, 40110100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Eudes da Silva Velozo
- Departamento do Medicamento, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus Ondina, 40170115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Telma M G da Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Moleculares, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 52171900 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Tania M S da Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Moleculares, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 52171900 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Adilva de Souza Conceição
- Departamento de Educação, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Campus VIII, 48608240 Paulo Afonso, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Neuza Maria Alcântara-Neves
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus Canela, 40110100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Clinical application of modified bag-of-features coupled with hybrid neural-based classifier in dengue fever classification using gene expression data. Med Biol Eng Comput 2017; 56:709-720. [PMID: 28891000 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-017-1722-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Dengue fever detection and classification have a vital role due to the recent outbreaks of different kinds of dengue fever. Recently, the advancement in the microarray technology can be employed for such classification process. Several studies have established that the gene selection phase takes a significant role in the classifier performance. Subsequently, the current study focused on detecting two different variations, namely, dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). A modified bag-of-features method has been proposed to select the most promising genes in the classification process. Afterward, a modified cuckoo search optimization algorithm has been engaged to support the artificial neural (ANN-MCS) to classify the unknown subjects into three different classes namely, DF, DHF, and another class containing convalescent and normal cases. The proposed method has been compared with other three well-known classifiers, namely, multilayer perceptron feed-forward network (MLP-FFN), artificial neural network (ANN) trained with cuckoo search (ANN-CS), and ANN trained with PSO (ANN-PSO). Experiments have been carried out with different number of clusters for the initial bag-of-features-based feature selection phase. After obtaining the reduced dataset, the hybrid ANN-MCS model has been employed for the classification process. The results have been compared in terms of the confusion matrix-based performance measuring metrics. The experimental results indicated a highly statistically significant improvement with the proposed classifier over the traditional ANN-CS model.
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Lee S, Kim DC, Park JS, Son JY, Hak Sohn J, Liu L, Che Y, Oh H. Penicillospirone from a marine isolate of Penicillium sp. (SF-5292) with anti-inflammatory activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3516-3520. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Transcriptome Profiling in Human Diseases: New Advances and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081652. [PMID: 28758927 PMCID: PMC5578042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, transcriptome profiling has been one of the most utilized approaches to investigate human diseases at the molecular level. Through expression studies, many molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets have been found for several human pathologies. This number is continuously increasing thanks to total RNA sequencing. Indeed, this new technology has completely revolutionized transcriptome analysis allowing the quantification of gene expression levels and allele-specific expression in a single experiment, as well as to identify novel genes, splice isoforms, fusion transcripts, and to investigate the world of non-coding RNA at an unprecedented level. RNA sequencing has also been employed in important projects, like ENCODE (Encyclopedia of the regulatory elements) and TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas), to provide a snapshot of the transcriptome of dozens of cell lines and thousands of primary tumor specimens. Moreover, these studies have also paved the way to the development of data integration approaches in order to facilitate management and analysis of data and to identify novel disease markers and molecular targets to use in the clinics. In this scenario, several ongoing clinical trials utilize transcriptome profiling through RNA sequencing strategies as an important instrument in the diagnosis of numerous human pathologies.
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Park JY, Kwon YW, Lee SC, Park SD, Lee JH. Herbal formula SC-E1 suppresses lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory responses through activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:374. [PMID: 28754101 PMCID: PMC5534083 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1874-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SC-E1 is a novel herbal formula consisting of five oriental medicinal herbs used frequently in traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases in Korea. This study examined the effects of SC-E1 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages and the molecular mechanism involved. METHODS The cytotoxic effect of the SC-E1 extract was evaluated in RAW 264.7 cells by MTT assay. The effects of SC-E1 on the free radical scavenging and generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species were measured using DPPH and DCFH-DA, respectively. The effects of SC-E1 on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory mediators, and related products were determined by ELISA and western blotting. The molecular mechanism and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were examined by western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry. RESULTS SC-E1 exhibited strong anti-oxidant activity and inhibited LPS-induced NO secretion as well as iNOS expression and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, without affecting the cell viability. SC-E1 also suppressed the LPS-induced NF-κB activation and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Moreover, SC-E1 induced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression via the nuclear translocation of Nrf2. The inhibitory effects of SC-E1 on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines were abrogated by treatment with SnPP, an HO-1 inhibitor. CONCLUSION These results suggest that SC-E1 exerts its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects through the inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK as well as Nrf2-mediated HO-1 induction in macrophages. These findings provide evidences for SC-E1 to be considered as a new prescription for treating inflammatory diseases.
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BCL6 mediates the effects of Gastrodin on promoting M2-like macrophage polarization and protecting against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and cell death in macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 486:458-464. [PMID: 28315684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common childhood disability worldwide, yet biomarkers for predicting CP are lacking. By subjecting peripheral blood samples from 62 CP patients and 30 healthy controls to Affymetrix GeneChip® PrimeView™ HumanGene Expression Microarray analysis, we identified the novel biomarker B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) as the most upregulated gene in the CP samples. Gastrodin is a traditional Chinese medicine and bioactive compound that promotes adductor angle release, as well as gross and fine motor performance by increasing Gross Motor Function Measure-66 and Fine Motor Function Measure-45 scores. Gastrodin upregulates the mRNA expression of Mgl2 and Mrc1, M2 macrophage markers, and arginase activity, an M2 polarization indicator, in murine RAW264.7 macrophages. Moreover, these effects were blocked by BCL6 siRNA, which also abrogated the protective effects of Gastrodin against hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis and death in RAW264.7 cells. Our work identified BCL6 as a novel biomarker for early prediction of CP. Moreover, we demonstrated that Gastrodin not only stimulated polarization toward M2-like macrophages, which promote tissue repair, but also rescued macrophages from oxidative stress, apoptosis and death by inducing BCL6 expression. BCL6-targeted therapeutic strategies have promise for improving motor performance in CP patients.
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Wang W, Liu P, Hao C, Wu L, Wan W, Mao X. Neoagaro-oligosaccharide monomers inhibit inflammation in LPS-stimulated macrophages through suppression of MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44252. [PMID: 28266652 PMCID: PMC5339798 DOI: 10.1038/srep44252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoagaro-oligosaccharides derived from agarose have been demonstrated to possess a variety of biological activities, such as anti-bacteria and anti-oxidative activities. In this study, we mainly explored the inhibitory effects and the mechanisms of neoagaro-oligosaccharide monomers against LPS-induced inflammatory responses in mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells. The results indicated that neoagaro-oligosaccharide monomers especially neoagarotetraose could significantly reduce the production and release of NO in LPS-induced macrophages. Neoagarotetraose significantly suppressed the expression and secretion of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6. The inhibition mechanisms may be associated with the inhibition of the activation of p38MAPK, Ras/MEK/ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Thus, neoagarotetraose may attenuate the inflammatory responses through downregulating the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated macrophages. In summary, the marine-derived neoagaro-oligosaccharide monomers merit further investigation as novel anti-inflammation agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, and School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Pei Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, and School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Cui Hao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, and School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wenjin Wan
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, and School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
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Katano M, Kurokawa MS, Matsuo K, Masuko K, Suematsu N, Okamoto K, Kamada T, Nakamura H, Kato T. Phosphoproteome analysis of synoviocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Rheum Dis 2017; 20:708-721. [DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Katano
- Research and Development, Clinical Department; LSI Medience Corporation; Tokyo Japan
- Clinical Proteomics and Molecular Medicine; St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine; Kawasaki Japan
| | - Manae S. Kurokawa
- Disease Biomarker Analysis and Molecular Regulation; St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine; Kawasaki Japan
| | - Kosuke Matsuo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Yokohama City University School of Medicine; Yokohama Japan
| | - Kayo Masuko
- Preventive Medical Center; Sanno Hospital Medical Center; Tokyo Japan
| | - Naoya Suematsu
- Clinical Proteomics and Molecular Medicine; St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine; Kawasaki Japan
| | - Kazuki Okamoto
- Clinical Proteomics and Molecular Medicine; St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine; Kawasaki Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery; International University of Health and Welfare; Tokyo Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kato
- Clinical Proteomics and Molecular Medicine; St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine; Kawasaki Japan
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28
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Anti-colony-stimulating factor therapies for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2016; 16:53-70. [DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2016.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Yoon CS, Kim DC, Quang TH, Seo J, Kang DG, Lee HS, Oh H, Kim YC. A Prenylated Xanthone, Cudratricusxanthone A, Isolated from Cudrania tricuspidata Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation through Inhibition of NF-κB and p38 MAPK Pathways in BV2 Microglia. Molecules 2016; 21:E1240. [PMID: 27649130 PMCID: PMC6272989 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21091240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cudrania tricuspidata Bureau (Moraceae) is an important source of traditional Korean and Chinese medicines used to treat neuritis and inflammation. Cudratricusxanthone A (1), a prenylated xanthone, isolated from C. tricuspidata, has a variety of biological and therapeutic activities. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of compound 1 on neuroinflammation and characterize its mechanism of action in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglia. Cudratricusxanthone A (1) suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 enzymes and decreased the production of iNOS-derived nitric oxide and COX-2-derived prostaglandin E2 in LPS-stimulated mouse BV2 microglia. The compound also decreased tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-12 production; inhibited the phosphorylation and degradation of IκB-α; and blocked the nuclear translocation of p50 and p65 in mouse BV2 microglia induced by LPS. Cudratricusxanthone A (1) had inhibitory effects on nuclear factor kappa B DNA-binding activity. Additionally, it inhibited the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Our data suggests that cudratricusxanthone A (1) may be a useful therapeutic agent in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases caused by neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Su Yoon
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea.
| | - Dong-Cheol Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea.
| | - Tran Hong Quang
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.
| | - Jungwon Seo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea.
| | - Dae Gill Kang
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea.
| | - Ho Sub Lee
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea.
| | - Hyuncheol Oh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea.
| | - Youn-Chul Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea.
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea.
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Complex Sources of Variation in Tissue Expression Data: Analysis of the GTEx Lung Transcriptome. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 99:624-635. [PMID: 27588449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The sources of gene expression variability in human tissues are thought to be a complex interplay of technical, compositional, and disease-related factors. To better understand these contributions, we investigated expression variability in a relatively homogeneous tissue expression dataset from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) resource. In addition to identifying technical sources, such as sequencing date and post-mortem interval, we also identified several biological sources of variation. An in-depth analysis of the 175 genes with the greatest variation among 133 lung tissue samples identified five distinct clusters of highly correlated genes. One large cluster included surfactant genes (SFTPA1, SFTPA2, and SFTPC), which are expressed exclusively in type II pneumocytes, cells that proliferate in ventilator associated lung injury. High surfactant expression was strongly associated with death on a ventilator and type II pneumocyte hyperplasia. A second large cluster included dynein (DNAH9 and DNAH12) and mucin (MUC5B and MUC16) genes, which are exclusive to the respiratory epithelium and goblet cells of bronchial structures. This indicates heterogeneous bronchiole sampling due to the harvesting location in the lung. A small cluster included acute-phase reactant genes (SAA1, SAA2, and SAA2-SAA4). The final two small clusters were technical and gender related. To summarize, in a collection of normal lung samples, we found that tissue heterogeneity caused by harvesting location (medial or lateral lung) and late therapeutic intervention (mechanical ventilation) were major contributors to expression variation. These unexpected sources of variation were the result of altered cell ratios in the tissue samples, an underappreciated source of expression variation.
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Wang X, Wang S, Jin X, Wang N, Luo Y, Teng Y. Detection and preliminary screening of the human gene expression profile for Hirschsprung's disease. Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:641-50. [PMID: 26648025 PMCID: PMC4686122 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated a genome microarray of colorectal lesions (spasm segments) in children with Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR), and analyzed the results. In addition, the present study screened for differentially expressed genes in children with HSCR. Microarray technology was used to examine the human gene expression profiles of the colorectal lesions (spasm segments) of six children with HSCR, and three normal colon tissue samples. The data were analyzed be determining P‑values of significance and absolute fold changes. Preliminary screening was performed to identify genes exhibiting significant differential expression in children with HSCR, and these target genes were analyzed in subsequent verification and analytical investigations. Of >20,000 detected human genes, the preliminary screenings demonstrated that 3,850 genes were differentially expressed and upregulated, with P<0.05 and >2‑fold absolute changes in expression. In addition, 645 differentially expressed genes with P<0.05 and >2‑fold absolute changes were downregulated. Of the upregulated genes, 118 were involved in classic signaling pathways, compared with 11 of the downregulated genes (P<0.001; absolute fold change >2‑fold). HSCR etiology is complex and often involves multiple gene changes. Microarray technology can produce large quantities of gene expression data simultaneously, and analyzing this data using various techniques may provide a fast and efficient method for identifying novel gene targets and for investigating the mechanisms underlying HSCR pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Tumour Laboratory of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Shiqi Wang
- Tumour Laboratory of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Xianqing Jin
- Tumour Laboratory of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- Tumour Laboratory of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Luo
- Tumour Laboratory of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Yinping Teng
- Tumour Laboratory of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
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Le MQ, Kim MS, Song YS, Ryu HW, Oh SR, Yoon DY. 6-O-Veratroyl catalpol suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokines via regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and nuclear factor-κB in human monocytic cells. Biochimie 2015; 119:52-9. [PMID: 26455269 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The compound 6-O-veratroyl catalpol (6-O) is a bioactive iridoid glucoside that was originally isolated from Pseudolysimachion rotundum var. subintegrum. It has been demonstrated that catapol derivative iridoid glucosides including 6-O, possess anti-inflammatory activity in carragenan-induced paw edema mouse model as well as bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of ovalbumin-induced mouse model. In the present study, we investigated whether 6-O modulates inflammatory responses in THP-1 monocytic cells stimulated with phorbol12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). Our data showed that 6-O inhibited PMA induced interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression in THP-1 monocytic cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that 6-O suppressed the activity of protein kinase C (PKC), which further resulted in downstream inactivation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inflammatory pathway. The results implied that 6-O may protect against inflammatory responses that could be a potential compound in treating inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Quan Le
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Immunobiochemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Sub Kim
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Immunobiochemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Song
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Immunobiochemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Won Ryu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Young Yoon
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Immunobiochemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
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Witte S, O'Shea JJ, Vahedi G. Super-enhancers: Asset management in immune cell genomes. Trends Immunol 2015; 36:519-26. [PMID: 26277449 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Super-enhancers (SEs) are regions of the genome consisting of clusters of regulatory elements bound with very high amounts of transcription factors, and this architecture appears to be the hallmark of genes and noncoding RNAs linked with cell identity. Recent studies have identified SEs in CD4(+) T cells and have further linked these regions to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with immune-mediated disorders, pointing to an important role for these structures in the T cell differentiation and function. Here we review the features that define SEs, and discuss their function within the broader understanding of the mechanisms that define immune cell identity and function. We propose that SEs present crucial regulatory hubs, coordinating intrinsic and extrinsic differentiation signals, and argue that delineating these regions will provide important insight into the factors and mechanisms that define immune cell identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Witte
- Lymphocyte Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John J O'Shea
- Lymphocyte Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Golnaz Vahedi
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Zhang Y, Wang L, Bai L, Jiang R, Guo L, Wu J, Cheng G, Zhang R, Li Y. Effect of ebosin on modulating interleukin-1β-induced inflammatory responses in rat fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Cell Mol Immunol 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/cmi20150.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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35
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Zhang Y, Wang L, Bai L, Jiang R, Guo L, Wu J, Cheng G, Zhang R, Li Y. Effect of ebosin on modulating interleukin-1β-induced inflammatory responses in rat fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Cell Mol Immunol 2015; 13:584-592. [PMID: 25938977 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2015.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The interleukin-1β-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-κB signaling pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Ebosin, a novel exopolysaccharide (EPS), exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in rat collagen-induced arthritis by suppressing the production of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of ebosin on NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways mediated through interleukin-1β in rat fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs). Western blotting showed decreased production of phosphorylated p38, JNK1, JNK2, IKKα, IKKβ and IκB in the cytoplasm and NF-κB in the nucleus upon ebosin treatment. The DNA-binding activity of NF-κB in the cell nucleus was also inhibited by ebosin treatment, as demonstrated using an electrophoresis mobility gel shift assay. Analysis of the results of the immunofluorescence assay also showed a reduced amount of NF-κB in the nucleus of cells affected by ebosin. These results provided evidence for the effects of ebosin on both interleukin-1β-mediated MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in rat FLSs. In addition, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated that ebosin reduces the levels of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-1 and MMP-3 and the chemokines, interleukin-8 and RANTES. Thus, the results of the present study provide further evidence for understanding the medicinal activity of ebosin at a molecular level, therefore nominating this EPS as a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of rheumatic arthritis.Cellular & Molecular Immunology advance online publication, 4 May 2015; doi:10.1038/cmi.2015.36.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Ministry of Health, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lifei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Ministry of Health, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Liping Bai
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Ministry of Health, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Rong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Ministry of Health, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lianhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Ministry of Health, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Ministry of Health, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guifang Cheng
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ren Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Ministry of Health, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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36
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Zhang Y, Wang L, Bai L, Jiang R, Guo L, Wu J, Cheng G, Zhang R, Li Y. Effect of ebosin on modulating interleukin-1β-induced inflammatory responses in rat fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Cell Mol Immunol 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/cmi2015.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Seok J, Davis RW, Xiao W. A hybrid approach of gene sets and single genes for the prediction of survival risks with gene expression data. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122103. [PMID: 25933378 PMCID: PMC4416884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulated biological knowledge is often encoded as gene sets, collections of genes associated with similar biological functions or pathways. The use of gene sets in the analyses of high-throughput gene expression data has been intensively studied and applied in clinical research. However, the main interest remains in finding modules of biological knowledge, or corresponding gene sets, significantly associated with disease conditions. Risk prediction from censored survival times using gene sets hasn’t been well studied. In this work, we propose a hybrid method that uses both single gene and gene set information together to predict patient survival risks from gene expression profiles. In the proposed method, gene sets provide context-level information that is poorly reflected by single genes. Complementarily, single genes help to supplement incomplete information of gene sets due to our imperfect biomedical knowledge. Through the tests over multiple data sets of cancer and trauma injury, the proposed method showed robust and improved performance compared with the conventional approaches with only single genes or gene sets solely. Additionally, we examined the prediction result in the trauma injury data, and showed that the modules of biological knowledge used in the prediction by the proposed method were highly interpretable in biology. A wide range of survival prediction problems in clinical genomics is expected to benefit from the use of biological knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhee Seok
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (JS); (WX)
| | - Ronald W. Davis
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Wenzhong Xiao
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JS); (WX)
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Efficient multiple-trait association and estimation of genetic correlation using the matrix-variate linear mixed model. Genetics 2015; 200:59-68. [PMID: 25724382 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.114.171447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple-trait association mapping, in which multiple traits are used simultaneously in the identification of genetic variants affecting those traits, has recently attracted interest. One class of approaches for this problem builds on classical variance component methodology, utilizing a multitrait version of a linear mixed model. These approaches both increase power and provide insights into the genetic architecture of multiple traits. In particular, it is possible to estimate the genetic correlation, which is a measure of the portion of the total correlation between traits that is due to additive genetic effects. Unfortunately, the practical utility of these methods is limited since they are computationally intractable for large sample sizes. In this article, we introduce a reformulation of the multiple-trait association mapping approach by defining the matrix-variate linear mixed model. Our approach reduces the computational time necessary to perform maximum-likelihood inference in a multiple-trait model by utilizing a data transformation. By utilizing a well-studied human cohort, we show that our approach provides more than a 10-fold speedup, making multiple-trait association feasible in a large population cohort on the genome-wide scale. We take advantage of the efficiency of our approach to analyze gene expression data. By decomposing gene coexpression into a genetic and environmental component, we show that our method provides fundamental insights into the nature of coexpressed genes. An implementation of this method is available at http://genetics.cs.ucla.edu/mvLMM.
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Espinoza A, Morales S, Arredondo M. Effects of acute dietary iron overload in pigs (Sus scrofa) with induced type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 158:342-52. [PMID: 24699828 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-9944-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported an association between high iron (Fe) levels and elevated risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). It is believed that the formation of Fe-catalyzed hydroxyl radicals may contribute to the development of diabetes. Our goal was to determine the effect of a diet with a high Fe content on type 2 diabetic pigs. Four groups of piglets were studied: (1) control group, basal diet; (2) Fe group, basal diet with 3,000 ppm ferrous sulfate; (3) diabetic group (streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes) with basal diet; (4) diabetic/Fe group, diabetic animals/3,000 ppm ferrous sulfate. For 2 months, biochemical and hematological parameters were evaluated. Tissue samples of liver and duodenum were obtained to determine mRNA relative abundance of DMT1, ferroportin (Fpn), ferritin (Fn), hepcidin (Hpc), and transferrin receptor by qRT-PCR. Fe group presented increased levels of hematological (erythrocytes, hematocrit, and hemoglobin) and iron parameters. Diabetic/Fe group showed similar behavior as Fe group but in lesser extent. The relative abundance of different genes in the four study groups yielded a different expression pattern. DMT1 showed a lower expression in the two iron groups compared with control and diabetic animals, and Hpc showed an increased on its expression in Fe and diabetic/Fe groups. Diabetic/Fe group presents greater expression of Fn and Fpn. These results suggest that there is an interaction between Fe nutrition, inflammation, and oxidative stress in the diabetes development.
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MESH Headings
- Analysis of Variance
- Animals
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- C-Reactive Protein/metabolism
- Cation Transport Proteins/genetics
- Cholesterol/blood
- Cholesterol, LDL/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diet
- Duodenum/drug effects
- Duodenum/metabolism
- Ferritins/genetics
- Ferrous Compounds/administration & dosage
- Ferrous Compounds/metabolism
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Hepcidins/genetics
- Iron Overload/metabolism
- Iron Overload/physiopathology
- Iron, Dietary/administration & dosage
- Iron, Dietary/metabolism
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/metabolism
- Male
- Receptors, Transferrin/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sus scrofa
- Time Factors
- Triglycerides/blood
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Affiliation(s)
- A Espinoza
- Micronutrient laboratory, Nutrition Institute and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, El Líbano 5524, Macul, Santiago, Chile
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Hadd AG, Brown JT, Andruss BF, Ye F, WalkerPeach CR. Adoption of array technologies into the clinical laboratory. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 5:409-20. [PMID: 15934817 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.5.3.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Array-based methods are making substantial contributions to the discovery of disease biomarkers and are fueling the growth of multianalyte testing for disease diagnosis and treatment. The distillation of high-density array results into sets of signature markers promises to improve disease staging, risk stratification and treatment decisions. To accommodate the growing requirement for multiplex testing, clinical laboratories are converting several single-analyte tests into array-based formats. However, adoption of array technologies provides several challenges to the laboratory, which must evaluate these new formats, train laboratory personnel, market the new services and obtain reimbursement for new analytes. Liquid-bead arrays are an attractive format for routine clinical diagnostics due to a combination of appropriate analyte density, simultaneous array decoding and detection, and flexibility for rapid customization. In this review, the suitability of several array platforms to diagnostic testing and applications of liquid-bead arrays for cystic fibrosis testing, multidisease carrier status assays and leukemia subtyping are discussed. As our understanding of the clinical utility of new or established biomarkers and recommendations for testing change, flexibility and adaptability of array platforms will be imperative. Future development of novel assay formats and improved quantitation will expand the number of diseases tested and lead to further integration into the diagnostic laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Hadd
- Ambion Diagnostics, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744, USA.
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41
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Network analysis reveals functional cross-links between disease and inflammation genes. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3426. [PMID: 24305783 PMCID: PMC3851881 DOI: 10.1038/srep03426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Connections between inflammation and diseases are suggested important in understanding the genetic mechanisms of diseases. However, studies on the functional cross-links between inflammation and disease genes are still in their early stages. We integrated the protein–protein interaction (PPI), inflammation genes, and gene–disease associations to construct a disease-inflammation network (DIN). We found that nodes, which are both inflammation and disease genes (namely inter-genes), are topologically important in the DIN structure. Via mapping inter-genes to PPI, we classified diseases into two categories, which are significantly different in Intimacy measuring the contribution of inflammation genes to the connections between disease pairs. Furthermore, we constructed a cross-talking subpathways network. As indicated, the cross-subpathway analysis shows great performance in capturing higher-level relationship among inflammation and disease processes. Collectively, The network-based analysis provides us a rather promising insight into the intricate relationship between inflammation and disease genes.
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Penicillinolide A: a new anti-inflammatory metabolite from the marine fungus Penicillium sp. SF-5292. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:4510-26. [PMID: 24225730 PMCID: PMC3853742 DOI: 10.3390/md11114510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the course of studies on bioactive metabolites from marine fungi, a new 10-membered lactone, named penicillinolide A (1) was isolated from the organic extract of Penicillium sp. SF-5292 as a potential anti-inflammatory compound. The structure of penicillinolide A (1) was mainly determined by analysis of NMR and MS data and Mosher’s method. Penicillinolide A (1) inhibited the production of NO and PGE2 due to inhibition of the expression of iNOS and COX-2. Penicillinolide A (1) also reduced TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 production, and these anti-inflammatory effects were shown to be correlated with the suppression of the phosphorylation and degradation of IκB-α, NF-κB nuclear translocation, and NF-κB DNA binding activity. In addition, using inhibitor tin protoporphyrin (SnPP), a competitive inhibitor of HO activity, it was verified that the inhibitory effects of compound 1 on the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and NF-κB DNA binding activity were partially associated with HO-1 expression through Nrf2 nuclear translocation.
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Kim KS, Lee DS, Bae GS, Park SJ, Kang DG, Lee HS, Oh H, Kim YC. The inhibition of JNK MAPK and NF-κB signaling by tenuifoliside A isolated from Polygala tenuifolia in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophages is associated with its anti-inflammatory effect. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 721:267-76. [PMID: 24076326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. (Polygalaceae) is well known for its use in the treatment of neurasthenia, amnesia, and inflammation. In this study, we isolated phenyl propanoid type metabolite tenuifoliside A, one of the phenylpropanoids from P. tenuifolia, and investigated its anti-inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 and murine peritoneal macrophages. The results showed that tenuifoliside A inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), prostaglandin E2 (PG E2), and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. In addition, tenuifoliside A suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β. We also evaluated the effects of tenuifoliside A on the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB). Tenuifoliside A inhibited the translocation of the NF-κB subunit p65 into the nucleus by interrupting the phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor kappa B (IκB)-α in LPS-stimulated murine peritoneal macrophages. Moreover, we confirmed that the suppression of the inflammatory process by tenuifoliside A was mediated through the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathway based on the fact that tenuifoliside A significantly decreased p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) protein expression in LPS-stimulated murine peritoneal macrophages. Taken together, the anti-inflammatory effects of tenuifoliside A were mediated by the inhibition of the NF-κB and MAPK pathways. This study is the first report on the anti-inflammatory effects of tenuifoliside A, and the strong anti-inflammatory effects of tenuifoliside A provide potential compound to be developed as therapeutic for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Su Kim
- Standardized Material Bank for New Botanical Drugs, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea
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FUKUDA KOJI, MIURA YASUSHI, MAEDA TOSHIHISA, TAKAHASHI MASAYASU, HAYASHI SHINYA, KUROSAKA MASAHIRO. Decoy receptor 3 regulates the expression of various genes in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts. Int J Mol Med 2013; 32:910-6. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Miao YL, Xiao YL, Du Y, Duan LP. Gene expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of ulcerative colitis patients. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:3339-46. [PMID: 23745037 PMCID: PMC3671087 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i21.3339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To identify peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) gene expression profiles of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, using oligonucleotide microarrays, to gain insights into UC molecular mechanisms. METHODS The Human OneArray microarrays were used for a complete genome-wide transcript profiling of PBMCs from 12 UC patients and 6 controls. Differential analysis per gene was performed with a random variance model; t test and P values were adjusted to control the false discovery rate (5%). Gene ontology (GO) was deployed to analyze differentially expressed genes at significant levels between patients and controls to identify the biological processes involved in UC. RESULTS Comparative analysis revealed that 4438 probes (4188 genes) were differentially expressed between the two groups, of which 3689 probes (3590 genes) were down-regulated whereas 749 probes (598 genes) were up-regulated. Many disregulated genes in our data have been reported by previous microarray studies carried out on intestinal mucosa samples, such as S100A8, CEACAM1 and S100A9. GO enrichment analysis revealed 67 high enrichment up-regulated categories and one significant down-regulated category. The up-regulated genes were mainly involved in immune and inflammatory response, cell cycle and proliferation, DNA metabolism and repair. CONCLUSION Gene expression profiling of PBMCs from patients with UC has highlighted several novel gene categories that could contribute to the pathogenesis of UC.
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46
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Ashwell MS, Gonda MG, Gray K, Maltecca C, O'Nan AT, Cassady JP, Mente PL. Changes in chondrocyte gene expression following in vitro impaction of porcine articular cartilage in an impact injury model. J Orthop Res 2013; 31:385-91. [PMID: 23027577 PMCID: PMC3553272 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Our objective was to monitor chondrocyte gene expression at 0, 3, 7, and 14 days following in vitro impaction to the articular surface of porcine patellae. Patellar facets were either axially impacted with a cylindrical impactor (25 mm/s loading rate) to a load level of 2,000 N or not impacted to serve as controls. After being placed in organ culture for 0, 3, 7, or 14 days, total RNA was isolated from full thickness cartilage slices and gene expression measured for 17 genes by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Targeted genes included those encoding proteins involved with biological stress, inflammation, or anabolism and catabolism of cartilage extracellular matrix. Some gene expression changes were detected on the day of impaction, but most significant changes occurred at 14 days in culture. At 14 days in culture, 10 of the 17 genes were differentially expressed with col1a1 most significantly up-regulated in the impacted samples, suggesting impacted chondrocytes may have reverted to a fibroblast-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa S. Ashwell
- Animal Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Michael G. Gonda
- Animal Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Kent Gray
- Animal Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Christian Maltecca
- Animal Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Audrey T. O'Nan
- Animal Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Joseph P. Cassady
- Animal Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Peter L. Mente
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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47
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Granlund AVB, Flatberg A, Østvik AE, Drozdov I, Gustafsson BI, Kidd M, Beisvag V, Torp SH, Waldum HL, Martinsen TC, Damås JK, Espevik T, Sandvik AK. Whole genome gene expression meta-analysis of inflammatory bowel disease colon mucosa demonstrates lack of major differences between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56818. [PMID: 23468882 PMCID: PMC3572080 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), genetic susceptibility together with environmental factors disturbs gut homeostasis producing chronic inflammation. The two main IBD subtypes are Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). We present the to-date largest microarray gene expression study on IBD encompassing both inflamed and un-inflamed colonic tissue. A meta-analysis including all available, comparable data was used to explore important aspects of IBD inflammation, thereby validating consistent gene expression patterns. Methods Colon pinch biopsies from IBD patients were analysed using Illumina whole genome gene expression technology. Differential expression (DE) was identified using LIMMA linear model in the R statistical computing environment. Results were enriched for gene ontology (GO) categories. Sets of genes encoding antimicrobial proteins (AMP) and proteins involved in T helper (Th) cell differentiation were used in the interpretation of the results. All available data sets were analysed using the same methods, and results were compared on a global and focused level as t-scores. Results Gene expression in inflamed mucosa from UC and CD are remarkably similar. The meta-analysis confirmed this. The patterns of AMP and Th cell-related gene expression were also very similar, except for IL23A which was consistently higher expressed in UC than in CD. Un-inflamed tissue from patients demonstrated minimal differences from healthy controls. Conclusions There is no difference in the Th subgroup involvement between UC and CD. Th1/Th17 related expression, with little Th2 differentiation, dominated both diseases. The different IL23A expression between UC and CD suggests an IBD subtype specific role. AMPs, previously little studied, are strongly overexpressed in IBD. The presented meta-analysis provides a sound background for further research on IBD pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atle van Beelen Granlund
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arnar Flatberg
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ann E. Østvik
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Bjørn I. Gustafsson
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mark Kidd
- Department of Surgery, Section of Gastroenterology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Vidar Beisvag
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sverre H. Torp
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Pathology, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Helge L. Waldum
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tom Christian Martinsen
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan Kristian Damås
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Terje Espevik
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arne K. Sandvik
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- * E-mail:
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Kobayashi T, Mitsuyama K, Yamasaki H, Masuda J, Takedatsu H, Kuwaki K, Yoshioka S, Nagayama K, Sata M. Microarray analyses of peripheral whole blood cells from ulcerative colitis patients: effects of leukocytapheresis. Int J Mol Med 2013; 31:789-96. [PMID: 23403617 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Complementary DNA microarray technology allows the simultaneous analysis of the expression of hundreds to thousands of genes. We applied this technique to clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of leukocytapheresis (LCAP) therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). A 776-gene microarray analysis was performed using whole blood cells from six normal subjects and six patients with active UC who had undergone filtration LCAP. Widespread gene upregulation was observed in patients with UC, compared with normal subjects. After LCAP, genes with proinflammatory actions, such as CD97, CD74, human leukocyte antigen-DRβ1 and -DP light chain, were downregulated, while genes responsible for antimicrobial actions, such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and acute phase reactions, such as haptoglobin α1S and α1-acid glycoprotein, were upregulated. In conclusion, we identified several genes expressed in the whole blood cells of UC patients as well as the transcriptional events following LCAP. Following LCAP, the gene profile shifted toward a pattern indicating disease improvement. These results suggest a basis for the molecular mechanisms leading to the therapeutic effects of LCAP and also indicate new therapeutic targets, providing important prognostic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teppei Kobayashi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
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Zhu ZG, Jin H, Yu PJ, Tian YX, Zhang JJ, Wu SG. Mollugin inhibits the inflammatory response in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages by blocking the Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription signaling pathway. Biol Pharm Bull 2013; 36:399-406. [PMID: 23318249 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b12-00804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mollugin, a kind of naphthohydroquinone, is a major constituent isolated from Rubia cordifolia L. and demonstrated to possess anti-inflammatory activity in recent reports. However, the effects and mechanism of action of mollugin in inflammation have not been fully defined. The present study was therefore designed to investigate whether mollugin suppresses the inflammatory response in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Mollugin attenuated the LPS-induced expression of nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 but augmented the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Mollugin did not inhibit the degradation of inhibitory kappa B (IκB)-α or the nuclear translocation of p65 nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) but rather enhanced the phosphorylation of p65 subunits evoked by LPS. Mollugin did not inhibit the phosphorylation of extracellular-signal-related kinase (ERK) 1/2, p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2 either. Mollugin significantly reduced the LPS-mediated phosphorylation of Janus kinase (JAK) 2, signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) 1 and STAT3. Molecular docking analysis showed that mollugin binds to JAK2 in a manner similar to that of AG490, a specific JAK2 inhibitor. We conclude that mollugin may be a JAK2 inhibitor and inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory responses by blocking the activation of the JAK-STAT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Guang Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Yoo MS, Shin JS, Choi HE, Cho YW, Bang MH, Baek NI, Lee KT. Fucosterol isolated from Undaria pinnatifida inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced production of nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines via the inactivation of nuclear factor-κB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in RAW264.7 macrophages. Food Chem 2012; 135:967-75. [PMID: 22953812 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that fucosterol has anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, and anti-osteoporotic effects. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effects and the underlying molecular mechanism of fucosterol in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Fucosterol suppressed the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by downregulating their transcriptions, and subsequently inhibited the productions of nitric oxide, TNF-α, and IL-6. In addition, fucosterol attenuated LPS-induced DNA binding and the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). These reductions were accompanied by parallel reductions in the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Furthermore, fucosterol attenuated the phosphorylations of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases 3/6 (MKK3/6) and mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2), which are both involved in the p38 MAPK pathway. These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of fucosterol are associated with the suppression of the NF-κB and p38 MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Sang Yoo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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