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Chae HB, Jung YJ, Paeng SK, Jung HS, Lee SY, Lee JR. Functional changes of OsTrxm from reductase to molecular chaperone under heat shock stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108005. [PMID: 37776672 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitous disulfide reductases, thioredoxins (Trxs), function in the redox balance of all living organisms. Although the roles of the rice (Oryza sativa) Trx m-type isoform (OsTrxm) in chloroplast development have been already published, biochemical and molecular functions of OsTrxm remain to be elucidated for decades. The OsTrxm and its two conserved active cysteine mutant (OsTrxm C95S/C98S, referred to as OsTrxmC/S) proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana were overexpressed to characterize in vivo roles of active cysteines of OsTrxm. Interestingly, the OsTrxm overexpressed variant plants were resistant to heat shock treatment. Especially OsTrxmC/S with higher molecular weight (HMW) complexes showed higher heat tolerance than OsTrxm with lower molecular weight (LMW) structure in Arabidopsis thaliana. To confirm the importance of active cysteines on structural changes under heat stress, OsTrxm and OsTrxmC/S proteins were bacterially expressed and isolated. This study found that two proteins have various structures ranging from LMW to HMW complexes and have potential functions as a disulfide reductase and a molecular chaperone, which has never been reported anywhere. The function of molecular chaperone predominated in the HMW complexes, whereas the disulfide reductase function was observed in LMW forms. These results suggest that the active cysteines of OsTrxm play a critical role in protein structural change as well as heat tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Byoung Chae
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21(+)), PMBBRC, and Plant Biological Rhythm Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Young Jun Jung
- National Institute of Ecology, 1210 Geumgang-ro, Maseo-myeon, Seocheon-gun, 33657, Republic of Korea
| | - Seol Ki Paeng
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21(+)), PMBBRC, and Plant Biological Rhythm Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21(+)), PMBBRC, and Plant Biological Rhythm Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Jung Ro Lee
- National Institute of Ecology, 1210 Geumgang-ro, Maseo-myeon, Seocheon-gun, 33657, Republic of Korea.
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Park JH, Lee ES, Jung YJ. Functional characterization of the DNA-binding protein from starved cells (DPS) as a molecular chaperone under heat stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 667:180-185. [PMID: 37229826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The DNA-binding protein from starved cells, known as DPS, has been characterized as a crucial factor in protecting E. coli from external stresses. The DPS functions in various cellular processes, including protein-DNA binding, ferroxidase activity, compaction of chromosome and regulation of stress resistance gene expression. DPS proteins exist as oligomeric complexes; however, the specific biochemical activity of oligomeric DPS in conferring heat shock tolerance has not been fully understood. Therefore, we investigated the novel functional role of DPS under heat shock. To elucidate the functional role of DPS under heat shock conditions, we purified recombinant GST-DPS protein and demonstrated its thermostability and existence in its highly oligomeric form. Furthermore, we discovered that the hydrophobic region of GST-DPS influenced the formation of oligomers, which exhibited molecular chaperone activity, thereby preventing the aggregation of substrate proteins. Collectively, our findings highlight the novel functional role of DPS, as a molecular chaperone and may confer thermotolerance to E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joung Hun Park
- Division of Ecological Safety, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Seon Lee
- Division of Ecological Safety, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jun Jung
- Division of Ecological Safety, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Republic of Korea.
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Sriwastaw S, Rai R, Raj A, Kesari V, Rai LC. All3048, a DnaJ III homolog of Anabaena sp. PCC7120 mediates heat shock response in E. coli and its N-terminus J-domain stimulates DnaK ATPase activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123563. [PMID: 36746302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial DnaJ offers thermo-tolerance and effectively prevents aggregation of denatured protein in coordination with DnaK. The hypothetical protein All3048 of Anabaena sp. PCC7120 was found to be a 24 kDa DnaJ III protein with a putative J-domain at the extreme N-terminus. This paper decodes the role of All3048 in thermo-tolerance and as a co-chaperon of DnaK. Semi-quantitative and RT-PCR results showed up-accumulation of all3048 in heat, UV-B, cadmium, arsenic and salt. BL21/pET-28a-all3048, all3048(1-95) and all3048(31-128) reduced the heat stress-induced ROS generation by 40 %, 21 % and 24 % as compared to BL21/pET-28-a. Conformational properties of All3048 and its truncated variants were assessed using bis ANS, guanidine hydrochloride and acrylamide quenching. All3048(1-95), All3048 and All3048(31-128) increased DnaK ATPase activity by 8.6, 8.2, and 2.5 fold, respectively. The thermostability investigated using DSC and DSF methods affirmed the relative stability of All3048 and All3048 (31-128), whereas All3048 (1-95) was the least stable. All3048 is a novel cyanobacterial DnaJ III that imparts heat stress tolerance in E. coli; however, only the J-domain present at N-terminus was sufficient for stimulating DnaK's ATPase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Sriwastaw
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ruchi Rai
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Alka Raj
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Vigya Kesari
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - L C Rai
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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Characterization of AtBAG2 as a Novel Molecular Chaperone. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030687. [PMID: 36983842 PMCID: PMC10052705 DOI: 10.3390/life13030687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bcl-2-associated anthanogene (BAG) family proteins regulate plant defense against biotic and abiotic stresses; however, the function and precise mechanism of action of each individual BAG protein are not yet clear. In this study, we investigated the biochemical and molecular functions of the Arabidopsis thaliana BAG2 (AtBAG2) protein, and elucidated its physiological role under stress conditions using mutant plants and transgenic yeast strains. The T-DNA insertion atbag2 mutant plants were highly susceptible to heat shock, whereas transgenic yeast strains ectopically expressing AtBAG2 exhibited outstanding thermotolerance. Moreover, a biochemical analysis of GST-fused recombinant proteins produced in bacteria revealed that AtBAG2 exhibits molecular chaperone activity, which could be attributed to its BAG domain. The relevance of the molecular chaperone function of AtBAG2 to the cellular heat stress response was confirmed using yeast transformants, and the experimental results showed that overexpression of the AtBAG2 sequence encoding only the BAG domain was sufficient to impart thermotolerance. Overall, these results suggest that the BAG domain-dependent molecular chaperone activity of AtBAG2 is indispensable for the heat stress response of Arabidopsis. This is the first report demonstrating the role of AtBAG2 as a sole molecular chaperone in Arabidopsis.
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Son H, Jung YJ, Park SC, Kim IR, Park JH, Jang MK, Lee JR. Functional Characterization of an Arabidopsis Profilin Protein as a Molecular Chaperone under Heat Shock Stress. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185771. [PMID: 36144503 PMCID: PMC9504416 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Profilins (PFNs) are actin monomer-binding proteins that function as antimicrobial agents in plant phloem sap. Although the roles of Arabidopsis thaliana profilin protein isoforms (AtPFNs) in regulating actin polymerization have already been described, their biochemical and molecular functions remain to be elucidated. Interestingly, a previous study indicated that AtPFN2 with high molecular weight (HMW) complexes showed lower antifungal activity than AtPFN1 with low molecular weight (LMW). These were bacterially expressed and purified to characterize the unknown functions of AtPFNs with different structures. In this study, we found that AtPFN1 and AtPFN2 proteins have LMW and HMW structures, respectively, but only AtPFN2 has a potential function as a molecular chaperone, which has never been reported elsewhere. AtPFN2 has better protein stability than AtPFN1 due to its higher molecular weight under heat shock conditions. The function of AtPFN2 as a holdase chaperone predominated in the HMW complexes, whereas the chaperone function of AtPFN1 was not observed in the LMW forms. These results suggest that AtPFN2 plays a critical role in plant tolerance by increasing hydrophobicity due to external heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyosuk Son
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 38286, Korea
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Korea
| | - Young Jun Jung
- National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 33657, Korea
| | - Seong-Cheol Park
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 38286, Korea
| | - Il Ryong Kim
- National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 33657, Korea
| | - Joung Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+) and PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Mi-Kyeong Jang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 38286, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-K.J.); (J.R.L.); Tel.: +82-62-750-3567 (M.-K.J.); +82-41-950-5820 (J.R.L.)
| | - Jung Ro Lee
- National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 33657, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-K.J.); (J.R.L.); Tel.: +82-62-750-3567 (M.-K.J.); +82-41-950-5820 (J.R.L.)
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Li H, Yu Y, Ruan M, Jiao F, Chen H, Gao J, Weng Y, Bao Y. The mechanism for thermal-enhanced chaperone-like activity of α-crystallin against UV irradiation-induced aggregation of γD-crystallin. Biophys J 2022; 121:2233-2250. [PMID: 35619565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to solar UV irradiation damages γ-crystallin, leading to cataract formation via aggregation. α-Crystallin, as a small heat-shock protein (sHsps), efficiently suppresses this irreversible aggregation by selectively binding the denatured γ-crystallin monomer. In this study, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to evaluate UV-325 nm irradiation-induced photodamage of human γD-crystallin in the presence of bovine α-crystallin, atomic force microscope (AFM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques were used to detect the quaternary structure changes of α-crystallin oligomer, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and temperature-jump (T-jump) nanosecond time-resolved IR absorbance difference spectroscopy were used to probe the secondary structure changes of bovine α-crystallin. We find that the thermal-induced subunit dissociation of α-crystallin oligomer involves the breaking of hydrogen bonds at the dimeric interface, leading to three different spectral components at varied temperature regions as resolved from temperature-dependent IR spectra. Under UV-325 nm irradiation, unfolded γD-crystallin binds to the dissociated α-crystallin subunit to form αγ-complex, then follows the reassociation of αγ-complex to the partially dissociated α-crystallin oligomer. This prevents the aggregation of denatured γD-crystallin. The formation of the γD-bound α-crystallin oligomer is further confirmed by AFM and DLS analysis, which reveals an obvious size expansion in the reassociated αγ-oligomers. In addition, UV-325 nm irradiation causes a peptide bond cleavage of γD-crystallin at Ala158 in presence of α-crystallin. Our results suggest a very effective protection mechanism for subunits dissociated from α-crystallin oligomers against UV irradiation-induced aggregation of γD-crystallin, at an expense of a loss of a short C-terminal peptide in γD-crystallin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Beijing University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Systems and Physical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Meixia Ruan
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Jiao
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hailong Chen
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Gao
- College of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Beijing University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Systems and Physical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuxiang Weng
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongzhen Bao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
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Kozeleková A, Náplavová A, Brom T, Gašparik N, Šimek J, Houser J, Hritz J. Phosphorylated and Phosphomimicking Variants May Differ—A Case Study of 14-3-3 Protein. Front Chem 2022; 10:835733. [PMID: 35321476 PMCID: PMC8935074 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.835733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation is a critical mechanism that biology uses to govern cellular processes. To study the impact of phosphorylation on protein properties, a fully and specifically phosphorylated sample is required although not always achievable. Commonly, this issue is overcome by installing phosphomimicking mutations at the desired site of phosphorylation. 14-3-3 proteins are regulatory protein hubs that interact with hundreds of phosphorylated proteins and modulate their structure and activity. 14-3-3 protein function relies on its dimeric nature, which is controlled by Ser58 phosphorylation. However, incomplete Ser58 phosphorylation has obstructed the detailed study of its effect so far. In the present study, we describe the full and specific phosphorylation of 14-3-3ζ protein at Ser58 and we compare its characteristics with phosphomimicking mutants that have been used in the past (S58E/D). Our results show that in case of the 14-3-3 proteins, phosphomimicking mutations are not a sufficient replacement for phosphorylation. At physiological concentrations of 14-3-3ζ protein, the dimer-monomer equilibrium of phosphorylated protein is much more shifted towards monomers than that of the phosphomimicking mutants. The oligomeric state also influences protein properties such as thermodynamic stability and hydrophobicity. Moreover, phosphorylation changes the localization of 14-3-3ζ in HeLa and U251 human cancer cells. In summary, our study highlights that phosphomimicking mutations may not faithfully represent the effects of phosphorylation on the protein structure and function and that their use should be justified by comparing to the genuinely phosphorylated counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Kozeleková
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | | | - Tomáš Brom
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Norbert Gašparik
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jan Šimek
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Josef Houser
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jozef Hritz
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Jozef Hritz,
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AtTPR10 Containing Multiple ANK and TPR Domains Exhibits Chaperone Activity and Heat-Shock Dependent Structural Switching. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10041265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Among the several tetratricopeptide (TPR) repeat-containing proteins encoded by the Arabidopsis thaliana genome, AtTPR10 exhibits an atypical structure with three TPR domain repeats at the C-terminus in addition to seven ankyrin (ANK) domain repeats at the N-terminus. However, the function of AtTPR10 remains elusive. Here, we investigated the biochemical function of AtTPR10. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that AtTPR10 expression is highly enhanced by heat shock compared with the other abiotic stresses, suggesting that AtTPR10 functions as a molecular chaperone to protect intracellular proteins from thermal stresses. Under the heat shock treatment, the chaperone activity of AtTPR10 increased significantly; this was accompanied by a structural switch from the low molecular weight (LMW) protein to a high molecular weight (HMW) complex. Analysis of two truncated fragments of AtTPR10 containing the TPR and ANK repeats showed that each domain exhibits a similar range of chaperone activity (approximately one-third of that of the native protein), suggesting that each domain cooperatively regulates the chaperone function of AtTPR10. Additionally, both truncated fragments of AtTPR10 underwent structural reconfiguration to form heat shock-dependent HMW complexes. Our results clearly demonstrate that AtTPR10 functions as a molecular chaperone in plants to protect intracellular targets from heat shock stress.
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Mitra M, Agarwal P, Kundu A, Banerjee V, Roy S. Investigation of the effect of UV-B light on Arabidopsis MYB4 (AtMYB4) transcription factor stability and detection of a putative MYB4-binding motif in the promoter proximal region of AtMYB4. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220123. [PMID: 31393961 PMCID: PMC6687144 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we have investigated the possible effect of UV-B light on the folding/unfolding properties and stability of Arabidopsis thaliana MYB4 (AtMYB4) transcription factor in vitro by using biophysical approaches. Urea-induced equilibrium unfolding analyses have shown relatively higher stability of the wild-type recombinant AtMYB4 protein than the N-terminal deletion forms after UV-B exposure. However, as compared to wild-type form, AtMYB4Δ2 protein, lacking both the two N-terminal MYB domains, showed appreciable alteration in the secondary structure following UV-B exposure. UV-B irradiated AtMYB4Δ2 also displayed higher propensity of aggregation in light scattering experiments, indicating importance of the N-terminal modules in regulating the stability of AtMYB4 under UV-B stress. DNA binding assays have indicated specific binding activity of AtMYB4 to a putative MYB4 binding motif located about 212 bp upstream relative to transcription start site of AtMYB4 gene promoter, while relatively weak DNA binding activity was detected for another putative MYB4 motif located at -908 bp in AtMYB4 promoter. Gel shift and fluorescence anisotropy studies have shown increased binding affinity of UV-B exposed AtMYB4 to the promoter proximal MYB4 motif. ChIP assay has revealed binding of AtMYB4 to the promoter proximal (-212 position) MYB4 motif (ACCAAAC) in vivo. Docking experiments further revealed mechanistic detail of AtMYB4 interaction with the putative binding motifs. Overall, our results have indicated that the N-terminal 62-116 amino acid residues constituting the second MYB domain plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the C-terminal region and the overall stability of the protein, while a promoter proximal MYB-motif in AtMYB4 promoter may involve in the regulation of its own expression under UV-B light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehali Mitra
- Department of Botany, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Puja Agarwal
- Department of Botany, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Anurima Kundu
- Department of Botany, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Victor Banerjee
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Sujit Roy
- Department of Botany, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
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Karmakar S, Biswas S, Das KP, Tripathy U. Surface plasmon resonance study of the interaction of 4,4′-dianilino-1,1′-binaphthyl-5,5′-disulfonic acid dipotassium salt (bis-ANS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) with oligomeric recombinant human lens αA-crystallin. CAN J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2018-0412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
α-Crystallin, an abundant mammalian lens protein made up of two subunits (αA- and αB-crystallin), is involved in the maintenance of the optimal refractive index in the lens. The protein is implicated in the pathophysiology of a large number of retinal diseases including cataract, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and uveitis. α-Crystallin belongs to the small heat shock protein (sHSP) family, forms large oligomeric structures, and functions as a molecular chaperone appearing very early during embryonic development. To gain mechanistic insight into the structural and functional role of α-crystallin and its alterations in various retinal diseases, it is important to study the interaction chemistry with its known partners. The hydrophobic sites in α-crystallin have been studied extensively using environmentally sensitive fluorescent probes such as 4,4′-dianilino-1,1′-binaphthyl-5,5′-disulfonic acid dipotassium salt (bis-ANS) that interacts with both subunits of α-cystallin in 1:1 stoichiometry at 37 °C and diminishes the chaperone-like activity of the protein. Furthermore, it has been shown that ATP plays a crucial role in the association of α-crystallin with substrate proteins. We use surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to monitor the interactions of immobilized oligomeric recombinant αA subunit of human α-crystallin protein with bis-ANS and ATP. We assess the thermodynamic parameters and kinetics of such interactions at various temperatures. Our results indicate that bis-ANS binds to αA-crystallin with higher affinity when compared with ATP, although both αA-crystallin and αB-crystallin display fast interaction kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srabani Karmakar
- Department of Biotechnology, Techno India University, EM-4/1, Sector V, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700091, India
| | - Shrutidhara Biswas
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati-781029, India
| | - Kali P. Das
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bose Institute, 93/1 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata-700009, India
| | - Umakanta Tripathy
- Department of Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad-826004, India
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Exploring Novel Functions of the Small GTPase Ypt1p under Heat-Shock by Characterizing a Temperature-Sensitive Mutant Yeast Strain, ypt1-G80D. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20010132. [PMID: 30609659 PMCID: PMC6337079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, we found that Ypt1p, a Rab family small GTPase protein, exhibits a stress-driven structural and functional switch from a GTPase to a molecular chaperone, and mediates thermo tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In the current study, we focused on the temperature-sensitive ypt1-G80D mutant, and found that the mutant cells are highly sensitive to heat-shock, due to a deficiency in the chaperone function of Ypt1pG80D. This defect results from an inability of the protein to form high molecular weight polymers, even though it retains almost normal GTPase function. The heat-stress sensitivity of ypt1-G80D cells was partially recovered by treatment with 4-phenylbutyric acid, a chemical chaperone. These findings indicate that loss of the chaperone function of Ypt1pG80D underlies the heat sensitivity of ypt1-G80D cells. We also compared the proteomes of YPT1 (wild-type) and ypt1-G80D cells to investigate Ypt1p-controlled proteins under heat-stress conditions. Our findings suggest that Ypt1p controls an abundance of proteins involved in metabolism, protein synthesis, cellular energy generation, stress response, and DNA regulation. Finally, we suggest that Ypt1p essentially regulates fundamental cellular processes under heat-stress conditions by acting as a molecular chaperone.
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OCP-FRP protein complex topologies suggest a mechanism for controlling high light tolerance in cyanobacteria. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3869. [PMID: 30250028 PMCID: PMC6155142 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06195-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In cyanobacteria, high light photoactivates the orange carotenoid protein (OCP) that binds to antennae complexes, dissipating energy and preventing the destruction of the photosynthetic apparatus. At low light, OCP is efficiently deactivated by a poorly understood action of the dimeric fluorescence recovery protein (FRP). Here, we engineer FRP variants with defined oligomeric states and scrutinize their functional interaction with OCP. Complemented by disulfide trapping and chemical crosslinking, structural analysis in solution reveals the topology of metastable complexes of OCP and the FRP scaffold with different stoichiometries. Unable to tightly bind monomeric FRP, photoactivated OCP recruits dimeric FRP, which subsequently monomerizes giving 1:1 complexes. This could be facilitated by a transient OCP–2FRP–OCP complex formed via the two FRP head domains, significantly improving FRP efficiency at elevated OCP levels. By identifying key molecular interfaces, our findings may inspire the design of optically triggered systems transducing light signals into protein–protein interactions. Cyanobacterial photoprotection is controlled by OCP and FRP proteins, but their dynamic interplay is not fully understood. Here, the authors combine protein engineering, disulfide trapping and structural analyses to provide mechanistic insights into the transient OCP-FRP interaction.
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Phadte AS, Santhoshkumar P, Sharma KK. Characterization of an N-terminal mutant of αA-crystallin αA-R21Q associated with congenital cataract. Exp Eye Res 2018; 174:185-195. [PMID: 29782825 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Several mutations associated with congenital cataracts in human beings target conserved arginine residues in αA-crystallin. The N-terminal region of αA-crystallin is a "mutational hotspot," with multiple cataract-related mutations reported in this region. Two mutations at arginine 21 in the N-terminal domain of αA-crystallin - αA-R21L and αA-R21W have been associated with congenital cataract. A third mutant of R21, αA-R21Q, was recently identified to be associated with congenital cataract in a South Australian family. The point mutation was reported to compromise the quaternary structure of αA-crystallin by preventing its assembly into higher ordered oligomers. To assess the effect of the αA-R21Q mutation on αA-crystallin function, recombinant αA-R21Q was expressed, purified and characterized in vitro. Compared to wild-type αA-crystallin, the recombinant αA-R21Q exhibits enhanced chaperone-like activity, increased surface hydrophobicity, lesser stability in urea and increased susceptibility to digestion by trypsin. αA-R21Q demonstrated increased binding affinity towards unfolding ADH and bovine lens fiber cell membranes. αA-R21Q homo-oligomers and hetero-oligomers also prevented H2O2-induced apoptosis in ARPE-19 cells. Taken together, αA-R21Q exhibited a gain of function despite subtle structural differences as compared to wild-type αA-crystallin. This study further validates the involvement of arginine 21 in regulating αA-crystallin structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh S Phadte
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, United States; Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Puttur Santhoshkumar
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
| | - K Krishna Sharma
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, United States; Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States.
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14
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Dehvari M, Ghahghaei A. The effect of green synthesis silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Pulicaria undulata on the amyloid formation in α-lactalbumin and the chaperon action of α-casein. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 108:1128-1139. [PMID: 29225181 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The formation and deposition of protein fibrillar aggregates in the tissues is associated with several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Molecular chaperones are a family of proteins that are believed to have the ability to inhibit protein aggregation. The present study examines the effect of different concentrations of green synthesis silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Pulicaria undulata L. on the aggregation of α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and the chaperone action of αs-casein. The effects of the AgNPs were determined by measuring light scattering absorption, fluorescence (ThT assay, intrinsic fluorescence assay and ANS binding assay), TEM, CD spectroscopy and SDS-PAGE. The results showed that AgNPs have the ability to prevent the aggregation of α-LA in a concentration-dependent manner. In fact, by increasing the concentration of AgNPs within a specified range, the adsorption and interaction between AgNPs and protein have increased and protein conformational changes and self-association decreased, thus amyloid aggregation is prevented. Our results also showed that α-casein effectively prevented the aggregation of the α-lactalbumin which increased in the presence of the AgNPs. Standard experimental results, however, proved that nanoparticles had no effect on the structure and hence the chaperone ability of α-casein. Our findings showed that AgNPs can prevent protein aggregation and have no effect on the chaperone ability of αs-casein. In the main, results of this study show that biosynthesized AgNPs mediated by Pulicaria undulata L. has the capability in inhibiting amyloid fibril formation and thus could be consider as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of amyloidosis disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Dehvari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Arezou Ghahghaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
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Chowdhury A, Choudhury A, Chakraborty S, Ghosh A, Banerjee V, Ganguly S, Bhaduri G, Banerjee R, Das K, Chatterjee IB. p-Benzoquinone-induced aggregation and perturbation of structure and chaperone function of α-crystallin is a causative factor of cigarette smoke-related cataractogenesis. Toxicology 2017; 394:11-18. [PMID: 29196190 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a significant risk factor for cataract. However, the mechanism by which cigarette smoke (CS) causes cataract remains poorly understood. We had earlier shown that in CS-exposed guinea pig, p-benzoquinone (p-BQ) derived from CS in the lungs is carried by the circulatory system to distant organs and induces various smoke-related pathogeneses. Here, we observed that CS exposure caused accumulation of the p-BQ-protein adduct in the eye lens of guinea pigs. We also observed accumulation of the p-BQ-protein adduct in resected lens from human smokers with cataract. No such accumulation was observed in the lens of never smokers. p-BQ is a strong arylating agent that forms Michael adducts with serum albumin and haemoglobin resulting in alterations of structure and function. A major protein in the mammalian eye lens is αA-crystallin, which is a potent molecular chaperone. αA-crystallin plays a key role in maintaining the integrity and transparency of the lens. SDS-PAGE indicated that p-BQ induced aggregation of αA-crystallin. Various biophysical techniques including UV-vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-IR, bis-ANS titration suggested a perturbation of structure and chaperone function of αA-crystallin upon p-BQ modification. Our results indicate that p-BQ is a causative agent involved in the modification of αA-crystallin and pathogenesis of CS-induced cataract. Our findings would educate public about the impacts of smoking on eye health and help to discourage them from smoking. The study might also help scientists to develop new drugs for the intervention of CS-induced cataract at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Chowdhury
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B. C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Calcutta University College of Science, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Aparajita Choudhury
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B. C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Calcutta University College of Science, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Shruti Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B. C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Calcutta University College of Science, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Arunava Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B. C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Calcutta University College of Science, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Victor Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Bose Institute, 93/1 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700 009, India
| | - Shinjini Ganguly
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B. C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Calcutta University College of Science, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Gautam Bhaduri
- Regional Institute of Opthalmology, Medical College, Kolkata, India
| | - Rajat Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B. C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Calcutta University College of Science, Kolkata 700019, India.
| | - Kalipada Das
- Department of Chemistry, Bose Institute, 93/1 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700 009, India.
| | - Indu B Chatterjee
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B. C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Calcutta University College of Science, Kolkata 700019, India.
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16
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Hong SH, Lee SS, Chung JM, Jung HS, Singh S, Mondal S, Jang HH, Cho JY, Bae HJ, Chung BY. Site-specific mutagenesis of yeast 2-Cys peroxiredoxin improves heat or oxidative stress tolerance by enhancing its chaperone or peroxidase function. PROTOPLASMA 2017; 254:327-334. [PMID: 26843371 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-016-0948-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Yeast peroxiredoxin II (yPrxII) is an antioxidant enzyme that plays a protective role against the damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This enzyme consists of 196 amino acids containing 2-Cys Prx with highly conserved two active cysteine residues at positions 48 and 171. The yPrxII has dual enzymatic functions as a peroxidase and molecular chaperone. To understand the effect of additional cysteine residues on dual functions of yPrxII, S79C-yPrxII and S109C-yPrxII, the substitution of Ser with Cys residue at 79 and 109 positions, respectively, was generated. S109C-yPrxII and S79C-yPrxII showed 3.7- and 2.7-fold higher chaperone and peroxidase activity, respectively, than the wild type (WT). The improvement in enzyme activity was found to be closely associated with structural changes in proteins. S109C-yPrxII had increased β-sheet in its secondary structure and formed high-molecular-weight (HMW) as well as low-molecular-weight (LMW) complexes, but S79C-yPrxII formed only LMW complexes. HMW complexes predominantly exhibited a chaperone function, and LMW complexes showed a peroxidase function. In addition, transgenic yeast cells over-expressing Cys-substituted yPrxII showed greater tolerance against heat and oxidative stress compared to WT-yPrxII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hyun Hong
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, 56212, Korea
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Sik Lee
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, 56212, Korea
| | - Jeong Min Chung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, 1, Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24341, Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, 1, Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24341, Korea
| | - Sudhir Singh
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, 56212, Korea
| | - Suvendu Mondal
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, 56212, Korea
| | - Ho Hee Jang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Cho
- Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Korea
| | - Hyeun-Jong Bae
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Yeoup Chung
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, 56212, Korea.
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17
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Deletion of the carboxyl terminal of thioredoxin reductase C of Arabidopsis facilitates oligomerization. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-016-0390-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Park S, Kim HS, Jung YJ, Kim SH, Ji CY, Wang Z, Jeong JC, Lee HS, Lee SY, Kwak SS. Orange protein has a role in phytoene synthase stabilization in sweetpotato. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33563. [PMID: 27633588 PMCID: PMC5025653 DOI: 10.1038/srep33563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids have essential roles in light-harvesting processes and protecting the photosynthetic machinery from photo-oxidative damage. Phytoene synthase (PSY) and Orange (Or) are key plant proteins for carotenoid biosynthesis and accumulation. We previously isolated the sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) Or gene (IbOr), which is involved in carotenoid accumulation and salt stress tolerance. The molecular mechanism underlying IbOr regulation of carotenoid accumulation was unknown. Here, we show that IbOr has an essential role in regulating IbPSY stability via its holdase chaperone activity both in vitro and in vivo. This protection results in carotenoid accumulation and abiotic stress tolerance. IbOr transcript levels increase in sweetpotato stem, root, and calli after exposure to heat stress. IbOr is localized in the nucleus and chloroplasts, but interacts with IbPSY only in chloroplasts. After exposure to heat stress, IbOr predominantly localizes in chloroplasts. IbOr overexpression in transgenic sweetpotato and Arabidopsis conferred enhanced tolerance to heat and oxidative stress. These results indicate that IbOr holdase chaperone activity protects IbPSY stability, which leads to carotenoid accumulation, and confers enhanced heat and oxidative stress tolerance in plants. This study provides evidence that IbOr functions as a molecular chaperone, and suggests a novel mechanism regulating carotenoid accumulation and stress tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyeon Park
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Green Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Ho Soo Kim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Young Jun Jung
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus program), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudae-ro, Jinju 52828, Korea
- National Institute of Ecology, 1210 Geumgang-ro, Maseo-myeon, Seocheon-gun 33657, Korea
| | - Sun Ha Kim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Chang Yoon Ji
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Green Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Zhi Wang
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Science and Ministry of Water Resources, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jae Cheol Jeong
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Green Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Haeng-Soon Lee
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Green Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus program), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudae-ro, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Sang-Soo Kwak
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Green Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon 34113, Korea
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19
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Lee JT, Lee SS, Mondal S, Tripathi BN, Kim S, Lee KW, Hong SH, Bai HW, Cho JY, Chung BY. Enhancement of the Chaperone Activity of Alkyl Hydroperoxide Reductase C from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Resulting from a Point-Specific Mutation Confers Heat Tolerance in Escherichia coli. Mol Cells 2016; 39:594-602. [PMID: 27457208 PMCID: PMC4990751 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase subunit C from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 (PaAhpC) is a member of the 2-Cys peroxiredoxin family. Here, we examined the peroxidase and molecular chaperone functions of PaAhpC using a site-directed mutagenesis approach by substitution of Ser and Thr residues with Cys at positions 78 and 105 located between two catalytic cysteines. Substitution of Ser with Cys at position 78 enhanced the chaperone activity of the mutant (S78C-PaAhpC) by approximately 9-fold compared with that of the wild-type protein (WT-PaAhpC). This increased activity may have been associated with the proportionate increase in the high-molecular-weight (HMW) fraction and enhanced hydrophobicity of S78C-PaAhpC. Homology modeling revealed that mutation of Ser(78) to Cys(78) resulted in a more compact decameric structure than that observed in WT-PaAhpC and decreased the atomic distance between the two neighboring sulfur atoms of Cys(78) in the dimer-dimer interface of S78C-PaAhpC, which could be responsible for the enhanced hydrophobic interaction at the dimer-dimer interface. Furthermore, complementation assays showed that S78C-PaAhpC exhibited greatly improved the heat tolerance, resulting in enhanced survival under thermal stress. Thus, addition of Cys at position 78 in PaAhpC modulated the functional shifting of this protein from a peroxidase to a chaperone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Taek Lee
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
- Fruit Vegetables Research Institute, Jellabuk-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Gunsan 54062,
Korea
| | - Seung Sik Lee
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
- Department of Radiation Biotechnology and Applied Radioisotope, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113,
Korea
| | - Suvendu Mondal
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
| | - Bhumi Nath Tripathi
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
| | - Siu Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Program), Gyeong-sang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Program), Gyeong-sang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Hong
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Hyoung-Woo Bai
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
| | - Jae-Young Cho
- Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896,
Korea
| | - Byung Yeoup Chung
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
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20
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Santhoshkumar P, Karmakar S, Sharma KK. Structural and functional consequences of chaperone site deletion in αA-crystallin. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1864:1529-38. [PMID: 27524665 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The chaperone-like activity of αA-crystallin has an important role in maintaining lens transparency. Previously we identified residues 70-88 as a chaperone site in αA-crystallin. In this study, we deleted the chaperone site residues to generate αAΔ70-76 and αAΔ70-88 mutants and investigated if there are additional substrate-binding sites in αA-crystallin. Both mutant proteins when expressed in E. coli formed inclusion bodies, and on solubilizing and refolding, they exhibited similar structural properties, with a 2- to 3-fold increase in molar mass compared to the molar mass of wild-type protein. The deletion mutants were less stable than the wild-type αA-crystallin. Functionally αAΔ70-88 was completely inactive as a chaperone, while αAΔ70-76 demonstrated a 40-50% reduction in anti-aggregation activity against alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). Deletion of residues 70-88 abolished the ADH binding sites in αA-crystallin at physiological temperature. At 45°C, cryptic ADH binding site(s) became exposed, which contributed subtly to the chaperone-like activity of αAΔ70-88. Both of the deletion mutants were completely inactive in suppressing aggregation of βL-crystallin at 53°C. The mutants completely lost the anti-apoptotic property that αA-crystallin exhibits while they protected ARPE-19 (a human retinal pigment epithelial cell line) and primary human primary lens epithelial (HLE) cells from oxidative stress. Our studies demonstrate that residues 70-88 in αA-crystallin act as a primary substrate binding site and account for the bulk of the total chaperone activity. The β3 and β4 strands in αA-crystallin comprising 70-88 residues play an important role in maintenance of the structure and in preventing aggregation of denaturing proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puttur Santhoshkumar
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, United States.
| | - Srabani Karmakar
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
| | - Krishna K Sharma
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, United States; Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, United States.
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21
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Kang CH, Lee YM, Park JH, Nawkar GM, Oh HT, Kim MG, Lee SI, Kim WY, Yun DJ, Lee SY. Ribosomal P3 protein AtP3B of Arabidopsis acts as both protein and RNA chaperone to increase tolerance of heat and cold stresses. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:1631-42. [PMID: 27004478 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The P3 proteins are plant-specific ribosomal P-proteins; however, their molecular functions have not been characterized. In a screen for components of heat-stable high-molecular weight (HMW) complexes, we isolated the P3 protein AtP3B from heat-treated Arabidopsis suspension cultures. By size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), SDS-PAGE and native PAGE followed by immunoblotting with anti-AtP3B antibody, we showed that AtP3B was stably retained in HMW complexes following heat shock. The level of AtP3B mRNA increased in response to both high- and low-temperature stresses. Bacterially expressed recombinant AtP3B protein exhibited both protein and RNA chaperone activities. Knockdown of AtP3B by RNAi made plants sensitive to both high- and low-temperature stresses, whereas overexpression of AtP3B increased tolerance of both conditions. Together, our results suggest that AtP3B protects cells against both high- and low-temperature stresses. These findings provide novel insight into the molecular functions and in vivo roles of acidic ribosomal P-proteins, thereby expanding our knowledge of the protein production machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ho Kang
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21+) and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea
| | - Young Mee Lee
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21+) and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea
- Genetics and Breeding Research Center, NFRDI, Geoje, 656-842, Korea
| | - Joung Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21+) and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea
| | - Ganesh M Nawkar
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21+) and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea
| | - Hun Taek Oh
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21+) and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea
| | - Min Gab Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea
| | - Soo In Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), Jeonju, 560-500, Korea
| | - Woe Yeon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21+) and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea
| | - Dae-Jin Yun
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21+) and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21+) and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea
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22
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Lee SS, Jung HS, Park SK, Lee EM, Singh S, Lee Y, Lee KO, Lee SY, Chung BY. Enhancement of Chaperone Activity of Plant-Specific Thioredoxin through γ-Ray Mediated Conformational Change. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:27302-12. [PMID: 26580605 PMCID: PMC4661877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161126019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AtTDX, a thioredoxin-like plant-specific protein present in Arabidospis is a thermo-stable and multi-functional enzyme. This enzyme is known to act as a thioredoxin and as a molecular chaperone depending upon its oligomeric status. The present study examines the effects of γ-irradiation on the structural and functional changes of AtTDX. Holdase chaperone activity of AtTDX was increased and reached a maximum at 10 kGy of γ-irradiation and declined subsequently in a dose-dependent manner, together with no effect on foldase chaperone activity. However, thioredoxin activity decreased gradually with increasing irradiation. Electrophoresis and size exclusion chromatography analysis showed that AtTDX had a tendency to form high molecular weight (HMW) complexes after γ-irradiation and γ-ray-induced HMW complexes were tightly associated with a holdase chaperone activity. The hydrophobicity of AtTDX increased with an increase in irradiation dose till 20 kGy and thereafter decreased further. Analysis of the secondary structures of AtTDX using far UV-circular dichroism spectra revealed that the irradiation remarkably increased the exposure of β-sheets and random coils with a dramatic decrease in α-helices and turn elements in a dose-dependent manner. The data of the present study suggest that γ-irradiation may be a useful tool for increasing holdase chaperone activity without adversely affecting foldase chaperone activity of thioredoxin-like proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Sik Lee
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Korea.
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea.
| | - Soo-Kwon Park
- Crop Foundation Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, 181 Hyeoksin-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun 565-851, Korea.
| | - Eun Mi Lee
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Korea.
| | - Sudhir Singh
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Korea.
| | - Yuno Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Program), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Korea.
| | - Kyun Oh Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Program), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Korea.
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Program), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Korea.
| | - Byung Yeoup Chung
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Korea.
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Lee EM, Lee SS, Tripathi BN, Jung HS, Cao GP, Lee Y, Singh S, Hong SH, Lee KW, Lee SY, Cho JY, Chung BY. Site-directed mutagenesis substituting cysteine for serine in 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (2-Cys Prx A) of Arabidopsis thaliana effectively improves its peroxidase and chaperone functions. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2015; 116:713-25. [PMID: 26141131 PMCID: PMC4577999 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcv094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (Prx) A protein of Arabidopsis thaliana performs the dual functions of a peroxidase and a molecular chaperone depending on its conformation and the metabolic conditions. However, the precise mechanism responsible for the functional switching of 2-Cys Prx A is poorly known. This study examines various serine-to-cysteine substitutions on α-helix regions of 2-Cys Prx A in Arabidopsis mutants and the effects they have on the dual function of the protein. METHODS Various mutants of 2-Cys Prx A were generated by replacing serine (Ser) with cysteine (Cys) at different locations by site-directed mutagenesis. The mutants were then over-expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified protein was further analysed by size exclusion chromatography, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, circular dichroism spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and image analysis. Peroxidase activity, molecular chaperone activity and hydrophobicity of the proteins were also determined. Molecular modelling analysis was performed in order to demonstrate the relationship between mutation positions and switching of 2-Cys Prx A activity. KEY RESULTS Replacement of Ser(150) with Cys(150) led to a marked increase in holdase chaperone and peroxidase activities of 2-Cys Prx A, which was associated with a change in the structure of an important domain of the protein. Molecular modelling demonstrated the relationship between mutation positions and the switching of 2-Cys Prx A activity. Examination of the α2 helix, dimer-dimer interface and C-term loop indicated that the peroxidase function is associated with a fully folded α2 helix and easy formation of a stable reduced decamer, while a more flexible C-term loop makes the chaperone function less likely. CONCLUSIONS Substitution of Cys for Ser at amino acid location 150 of the α-helix of 2-Cys Prx A regulates/enhances the dual enzymatic functions of the 2-Cys Prx A protein. If confirmed in planta, this leads to the potential for it to be used to maximize the functional utility of 2-Cys Prx A protein for improved metabolic functions and stress resistance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Mi Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Sik Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Bhumi Nath Tripathi
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Guang Ping Cao
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Systems and Synthetic Agrobiotech Center (SSAC), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea and
| | - Yuno Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Systems and Synthetic Agrobiotech Center (SSAC), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea and
| | - Sudhir Singh
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Hong
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Systems and Synthetic Agrobiotech Center (SSAC), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea and
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Systems and Synthetic Agrobiotech Center (SSAC), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea and
| | - Jae-Young Cho
- Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Yeoup Chung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea,
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24
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An BC, Lee SS, Jung HS, Kim JY, Lee Y, Lee KW, Lee SY, Tripathi BN, Chung BY. An additional cysteine in a typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxin ofPseudomonaspromotes functional switching between peroxidase and molecular chaperone. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:2831-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Roy S, Banerjee V, Das KP. Understanding the Physical and Molecular Basis of Stability of Arabidopsis DNA Pol λ under UV-B and High NaCl Stress. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0133843. [PMID: 26230318 PMCID: PMC4521722 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we have investigated the physical and molecular basis of stability of Arabidopsis DNA Pol λ, the sole X family DNA polymerase member in plant genome, under UV-B and salinity stress in connection with the function of the N-terminal BRCT (breast cancer-associated C terminus) domain and Ser-Pro rich region in the regulation of the overall structure of this protein. Tryptophan fluorescence studies, fluorescence quenching and Bis-ANS binding experiments using purified recombinant full length Pol λ and its N-terminal deletion forms have revealed UV-B induced conformational change in BRCT domain deficient Pol λ. On the other hand, the highly conserved C-terminal catalytic core PolX domain maintained its tertiary folds under similar condition. Circular dichroism (CD) and fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectral studies have indicated appreciable change in the secondary structural elements in UV-B exposed BRCT domain deficient Pol λ. Increased thermodynamic stability of the C-terminal catalytic core domain suggested destabilizing effect of the N-terminal Ser-Pro rich region on the protein structure. Urea-induced equilibrium unfolding studies have revealed increased stability of Pol λ and its N-terminal deletion mutants at high NaCl concentration. In vivo aggregation studies using transient expression systems in Arabidopsis and tobacco indicated possible aggregation of Pol λ lacking the BRCT domain. Immunoprecipitation assays revealed interaction of Pol λ with the eukaryotic molecular chaperone HSP90, suggesting the possibility of regulation of Pol λ stability by HSP90 in plant cell. Overall, our results have provided one of the first comprehensive information on the biophysical characteristics of Pol λ and indicated the importance of both BRCT and Ser-Pro rich modules in regulating the stability of this protein under genotoxic stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujit Roy
- Protein Chemistry laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- * E-mail:
| | - Victor Banerjee
- Protein Chemistry laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Kali Pada Das
- Protein Chemistry laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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26
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Kang CH, Lee SY, Park JH, Lee Y, Jung HS, Chi YH, Jung YJ, Chae HB, Shin MR, Kim WY, Yun D, Lee SY. Stress‐driven structural and functional switching of Ypt1p from a GTPase to a molecular chaperone mediates thermo tolerance in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FASEB J 2015; 29:4424-34. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-270140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ho Kang
- Division of Applied Life Science and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuSouth Korea
| | - Sun Yong Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuSouth Korea
| | - Joung Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuSouth Korea
| | - Yuno Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuSouth Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- Division of Electron Microscopic ResearchKorea Basic Science InstituteDaejeonSouth Korea
- Department of BiochemistryCollege of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National UniversityChuncheonSouth Korea
| | - Yong Hun Chi
- Division of Applied Life Science and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuSouth Korea
| | - Young Jun Jung
- Division of Applied Life Science and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuSouth Korea
| | - Ho Byoung Chae
- Division of Applied Life Science and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuSouth Korea
| | - Mi Rim Shin
- Division of Applied Life Science and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuSouth Korea
| | - Woe Yeon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuSouth Korea
| | - Dae‐Jin Yun
- Division of Applied Life Science and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuSouth Korea
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuSouth Korea
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Raju M, Santhoshkumar P, Krishna Sharma K. Alpha-crystallin-derived peptides as therapeutic chaperones. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1860:246-51. [PMID: 26141743 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The demonstration of chaperone-like activity in peptides (mini-chaperones) derived from α-crystallin's chaperone region has generated significant interest in exploring the therapeutic potential of peptide chaperones in diseases of protein aggregation. Recent studies in experimental animals show that mini-chaperones could reach intended targets and alter the disease phenotype. Although mini-chaperones show potential benefits against protein aggregation diseases, they do tend to form aggregates on storage. There is thus a need to fine-tune peptide chaperones to increase their solubility, pharmacokinetics, and biological efficacy. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review summarizes the properties and the potential therapeutic roles of mini-chaperones in protein aggregation diseases and highlights some of the refinements needed to increase the stability and biological efficacy of mini-chaperones while maintaining or enhancing their chaperone-like activity against precipitation of unfolding proteins. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Mini-chaperones suppress the aggregation of proteins, block amyloid fibril formation, stabilize mutant proteins, sequester metal ions, and exhibit antiapoptotic properties. Much work must be done to fine-tune mini-chaperones and increase their stability and biological efficacy. Peptide chaperones could have a great therapeutic value in diseases associated with protein aggregation and apoptosis. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Accumulation of misfolded proteins is a primary cause for many age-related diseases, including cataract, macular degeneration, and various neurological diseases. Stabilization of native proteins is a logical therapeutic approach for such diseases. Mini-chaperones, with their inherent antiaggregation and antiapoptotic properties, may represent an effective therapeutic molecule to prevent the cascade of protein conformational disorders. Future studies will further uncover the therapeutic potential of mini-chaperones. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Crystallin Biochemistry in Health and Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugesan Raju
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Puttur Santhoshkumar
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - K Krishna Sharma
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
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Haslbeck M, Peschek J, Buchner J, Weinkauf S. Structure and function of α-crystallins: Traversing from in vitro to in vivo. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1860:149-66. [PMID: 26116912 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The two α-crystallins (αA- and αB-crystallin) are major components of our eye lenses. Their key function there is to preserve lens transparency which is a challenging task as the protein turnover in the lens is low necessitating the stability and longevity of the constituent proteins. α-Crystallins are members of the small heat shock protein family. αB-crystallin is also expressed in other cell types. SCOPE OF THE REVIEW The review summarizes the current concepts on the polydisperse structure of the α-crystallin oligomer and its chaperone function with a focus on the inherent complexity and highlighting gaps between in vitro and in vivo studies. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Both α-crystallins protect proteins from irreversible aggregation in a promiscuous manner. In maintaining eye lens transparency, they reduce the formation of light scattering particles and balance the interactions between lens crystallins. Important for these functions is their structural dynamics and heterogeneity as well as the regulation of these processes which we are beginning to understand. However, currently, it still remains elusive to which extent the in vitro observed properties of α-crystallins reflect the highly crowded situation in the lens. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Since α-crystallins play an important role in preventing cataract in the eye lens and in the development of diverse diseases, understanding their mechanism and substrate spectra is of importance. To bridge the gap between the concepts established in vitro and the in vivo function of α-crystallins, the joining of forces between different scientific disciplines and the combination of diverse techniques in hybrid approaches are necessary. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Crystallin Biochemistry in Health and Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Haslbeck
- Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Jirka Peschek
- Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Johannes Buchner
- Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
| | - Sevil Weinkauf
- Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
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29
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Identification of peptides in human Hsp20 and Hsp27 that possess molecular chaperone and anti-apoptotic activities. Biochem J 2015; 465:115-25. [PMID: 25332102 DOI: 10.1042/bj20140837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have identified peptides in the 'crystallin-domain' of the small heat-shock protein (sHSP) α-crystallin with chaperone and anti-apoptotic activities. We found that peptides in heat-shock protein Hsp20 (G71HFSVLLDVKHFSPEEIAVK91) and Hsp27 (D93RWRVSLDVNHFAPDELTVK113) with sequence homology to α-crystallin also have robust chaperone and anti-apoptotic activities. Both peptides inhibited hyperthermic and chemically induced aggregation of client proteins. The scrambled peptides of Hsp20 and Hsp27 showed no such effects. The chaperone activities of the peptides were better than those from αA- and αB-crystallin. HeLa cells took up the FITC-conjugated Hsp20 peptide and, when the cells were thermally stressed, the peptide was translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. The two peptides inhibited apoptosis in HeLa cells by blocking cytochrome c release from the mitochondria and caspase-3 activation. We found that scrambling the last four amino acids in the two peptides (KAIV in Hsp20 and KTLV in Hsp27) made them unable to enter cells and ineffective against stress-induced apoptosis. Intraperitoneal injection of the peptides prevented sodium-selenite-induced cataract formation in rats by inhibiting protein aggregation and oxidative stress. Our study has identified peptides from Hsp20 and Hsp27 that may have therapeutic benefit in diseases where protein aggregation and apoptosis are contributing factors.
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30
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Lu SY, Kumar Reddy DN, Huang FY. The Chaperone-like Activity and Structure of Mutant H119G of Rat Lens αB-crystallin: A Study of Divalent Metal Ion Binding Site. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201400032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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31
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Ray N, Roy S, Singha S, Chandra B, Dasgupta AK, Sarkar A. Design of heat shock-resistant surfaces to prevent protein aggregation: Enhanced chaperone activity of immobilized α-Crystallin. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:888-95. [PMID: 24689782 DOI: 10.1021/bc500097q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
α-Crystallin is a multimeric protein belonging to the family of small heat shock proteins, which function as molecular chaperones by resisting heat and oxidative stress induced aggregation of other proteins. We immobilized α-Crystallin on a self-assembled monolayer on glass surface and studied its activity in terms of the prevention of aggregation of aldolase. We discovered that playing with grafted protein density led to interesting variations in the chaperone activity of immobilized α-Crystallin. This result is in accordance with the hypothesis that dynamicity of subunits plays a vital role in the functioning of α-Crystallin and might be able to throw light on the structure-activity relationship. We showed that the chaperone activity of a certain number of immobilized α-Crystallins was superior compared to a solution containing an equivalent number of the protein and 10 times the number of the protein at temperatures >60 °C. The α-Crystallin grafted surfaces retained activity on reuse. This could also lead to the design of potent heat-shock resistant surfaces that can find wide applications in storage and shipping of protein based biopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Ray
- Department, of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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32
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Chowdhury A, Choudhury A, Banerjee V, Banerjee R, Das KP. Spectroscopic studies of the unfolding of a multimeric protein α-crystallin. Biopolymers 2014; 101:549-60. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Chowdhury
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford Road, M13 9PL Manchester UK
- Dr. B. C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology; Calcutta University; Ballygunge Circular Road Kolkata 700019 India
| | - Aparajita Choudhury
- Dr. B. C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology; Calcutta University; Ballygunge Circular Road Kolkata 700019 India
| | - Victor Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry; Bose Institute; 93/1 A. P. C. Road Kolkata 700 009 India
| | - Rajat Banerjee
- Dr. B. C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology; Calcutta University; Ballygunge Circular Road Kolkata 700019 India
| | - K. P. Das
- Department of Chemistry; Bose Institute; 93/1 A. P. C. Road Kolkata 700 009 India
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Park CH, Lee SS, Kim KR, Jung MH, Lee SY, Cho EJ, Singh S, Chung BY. Optimized enzymatic dual functions of PaPrx protein by proton irradiation. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2014; 55:17-24. [PMID: 23753570 PMCID: PMC3885114 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrt081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of proton irradiation on the function and structure of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa peroxiredoxin (PaPrx). Polyacrylamide gel demonstrated that PaPrx proteins exposed to proton irradiation at several doses exhibited simultaneous formation of high molecular weight (HMW) complexes and fragmentation. Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) analysis revealed that the number of fragments and very low molecular weight (LMW) structures increased as the proton irradiation dose increased. The peroxidase activity of irradiated PaPrx was preserved, and its chaperone activity was significantly increased by increasing the proton irradiation dose. The chaperone activity increased about 3-4 fold after 2.5 kGy proton irradiation, compared with that of non-irradiated PaPrx, and increased to almost the maximum activity after 10 kGy proton irradiation. We previously obtained functional switching in PaPrx proteins, by using gamma rays and electron beams as radiation sources, and found that the proteins exhibited increased chaperone activity but decreased peroxidase activity. Interestingly, in this study we newly found that proton irradiation could enhance both peroxidase and chaperone activities. Therefore, we can suggest proton irradiation as a novel protocol for conserved 2-Cys protein engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Hong Park
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Sik Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Kye Ryung Kim
- Proton Engineering Frontier Project, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Gyeongju 780-904, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Hwan Jung
- Proton Engineering Frontier Project, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Gyeongju 780-904, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Sudhir Singh
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Yeoup Chung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea. Tel: +82-63-570-3331; Fax: +82-63-570-3339;
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Fu X, Chang Z, Shi X, Bu D, Wang C. Multilevel structural characteristics for the natural substrate proteins of bacterial small heat shock proteins. Protein Sci 2013; 23:229-37. [PMID: 24318917 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are ubiquitous molecular chaperones that prevent the aggregation of various non-native proteins and play crucial roles for protein quality control in cells. It is poorly understood what natural substrate proteins, with respect to structural characteristics, are preferentially bound by sHSPs in cells. Here we compared the structural characteristics for the natural substrate proteins of Escherichia coli IbpB and Deinococcus radiodurans Hsp20.2 with the respective bacterial proteome at multiple levels, mainly by using bioinformatics analysis. Data indicate that both IbpB and Hsp20.2 preferentially bind to substrates of high molecular weight or moderate acidity. Surprisingly, their substrates contain abundant charged residues but not abundant hydrophobic residues, thus strongly indicating that ionic interactions other than hydrophobic interactions also play crucial roles for the substrate recognition and binding of sHSPs. Further, secondary structure prediction analysis indicates that the substrates of low percentage of β-sheets or coils but high percentage of α-helices are un-favored by both IbpB and Hsp20.2. In addition, IbpB preferentially interacts with multi-domain proteins but unfavorably with α + β proteins as revealed by SCOP analysis. Together, our data suggest that bacterial sHSPs, though having broad substrate spectrums, selectively bind to substrates of certain structural features. These structural characteristic elements may substantially participate in the sHSP-substrate interaction and/or increase the aggregation tendency of the substrates, thus making the substrates more preferentially bound by sHSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmiao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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35
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Nandi SK, Rehna EAA, Panda AK, Shiburaj S, Dharmalingam K, Biswas A. A S52P mutation in the ‘α-crystallin domain’ ofMycobacterium lepraeHSP18 reduces its oligomeric size and chaperone function. FEBS J 2013; 280:5994-6009. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandip K. Nandi
- School of Basic Sciences; Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar; Orissa India
| | - Elengikal A. A. Rehna
- Department of Genetic Engineering; School of Biotechnology; Madurai Kamraj University; Tamilnadu India
| | - Alok K. Panda
- School of Basic Sciences; Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar; Orissa India
| | - Sugathan Shiburaj
- Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute; Palode Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India
| | - Kuppamuthu Dharmalingam
- Department of Genetic Engineering; School of Biotechnology; Madurai Kamraj University; Tamilnadu India
| | - Ashis Biswas
- School of Basic Sciences; Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar; Orissa India
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36
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Yan KM, Huang SH, Subhan D, Huang FY. Temperature Effects on Structural and Functional Properties of Rat Lens Phe71 Mutant αA-Crystallins. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200800147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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37
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Fu X, Shi X, Yin L, Liu J, Joo K, Lee J, Chang Z. Small heat shock protein IbpB acts as a robust chaperone in living cells by hierarchically activating its multi-type substrate-binding residues. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:11897-906. [PMID: 23486475 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.450437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
As ubiquitous molecular chaperones, small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are crucial for protein homeostasis. It is not clear why sHSPs are able to bind a wide spectrum of non-native substrate proteins and how such binding is enhanced by heat shock. Here, by utilizing a genetically incorporated photo-cross-linker (p-benzoyl-l-phenylalanine), we systematically characterized the substrate-binding residues in IbpB (a sHSP from Escherichia coli) in living cells over a wide spectrum of temperatures (from 20 to 50 °C). A total of 20 and 48 residues were identified at normal and heat shock temperatures, respectively. They are not necessarily hydrophobic and can be classified into three types: types I and II were activated at low and normal temperatures, respectively, and type III mediated oligomerization at low temperature but switched to substrate binding at heat shock temperature. In addition, substrate binding of IbpB in living cells began at temperatures as low as 25 °C and was further enhanced upon temperature elevation. Together, these in vivo data provide novel structural insights into the wide substrate spectrum of sHSPs and suggest that sHSP is able to hierarchically activate its multi-type substrate-binding residues and thus act as a robust chaperone in cells under fluctuating growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmiao Fu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, and Center for Protein Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Chae HB, Moon JC, Shin MR, Chi YH, Jung YJ, Lee SY, Nawkar GM, Jung HS, Hyun JK, Kim WY, Kang CH, Yun DJ, Lee KO, Lee SY. Thioredoxin reductase type C (NTRC) orchestrates enhanced thermotolerance to Arabidopsis by its redox-dependent holdase chaperone function. MOLECULAR PLANT 2013; 6:323-36. [PMID: 23024205 DOI: 10.1093/mp/sss105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Genevestigator analysis has indicated heat shock induction of transcripts for NADPH-thioredoxin reductase, type C (NTRC) in the light. Here we show overexpression of NTRC in Arabidopsis (NTRC°(E)) resulting in enhanced tolerance to heat shock, whereas NTRC knockout mutant plants (ntrc1) exhibit a temperature sensitive phenotype. To investigate the underlying mechanism of this phenotype, we analyzed the protein's biochemical properties and protein structure. NTRC assembles into homopolymeric structures of varying complexity with functions as a disulfide reductase, a foldase chaperone, and as a holdase chaperone. The multiple functions of NTRC are closely correlated with protein structure. Complexes of higher molecular weight (HMW) showed stronger activity as a holdase chaperone, while low molecular weight (LMW) species exhibited weaker holdase chaperone activity but stronger disulfide reductase and foldase chaperone activities. Heat shock converted LMW proteins into HMW complexes. Mutations of the two active site Cys residues of NTRC into Ser (C217/454S-NTRC) led to a complete inactivation of its disulfide reductase and foldase chaperone functions, but conferred only a slight decrease in its holdase chaperone function. The overexpression of the mutated C217/454S-NTRC provided Arabidopsis with a similar degree of thermotolerance compared with that of NTRC°(E) plants. However, after prolonged incubation under heat shock, NTRC°(E) plants tolerated the stress to a higher degree than C217/454S-NTRC°(E) plants. The results suggest that the heat shock-mediated holdase chaperone function of NTRC is responsible for the increased thermotolerance of Arabidopsis and the activity is significantly supported by NADPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Byoung Chae
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program) and PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Korea
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Yedavalli P, Madhusudhana Rao N. Engineering the loops in a lipase for stability in DMSO. Protein Eng Des Sel 2013; 26:317-24. [DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzt002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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Kurnellas MP, Brownell SE, Su L, Malkovskiy AV, Rajadas J, Dolganov G, Chopra S, Schoolnik GK, Sobel RA, Webster J, Ousman SS, Becker RA, Steinman L, Rothbard JB. Chaperone activity of small heat shock proteins underlies therapeutic efficacy in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:36423-34. [PMID: 22955287 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.371229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine whether the therapeutic activity of αB crystallin, small heat shock protein B5 (HspB5), was shared with other human sHsps, a set of seven human family members, a mutant of HspB5 G120 known to exhibit reduced chaperone activity, and a mycobacterial sHsp were expressed and purified from bacteria. Each of the recombinant proteins was shown to be a functional chaperone, capable of inhibiting aggregation of denatured insulin with varying efficiency. When injected into mice at the peak of disease, they were all effective in reducing the paralysis in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Additional structure activity correlations between chaperone activity and therapeutic function were established when linear regions within HspB5 were examined. A single region, corresponding to residues 73-92 of HspB5, forms amyloid fibrils, exhibited chaperone activity, and was an effective therapeutic for encephalomyelitis. The linkage of the three activities was further established by demonstrating individual substitutions of critical hydrophobic amino acids in the peptide resulted in the loss of all of the functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Kurnellas
- Department Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5316, USA
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An BC, Lee SS, Lee JT, Park CH, Lee SY, Chung BY. Change in the enzymatic dual function of the peroxiredoxin protein by gamma irradiation. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2012.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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43
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Okai M, Ohtsuka J, Asano A, Guo L, Miyakawa T, Miyazono KI, Nakamura A, Okada A, Zheng H, Kimura K, Nagata K, Tanokura M. High pressure refolding, purification, and crystallization of flavin reductase from Sulfolobus tokodaii strain 7. Protein Expr Purif 2012; 84:214-8. [PMID: 22722101 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Flavin reductase HpaC(St) catalyzes the reduction of free flavins using NADH or NADPH. High hydrostatic pressure was used for the solubilization and refolding of HpaC(St), which was expressed as inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli to achieve high yield in a flavin-free form. The refolded HpaC(St) was purified using Ni-affinity chromatography followed by a heat treatment, which gave a single band on SDS-PAGE. The purified refolded HpaC(St) did not contain FMN, unlike the same enzyme expressed as a soluble protein. After the addition of FMN to the protein solution, the refolded enzyme showed a higher activity than the enzyme expressed as the soluble protein. Crystals of the refolded enzyme were obtained by adding FMN, FAD, or riboflavin to the protein solution and without the addition of flavin compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Okai
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Mendoza JA, Correa MD, Zardeneta G. GTP binds to α-crystallin and causes a significant conformational change. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 50:895-8. [PMID: 22387076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
ATP was previously reported to bind to the chaperone α-crystallin resulting in a significant effect on the protein's ability to suppress the aggregation of a thermally denatured protein. Here, we have investigated the binding of GTP to α-crystallin. Unlike ATP, binding of GTP to α-crystallin did not affect its ability to suppress the aggregation of thermally denatured rhodanese. GTP binding induced a conformational change on α-crystallin, however the degree of exposed hydrophobic surfaces, which are believed to be involved in the binding of the chaperone to denaturing proteins did not change. Here, we report that GTP binds to α-crystallin and this results in a decreased stability of the chaperone as indicated by urea denaturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Mendoza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University San Marcos, CA 92096-0001, United States.
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Hilton GR, Lioe H, Stengel F, Baldwin AJ, Benesch JLP. Small heat-shock proteins: paramedics of the cell. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2012; 328:69-98. [PMID: 22576357 DOI: 10.1007/128_2012_324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The small heat-shock proteins (sHSPs) comprise a family of molecular chaperones which are widespread but poorly understood. Despite considerable effort, comparatively few high-resolution structures have been determined for the sHSPs, a likely consequence of their tendency to populate ensembles of inter-converting conformational and oligomeric states at equilibrium. This dynamic structure appears to underpin the sHSPs' ability to bind and sequester target proteins rapidly, and renders them the first line of defence against protein aggregation during disease and cellular stress. Here we describe recent studies on the sHSPs, with a particular focus on those which have provided insight into the structure and dynamics of these proteins. The combined literature reveals a picture of a remarkable family of molecular chaperones whose thermodynamic and kinetic properties are exquisitely balanced to allow functional regulation by subtle changes in cellular conditions.
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An BC, Lee SS, Lee JT, Hong SH, Wi SG, Chung BY. Engineering of 2-Cys peroxiredoxin for enhanced stress-tolerance. Mol Cells 2011; 32:257-64. [PMID: 21773675 PMCID: PMC3887637 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-011-1047-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A typical 2-cysteine peroxiredoxin (2-Cys Prx)-like protein (PpPrx) that alternatively acts as a peroxidase or a molecular chaperone in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 was previously characterized. The dual functions of PpPrx are regulated by the existence of an additional Cys(112) between the active Cys(51) and Cys(171) residues. In the present study, additional Cys residues (Cys(31), Cys(112), and Cys(192)) were added to PpPrx variants to improve their enzymatic function. The optimal position of the additional Cys residues for the dual functionality was assessed. The peroxidase activities of the S31C and Y192C mutants were increased 3- to 4-fold compared to the wild-type, while the chaperone activity was maintained at > 66% of PpPrx. To investigate whether optimization of the dual functions could enhance stress-tolerance in vivo, a complementation study was performed. The S31C and Y192C mutants showed a much greater tolerance than other variants under a complex condition of heat and oxidative stresses. The optimized dual functions of PpPrx could be adapted for use in bioengineering systems and industries, such as to develop organisms that are more resistant to extreme environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Seung Gon Wi
- Bio-Energy Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
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Sankhala RS, Damai RS, Swamy MJ. Correlation of membrane binding and hydrophobicity to the chaperone-like activity of PDC-109, the major protein of bovine seminal plasma. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17330. [PMID: 21408153 PMCID: PMC3050878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The major protein of bovine seminal plasma, PDC-109 binds to choline phospholipids present on the sperm plasma membrane upon ejaculation and plays a crucial role in the subsequent events leading to fertilization. PDC-109 also shares significant similarities with small heat shock proteins and exhibits chaperone-like activity (CLA). Although the polydisperse nature of this protein has been shown to be important for its CLA, knowledge of other factors responsible for such an activity is scarce. Since surface exposure of hydrophobic residues is known to be an important factor which modulates the CLA of chaperone proteins, in the present study we have probed the surface hydrophobicity of PDC-109 using bisANS and ANS. Further, effect of phospholipids on the structure and chaperone-like activity of PDC-109 was studied. Presence of DMPC was found to increase the CLA of PDC-109 significantly, which could be due to the considerable exposure of hydrophobic regions on the lipid-protein recombinants, which can interact productively with the nonnative structures of target proteins, resulting in their protection. However, inclusion of DMPG instead of DMPC did not significantly alter the CLA of PDC-109, which could be due to the lower specificity of PDC-109 for DMPG as compared to DMPC. Cholesterol incorporation into DMPC membranes led to a decrease in the CLA of PDC-109-lipid recombinants, which could be attributed to reduced accessibility of hydrophobic surfaces to the substrate protein(s). These results underscore the relevance of phospholipid binding and hydrophobicity to the chaperone-like activity of PDC-109.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajani S. Damai
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Musti J. Swamy
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
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An BC, Lee SS, Wi SG, Bai HW, Lee SY, Chung BY. Improvement of chaperone activity of 2-Cys peroxiredoxin using gamma ray. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2011; 52:694-700. [PMID: 22104267 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.11046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A typical 2-cysteine peroxiredoxin (2-Cys Prx) PaPrx can act alternatively as thioredoxin (Trx)-dependent peroxidase and molecular chaperone in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. In addition, the functional switch of PaPrx is regulated by its structural change which is dependently induced by stress conditions. In the present study, we examined the effect of gamma ray on structural modification related to chaperone activity of PaPrx. The structural change of PaPrx occupied with gamma ray irradiation (2 kGy) based on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis and the functional change also began. The enhanced chaperone activity was increased about 3-4 folds at 30 kGy gamma irradiation compared with nonirradiated PaPrx, while the peroxidase activity was significantly decreased. We also investigated the influence of the gamma ray on protein hydrophobicity as related to chaperone function. The exposure of hydrophobic domains reached a peak at 30 kGy gamma ray and then decreased dependently with increasing gamma irradiation. Our results suggest that highly enhanced chaperone activity could be adapted for use in bio-engineering systems and industrial applications such as enzyme stabilization during industrial process (inactivation protection), improvement of useful protein productivity (refolding and secretion) and industrial animal cell cultivation (stress protection).
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Chull An
- Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
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Short-chain peptides as a promising class of chaperone-like anticataract agents: Molecular mechanism of inhibition of crystallin aggregation by pantethine. Russ Chem Bull 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-010-0066-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hawe A, Poole R, Jiskoot W. Misconceptions over Förster resonance energy transfer between proteins and ANS/bis-ANS: Direct excitation dominates dye fluorescence. Anal Biochem 2010; 401:99-106. [PMID: 20197057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2009] [Revised: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 02/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to disprove the widespread misconception that Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is the only explanation for observing fluorescence from ANS (8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid) and bis-ANS (4,4'-dianilino-1,1'-binaphthyl-5,5'-disulfonic acid, dipotassium salt) following excitation at 280nm in the presence of protein. From ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectra and fluorescence emission spectra of bis-ANS and ANS in buffer and ethanol, direct excitation at 280nm was found to be the dominant mechanism for the resulting dye fluorescence. Furthermore, Tyr/Trp quenching studies were performed for solutions of N-acetyl-l-tryptophanamide, heat-stressed immunoglobulin G (IgG), and bovine serum albumin (BSA) by monitoring changes in steady state fluorescence spectra and time-resolved fluorescence decays as a function of dye concentration. Stronger quenching of the intrinsic BSA and IgG fluorescence in steady state than in time-resolved fluorescence by bis-ANS and ANS pointed toward static quenching being the dominant mechanism in addition to dynamic quenching and/or FRET. In conclusion, one should consider the role of direct excitation of ANS and bis-ANS at 280nm to ensure a proper interpretation of fluorescence signals resulting from dye-protein interactions. When ANS or bis-ANS is to be used for protein characterization, we recommend selectively exciting the dyes at the higher absorption wavelength maximum (370 or 385nm, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Hawe
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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