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Sultan I, Ramste M, Peletier P, Hemanthakumar KA, Ramanujam D, Tirronen A, von Wright Y, Antila S, Saharinen P, Eklund L, Mervaala E, Ylä-Herttuala S, Engelhardt S, Kivelä R, Alitalo K. Contribution of VEGF-B-Induced Endocardial Endothelial Cell Lineage in Physiological Versus Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy. Circ Res 2024; 134:1465-1482. [PMID: 38655691 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.324136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical studies have shown the therapeutic potential of VEGF-B (vascular endothelial growth factor B) in revascularization of the ischemic myocardium, but the associated cardiac hypertrophy and adverse side effects remain a concern. To understand the importance of endothelial proliferation and migration for the beneficial versus adverse effects of VEGF-B in the heart, we explored the cardiac effects of autocrine versus paracrine VEGF-B expression in transgenic and gene-transduced mice. METHODS We used single-cell RNA sequencing to compare cardiac endothelial gene expression in VEGF-B transgenic mouse models. Lineage tracing was used to identify the origin of a VEGF-B-induced novel endothelial cell population and adeno-associated virus-mediated gene delivery to compare the effects of VEGF-B isoforms. Cardiac function was investigated using echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and micro-computed tomography. RESULTS Unlike in physiological cardiac hypertrophy driven by a cardiomyocyte-specific VEGF-B transgene (myosin heavy chain alpha-VEGF-B), autocrine VEGF-B expression in cardiac endothelium (aP2 [adipocyte protein 2]-VEGF-B) was associated with septal defects and failure to increase perfused subendocardial capillaries postnatally. Paracrine VEGF-B led to robust proliferation and myocardial migration of a novel cardiac endothelial cell lineage (VEGF-B-induced endothelial cells) of endocardial origin, whereas autocrine VEGF-B increased proliferation of VEGF-B-induced endothelial cells but failed to promote their migration and efficient contribution to myocardial capillaries. The surviving aP2-VEGF-B offspring showed an altered ratio of secreted VEGF-B isoforms and developed massive pathological cardiac hypertrophy with a distinct cardiac vessel pattern. In the normal heart, we found a small VEGF-B-induced endothelial cell population that was only minimally expanded during myocardial infarction but not during physiological cardiac hypertrophy associated with mouse pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Paracrine and autocrine secretions of VEGF-B induce expansion of a specific endocardium-derived endothelial cell population with distinct angiogenic markers. However, autocrine VEGF-B signaling fails to promote VEGF-B-induced endothelial cell migration and contribution to myocardial capillaries, predisposing to septal defects and inducing a mismatch between angiogenesis and myocardial growth, which results in pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Sultan
- Wihuri Research Institute (I.S., M.R., P.P., K.A.H., Y.v.W., S.A., P.S., R.K., K.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program (I.S., M.R., P.P., K.A.H., Y.v.W., S.A., P.S., K.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Ramste
- Wihuri Research Institute (I.S., M.R., P.P., K.A.H., Y.v.W., S.A., P.S., R.K., K.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program (I.S., M.R., P.P., K.A.H., Y.v.W., S.A., P.S., K.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pim Peletier
- Wihuri Research Institute (I.S., M.R., P.P., K.A.H., Y.v.W., S.A., P.S., R.K., K.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program (I.S., M.R., P.P., K.A.H., Y.v.W., S.A., P.S., K.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Karthik Amudhala Hemanthakumar
- Wihuri Research Institute (I.S., M.R., P.P., K.A.H., Y.v.W., S.A., P.S., R.K., K.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program (I.S., M.R., P.P., K.A.H., Y.v.W., S.A., P.S., K.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Deepak Ramanujam
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University of Munich, DZHK partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (D.R., S.E.)
- RNATICS GmbH, Planegg, Germany (D.R.)
| | - Annakaisa Tirronen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland (A.T., S.Y.-H.)
| | - Ylva von Wright
- Wihuri Research Institute (I.S., M.R., P.P., K.A.H., Y.v.W., S.A., P.S., R.K., K.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program (I.S., M.R., P.P., K.A.H., Y.v.W., S.A., P.S., K.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Salli Antila
- Wihuri Research Institute (I.S., M.R., P.P., K.A.H., Y.v.W., S.A., P.S., R.K., K.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program (I.S., M.R., P.P., K.A.H., Y.v.W., S.A., P.S., K.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pipsa Saharinen
- Wihuri Research Institute (I.S., M.R., P.P., K.A.H., Y.v.W., S.A., P.S., R.K., K.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program (I.S., M.R., P.P., K.A.H., Y.v.W., S.A., P.S., K.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lauri Eklund
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland (L.E.)
| | - Eero Mervaala
- Department of Pharmacology (E.M.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland (A.T., S.Y.-H.)
| | - Stefan Engelhardt
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University of Munich, DZHK partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (D.R., S.E.)
| | - Riikka Kivelä
- Wihuri Research Institute (I.S., M.R., P.P., K.A.H., Y.v.W., S.A., P.S., R.K., K.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (R.K.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland (R.K.)
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute (I.S., M.R., P.P., K.A.H., Y.v.W., S.A., P.S., R.K., K.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program (I.S., M.R., P.P., K.A.H., Y.v.W., S.A., P.S., K.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
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Nakakura T, Horiguchi K, Suzuki T. Collagen XIII Is the Key Molecule of Neurovascular Junctions in the Neuroendocrine System. Neuroendocrinology 2024; 114:658-669. [PMID: 38643753 DOI: 10.1159/000538976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Axons of magnocellular neurosecretory cells project from the hypothalamus to the posterior lobe (PL) of the pituitary. In the PL, a wide perivascular space exists between the outer basement membrane (BM), where nerve axons terminate, and the inner BM lining the fenestrated capillaries. Hypothalamic axon terminals and outer BMs in the PL form neurovascular junctions. We previously had found that collagen XIII is strongly localized in the outer BMs. In this study, we investigated the role of collagen XIII in the PL of rat pituitaries. METHODS We first studied the expression of Col13a1, the gene encoding the α1 chains of collagen XIII, in rat pituitaries via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization. We observed the distribution of COL13A1 in the rat pituitary using immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron microscopy. We examined the expression of Col13a1 and the distribution of COL13A1 during the development of the pituitary. In addition, we examined the effects of water deprivation and arginine vasopressin (AVP) signaling on the expression of Col13a1 in the PL. RESULTS Col13a1 was expressed in NG2-positive pericytes, and COL13A1 signals were localized in the outer BM of the PL. The expression of Col13a1 was increased by water deprivation and was regulated via the AVP/AVPR1A/Gαq/11 cascade in pericytes of the PL. CONCLUSION These results suggest that pericytes surrounding fenestrated capillaries in the PL secrete COL13A1 and are involved in the construction of neurovascular junctions. COL13A1 is localized in the outer BM surrounding capillaries in the PL and may be involved in the connection between capillaries and axon terminals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nakakura
- Department of Anatomy, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Horiguchi
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Suzuki
- Department of Biology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
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Norman O, Vornanen T, Franssila H, Liinamaa J, Karvonen E, Kotkavaara T, Pohjanen VM, Ylikärppä R, Pihlajaniemi T, Hurskainen M, Heikkinen A. Expression of Collagen XIII in Tissues of the Thyroid and Orbit With Relevance to Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:6. [PMID: 38564194 PMCID: PMC10996972 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.4.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Antibodies against collagen XIII have previously been identified in patients with active thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). Although collagen XIII expression has been described in extraocular muscles and orbital fat, its detailed localization in extraocular and thyroid tissues and the connection to autoimmunity for collagen XIII remain unclear. Our objective was to map the potential targets for these antibodies in the tissues of the orbit and thyroid. Methods We evaluated the expression of collagen XIII in human patient and mouse orbital and thyroid tissues with immunostainings and RT-qPCR using Col13a1-/- mice as negative controls. COL13A1 expression in Graves' disease and goiter thyroid samples was compared with TGF-β1 and TNF, and these were also studied in human thyroid epithelial cells and fibroblasts. Results Collagen XIII expression was found in the neuromuscular and myotendinous junctions of extraocular muscles, blood vessels of orbital connective tissue and fat and the thyroid, and in the thyroid epithelium. Thyroid expression was also seen in germinal centers in Graves' disease and in neoplastic epithelium. The expression of COL13A1 in goiter samples correlated with levels of TGF-B1. Upregulation of COL13A1 was reproduced in thyroid epithelial cells treated with TGF-β1. Conclusions We mapped the expression of collagen XIII to various locations in the orbit, demonstrated its expression in the pathologies of the Graves' disease thyroid and confirmed the relationship between collagen XIII and TGF-β1. Altogether, these data add to our understanding of the targets of anti-collagen XIII autoantibodies in TAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oula Norman
- ECM-Hypoxia Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuuli Vornanen
- Department of General Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, and Medical Research Centre, University of Oulu, and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hanna Franssila
- Department of General Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, and Medical Research Centre, University of Oulu, and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Liinamaa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oulu University Hospital, and Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Medical Research Centre, University of Oulu, and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Elina Karvonen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oulu University Hospital, and Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Medical Research Centre, University of Oulu, and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tommi Kotkavaara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oulu University Hospital, and Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Medical Research Centre, University of Oulu, and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vesa-Matti Pohjanen
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Centre Oulu, University of Oulu, and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ritva Ylikärppä
- Department of General Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, and Medical Research Centre, University of Oulu, and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Taina Pihlajaniemi
- ECM-Hypoxia Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Merja Hurskainen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oulu University Hospital, and Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Medical Research Centre, University of Oulu, and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anne Heikkinen
- ECM-Hypoxia Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Niu J, Guo W, Chen YZ, Jiang N. Identification of the collagen family as prognostic biomarkers in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Endocrine 2022; 78:491-506. [PMID: 36070051 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03175-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to construct a collagen-related prognostic model for thyroid cancer and to investigate prognostic value of collagen family genes for thyroid cancer. METHODS A LASSO Cox regression model for thyroid cancer was developed based on the expression profiles of collagen-related genes. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed for high and low risk groups. The ROC method was used to assess its predictive performance. Predictive independence was verified by multivariate Cox regression analysis. The relationship between this feature and immune cell infiltration was analyzed by tumor microenvironment. COL18A1 was validated by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR in thyroid cancer tissues. The effect of COL18A1 on cell proliferation, migration and invasion ability of tumor cells were further valuated by CCK-8 assay and transwell assay. The effect of COL18A1 on the immune escape ability of tumor cells was further valuated by cytotoxicity assays. RESULTS A model including 4 collagen family genes was developed to predict thyroid cancer prognosis. Patients with high-risk score had a poorer prognosis than those with low-risk scores for 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5- year survival. The model independently predicted prognosis after adjusting for other prognostic factors. A nomogram combining risk score and age was constructed with high sensitivity and specificity. This feature was significantly associated with immune cell infiltration. COL18A1 was aberrantly over-expressed in thyroid cancer compared with control tissues and significantly increased proliferative capacity, migration capacity, invasion capacity, and immune escape ability of tumor cells. CONCLUSION Our findings establish a signature associated with collagen family genes that can be a promising tool to predict the prognosis of thyroid cancer. High COL18A1 expression significantly correlates with the poor prognosis of patients and enhances the immune escape ability of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Niu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyu Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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The Molecular Interaction of Collagen with Cell Receptors for Biological Function. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050876. [PMID: 35267698 PMCID: PMC8912536 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen, an extracellular protein, covers the entire human body and has several important biological functions in normal physiology. Recently, collagen from non-human sources has attracted attention for therapeutic management and biomedical applications. In this regard, both land-based animals such as cow, pig, chicken, camel, and sheep, and marine-based resources such as fish, octopus, starfish, sea-cucumber, and jellyfish are widely used for collagen extraction. The extracted collagen is transformed into collagen peptides, hydrolysates, films, hydrogels, scaffolds, sponges and 3D matrix for food and biomedical applications. In addition, many strategic ideas are continuously emerging to develop innovative advanced collagen biomaterials. For this purpose, it is important to understand the fundamental perception of how collagen communicates with receptors of biological cells to trigger cell signaling pathways. Therefore, this review discloses the molecular interaction of collagen with cell receptor molecules to carry out cellular signaling in biological pathways. By understanding the actual mechanism, this review opens up several new concepts to carry out next level research in collagen biomaterials.
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Koivunen J, Tu H, Kemppainen A, Anbazhagan P, Finnilä MA, Saarakkala S, Käpylä J, Lu N, Heikkinen A, Juffer AH, Heino J, Gullberg D, Pihlajaniemi T. Integrin α11β1 is a receptor for collagen XIII. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 383:1135-1153. [PMID: 33306155 PMCID: PMC7960628 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03300-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Collagen XIII is a conserved transmembrane collagen mainly expressed in mesenchymal tissues. Previously, we have shown that collagen XIII modulates tissue development and homeostasis. Integrins are a family of receptors that mediate signals from the environment into the cells and vice versa. Integrin α11β1 is a collagen receptor known to recognize the GFOGER (O=hydroxyproline) sequence in collagens. Interestingly, collagen XIII and integrin α11β1 both have a role in the regulation of bone homeostasis. To study whether α11β1 is a receptor for collagen XIII, we utilized C2C12 cells transfected to express α11β1 as their only collagen receptor. The interaction between collagen XIII and integrin α11β1 was also confirmed by surface plasmon resonance and pull-down assays. We discovered that integrin α11β1 mediates cell adhesion to two collagenous motifs, namely GPKGER and GF(S)QGEK, that were shown to act as the recognition sites for the integrin α11-I domain. Furthermore, we studied the in vivo significance of the α11β1-collagen XIII interaction by crossbreeding α11 null mice (Itga11-/-) with mice overexpressing Col13a1 (Col13a1oe). When we evaluated the bone morphology by microcomputed tomography, Col13a1oe mice had a drastic bone overgrowth followed by severe osteoporosis, whereas the double mutant mouse line showed a much milder bone phenotype. To conclude, our data identifies integrin α11β1 as a new collagen XIII receptor and demonstrates that this ligand-receptor pair has a role in the maintenance of bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarkko Koivunen
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5400, FIN-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hongmin Tu
- Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FIN-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Antti Kemppainen
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5400, FIN-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Padmanabhan Anbazhagan
- Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FIN-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mikko A Finnilä
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FIN-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Simo Saarakkala
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FIN-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jarmo Käpylä
- Department of Biochemistry and MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Ning Lu
- Department of Biomedicine and Center of Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne Heikkinen
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5400, FIN-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - André H Juffer
- Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FIN-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jyrki Heino
- Department of Biochemistry and MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Donald Gullberg
- Department of Biomedicine and Center of Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009, Bergen, Norway
| | - Taina Pihlajaniemi
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5400, FIN-90014, Oulu, Finland.
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Wakabayashi T. Transmembrane Collagens in Neuromuscular Development and Disorders. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 13:635375. [PMID: 33536873 PMCID: PMC7848082 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.635375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromuscular development is a multistep process and involves interactions among various extracellular and transmembrane molecules that facilitate the precise targeting of motor axons to synaptogenic regions of the target muscle. Collagenous proteins with transmembrane domains have recently emerged as molecules that play essential roles in multiple aspects of neuromuscular formation. Membrane-associated collagens with interrupted triple helices (MACITs) are classified as an unconventional subtype of the collagen superfamily and have been implicated in cell adhesion in a variety of tissues, including the neuromuscular system. Collagen XXV, the latest member of the MACITs, plays an essential role in motor axon growth within the developing muscle. In humans, loss-of-function mutations of collagen XXV result in developmental ocular motor disorders. In contrast, collagen XIII contributes to the formation and maintenance of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), and disruption of its function leads to the congenital myasthenic syndrome. Transmembrane collagens are conserved not only in mammals but also in organisms such as C. elegans, where a single MACIT, COL-99, has been documented to function in motor innervation. Furthermore, in C. elegans, a collagen-like transmembrane protein, UNC-122, is implicated in the structural and functional integrity of the NMJ. This review article summarizes recent advances in understanding the roles of transmembrane collagens and underlying molecular mechanisms in multiple aspects of neuromuscular development and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Wakabayashi
- Department of Innovative Dementia Prevention, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Nyström A, Kiritsi D. Transmembrane collagens-Unexplored mediators of epidermal-dermal communication and tissue homeostasis. Exp Dermatol 2020; 30:10-16. [PMID: 32869371 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Tissue homeostasis is maintained through constant, dynamic and heterogeneous communication between cells and their microenvironment. Proteins that are at the same time active at the intracellular, cell periphery and deeper extracellular levels possess the ability to, on the individual molecular level, influence the cells and their microenvironment in a bidirectional manner. The transmembrane collagens are a family of such proteins, which are of notable interest for tissue development and homeostasis. In skin, expression of all transmembrane collagens has been reported and deficiency of transmembrane collagen XVII manifests with distinct skin phenotypes. Nevertheless, transmembrane collagens in skin remain understudied despite the association of them with epidermal wound healing and dermal fibrotic processes. Here, we present an overview of transmembrane collagens and put a spotlight on them as regulators of epidermal-dermal communication and as potential players in fibrinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Nyström
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dimitra Kiritsi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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9
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Collagens at the vertebrate neuromuscular junction, from structure to pathologies. Neurosci Lett 2020; 735:135155. [PMID: 32534096 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix at the neuromuscular junction is built upon components secreted by the motoneuron, the muscle cell and terminal Schwann cells, the cells constituting this specific synapse. This compartment contains glycoproteins, proteoglycans and collagens that form a dense and specialized layer, the synaptic basal lamina. A number of these molecules are known to play a crucial role in anterograde and retrograde signalings that are active in neuromuscular junction formation, maintenance and function. Here, we focus on the isoforms of collagens which are enriched at the synapse. We summarize what we know of their structure, their function and their interactions with transmembrane receptors and other components of the synaptic basal lamina. A number of neuromuscular diseases, congenital myastenic syndromes and myasthenia gravis are caused by human mutations and autoantibodies against these proteins. Analysis of these diseases and of the specific collagen knock-out mice highlights the roles of some of these collagens in promoting a functional synapse.
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Rodríguez Cruz PM, Cossins J, Estephan EDP, Munell F, Selby K, Hirano M, Maroofin R, Mehrjardi MYV, Chow G, Carr A, Manzur A, Robb S, Munot P, Wei Liu W, Banka S, Fraser H, De Goede C, Zanoteli E, Conti Reed U, Sage A, Gratacos M, Macaya A, Dusl M, Senderek J, Töpf A, Hofer M, Knight R, Ramdas S, Jayawant S, Lochmüller H, Palace J, Beeson D. The clinical spectrum of the congenital myasthenic syndrome resulting from COL13A1 mutations. Brain 2020; 142:1547-1560. [PMID: 31081514 PMCID: PMC6752227 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Next generation sequencing techniques were recently used to show mutations in COL13A1 cause synaptic basal lamina-associated congenital myasthenic syndrome type 19. Animal studies showed COL13A1, a synaptic extracellular-matrix protein, is involved in the formation and maintenance of the neuromuscular synapse that appears independent of the Agrin-LRP4-MuSK-DOK7 acetylcholine receptor clustering pathway. Here, we report the phenotypic spectrum of 16 patients from 11 kinships harbouring homozygous or heteroallelic mutations in COL13A1. Clinical presentation was mostly at birth with hypotonia and breathing and feeding difficulties often requiring ventilation and artificial feeding. Respiratory crisis related to recurrent apnoeas, sometimes triggered by chest infections, were common early in life but resolved over time. The predominant pattern of muscle weakness included bilateral ptosis (non-fatigable in adulthood), myopathic facies and marked axial weakness, especially of neck flexion, while limb muscles were less involved. Other features included facial dysmorphism, skeletal abnormalities and mild learning difficulties. All patients tested had results consistent with abnormal neuromuscular transmission. Muscle biopsies were within normal limits or showed non-specific changes. Muscle MRI and serum creatine kinase levels were normal. In keeping with COL13A1 mutations affecting both synaptic structure and presynaptic function, treatment with 3,4-diaminopyridine and salbutamol resulted in motor and respiratory function improvement. In non-treated cases, disease severity and muscle strength improved gradually over time and several adults recovered normal muscle strength in the limbs. In summary, patients with COL13A1 mutations present mostly with severe early-onset myasthenic syndrome with feeding and breathing difficulties. Axial weakness is greater than limb weakness. Disease course improves gradually over time, which could be consistent with the less prominent role of COL13A1 once the neuromuscular junction is mature. This report emphasizes the role of collagens at the human muscle endplate and should facilitate the recognition of this disorder, which can benefit from pharmacological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M Rodríguez Cruz
- Neurosciences Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Judith Cossins
- Neurosciences Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eduardo de Paula Estephan
- Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francina Munell
- Neuromuscular disorders Group, Child Neurology Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kathryn Selby
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michio Hirano
- Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Neuromuscular Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Reza Maroofin
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, UK
| | | | - Gabriel Chow
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, UK
| | - Aisling Carr
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Adnan Manzur
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre and MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Stephanie Robb
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre and MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Pinki Munot
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre and MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Wei Wei Liu
- Neurosciences Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Siddharth Banka
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Harry Fraser
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Edmar Zanoteli
- Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Umbertina Conti Reed
- Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Abigail Sage
- Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Neuromuscular Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margarida Gratacos
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona Spain
| | - Alfons Macaya
- Neuromuscular disorders Group, Child Neurology Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Dusl
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute at the Department of Neurology, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Senderek
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute at the Department of Neurology, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ana Töpf
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Monika Hofer
- Department of Neuropathology, John Radcliffe Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Ravi Knight
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, John Radcliffe Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Sithara Ramdas
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Sandeep Jayawant
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Hans Lochmüller
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany.,Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Palace
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David Beeson
- Neurosciences Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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11
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Nawrocki MJ, Perek B, Sujka-Kordowska P, Konwerska A, Kałużna S, Zawierucha P, Bruska M, Zabel M, Jemielity M, Nowicki M, Kempisty B, Malińska A. Differences in Expression of Genes Involved in Bone Development and Morphogenesis in the Walls of Internal Thoracic Artery and Saphenous Vein Conduits May Provide Markers Useful for Evaluation Graft Patency. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194890. [PMID: 31581653 PMCID: PMC6801533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is one of the most efficient procedures for patients with advanced coronary artery disease. From all the blood vessels with the potential to be used in this procedure, the internal thoracic artery (ITA) and the saphenous vein (SV) are the most commonly applied as aortocoronary conduits. Nevertheless, in order to evaluate the graft patency and efficiency effectively, basic knowledge should be constantly expanding at the molecular level as well, as the understanding of predictive factors is still limited. In this study, we have employed the expressive microarray approach, validated with Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR), to analyze the transcriptome of both venous and arterial grafts. Searching for potential molecular factors, we analyzed differentially expressed gene ontologies involved in bone development and morphogenesis, for the possibility of discovery of new markers for the evaluation of ITA and SV segment quality. Among three ontological groups of interest—“endochondral bone morphogenesis”, “ossification”, and “skeletal system development”—we found six genes common to all of them. BMP6, SHOX2, COL13A1, CSGALNACT1, RUNX2, and STC1 showed differential expression patterns in both analyzed vessels. STC1 and COL13A1 were upregulated in ITA samples, whereas others were upregulated in SV. With regard to the Runx2 protein function in osteogenic phenotype regulation, the RUNX2 gene seems to be of paramount importance in assessing the potential of ITA, SV, and other vessels used in the CABG procedure. Overall, the presented study provided valuable insight into the molecular background of conduit characterization, and thus indicated genes that may be the target of subsequent studies, also at the protein level. Moreover, it has been suggested that RUNX2 may be recognized as a molecular marker of osteogenic changes in human blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz J Nawrocki
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Bartłomiej Perek
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Patrycja Sujka-Kordowska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Aneta Konwerska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Sandra Kałużna
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Piotr Zawierucha
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Bruska
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Maciej Zabel
- Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Góra, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland.
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Marek Jemielity
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland.
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 601 77 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Agnieszka Malińska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland.
- Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Góra, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland.
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12
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Exploring the roles of MACIT and multiplexin collagens in stem cells and cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 62:134-148. [PMID: 31479735 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is ubiquitously involved in neoplastic transformation, tumour growth and metastatic dissemination, and the interplay between tumour and stromal cells and the ECM is now considered crucial for the formation of a tumour-supporting microenvironment. The 28 different collagens (Col) form a major ECM protein family and display extraordinary functional diversity in tissue homeostasis as well as in pathological conditions, with functions ranging from structural support for tissues to regulatory binding activities and storage of biologically active cryptic domains releasable through ECM proteolysis. Two subfamilies of collagens, namely the plasma membrane-associated collagens with interrupted triple-helices (MACITs, including ColXIII, ColXXIII and ColXXV) and the basement membrane-associated collagens with multiple triple-helix domains with interruptions (multiplexins, including ColXV and ColXVIII), have highly interesting regulatory functions in tissue and organ development, as well as in various diseases, including cancer. An increasing, albeit yet sparse, data suggest that these collagens play crucial roles in conveying regulatory signals from the extracellular space to cells. We summarize here the current knowledge about MACITs and multiplexins as regulators of stemness and oncogenic processes, as well as their roles in influencing cell fate decisions in healthy and cancerous tissues. In addition, we present a bioinformatic analysis of the impacts of MACITs and multiplexins transcript levels on the prognosis of patients representing a wide array of malignant diseases, to aid future diagnostic and therapeutic efforts.
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13
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Koivunen J, Kemppainen AV, Finnilä MA, Keski-Filppula R, Härönen H, Tu H, Pellikka H, Heikkinen A, Kylmäoja E, Sormunen R, Miinalainen I, Saarakkala S, Izzi V, Pihlajaniemi T. Collagen XIII-derived ectodomain regulates bone angiogenesis and intracortical remodeling. Matrix Biol 2019; 83:6-25. [PMID: 31220558 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the most common degenerative bone disease that occurs when the balance of bone production and resorption is perturbed. Loss of bone mass or alteration in its quality leads to significant weakening of the bones and subsequently to higher fracture risk. Collagen XIII (ColXIII) is a conserved transmembrane protein expressed in many mesenchymal tissues. Here we show that ColXIII is a regulator of bone remodeling niche. In this study, we found that ColXIII expression is significantly upregulated in osteoporotic patients. In view of that, we studied bone homeostasis in ColXIII-overexpressing mice (Col13a1oe) up to 72 weeks of age and observed a cortical bone overgrowth followed by a drastic bone loss, together with increased bone vascularization. Moreover, our results demonstrate that the ColXIII-derived ectodomain enhances angiogenesis through β1-integrins and the JNK pathway. Consequently, these data suggest that ColXIII has a role in age-dependent cortical bone deterioration with possible implications for osteoporosis and fracture risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarkko Koivunen
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research and Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, P.O. Box 5400, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Antti V Kemppainen
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research and Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, P.O. Box 5400, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mikko A Finnilä
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, P.O. Box 5000, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riikka Keski-Filppula
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research and Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, P.O. Box 5400, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heli Härönen
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research and Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, P.O. Box 5400, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hongmin Tu
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research and Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, P.O. Box 5400, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Henri Pellikka
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research and Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, P.O. Box 5400, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anne Heikkinen
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research and Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, P.O. Box 5400, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Elina Kylmäoja
- Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, P.O. Box 5000, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raija Sormunen
- Biocenter Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ilkka Miinalainen
- Biocenter Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Simo Saarakkala
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, P.O. Box 5000, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Valerio Izzi
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research and Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, P.O. Box 5400, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Taina Pihlajaniemi
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research and Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, P.O. Box 5400, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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14
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Zhang H, Xu R. A novel function of membrane-associated collagen in cancer metastasis. Oncotarget 2019; 10:2577-2578. [PMID: 31080548 PMCID: PMC6498993 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Ren Xu: Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ren Xu
- Ren Xu: Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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15
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Heikkinen A, Härönen H, Norman O, Pihlajaniemi T. Collagen XIII and Other ECM Components in the Assembly and Disease of the Neuromuscular Junction. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 303:1653-1663. [PMID: 30768864 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alongside playing structural roles, the extracellular matrix (ECM) acts as an interaction platform for cellular homeostasis, organ development, and maintenance. The necessity of the ECM is highlighted by the diverse, sometimes very serious diseases that stem from defects in its components. The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a large peripheral motor synapse differing from its central counterparts through the ECM included at the synaptic cleft. Such synaptic basal lamina (BL) is specialized to support NMJ establishment, differentiation, maturation, stabilization, and function and diverges in molecular composition from the extrasynaptic ECM. Mutations, toxins, and autoantibodies may compromise NMJ integrity and function, thereby leading to congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMSs), poisoning, and autoimmune diseases, respectively, and all these conditions may involve synaptic ECM molecules. With neurotransmission degraded or blocked, muscle function is impaired or even prevented. At worst, this can be fatal. The article reviews the synaptic BL composition required for assembly and function of the NMJ molecular machinery through the lens of studies primarily with mouse models but also with human patients. In-depth focus is given to collagen XIII, a postsynaptic-membrane-spanning but also shed ECM protein that in recent years has been revealed to be a significant component for the NMJ. Its deficiency in humans causes CMS, and autoantibodies against it have been recognized in autoimmune myasthenia gravis. Mouse models have exposed numerous details that appear to recapitulate human NMJ phenotypes relatively faithfully and thereby can be readily used to generate information necessary for understanding and ultimately treating human diseases. Anat Rec, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Heikkinen
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heli Härönen
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Oula Norman
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Taina Pihlajaniemi
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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16
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Härönen H, Zainul Z, Naumenko N, Sormunen R, Miinalainen I, Shakirzyanova A, Santoleri S, Kemppainen AV, Giniatullin R, Pihlajaniemi T, Heikkinen A. Correct expression and localization of collagen XIII are crucial for the normal formation and function of the neuromuscular system. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 49:1491-1511. [PMID: 30667565 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Transmembrane collagen XIII has been linked to maturation of the musculoskeletal system. Its absence in mice (Col13a1-/- ) results in impaired neuromuscular junction (NMJ) differentiation and function, while transgenic overexpression (Col13a1oe ) leads to abnormally high bone mass. Similarly, loss-of-function mutations in COL13A1 in humans produce muscle weakness, decreased motor synapse function and mild dysmorphic skeletal features. Here, analysis of the exogenous overexpression of collagen XIII in various muscles revealed highly increased transcript and protein levels, especially in the diaphragm. Unexpectedly, the main location of exogenous collagen XIII in the muscle was extrasynaptic, in fibroblast-like cells, while some motor synapses were devoid of collagen XIII, possibly due to a dominant negative effect. Concomitantly, phenotypical changes in the NMJs of the Col13a1oe mice partly resembled those previously observed in Col13a1-/- mice. Namely, the overall increase in collagen XIII expression in the muscle produced both pre- and postsynaptic abnormalities at the NMJ, especially in the diaphragm. We discovered delayed and compromised acetylcholine receptor (AChR) clustering, axonal neurofilament aggregation, patchy acetylcholine vesicle (AChV) accumulation, disrupted adhesion of the nerve and muscle, Schwann cell invagination and altered evoked synaptic function. Furthermore, the patterns of the nerve trunks and AChR clusters in the diaphragm were broader in the adult muscles, and already prenatally in the Col13a1oe mice, suggesting collagen XIII involvement in the development of the neuromuscular system. Overall, these results confirm the role of collagen XIII at the neuromuscular synapses and highlight the importance of its correct expression and localization for motor synapse formation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heli Härönen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Zarin Zainul
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Nikolay Naumenko
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Raija Sormunen
- Biocenter Oulu Electron Microscopy Core Facility, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ilkka Miinalainen
- Biocenter Oulu Electron Microscopy Core Facility, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anastasia Shakirzyanova
- Department of Neurobiology, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Physiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Sabrina Santoleri
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Antti V Kemppainen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Rashid Giniatullin
- Department of Neurobiology, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Physiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Taina Pihlajaniemi
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anne Heikkinen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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17
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Zhang H, Fredericks T, Xiong G, Qi Y, Rychahou PG, Li JD, Pihlajaniemi T, Xu W, Xu R. Membrane associated collagen XIII promotes cancer metastasis and enhances anoikis resistance. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:116. [PMID: 30285809 PMCID: PMC6167877 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-1030-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased collagen expression and deposition are associated with cancer progression and poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. However, function and regulation of membrane-associated collagen in breast cancer have not been determined. Collagen XIII is a type II transmembrane protein within the collagen superfamily. Experiments in tissue culture and knockout mouse models show that collagen XIII is involved in cell adhesion and differentiation of certain cell types. In the present study, we determined roles of collagen XIII in breast cancer progression and metastasis. METHODS We analyzed the association of collagen XIII expression with breast cancer development and metastasis using published gene expression profiles generated from human breast cancer tissues. Utilizing gain- and loss- of function approaches and 3D culture assays, we investigated roles of collagen XIII in regulating invasive tumor growth. Using the tumorsphere/mammosphere formation assay and the detachment cell culture assay, we determined whether collagen XIII enhances cancer cell stemness and induces anoikis resistance. We also inhibited collagen XIII signaling with β1 integrin function-blocking antibody. Finally, using the lung colonization assay and the orthotopic mammary tumor model, we investigated roles of collagen XIII in regulating breast cancer colonization and metastasis. Cox proportional hazard (log-rank) test, two-sided Student's t-test (two groups) and one-way ANOVA (three or more groups) analyses were used in this study. RESULTS Collagen XIII expression is significantly higher in human breast cancer tissue compared with normal mammary gland. Increased collagen XIII mRNA levels in breast cancer tissue correlated with short distant recurrence free survival. We showed that collagen XIII expression promoted invasive tumor growth in 3D culture, enhanced cancer cell stemness, and induced anoikis resistance. Collagen XIII expression induced β1 integrin activation. Blocking β1 integrin activation significantly reduced collagen XIII-induced invasion and mammosphere formation. Importantly, silencing collagen XIII in MDA-MB-231 cells reduced lung colonization and metastasis. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate a novel function of collagen XIII in promoting cancer metastasis, cell invasion, and anoikis resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China.,UK Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Tricia Fredericks
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40504, USA
| | - Gaofeng Xiong
- UK Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Yifei Qi
- UK Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Piotr G Rychahou
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40504, USA
| | - Jia-Da Li
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan Province, China
| | - Taina Pihlajaniemi
- Center for Cell-Matrix Research and Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Ren Xu
- UK Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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18
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Collagen XIII Is Required for Neuromuscular Synapse Regeneration and Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Injury. J Neurosci 2018; 38:4243-4258. [PMID: 29626165 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3119-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen XIII occurs as both a transmembrane-bound and a shed extracellular protein and is able to regulate the formation and function of neuromuscular synapses. Its absence results in myasthenia: presynaptic and postsynaptic defects at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), leading to destabilization of the motor nerves, muscle regeneration and atrophy. Mutations in COL13A1 have recently been found to cause congenital myasthenic syndrome, characterized by fatigue and chronic muscle weakness, which may be lethal. We show here that muscle defects in collagen XIII-deficient mice stabilize in adulthood, so that the disease is not progressive until very late. Sciatic nerve crush was performed to examine how the lack of collagen XIII or forced expression of its transmembrane form affects the neuromuscular synapse regeneration and functional recovery following injury. We show that collagen XIII-deficient male mice are unable to achieve complete NMJ regeneration and functional recovery. This is mainly attributable to presynaptic defects that already existed in the absence of collagen XIII before injury. Shedding of the ectodomain is not required, as the transmembrane form of collagen XIII alone fully rescues the phenotype. Thus, collagen XIII could serve as a therapeutic agent in cases of injury-induced PNS regeneration and functional recovery. We conclude that intrinsic alterations at the NMJ in Col13a1-/- mice contribute to impaired and incomplete NMJ regeneration and functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury. However, such alterations do not progress once they have stabilized in early adulthood, emphasizing the role of collagen XIII in NMJ maturation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Collagen XIII is required for gaining and maintaining the normal size, complexity, and functional capacity of neuromuscular synapses. Loss-of-function mutations in COL13A1 cause congenital myasthenic syndrome 19, characterized by postnatally progressive muscle fatigue, which compromises patients' functional capacity. We show here in collagen XIII-deficient mice that the disease stabilizes in adulthood once the NMJs have matured. This study also describes a relevant contribution of the altered NMJ morphology and function to neuromuscular synapses, and PNS regeneration and functional recovery in collagen XIII-deficient mice after peripheral nerve injury. Correlating the animal model data on collagen XIII-associated congenital myasthenic syndrome, it can be speculated that neuromuscular connections in congenital myasthenic syndrome patients are not able to fully regenerate and restore normal functionality if exposed to peripheral nerve injury.
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19
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Miyake M, Hori S, Morizawa Y, Tatsumi Y, Toritsuka M, Ohnishi S, Shimada K, Furuya H, Khadka VS, Deng Y, Ohnishi K, Iida K, Gotoh D, Nakai Y, Inoue T, Anai S, Torimoto K, Aoki K, Tanaka N, Konishi N, Fujimoto K. Collagen type IV alpha 1 (COL4A1) and collagen type XIII alpha 1 (COL13A1) produced in cancer cells promote tumor budding at the invasion front in human urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Oncotarget 2018; 8:36099-36114. [PMID: 28415608 PMCID: PMC5482641 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Current knowledge of the molecular mechanism driving tumor budding is limited. Here, we focused on elucidating the detailed mechanism underlying tumor budding in urothelial cancer of the bladder. Invasive urothelial cancer was pathologically classified into three groups as follows: nodular, trabecular, and infiltrative (tumor budding). Pathohistological analysis of the orthotopic tumor model revealed that human urothelial cancer cell lines MGH-U3, UM-UC-14, and UM-UC-3 displayed typical nodular, trabecular, and infiltrative patterns, respectively. Based on the results of comprehensive gene expression analysis using microarray (25 K Human Oligo chip), we identified two collagens, COL4A1 and COL13A1, which may contribute to the formation of the infiltrative pattern. Visualization of protein interaction networks revealed that proteins associated with connective tissue disorders, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, growth hormone, and estrogen were pivotal factors in tumor cells. To evaluate the invasion pattern of tumor cells in vitro, 3-D collective cell invasion assay using Matrigel was performed. Invadopodial formation was evaluated using Gelatin Invadopodia Assay. Knockdown of collagens with siRNA led to dramatic changes in invasion patterns and a decrease in invasion capability through decreased invadopodia. The in vivo orthotopic experimental model of bladder tumors showed that intravesical treatment with siRNA targeting COL4A1 and COL13A1 inhibited the formation of the infiltrative pattern. COL4A1 and COL13A1 production by cancer cells plays a pivotal role in tumor invasion through the induction of tumor budding. Blocking of these collagens may be an attractive therapeutic approach for treatment of human urothelial cancer of the bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makito Miyake
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Shunta Hori
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yosuke Morizawa
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Tatsumi
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Michihiro Toritsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Sayuri Ohnishi
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Keiji Shimada
- Department of Pathology, Nara City Hospital, Nara-shi, Nara, 630-8305, Japan
| | - Hideki Furuya
- Clinical and Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Vedbar S Khadka
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Youping Deng
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Kenta Ohnishi
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kota Iida
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Daisuke Gotoh
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yasushi Nakai
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Satoshi Anai
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Torimoto
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Katsuya Aoki
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Nobumichi Tanaka
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Noboru Konishi
- Department of Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kiyohide Fujimoto
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
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20
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Beeson D, Cossins J, Rodriguez-Cruz P, Maxwell S, Liu WW, Palace J. Myasthenic syndromes due to defects in COL13A1 and in the N-linked glycosylation pathway. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1413:163-169. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Beeson
- Neurosciences Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience; Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine; The John Radcliffe Oxford UK
| | - Judith Cossins
- Neurosciences Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience; Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine; The John Radcliffe Oxford UK
| | - Pedro Rodriguez-Cruz
- Neurosciences Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience; Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine; The John Radcliffe Oxford UK
| | - Susan Maxwell
- Neurosciences Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience; Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine; The John Radcliffe Oxford UK
| | - Wei-Wei Liu
- Neurosciences Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience; Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine; The John Radcliffe Oxford UK
| | - Jacqueline Palace
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience; Level 3 The West Wing; The John Radcliffe Oxford UK
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21
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Tu H, Pirskanen-Matell R, Heikkinen A, Oikarainen T, Risteli J, Pihlajaniemi T. Autoimmune antibodies to collagen XIII in myasthenia gravis patients. Muscle Nerve 2017; 57:506-510. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.25969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongmin Tu
- Centre of Excellence in Cell-Extracellular Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu; University of Oulu; FIN 90014 Oulu Finland
| | | | - Anne Heikkinen
- Centre of Excellence in Cell-Extracellular Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu; University of Oulu; FIN 90014 Oulu Finland
| | - Tuomo Oikarainen
- Centre of Excellence in Cell-Extracellular Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu; University of Oulu; FIN 90014 Oulu Finland
| | - Juha Risteli
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center; University of Oulu and Northern Finland Laboratory Centre NordLab, Oulu University Hospital; Oulu Finland
| | - Taina Pihlajaniemi
- Centre of Excellence in Cell-Extracellular Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu; University of Oulu; FIN 90014 Oulu Finland
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22
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Miyake M, Morizawa Y, Hori S, Tatsumi Y, Onishi S, Owari T, Iida K, Onishi K, Gotoh D, Nakai Y, Anai S, Chihara Y, Torimoto K, Aoki K, Tanaka N, Shimada K, Konishi N, Fujimoto K. Diagnostic and prognostic role of urinary collagens in primary human bladder cancer. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:2221-2228. [PMID: 28837258 PMCID: PMC5665760 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen type 4 alpha 1 (COL4A1) and collagen type 13 alpha 1 (COL13A1) produced by urothelial cancer cells support the vital oncogenic property of tumor invasion. We investigated the diagnostic and prognostic capability of COL4A1 and COL13A1 in voided urine and compared the observed values with those of fragments of cytokeratin-19 (CYFRA21-1), nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP-22), and voided urine cytology in bladder cancer (BCa). We collected voided urine samples from 154 patients newly diagnosed with BCa, before surgery and from 61 control subjects. Protein levels of COL4A1, COL13A1, CYFRA21-1, and NMP-22 in urine supernatants were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Diagnostic performance and optimal cut-off values were determined by receiver operating characteristic analysis. Urine levels of COL4A1, COL13A1, the combined values of COL4A1 and COL13A1 (COL4A1 + COL13A1), and CYFRA21-1 were significantly elevated in urine from patients with BCa compared to the controls. Among these biomarkers, the optimal cut-off value of COL4A1 + COL13A1 at 1.33 ng/mL resulted in 57.4%, 83.7%, 56.1%, 80.7%, and 91.7% sensitivity for low-grade tumors, high-grade tumors, Ta, T1, and muscle invasive disease, respectively. We evaluated the prognostic value of preoperative urine levels in 130 non-muscle invasive BCa samples after the initial transurethral surgery. A high urinary COL4A1 + COL13A1 was found to be an independent risk factor for intravesical recurrence. Although these data need to be externally validated, urinary COL4A1 and COL13A1 could be a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for BCa. This easy-to-use urinary signature identifies a subgroup of patients with a high probability of recurrence and progression in non-muscle invasive and muscle invasive BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makito Miyake
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Shunta Hori
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Tatsumi
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Sayuri Onishi
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Takuya Owari
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Kota Iida
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Kenta Onishi
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Daisuke Gotoh
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Yasushi Nakai
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Satoshi Anai
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | | | | | - Katsuya Aoki
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Keiji Shimada
- Department of Pathology, Nara City Hospital, Nara, Japan
| | - Noboru Konishi
- Department of Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
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23
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Monavarfeshani A, Knill CN, Sabbagh U, Su J, Fox MA. Region- and Cell-Specific Expression of Transmembrane Collagens in Mouse Brain. Front Integr Neurosci 2017; 11:20. [PMID: 28912695 PMCID: PMC5583603 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2017.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Unconventional collagens are nonfribrillar proteins that not only contribute to the structure of extracellular matrices but exhibit unique bio-activities. Although roles for unconventional collagens have been well-established in the development and function of non-neural tissues, only recently have studies identified roles for these proteins in brain development, and more specifically, in the formation and refinement of synaptic connections between neurons. Still, our understanding of the full cohort of unconventional collagens that are generated in the mammalian brain remains unclear. Here, we sought to address this gap by assessing the expression of transmembrane collagens (i.e., collagens XIII, XVII, XXIII and XXV) in mouse brain. Using quantitative PCR and in situ hybridization (ISH), we demonstrate both region- and cell-specific expression of these unique collagens in the developing brain. For the two most highly expressed transmembrane collagens (i.e., collagen XXIII and XXV), we demonstrate that they are expressed by select subsets of neurons in different parts of the brain. For example, collagen XXIII is selectively expressed by excitatory neurons in the mitral/tufted cell layer of the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) and by cells in the inner nuclear layer (INL) of the retina. On the other hand, collagen XXV, which is more broadly expressed, is generated by subsets of excitatory neurons in the dorsal thalamus and midbrain and by inhibitory neurons in the retina, ventral thalamus and telencephalon. Not only is col25a1 expression present in retina, it appears specifically enriched in retino-recipient nuclei within the brain (including the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), lateral geniculate complex, olivary pretectal nucleus (OPN) and superior colliculus). Taken together, the distinct region- and cell-specific expression patterns of transmembrane collagens suggest that this family of unconventional collagens may play unique, yet-to-be identified roles in brain development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboozar Monavarfeshani
- Developmental and Translational Neurobiology Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research InstituteRoanoke, VA, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia TechBlacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Courtney N Knill
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia TechRoanoke, VA, United States
| | - Ubadah Sabbagh
- Developmental and Translational Neurobiology Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research InstituteRoanoke, VA, United States.,Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Graduate Program, Virginia TechBlacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Jianmin Su
- Developmental and Translational Neurobiology Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research InstituteRoanoke, VA, United States
| | - Michael A Fox
- Developmental and Translational Neurobiology Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research InstituteRoanoke, VA, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia TechBlacksburg, VA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanoke, VA, United States
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24
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Härönen H, Zainul Z, Tu H, Naumenko N, Sormunen R, Miinalainen I, Shakirzyanova A, Oikarainen T, Abdullin A, Martin P, Santoleri S, Koistinaho J, Silman I, Giniatullin R, Fox MA, Heikkinen A, Pihlajaniemi T. Collagen XIII secures pre- and postsynaptic integrity of the neuromuscular synapse. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:2076-2090. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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25
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Breitenbach JS, Rinnerthaler M, Trost A, Weber M, Klausegger A, Gruber C, Bruckner D, Reitsamer HA, Bauer JW, Breitenbach M. Transcriptome and ultrastructural changes in dystrophic Epidermolysis bullosa resemble skin aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2016; 7:389-411. [PMID: 26143532 PMCID: PMC4505166 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aging process of skin has been investigated recently with respect to mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. We have here observed striking phenotypic and clinical similarity between skin aging and recessive dystrophic Epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB), which is caused by recessive mutations in the gene coding for collagen VII, COL7A1. Ultrastructural changes, defects in wound healing, and inflammation markers are in part shared with aged skin. We have here compared the skin transcriptomes of young adults suffering from RDEB with that of sex‐ and age‐matched healthy probands. In parallel we have compared the skin transcriptome of healthy young adults with that of elderly healthy donors. Quite surprisingly, there was a large overlap of the two gene lists that concerned a limited number of functional protein families. Most prominent among the proteins found are a number of proteins of the cornified envelope or proteins mechanistically involved in cornification and other skin proteins. Further, the overlap list contains a large number of genes with a known role in inflammation. We are documenting some of the most prominent ultrastructural and protein changes by immunofluorescence analysis of skin sections from patients, old individuals, and healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny S Breitenbach
- Department of Dermatology and EB House Austria, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Mark Rinnerthaler
- Fachbereich Zellbiologie der Universität Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Andrea Trost
- University Clinic of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Research Program for Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Manuela Weber
- Fachbereich Zellbiologie der Universität Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Alfred Klausegger
- Department of Dermatology and EB House Austria, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christina Gruber
- Department of Dermatology and EB House Austria, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Daniela Bruckner
- University Clinic of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Research Program for Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Herbert A Reitsamer
- University Clinic of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Research Program for Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johann W Bauer
- Department of Dermatology and EB House Austria, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
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26
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Tu H, Huhtala P, Lee HM, Adams JC, Pihlajaniemi T. Membrane-associated collagens with interrupted triple-helices (MACITs): evolution from a bilaterian common ancestor and functional conservation in C. elegans. BMC Evol Biol 2015; 15:281. [PMID: 26667623 PMCID: PMC4678570 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-015-0554-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Collagens provide structural support and guidance cues within the extracellular matrix of metazoans. Mammalian collagens XIII, XXIII and XXV form a unique subgroup of type II transmembrane proteins, each comprising a short N-terminal cytosolic domain, a transmembrane domain and a largely collagenous ectodomain. We name these collagens as MACITs (Membrane-Associated Collagens with Interrupted Triple-helices), and here investigate their evolution and conserved properties. To date, these collagens have been studied only in mammals. Knowledge of the representation of MACITs in other extant metazoans is lacking. This question is of interest for understanding structural/functional relationships in the MACIT family and also for insight into the evolution of MACITs in relation to the secreted, fibrillar collagens that are present throughout the metazoa. RESULTS MACITs are restricted to bilaterians and are represented in the Ecdysozoa, Hemichordata, Urochordata and Vertebrata (Gnathostomata). They were not identified in available early-diverging metazoans, Lophotrochozoa, Echinodermata, Cephalochordata or Vertebrata (Cyclostomata). Whereas invertebrates encode a single MACIT, collagens XIII/XXIII/XXV of jawed vertebrates are paralogues that originated from the two rounds of en-bloc genome duplication occurring early in vertebrate evolution. MACITs have conserved domain architecture in which a juxta-membrane furin-cleavage site and the C-terminal 34 residues are especially highly conserved, whereas the cytoplasmic domains are weakly conserved. To study protein expression and function in a metazoan with a single MACIT gene, we focused on Caenorhabditis elegans and its col-99 gene. A col-99 cDNA was cloned and expressed as protein in mammalian CHO cells, two antibodies against COL-99 protein were generated, and a col-99-bearing fosmid gene construct col-99::egfp::flag was used to generate transgenic C. elegans lines. The encoded COL-99 polypeptide is 85 kDa in size and forms a trimeric protein. COL-99 is plasma membrane-associated and undergoes furin-dependent ectodomain cleavage and shedding. COL-99 is detected in mouth, pharynx, body wall and the tail, mostly in motor neurons and muscle systems and is enriched at neuromuscular junctions. CONCLUSIONS Through identification of MACITs in multiple metazoan phyla we developed a model for the evolution of MACITs. The experimental data demonstrate conservation of MACIT molecular and cellular properties and tissue localisations in the invertebrate, C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmin Tu
- Centre of Excellence in Cell-Extracellular Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5, Oulu, FIN 90014, Finland.
| | - Pirkko Huhtala
- Centre of Excellence in Cell-Extracellular Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5, Oulu, FIN 90014, Finland.
| | - Hang-Mao Lee
- Centre of Excellence in Cell-Extracellular Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5, Oulu, FIN 90014, Finland.
| | - Josephine C Adams
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
| | - Taina Pihlajaniemi
- Centre of Excellence in Cell-Extracellular Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5, Oulu, FIN 90014, Finland.
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27
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Tani J, Gopinath B, Nguyen B, Wall JR. Extraocular muscle autoimmunity and orbital fat inflammation in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 3:299-311. [DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.3.3.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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28
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Maselli RA, Arredondo J, Ferns MJ, Wollmann RL. Synaptic basal lamina-associated congenital myasthenic syndromes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2013; 1275:36-48. [PMID: 23278576 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06807.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Proteins associated with the basal lamina (BL) participate in complex signal transduction processes that are essential for the development and maintenance of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Most important junctional BL proteins are collagens, such as collagen IV (α3-6), collagen XIII, and ColQ; laminins; nidogens; and heparan sulfate proteoglycans, such as perlecan and agrin. Mice lacking Colq (Colq(-/-)), laminin β2 (Lamb2(-/-)), or collagen XIII (Col13a1(-/-)) show immature nerve terminals enwrapped by Schwann cell projections that invaginate into the synaptic cleft and decrease contact surface for neurotransmission. Human mutations in COLQ, LAMB2, and AGRN cause congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMSs) owing to deficiency of ColQ, laminin-β2, and agrin, respectively. In these syndromes the NMJ ultrastructure shows striking resemblance to that of mice lacking the corresponding protein; furthermore, the extracellular localization of mutant proteins may provide favorable conditions for replacement strategies based on gene therapy and stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A Maselli
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
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29
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Singhal N, Martin PT. Role of extracellular matrix proteins and their receptors in the development of the vertebrate neuromuscular junction. Dev Neurobiol 2012; 71:982-1005. [PMID: 21766463 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.20953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The vertebrate neuromuscular junction (NMJ) remains the best-studied model for understanding the mechanisms involved in synaptogenesis, due to its relatively large size, its simplicity of patterning, and its unparalleled experimental accessibility. During neuromuscular development, each skeletal myofiber secretes and deposits around its extracellular surface an assemblage of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that ultimately form a basal lamina. This is also the case at the NMJ, where the motor nerve contributes additional factors. Before most of the current molecular components were known, it was clear that the synaptic ECM of adult skeletal muscles was unique in composition and contained factors sufficient to induce the differentiation of both pre- and postsynaptic membranes. Biochemical, genetic, and microscopy studies have confirmed that agrin, laminin (221, 421, and 521), collagen IV (α3-α6), collagen XIII, perlecan, and the ColQ-bound form of acetylcholinesterase are all synaptic ECM proteins with important roles in neuromuscular development. The roles of their many potential receptors and/or binding proteins have been more difficult to assess at the genetic level due to the complexity of membrane interactions with these large proteins, but roles for MuSK-LRP4 in agrin signaling and for integrins, dystroglycan, and voltage-gated calcium channels in laminin-dependent phenotypes have been identified. Synaptic ECM proteins and their receptors are involved in almost all aspects of synaptic development, including synaptic initiation, topography, ultrastructure, maturation, stability, and transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Singhal
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
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McCorquodale T, Lahooti H, Gopinath B, Wall JR. Long-term follow-up of seven patients with ophthalmopathy not associated with thyroid autoimmunity: heterogeneity of autoimmune ophthalmopathy. Clin Ophthalmol 2012; 6:1063-71. [PMID: 22888204 PMCID: PMC3413345 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s30704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ophthalmopathy is the most common extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease. However, in approximately 5% of cases this autoimmune eye disorder occurs in the apparent absence of Graves' hyperthyroidism: the so-called euthyroid Graves' disease (EGD). METHODS Seven patients with EGD were followed for evidence of thyroid and orbital autoimmunity, for up to 10 years. Calsequestrin and collagen XIII antibodies were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and TSH-receptor (TSH-r) antibodies were measured as TSH-r-binding antibody (TRAb) and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI). Eye signs were characterized and quantified as clinical activity score (CAS), NOSPECS classes, Nunery types 1 and 2, and margin-reflex distance (MRD). RESULTS Calsequestrin antibodies were detected on at least one occasion in three of the seven patients and collagen XIII antibodies were detected one or more times in five patients. In one patient with isolated congestive ophthalmopathy who was studied intensely, collagen XIII antibodies were initially positive and then became negative as the eye disease stabilized, while antibodies targeting calsequestrin were always negative. TRAb was not detected in any patient, but TSI was detected in three patients on one occasion each. Ultrasound abnormalities were found in four of the six patients for whom this was carried out, but there was no clear evidence for thyroiditis in any of these patients. For comparison, 13 patients were studied with typical Graves' ophthalmopathy. There were no significant differences compared to EGD in respect to the prevalence of positive calsequestrin or collagen XIII antibodies, but these patients included more smokers (eight out of 13 versus none out of seven). CONCLUSIONS Earlier studies suggesting that patients with EGD eventually develop thyroid dysfunction have not been confirmed here, although follow-up continues, and the possibility that such patients have had thyroid autoimmunity in the past, or that they will develop it in the future cannot be excluded. Overall, it is likely that the ophthalmopathy associated with Graves' hyperthyroidism is the same disease as that observed in patients - such as those reported here - in whom thyroid dysfunction and thyroid autoimmunity are not present during the period of follow- up. The role of autoimmunity against the TSH-r in euthyroid patients with ophthalmopathy has not been proven and the significance of the orbital antibodies is unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom McCorquodale
- Department of Medicine, Nepean Clinical School, the University of Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Hooshang Lahooti
- Department of Medicine, Nepean Clinical School, the University of Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Bamini Gopinath
- Centre for Vision Research, the University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Jack R Wall
- Department of Medicine, Nepean Clinical School, the University of Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia
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Ardley M, McCorquodale T, Lahooti H, Champion B, Wall JR. Eye findings and immunological markers in probands and their euthyroid relatives from a single family with multiple cases of thyroid autoimmunity. Thyroid Res 2012; 5:4. [PMID: 22742084 PMCID: PMC3464142 DOI: 10.1186/1756-6614-5-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ophthalmopathy is a common manifestation of Graves’ disease (GD) occurring in up to 50% of patients. Mild eye signs are also common in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Whilst a genetic predisposition to GD has been demonstrated this is not the case for the ophthalmopathy which often runs a separate course. Objective We determined the prevalences of eye and eyelid signs and positive thyroid and orbital antibody tests in first and second degree relatives from a single family with multiple cases of Graves’ disease, ophthalmopathy and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Design The study cohort comprised 16 subjects from the same family, 4 probands namely, 3 with GD and one with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and hypothyroidism and 12 of their euthyroid first or second degree relatives. We measured antibodies against calsequestrin (CASQ1) and collagen XIII in an enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assays and TSH-Receptor (TSH-R) antibodies as i) TSH-R binding inhibiting immunoglobulin (TBII) and ii) thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI). Eye signs were classified and quantified using the clinical activity score (CAS), NOSPECS classes, Nunery types 1 and 2 and the margin-reflex-distance (MRD) as a measure of upper eyelid retraction (UER). Main outcomes Whilst significant ophthalmopathy was uncommon in the relatives, mild eye signs, in particular UER, were demonstrated in about a third of them. The presence of eye signs was moderately, but not significantly, associated with the detection of CASQ1 and collagen XIII antibodies, but not TSH-R antibodies. Conclusion Our study demonstrates a significant prevalence of positive orbital antibody tests and ophthalmopathy in probands with thyroid autoimmunity and their euthyroid relatives, favouring a role of genetic factors in the development of ophthalmopathy in patients with thyroid autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Ardley
- The Department of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Nepean Hospital, PO Box 63, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
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Heikkinen A, Tu H, Pihlajaniemi T. Collagen XIII: a type II transmembrane protein with relevance to musculoskeletal tissues, microvessels and inflammation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 44:714-7. [PMID: 22342189 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Collagen XIII and the homologous collagens XXIII and XXV form a subgroup of type II transmembrane proteins within the collagen superfamily. Collagen XIII consists of a short cytosolic domain, a transmembrane domain and a large extracellular ectodomain, which may be shed into the pericellular matrix. It has been proposed that collagen XIII may function as an adhesion molecule, due to its cellular localization at focal contacts, numerous interactions with basement membrane (BM) and other extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and expression at various cell-cell and cell-matrix junctions. Recent in vivo studies highlight its involvement in the development, differentiation and maturation of musculoskeletal tissues and vessels and in maintaining tissue integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Heikkinen
- Center for Cell-Matrix Research and Biocenter Oulu, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, PO Box 5000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland.
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Haglund L, Tillgren V, Addis L, Wenglén C, Recklies A, Heinegård D. Identification and characterization of the integrin alpha2beta1 binding motif in chondroadherin mediating cell attachment. J Biol Chem 2010; 286:3925-34. [PMID: 21127050 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.161141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondroadherin is a leucine-rich repeat protein known to mediate adhesion of isolated cells via the integrin α(2)β(1) and to interact with collagen. In this work, we show that cell adhesion to chondroadherin leads to activation of MAPKs but does not result in cell spreading and division. This is in contrast to the spreading and dividing of cells grown on collagen, although the binding is mediated via the same α(2)β(1) receptor. We identified a cell binding motif, CQLRGLRRWLEAK(318) by mass spectrometry after protease digestion of chondroadherin. Cells adhering to the synthetic peptide CQLRGLRRWLEAK(318) remained round, as was observed when they bound to the intact protein. The peptide added in solution was able to inhibit cell adhesion to the intact protein in a dose-dependent manner and was also verified to bind to the α(2)β(1) integrin. A cyclic peptide, CQLRGLRRWLEAKASRPDATC(326), mimicking the structural constraints of this sequence in the intact protein, showed similar efficiency in inhibiting binding to chondroadherin. The unique peptide motif responsible for cellular binding is primarily located in the octamer sequence LRRWLEAK(318). Binding of cells to the active peptide or to chondroadherin immobilized on cell culture plates rapidly induces intracellular signaling (i.e. ERK phosphorylation). Thus, chondroadherin interaction with cells may be central for maintaining the adult chondrocyte phenotype and cartilage homeostasis. The peptides, particularly the more stable cyclic peptide, open new opportunities to modulate cell behavior in situations of tissue pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisbet Haglund
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, BMC Plan C12, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden
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Muscle-derived collagen XIII regulates maturation of the skeletal neuromuscular junction. J Neurosci 2010; 30:12230-41. [PMID: 20844119 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.5518-09.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation, maturation, stabilization, and functional efficacy of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) are orchestrated by transsynaptic and autocrine signals embedded within the synaptic cleft. Here, we demonstrate that collagen XIII, a nonfibrillar transmembrane collagen, is another such signal. We show that collagen XIII is expressed by muscle and its ectodomain can be proteolytically shed into the extracellular matrix. The collagen XIII protein was found present in the postsynaptic membrane and synaptic basement membrane. To identify a role for collagen XIII at the NMJ, mice were generated lacking this collagen. Morphological and ultrastructural analysis of the NMJ revealed incomplete adhesion of presynaptic and postsynaptic specializations in collagen XIII-deficient mice of both genders. Strikingly, Schwann cells erroneously enwrapped nerve terminals and invaginated into the synaptic cleft, resulting in a decreased contact surface for neurotransmission. Consistent with morphological findings, electrophysiological studies indicated both postsynaptic and presynaptic defects in Col13a1(-/-) mice, such as decreased amplitude of postsynaptic potentials, diminished probabilities of spontaneous release and reduced readily releasable neurotransmitter pool. To identify the role of collagen XIII at the NMJ, shed ectodomain of collagen XIII was applied to cultured myotubes, and it was found to advance acetylcholine receptor (AChR) cluster maturation. Together with the delay in AChR cluster development observed in collagen XIII-deficient mutants in vivo, these results suggest that collagen XIII plays an autocrine role in postsynaptic maturation of the NMJ. Altogether, the results presented here reveal that collagen XIII is a novel muscle-derived cue necessary for the maturation and function of the vertebrate NMJ.
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de Haan S, Lahooti H, Morris O, Wall JR. Epitopes, immunoglobulin classes and immunoglobulin G subclasses of calsequestrin antibodies in patients with thyroid eye disease. Autoimmunity 2010; 43:698-703. [PMID: 20670117 DOI: 10.3109/08916931003774954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A number of serum autoantibodies are associated with thyroid eye disease (TED), including those reactive against the calcium binding protein calsequestrin (CASQ). There are two isoforms of CASQ namely; CASQ1, found in skeletal, including extra ocular, muscle, and CASQ2, found in cardiac muscle. We determined (i) the reactivity profiles of CASQ1 and CASQ2 antibodies and (ii) the immunoglobulin (Ig) classes and IgG subclasses of CASQ1 antibodies, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Of the 20 patients with TED tested, 35% were positive for CASQ1 antibodies, 25% for CASQ2 antibodies and two patients (10%) were positive for both antibodies. Of the 12 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and ophthalmopathy tested, 25% were positive for CASQ1 antibodies, 42% for CASQ2 antibodies and two patients (17%) were positive for both antibodies. CASQ1 antibodies were mainly of the IgG class and IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses. These results suggest that CASQ1 and CASQ2 do not share major epitopes. Because antibodies of the IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses are cytotoxic, CASQ1 antibodies may contribute to the eye muscle damage in patients with TED. Because CASQ1 antibodies were positive in only a third of patients with active TED we are unable to draw conclusions about their role in its pathogenesis. On the other hand, a possible role of CASQ2 antibodies in the aetiology of the cardiac complications of Graves' disease is a new avenue for research and appears worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie de Haan
- Department of Medicine, Nepean Hospital, University of Sydney, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
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Tjiang H, Lahooti H, McCorquodale T, Parmar KR, Wall JR. Eye and eyelid abnormalities are common in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Thyroid 2010; 20:287-90. [PMID: 20146657 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2009.0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overt ophthalmopathy is presumed to be uncommon in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis compared to Graves' disease, where significant eye changes are found in approximately 40% of patients. On the other hand, when observing, more subtle eye changes, particularly upper eyelid retraction (UER) and mild inflammatory signs, may be common in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. METHODS We have determined the prevalence and characteristics of eye signs in recently diagnosed patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis studied prospectively since 2004 till date in Sydney (Australia). We measured serum orbital antibodies in 20 of the patients in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The overall prevalence of eye signs in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis was 34%, of whom about a quarter had chronic UER, determined as a margin-reflex distance of >5 mm, as the main sign. There was no correlation between eye signs and cigarette smoking. Overall, there was only a modest correlation between eye signs and positive antibody tests, and 40% of patients with no eye signs at the time of study were antibody positive. CONCLUSION Eye changes, in particular UER, are common in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Since thyroid stimulating hormone-receptor antibodies are not usually associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, autoimmune mediated damage of the levator palpebrae superioris (eyelid) muscle cannot be due to these antibodies. Although eyelid abnormalities may be a minor problem for most patients, for some there are major cosmetic implications requiring surgical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilman Tjiang
- Department of Medicine, Nepean Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Penrith, Australia
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38
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Tuomisto A, Sund M, Tahkola J, Latvanlehto A, Savolainen ER, Autio-Harmainen H, Liakka A, Sormunen R, Vuoristo J, West A, Lahesmaa R, Morse HC, Pihlajaniemi T. A mutant collagen XIII alters intestinal expression of immune response genes and predisposes transgenic mice to develop B-cell lymphomas. Cancer Res 2009; 68:10324-32. [PMID: 19074901 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-2582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial cells of mucosal surfaces are critical for maintaining immune homeostasis by aiding in the discrimination of pathogenic and commensal microorganisms and modulating the activities of antigen-presenting cells and lymphocytes. Functional breakdowns resulting in chronic infection and inflammation are associated with the development of hematologic and solid neoplasms for which detailed pathogenetic mechanisms are poorly understood. Mice heterozygous for a transgene Col13a1(del) expressing a mutant collagen XIII developed clonal mature B-cell lineage lymphomas originating in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). The tumors were associated with T cells and macrophages. The incidence of disease was reduced 2-fold in transgenic mice raised under specific pathogen-free conditions, suggesting a role for infectious agents. The lymphomas did not express the mutant collagen XIII, indicating that its influence on tumorigenesis was B-cell extrinsic and likely to be associated with collagen XIII-positive tissues drained by the MLN. Studies of the small intestines of transgenic mice showed that the subepithelial basement membranes (BM) were highly abnormal and that they exhibited heightened expression of genes involved in immune responses. These results define collagen XIII-dependent maintenance of the intestinal BM as a previously unappreciated component of immune responses and a critical determinant of cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Tuomisto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Tahkola J, Räsänen J, Sund M, Mäkikallio K, Autio-Harmainen H, Pihlajaniemi T. Cardiac dysfunction in transgenic mouse fetuses overexpressing shortened type XIII collagen. Cell Tissue Res 2008; 333:61-9. [PMID: 18481090 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-008-0617-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2007] [Accepted: 03/31/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of type XIII collagen molecules with an 83-amino-acid residue in-frame deletion of part of the ectodomain leads to fetal lethality in Col13a1COL2del transgenic mice. We characterize here the functional disturbances in the cardiovascular system of mouse fetuses overexpressing mutant type XIII collagen. Doppler ultrasonography was performed at 12.5 days of gestation on 33 fetuses resulting from heterozygous matings of seven female mice and on 16 fetuses from two matings between heterozygous and wild-type mice. Nine fetuses had atrioventricular valve regurgitation (AVVR), and all of them were transgene-positive. The fetuses with AVVR had a lower outflow mean velocity (Vmean; P<0.005) and a greater proportion of isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT%) in the cardiac cycle (P<0.0001) than those without AVVR, and their ductus venosus pulsatility indices for veins (DV PIV) and the umbilical artery pulsatility indices were increased. A positive correlation was found between IRT% and DV PIV, and a negative correlation was seen between outflow V(mean) and DV PIV. Morphological analysis of the heart revealed no differences between the two groups of fetuses, but histological analysis showed the trabeculation of the ventricles to be reduced and the myocardium to be thinner in the fetuses with AVVR. Based on in situ hybridization, type XIII collagen mRNAs were normal constituents of these structures. Moreover, a positive correlation was found between outflow Vmean and myocardial thickness. IRT% and DV PIV correlated negatively with myocardial thickness. Thus, overexpression of mutant type XIII collagen results in mid-gestation cardiac dysfunction in mouse fetuses, and these disturbances in cardiac function may lead to death in utero.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenni Tahkola
- Oulu Center to Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oulu, P. O. Box 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
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Gopinath B, Adams CL, Musselman R, Tani J, Wall JR. Antibodies against calsequestrin and type XIII collagen are good markers for chronic upper eyelid retraction. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2007; 15:81-8. [PMID: 17558832 DOI: 10.1080/09273940701299362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic upper eyelid retraction is a common manifestation of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) but can occur as a dominant feature of ophthalmopathy in patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism and in association with Hashimoto's thyroiditis in the absence of other eye signs except mild proptosis. METHODS We measured antibodies against calsequestrin, flavoprotein (Fp), G2s, and collagen XIII in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 15 patients with chronic upper eyelid retraction. RESULTS Calsequestrin antibodies were detected in 67% of patients with upper eyelid retraction, Fp antibodies in 47%, G2s antibodies in 20%, and collagen XIII antibodies were detected in 40% of these patients at the first visit. These prevalences were significantly greater than normal for calsequestrin and collagen XIII, but not for Fp and G2s antibodies. On follow-up, calsequestrin antibodies were detected in two more patients, for an overall prevalence of 80%. Levels of the four antibodies remained fairly constant over the study period and generally correlated with the presence and severity of upper eyelid signs. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the notion that autoimmune attack against calsequestrin and collagen XIII in the levator palpebrae superioris (LPS) muscle may play a role in the pathogenesis of upper eyelid retraction and that lid retraction may be the dominant feature of ophthalmopathy in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and non-autoimmune thyroid disease. Because calsequestrin is an intracellular protein, the corresponding autoantibodies probably do not initiate LPS muscle inflammation but may contribute to its damage. The mix of antibodies against calsequestrin and collagen XIII may shed light on the diverse presentations found in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bamini Gopinath
- Department of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Penrith, Australia
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Snellman A, Tuomisto A, Koski A, Latvanlehto A, Pihlajaniemi T. The Role of Disulfide Bonds and α-Helical Coiled-coils in the Biosynthesis of Type XIII Collagen and Other Collagenous Transmembrane Proteins. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:14898-905. [PMID: 17344215 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m609605200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Type XIII collagen is a type II transmembrane protein with three collagenous (COL1-3) and four noncollagenous domains (NC1-4). The human alpha1(XIII) chain contains altogether eight cysteine residues. We introduced point mutations to six of the most N-terminal cysteine residues, and we show here that the two cysteines 117 and 119 at the end of the N-terminal noncollagenous domain (NC1) are responsible for linking the three alpha1(XIII) chains together by means of interchain disulfide bonds. In addition, the intracellular and transmembrane domains have an impact on trimer formation, whereas the cysteines in the transmembrane domain and the COL1, the NC2, and the C-terminal NC4 domains do not affect trimer formation. We also suggest that the first three noncollagenous domains (NC1-3) harbor repeating heptad sequences typical of alpha-helical coiled-coils, whereas the conserved NC4 lacks a coiled-coil probability. Prevention of the coiled-coil conformation in the NC3 domain is shown here to result in labile type XIII collagen molecules. Furthermore, a new subgroup of collagenous transmembrane proteins, the Rattus norvegicus, Drosophila melanogaster, and Caenorhabditis elegans colmedins, is enlarged to contain also Homo sapiens collomin, and Pan troglodytes, Mus musculus, Tetraodon nigroviridis, and Dano rerio proteins. We suggest that there is a structurally varied group of collagenous transmembrane proteins whose biosynthesis is characterized by a coiled-coil motif following the transmembrane domain, and that these trimerization domains appear to be associated with each of the collagenous domains. In the case of type XIII collagen, the trimeric molecule has disulfide bonds at the junction of the NC1 and COL1 domains, and the type XIII collagen-like molecules (collagen types XXIII and XXV) and the colmedins are similar in that they all have a pair of cysteines in the same location. Moreover, furin cleavage at the NC1 domain can be expected in most of the proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Snellman
- Collagen Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oulu, PO Box 5000, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
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Väisänen T, Väisänen MR, Pihlajaniemi T. Modulation of the cellular cholesterol level affects shedding of the type XIII collagen ectodomain. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:33352-62. [PMID: 16950783 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m605896200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Type XIII collagen is a transmembrane protein that also exists as a soluble extracellular variant because of ectodomain shedding by proprotein convertases. Because ectodomain shedding in a growing number of transmembrane proteins has recently been shown to be dependent on their localization in cholesterol-enriched detergent-resistant membrane microdomains, this work aimed at analyzing this aspect of type XIII collagen ectodomain processing. In HT-1080 cells type XIII collagen and its cleaving proprotein convertase furin localized partially in detergent-resistant cholesterol-containing membrane microdomains. Disruption of these domains by lowering either the level or availability of the cellular cholesterol reduced ectodomain shedding, implying that, in such membrane domains correct cholesterol level is important for the regulation of type XIII collagen ectodomain processing. In addition, we show here that ectodomain of type XIII collagen is also shed intracellularly. HT-1080 cells released vesicles from the Golgi apparatus, which contained only the cleaved variant. Intracellular processing and the subsequent entry of the cleaved ectodomain into the vesicles was totally blocked by inhibition of the proprotein convertase function by cell-permeable chloromethylketone, but not with cell-impermeable alpha1-antitrypsin Portland. This supports the hypothesis of type XIII collagen ectodomain also being cleaved intracellularly in the Golgi and suggests that the intracellular cleavage may act as a gating event in the vesicle-mediated ectodomain secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Väisänen
- Collagen Research Unit, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oulu, Finland
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Gopinath B, Musselman R, Beard N, El-Kaissi S, Tani J, Adams CL, Wall JR. Antibodies targeting the calcium binding skeletal muscle protein calsequestrin are specific markers of ophthalmopathy and sensitive indicators of ocular myopathy in patients with Graves' disease. Clin Exp Immunol 2006; 145:56-62. [PMID: 16792674 PMCID: PMC1941994 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03110.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We have identified several eye muscle antigens and studied the significance of the corresponding serum autoantibodies in patients with Graves' disease. Of these antigens, only calsequestrin is expressed more in eye muscle than other skeletal muscles, which could explain at least partly the specific involvement of eye muscle in patients with Graves' disease. Earlier, we found a modest relationship between anti-calsequestrin antibodies and ophthalmopathy, but in that study we used calsequestrin prepared from rabbit heart muscle and measured antibodies by immunoblotting. We have reinvestigated the prevalences of anti-calsequestrin antibodies in larger groups of well-characterized patients with thyroid autoimmunity with and without ophthalmopathy and control patients and healthy subjects, using standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay incorporating highly purified rabbit skeletal muscle calsequestrin, which has a 97% homology with human calsequestrin, as antigen. Anti-calsequestrin antibodies were detected in 78% of patients with active congestive ophthalmopathy, in 92% of those with active inflammation and eye muscle involvement, but in only 22% of patients with chronic, 'burnt out' disease. Tests were also positive in 5% of patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism without evident ophthalmopathy (two patients) and one patient with 'watery eyes' but no other clear signs of congestive ophthalmopathy and IgA nephropathy and no known thyroid disease, but in no patient with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, toxic nodular goitre, non-toxic multi-nodular goitre or diabetes, or age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. In serial studies of all 11 patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism who had active ophthalmopathy at the time of the first clinic visit, or developed eye signs during the first 6 months, and positive anti-calsequestrin antibodies in at least one sample, anti-calsequestrin antibodies correlated with the onset of ocular myopathy in six patients. Antibodies targeting calsequestrin appear to be specific markers for ophthalmopathy and sensitive indicators of the ocular myopathy subtype of ophthalmopathy in patients with thyroid autoimmunity. However, these results must be considered preliminary until a large prospective study of patients with newly diagnosed Graves' hyperthyroidism, in which serum levels of calsequestrin antibodies are correlated with clinical changes and orbital eye muscle and connective tissue/fat volumes, has been carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gopinath
- Department of Medicine, University of Sydney, Nepean Hospital, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
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Määttä M, Väisänen T, Väisänen MR, Pihlajaniemi T, Tervo T. Altered expression of type XIII collagen in keratoconus and scarred human cornea: Increased expression in scarred cornea is associated with myofibroblast transformation. Cornea 2006; 25:448-53. [PMID: 16670484 DOI: 10.1097/01.ico.0000183537.45393.1f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Type XIII collagen (ColXIII) is a transmembrane protein thought to be involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. We report here on its presence in the normal human cornea and compare the results for keratoconus and scarred corneas. METHODS Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were applied to human corneal samples obtained by penetrating keratoplasty. RESULTS In the normal human cornea, ColXIII was immunolocalized to the corneal epithelial cells, and to a lesser degree to the stromal keratocytes. The keratoconus cases showed otherwise similar results, but in areas containing Bowman membrane disruptions showed thinned epithelial cells reduced immunostaining for ColXIII, whereas occasionally pronounced immunoreactivity was seen in the stromal keratocytes. The corneal scar samples contained highly increased ColXIII immunostaining by stromal cells in the fibrotic foci, whereas the peripheral areas showed less intense immunostaining. In situ hybridization confirmed that the corneal epithelium and keratocytes actively synthesize the transcript. Immunostaining with alphaSMA revealed that a substantial proportion of the ColXIII mRNA-expressing cells in the stromal scar tissues was myofibroblasts and that these areas lack CD34 immunoreactivity. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that ColXIII, which is predominantly confined to the basal corneal cells in the normal cornea, may have a role in the adhesion of corneal epithelial cells to each other and to the underlying basement membrane. Additionally, highly increased expression in scarred corneas suggests that it participates in the corneal wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Määttä
- Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
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Väisänen MR, Väisänen T, Tu H, Pirilä P, Sormunen R, Pihlajaniemi T. The shed ectodomain of type XIII collagen associates with the fibrillar fibronectin matrix and may interfere with its assembly in vitro. Biochem J 2006; 393:43-50. [PMID: 16091016 PMCID: PMC1383662 DOI: 10.1042/bj20051073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Type XIII collagen is a transmembrane collagen, which is known to exist also as a soluble variant due to ectodomain shedding. Earlier studies with the recombinant ectodomain have shown it to interact in vitro with a number of extracellular matrix proteins, e.g. Fn (fibronectin). In view of its strong binding to Fn, we examined in the present study whether the released soluble ectodomain can bind to the fibrillar Fn matrix under cell-culture conditions and, if so, influence its assembly. In this study, we demonstrate that the type XIII collagen ectodomain of mammalian cells can associate with Fn fibres and may eventually hamper incorporation of the fibrillar Fn meshwork. The association between type XIII collagen and Fn was implicated to be mediated by the C-terminal end of type XIII collagen and the N-terminal end of Fn. The results presented here imply that the shedding of the type XIII collagen ectodomain results in a biologically active molecule capable of remodelling the structure of the pericellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marja-Riitta Väisänen
- *Collagen Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Timo Väisänen
- *Collagen Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Hongmin Tu
- *Collagen Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Päivi Pirilä
- †Biocenter Oulu and Department of Chemistry, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Raija Sormunen
- ‡Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Taina Pihlajaniemi
- *Collagen Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland
- To whom correspondence should be addressed (email )
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Ylönen R, Kyrönlahti T, Sund M, Ilves M, Lehenkari P, Tuukkanen J, Pihlajaniemi T. Type XIII collagen strongly affects bone formation in transgenic mice. J Bone Miner Res 2005; 20:1381-93. [PMID: 16007336 DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.050319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2004] [Revised: 02/02/2005] [Accepted: 03/16/2005] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED To characterize the function of type XIII collagen, a transmembrane protein occurring at cell adhesion sites, we generated transgenic mice overexpressing it. High transgene expression was detected in cartilage and bone. The overexpression mice developed an unexpected skeletal phenotype marked by a massive increase in bone mass caused by increased bone formation rather than impaired resorption. INTRODUCTION Type XIII collagen is a type II transmembrane protein that is expressed in many tissues throughout development and adult life. It is located in focal adhesions of cultured fibroblasts and other cells and in the adhesive structures of tissues. To further characterize the function of this protein, we generated transgenic mice overexpressing it. High transgene expression was detected in cartilage and bone in locations also containing the endogenous protein. MATERIALS AND METHODS Col13a1 5'-flanking sequences were tested for their efficiencies to drive gene expression. Skeletal tissues of transgenic mice and wildtype littermates were compared using histological, immunohistochemical, and bone histomorphometrical analyses. Bone formation rate was measured by tetracycline double-labeling. Osteoclast number and resorption activity were determined using standard methods. RNA samples from transgenic and wildtype femurs were analyzed by Northern blotting and quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS There was no defect in early skeletal development, but the high bone mass phenotype became apparent in heterozygous mice at the age of 3-4 weeks. The changes were most noticeable in proximal long bones but were also detectable in calvarial bones. The cortical bone cross-sectional area and the volumetric BMD were highly increased, but the bone marrow was well formed. Histological and histomorphometric analysis showed that trabecular bone volume was not significantly altered. Because of the normal epiphyseal growth plates, the longitudinal growth was not affected. Bone formation rate was several times higher in the overexpression mice than in their normal littermates, whereas the osteoclast number and resorption activity were normal. RNA analysis revealed increased expression in the transcription factor Runx2 and IGF-II, both known to be involved in bone biology. CONCLUSION Overexpression of type XIII collagen in skeletal tissues leads postnatally to an abnormally high bone mass caused by increased bone formation rather than impaired resorption. The findings suggest that type XIII collagen has an important role in bone modeling, and in particular, it may have a function in coupling the regulation of bone mass to mechanical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Ylönen
- Collagen Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Franzke CW, Bruckner P, Bruckner-Tuderman L. Collagenous transmembrane proteins: recent insights into biology and pathology. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:4005-8. [PMID: 15561712 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r400034200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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De Bellis A, Sansone D, Coronella C, Conte M, Iorio S, Perrino S, Battaglia M, Bellastella G, Wall JR, Bellastella A, Bizzarro A. Serum antibodies to collagen XIII: a further good marker of active Graves' ophthalmopathy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2005; 62:24-9. [PMID: 15638866 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2004.02167.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is thought to play a key role in lymphocyte infiltration into the orbit, and serum levels of its soluble form are positively correlated to clinical activity score (CAS). Serum antibodies against collagen XIII (CollXIIIAb), a plasma membrane protein expressed at a low level in almost all connective tissue-producing cells, have been detected in GO, but their significance is unclear. The aim of this study was to search for CollXIIIAb in Graves' patients with and without ophthalmopathy and to correlate their levels with CAS and with serum soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) values. PATIENTS We studied 66 patients with Graves' disease whose sera had been previously tested for sICAM-1 levels, grouped as follows: 28 with moderate and active ophthalmopathy (group 1), 12 of them hyperthyroid (group 1a) and 16 euthyroid (group 1b); 13 with mild and inactive ophthalmopathy and normal thyroid function (group 2); 25 without ophthalmopathy (group 3), 11 of them hyperthyroid (group 3a) and 14 euthyroid (group 3b). Finally, 26 sera of normal controls were studied. MEASUREMENTS CollXIIIAb were evaluated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. RESULTS In group 1 patients, CollXIIIAb were detected at high levels in 8/12 (66.6%) in group 1a [optical density (OD) ranging from 0.529 to 0.894] and in 10/16 (62.5%) in group 1b (OD 0.560-0.855). In group 2 patients, CollXIIIAb were detected but at low levels (OD 0.205-0.260) in 4/13 patients (30.7%). In group 3 patients, CollXIIIAb were present at low levels in 6/11 (54.5%) of group 3a and in 5/14 (35.7%) of group 3b (OD 0.215-0.290 and 0.144-0.245, respectively). CollXIIIAb were detected in only 4/26 normal controls (15%) but at low levels (OD 0.150-0.185). CollXIIIAb values in both groups 1a and 1b were significantly higher than those of the remaining groups. A positive correlation between CollXIIIAb levels and CAS but not thyroid hormone levels was found in groups 1a, 1b and 2. Moreover, a positive correlation between CollXIIIAb levels and sICAM-1-values was also evidenced in all three groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that CollXIIIAb could be considered as a further good marker of active inflammatory processes involving the adipose connective tissue in GO. In particular, the high levels of CollXIIIAb in sera of Graves' patients with active ophthalmopathy could reflect an increased expression of type XIII collagen on the membrane of activated fibroblasts in these patients. Thus, the evaluation of these antibodies could be added to other known markers as a useful and inexpensive tool in monitoring Graves' patients and in modulating the treatment of GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- A De Bellis
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Surgery F. Magrassi and A. Lanzara, Second University of Naples, Italy.
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Väisänen MR, Väisänen T, Pihlajaniemi T. The shed ectodomain of type XIII collagen affects cell behaviour in a matrix-dependent manner. Biochem J 2004; 380:685-93. [PMID: 15005656 PMCID: PMC1224210 DOI: 10.1042/bj20031974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2003] [Revised: 02/26/2004] [Accepted: 03/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Transmembrane type XIII collagen resides in adhesive structures of cells and tissues, and has therefore been implicated in cell adhesion and in adhesion-dependent cell functions. This collagen also exists as a soluble protein in the pericellular matrix, as the ectodomain is released from the plasma membrane by proteolytic cleavage. Analysis with various protease inhibitors led to confirmation of the furin family of proprotein convertases as the protease group responsible for the shedding of the ectodomain, cleaving at a site conforming to the consensus sequence for the proprotein convertases at the stem of the ectodomain. Both the trans -Golgi network and the plasma membrane were used as cleavage locations. Mammalian cells employed various intracellular mechanisms to modulate shedding of the ectodomain, all resulting in a similar cleavage event. Cell detachment from the underlying substratum was also found to augment the excision. The released ectodomain rendered the pericellular surroundings less supportive of cell adhesion, migration and proliferation, as seen specifically on a vitronectin substratum. Type XIII collagen ectodomain shedding thus resulted in the formation of a soluble, biologically active molecule, which eventually modulated cell behaviour in a reciprocal and substratum-specific manner. The dual existence of membrane-bound and soluble variants widens our biological understanding of type XIII collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marja-Riitta Väisänen
- Collagen Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
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Söderberg L, Kakuyama H, Möller A, Ito A, Winblad B, Tjernberg LO, Näslund J. Characterization of the Alzheimer's disease-associated CLAC protein and identification of an amyloid beta-peptide-binding site. J Biol Chem 2004; 280:1007-15. [PMID: 15522881 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m403628200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) deposition into amyloid plaques is one of the invariant neuropathological features of Alzheimer's disease. Other proteins co-deposit with Abeta in plaques, and one recently identified amyloid-associated protein is the collagen-like Alzheimer amyloid plaque component CLAC. It is not known how CLAC deposition affects Abeta plaque genesis and the progress of the disease. Here, we studied the in vitro properties of CLAC purified from a mammalian expression system. CLAC displays features characteristic of a collagen protein, e.g. it forms a partly protease-resistant triple-helical structure, exhibits an intermediate affinity for heparin, and is glycosylated. Purified CLAC was also used to investigate the interaction between CLAC and Abeta. Using a solid-phase binding assay, we show that CLAC bound with a similar affinity to aggregates formed by Abeta-(1-40) and Abeta-(1-42) and that the interaction was impaired by increasing salt concentrations. An 8-residue-long sequence located in non-collagenous domain 2 of CLAC was found to be crucial for the interaction with Abeta. These findings may be useful for future therapeutic interventions aimed at finding compounds that modulate the binding of CLAC to Abeta deposits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Söderberg
- Karolinska Institutet and Sumitomo Pharmaceuticals Alzheimer Center, Neurotec, Novum, SE-141 57 Huddinge, Sweden.
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