1
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Carruthers ER, Grimsey NL. Cannabinoid CB 2 receptor orthologues; in vitro function and perspectives for preclinical to clinical translation. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:2247-2269. [PMID: 37349984 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoid CB2 receptor agonists are in development as therapeutic agents, including for immune modulation and pain relief. Despite promising results in rodent preclinical studies, efficacy in human clinical trials has been marginal to date. Fundamental differences in ligand engagement and signalling responses between the human CB2 receptor and preclinical model species orthologues may contribute to mismatches in functional outcomes. This is a tangible possibility for the CB2 receptor in that there is a relatively large degree of primary amino acid sequence divergence between human and rodent. Here, we summarise CB2 receptor gene and protein structure, assess comparative molecular pharmacology between CB2 receptor orthologues, and review the current status of preclinical to clinical translation for drugs targeted at the CB2 receptor, focusing on comparisons between human, mouse and rat receptors. We hope that raising wider awareness of, and proposing strategies to address, this additional challenge in drug development will assist in ongoing efforts toward successful therapeutic translation of drugs targeted at the CB2 receptor. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue Therapeutic Targeting of G Protein-Coupled Receptors: hot topics from the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists 2021 Virtual Annual Scientific Meeting. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.14/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma R Carruthers
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Natasha L Grimsey
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland, New Zealand
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2
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Han L, Lu SN, Nishimura T, Kobayashi K. Regulatory roles of dopamine D2 receptor in milk protein production and apoptosis in mammary epithelial cells. Exp Cell Res 2024; 439:114090. [PMID: 38740167 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs) play crucial roles in regulating diverse physiological functions of the central nervous system and peripheral organs. D2Rs are also expressed in mammary glands. However, which cell types express D2Rs and whether they are involved in milk production remains unclear. The present findings revealed that D2Rs are expressed in the apical regions of the lateral membranes of mammary epithelial cells (MECs) in lactating mice. We also investigated the effects of the D2R agonist bromocriptine and/or antagonist domperidone on intracellular cAMP levels, milk protein production, and apoptosis in a lactation culture model of MECs that produce major milk components like lactating MECs in vivo. We found that bromocriptine decreased intracellular cAMP levels, whereas domperidone dose-dependently neutralized this effect. Bromocriptine also inhibited casein and lactoferrin production and suppressed activities of STAT5 and glucocorticoid receptors (GRs). Domperidone neutralized the inhibition of casein production as well as STAT5 and GR inactivation induced by bromocriptine. Furthermore, D2R activation by bromocriptine induced apoptosis and inactivated ERK, a signaling molecule responsible for promoting cell proliferation and survival. Domperidone attenuated ERK inactivation and apoptosis induced by bromocriptine. These findings suggest that D2Rs play regulatory roles in milk protein production and apoptosis in MECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Han
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, North 9, West 9, 060-8589, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Shan-Ni Lu
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, North 9, West 9, 060-8589, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Takanori Nishimura
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, North 9, West 9, 060-8589, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Ken Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, North 9, West 9, 060-8589, Sapporo, Japan.
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3
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Bueschbell B, Magalhães PR, Barreto CA, Melo R, Schiedel AC, Machuqueiro M, Moreira IS. The World of GPCR dimers - Mapping dopamine receptor D 2 homodimers in different activation states and configuration arrangements. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:4336-4353. [PMID: 37711187 PMCID: PMC10497915 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are known to dimerize, but the molecular and structural basis of GPCR dimers is not well understood. In this study, we developed a computational framework to generate models of symmetric and asymmetric GPCR dimers using different monomer activation states and identified their most likely interfaces with molecular details. We chose the dopamine receptor D2 (D2R) homodimer as a case study because of its biological relevance and the availability of structural information. Our results showed that transmembrane domains 4 and 5 (TM4 and TM5) are mostly found at the dimer interface of the D2R dimer and that these interfaces have a subset of key residues that are mostly nonpolar from TM4 and TM5, which was in line with experimental studies. In addition, TM2 and TM3 appear to be relevant for D2R dimers. In some cases, the inactive configuration is unaffected by the partnered protomer, whereas in others, the active protomer adopts the properties of an inactive receptor. Additionally, the β-arrestin configuration displayed the properties of an active receptor in the absence of an agonist, suggesting that a switch to another meta-state during dimerization occurred. Our findings are consistent with the experimental data, and this method can be adapted to study heterodimers and potentially extended to include additional proteins such as G proteins or β-arrestins. In summary, this approach provides insight into the impact of the conformational status of partnered protomers on the overall quaternary GPCR macromolecular structure and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Bueschbell
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- IIIs-Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro R. Magalhães
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande C8 bdg, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos A.V. Barreto
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- IIIs-Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rita Melo
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anke C. Schiedel
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Miguel Machuqueiro
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande C8 bdg, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Irina S. Moreira
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
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Xu J, Pittenger C. The histamine H3 receptor modulates dopamine D2 receptor-dependent signaling pathways and mouse behaviors. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104583. [PMID: 36871761 PMCID: PMC10139999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The histamine H3 receptor (H3R) is highly enriched in the spiny projection neurons (SPNs) of the striatum, in both the D1 receptor (D1R)-expressing and D2 receptor (D2R)-expressing populations. A crossantagonistic interaction between H3R and D1R has been demonstrated in mice, both at the behavioral level and at the biochemical level. Although interactive behavioral effects have been described upon coactivation of H3R and D2R, the molecular mechanisms underlying this interaction are poorly understood. Here, we show that activation of H3R with the selective agonist R-(-)-α-methylhistamine dihydrobromide mitigates D2R agonist-induced locomotor activity and stereotypic behavior. Using biochemical approaches and the proximity ligation assay, we demonstrated the existence of an H3R-D2R complex in the mouse striatum. In addition, we examined consequences of simultaneous H3R-D2R agonism on the phosphorylation levels of several signaling molecules using immunohistochemistry. H3R agonist treatment modulated Akt (serine/threonine PKB)-glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta signaling in response to D2R activation via a β-arrestin 2-dependent mechanism in D2R-SPNs but not in D1R-SPNs. Phosphorylation of mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase 1 and rpS6 (ribosomal protein S6) was largely unchanged under these conditions. As Akt-glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta signaling has been implicated in several neuropsychiatric disorders, this work may help clarify the role of H3R in modulating D2R function, leading to a better understanding of pathophysiology involving the interaction between histamine and dopamine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University. ,
| | - Christopher Pittenger
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University; Department of Psychology, Yale University; Department of Child Study Center, Yale University; Department of Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University; Department of Wu-Tsai Institute, Yale University; Department of Center for Brain and Mind Health, Yale University.
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Dale NC, Johnstone EKM, Pfleger KDG. GPCR heteromers: An overview of their classification, function and physiological relevance. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:931573. [PMID: 36111299 PMCID: PMC9468249 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.931573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are capable of interacting to form higher order structures such as homomers and heteromers. Heteromerisation in particular has implications for receptor function, with research showing receptors can attain unique expression, ligand binding, signalling and intracellular trafficking upon heteromerisation. As such, GPCR heteromers represent novel drug targets with extensive therapeutic potential. Changes to ligand affinity, efficacy and G protein coupling have all been described, with alterations to these pharmacological aspects now well accepted as common traits for heteromeric complexes. Changes in internalisation and trafficking kinetics, as well as β-arrestin interactions are also becoming more apparent, however, few studies to date have explicitly looked at the implications these factors have upon the signalling profile of a heteromer. Development of ligands to target GPCR heteromers both experimentally and therapeutically has been mostly concentrated on bivalent ligands due to difficulties in identifying and developing heteromer-specific ligands. Improving our understanding of the pharmacology and physiology of GPCR heteromers will enable further development of heteromer-specific ligands with potential to provide therapeutics with increased efficacy and decreased side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha C. Dale
- Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Elizabeth K. M. Johnstone
- Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Kevin D. G. Pfleger, ; Elizabeth K. M. Johnstone,
| | - Kevin D. G. Pfleger
- Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Perth, WA, Australia
- Dimerix Limited, Nedlands, Australia
- *Correspondence: Kevin D. G. Pfleger, ; Elizabeth K. M. Johnstone,
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6
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Ulloa-Aguirre A, Zariñán T, Gutiérrez-Sagal R, Tao YX. Targeting trafficking as a therapeutic avenue for misfolded GPCRs leading to endocrine diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:934685. [PMID: 36093106 PMCID: PMC9452723 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.934685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are plasma membrane proteins associated with an array of functions. Mutations in these receptors lead to a number of genetic diseases, including diseases involving the endocrine system. A particular subset of loss-of-function mutant GPCRs are misfolded receptors unable to traffic to their site of function (i.e. the cell surface plasma membrane). Endocrine disorders in humans caused by GPCR misfolding include, among others, hypo- and hyper-gonadotropic hypogonadism, morbid obesity, familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia and neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism, X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, congenital hypothyroidism, and familial glucocorticoid resistance. Several in vitro and in vivo experimental approaches have been employed to restore function of some misfolded GPCRs linked to endocrine disfunction. The most promising approach is by employing pharmacological chaperones or pharmacoperones, which assist abnormally and incompletely folded proteins to refold correctly and adopt a more stable configuration to pass the scrutiny of the cell's quality control system, thereby correcting misrouting. This review covers the most important aspects that regulate folding and traffic of newly synthesized proteins, as well as the experimental approaches targeted to overcome protein misfolding, with special focus on GPCRs involved in endocrine diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Ulloa-Aguirre
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación (RAI), National University of Mexico and Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Alfredo Ulloa-Aguirre,
| | - Teresa Zariñán
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación (RAI), National University of Mexico and Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rubén Gutiérrez-Sagal
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación (RAI), National University of Mexico and Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ya-Xiong Tao
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, United States
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7
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Arrestin recruitment to dopamine D2 receptor mediates locomotion but not incentive motivation. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:2086-2100. [PMID: 30120413 PMCID: PMC6378141 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0212-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The dopamine (DA) D2 receptor (D2R) is an important target for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease. However, the development of improved therapeutic strategies has been hampered by our incomplete understanding of this receptor's downstream signaling processes in vivo and how these relate to the desired and undesired effects of drugs. D2R is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that activates G protein-dependent as well as non-canonical arrestin-dependent signaling pathways. Whether these effector pathways act alone or in concert to facilitate specific D2R-dependent behaviors is unclear. Here, we report on the development of a D2R mutant that recruits arrestin but is devoid of G protein activity. When expressed virally in "indirect pathway" medium spiny neurons (iMSNs) in the ventral striatum of D2R knockout mice, this mutant restored basal locomotor activity and cocaine-induced locomotor activity in a manner indistinguishable from wild-type D2R, indicating that arrestin recruitment can drive locomotion in the absence of D2R-mediated G protein signaling. In contrast, incentive motivation was enhanced only by wild-type D2R, signifying a dissociation in the mechanisms that underlie distinct D2R-dependent behaviors, and opening the door to more targeted therapeutics.
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8
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Shah UH, Toneatti R, Gaitonde SA, Shin JM, González-Maeso J. Site-Specific Incorporation of Genetically Encoded Photo-Crosslinkers Locates the Heteromeric Interface of a GPCR Complex in Living Cells. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:1308-1317.e4. [PMID: 32726588 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are critical mediators of cell signaling. Although capable of activating G proteins in a monomeric form, numerous studies reveal a possible association of class A GPCRs into dimers/oligomers. The relative location of individual protomers within these GPCR complexes remains a topic of intense debate. We previously reported that class A serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) and class C metabotropic glutamate 2 receptor (mGluR2) are able to form a GPCR heterocomplex. By introducing the photoactivatable unnatural amino acid p-azido-L-phenylalanine (azF) at selected individual positions along the transmembrane (TM) segments of mGluR2, we delineate the residues that physically interact at the heteromeric interface of the 5-HT2AR-mGluR2 complex. We show that 5-HT2AR crosslinked with azF incorporated at the intracellular end of mGluR2's TM4, while no crosslinking was observed at other positions along TM1 and TM4. Together, these findings provide important insights into the structural arrangement of the 5-HT2AR-mGluR2 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urjita H Shah
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Rudy Toneatti
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Supriya A Gaitonde
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Jong M Shin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
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Barreto CAV, Baptista SJ, Preto AJ, Matos-Filipe P, Mourão J, Melo R, Moreira I. Prediction and targeting of GPCR oligomer interfaces. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020; 169:105-149. [PMID: 31952684 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
GPCR oligomerization has emerged as a hot topic in the GPCR field in the last years. Receptors that are part of these oligomers can influence each other's function, although it is not yet entirely understood how these interactions work. The existence of such a highly complex network of interactions between GPCRs generates the possibility of alternative targets for new therapeutic approaches. However, challenges still exist in the characterization of these complexes, especially at the interface level. Different experimental approaches, such as FRET or BRET, are usually combined to study GPCR oligomer interactions. Computational methods have been applied as a useful tool for retrieving information from GPCR sequences and the few X-ray-resolved oligomeric structures that are accessible, as well as for predicting new and trustworthy GPCR oligomeric interfaces. Machine-learning (ML) approaches have recently helped with some hindrances of other methods. By joining and evaluating multiple structure-, sequence- and co-evolution-based features on the same algorithm, it is possible to dilute the issues of particular structures and residues that arise from the experimental methodology into all-encompassing algorithms capable of accurately predict GPCR-GPCR interfaces. All these methods used as a single or a combined approach provide useful information about GPCR oligomerization and its role in GPCR function and dynamics. Altogether, we present experimental, computational and machine-learning methods used to study oligomers interfaces, as well as strategies that have been used to target these dynamic complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A V Barreto
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Salete J Baptista
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, CTN, LRS, Portugal
| | - António José Preto
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro Matos-Filipe
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Mourão
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rita Melo
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, CTN, LRS, Portugal
| | - Irina Moreira
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Science and Technology Faculty, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Enhanced oligomerization of full-length RAGE by synergy of the interaction of its domains. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20332. [PMID: 31889156 PMCID: PMC6937306 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56993-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The pattern recognition receptor RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end-products) transmits proinflammatory signals in several inflammation-related pathological states, including vascular diseases, cancer, neurodegeneration and diabetes. Its oligomerization is believed to be important in signal transduction, but RAGE oligomeric structures and stoichiometries remain unclear. Different oligomerization modes have been proposed in studies involving different truncated versions of the extracellular parts of RAGE. Here, we provide basic characterization of the oligomerization patterns of full-length RAGE (including the transmembrane (TM) and cytosolic regions) and compare the results with oligomerization modes of its four truncated fragments. For this purpose, we used native mass spectrometry, analytical ultracentrifugation, and size-exclusion chromatography coupled with multi-angle light scattering. Our results confirm known oligomerization tendencies of separate domains and highlight the enhanced oligomerization properties of full-length RAGE. Mutational analyses within the GxxxG motif of the TM region show sensitivity of oligomeric distributions to the TM sequence. Using hydrogen–deuterium exchange, we mapped regions involved in TM-dependent RAGE oligomerization. Our data provide experimental evidence for the major role of the C2 and TM domains in oligomerization, underscoring synergy among different oligomerization contact regions along the RAGE sequence. These results also explain the variability of obtained oligomerization modes in RAGE fragments.
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11
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Faron-Górecka A, Kuśmider M, Solich J, Górecki A, Dziedzicka-Wasylewska M. Genetic variants in dopamine receptors influence on heterodimerization in the context of antipsychotic drug action. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2019; 169:279-296. [PMID: 31952689 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Human dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) gene has polymorphic variants, three of them alter its amino acid sequence: Val96Ala, Pro310Ser and Ser311Cys. Their functional role never became the object of extensive studies, even though there are some evidence that they correlate with schizophrenia. The present work reviews data indicating that these mutations play a role in dimer formation with dopamine D1 receptor (D1R), with the strongest effect observed for Ser311Cys variant. Similarly, the affinity for antipsychotic drugs of this genetic variant depends on whether it is expressed together with D1R or not. Better understanding of altered ability of genetic variants of D2R to form dimers with D1R, as well as of altered affinity for antipsychotic drugs, depending on the absence or presence of the second dopamine receptor is of great importance-since these two receptors are not always co-expressed in the same cell. It may well be that targeting new compounds toward the D1R-D2R dimers, which the most probably form under conditions of excessive dopamine release, will result in antipsychotic drugs devoid of serious side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Faron-Górecka
- Department of Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Maciej Kuśmider
- Department of Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Solich
- Department of Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Górecki
- Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Dziedzicka-Wasylewska
- Department of Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland; Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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12
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Role of Endocannabinoid System in the Peripheral Antinociceptive Action of Aripiprazole. Anesth Analg 2019; 129:263-268. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000003723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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13
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Townsend-Nicholson A, Altwaijry N, Potterton A, Morao I, Heifetz A. Computational prediction of GPCR oligomerization. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2019; 55:178-184. [PMID: 31170578 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
There has been a recent and prolific expansion in the number of GPCR crystal structures being solved: in both active and inactive forms and in complex with ligand, with G protein and with each other. Despite this, there is relatively little experimental information about the precise configuration of GPCR oligomers during these different biologically relevant states. While it may be possible to identify the experimental conditions necessary to crystallize a GPCR preferentially in a specific structural conformation, computational approaches afford a potentially more tractable means of describing the probability of formation of receptor dimers and higher order oligomers. Ensemble-based computational methods based on structurally determined dimers, coupled with a computational workflow that uses quantum mechanical methods to analyze the chemical nature of the molecular interactions at a GPCR dimer interface, will generate the reproducible and accurate predictions needed to predict previously unidentified GPCR dimers and to inform future advances in our ability to understand and begin to precisely manipulate GPCR oligomers in biological systems. It may also provide information needed to achieve an increase in the number of experimentally determined oligomeric GPCR structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Townsend-Nicholson
- Institute of Structural & Molecular Biology, Research Department of Structural & Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
| | - Nojood Altwaijry
- Institute of Structural & Molecular Biology, Research Department of Structural & Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Potterton
- Institute of Structural & Molecular Biology, Research Department of Structural & Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom; Evotec (UK) Ltd., 114 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RZ, United Kingdom
| | - Inaki Morao
- Evotec (UK) Ltd., 114 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RZ, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Heifetz
- Evotec (UK) Ltd., 114 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RZ, United Kingdom
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14
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Wouters E, Marín AR, Dalton JAR, Giraldo J, Stove C. Distinct Dopamine D₂ Receptor Antagonists Differentially Impact D₂ Receptor Oligomerization. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071686. [PMID: 30987329 PMCID: PMC6480712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine D2 receptors (D2R) are known to form transient homodimer complexes, of which the increased formation has already been associated with development of schizophrenia. Pharmacological targeting and modulation of the equilibrium of these receptor homodimers might lead to a better understanding of the critical role played by these complexes in physiological and pathological conditions. Whereas agonist addition has shown to prolong the D2R dimer lifetime and increase the level of dimer formation, the possible influence of D2R antagonists on dimerization has remained rather unexplored. Here, using a live-cell reporter assay based on the functional complementation of a split Nanoluciferase, a panel of six D2R antagonists were screened for their ability to modulate the level of D2LR dimer formation. Incubation with the D2R antagonist spiperone decreased the level of D2LR dimer formation significantly by 40–60% in real-time and after long-term (≥16 h) incubations. The fact that dimer formation of the well-studied A2a–D2LR dimer was not altered following incubation with spiperone supports the specificity of this observation. Other D2R antagonists, such as clozapine, risperidone, and droperidol did not significantly evoke this dissociation event. Furthermore, molecular modeling reveals that spiperone presents specific Tyr1995.48 and Phe3906.52 conformations, compared to clozapine, which may determine D2R homodimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Wouters
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Adrián Ricarte Marín
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology and Bioinformatics, Unitat de Bioestadística, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - James Andrew Rupert Dalton
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology and Bioinformatics, Unitat de Bioestadística, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Jesús Giraldo
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology and Bioinformatics, Unitat de Bioestadística, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Christophe Stove
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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15
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Vass M, Podlewska S, de Esch IJP, Bojarski AJ, Leurs R, Kooistra AJ, de Graaf C. Aminergic GPCR-Ligand Interactions: A Chemical and Structural Map of Receptor Mutation Data. J Med Chem 2018; 62:3784-3839. [PMID: 30351004 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aminergic family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) plays an important role in various diseases and represents a major drug discovery target class. Structure determination of all major aminergic subfamilies has enabled structure-based ligand design for these receptors. Site-directed mutagenesis data provides an invaluable complementary source of information for elucidating the structural determinants of binding of different ligand chemotypes. The current study provides a comparative analysis of 6692 mutation data points on 34 aminergic GPCR subtypes, covering the chemical space of 540 unique ligands from mutagenesis experiments and information from experimentally determined structures of 52 distinct aminergic receptor-ligand complexes. The integrated analysis enables detailed investigation of structural receptor-ligand interactions and assessment of the transferability of combined binding mode and mutation data across ligand chemotypes and receptor subtypes. An overview is provided of the possibilities and limitations of using mutation data to guide the design of novel aminergic receptor ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márton Vass
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS) , VU University Amsterdam , 1081HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Sabina Podlewska
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacology , Polish Academy of Sciences , Smętna 12 , PL31-343 Kraków , Poland
| | - Iwan J P de Esch
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS) , VU University Amsterdam , 1081HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Andrzej J Bojarski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacology , Polish Academy of Sciences , Smętna 12 , PL31-343 Kraków , Poland
| | - Rob Leurs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS) , VU University Amsterdam , 1081HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Albert J Kooistra
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS) , VU University Amsterdam , 1081HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands.,Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Chris de Graaf
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS) , VU University Amsterdam , 1081HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands.,Sosei Heptares , Steinmetz Building, Granta Park, Great Abington , Cambridge CB21 6DG , U.K
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16
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Casadó-Anguera V, Moreno E, Mallol J, Ferré S, Canela EI, Cortés A, Casadó V. Reinterpreting anomalous competitive binding experiments within G protein-coupled receptor homodimers using a dimer receptor model. Pharmacol Res 2018; 139:337-347. [PMID: 30472462 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been reported to be expressed in the plasma membrane as dimers. Since most ligand binding data are currently fitted by classical equations developed only for monomeric receptors, the interpretation of data could be misleading in the presence of GPCR dimers. On the other hand, the equations developed from dimer receptor models assuming the existence of two orthosteric binding sites within the dimeric molecule offer the possibility to directly calculate macroscopic equilibrium dissociation constants for the two sites, an index of cooperativity (DC) that reflects the molecular communication within the dimer and, importantly, a constant of radioligand-competitor allosteric interaction (KDAB) in competitive assays. Here, we provide a practical way to fit competitive binding data that allows the interpretation of apparently anomalous results, such as competition curves that could be either bell-shaped, monophasic or biphasic depending on the assay conditions. The consideration of a radioligand-competitor allosteric interaction allows fitting these curve patterns both under simulation conditions and in real radioligand binding experiments, obtaining competitor affinity parameters closer to the actual values. Our approach is the first that, assuming the formation of receptor homodimers, is able to explain several experimental results previously considered erroneous due to their impossibility to be fitted. We also deduce the radioligand concentration responsible for the conversion of biphasic to monophasic or to bell-shaped curves in competitive radioligand binding assays. In conclusion, bell-shaped curves in competitive binding experiments constitute evidence for GPCR homodimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verònica Casadó-Anguera
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Estefanía Moreno
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Josefa Mallol
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Sergi Ferré
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, I.R.P., N.I.H., D.H.H.S., Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
| | - Enric I Canela
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Antoni Cortés
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Vicent Casadó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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17
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Xie X, Cheng YS, Wen MH, Calindi A, Yang K, Chiu CW, Chen TY. Quantifying the Oligomeric States of Membrane Proteins in Cells through Super-Resolution Localizations. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:10496-10504. [PMID: 30384609 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b10402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Transitions between different oligomeric states of membrane proteins are essential for proper cellular functions. However, the quantification of their oligomeric states in cells is technically challenging. Here we developed a new method to quantify oligomeric state(s) of highly expressed membrane proteins using the probability density function of molecule density ( PDFMD) calculated from super-resolution localizations. We provided the theoretical model of PDFMD, discussed the effects of protein concentration, cell geometry, and photophysics of fluorescent proteins on PDFMD, and provided experimental criteria for proper quantification of oligomeric states. This method was further validated using simulated single-molecule fluorescent movies and applied to two membrane proteins, UhpT and SbmA in E. coli. The study shows that PDFMD is useful in quantifying oligomeric states of membrane proteins in cells that can help in understanding cellular tasks. Potential applications to proteins with higher oligomeric states under high concentration and limitations of our methodology were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihong Xie
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204 , United States
| | - Yu-Shan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204 , United States
| | - Meng-Hsuan Wen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204 , United States
| | - Aparna Calindi
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204 , United States
| | - Karen Yang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204 , United States
| | - Chi-Wei Chiu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204 , United States
| | - Tai-Yen Chen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204 , United States
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18
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Pulido D, Casadó-Anguera V, Pérez-Benito L, Moreno E, Cordomí A, López L, Cortés A, Ferré S, Pardo L, Casadó V, Royo M. Design of a True Bivalent Ligand with Picomolar Binding Affinity for a G Protein-Coupled Receptor Homodimer. J Med Chem 2018; 61:9335-9346. [PMID: 30257092 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bivalent ligands have emerged as chemical tools to study G protein-coupled receptor dimers. Using a combination of computational, chemical, and biochemical tools, here we describe the design of bivalent ligand 13 with high affinity ( KDB1 = 21 pM) for the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) homodimer. Bivalent ligand 13 enhances the binding affinity relative to monovalent compound 15 by 37-fold, indicating simultaneous binding at both protomers. Using synthetic peptides with amino acid sequences of transmembrane (TM) domains of D2R, we provide evidence that TM6 forms the interface of the homodimer. Notably, the disturber peptide TAT-TM6 decreased the binding of bivalent ligand 13 by 52-fold and had no effect on monovalent compound 15, confirming the D2R homodimer through TM6 ex vivo. In conclusion, by using a versatile multivalent chemical platform, we have developed a precise strategy to generate a true bivalent ligand that simultaneously targets both orthosteric sites of the D2R homodimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pulido
- Biomaterials and Nanomedicine , Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Barcelona Science Park , 08028 Barcelona , Spain.,Combinatorial Chemistry Unit , Barcelona Science Park , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Verònica Casadó-Anguera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology , University of Barcelona , 08028 Barcelona , Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) , 08028 Barcelona , Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine , University of Barcelona (IBUB) , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Laura Pérez-Benito
- Laboratory of Computational Medicine, Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain
| | - Estefanía Moreno
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology , University of Barcelona , 08028 Barcelona , Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) , 08028 Barcelona , Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine , University of Barcelona (IBUB) , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Arnau Cordomí
- Laboratory of Computational Medicine, Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain
| | - Laura López
- Laboratory of Computational Medicine, Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain
| | - Antoni Cortés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology , University of Barcelona , 08028 Barcelona , Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) , 08028 Barcelona , Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine , University of Barcelona (IBUB) , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Sergi Ferré
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program , National Institutes of Health , Baltimore , Maryland 21224 , United States
| | - Leonardo Pardo
- Laboratory of Computational Medicine, Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain
| | - Vicent Casadó
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology , University of Barcelona , 08028 Barcelona , Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) , 08028 Barcelona , Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine , University of Barcelona (IBUB) , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Miriam Royo
- Biomaterials and Nanomedicine , Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Barcelona Science Park , 08028 Barcelona , Spain.,Combinatorial Chemistry Unit , Barcelona Science Park , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
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19
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Salmas RE, Seeman P, Stein M, Durdagi S. Structural Investigation of the Dopamine-2 Receptor Agonist Bromocriptine Binding to Dimeric D2 HighR and D2 LowR States. J Chem Inf Model 2018. [PMID: 29537837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.7b00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The active (D2HighR) and inactive (D2LowR) states of dimeric dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) models were investigated to clarify the binding mechanisms of the dopamine agonist bromocriptine, using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation. The aim of this comprehensive study was to investigate the critical effects of bromocriptine binding on each distinct receptor conformation. The different binding modes of the bromocriptine ligand in the active and inactive states have a significant effect on the conformational changes of the receptor. Based on the MM/GBSA approach, the calculated binding enthalpies of bromocriptine demonstrated selectivity toward the D2HighR active state. There is good agreement between the calculated and experimentally measured D2HighR selectivity. In the ligand-binding site, the key amino acids identified for D2HighR were Asp114(3.32) and Glu95(2.65), and for D2LowR, it was Ser193(5.42). Moreover, analysis of replicate MD trajectories demonstrated that the bromocriptine structure was more rigid at the D2HighR state and more flexible at the D2LowR state. However, the side chains of the ligand-receptor complex of D2HighR showed larger variations relative to the corresponding regions of D2LowR. The present study is part of an ongoing research program to study D2R conformational changes during ligand activation and to evaluate the conformational state selectivity for ligand binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Ekhteiari Salmas
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine , Bahcesehir University , Istanbul 34349 , Turkey
| | - Philip Seeman
- Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry , University of Toronto , 260 Heath Street West, Unit 605 , M5P 3L6 Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Matthias Stein
- Molecular Simulations and Design Group , Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems , Sandtorstrasse 1 , 39106 Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Serdar Durdagi
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine , Bahcesehir University , Istanbul 34349 , Turkey.,Neuroscience Program, Graduate School of Health Sciences , Bahcesehir University , Istanbul 34349 , Turkey
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20
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Durdagi S, Erol I, Salmas RE, Aksoydan B, Kantarcioglu I. Oligomerization and cooperativity in GPCRs from the perspective of the angiotensin AT1 and dopamine D2 receptors. Neurosci Lett 2018; 700:30-37. [PMID: 29684528 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) can form homo- and heterodimers or constitute higher oligomeric clusters with other heptahelical GPCRs. In this article, multiscale molecular modeling approaches as well as experimental techniques which are used to study oligomerization of GPCRs are reviewed. In particular, the effect of dimerization/oligomerization to the ligand binding affinity of individual protomers and also on the efficacy of the oligomer are discussed by including diverse examples from the literature. In addition, possible allosteric effects that may emerge upon interaction of GPCRs with membrane components, like cholesterol, is also discussed. Investigation of these above-mentioned interactions may greatly contribute to the candidate molecule screening studies and development of novel therapeutics with fewer adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Durdagi
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University (BAU), Istanbul, Turkey; Neuroscience Program, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ismail Erol
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University (BAU), Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ramin Ekhteiari Salmas
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University (BAU), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Busecan Aksoydan
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University (BAU), Istanbul, Turkey; Neuroscience Program, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Isik Kantarcioglu
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University (BAU), Istanbul, Turkey; Bioengineering Program, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
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21
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Guidolin D, Marcoli M, Tortorella C, Maura G, Agnati LF. G protein-coupled receptor-receptor interactions give integrative dynamics to intercellular communication. Rev Neurosci 2018; 29:703-726. [DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2017-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The proposal of receptor-receptor interactions (RRIs) in the early 1980s broadened the view on the role of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) in the dynamics of the intercellular communication. RRIs, indeed, allow GPCR to operate not only as monomers but also as receptor complexes, in which the integration of the incoming signals depends on the number, spatial arrangement, and order of activation of the protomers forming the complex. The main biochemical mechanisms controlling the functional interplay of GPCR in the receptor complexes are direct allosteric interactions between protomer domains. The formation of these macromolecular assemblies has several physiologic implications in terms of the modulation of the signaling pathways and interaction with other membrane proteins. It also impacts on the emerging field of connectomics, as it contributes to set and tune the synaptic strength. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests that the transfer of GPCR and GPCR complexes between cells via the exosome pathway could enable the target cells to recognize/decode transmitters and/or modulators for which they did not express the pertinent receptors. Thus, this process may also open the possibility of a new type of redeployment of neural circuits. The fundamental aspects of GPCR complex formation and function are the focus of the present review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Guidolin
- Department of Neuroscience , University of Padova, via Gabelli 65 , I-35121 Padova , Italy
| | - Manuela Marcoli
- Department of Pharmacy and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research , University of Genova , I-16126 Genova , Italy
| | - Cinzia Tortorella
- Department of Neuroscience , University of Padova, via Gabelli 65 , I-35121 Padova , Italy
| | - Guido Maura
- Department of Pharmacy and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research , University of Genova , I-16126 Genova , Italy
| | - Luigi F. Agnati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , I-41121 Modena , Italy
- Department of Neuroscience , Karolinska Institutet , S-17177 Stockholm , Sweden
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22
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Ulloa-Aguirre A, Zariñán T, Gutiérrez-Sagal R, Dias JA. Intracellular Trafficking of Gonadotropin Receptors in Health and Disease. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2018; 245:1-39. [PMID: 29063275 DOI: 10.1007/164_2017_49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Gonadotropin receptors belong to the highly conserved subfamily of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily, the so-called Rhodopsin-like family (class A), which is the largest class of GPCRs and currently a major drug target. Both the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and the luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin hormone receptor (LHCGR) are mainly located in the gonads where they play key functions associated to essential reproductive functions. As any other protein, gonadotropin receptors must be properly folded into a mature tertiary conformation compatible with quaternary assembly and endoplasmic reticulum export to the cell surface plasma membrane. Several primary and secondary structural features, including presence of particular amino acid residues and short motifs and in addition, posttranslational modifications, regulate intracellular trafficking of gonadotropin receptors to the plasma membrane as well as internalization and recycling of the receptor back to the cell surface after activation by agonist. Inactivating mutations of gonadotropin receptors may derive from receptor misfolding and lead to absent or reduced plasma membrane expression of the altered receptor, thereby manifesting an array of phenotypical abnormalities mostly characterized by reproductive failure and/or abnormal or absence of development of secondary sex characteristics. In this chapter we review the structural requirements necessary for intracellular trafficking of the gonadotropin receptors, and describe how mutations in these receptors may lead to receptor misfolding and disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Ulloa-Aguirre
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación (RAI), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Tlalpan, Mexico City, 14000, Mexico.
| | - Teresa Zariñán
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación (RAI), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Tlalpan, Mexico City, 14000, Mexico
| | - Rubén Gutiérrez-Sagal
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación (RAI), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Tlalpan, Mexico City, 14000, Mexico
| | - James A Dias
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
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23
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Ulloa-Aguirre A, Zariñán T, Jardón-Valadez E, Gutiérrez-Sagal R, Dias JA. Structure-Function Relationships of the Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Receptor. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:707. [PMID: 30555414 PMCID: PMC6281744 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) plays a crucial role in reproduction. This structurally complex receptor is a member of the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily of membrane receptors. As with the other structurally similar glycoprotein hormone receptors (the thyroid-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone-chorionic gonadotropin hormone receptors), the FSHR is characterized by an extensive extracellular domain, where binding to FSH occurs, linked to the signal specificity subdomain or hinge region. This region is involved in ligand-stimulated receptor activation whereas the seven transmembrane domain is associated with receptor activation and transmission of the activation process to the intracellular loops comprised of amino acid sequences, which predicate coupling to effectors, interaction with adapter proteins, and triggering of downstream intracellular signaling. In this review, we describe the most important structural features of the FSHR intimately involved in regulation of FSHR function, including trafficking, dimerization, and oligomerization, ligand binding, agonist-stimulated activation, and signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Ulloa-Aguirre
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Alfredo Ulloa-Aguirre
| | - Teresa Zariñán
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Jardón-Valadez
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Lerma, Lerma, Mexico
| | - Rubén Gutiérrez-Sagal
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - James A. Dias
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, NY, United States
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24
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Donthamsetti PC, Winter N, Schönberger M, Levitz J, Stanley C, Javitch JA, Isacoff EY, Trauner D. Optical Control of Dopamine Receptors Using a Photoswitchable Tethered Inverse Agonist. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18522-18535. [PMID: 29166564 PMCID: PMC5942546 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b07659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Family A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) control diverse biological processes and are of great clinical relevance. Their archetype rhodopsin becomes naturally light sensitive by binding covalently to the photoswitchable tethered ligand (PTL) retinal. Other GPCRs, however, neither bind covalently to ligands nor are light sensitive. We sought to impart the logic of rhodopsin to light-insensitive Family A GPCRs in order to enable their remote control in a receptor-specific, cell-type-specific, and spatiotemporally precise manner. Dopamine receptors (DARs) are of particular interest for their roles in motor coordination, appetitive, and aversive behavior, as well as neuropsychiatric disorders such as Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, mood disorders, and addiction. Using an azobenzene derivative of the well-known DAR ligand 2-(N-phenethyl-N-propyl)amino-5-hydroxytetralin (PPHT), we were able to rapidly, reversibly, and selectively block dopamine D1 and D2 receptors (D1R and D2R) when the PTL was conjugated to an engineered cysteine near the dopamine binding site. Depending on the site of tethering, the ligand behaved as either a photoswitchable tethered neutral antagonist or inverse agonist. Our results indicate that DARs can be chemically engineered for selective remote control by light and provide a template for precision control of Family A GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant C. Donthamsetti
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Nils Winter
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstraβe 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Matthias Schönberger
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstraβe 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Joshua Levitz
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Cherise Stanley
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jonathan A. Javitch
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Ehud Y. Isacoff
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Bioscience Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstraβe 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
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25
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Kasai RS, Ito SV, Awane RM, Fujiwara TK, Kusumi A. The Class-A GPCR Dopamine D2 Receptor Forms Transient Dimers Stabilized by Agonists: Detection by Single-Molecule Tracking. Cell Biochem Biophys 2017; 76:29-37. [PMID: 29116599 PMCID: PMC5913388 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-017-0829-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Whether class-A G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) exist and work as monomers or dimers has drawn extensive attention. A class-A GPCR dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) is involved in many physiological and pathological processes and diseases, indicating its critical role in proper functioning of neuronal circuits. In particular, D2R homodimers might play key roles in schizophrenia development and amphetamine-induced psychosis. Here, using single-molecule imaging, we directly tracked single D2R molecules in the plasma membrane at a physiological temperature of 37 °C, and unequivocally determined that D2R forms transient dimers with a lifetime of 68 ms in its resting state. Agonist addition prolonged the dimer lifetime by a factor of ~1.5, suggesting the possibility that transient dimers might be involved in signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinshi S Kasai
- Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shuichi V Ito
- Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ryo M Awane
- Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takahiro K Fujiwara
- Center for Meso-Bio Single-Molecule Imaging (CeMI), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kusumi
- Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. .,Center for Meso-Bio Single-Molecule Imaging (CeMI), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. .,Membrane Cooperativity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan.
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26
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Pediani JD, Ward RJ, Marsango S, Milligan G. Spatial Intensity Distribution Analysis: Studies of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Oligomerisation. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2017; 39:175-186. [PMID: 29032835 PMCID: PMC5783713 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Spatial intensity distribution analysis (SpIDA) is a recently developed approach for determining quaternary structure information on fluorophore-labelled proteins of interest in situ. It can be applied to live or fixed cells and native tissue. Using confocal images, SpIDA generates fluorescence intensity histograms that are analysed by super-Poissonian distribution functions to obtain density and quantal brightness values of the fluorophore-labelled protein of interest. This allows both expression level and oligomerisation state of the protein to be determined. We describe the application of SpIDA to investigate the oligomeric state of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) at steady state and following cellular challenge, and consider how SpIDA may be used to explore GPCR quaternary organisation in pathophysiology and to stratify medicines. GPCRs may exist and function as monomers: however, abundant evidence suggests they can form dimers/oligomers. This concept has implications for drug discovery as it may offer opportunities to modulate the effects of known pharmaceuticals or identify new drug therapies. A variety of approaches have been applied to this issue from traditional biochemical techniques, via resonance energy transfer approaches to recently developed image analysis-based techniques such as SpIDA. This uses mathematical analysis of confocal microscopy images to generate quantal brightness and density information for a fluorophore-tagged receptor. SpIDA can be applied to live or fixed cells and native tissue. SpIDA has been applied to GPCRs from each of the major subfamilies to explore their oligomerisation status at steady state and their regulation by receptor density and ligand binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Pediani
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Richard J Ward
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Sara Marsango
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Graeme Milligan
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
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27
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Salmas RE, Seeman P, Aksoydan B, Erol I, Kantarcioglu I, Stein M, Yurtsever M, Durdagi S. Analysis of the Glutamate Agonist LY404,039 Binding to Nonstatic Dopamine Receptor D2 Dimer Structures and Consensus Docking. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:1404-1415. [PMID: 28272861 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine receptor D2 (D2R) plays an important role in the human central nervous system and is a focal target of antipsychotic agents. The D2HighR and D2LowR dimeric models previously developed by our group are used to investigate the prediction of binding affinity of the LY404,039 ligand and its binding mechanism within the catalytic domain. The computational data obtained using molecular dynamics simulations fit well with the experimental results. The calculated binding affinities of LY404,039 using MM/PBSA for the D2HighR and D2LowR targets were -12.04 and -9.11 kcal/mol, respectively. The experimental results suggest that LY404,039 binds to D2HighR and D2LowR with binding affinities (Ki) of 8.2 and 1640 nM, respectively. The high binding affinity of LY404,039 in terms of binding to [3H]domperidone was inhibited by the presence of a guanine nucleotide, indicating an agonist action of the drug at D2HighR. The interaction analysis demonstrated that while Asp114 was among the most critical amino acids for D2HighR binding, residues Ser193 and Ser197 were significantly more important within the binding cavity of D2LowR. Molecular modeling analyses are extended to ensemble docking as well as structure-based pharmacophore model (E-pharmacophore) development using the bioactive conformation of LY404,039 at the binding pocket as a template and screening of small-molecule databases with derived pharmacophore models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Ekhteiari Salmas
- Computational
Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics,
School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, 34349 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Philip Seeman
- Departments
of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 260 Heath
Street West, Unit 605, Toronto, Ontario M5P 3L6, Canada
| | - Busecan Aksoydan
- Computational
Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics,
School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, 34349 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Erol
- Computational
Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics,
School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, 34349 Istanbul, Turkey
- Department
of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Isik Kantarcioglu
- Computational
Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics,
School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, 34349 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Matthias Stein
- Max-Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Molecular Simulations and Design Group, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mine Yurtsever
- Department
of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serdar Durdagi
- Computational
Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics,
School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, 34349 Istanbul, Turkey
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28
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Marsango S, Caltabiano G, Jiménez-Rosés M, Millan MJ, Pediani JD, Ward RJ, Milligan G. A Molecular Basis for Selective Antagonist Destabilization of Dopamine D 3 Receptor Quaternary Organization. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2134. [PMID: 28522847 PMCID: PMC5437050 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02249-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) is a molecular target for both first-generation and several recently-developed antipsychotic agents. Following stable expression of this mEGFP-tagged receptor, Spatial Intensity Distribution Analysis indicated that a substantial proportion of the receptor was present within dimeric/oligomeric complexes and that increased expression levels of the receptor favored a greater dimer to monomer ratio. Addition of the antipsychotics, spiperone or haloperidol, resulted in re-organization of D3R quaternary structure to promote monomerization. This action was dependent on ligand concentration and reversed upon drug washout. By contrast, a number of other antagonists with high affinity at the D3R, did not alter the dimer/monomer ratio. Molecular dynamics simulations following docking of each of the ligands into a model of the D3R derived from the available atomic level structure, and comparisons to the receptor in the absence of ligand, were undertaken. They showed that, in contrast to the other antagonists, spiperone and haloperidol respectively increased the atomic distance between reference α carbon atoms of transmembrane domains IV and V and I and II, both of which provide key interfaces for D3R dimerization. These results offer a molecular explanation for the distinctive ability of spiperone and haloperidol to disrupt D3R dimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Marsango
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK.
| | - Gianluigi Caltabiano
- Laboratori de Medicina Computacional, Unitat de Bioestadística, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Mireia Jiménez-Rosés
- Laboratori de Medicina Computacional, Unitat de Bioestadística, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Mark J Millan
- Institut de Recherches Servier, Centre for Innovation in Neuropsychiatry, 125 Chemin de Ronde, Croissy sur Seine, France, 78290
| | - John D Pediani
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK
| | - Richard J Ward
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK
| | - Graeme Milligan
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK.
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29
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Methods used to study the oligomeric structure of G-protein-coupled receptors. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20160547. [PMID: 28062602 PMCID: PMC5398257 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which constitute the largest family of cell surface receptors, were originally thought to function as monomers, but are now recognized as being able to act in a wide range of oligomeric states and indeed, it is known that the oligomerization state of a GPCR can modulate its pharmacology and function. A number of experimental techniques have been devised to study GPCR oligomerization including those based upon traditional biochemistry such as blue-native PAGE (BN-PAGE), co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and protein-fragment complementation assays (PCAs), those based upon resonance energy transfer, FRET, time-resolved FRET (TR-FRET), FRET spectrometry and bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET). Those based upon microscopy such as FRAP, total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM), spatial intensity distribution analysis (SpIDA) and various single molecule imaging techniques. Finally with the solution of a growing number of crystal structures, X-ray crystallography must be acknowledged as an important source of discovery in this field. A different, but in many ways complementary approach to the use of more traditional experimental techniques, are those involving computational methods that possess obvious merit in the study of the dynamics of oligomer formation and function. Here, we summarize the latest developments that have been made in the methods used to study GPCR oligomerization and give an overview of their application.
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30
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Jastrzebska B, Comar WD, Kaliszewski MJ, Skinner KC, Torcasio MH, Esway AS, Jin H, Palczewski K, Smith AW. A G Protein-Coupled Receptor Dimerization Interface in Human Cone Opsins. Biochemistry 2017; 56:61-72. [PMID: 28045251 PMCID: PMC5274527 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) detect a wide variety of physical and chemical signals and transmit that information across the cellular plasma membrane. Dimerization is a proposed modulator of GPCR signaling, but the structure and stability of class A GPCR dimerization have been difficult to establish. Here we investigated the dimerization affinity and binding interface of human cone opsins, which initiate and sustain daytime color vision. Using a time-resolved fluorescence approach, we found that human red cone opsin exhibits a strong propensity for dimerization, whereas the green and blue cone opsins do not. Through mutagenesis experiments, we identified a dimerization interface in the fifth transmembrane helix of human red cone opsin involving amino acids I230, A233, and M236. Insights into this dimerization interface of red cone opsin should aid ongoing investigations of the structure and function of GPCR quaternary interactions in cell signaling. Finally, we demonstrated that the same residues needed for dimerization are also partially responsible for the spectral tuning of red cone opsin. This last observation has the potential to open up new lines of inquiry regarding the functional role of dimerization for red cone opsin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Jastrzebska
- Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 2109 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - William D. Comar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, 190 Buchtel Common, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Megan J. Kaliszewski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, 190 Buchtel Common, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Kevin C. Skinner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, 190 Buchtel Common, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Morgan H. Torcasio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, 190 Buchtel Common, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Anthony S. Esway
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, 190 Buchtel Common, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 2109 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Krzysztof Palczewski
- Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 2109 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Adam W. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, 190 Buchtel Common, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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31
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Periole X. Interplay of G Protein-Coupled Receptors with the Membrane: Insights from Supra-Atomic Coarse Grain Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Chem Rev 2016; 117:156-185. [PMID: 28073248 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are central to many fundamental cellular signaling pathways. They transduce signals from the outside to the inside of cells in physiological processes ranging from vision to immune response. It is extremely challenging to look at them individually using conventional experimental techniques. Recently, a pseudo atomistic molecular model has emerged as a valuable tool to access information on GPCRs, more specifically on their interactions with their environment in their native cell membrane and the consequences on their supramolecular organization. This approach uses the Martini coarse grain (CG) model to describe the receptors, lipids, and solvent in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and in enough detail to allow conserving the chemical specificity of the different molecules. The elimination of unnecessary degrees of freedom has opened up large-scale simulations of the lipid-mediated supramolecular organization of GPCRs. Here, after introducing the Martini CGMD method, we review these studies carried out on various members of the GPCR family, including rhodopsin (visual receptor), opioid receptors, adrenergic receptors, adenosine receptors, dopamine receptor, and sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor. These studies have brought to light an interesting set of novel biophysical principles. The insights range from revealing localized and heterogeneous deformations of the membrane bilayer at the surface of the protein, specific interactions of lipid molecules with individual GPCRs, to the effect of the membrane matrix on global GPCR self-assembly. The review ends with an overview of the lessons learned from the use of the CGMD method, the biophysical-chemical findings on lipid-protein interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Periole
- Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 7, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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32
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Kleinau G, Müller A, Biebermann H. Oligomerization of GPCRs involved in endocrine regulation. J Mol Endocrinol 2016; 57:R59-80. [PMID: 27151573 DOI: 10.1530/jme-16-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
More than 800 different human membrane-spanning G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) serve as signal transducers at biological barriers. These receptors are activated by a wide variety of ligands such as peptides, ions and hormones, and are able to activate a diverse set of intracellular signaling pathways. GPCRs are of central importance in endocrine regulation, which underpins the significance of comprehensively studying these receptors and interrelated systems. During the last decade, the capacity for multimerization of GPCRs was found to be a common and functionally relevant property. The interaction between GPCR monomers results in higher order complexes such as homomers (identical receptor subtype) or heteromers (different receptor subtypes), which may be present in a specific and dynamic monomer/oligomer equilibrium. It is widely accepted that the oligomerization of GPCRs is a mechanism for determining the fine-tuning and expansion of cellular processes by modification of ligand action, expression levels, and related signaling outcome. Accordingly, oligomerization provides exciting opportunities to optimize pharmacological treatment with respect to receptor target and tissue selectivity or for the development of diagnostic tools. On the other hand, GPCR heteromerization may be a potential reason for the undesired side effects of pharmacological interventions, faced with numerous and common mutual signaling modifications in heteromeric constellations. Finally, detailed deciphering of the physiological occurrence and relevance of specific GPCR/GPCR-ligand interactions poses a future challenge. This review will tackle the aspects of GPCR oligomerization with specific emphasis on family A GPCRs involved in endocrine regulation, whereby only a subset of these receptors will be discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (IEPE)Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Müller
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (IEPE)Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (IEPE)Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
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33
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Baltoumas FA, Theodoropoulou MC, Hamodrakas SJ. Molecular dynamics simulations and structure-based network analysis reveal structural and functional aspects of G-protein coupled receptor dimer interactions. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2016; 30:489-512. [PMID: 27349423 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-016-9919-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A significant amount of experimental evidence suggests that G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) do not act exclusively as monomers but also form biologically relevant dimers and oligomers. However, the structural determinants, stoichiometry and functional importance of GPCR oligomerization remain topics of intense speculation. In this study we attempted to evaluate the nature and dynamics of GPCR oligomeric interactions. A representative set of GPCR homodimers were studied through Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics simulations, combined with interface analysis and concepts from network theory for the construction and analysis of dynamic structural networks. Our results highlight important structural determinants that seem to govern receptor dimer interactions. A conserved dynamic behavior was observed among different GPCRs, including receptors belonging in different GPCR classes. Specific GPCR regions were highlighted as the core of the interfaces. Finally, correlations of motion were observed between parts of the dimer interface and GPCR segments participating in ligand binding and receptor activation, suggesting the existence of mechanisms through which dimer formation may affect GPCR function. The results of this study can be used to drive experiments aimed at exploring GPCR oligomerization, as well as in the study of transmembrane protein-protein interactions in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotis A Baltoumas
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701, Athens, Greece
| | - Margarita C Theodoropoulou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701, Athens, Greece
- Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Central Greece, 35131, Lamia, Greece
| | - Stavros J Hamodrakas
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701, Athens, Greece.
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34
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Intramolecular allosteric communication in dopamine D2 receptor revealed by evolutionary amino acid covariation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:3539-44. [PMID: 26979958 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1516579113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural basis of allosteric signaling in G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is important in guiding design of therapeutics and understanding phenotypic consequences of genetic variation. The Evolutionary Trace (ET) algorithm previously proved effective in redesigning receptors to mimic the ligand specificities of functionally distinct homologs. We now expand ET to consider mutual information, with validation in GPCR structure and dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) function. The new algorithm, called ET-MIp, identifies evolutionarily relevant patterns of amino acid covariations. The improved predictions of structural proximity and D2R mutagenesis demonstrate that ET-MIp predicts functional interactions between residue pairs, particularly potency and efficacy of activation by dopamine. Remarkably, although most of the residue pairs chosen for mutagenesis are neither in the binding pocket nor in contact with each other, many exhibited functional interactions, implying at-a-distance coupling. The functional interaction between the coupled pairs correlated best with the evolutionary coupling potential derived from dopamine receptor sequences rather than with broader sets of GPCR sequences. These data suggest that the allosteric communication responsible for dopamine responses is resolved by ET-MIp and best discerned within a short evolutionary distance. Most double mutants restored dopamine response to wild-type levels, also suggesting that tight regulation of the response to dopamine drove the coevolution and intramolecular communications between coupled residues. Our approach provides a general tool to identify evolutionary covariation patterns in small sets of close sequence homologs and to translate them into functional linkages between residues.
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35
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Sanz-Hernández M, Vostrikov VV, Veglia G, De Simone A. Accurate Determination of Conformational Transitions in Oligomeric Membrane Proteins. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23063. [PMID: 26975211 PMCID: PMC4791661 DOI: 10.1038/srep23063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural dynamics governing collective motions in oligomeric membrane proteins play key roles in vital biomolecular processes at cellular membranes. In this study, we present a structural refinement approach that combines solid-state NMR experiments and molecular simulations to accurately describe concerted conformational transitions identifying the overall structural, dynamical, and topological states of oligomeric membrane proteins. The accuracy of the structural ensembles generated with this method is shown to reach the statistical error limit, and is further demonstrated by correctly reproducing orthogonal NMR data. We demonstrate the accuracy of this approach by characterising the pentameric state of phospholamban, a key player in the regulation of calcium uptake in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and by probing its dynamical activation upon phosphorylation. Our results underline the importance of using an ensemble approach to characterise the conformational transitions that are often responsible for the biological function of oligomeric membrane protein states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Máximo Sanz-Hernández
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Vitaly V. Vostrikov
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Gianluigi Veglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Alfonso De Simone
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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36
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Glass M, Govindpani K, Furkert DP, Hurst DP, Reggio PH, Flanagan JU. One for the Price of Two…Are Bivalent Ligands Targeting Cannabinoid Receptor Dimers Capable of Simultaneously Binding to both Receptors? Trends Pharmacol Sci 2016; 37:353-363. [PMID: 26917061 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Bivalent ligands bridging two G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) provide valuable pharmacological tools to target oligomers. The success of therapeutically targeting the cannabinoid CB1 receptor has been limited, in part due to its widespread neuronal distribution. Therefore, CB1 ligands targeting oligomers that exhibit restricted distribution or altered pharmacology are highly desirable, and several bivalent ligands containing a CB1 pharmacophore have been reported. Bivalent ligand action presumes that the ligand simultaneously binds to both receptors within the dimeric complex. However, based on the current understanding of CB1 ligand binding, existing bivalent ligands are too short to bind both receptors simultaneously. However, ligands with longer linkers may not be the solution, because evidence suggests that ligands enter CB1 through the lipid bilayer and, thus, linkers are unlikely to exit the receptor through its external face. Thus, the entire premise of designing bivalent ligands targeting CB1 must be revisited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Glass
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Karan Govindpani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Daniel P Furkert
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Dow P Hurst
- Center for Drug Design, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, USA
| | - Patricia H Reggio
- Center for Drug Design, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, USA
| | - Jack U Flanagan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand; Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre and Maurice Wilkens Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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37
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Durdagi S, Salmas RE, Stein M, Yurtsever M, Seeman P. Binding Interactions of Dopamine and Apomorphine in D2High and D2Low States of Human Dopamine D2 Receptor Using Computational and Experimental Techniques. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:185-95. [PMID: 26645629 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We have recently reported G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) model structures for the active and inactive states of the human dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) using adrenergic crystal structures as templates. Since the therapeutic concentrations of dopamine agonists that suppress the release of prolactin are the same as those that act at the high-affinity state of the D2 receptor (D2High), D2High in the anterior pituitary gland is considered to be the functional state of the receptor. In addition, the therapeutic concentrations of anti-Parkinson drugs are also related to the dissociation constants in the D2High form of the receptor. The discrimination between the high- and low-affinity (D2Low) components of the D2R is not obvious and requires advanced computer-assisted structural biology investigations. Therefore, in this work, the derived D2High and D2Low receptor models (GPCR monomer and dimer three-dimensional structures) are used as drug-binding targets to investigate binding interactions of dopamine and apomorphine. The study reveals a match between the experimental dissociation constants of dopamine and apomorphine at their high- and low-affinity sites of the D2 receptor in monomer and dimer and their calculated dissociation constants. The allosteric receptor-receptor interaction for dopamine D2R dimer is associated with the accessibility of adjacent residues of transmembrane region 4. The measured negative cooperativity between agonist ligand at dopamine D2 receptor is also correctly predicted using the D2R homodimerization model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Durdagi
- Department
of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, 34349 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ramin Ekhteiari Salmas
- Department
of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, 34349 Istanbul, Turkey
- Department
of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Matthias Stein
- Molecular
Simulations and Design Group, Max-Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mine Yurtsever
- Department
of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Philip Seeman
- Departments
of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 260 Heath
Street West, Unit 605, M5P 3L6, Toronto, Ontario Canada
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Ebersole B, Petko J, Woll M, Murakami S, Sokolina K, Wong V, Stagljar I, Lüscher B, Levenson R. Effect of C-Terminal S-Palmitoylation on D2 Dopamine Receptor Trafficking and Stability. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140661. [PMID: 26535572 PMCID: PMC4633242 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We have used bioorthogonal click chemistry (BCC), a sensitive non-isotopic labeling method, to analyze the palmitoylation status of the D2 dopamine receptor (D2R), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) crucial for regulation of processes such as mood, reward, and motor control. By analyzing a series of D2R constructs containing mutations in cysteine residues, we found that palmitoylation of the D2R most likely occurs on the C-terminal cysteine residue (C443) of the polypeptide. D2Rs in which C443 was deleted showed significantly reduced palmitoylation levels, plasma membrane expression, and protein stability compared to wild-type D2Rs. Rather, the C443 deletion mutant appeared to accumulate in the Golgi, indicating that palmitoylation of the D2R is important for cell surface expression of the receptor. Using the full-length D2R as bait in a membrane yeast two-hybrid (MYTH) screen, we identified the palmitoyl acyltransferase (PAT) zDHHC4 as a D2R interacting protein. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that several other PATs, including zDHHC3 and zDHHC8, also interacted with the D2R and that each of the three PATs was capable of affecting the palmitoylation status of the D2R. Finally, biochemical analyses using D2R mutants and the palmitoylation blocker, 2-bromopalmitate indicate that palmitoylation of the receptor plays a role in stability of the D2R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Ebersole
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jessica Petko
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Matthew Woll
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Shoko Murakami
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kate Sokolina
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victoria Wong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Igor Stagljar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bernhard Lüscher
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Center for Molecular Investigation of Neurological Disorders, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Robert Levenson
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Frederick AL, Yano H, Trifilieff P, Vishwasrao HD, Biezonski D, Mészáros J, Sibley DR, Kellendonk C, Sonntag KC, Graham DL, Colbran RJ, Stanwood GD, Javitch JA, Javitch JA. Evidence against dopamine D1/D2 receptor heteromers. Mol Psychiatry 2015; 20:1373-85. [PMID: 25560761 PMCID: PMC4492915 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2014.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hetero-oligomers of G-protein-coupled receptors have become the subject of intense investigation, because their purported potential to manifest signaling and pharmacological properties that differ from the component receptors makes them highly attractive for the development of more selective pharmacological treatments. In particular, dopamine D1 and D2 receptors have been proposed to form hetero-oligomers that couple to Gαq proteins, and SKF83959 has been proposed to act as a biased agonist that selectively engages these receptor complexes to activate Gαq and thus phospholipase C. D1/D2 heteromers have been proposed as relevant to the pathophysiology and treatment of depression and schizophrenia. We used in vitro bioluminescence resonance energy transfer, ex vivo analyses of receptor localization and proximity in brain slices, and behavioral assays in mice to characterize signaling from these putative dimers/oligomers. We were unable to detect Gαq or Gα11 protein coupling to homomers or heteromers of D1 or D2 receptors using a variety of biosensors. SKF83959-induced locomotor and grooming behaviors were eliminated in D1 receptor knockout (KO) mice, verifying a key role for D1-like receptor activation. In contrast, SKF83959-induced motor responses were intact in D2 receptor and Gαq KO mice, as well as in knock-in mice expressing a mutant Ala(286)-CaMKIIα that cannot autophosphorylate to become active. Moreover, we found that, in the shell of the nucleus accumbens, even in neurons in which D1 and D2 receptor promoters are both active, the receptor proteins are segregated and do not form complexes. These data are not compatible with SKF83959 signaling through Gαq or through a D1/D2 heteromer and challenge the existence of such a signaling complex in the adult animals that we used for our studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya L. Frederick
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Hideaki Yano
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Pierre Trifilieff
- Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, INRA UMR 1286; University of Bordeaux, F-33076, Bordeaux, France,Center for Neuroscience. Columbia University, Kolb Research Building, New York, NY10032, USA
| | - Harshad D. Vishwasrao
- Center for Neuroscience. Columbia University, Kolb Research Building, New York, NY10032, USA
| | - Dominik Biezonski
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - József Mészáros
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - David R. Sibley
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christoph Kellendonk
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA,Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kai C. Sonntag
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Devon L. Graham
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Roger J. Colbran
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Gregg D. Stanwood
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jonathan A. Javitch
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA,Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - J A Javitch
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
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40
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Jastrzebska B, Chen Y, Orban T, Jin H, Hofmann L, Palczewski K. Disruption of Rhodopsin Dimerization with Synthetic Peptides Targeting an Interaction Interface. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:25728-44. [PMID: 26330551 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.662684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although homo- and heterodimerizations of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are well documented, GPCR monomers are able to assemble in different ways, thus causing variations in the interactive interface between receptor monomers among different GPCRs. Moreover, the functional consequences of this phenomenon, which remain to be clarified, could be specific for different GPCRs. Synthetic peptides derived from transmembrane (TM) domains can interact with a full-length GPCR, blocking dimer formation and affecting its function. Here we used peptides corresponding to TM helices of bovine rhodopsin (Rho) to investigate the Rho dimer interface and functional consequences of its disruption. Incubation of Rho with TM1, TM2, TM4, and TM5 peptides in rod outer segment (ROS) membranes shifted the resulting detergent-solubilized protein migration through a gel filtration column toward smaller molecular masses with a reduced propensity for dimer formation in a cross-linking reaction. Binding of these TM peptides to Rho was characterized by both mass spectrometry and a label-free assay from which dissociation constants were calculated. A BRET (bioluminescence resonance energy transfer) assay revealed that the physical interaction between Rho molecules expressed in membranes of living cells was blocked by the same four TM peptides identified in our in vitro experiments. Although disruption of the Rho dimer/oligomer had no effect on the rates of G protein activation, binding of Gt to the activated receptor stabilized the dimer. However, TM peptide-induced disruption of dimer/oligomer decreased receptor stability, suggesting that Rho supramolecular organization could be essential for ROS stabilization and receptor trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Jastrzebska
- From the Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4965
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- From the Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4965
| | - Tivadar Orban
- From the Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4965
| | - Hui Jin
- From the Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4965
| | - Lukas Hofmann
- From the Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4965
| | - Krzysztof Palczewski
- From the Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4965
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41
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Marsango S, Caltabiano G, Pou C, Varela Liste MJ, Milligan G. Analysis of Human Dopamine D3 Receptor Quaternary Structure. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:15146-62. [PMID: 25931118 PMCID: PMC4463457 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.630681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The dopamine D3 receptor is a class A, rhodopsin-like G protein-coupled receptor that can form dimers and/or higher order oligomers. However, the molecular basis for production of these complexes is not well defined. Using combinations of molecular modeling, site-directed mutagenesis, and homogenous time-resolved FRET, the interfaces that allow dopamine D3 receptor monomers to interact were defined and used to describe likely quaternary arrangements of the receptor. These were then compared with published crystal structures of dimeric β1-adrenoreceptor, μ-opioid, and CXCR4 receptors. The data indicate important contributions of residues from within each of transmembrane domains I, II, IV, V, VI, and VII as well as the intracellular helix VIII in the formation of D3-D3 receptor interfaces within homo-oligomers and are consistent with the D3 receptor adopting a β1-adrenoreceptor-like quaternary arrangement. Specifically, results suggest that D3 protomers can interact with each other via at least two distinct interfaces: the first one comprising residues from transmembrane domains I and II along with those from helix VIII and a second one involving transmembrane domains IV and V. Moreover, rather than existing only as distinct dimeric species, the results are consistent with the D3 receptor also assuming a quaternary structure in which two transmembrane domain I-II-helix VIII dimers interact to form a "rhombic" tetramer via an interface involving residues from transmembrane domains VI and VII. In addition, the results also provide insights into the potential contribution of molecules of cholesterol to the overall organization and potential stability of the D3 receptor and possibly other GPCR quaternary structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Marsango
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom and
| | - Gianluigi Caltabiano
- Laboratori de Medicina Computacional, Unitat de Bioestadística, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Chantevy Pou
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom and
| | - María José Varela Liste
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom and
| | - Graeme Milligan
- From the Molecular Pharmacology Group, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom and
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42
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Kamiya T, Yoshioka K, Nakata H. Analysis of various types of single-polypeptide-chain (sc) heterodimeric A₂AR/D₂R complexes and their allosteric receptor-receptor interactions. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 456:573-9. [PMID: 25478641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.11.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) heteromerizes with dopamine D2 receptor (D2R). However, these class A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) dimers are not fully formed, but depend on the equilibrium between monomer and dimer. In order to stimulate the heteromerization, we have previously shown a successful design for a fusion receptor, single-polypeptide-chain (sc) heterodimeric A2AR/D2R complex. Here, using whole cell binding assay, six more different scA2AR/D2R constructs were examined. Not only in scA2AR/D2R 'liberated' with longer spacers between the two receptors, which confer the same configuration as the prototype, the A2AR-odr4TM-D2LR, but differ in size (Forms 1-3), but also in scA2AR/D2LR (Form 6) fused with a transmembrane (TM) of another type II TM protein, instead of odr4TM, neither of their fixed stoichiometry (the apparent ratios of A2AR to D2R binding sites) was 1, suggesting their compact folding. This suggests that type II TM, either odr4 or another, facilitates the equilibrial process of the dimer formation between A2AR and D2LR, resulting in the higher-order oligomer formation from monomer of scA2AR/D2LR itself. Also, in the reverse type scA2AR/D2LR, i.e., the D2LR-odr4TM-A2AR, counter agonist-independent binding cooperativity (cooperative folding) was found to occur (Forms 4 and 5). In this way, the scA2AR/D2LR system has unveiled the cellular phenomenon as a snapshot of the molecular behavior in A2AR/D2LR dimer. Thus, these results indicate that the various designed types of functional A2AR/D2R exist even in living cells and that this fusion expression system would be useful to analyze as a model of the interaction between class A GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Kamiya
- Department of Molecular Cell Signaling, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, 2-6 Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8526, Japan; Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, 2-6 Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8526, Japan; Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Yoshioka
- Department of Molecular Cell Signaling, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, 2-6 Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8526, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Nakata
- Department of Molecular Cell Signaling, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, 2-6 Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8526, Japan
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Guidolin D, Agnati LF, Marcoli M, Borroto-Escuela DO, Fuxe K. G-protein-coupled receptor type A heteromers as an emerging therapeutic target. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 19:265-83. [PMID: 25381716 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.981155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The discovery of receptor-receptor interactions (RRIs) in the early 1980s provided evidence that G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) operate not only as monomers but also as heteromers, in which integration of the incoming signals takes place already at the plasma membrane level through allosteric RRIs. These integrative mechanisms give sophisticated dynamics to the structure and function of these receptor assemblies in terms of modulation of recognition, G-protein signaling and selectivity and switching to β-arrestin signaling. AREAS COVERED The present review briefly describes the concept of direct RRI and the available data on the mechanisms of oligomer formation. Further, pharmacological data concerning the best characterized heteromers involving type A GPCRs will be analyzed to evaluate their profile as possible targets for the treatment of various diseases, in particular of impacting diseases of the CNS. EXPERT OPINION GPCR heteromers have the potential to open a completely new field for pharmacology with likely a major impact in molecular medicine. Novel pharmacological strategies for the treatment of several pathologies have already been proposed. However, several challenges still exist to accurately characterize the role of the identified heteroreceptor complexes in pathology and to develop heteromer-specific ligands capable of efficiently exploiting their pharmacological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Guidolin
- University of Padova, Department of Molecular Medicine , via Gabelli 65, 35121 Padova , Italy +39 049 8272316 ; +39 049 8272319 ;
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Guitart X, Navarro G, Moreno E, Yano H, Cai NS, Sánchez-Soto M, Kumar-Barodia S, Naidu YT, Mallol J, Cortés A, Lluís C, Canela EI, Casadó V, McCormick PJ, Ferré S. Functional selectivity of allosteric interactions within G protein-coupled receptor oligomers: the dopamine D1-D3 receptor heterotetramer. Mol Pharmacol 2014; 86:417-29. [PMID: 25097189 DOI: 10.1124/mol.114.093096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The dopamine D1 receptor-D3 receptor (D1R-D3R) heteromer is being considered as a potential therapeutic target for neuropsychiatric disorders. Previous studies suggested that this heteromer could be involved in the ability of D3R agonists to potentiate locomotor activation induced by D1R agonists. It has also been postulated that its overexpression plays a role in L-dopa-induced dyskinesia and in drug addiction. However, little is known about its biochemical properties. By combining bioluminescence resonance energy transfer, bimolecular complementation techniques, and cell-signaling experiments in transfected cells, evidence was obtained for a tetrameric stoichiometry of the D1R-D3R heteromer, constituted by two interacting D1R and D3R homodimers coupled to Gs and Gi proteins, respectively. Coactivation of both receptors led to the canonical negative interaction at the level of adenylyl cyclase signaling, to a strong recruitment of β-arrestin-1, and to a positive cross talk of D1R and D3R agonists at the level of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Furthermore, D1R or D3R antagonists counteracted β-arrestin-1 recruitment and MAPK activation induced by D3R and D1R agonists, respectively (cross-antagonism). Positive cross talk and cross-antagonism at the MAPK level were counteracted by specific synthetic peptides with amino acid sequences corresponding to D1R transmembrane (TM) domains TM5 and TM6, which also selectively modified the quaternary structure of the D1R-D3R heteromer, as demonstrated by complementation of hemiproteins of yellow fluorescence protein fused to D1R and D3R. These results demonstrate functional selectivity of allosteric modulations within the D1R-D3R heteromer, which can be involved with the reported behavioral synergism of D1R and D3R agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Guitart
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland (X.G., H.Y., N.-S.C., M.S.-S., S.K.-B., Y.T.N., S.F.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.N., E.M., J.M., A.C., C.L., E.I.C., V.C., P.J.M.); and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom (P.J.M.)
| | - Gemma Navarro
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland (X.G., H.Y., N.-S.C., M.S.-S., S.K.-B., Y.T.N., S.F.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.N., E.M., J.M., A.C., C.L., E.I.C., V.C., P.J.M.); and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom (P.J.M.)
| | - Estefania Moreno
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland (X.G., H.Y., N.-S.C., M.S.-S., S.K.-B., Y.T.N., S.F.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.N., E.M., J.M., A.C., C.L., E.I.C., V.C., P.J.M.); and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom (P.J.M.)
| | - Hideaki Yano
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland (X.G., H.Y., N.-S.C., M.S.-S., S.K.-B., Y.T.N., S.F.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.N., E.M., J.M., A.C., C.L., E.I.C., V.C., P.J.M.); and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom (P.J.M.)
| | - Ning-Sheng Cai
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland (X.G., H.Y., N.-S.C., M.S.-S., S.K.-B., Y.T.N., S.F.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.N., E.M., J.M., A.C., C.L., E.I.C., V.C., P.J.M.); and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom (P.J.M.)
| | - Marta Sánchez-Soto
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland (X.G., H.Y., N.-S.C., M.S.-S., S.K.-B., Y.T.N., S.F.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.N., E.M., J.M., A.C., C.L., E.I.C., V.C., P.J.M.); and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom (P.J.M.)
| | - Sandeep Kumar-Barodia
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland (X.G., H.Y., N.-S.C., M.S.-S., S.K.-B., Y.T.N., S.F.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.N., E.M., J.M., A.C., C.L., E.I.C., V.C., P.J.M.); and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom (P.J.M.)
| | - Yamini T Naidu
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland (X.G., H.Y., N.-S.C., M.S.-S., S.K.-B., Y.T.N., S.F.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.N., E.M., J.M., A.C., C.L., E.I.C., V.C., P.J.M.); and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom (P.J.M.)
| | - Josefa Mallol
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland (X.G., H.Y., N.-S.C., M.S.-S., S.K.-B., Y.T.N., S.F.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.N., E.M., J.M., A.C., C.L., E.I.C., V.C., P.J.M.); and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom (P.J.M.)
| | - Antoni Cortés
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland (X.G., H.Y., N.-S.C., M.S.-S., S.K.-B., Y.T.N., S.F.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.N., E.M., J.M., A.C., C.L., E.I.C., V.C., P.J.M.); and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom (P.J.M.)
| | - Carme Lluís
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland (X.G., H.Y., N.-S.C., M.S.-S., S.K.-B., Y.T.N., S.F.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.N., E.M., J.M., A.C., C.L., E.I.C., V.C., P.J.M.); and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom (P.J.M.)
| | - Enric I Canela
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland (X.G., H.Y., N.-S.C., M.S.-S., S.K.-B., Y.T.N., S.F.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.N., E.M., J.M., A.C., C.L., E.I.C., V.C., P.J.M.); and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom (P.J.M.)
| | - Vicent Casadó
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland (X.G., H.Y., N.-S.C., M.S.-S., S.K.-B., Y.T.N., S.F.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.N., E.M., J.M., A.C., C.L., E.I.C., V.C., P.J.M.); and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom (P.J.M.)
| | - Peter J McCormick
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland (X.G., H.Y., N.-S.C., M.S.-S., S.K.-B., Y.T.N., S.F.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.N., E.M., J.M., A.C., C.L., E.I.C., V.C., P.J.M.); and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom (P.J.M.)
| | - Sergi Ferré
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland (X.G., H.Y., N.-S.C., M.S.-S., S.K.-B., Y.T.N., S.F.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.N., E.M., J.M., A.C., C.L., E.I.C., V.C., P.J.M.); and School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom (P.J.M.)
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Hasbi A, Perreault ML, Shen MYF, Zhang L, To R, Fan T, Nguyen T, Ji X, O'Dowd BF, George SR. A peptide targeting an interaction interface disrupts the dopamine D1-D2 receptor heteromer to block signaling and function in vitro and in vivo: effective selective antagonism. FASEB J 2014; 28:4806-20. [PMID: 25063849 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-254037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Although the dopamine D1-D2 receptor heteromer has emerging physiological relevance and a postulated role in different neuropsychiatric disorders, such as drug addiction, depression, and schizophrenia, there is a need for pharmacological tools that selectively target such receptor complexes in order to analyze their biological and pathophysiological functions. Since no selective antagonists for the D1-D2 heteromer are available, serial deletions and point mutations were used to precisely identify the amino acids involved in an interaction interface between the receptors, residing within the carboxyl tail of the D1 receptor that interacted with the D2 receptor to form the D1-D2 receptor heteromer. It was determined that D1 receptor carboxyl tail residues (404)Glu and (405)Glu were critical in mediating the interaction with the D2 receptor. Isolated mutation of these residues in the D1 receptor resulted in the loss of agonist activation of the calcium signaling pathway mediated through the D1-D2 receptor heteromer. The physical interaction between the D1 and D2 receptor could be disrupted, as shown by coimmunoprecipitation and BRET analysis, by a small peptide generated from the D1 receptor sequence that contained these amino acids, leading to a switch in G-protein affinities and loss of calcium signaling, resulting in the inhibition of D1-D2 heteromer function. The use of the D1-D2 heteromer-disrupting peptide in vivo revealed a pathophysiological role for the D1-D2 heteromer in the modulation of behavioral despair. This peptide may represent a novel pharmacological tool with potential therapeutic benefits in depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hasbi
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Department of Pharmacology and
| | - Melissa L Perreault
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Department of Pharmacology and
| | - Maurice Y F Shen
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Department of Pharmacology and
| | | | - Ryan To
- Department of Pharmacology and
| | - Theresa Fan
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Department of Pharmacology and
| | - Tuan Nguyen
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Department of Pharmacology and
| | | | - Brian F O'Dowd
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Department of Pharmacology and
| | - Susan R George
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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46
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Perrey DA, Gilmour BP, Thomas BF, Zhang Y. Toward the Development of Bivalent Ligand Probes of Cannabinoid CB1 and Orexin OX1 Receptor Heterodimers. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:634-8. [PMID: 24944734 DOI: 10.1021/ml4004759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoid CB1 and orexin OX1 receptors have been suggested to form heterodimers and oligomers. Aimed at studying these complexes, a series of bivalent CB1 and OX1 ligands combining SR141716 and ACT-078573 pharmacophores were designed, synthesized, and tested for activity against CB1 and OX1 individually and in cell lines that coexpress both receptors. Compound 20 showed a robust enhancement in potency at both receptors when coexpressed as compared to individually expressed, suggesting possible interaction with CB1-OX1 dimers. Bivalent ligands targeting CB1-OX1 receptor dimers could be potentially useful as a tool for further exploring the roles of such heterodimers in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Perrey
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle
Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Brian P. Gilmour
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle
Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Brian F. Thomas
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle
Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle
Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
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Ghosh A, Sonavane U, Joshi R. Multiscale modelling to understand the self-assembly mechanism of human β2-adrenergic receptor in lipid bilayer. Comput Biol Chem 2014; 48:29-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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48
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Heteromeric dopamine receptor signaling complexes: emerging neurobiology and disease relevance. Neuropsychopharmacology 2014; 39:156-68. [PMID: 23774533 PMCID: PMC3857642 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2013.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacological modification of dopamine transmission has long been employed as a therapeutic tool in the treatment of many mental health disorders. However, as many of the pharmacotherapies today are not without significant side effects, or they alleviate only a particular subset of symptoms, the identification of novel therapeutic targets is imperative. In light of these challenges, the recognition that dopamine receptors can form heteromers has significantly expanded the range of physiologically relevant signaling complexes as well as potential drug targets. Furthermore, as the physiology and disease relevance of these receptor heteromers is further understood, their ability to exhibit pharmacological and functional properties distinct from their constituent receptors, or modulate the function of endogenous homomeric receptor complexes, may allow for the development of alternate therapeutic strategies and provide new avenues for drug design. In this review, we describe the emerging neurobiology of the known dopamine receptor heteromers, their physiological relevance in brain, and discuss the potential role of these receptor complexes in neuropsychiatric disease. We highlight their value as targets for future drug development and discuss innovative research strategies designed to selectively target these dopamine receptor heteromers in the search for novel and clinically efficacious pharmacotherapies.
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49
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Conn PM, Smithson DC, Hodder PS, Stewart MD, Behringer RR, Smith E, Ulloa-Aguirre A, Janovick JA. Transitioning pharmacoperones to therapeutic use: in vivo proof-of-principle and design of high throughput screens. Pharmacol Res 2013; 83:38-51. [PMID: 24373832 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A pharmacoperone (from "pharmacological chaperone") is a small molecule that enters cells and serves as molecular scaffolding in order to cause otherwise-misfolded mutant proteins to fold and route correctly within the cell. Pharmacoperones have broad therapeutic applicability since a large number of diseases have their genesis in the misfolding of proteins and resultant misrouting within the cell. Misrouting may result in loss-of-function and, potentially, the accumulation of defective mutants in cellular compartments. Most known pharmacoperones were initially derived from receptor antagonist screens and, for this reason, present a complex pharmacology, although these are highly target specific. In this summary, we describe efforts to produce high throughput screens that identify these molecules from chemical libraries as well as a mouse model which provides proof-of-principle for in vivo protein rescue using existing pharmacoperones.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Michael Conn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Department of Cell Biology, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States.
| | - David C Smithson
- Oregon Translational Research and Drug Development Institute (OTRADI), Portland, OR 97201, United States
| | - Peter S Hodder
- Translational Research Institute, Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, United States
| | - M David Stewart
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States; Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, United States
| | - Richard R Behringer
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Emery Smith
- Translational Research Institute, Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, United States
| | - Alfredo Ulloa-Aguirre
- Research Support Network, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion, S-Z Universidad Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Jo Ann Janovick
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Department of Cell Biology, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
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50
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Single-molecule imaging revealed dynamic GPCR dimerization. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2013; 27:78-86. [PMID: 24480089 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Single fluorescent-molecule video imaging and tracking in living cells are revolutionizing our understanding of molecular interactions in the plasma membrane and intracellular membrane systems. They have revealed that molecular interactions occur surprisingly dynamically on much shorter time scales (≪1s) than those expected from the results by conventional techniques, such as pull-down assays (minutes to hours). Single-molecule imaging has unequivocally showed that G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) undergo dynamic equilibrium between monomers and dimers, by enabling the determination of the 2D monomer-dimer equilibrium constant, the dimer dissociation rate constant (typically ∼10s(-1)), and the formation rate constant. Within one second, GPCRs typically undergo several cycles of monomer and homo-dimer formation with different partners.
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