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Boshoff A. Chaperonin: Co-chaperonin Interactions. Subcell Biochem 2023; 101:213-246. [PMID: 36520309 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-14740-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Co-chaperonins function together with chaperonins to mediate ATP-dependent protein folding in a variety of cellular compartments. Chaperonins are evolutionarily conserved and form two distinct classes, namely, group I and group II chaperonins. GroEL and its co-chaperonin GroES form part of group I and are the archetypal members of this family of protein folding machines. The unique mechanism used by GroEL and GroES to drive protein folding is embedded in the complex architecture of double-ringed complexes, forming two central chambers that undergo conformational rearrangements that enable protein folding to occur. GroES forms a lid over the chamber and in doing so dislodges bound substrate into the chamber, thereby allowing non-native proteins to fold in isolation. GroES also modulates allosteric transitions of GroEL. Group II chaperonins are functionally similar to group I chaperonins but differ in structure and do not require a co-chaperonin. A significant number of bacteria and eukaryotes house multiple chaperonin and co-chaperonin proteins, many of which have acquired additional intracellular and extracellular biological functions. In some instances, co-chaperonins display contrasting functions to those of chaperonins. Human HSP60 (HSPD) continues to play a key role in the pathogenesis of many human diseases, in particular autoimmune diseases and cancer. A greater understanding of the fascinating roles of both intracellular and extracellular Hsp10 on cellular processes will accelerate the development of techniques to treat diseases associated with the chaperonin family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen Boshoff
- Biotechnology Innovation Centre, Rhodes University, Makhanda/Grahamstown, South Africa.
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2
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Bahrami S, Kazemi B, Zali H, Black PC, Basiri A, Bandehpour M, Hedayati M, Sahebkar A. Discovering Therapeutic Protein Targets for Bladder Cancer Using Proteomic Data Analysis. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 13:150-172. [PMID: 31622214 DOI: 10.2174/1874467212666191016124935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer accounts for almost 54% of urinary system cancer and is the second most frequent cause of death in genitourinary malignancies after prostate cancer. About 70% of bladder tumors are non-muscle-invasive, and the rest are muscle-invasive. Recurrence of the tumor is the common feature of bladder cancer. Chemotherapy is a conventional treatment for MIBC, but it cannot improve the survival rate of these patients sufficiently. Therefore, researchers must develop new therapies. Antibody-based therapy is one of the most important strategies for the treatment of solid tumors. Selecting a suitable target is the most critical step for this strategy. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to detect therapeutic cell surface antigen targets in bladder cancer using data obtained by proteomic studies. METHODS Isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) analysis had identified 131 overexpressed proteins in baldder cancer tissue and reverse-phase proteomic array (RPPA) analysis had been done for 343 tumor tissues and 208 antibodies. All identified proteins from two studies (131+208 proteins) were collected and duplicates were removed (331 unique proteins). Gene ontology study was performed using gene ontology (GO) and protein analysis through evolutionary relationships (PANTHER) databases. The Human Protein Atlas database was used to search the protein class and subcellular location of membrane proteins obtained from the PANTHER analysis. RESULTS Membrane proteins that could be suitable therapeutic targets for bladder cancer were selected. These included: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Her2, Kinase insert domain receptor (KDR), Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), HSP90, Transferrin receptor (TFRC), Activin A Receptor Like Type 1 (ACVRL1), and cadherin 2 (CDH2). Monoclonal antibodies against these proteins or their inhibitors were used for the treatment of different cancers in preclinical and clinical trials. CONCLUSION These monoclonal antibodies and inhibitor molecules and also their combination can be used for the treatment of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Bahrami
- Biotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Kazemi
- Biotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hakimeh Zali
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peter C Black
- Vancouver Prostate Center, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Abbas Basiri
- Department of Urology, Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Bandehpour
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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3
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Cömert C, Brick L, Ang D, Palmfeldt J, Meaney BF, Kozenko M, Georgopoulos C, Fernandez-Guerra P, Bross P. A recurrent de novo HSPD1 variant is associated with hypomyelinating leukodystrophy. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2020; 6:mcs.a004879. [PMID: 32532876 PMCID: PMC7304351 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a004879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Standardization of the use of next-generation sequencing for the diagnosis of rare neurological disorders has made it possible to detect potential disease-causing genetic variations, including de novo variants. However, the lack of a clear pathogenic relevance of gene variants poses a critical limitation for translating this genetic information into clinical practice, increasing the necessity to perform functional assays. Genetic screening is currently recommended in the guidelines for diagnosis of hypomyelinating leukodystrophies (HLDs). HLDs represent a group of rare heterogeneous disorders that interfere with the myelination of the neurons in the central nervous system. One of the HLD-related genes is HSPD1, encoding the mitochondrial chaperone heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), which functions as folding machinery for the mitochondrial proteins imported into the mitochondrial matrix space. Disease-causing HSPD1 variants have been associated with an autosomal recessive form of fatal hypomyelinating leukodystrophy (HLD4, MitCHAP60 disease; MIM #612233) and an autosomal dominant form of spastic paraplegia, type 13 (SPG13; MIM #605280). In 2018, a de novo HSPD1 variant was reported in a patient with HLD. Here, we present another case carrying the same heterozygous de novo variation in the HSPD1 gene (c.139T > G, p.Leu47Val) associated with an HLD phenotype. Our molecular studies show that the variant HSP60 protein is stably present in the patient's fibroblasts, and functional assays demonstrate that the variant protein lacks in vivo function, thus confirming its disease association. We conclude that de novo variations of the HSPD1 gene should be considered as potentially disease-causing in the diagnosis and pathogenesis of the HLDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cagla Cömert
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Lauren Brick
- Division of Genetics, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Debbie Ang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650, USA
| | - Johan Palmfeldt
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Brandon F Meaney
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Mariya Kozenko
- Division of Genetics, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Costa Georgopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650, USA
| | - Paula Fernandez-Guerra
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Peter Bross
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
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4
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Abstract
This chronologue seeks to document the discovery and development of an understanding of oligomeric ring protein assemblies known as chaperonins that assist protein folding in the cell. It provides detail regarding genetic, physiologic, biochemical, and biophysical studies of these ATP-utilizing machines from both in vivo and in vitro observations. The chronologue is organized into various topics of physiology and mechanism, for each of which a chronologic order is generally followed. The text is liberally illustrated to provide firsthand inspection of the key pieces of experimental data that propelled this field. Because of the length and depth of this piece, the use of the outline as a guide for selected reading is encouraged, but it should also be of help in pursuing the text in direct order.
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5
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Bei M, Wang Q, Yu W, Han L, Yu J. Effects of heat stress on ovarian development and the expression of HSP genes in mice. J Therm Biol 2020; 89:102532. [PMID: 32364978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Heat stress reduces oocyte competence, thereby causing lower fertility in animals. Chronic and acute heat stresses cause extensive morphological damage in animals, but few reports have focused on the effects of chronic and acute heat stresses on ovarian function and heat shock protein (HSP) gene expression during ovarian injury. In this study, we subjected female mice to chronic and acute heat stresses; we then calculated the ovary index, examined ovary microstructure, and measured the expression of multiple HSP family genes. Chronic heat stress reduced whole-body and ovarian growth but had little effect on the ovarian index; acute heat stress did not alter whole-body or ovarian weight. Both chronic and acute heat stresses impaired ovary function by causing the dysfunction of granular cells. Small HSP genes increased rapidly after heat treatment, and members of the HSP40, HSP70, and HSP90 families were co-expressed to function in the regulation of the heat stress response. We suggest that the HSP chaperone machinery may regulate the response to heat stress in the mouse ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Bei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Wensai Yu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Lu Han
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
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6
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Dyachenko A, Tamara S, Heck AJR. Distinct Stabilities of the Structurally Homologous Heptameric Co-Chaperonins GroES and gp31. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:7-15. [PMID: 29736602 PMCID: PMC6318259 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1910-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The GroES heptamer is the molecular co-chaperonin that partners with the tetradecamer chaperonin GroEL, which assists in the folding of various nonnative polypeptide chains in Escherichia coli. Gp31 is a structural and functional analogue of GroES encoded by the bacteriophage T4, becoming highly expressed in T4-infected E. coli, taking over the role of GroES, favoring the folding of bacteriophage proteins. Despite being slightly larger, gp31 is quite homologous to GroES in terms of its tertiary and quaternary structure, as well as in its function and mode of interaction with the chaperonin GroEL. Here, we performed a side-by-side comparison of GroES and gp31 heptamer complexes by (ion mobility) tandem mass spectrometry. Surprisingly, we observed quite distinct fragmentation mechanisms for the GroES and gp31 heptamers, whereby GroES displays a unique and unusual bimodal charge distribution in its released monomers. Not only the gas-phase dissociation but also the gas-phase unfolding of GroES and gp31 were found to be very distinct. We rationalize these observations with the similar discrepancies we observed in the thermal unfolding characteristics and surface contacts within GroES and gp31 in the solution. From our data, we propose a model that explains the observed simultaneous dissociation pathways of GroES and the differences between GroES and gp31 gas-phase dissociation and unfolding. We conclude that, although GroES and gp31 exhibit high homology in tertiary and quaternary structure, they are quite distinct in their solution and gas-phase (un)folding characteristics and stability. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Dyachenko
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sem Tamara
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J R Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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7
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Dahiya V, Buchner J. Functional principles and regulation of molecular chaperones. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2018; 114:1-60. [PMID: 30635079 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To be able to perform their biological function, a protein needs to be correctly folded into its three dimensional structure. The protein folding process is spontaneous and does not require the input of energy. However, in the crowded cellular environment where there is high risk of inter-molecular interactions that may lead to protein molecules sticking to each other, hence forming aggregates, protein folding is assisted. Cells have evolved robust machinery called molecular chaperones to deal with the protein folding problem and to maintain proteins in their functional state. Molecular chaperones promote efficient folding of newly synthesized proteins, prevent their aggregation and ensure protein homeostasis in cells. There are different classes of molecular chaperones functioning in a complex interplay. In this review, we discuss the principal characteristics of different classes of molecular chaperones, their structure-function relationships, their mode of regulation and their involvement in human disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Dahiya
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CIPSM at the Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Johannes Buchner
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CIPSM at the Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany.
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8
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Alsultan AM, Chin DY, Howard CB, de Bakker CJ, Jones ML, Mahler SM. Beyond Antibodies: Development of a Novel Protein Scaffold Based on Human Chaperonin 10. Sci Rep 2016; 5:37348. [PMID: 27874025 PMCID: PMC5118791 DOI: 10.1038/srep37348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Chaperonin 10 (hCpn10) was utilised as a novel scaffold for presenting peptides of therapeutic and diagnostic significance. Molecular dynamic simulations and protein sizing analyses identified a peptide linker (P1) optimal for the formation of the quarternary hCpn10 heptamer structure. hCpn10 scaffold displaying peptides targeting Factor VIIa (CE76-P1) and CD44 (CP7) were expressed in E. coli. Functional studies of CE76-P1 indicated nanomolar affinity for Factor VIIa (3 nM) similar to the E-76 peptide (6 nM), with undetectable binding to Factor X. CE76-P1 was a potent inhibitor of FX activity (via inhibition of Factor VIIa) and prolonged clot formation 4 times longer than achieved by E-76 peptide as determined by prothrombin time (PT) assays. This improvement in clotting function by CE76-P1, highlights the advantages of a heptamer-based scaffold for improving avidity by multiple peptide presentation. In another example of hCPn10 utility as a scaffold, CP7 bound to native CD44 overexpressed on cancer cells and bound rCD44 with high affinity (KD 9.6 nM). The ability to present various peptides through substitution of the hCpn10 mobile loop demonstrates its utility as a novel protein scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulkarim M Alsultan
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - David Y Chin
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Christopher B Howard
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.,Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.,Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Christopher J de Bakker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Martina L Jones
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.,Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Stephen M Mahler
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.,School of Chemical Engineering, University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.,Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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9
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Cheng Y, Sun J, Chen H, Adam A, Tang S, Kemper N, Hartung J, Bao E. Expression and location of HSP60 and HSP10 in the heart tissue of heat-stressed rats. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:2759-2765. [PMID: 27698781 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze the expression levels and localizations of heat shock protein (HSP) 60 and HSP10 in the heart tissue of rats subjected to heat stress (42°C) for 0, 20, 80 and 100 min. Histopathological injuries and increased serum activities of serum lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase isoenzyme MB were detected in the heated rat myocardial cells. These results suggested that heat stress-induced acute degeneration may be sufficient to cause sudden death in animals by disrupting the function and permeability of the myocardial cell membrane. In addition, the expression levels of HSP60 were significantly increased following 20 min heat stress, whereas the expression levels of its cofactor HSP10 were not. Furthermore, the location of HSP60, but not of HSP10, was significantly altered during periods of heat stress. These results suggested that HSP60 in myocardial tissue may be more susceptive to the effects of heat stress as compared with HSP10, and that HSP10 is constitutively expressed in the heart of rats. The expression levels and localizations of HSP60 and HSP10 at the different time points of heat stress were not similar, which suggested that HSP60 and HSP10 may not form a complex in the heart tissue of heat-stressed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P.R. China
| | - Jiarui Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P.R. China
| | - Abdelnasir Adam
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P.R. China
| | - Shu Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P.R. China
| | - Nicole Kemper
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jörg Hartung
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Endong Bao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P.R. China
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10
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Bross P, Fernandez-Guerra P. Disease-Associated Mutations in the HSPD1 Gene Encoding the Large Subunit of the Mitochondrial HSP60/HSP10 Chaperonin Complex. Front Mol Biosci 2016; 3:49. [PMID: 27630992 PMCID: PMC5006179 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2016.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) forms together with heat shock protein 10 (HSP10) double-barrel chaperonin complexes that are essential for folding to the native state of proteins in the mitochondrial matrix space. Two extremely rare monogenic disorders have been described that are caused by missense mutations in the HSPD1 gene that encodes the HSP60 subunit of the HSP60/HSP10 chaperonin complex. Investigations of the molecular mechanisms underlying these disorders have revealed that different degrees of reduced HSP60 function produce distinct neurological phenotypes. While mutations with deleterious or strong dominant negative effects are not compatible with life, HSPD1 gene variations found in the human population impair HSP60 function and depending on the mechanism and degree of HSP60 dys- and mal-function cause different phenotypes. We here summarize the knowledge on the effects of disturbances of the function of the HSP60/HSP10 chaperonin complex by disease-associated mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bross
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Paula Fernandez-Guerra
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus, Denmark
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11
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Crystal structure of the human mitochondrial chaperonin symmetrical football complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:6044-9. [PMID: 25918392 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1411718112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Human mitochondria harbor a single type I chaperonin system that is generally thought to function via a unique single-ring intermediate. To date, no crystal structure has been published for any mammalian type I chaperonin complex. In this study, we describe the crystal structure of a football-shaped, double-ring human mitochondrial chaperonin complex at 3.15 Å, which is a novel intermediate, likely representing the complex in an early stage of dissociation. Interestingly, the mitochondrial chaperonin was captured in a state that exhibits subunit asymmetry within the rings and nucleotide symmetry between the rings. Moreover, the chaperonin tetradecamers show a different interring subunit arrangement when compared to GroEL. Our findings suggest that the mitochondrial chaperonins use a mechanism that is distinct from the mechanism of the well-studied Escherichia coli system.
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12
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Abstract
Co-chaperonins function together with chaperonins to mediate ATP-dependant protein folding in a variety of cellular compartments. GroEL and its co-chaperonin GroES are the only essential chaperones in Escherichia coli and are the archetypal members of this family of protein folding machines. The unique mechanism used by GroEL and GroES to drive protein folding is embedded in the complex architecture of double-ringed complexes, forming two central chambers that undergo structural rearrangements as part of the folding mechanism. GroES forms a lid over the chamber, and in doing so dislodges bound substrate into the chamber, thereby allowing non-native proteins to fold in isolation. GroES also modulates allosteric transitions of GroEL. A significant number of bacteria and eukaryotes house multiple chaperonin and co-chaperonin proteins, many of which have acquired additional intracellular and extracellular biological functions. In some instances co-chaperonins display contrasting functions to those of chaperonins. Human Hsp60 continues to play a key role in the pathogenesis of many human diseases, in particular autoimmune diseases and cancer. A greater understanding of the fascinating roles of both intracellular and extracellular Hsp10, in addition to its role as a co-chaperonin, on cellular processes will accelerate the development of techniques to treat diseases associated with the chaperonin family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen Boshoff
- Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit (BioBRU), Biotechnology Innovation Centre, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, 6140, Grahamstown, South Africa,
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13
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Kuo WY, Huang CH, Liu AC, Cheng CP, Li SH, Chang WC, Weiss C, Azem A, Jinn TL. CHAPERONIN 20 mediates iron superoxide dismutase (FeSOD) activity independent of its co-chaperonin role in Arabidopsis chloroplasts. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2013; 197:99-110. [PMID: 23057508 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04369.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/03/2012] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron superoxide dismutases (FeSODs; FSDs) are primary antioxidant enzymes in Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplasts. The stromal FSD1 conferred the only detectable FeSOD activity, whereas the thylakoid membrane- and nucleoid-co-localized FSD2 and FSD3 double mutant showed arrested chloroplast development. FeSOD requires cofactor Fe for its activity, but its mechanism of activation is unclear. We used reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gel filtration chromatography, LC-MS/MS, protoplast transient expression and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) analyses to identify and characterize a factor involved in FeSOD activation. We identified the chloroplast-localized co-chaperonin CHAPERONIN 20 (CPN20) as a mediator of FeSOD activation by direct interaction. The relationship between CPN20 and FeSOD was confirmed by in vitro experiments showing that CPN20 alone could enhance FSD1, FSD2 and FSD3 activity. The in vivo results showed that CPN20-overexpressing mutants and mutants with defective co-chaperonin activity increased FSD1 activity, without changing the chaperonin CPN60 protein level, and VIGS-induced downregulation of CPN20 also led to decreased FeSOD activity. Our findings reveal that CPN20 can mediate FeSOD activation in chloroplasts, a role independent of its known function in the chaperonin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Kuo
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - C H Huang
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - A C Liu
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - C P Cheng
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - S H Li
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Tamshui, 25160, Taiwan
| | - W C Chang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - C Weiss
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - A Azem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - T L Jinn
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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14
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Parnas A, Nisemblat S, Weiss C, Levy-Rimler G, Pri-Or A, Zor T, Lund PA, Bross P, Azem A. Identification of elements that dictate the specificity of mitochondrial Hsp60 for its co-chaperonin. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50318. [PMID: 23226518 PMCID: PMC3514286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Type I chaperonins (cpn60/Hsp60) are essential proteins that mediate the folding of proteins in bacteria, chloroplast and mitochondria. Despite the high sequence homology among chaperonins, the mitochondrial chaperonin system has developed unique properties that distinguish it from the widely-studied bacterial system (GroEL and GroES). The most relevant difference to this study is that mitochondrial chaperonins are able to refold denatured proteins only with the assistance of the mitochondrial co-chaperonin. This is in contrast to the bacterial chaperonin, which is able to function with the help of co-chaperonin from any source. The goal of our work was to determine structural elements that govern the specificity between chaperonin and co-chaperonin pairs using mitochondrial Hsp60 as model system. We used a mutagenesis approach to obtain human mitochondrial Hsp60 mutants that are able to function with the bacterial co-chaperonin, GroES. We isolated two mutants, a single mutant (E321K) and a double mutant (R264K/E358K) that, together with GroES, were able to rescue an E. coli strain, in which the endogenous chaperonin system was silenced. Although the mutations are located in the apical domain of the chaperonin, where the interaction with co-chaperonin takes place, none of the residues are located in positions that are directly responsible for co-chaperonin binding. Moreover, while both mutants were able to function with GroES, they showed distinct functional and structural properties. Our results indicate that the phenotype of the E321K mutant is caused mainly by a profound increase in the binding affinity to all co-chaperonins, while the phenotype of R264K/E358K is caused by a slight increase in affinity toward co-chaperonins that is accompanied by an alteration in the allosteric signal transmitted upon nucleotide binding. The latter changes lead to a great increase in affinity for GroES, with only a minor increase in affinity toward the mammalian mitochondrial co-chaperonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avital Parnas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Nisemblat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Celeste Weiss
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Galit Levy-Rimler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amir Pri-Or
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tsaffrir Zor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Peter A. Lund
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Bross
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Abdussalam Azem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail:
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15
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Tsai YCC, Mueller-Cajar O, Saschenbrecker S, Hartl FU, Hayer-Hartl M. Chaperonin cofactors, Cpn10 and Cpn20, of green algae and plants function as hetero-oligomeric ring complexes. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:20471-81. [PMID: 22518837 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.365411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The chloroplast chaperonin system of plants and green algae is a curiosity as both the chaperonin cage and its lid are encoded by multiple genes, in contrast to the single genes encoding the two components of the bacterial and mitochondrial systems. In the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Cr), three genes encode chaperonin cofactors, with cpn10 encoding a single ∼10-kDa domain and cpn20 and cpn23 encoding tandem cpn10 domains. Here, we characterized the functional interaction of these proteins with the Escherichia coli chaperonin, GroEL, which normally cooperates with GroES, a heptamer of ∼10-kDa subunits. The C. reinhardtii cofactor proteins alone were all unable to assist GroEL-mediated refolding of bacterial ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase but gained this ability when CrCpn20 and/or CrCpn23 was combined with CrCpn10. Native mass spectrometry indicated the formation of hetero-oligomeric species, consisting of seven ∼10-kDa domains. The cofactor "heptamers" interacted with GroEL and encapsulated substrate protein in a nucleotide-dependent manner. Different hetero-oligomer arrangements, generated by constructing cofactor concatamers, indicated a preferential heptamer configuration for the functional CrCpn10-CrCpn23 complex. Formation of heptamer Cpn10/Cpn20 hetero-oligomers was also observed with the Arabidopsis thaliana (At) cofactors, which functioned with the chloroplast chaperonin, AtCpn60α(7)β(7). It appears that hetero-oligomer formation occurs more generally for chloroplast chaperonin cofactors, perhaps adapting the chaperonin system for the folding of specific client proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chin C Tsai
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
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16
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Hildenbrand ZL, Bernal RA. Chaperonin-Mediated Folding of Viral Proteins. VIRAL MOLECULAR MACHINES 2012; 726:307-24. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-0980-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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17
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Matveev VV. Native aggregation as a cause of origin of temporary cellular structures needed for all forms of cellular activity, signaling and transformations. Theor Biol Med Model 2010; 7:19. [PMID: 20534114 PMCID: PMC2901313 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4682-7-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2010] [Accepted: 06/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the hypothesis explored in this paper, native aggregation is genetically controlled (programmed) reversible aggregation that occurs when interacting proteins form new temporary structures through highly specific interactions. It is assumed that Anfinsen's dogma may be extended to protein aggregation: composition and amino acid sequence determine not only the secondary and tertiary structure of single protein, but also the structure of protein aggregates (associates). Cell function is considered as a transition between two states (two states model), the resting state and state of activity (this applies to the cell as a whole and to its individual structures). In the resting state, the key proteins are found in the following inactive forms: natively unfolded and globular. When the cell is activated, secondary structures appear in natively unfolded proteins (including unfolded regions in other proteins), and globular proteins begin to melt and their secondary structures become available for interaction with the secondary structures of other proteins. These temporary secondary structures provide a means for highly specific interactions between proteins. As a result, native aggregation creates temporary structures necessary for cell activity. "One of the principal objects of theoretical research in any department of knowledge is to find the point of view from which the subject appears in its greatest simplicity." Josiah Willard Gibbs (1839-1903)
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir V Matveev
- Laboratory of Cell Physiology, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave 4, St, Petersburg 194064, Russia.
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18
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Molecular and functional characterisation of the heat shock protein 10 of Strongyloides ratti. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2009; 168:149-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2009.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2009] [Revised: 07/14/2009] [Accepted: 07/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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Bonshtien AL, Parnas A, Sharkia R, Niv A, Mizrahi I, Azem A, Weiss C. Differential effects of co-chaperonin homologs on cpn60 oligomers. Cell Stress Chaperones 2009; 14:509-19. [PMID: 19224397 PMCID: PMC2728284 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-009-0104-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2008] [Revised: 01/29/2009] [Accepted: 02/01/2009] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we have investigated the relationship between chaperonin/co-chaperonin binding, ATP hydrolysis, and protein refolding in heterologous chaperonin systems from bacteria, chloroplast, and mitochondria. We characterized two types of chloroplast cpn60 oligomers, ch-cpn60 composed of alpha and beta subunits (alpha(7)beta(7) ch-cpn60) and one composed of all beta subunits (beta(14) ch-cpn60). In terms of ATPase activity, the rate of ATP hydrolysis increased with protein concentration up to 60 microM, reflecting a concentration at which the oligomers are stable. At high concentrations of cpn60, all cpn10 homologs inhibited ATPase activity of alpha(7)beta(7) ch-cpn60. In contrast, ATPase of beta(14) ch-cpn60 was inhibited only by mitochondrial cpn10, supporting previous reports showing that beta(14) is functional only with mitochondrial cpn10 and not with other cpn10 homologs. Surprisingly, direct binding assays showed that both ch-cpn60 oligomer types bind to bacterial, mitochondrial, and chloroplast cpn10 homologs with an equal apparent affinity. Moreover, mitochondrial cpn60 binds chloroplast cpn20 with which it is not able to refold denatured proteins. Protein refolding experiments showed that in such instances, the bound protein is released in a conformation that is not able to refold. The presence of glycerol, or subsequent addition of mitochondrial cpn10, allows us to recover enzymatic activity of the substrate protein. Thus, in our systems, the formation of co-chaperonin/chaperonin complexes does not necessarily lead to protein folding. By using heterologous oligomer systems, we are able to separate the functions of binding and refolding in order to better understand the chaperonin mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat L. Bonshtien
- Department of Biochemistry, The George Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69778 Israel
| | - Avital Parnas
- Department of Biochemistry, The George Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69778 Israel
| | - Rajach Sharkia
- Beit-Berl College, Beit-Berl, 44905 Israel
- The Triangle Research and Development Center, P.O. Box 2167, Kfar Qari’, 30075 Israel
| | - Adina Niv
- Department of Biochemistry, The George Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69778 Israel
| | - Itzhak Mizrahi
- Department of Biochemistry, The George Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69778 Israel
| | - Abdussalam Azem
- Department of Biochemistry, The George Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69778 Israel
| | - Celeste Weiss
- Department of Biochemistry, The George Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69778 Israel
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20
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Parnas A, Nadler M, Nisemblat S, Horovitz A, Mandel H, Azem A. The MitCHAP-60 disease is due to entropic destabilization of the human mitochondrial Hsp60 oligomer. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:28198-28203. [PMID: 19706612 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.031997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The 60-kDa heat shock protein (mHsp60) is a vital cellular complex that mediates the folding of many of the mitochondrial proteins. Its function is executed in cooperation with the co-chaperonin, mHsp10, and requires ATP. Recently, the discovery of a new mHsp60-associated neurodegenerative disorder, MitCHAP-60 disease, has been reported. The disease is caused by a point mutation at position 3 (D3G) of the mature mitochondrial Hsp60 protein, which renders it unable to complement the deletion of the homologous bacterial protein in Escherichia coli (Magen, D., Georgopoulos, C., Bross, P., Ang, D., Segev, Y., Goldsher, D., Nemirovski, A., Shahar, E., Ravid, S., Luder, A., Heno, B., Gershoni-Baruch, R., Skorecki, K., and Mandel, H. (2008) Am. J. Hum. Genet. 83, 30-42). The molecular basis of the MitCHAP-60 disease is still unknown. In this study, we present an in vitro structural and functional analysis of the purified wild-type human mHsp60 and the MitCHAP-60 mutant. We show that the D3G mutation leads to destabilization of the mHsp60 oligomer and causes its disassembly at low protein concentrations. We also show that the mutant protein has impaired protein folding and ATPase activities. An additional mutant that lacks the first three amino acids (N-del), including Asp-3, is similarly impaired in refolding activity. Surprisingly, however, this mutant exhibits profound stabilization of its oligomeric structure. These results suggest that the D3G mutation leads to entropic destabilization of the mHsp60 oligomer, which severely impairs its chaperone function, thereby causing the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avital Parnas
- Department of Biochemistry, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69778 Tel Aviv
| | - Michal Nadler
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100
| | - Shahar Nisemblat
- Department of Biochemistry, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69778 Tel Aviv
| | - Amnon Horovitz
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100.
| | - Hanna Mandel
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology and Metabolic Disease Unit, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Abdussalam Azem
- Department of Biochemistry, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69778 Tel Aviv.
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21
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Liu H, Kovács E, Lund PA. Characterisation of mutations in GroES that allow GroEL to function as a single ring. FEBS Lett 2009; 583:2365-71. [PMID: 19545569 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Revised: 06/05/2009] [Accepted: 06/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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22
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Weiss C, Bonshtien A, Farchi-Pisanty O, Vitlin A, Azem A. Cpn20: siamese twins of the chaperonin world. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2009; 69:227-38. [PMID: 19031045 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-008-9432-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2008] [Accepted: 11/08/2008] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The chloroplast cpn20 protein is a functional homolog of the cpn10 co-chaperonin, but its gene consists of two cpn10-like units joined head-to-tail by a short chain of amino acids. This double protein is unique to plastids and was shown to exist in plants as well plastid-containing parasites. In vitro assays showed that this cpn20 co-chaperonin is a functional homolog of cpn10. In terms of structure, existing data indicate that the oligomer is tetrameric, yet it interacts with a heptameric cpn60 partner. Thus, the functional oligomeric structure remains a mystery. In this review, we summarize what is known about this distinctive chaperonin and use a bioinformatics approach to examine the expression of cpn20 in Arabidopsis thaliana relative to other chaperonin genes in this species. In addition, we examine the primary structure of the two homologous domains for similarities and differences, in comparison with cpn10 from other species. Lastly, we hypothesize as to the oligomeric structure and raison d'être of this unusual co-chaperonin homolog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Weiss
- Department of Biochemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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23
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Singh B, Gupta RS. Conserved inserts in the Hsp60 (GroEL) and Hsp70 (DnaK) proteins are essential for cellular growth. Mol Genet Genomics 2009; 281:361-73. [PMID: 19127371 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-008-0417-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2008] [Accepted: 12/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The Hsp60 and Hsp70 chaperones contain a number of conserved inserts that are restricted to particular phyla of bacteria. A one aa insert in the E. coli GroEL and a 21-23 insert in the DnaK proteins are specific for most Gram-negative bacteria. Two other inserts in DnaK are limited to certain groups of proteobacteria. The requirement of these inserts for cellular growth was examined by carrying out complementation studies with temperature-sensitive (T(s)) mutants of E. coli groEL or dnaK. Our results demonstrate that deletion or most changes in these inserts completely abolished the complementation ability of the mutant proteins. Studies with GroEL and DnaK from some other species that either lacked or contained these inserts also indicated that these inserts are essential for growth of E. coli. The DnaK from some bacteria contains a two aa insert that is not found in E. coli. Introduction of this insert into the E. coli DnaK also led to its inactivation, indicating that these inserts are specific for different groups. We postulate that these conserved inserts that are localized in loop regions on protein surfaces, are involved in some ancillary functions that are essential for the groups of bacteria where they are found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhag Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, L8N 3Z5, Canada
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24
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Mitochondrial hsp60 chaperonopathy causes an autosomal-recessive neurodegenerative disorder linked to brain hypomyelination and leukodystrophy. Am J Hum Genet 2008; 83:30-42. [PMID: 18571143 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2008] [Revised: 05/20/2008] [Accepted: 05/28/2008] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypomyelinating leukodystrophies (HMLs) are disorders involving aberrant myelin formation. The prototype of primary HMLs is the X-linked Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) caused by mutations in PLP1. Recently, homozygous mutations in GJA12 encoding connexin 47 were found in patients with autosomal-recessive Pelizaeus-Merzbacher-like disease (PMLD). However, many patients of both genders with PMLD carry neither PLP1 nor GJA12 mutations. We report a consanguineous Israeli Bedouin kindred with clinical and radiological findings compatible with PMLD, in which linkage to PLP1 and GJA12 was excluded. Using homozygosity mapping and mutation analysis, we have identified a homozygous missense mutation (D29G) not previously described in HSPD1, encoding the mitochondrial heat-shock protein 60 (Hsp60) in all affected individuals. The D29G mutation completely segregates with the disease-associated phenotype. The pathogenic effect of D29G on Hsp60-chaperonin activity was verified by an in vivo E. coli complementation assay, which demonstrated compromised ability of the D29G-Hsp60 mutant protein to support E. coli survival, especially at high temperatures. The disorder, which we have termed MitCHAP-60 disease, can be distinguished from spastic paraplegia 13 (SPG13), another Hsp60-associated autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disorder, by its autosomal-recessive inheritance pattern, as well as by its early-onset, profound cerebral involvement and lethality. Our findings suggest that Hsp60 defects can cause neurodegenerative pathologies of varying severity, not previously suspected on the basis of the SPG13 phenotype. These findings should help to clarify the important role of Hsp60 in myelinogenesis and neurodegeneration.
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25
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Martí S, Sánchez-Céspedes J, Oliveira E, Bellido D, Giralt E, Vila J. Proteomic analysis of a fraction enriched in cell envelope proteins of Acinetobacter baumannii. Proteomics 2008; 6 Suppl 1:S82-7. [PMID: 16544276 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200500323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a multiresistant opportunistic nosocomial pathogen. A protein fraction was purified and analyzed by 2-DE. Twenty-nine major protein spots were selected for protein identification using trypsin digestion and MS analysis. As the A. baumannii genome has not yet been described, protein identification was performed by homology with other Acinetobacter species in the NCBi database. We identified ribosomal proteins, chaperones, elongation factors and outer membrane proteins (Omp), such as OmpA and the 33-36-kDa OMP. Proteomic analysis of A. baumannii provides a platform for further studies in antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Martí
- Servei de Microbiologia, Centre de Diagnòstic Biomèdic, Hospital Clínic, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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26
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Hansen J, Corydon TJ, Palmfeldt J, Dürr A, Fontaine B, Nielsen MN, Christensen JH, Gregersen N, Bross P. Decreased expression of the mitochondrial matrix proteases Lon and ClpP in cells from a patient with hereditary spastic paraplegia (SPG13). Neuroscience 2008; 153:474-82. [PMID: 18378094 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2008] [Accepted: 01/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial chaperonin heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) assists the folding of a subset of proteins localized in mitochondria and is an essential component of the mitochondrial protein quality control system. Mutations in the HSPD1 gene that encodes Hsp60 have been identified in patients with an autosomal dominant form of hereditary spastic paraplegia (SPG13), a late-onset neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive paraparesis of the lower limbs. The disease-associated Hsp60-(p.Val98Ile) protein, encoded by the c.292G>A HSPD1 allele, has reduced chaperonin activity, but how its expression affects mitochondrial functions has not been investigated. We have studied mitochondrial function and expression of genes encoding mitochondrial chaperones and proteases in a human lymphoblastoid cell line and fibroblast cells from a patient who is heterozygous for the c.292G>A HSPD1 allele. We found that both the c.292G>A RNA transcript and the corresponding Hsp60-(p.Val98Ile) protein were present at comparable levels to their wild-type counterparts in SPG13 patient cells. Compared with control cells, we found no significant cellular or mitochondrial dysfunctions in SPG13 patient cells by assessing the mitochondrial membrane potential, cell viability, and sensitivity toward oxidative stress. However, a decreased expression of the mitochondrial protein quality control proteases Lon and ClpP, both at the RNA and protein level, was demonstrated in SPG13 patient cells. We propose that decreased levels of mitochondrial proteases Lon and ClpP may allow Hsp60 substrate proteins to go through more folding attempts instead of being prematurely degraded, thereby supporting productive folding in cells with reduced Hsp60 chaperonin activity. In conclusion, our studies with SPG13 patient cells expressing the functionally impaired mutant Hsp60 chaperonin suggest that reduction of the degradative activity of the protein quality control system may represent a previously unrecognized cellular adaptation to reduced chaperone function.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hansen
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Aarhus, Denmark.
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27
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Chennubhotla C, Yang Z, Bahar I. Coupling between global dynamics and signal transduction pathways: a mechanism of allostery for chaperonin GroEL. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2008; 4:287-92. [DOI: 10.1039/b717819k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Zhao X, Li Q, Zhao L, Pu X. Proteome analysis of substantia nigra and striatal tissue in the mouse MPTP model of Parkinson's disease. Proteomics Clin Appl 2007; 1:1559-69. [PMID: 21136655 DOI: 10.1002/prca.200700077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2007] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The dopaminergic neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) replicates many of the pathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD) in mice via selective destruction of dopamine neurons of the substantia nigra and striatum. Although MPTP has been widely used to study downstream effects following the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, the underlying mechanisms of MPTP action remain poorly understood. To determine the underlying mechanisms of MPTP action at the protein level, a 2-DE-based proteomics approach was used to evaluate the changes in protein expression in substantia nigra and striatal tissue in C57BL/6 mice after MPTP administration. We identified nine proteins that were markedly altered and are likely to be involved in mitochondrial function, heat shock protein activity, and which contribute enzyme activities for energy metabolism and protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
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29
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Chaperonin 10 as a putative modulator of multiple Toll-like receptors for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2007. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.17.10.1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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30
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Chennubhotla C, Bahar I. Markov methods for hierarchical coarse-graining of large protein dynamics. J Comput Biol 2007; 14:765-76. [PMID: 17691893 DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2007.r015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Elastic network models (ENMs) and, in particular, the Gaussian Network Model (GNM) have been widely used in recent years to gain insights into the machinery of proteins. The extension of ENMs to supramolecular assemblies presents computational challenges, because of the difficulty in retaining atomic details in mode decomposition of large protein dynamics. Here, we present a novel approach to address this problem. We rely on the premise that, all the residues of the protein machinery (network) must communicate with each other and operate in a coordinated manner to perform their function successfully. To gain insight into the mechanism of information transfer between residues, we study a Markov model of network communication. Using the Markov chain perspective, we map the full-atom network representation into a hierarchy of ENMs of decreasing resolution, perform analysis of dominant communication (or dynamic) patterns in reduced space(s) and reconstruct the detailed models with minimal loss of information. The communication properties at different levels of the hierarchy are intrinsically defined by the network topology. This new representation has several features, including: soft clustering of the protein structure into stochastically coherent regions thus providing a useful assessment of elements serving as hubs and/or transmitters in propagating information/interaction; automatic computation of the contact matrices for ENMs at each level of the hierarchy to facilitate computation of both Gaussian and anisotropic fluctuation dynamics. We illustrate the utility of the hierarchical decomposition in providing an insightful description of the supramolecular machinery by applying the methodology to the chaperonin GroEL-GroES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chakra Chennubhotla
- Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
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31
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Hansen J, Svenstrup K, Ang D, Nielsen MN, Christensen JH, Gregersen N, Nielsen JE, Georgopoulos C, Bross P. A novel mutation in the HSPD1 gene in a patient with hereditary spastic paraplegia. J Neurol 2007; 254:897-900. [PMID: 17420924 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-006-0470-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2006] [Revised: 08/24/2006] [Accepted: 08/24/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A mutation in the HSPD1 gene has previously been associated with an autosomal dominant form of spastic paraplegia in a French family. HSPD1 encodes heat shock protein 60, a molecular chaperone involved in folding and quality control of mitochondrial proteins. In the present work we have investigated 23 Danish index patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) for mutations in the HSPD1 gene. One patient was found to be heterozygous for a c.1381C > G missense mutation encoding the mutant heat shock protein 60 p.Gln461Glu. The mutation was also present in two unaffected brothers, but absent in 400 unrelated Danish individuals. We found that the function of the p.Gln461Glu heat shock protein 60 was mildly compromised. The c.1381C > G mutation likely represents a novel low-penetrance HSP allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Hansen
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences Aarhus University Hospital , Skejby Sygehus, Brendstrupgaardsvej, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark,
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Bonshtien AL, Weiss C, Vitlin A, Niv A, Lorimer GH, Azem A. Significance of the N-terminal domain for the function of chloroplast cpn20 chaperonin. J Biol Chem 2006; 282:4463-4469. [PMID: 17178727 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m606433200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Chaperonins cpn60 and cpn10 are essential proteins involved in cellular protein folding. Plant chloroplasts contain a unique version of the cpn10 co-chaperonin, cpn20, which consists of two homologous cpn10-like domains (N-cpn20 and C-cpn20) that are connected by a short linker region. Although cpn20 seems to function like other single domain cpn10 oligomers, the structure and specific functions of the domains are not understood. We mutated amino acids in the "mobile loop" regions of N-cpn20, C-cpn20 or both: a highly conserved glycine, which was shown to be important for flexibility of the mobile loop, and a leucine residue shown to be involved in binding of co-chaperonin to chaperonin. The mutant proteins were purified and their oligomeric structure validated by gel filtration, native gel electrophoresis, and circular dichroism. Functional assays of protein refolding and inhibition of GroEL ATPase both showed (i) mutation of the conserved glycine reduced the activity of cpn20, whether in N-cpn20 (G32A) or C-cpn20 (G130A). The same mutation in the bacterial cpn10 (GroES G24A) had no effect on activity. (ii) Mutations in the highly conserved leucine of N-cpn20 (L35A) and in the corresponding L27A of GroES resulted in inactive protein. (iii) In contrast, mutant L133A, in which the conserved leucine of C-cpn20 was altered, retained 55% activity. We conclude that the structure of cpn20 is much more sensitive to alterations in the mobile loop than is the structure of GroES. Moreover, only N-cpn20 is necessary for activity of cpn20. However, full and efficient functioning requires both domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat L Bonshtien
- Department of Biochemistry, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel and the
| | - Celeste Weiss
- Department of Biochemistry, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel and the.
| | - Anna Vitlin
- Department of Biochemistry, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel and the
| | - Adina Niv
- Department of Biochemistry, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel and the
| | - George H Lorimer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Abdussalam Azem
- Department of Biochemistry, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel and the.
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Bross P, Li Z, Hansen J, Hansen JJ, Nielsen MN, Corydon TJ, Georgopoulos C, Ang D, Lundemose JB, Niezen-Koning K, Eiberg H, Yang H, Kølvraa S, Bolund L, Gregersen N. Single-nucleotide variations in the genes encoding the mitochondrial Hsp60/Hsp10 chaperone system and their disease-causing potential. J Hum Genet 2006; 52:56-65. [PMID: 17072495 DOI: 10.1007/s10038-006-0080-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2006] [Accepted: 09/29/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones assist protein folding, and variations in their encoding genes may be disease-causing in themselves or influence the phenotypic expression of disease-associated or susceptibility-conferring variations in many different genes. We have screened three candidate patient groups for variations in the HSPD1 and HSPE1 genes encoding the mitochondrial Hsp60/Hsp10 chaperone complex: two patients with multiple mitochondrial enzyme deficiency, 61 sudden infant death syndrome cases (MIM: #272120), and 60 patients presenting with ethylmalonic aciduria carrying non-synonymous susceptibility variations in the ACADS gene (MIM: *606885 and #201470). Besides previously reported variations we detected six novel variations: two in the bidirectional promoter region, and one synonymous and three non-synonymous variations in the HSPD1 coding region. One of the non-synonymous variations was polymorphic in patient and control samples, and the rare variations were each only found in single patients and absent in 100 control chromosomes. Functional investigation of the effects of the variations in the promoter region and the non-synonymous variations in the coding region indicated that none of them had a significant impact. Taken together, our data argue against the notion that the chaperonin genes play a major role in the investigated diseases. However, the described variations may represent genetic modifiers with subtle effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bross
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Skejby Sygehus, Aarhus University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, 8200, Århus N, Denmark.
| | - Zhijie Li
- Bejing Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jakob Hansen
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Skejby Sygehus, Aarhus University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, 8200, Århus N, Denmark
| | - Jens Jacob Hansen
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Skejby Sygehus, Aarhus University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, 8200, Århus N, Denmark
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marit Nyholm Nielsen
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Skejby Sygehus, Aarhus University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, 8200, Århus N, Denmark
| | | | - Costa Georgopoulos
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Debbie Ang
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Klary Niezen-Koning
- Institute for Drug Exploration (GUIDE), University Hospital Groningen and Groningen University, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Eiberg
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Panum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Huanming Yang
- Bejing Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Steen Kølvraa
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Vejle Hospital, 7100, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Lars Bolund
- Bejing Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Niels Gregersen
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Skejby Sygehus, Aarhus University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, 8200, Århus N, Denmark
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Chennubhotla C, Bahar I. Markov propagation of allosteric effects in biomolecular systems: application to GroEL-GroES. Mol Syst Biol 2006; 2:36. [PMID: 16820777 PMCID: PMC1681507 DOI: 10.1038/msb4100075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2005] [Accepted: 05/11/2006] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We introduce a novel approach for elucidating the potential pathways of allosteric communication in biomolecular systems. The methodology, based on Markov propagation of 'information' across the structure, permits us to partition the network of interactions into soft clusters distinguished by their coherent stochastics. Probabilistic participation of residues in these clusters defines the communication patterns inherent to the network architecture. Application to bacterial chaperonin complex GroEL-GroES, an allostery-driven structure, identifies residues engaged in intra- and inter-subunit communication, including those acting as hubs and messengers. A number of residues are distinguished by their high potentials to transmit allosteric signals, including Pro33 and Thr90 at the nucleotide-binding site and Glu461 and Arg197 mediating inter- and intra-ring communication, respectively. We propose two most likely pathways of signal transmission, between nucleotide- and GroES-binding sites across the cis and trans rings, which involve several conserved residues. A striking observation is the opposite direction of information flow within cis and trans rings, consistent with negative inter-ring cooperativity. Comparison with collective modes deduced from normal mode analysis reveals the propensity of global hinge regions to act as messengers in the transmission of allosteric signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chakra Chennubhotla
- Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ivet Bahar
- Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Ricke RM, Bielinsky AK. A conserved Hsp10-like domain in Mcm10 is required to stabilize the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase-alpha in budding yeast. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:18414-25. [PMID: 16675460 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m513551200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mcm10 is a conserved eukaryotic DNA replication factor that is required for S phase progression. Recently, Mcm10 has been shown to interact physically with the DNA polymerase-alpha (pol-alpha).primase complex. We show now that Mcm10 is in a complex with pol-alpha throughout the cell cycle. In temperature-sensitive mcm10-1 mutants, depletion of Mcm10 results in degradation of the catalytic subunit of pol-alpha, Cdc17/Pol1, regardless of whether cells are in G(1), S, or G(2) phase. Importantly, Cdc17 protein levels can be restored upon overexpression of exogenous Mcm10 in mcm10-1 mutants that are grown at the nonpermissive temperature. Moreover, overexpressed Cdc17 that is normally subject to rapid degradation is stabilized by Mcm10 co-overexpression but not by co-overexpression of the B-subunit of pol-alpha, Pol12. These results are consistent with Mcm10 having a role as a nuclear chaperone for Cdc17. Mutational analysis indicates that a conserved heat-shock protein 10 (Hsp10)-like domain in Mcm10 is required to prevent the degradation of Cdc17. Substitution of a single residue in the Hsp10-like domain of endogenous Mcm10 results in a dramatic reduction of steady-state Cdc17 levels. The high degree of evolutionary conservation of this domain implies that stabilizing Cdc17 may be a conserved function of Mcm10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin M Ricke
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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Markov Methods for Hierarchical Coarse-Graining of Large Protein Dynamics. LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/11732990_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Czarnecka AM, Campanella C, Zummo G, Cappello F. Heat shock protein 10 and signal transduction: a "capsula eburnea" of carcinogenesis? Cell Stress Chaperones 2006; 11:287-94. [PMID: 17278877 PMCID: PMC1713189 DOI: 10.1379/csc-200.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2006] [Revised: 06/05/2006] [Accepted: 06/19/2006] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, little is known either about the physical interactions of heat shock protein 10 (Hsp10) with other proteins within the cell or its involvement in signal transduction pathways. Hsp10 has been considered mainly as a partner of Hsp60 in the Hsp60/10 protein folding machine. Only recently, Hsp10 was reported to interact with proteins involved in deoxyribonucleic acid checkpoint inactivation, termination of M-phase, messenger ribonucleic acid export, import of nuclear proteins, nucleocytoplasmic transport, and pheromone signaling pathways. At the same time, Hsp10 expression can be up-regulated in cancer cells, because it accumulates as the cell transformation progresses. Recent data suggest that Hsp10 may be not only a component of the folding machine but also an active player of the cell signaling network, influencing cell cycle, nucleocytoplasmic transport, and metabolism, with putative roles in the lack of cell differentiation and in the inhibition of apoptosis. In this review, we revise the involvement of Hsp10 in signal transduction pathways and its possible role in cancer etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Czarnecka
- Department of Genetics, University of Warsaw, ul. Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106, Warszawa, Poland
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38
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van der Giezen M, León-Avila G, Tovar J. Characterization of chaperonin 10 (Cpn10) from the intestinal human pathogen Entamoeba histolytica. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2005; 151:3107-3115. [PMID: 16151221 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.28068-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of amoebiasis, a poverty-related disease that kills an estimated 100 000 people each year. E. histolytica does not contain "standard mitochondria", but harbours mitochondrial remnant organelles called mitosomes. These organelles are characterized by the presence of mitochondrial chaperonin Cpn60, but little else is known about the functions and molecular composition of mitosomes. In this study, a gene encoding molecular chaperonin Cpn10--the functional partner of Cpn60--was cloned, and its structure and expression were characterized, as well as the cellular localization of its encoded protein. The 5' untranslated region of the gene contains all of the structural promoter elements required for transcription in this organism. The amoebic Cpn10, like Cpn60, is not significantly upregulated upon heat-shock treatment. Computer-assisted protein modelling, and specific antibodies against Cpn10 and Cpn60, suggest that both proteins interact with each other, and that they function in the same intracellular compartment. Thus, E. histolytica appears to have retained at least two of the key molecular components required for the refolding of imported mitosomal proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark van der Giezen
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Gloria León-Avila
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Jorge Tovar
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
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Cappello F, David S, Rappa F, Bucchieri F, Marasà L, Bartolotta TE, Farina F, Zummo G. The expression of HSP60 and HSP10 in large bowel carcinomas with lymph node metastase. BMC Cancer 2005; 5:139. [PMID: 16253146 PMCID: PMC1289279 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-5-139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2005] [Accepted: 10/28/2005] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The involvement of Heat Shock Proteins (HSP) in cancer development and progression is a widely debated topic. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the presence and expression of HSP60 and HSP10 in a series of large bowel carcinomas and locoregional lymph nodes with and without metastases. Methods 82 Astler and Coller's stage C2 colorectal cancers, of which 48 well-differentiated and 34 poorly-differentiated, were selected along with 661 lymph nodes, including 372 with metastases and 289 with reactive hyperplasia only, from the same tumours. Primitive tumours and both metastatic and reactive lymph nodes were studied; specifically, three different compartments of the lymph nodes, secondary follicle, paracortex and medullary sinus, were also analysed. An immunohistochemical research for HSP60 and HSP10 was performed and the semiquantitative results were analysed by statistical analysis to determine the correlation between HSPs expression and 1) tumour grading; 2) degree of inflammation; 3) number of lymph nodes involved; 4) lymph node compartment hyperplasia. Moreover, western blotting was performed on a smaller group of samples to confirm the immunohistochemical results. Results Our data show that the expression of HSP60, in both primary tumour and lymph node metastasis, is correlated with the tumoral grade, while the HSP10 expression is not. Nevertheless, the levels of HSP10 are commonly higher than the levels of HSP60. In addition, statistical analyses do not show any correlation between the degree of inflammation and the immunopositivity for both HSP60 and HSP10. Moreover, we find a significant correlation between the presence of lymph node metastases and the positivity for both HSP60 and HSP10. In particular, metastatic lymph nodes show a higher percentage of cells positive for both HSP60 and HSP10 in the secondary follicles, and for HSP10 in the medullary sinuses, when compared with hyperplastic lymph nodes. Conclusion HSP60 and HSP10 may have diagnostic and prognostic significance in the management of this tumour and their overexpression in tumoral cells may be functionally related to tumoral progression. We hypothesise that their expression in follicular and medullary cells of lymph nodes may be induced by formation of metastases. Further studies based on these observations could lead to a better understanding of the HSPs involvement in colorectal cancer progression, as well as other neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Cappello
- Sezione di Anatomia Umana, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Italy
| | - Sabrina David
- Sezione di Anatomia Umana, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesca Rappa
- Reparto di Anatomia Patologica, Ospedale "Civico", Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio Bucchieri
- Sezione di Anatomia Umana, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Marasà
- Reparto di Anatomia Patologica, Ospedale "Civico", Palermo, Italy
| | - Tommaso E Bartolotta
- Sezione di Anatomia Umana, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Italy
| | - Felicia Farina
- Sezione di Anatomia Umana, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zummo
- Sezione di Anatomia Umana, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Italy
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Qamra R, Mande SC, Coates ARM, Henderson B. The unusual chaperonins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2005; 85:385-94. [PMID: 16253564 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2005.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps), also known as molecular chaperones, are a diverse set of proteins that mediate the correct folding, assembly, transport and degradation of other proteins. In addition, Hsps have been shown to play a variety of important roles in immunity, thereby representing prominent antigens in the humoral and cellular immune response. Chaperonins form a sub-group of molecular chaperones that are found in all domains of life. Chaperonins in all bacteria are encoded by the essential groEL and groES genes, also called cpn60 and cpn10 arranged on the bicistronic groESL operon. Interestingly, Mycobacterium tuberculosis contains two copies of the cpn60 genes. The existence of a duplicate set of cpn60 genes in M. tuberculosis, however, has been perplexing. Cpn10 and Cpn60s of M. tuberculosis have been shown to be highly antigenic in nature, eliciting strong B- and T-cell immune responses. Recent work has shown intriguing structural, biochemical and signaling properties of the M. tuberculosis chaperonins. This review details the recent developments in the study of the M. tuberculosis chaperonins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Qamra
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, ECIL Road, Nacharam, Hyderabad 500 076, India
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41
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Brown C, Liao J, Wittung-Stafshede P. Interface mutation in heptameric co-chaperonin protein 10 destabilizes subunits but not interfaces. Arch Biochem Biophys 2005; 439:175-83. [PMID: 15978542 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2005.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2005] [Revised: 05/11/2005] [Accepted: 05/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We here report on a human mitochondrial co-chaperonin protein 10 (cpn10) variant in which the conserved interface residue leucine-96 is replaced with glycine (Leu96Gly cpn10). According to analytical ultracentrifugation, the mutation does not perturb the ability to assemble into a heptamer and electron microscopy reveals that Leu96Gly cpn10 is ring-shaped like wild-type cpn10. Despite elimination of a hydrophobic residue, the subunit-subunit affinity is essentially identical in Leu96Gly cpn10 and in wild-type cpn10. This is explained by a compensating rearrangement in Leu96Gly cpn10, evident from cross-linking and gel-filtration experiments. As a direct result of lower monomer stability, Leu96Gly cpn10 is dramatically less stable towards chemical and thermal perturbations as compared to wild-type cpn10. We conclude that leucine-96 is an interface residue preserved to guarantee stable cpn10 monomers. Our study demonstrates that the cpn10 interfaces can adapt to structural alterations without loss of either subunit-subunit affinity or heptamer specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Brown
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA
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42
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Bakkes PJ, Faber BW, van Heerikhuizen H, van der Vies SM. The T4-encoded cochaperonin, gp31, has unique properties that explain its requirement for the folding of the T4 major capsid protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:8144-9. [PMID: 15919824 PMCID: PMC1149413 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0500048102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2005] [Accepted: 04/04/2005] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The morphogenesis of bacteriophage T4 requires a specialized bacteriophage-encoded molecular chaperone (gp31) that is essential for the folding of the T4 major capsid protein (gp23). gp31 is related to GroES, the chaperonin of the Escherichia coli host because it displays a similar overall structure and properties. Why GroES is unable to fold the T4 capsid protein in conjunction with GroEL is unknown. Here we show that gp23 binds to the GroEL heptameric ring opposite to the ring that is bound by gp31 (the so-called trans-ring), while no binding to the trans-ring of the GroEL-GroES complex is observed. Although gp23 can be enclosed within the folding cage of the GroEL-gp31 complex, encapsulation within the GroEL-GroES complex is not possible. So it appears that folding of the T4 major capsid protein requires a gp31-dependent cis-folding mechanism likely inside an enlarged "Anfinsen cage" provided by GroEL and gp31.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Bakkes
- Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Protein maturation in eukaryotic organelles requires the type I chaperonin system; this comprises chaperonin 60 (Cpn60) and its cochaperonin. We have re-examined and revised the sequence of the nuclear genes specifying organellar cochaperonins in Plasmodium falciparum (Pf). One gene encodes a typical cochaperonin (PfCpn10) whereas the other (encoding PfCpn20) specifies two Cpn10 domains arranged in tandem as in plant chloroplasts. Transfection experiments using fluorescent reporters showed specific localization of PfCpn10 to the mitochondrion and PfCpn20 to the plastid. As P. falciparum also has two Cpn60s, one of which is targeted specifically to the mitochondrion and the other exclusively to the plastid, each organelle has a distinct type I chaperonin system. Comparative sequence analysis extended these findings to several other apicomplexan parasites that have both a mitochondrion and a plastid. Phylogenetic analysis suggests the Cpn10s and Cpn20s of apicomplexans are independently monophyletic. The apicomplexan Cpn10 is phylogenetically related to other mitochondrial versions but a significant relationship between apicomplexan Cpn20s and other cochaperonins was not established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeharu Sato
- Division of Parasitology, National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK.
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Fernandes M, Silva R, Rössle SC, Bisch PM, Rondinelli E, Urményi TP. Gene characterization and predicted protein structure of the mitochondrial chaperonin HSP10 of Trypanosoma cruzi. Gene 2005; 349:135-42. [PMID: 15780998 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2004.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2004] [Revised: 11/16/2004] [Accepted: 11/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein (HSP) 10 is a member of the highly conserved group of molecular chaperons, which are necessary for efficient folding of many proteins in normal and stress conditions and have been implicated in several human diseases. We have characterized the HSP10 genes of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas' disease. After sequence analysis of clones obtained from the T. cruzi Genome Initiative, we show that the T. cruzi HSP10 coding region is 300 bp long, encoding a polypeptide of 100 amino acids with highest sequence identity (83%) to HSP10 of Trypanosoma brucei and lowest (28%) to HSP10 of Escherichia coli. The T. cruzi HSP10 genes are arranged in 3 tandemly repeated copies, which give rise to a major mRNA of 1.0 kb that remains unaltered during heat shock; a smaller mRNA species is induced at 37 degrees C by alternate polyadenylation. Finally, the presence of a conserved 5-amino acid residue deletion in trypanosomatid HSP10s led us to generate a molecular model of the T. cruzi HSP10 structure. The oligomeric assembly of this model shows some peculiar characteristics that may have functional significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Fernandes
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21.949-900, Brazil
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Lin KM, Hollander JM, Kao VY, Lin B, Macpherson L, Dillmann WH. Myocyte protection by 10 kD heat shock protein (Hsp10) involves the mobile loop and attenuation of the Ras GTP-ase pathway. FASEB J 2004; 18:1004-6. [PMID: 15059967 DOI: 10.1096/fj.03-0348fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (hsp), hsp60 and hsp10, are involved in the folding of imported mitochondrial proteins and the refolding of denatured proteins after stress. We examined whether hsp10 can reduce myocyte death by its mitochondrial function or by interacting with cytoplasmic signaling pathways. Overexpression of hsp10 by adenoviral infection decreased myocyte death induced by hydrogen peroxide, sodium cyanide, and simulated ischemia and reoxygenation (SI/RO). We generated an adenoviral vector coding for a temperature-sensitive mutant hsp10 protein (P34H), incapable of cooperatively refolding denatured malate dehydrogenase with hsp60. Overexpression of the hsp10 mutant potentiated SI/RO-induced myocyte death. Analysis of electron transport chain function revealed increased Complex I capacity with hsp10 overexpression, whereas hsp10(P34H) overexpression decreased Complex II capacity. Hsp10 overexpression preserved both Complex I and II function after SI/RO. Examination of the Ras GTP-ase signaling pathway indicated that inhibition of Ras was required for protection by hsp10. Constitutive activation of Ras abolished the effects afforded by hsp10 and hsp10(P34H). Hsp10 overexpression inactivated Raf, ERK, and p90Ribosomal kinase (p90RSK) before and after SI/RO. Our results suggest that complex mechanisms are involved in the protection by hsp10 against SI/RO-induced myocyte death. This mechanism may involve the hsp10 mobile loop and attenuation of the Ras GTP-ase signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt M Lin
- Division of Medical Engineering Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan
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Barral JM, Broadley SA, Schaffar G, Hartl FU. Roles of molecular chaperones in protein misfolding diseases. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2004; 15:17-29. [PMID: 15036203 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2003.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human misfolding diseases result from the failure of proteins to reach their active state or from the accumulation of aberrantly folded proteins. The mechanisms by which molecular chaperones influence the development of these diseases is beginning to be understood. Mutations that compromise the activity of chaperones lead to several rare syndromes. In contrast, the more frequent amyloid-related neurodegenerative diseases are caused by a gain of toxic function of misfolded proteins. Toxicity in these disorders may result from an imbalance between normal chaperone capacity and production of dangerous protein species. Increased chaperone expression can suppress the neurotoxicity of these molecules, suggesting possible therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Barral
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Am Klopferspitz 18a, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany
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Figueiredo L, Klunker D, Ang D, Naylor DJ, Kerner MJ, Georgopoulos C, Hartl FU, Hayer-Hartl M. Functional characterization of an archaeal GroEL/GroES chaperonin system: significance of substrate encapsulation. J Biol Chem 2003; 279:1090-9. [PMID: 14576149 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m310914200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In all three kingdoms of life chaperonins assist the folding of a range of newly synthesized proteins. As shown recently, Archaea of the genus Methanosarcina contain both group I (GroEL/GroES) and group II (thermosome) chaperonins in the cytosol. Here we report on a detailed functional analysis of the archaeal GroEL/GroES system of Methanosarcina mazei (Mm) in comparison to its bacterial counterpart from Escherichia coli (Ec). We find that the groESgroEL operon of M. mazei is unable to functionally replace groESgroEL in E. coli. However, the MmGroES protein can largely complement a mutant EcGroES protein in vivo. The ATPase rate of MmGroEL is very low and the dissociation of MmGroES from MmGroEL is 15 times slower than for the EcGroEL/GroES system. This slow ATPase cycle results in a prolonged enclosure time for model substrate proteins, such as rhodanese, in the MmGroEL:GroES folding cage before their release into the medium. Interestingly, optimal functionality of MmGroEL/GroES and its ability to encapsulate larger proteins, such as malate dehydrogenase, requires the presence of ammonium sulfate in vitro. In the absence of ammonium sulfate, malate dehydrogenase fails to be encapsulated by GroES and rather cycles on and off the GroEL trans ring in a non-productive reaction. These results indicate that the archaeal GroEL/GroES system has preserved the basic encapsulation mechanism of bacterial GroEL and suggest that it has adjusted the length of its reaction cycle to the slower growth rates of Archaea. Additionally, the release of only the folded protein from the GroEL/GroES cage may prevent adverse interactions of the GroEL substrates with the thermosome, which is not normally located within the same compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Figueiredo
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18a, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany
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48
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Klunker D, Haas B, Hirtreiter A, Figueiredo L, Naylor DJ, Pfeifer G, Müller V, Deppenmeier U, Gottschalk G, Hartl FU, Hayer-Hartl M. Coexistence of group I and group II chaperonins in the archaeon Methanosarcina mazei. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:33256-67. [PMID: 12796498 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m302018200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Two distantly related classes of cylindrical chaperonin complexes assist in the folding of newly synthesized and stress-denatured proteins in an ATP-dependent manner. Group I chaperonins are thought to be restricted to the cytosol of bacteria and to mitochondria and chloroplasts, whereas the group II chaperonins are found in the archaeal and eukaryotic cytosol. Here we show that members of the archaeal genus Methanosarcina co-express both the complete group I (GroEL/GroES) and group II (thermosome/prefoldin) chaperonin systems in their cytosol. These mesophilic archaea have acquired between 20 and 35% of their genes by lateral gene transfer from bacteria. In Methanosarcina mazei Gö1, both chaperonins are similarly abundant and are moderately induced under heat stress. The M. mazei GroEL/GroES proteins have the structural features of their bacterial counterparts. The thermosome contains three paralogous subunits, alpha, beta, and gamma, which assemble preferentially at a molar ratio of 2:1:1. As shown in vitro, the assembly reaction is dependent on ATP/Mg2+ or ADP/Mg2+ and the regulatory role of the beta subunit. The co-existence of both chaperonin systems in the same cellular compartment suggests the Methanosarcina species as useful model systems in studying the differential substrate specificity of the group I and II chaperonins and in elucidating how newly synthesized proteins are sorted from the ribosome to the proper chaperonin for folding.
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MESH Headings
- Adenosine Triphosphatases/chemistry
- Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Archaea
- Chaperonin 10/metabolism
- Chaperonin 60/metabolism
- Cloning, Molecular
- Cytosol/metabolism
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Escherichia coli/metabolism
- Hot Temperature
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Immunoblotting
- Light
- Magnesium/metabolism
- Methanosarcina/metabolism
- Microscopy, Electron
- Models, Genetic
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Precipitin Tests
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Protein Folding
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Ribosomes/metabolism
- Scattering, Radiation
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
- Thiosulfate Sulfurtransferase/chemistry
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Klunker
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18a, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
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49
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Abstract
Type I chaperonins play an essential role in the folding of newly translated and stress-denatured proteins in eubacteria, mitochondria and chloroplasts. Since their discovery, the bacterial chaperonins have provided an excellent model system for investigating the mechanism by which chaperonins mediate protein folding. Due to the high conservation of the primary sequence among Type I chaperonins, it is generally accepted that organellar chaperonins function similar to the bacterial ones. However, recent studies indicate that the chloroplast and mitochondrial chaperonins possess unique structural and functional properties that distinguish them from their bacterial homologs. This review focuses on the unique properties of organellar chaperonins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galit Levy-Rimler
- Department of Biochemistry, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69778, Tel Aviv, Israel
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50
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Hansen JJ, Dürr A, Cournu-Rebeix I, Georgopoulos C, Ang D, Nielsen MN, Davoine CS, Brice A, Fontaine B, Gregersen N, Bross P. Hereditary spastic paraplegia SPG13 is associated with a mutation in the gene encoding the mitochondrial chaperonin Hsp60. Am J Hum Genet 2002; 70:1328-32. [PMID: 11898127 PMCID: PMC447607 DOI: 10.1086/339935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2001] [Accepted: 01/29/2002] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
SPG13, an autosomal dominant form of pure hereditary spastic paraplegia, was recently mapped to chromosome 2q24-34 in a French family. Here we present genetic data indicating that SPG13 is associated with a mutation, in the gene encoding the human mitochondrial chaperonin Hsp60, that results in the V72I substitution. A complementation assay showed that wild-type HSP60 (also known as "HSPD1"), but not HSP60 (V72I), together with the co-chaperonin HSP10 (also known as "HSPE1"), can support growth of Escherichia coli cells in which the homologous chromosomal groESgroEL chaperonin genes have been deleted. Taken together, our data strongly indicate that the V72I variation is the first disease-causing mutation that has been identified in HSP60.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Jacob Hansen
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Århus University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Århus, Denmark; Fédération de Neurologie, INSERM U289, and Département de Génétique, Cytogénétique et Embryologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, and INSERM U546, Faculté de Médecine et Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; and Biochimie Médicale, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva
| | - Alexandra Dürr
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Århus University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Århus, Denmark; Fédération de Neurologie, INSERM U289, and Département de Génétique, Cytogénétique et Embryologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, and INSERM U546, Faculté de Médecine et Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; and Biochimie Médicale, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva
| | - Isabelle Cournu-Rebeix
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Århus University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Århus, Denmark; Fédération de Neurologie, INSERM U289, and Département de Génétique, Cytogénétique et Embryologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, and INSERM U546, Faculté de Médecine et Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; and Biochimie Médicale, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva
| | - Costa Georgopoulos
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Århus University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Århus, Denmark; Fédération de Neurologie, INSERM U289, and Département de Génétique, Cytogénétique et Embryologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, and INSERM U546, Faculté de Médecine et Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; and Biochimie Médicale, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva
| | - Debbie Ang
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Århus University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Århus, Denmark; Fédération de Neurologie, INSERM U289, and Département de Génétique, Cytogénétique et Embryologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, and INSERM U546, Faculté de Médecine et Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; and Biochimie Médicale, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva
| | - Marit Nyholm Nielsen
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Århus University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Århus, Denmark; Fédération de Neurologie, INSERM U289, and Département de Génétique, Cytogénétique et Embryologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, and INSERM U546, Faculté de Médecine et Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; and Biochimie Médicale, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva
| | - Claire-Sophie Davoine
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Århus University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Århus, Denmark; Fédération de Neurologie, INSERM U289, and Département de Génétique, Cytogénétique et Embryologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, and INSERM U546, Faculté de Médecine et Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; and Biochimie Médicale, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva
| | - Alexis Brice
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Århus University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Århus, Denmark; Fédération de Neurologie, INSERM U289, and Département de Génétique, Cytogénétique et Embryologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, and INSERM U546, Faculté de Médecine et Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; and Biochimie Médicale, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva
| | - Bertrand Fontaine
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Århus University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Århus, Denmark; Fédération de Neurologie, INSERM U289, and Département de Génétique, Cytogénétique et Embryologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, and INSERM U546, Faculté de Médecine et Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; and Biochimie Médicale, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva
| | - Niels Gregersen
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Århus University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Århus, Denmark; Fédération de Neurologie, INSERM U289, and Département de Génétique, Cytogénétique et Embryologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, and INSERM U546, Faculté de Médecine et Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; and Biochimie Médicale, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva
| | - Peter Bross
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Århus University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Århus, Denmark; Fédération de Neurologie, INSERM U289, and Département de Génétique, Cytogénétique et Embryologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, and INSERM U546, Faculté de Médecine et Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; and Biochimie Médicale, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva
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