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Hafiz MZ, Pan J, Gao Z, Huo Y, Wang H, Liu W, Yang J. Timosaponin AⅢ induces drug-metabolizing enzymes by activating constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) via dephosphorylation of EGFR signaling pathway. J Biomed Res 2024; 38:1-16. [PMID: 38817007 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.38.20240055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to assess the impact of Timosaponin AⅢ (T-AⅢ) on drug-metabolizing enzymes in anticancer treatment. In vivo experiments were conducted in nude mice and ICR mice. Following 24 days of T-AⅢ administration, nude mice exhibited induction of CYP2B10, MDR1, and CYP3A11 in the liver. In the liver of ICR mice, CYP2B10 and MDR1 were up-regulated after 3 days of T-AⅢ administration. In vitro assessments were conducted using HepG2 cells to ascertain the effects and underlying mechanisms. In HepG2 cells, T-AⅢ induced the expression of CYP2B6, MDR1, and CYP3A4, along with CAR activation. CAR siRNA reversed the T-AⅢ-induced increases in CYP2B6 and CYP3A4. Furthermore, other CAR target genes displayed significant up-regulation. Up-regulation of mCAR was observed in the livers of nude mice and ICR mice. Subsequent findings demonstrated that T-AⅢ activated CAR by inhibiting ERK1/2 phosphorylation, partially reversed by the MAPK/MEK activator t-BHQ. Inhibition of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway was also observed in vivo. Lastly, T-AⅢ inhibited the phosphorylation of EGFR at Tyr1173 and Tyr845, and it suppressed EGF-induced phosphorylation of EGFR, ERK, and CAR. Additionally, T-AⅢ inhibited EGFR phosphorylation in nude mice. Our results demonstrated that T-AⅢ is a novel CAR activator through inhibition of the EGFR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zubair Hafiz
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Zhiwei Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Ying Huo
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Haobin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
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2
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Lee J, Beers JL, Geffert RM, Jackson KD. A Review of CYP-Mediated Drug Interactions: Mechanisms and In Vitro Drug-Drug Interaction Assessment. Biomolecules 2024; 14:99. [PMID: 38254699 PMCID: PMC10813492 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug metabolism is a major determinant of drug concentrations in the body. Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) caused by the co-administration of multiple drugs can lead to alteration in the exposure of the victim drug, raising safety or effectiveness concerns. Assessment of the DDI potential starts with in vitro experiments to determine kinetic parameters and identify risks associated with the use of comedication that can inform future clinical studies. The diverse range of experimental models and techniques has significantly contributed to the examination of potential DDIs. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are responsible for the biotransformation of many drugs on the market, making them frequently implicated in drug metabolism and DDIs. Consequently, there has been a growing focus on the assessment of DDI risk for CYPs. This review article provides mechanistic insights underlying CYP inhibition/induction and an overview of the in vitro assessment of CYP-mediated DDIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghwa Lee
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (J.L.B.); (R.M.G.)
| | | | | | - Klarissa D. Jackson
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (J.L.B.); (R.M.G.)
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3
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Authement AK, Isoherranen N. The impact of pregnancy and associated hormones on the pharmacokinetics of Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2024; 20:73-93. [PMID: 38258511 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2024.2309213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION (-)-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the main psychoactive component of cannabis. Cannabis is the most widely used drug of abuse by pregnant individuals, but its maternal-fetal safety is still unclear. The changes in THC disposition during pregnancy may affect THC safety and pharmacology. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the current literature on THC metabolism and pharmacokinetics in humans. It provides an analysis of how hormonal changes during pregnancy may alter the expression of cannabinoid metabolizing enzymes and THC and its metabolite pharmacokinetics. THC is predominately (>70%) cleared by hepatic metabolism to its psychoactive active metabolite, 11-OH-THC by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 and to other metabolites (<30%) by CYP3A4. Other physiological processes that change during pregnancy and may alter cannabinoid disposition are also reviewed. EXPERT OPINION THC and its metabolites disposition likely change during pregnancy. Hepatic CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 are induced in pregnant individuals and in vitro by pregnancy hormones. This induction of CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 is predicted to lead to altered THC and 11-OH-THC disposition and pharmacodynamic effects. More in vitro studies of THC metabolism and induction of the enzymes metabolizing cannabinoids are necessary to improve the prediction of THC pharmacokinetics in pregnant individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora K Authement
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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4
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Zhang Q, Chen Y, Li J, Xia H, Tong Y, Liu Y. Recent Advances in Hepatic Metabolic Regulation by the Nuclear Factor Rev-erbɑ. Curr Drug Metab 2024; 25:2-12. [PMID: 38409696 DOI: 10.2174/0113892002290055240212074758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Rev-erbɑ (NR1D1) is a nuclear receptor superfamily member that plays a vital role in mammalian molecular clocks and metabolism. Rev-erbɑ can regulate the metabolism of drugs and the body's glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and adipogenesis. It is even one of the important regulatory factors regulating the occurrence of metabolic diseases (e.g., diabetes, fatty liver). Metabolic enzymes mediate most drug metabolic reactions in the body. Rev-erbɑ has been recognized to regulate drug metabolic enzymes (such as Cyp2b10 and Ugt1a9). Therefore, this paper mainly reviewed that Rev-erbɑ regulates I and II metabolic enzymes in the liver to affect drug pharmacokinetics. The expression of these drug metabolic enzymes (up-regulated or down-regulated) is related to drug exposure and effects/ toxicity. In addition, our discussion extends to Rev-erbɑ regulating some transporters (such as P-gp, Mrp2, and Bcrp), as they also play an essential role in drug metabolism. Finally, we briefly describe the role and mechanism of nuclear receptor Rev-erbɑ in lipid and glucose homeostasis, obesity, and metabolic disorders syndrome. In conclusion, this paper aims to understand better the role and mechanism of Rev-erbɑ in regulating drug metabolism, lipid, glucose homeostasis, obesity, and metabolic disorders syndrome, which explores how to target Rev-erbɑ to guide the design and development of new drugs and provide scientific reference for the molecular mechanism of new drug development, rational drug use, and drug interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yutong Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jingqi Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Haishan Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yongbin Tong
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yuyu Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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5
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Ho YS, Torres-Vergara P, Penny J. Regulation of the ATP-binding cassette transporters ABCB1, ABCG2 and ABCC5 by nuclear receptors in porcine blood-brain barrier endothelial cells. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:3092-3109. [PMID: 37476954 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Blood-brain barrier (BBB) ABCB1, ABCG2 and ABCC5 transporters influence central therapeutic drug distribution. Transporter expression is regulated by the NR3C1, NR1I3 and NR1I2 nuclear receptors, but their precise roles in brain are poorly understood. We investigated the effects of selective ligand-based activation of NR3C1, NR1I3, NR1I2 and NR2B1 in porcine brain endothelial cells (PBECs). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Primary cultures of PBECs were exposed to NR3C1, NR1I3 and NR1I2 ligands and ABCB1, ABCG2 and ABCC5 transporter activities determined by measuring intracellular accumulation of fluorescent probes. Western blotting was used to determine the effects of receptor ligands on expression of ABCB1, ABCG2, ABCC5, NR1I2, NR1I3, NR3C1 and NR2B1. Fluorescent immunocytochemistry was employed to assess the effects of receptor ligands on the cellular localisation of NR1I2 and NR1I3. KEY RESULTS The NR1I2 agonist rifampicin significantly up-regulated ABCG2 activity, which is counteracted by co-treatment with NR1I2 antagonist l-sulforaphane. The NR1I3 agonist 6-(4-chlorophenyl)-imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole-5-carbaldehyde and inverse agonist meclizine significantly down-regulated ABCB1, ABCG2 and ABCC5 activity. NR3C1 agonist dexamethasone significantly increased ABCB1, ABCG2 and ABCC5 activity and ABCG2 and ABCC5 protein expression, which was counteracted by co-treatment with the NR3C1 antagonist mifepristone. This first study demonstrates that NR1I3 and NR3C1 regulate ABCC5 activity and protein expression in BBB endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS In PBECs, expression of key ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and nuclear receptors is differentially regulated by NR1I3, NR1I2, NR3C1 and NR2B1. This will help to better understand the response of the BBB to physiological and pharmacological activation of nuclear receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Siong Ho
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Pablo Torres-Vergara
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Jeffrey Penny
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Li S. Modulation of immunity by tryptophan microbial metabolites. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1209613. [PMID: 37521424 PMCID: PMC10382180 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1209613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid that can be metabolized via endogenous and exogenous pathways, including the Kynurenine Pathway, the 5-Hydroxyindole Pathway (also the Serotonin pathway), and the Microbial pathway. Of these, the Microbial Trp metabolic pathways in the gut have recently been extensively studied for their production of bioactive molecules. The gut microbiota plays an important role in host metabolism and immunity, and microbial Trp metabolites can influence the development and progression of various diseases, including inflammatory, cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, metabolic diseases, and cancer, by mediating the body's immunity. This review briefly outlines the crosstalk between gut microorganisms and Trp metabolism in the body, starting from the three metabolic pathways of Trp. The mechanisms by which microbial Trp metabolites act on organism immunity are summarized, and the potential implications for disease prevention and treatment are highlighted.
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Iversen DB, Andersen NE, Dalgård Dunvald A, Pottegård A, Stage TB. Drug metabolism and drug transport of the 100 most prescribed oral drugs. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 131:311-324. [PMID: 35972991 PMCID: PMC9804310 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Safe and effective use of drugs requires an understanding of metabolism and transport. We identified the 100 most prescribed drugs in six countries and conducted a literature search on in vitro data to assess contribution of Phase I and II enzymes and drug transporters to metabolism and transport. Eighty-nine of the 100 drugs undergo drug metabolism or are known substrates for drug transporters. Phase I enzymes are involved in metabolism of 67 drugs, while Phase II enzymes mediate metabolism of 18 drugs. CYP3A4/5 is the most important Phase I enzyme involved in metabolism of 43 drugs followed by CYP2D6 (23 drugs), CYP2C9 (23 drugs), CYP2C19 (22 drugs), CYP1A2 (14 drugs) and CYP2C8 (11 drugs). More than half of the drugs (54 drugs) are known substrates for drug transporters. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to be involved in transport of 30 drugs, while breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) facilitates transport of 11 drugs. A considerable proportion of drugs are subject to a combination of Phase I metabolism, Phase II metabolism and/or drug transport. We conclude that the majority of the most frequently prescribed drugs depend on drug metabolism or drug transport. Thus, understanding variability of drug metabolism and transport remains a priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ditte B. Iversen
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public HealthUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Nanna Elman Andersen
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public HealthUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Ann‐Cathrine Dalgård Dunvald
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public HealthUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Anton Pottegård
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public HealthUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Tore B. Stage
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public HealthUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
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8
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Kim SD, Morgan L, Hargreaves E, Zhang X, Jiang Z, Antenos M, Li B, Kirby GM. Regulation of Cytochrome P450 2a5 by Artemisia capillaris and 6,7-Dimethylesculetin in Mouse Hepatocytes. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:730416. [PMID: 34880749 PMCID: PMC8645941 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.730416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Jaundice is a potentially fatal condition resulting from elevated serum bilirubin levels. For centuries, herbal remedies containing Artemisia capillaris Thunb. including the compound 6,7-dimethylesculetin (DE) have been used in Asia to prevent and treat jaundice in neonates. DE activates an important regulator of bilirubin metabolism, the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), and increases bilirubin clearance. In addition, murine cytochrome P450 2a5 (Cyp2a5) is known to be involved in the oxidative metabolism of bilirubin. Moreover, treatment of mice with phenobarbital, a known inducer of both CAR and Cyp2a5, increases expression of Cyp2a5 suggesting a potential relationship between CAR and Cyp2a5 expression. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of Artemisia capillaris and DE on the expression and regulatory control of Cyp2a5 and the potential involvement of CAR. Treatment of mouse hepatocytes in primary culture with DE (50 μM) significant increased Cyp2a5 mRNA and protein levels. In mice, Artemisia capillaris and DE treatment also increased levels of hepatic Cyp2a5 protein. Luciferase reporter assays showed that CAR increases Cyp2a5 gene transcription through a CAR response element in the Cyp2a5 gene promoter. Moreover, DE caused nuclear translocation of CAR in primary mouse hepatocytes and increased Cyp2a5 transcription in the presence of CAR. These results identify a potential CAR-mediated mechanism by which DE regulates Cyp2a5 gene expression and suggests that DE may enhance bilirubin clearance by increasing Cyp2a5 levels. Understanding this process could provide an opportunity for the development of novel therapies for neonatal and other forms of jaundice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangsoo Daniel Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Larry Morgan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Elyse Hargreaves
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.,Chinese-German Joint Institute for Natural Product Research, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Zhihui Jiang
- He'nan Joint International Research Laboratory of Veterinary Biologics Research and Application, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Monica Antenos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Ben Li
- Chinese-German Joint Institute for Natural Product Research, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Gordon M Kirby
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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9
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Fekete F, Mangó K, Déri M, Incze E, Minus A, Monostory K. Impact of genetic and non-genetic factors on hepatic CYP2C9 expression and activity in Hungarian subjects. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17081. [PMID: 34429480 PMCID: PMC8384867 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96590-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CYP2C9, one of the most abundant hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes, is involved in metabolism of 15–20% of clinically important drugs (warfarin, sulfonylureas, phenytoin, non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs). To avoid adverse events and/or impaired drug-response, CYP2C9 pharmacogenetic testing is recommended. The impact of CYP2C9 polymorphic alleles (CYP2C9*2, CYP2C9*3) and phenoconverting non-genetic factors on CYP2C9 function and expression was investigated in liver tissues from Caucasian subjects (N = 164). The presence of CYP2C9*3 allele was associated with CYP2C9 functional impairment, and CYP2C9*2 influenced tolbutamide 4′-hydroxylase activity only in subjects with two polymorphic alleles, whereas the contribution of CYP2C8*3 was not confirmed. In addition to CYP2C9 genetic polymorphisms, non-genetic factors (co-medication with CYP2C9-specific inhibitors/inducers and non-specific factors including amoxicillin + clavulanic acid therapy or chronic alcohol consumption) contributed to the prediction of hepatic CYP2C9 activity; however, a CYP2C9 genotype–phenotype mismatch still existed in 32.6% of the subjects. Substantial variability in CYP2C9 mRNA levels, irrespective of CYP2C9 genotype, was demonstrated; however, CYP2C9 induction and non-specific non-genetic factors potentially resulting in liver injury appeared to modify CYP2C9 expression. In conclusion, complex implementation of CYP2C9 genotype and non-genetic factors for the most accurate estimation of hepatic CYP2C9 activity may improve efficiency and safety of medication with CYP2C9 substrate drugs in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Fekete
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Katalin Mangó
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Máté Déri
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Evelyn Incze
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Annamária Minus
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Katalin Monostory
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
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10
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CYP2C9 inhibits the invasion and migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via downregulation of HDAC. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:2011-2020. [PMID: 33515198 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04050-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) is involved in the metabolism of cancer drugs and exogenous carcinogens. In our study, CYP2C9 was downregulated in multiple cohorts of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Until now, its role and epigenetic regulation of CYP2C9 repression in ESCC remain poorly understood. CYP2C9 repression in collected ESCC patient tumor tissues was demonstrated by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The histone acetylation level was carried out by the treatment of histone deacetylase inhibitor TSA and RNA interference. Epigenetic analysis revealed that the increased expression of CYP2C9 in KYSE-150 and TE1 cells was characterized by inhibition of HDAC8 and HDAC1, respectively. TSA decreased the levels of HDAC occupancy around CYP2C9 promoter region greatly. Overexpression of CYP2C9 reduced the invasion and migration of ESCC cells.
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11
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Hakkola J, Hukkanen J, Turpeinen M, Pelkonen O. Inhibition and induction of CYP enzymes in humans: an update. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:3671-3722. [PMID: 33111191 PMCID: PMC7603454 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02936-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme family is the most important enzyme system catalyzing the phase 1 metabolism of pharmaceuticals and other xenobiotics such as herbal remedies and toxic compounds in the environment. The inhibition and induction of CYPs are major mechanisms causing pharmacokinetic drug–drug interactions. This review presents a comprehensive update on the inhibitors and inducers of the specific CYP enzymes in humans. The focus is on the more recent human in vitro and in vivo findings since the publication of our previous review on this topic in 2008. In addition to the general presentation of inhibitory drugs and inducers of human CYP enzymes by drugs, herbal remedies, and toxic compounds, an in-depth view on tyrosine-kinase inhibitors and antiretroviral HIV medications as victims and perpetrators of drug–drug interactions is provided as examples of the current trends in the field. Also, a concise overview of the mechanisms of CYP induction is presented to aid the understanding of the induction phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jukka Hakkola
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, POB 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Janne Hukkanen
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Miia Turpeinen
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, POB 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.,Administration Center, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Olavi Pelkonen
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, POB 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
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12
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Yang Y, Liu X. Imbalance of Drug Transporter-CYP450s Interplay by Diabetes and Its Clinical Significance. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E348. [PMID: 32290519 PMCID: PMC7238081 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12040348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of a drug is dependent upon the coordinate work of influx transporters, enzymes and efflux transporters (i.e., transporter-enzyme interplay). The transporter-enzyme interplay may occur in liver, kidney and intestine. The influx transporters involving drug transport are organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs), peptide transporters (PepTs), organic anion transporters (OATs), monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) and organic cation transporters (OCTs). The efflux transporters are P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug/toxin extrusions (MATEs), multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). The enzymes related to drug metabolism are mainly cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450s) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs). Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that diabetes alters the expression and functions of CYP450s and transporters in a different manner, disordering the transporter-enzyme interplay, in turn affecting the pharmacokinetics of some drugs. We aimed to focus on (1) the imbalance of transporter-CYP450 interplay in the liver, intestine and kidney due to altered expressions of influx transporters (OATPs, OCTs, OATs, PepTs and MCT6), efflux transporters (P-gp, BCRP and MRP2) and CYP450s (CYP3As, CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP2Cs) under diabetic status; (2) the net contributions of these alterations in the expression and functions of transporters and CYP450s to drug disposition, therapeutic efficacy and drug toxicity; (3) application of a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model in transporter-enzyme interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;
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13
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Xenobiotica-metabolizing enzymes in the lung of experimental animals, man and in human lung models. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:3419-3489. [PMID: 31673725 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02602-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The xenobiotic metabolism in the lung, an organ of first entry of xenobiotics into the organism, is crucial for inhaled compounds entering this organ intentionally (e.g. drugs) and unintentionally (e.g. work place and environmental compounds). Additionally, local metabolism by enzymes preferentially or exclusively occurring in the lung is important for favorable or toxic effects of xenobiotics entering the organism also by routes other than by inhalation. The data collected in this review show that generally activities of cytochromes P450 are low in the lung of all investigated species and in vitro models. Other oxidoreductases may turn out to be more important, but are largely not investigated. Phase II enzymes are generally much higher with the exception of UGT glucuronosyltransferases which are generally very low. Insofar as data are available the xenobiotic metabolism in the lung of monkeys comes closed to that in the human lung; however, very few data are available for this comparison. Second best rate the mouse and rat lung, followed by the rabbit. Of the human in vitro model primary cells in culture, such as alveolar macrophages and alveolar type II cells as well as the A549 cell line appear quite acceptable. However, (1) this generalization represents a temporary oversimplification born from the lack of more comparable data; (2) the relative suitability of individual species/models is different for different enzymes; (3) when more data become available, the conclusions derived from these comparisons quite possibly may change.
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Swart M, Dandara C. MicroRNA Mediated Changes in Drug Metabolism and Target Gene Expression by Efavirenz and Rifampicin In Vitro: Clinical Implications. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2019; 23:496-507. [PMID: 31526233 PMCID: PMC6806364 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2019.0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Efavirenz (EFV) and rifampicin (RMP) are widely prescribed in Africa for treatment of HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis epidemics. Exposure to medicines can alter drug metabolism, for example, through changes in expression of microRNAs. We report, in this study, novel observations on the ways in which EFV and RMP change microRNA expression signatures in vitro in HepaRG cells. Additionally, we discuss the clinical implications of changes in expression of drug-metabolizing enzyme genes, such as CYP3A4, CYP3A5, UGT1A1, CYP2B6, and NR1I3. Differentiated HepaRG cells were treated with EFV (6.4 μM) or RMP (24.4 μM) for 24 h. Treatment of HepaRG cells with EFV resulted in a significant increase in messenger RNA (mRNA) expression for CYP3A4 (12.51-fold, p = 0.002), CYP3A5 (2.10-fold, p = 0.019), and UGT1A1 (2.52-fold, p = 0.005), whereas NR1I3 expression decreased (0.41-fold, p = 0.02). On the other hand, treatment of HepaRG cells with RMP resulted in a significant increase in mRNA expression for CYP2B6 (6.68-fold, p = 0.007) and CYP3A4 (111.96-fold, p = 0.001), whereas NR1I3 expression decreased (0.46-fold, p = 0.033). These data point to several important clinical implications through changes in drug/drug interaction risks and achieving optimal therapeutics. All in all, this study shows that differential expression of microRNAs after treatment with EFV and RMP adds another layer of complexity that should be incorporated in pharmacogenomic algorithms to render drug response more predictable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marelize Swart
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Collet Dandara
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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15
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Duszka K, Wahli W. Enteric Microbiota⁻Gut⁻Brain Axis from the Perspective of Nuclear Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082210. [PMID: 30060580 PMCID: PMC6121494 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs) play a key role in regulating virtually all body functions, thus maintaining a healthy operating body with all its complex systems. Recently, gut microbiota emerged as major factor contributing to the health of the whole organism. Enteric bacteria have multiple ways to influence their host and several of them involve communication with the brain. Mounting evidence of cooperation between gut flora and NRs is already available. However, the full potential of the microbiota interconnection with NRs remains to be uncovered. Herewith, we present the current state of knowledge on the multifaceted roles of NRs in the enteric microbiota–gut–brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalina Duszka
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Walter Wahli
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore.
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Génopode, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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16
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Soo JY, Wiese MD, Berry MJ, Morrison JL. Does poor fetal growth influence the extent of fetal exposure to maternal medications? Pharmacol Res 2018; 130:74-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Choi YJ, Zhou D, Barbosa ACS, Niu Y, Guan X, Xu M, Ren S, Nolin TD, Liu Y, Xie W. Activation of Constitutive Androstane Receptor Ameliorates Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Kidney and Liver Injury. Mol Pharmacol 2018; 93:239-250. [PMID: 29351922 PMCID: PMC5801556 DOI: 10.1124/mol.117.111146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associate with high mortality. Despite evidence of AKI-induced distant organ injury, a relationship between AKI and liver injury has not been clearly established. The goal of this study is to investigate whether renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) can affect liver pathophysiology. We showed that renal IR in mice induced fatty liver and compromised liver function through the downregulation of constitutive androstane receptor (CAR; -90.4%) and inhibition of hepatic very-low-density lipoprotein triglyceride (VLDL-TG) secretion (-28.4%). Treatment of mice with the CAR agonist 1,4-bis[2-(3,5 dichloropyridyloxy)] benzene (TCPOBOP) prevented the development of AKI-induced fatty liver and liver injury, which was associated with the attenuation of AKI-induced inhibition of VLDL-TG secretion. The hepatoprotective effect of TCPOBOP was abolished in CAR-/- mice. Interestingly, alleviation of fatty liver by TCPOBOP also improved the kidney function, whereas CAR ablation sensitized mice to AKI-induced kidney injury and lethality. The serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) were elevated by 27-fold after renal IR, but were normalized in TCPOBOP-treated AKI mice, suggesting that the increased release of IL-6 from the kidney may have mediated the AKI responsive liver injury. Taken together, our results revealed an interesting kidney-liver organ cross-talk in response to AKI. Given the importance of CAR in the pathogenesis of renal IR-induced fatty liver and impaired kidney function, fatty liver can be considered as an important risk factor for kidney injury, and a timely management of hepatic steatosis by CAR activation may help to restore kidney function in patients with AKI or kidney transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Jin Choi
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-J.C., A.C.S.B., Y.N, M.X., S.R., W.X.), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine (D.Z., Y.L.), Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (W.X.), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China (Y.N.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (X.G.)
| | - Dong Zhou
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-J.C., A.C.S.B., Y.N, M.X., S.R., W.X.), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine (D.Z., Y.L.), Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (W.X.), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China (Y.N.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (X.G.)
| | - Anne Caroline S Barbosa
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-J.C., A.C.S.B., Y.N, M.X., S.R., W.X.), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine (D.Z., Y.L.), Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (W.X.), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China (Y.N.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (X.G.)
| | - Yongdong Niu
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-J.C., A.C.S.B., Y.N, M.X., S.R., W.X.), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine (D.Z., Y.L.), Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (W.X.), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China (Y.N.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (X.G.)
| | - Xiudong Guan
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-J.C., A.C.S.B., Y.N, M.X., S.R., W.X.), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine (D.Z., Y.L.), Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (W.X.), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China (Y.N.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (X.G.)
| | - Meishu Xu
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-J.C., A.C.S.B., Y.N, M.X., S.R., W.X.), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine (D.Z., Y.L.), Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (W.X.), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China (Y.N.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (X.G.)
| | - Songrong Ren
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-J.C., A.C.S.B., Y.N, M.X., S.R., W.X.), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine (D.Z., Y.L.), Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (W.X.), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China (Y.N.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (X.G.)
| | - Thomas D Nolin
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-J.C., A.C.S.B., Y.N, M.X., S.R., W.X.), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine (D.Z., Y.L.), Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (W.X.), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China (Y.N.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (X.G.)
| | - Youhua Liu
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-J.C., A.C.S.B., Y.N, M.X., S.R., W.X.), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine (D.Z., Y.L.), Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (W.X.), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China (Y.N.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (X.G.)
| | - Wen Xie
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-J.C., A.C.S.B., Y.N, M.X., S.R., W.X.), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine (D.Z., Y.L.), Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy (T.D.N), and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology (W.X.), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China (Y.N.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (X.G.)
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18
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Weiß F, Hammer HS, Klein K, Planatscher H, Zanger UM, Norén A, Wegler C, Artursson P, Joos TO, Poetz O. Direct Quantification of Cytochromes P450 and Drug Transporters—A Rapid, Targeted Mass Spectrometry-Based Immunoassay Panel for Tissues and Cell Culture Lysates. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:387-396. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.117.078626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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19
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Daly AK, Rettie AE, Fowler DM, Miners JO. Pharmacogenomics of CYP2C9: Functional and Clinical Considerations. J Pers Med 2017; 8:E1. [PMID: 29283396 PMCID: PMC5872075 DOI: 10.3390/jpm8010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CYP2C9 is the most abundant CYP2C subfamily enzyme in human liver and the most important contributor from this subfamily to drug metabolism. Polymorphisms resulting in decreased enzyme activity are common in the CYP2C9 gene and this, combined with narrow therapeutic indices for several key drug substrates, results in some important issues relating to drug safety and efficacy. CYP2C9 substrate selectivity is detailed and, based on crystal structures for the enzyme, we describe how CYP2C9 catalyzes these reactions. Factors relevant to clinical response to CYP2C9 substrates including inhibition, induction and genetic polymorphism are discussed in detail. In particular, we consider the issue of ethnic variation in pattern and frequency of genetic polymorphisms and clinical implications. Warfarin is the most well studied CYP2C9 substrate; recent work on use of dosing algorithms that include CYP2C9 genotype to improve patient safety during initiation of warfarin dosing are reviewed and prospects for their clinical implementation considered. Finally, we discuss a novel approach to cataloging the functional capabilities of rare 'variants of uncertain significance', which are increasingly detected as more exome and genome sequencing of diverse populations is conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann K Daly
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Allan E Rettie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Douglas M Fowler
- Department of Genome Sciences and Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - John O Miners
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders University School of Medicine, Adelaide 5042, Australia.
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20
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Soo JY, Orgeig S, McGillick EV, Zhang S, McMillen IC, Morrison JL. Normalisation of surfactant protein -A and -B expression in the lungs of low birth weight lambs by 21 days old. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181185. [PMID: 28949968 PMCID: PMC5614422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) induced by placental restriction (PR) in the sheep negatively impacts lung and pulmonary surfactant development during fetal life. Using a sheep model of low birth weight (LBW), we found that there was an increase in mRNA expression of surfactant protein (SP)-A, -B and -C in the lung of LBW lambs but no difference in the protein expression of SP-A or -B. LBW also resulted in increased lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein (LAMP)-3 mRNA expression, which may indicate an increase in either the density of type II Alveolar epithelial cells (AEC) or maturity of type II AECs. Although there was an increase in glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βHSD)-1 mRNA expression in the lung of LBW lambs, we found no change in the protein expression of these factors, suggesting that the increase in SP mRNA expression is not mediated by increased GC signalling in the lung. The increase in SP mRNA expression may, in part, be mediated by persistent alterations in hypoxia signalling as there was an increase in lung HIF-2α mRNA expression in the LBW lamb. The changes in the hypoxia signalling pathway that persist within the lung after birth may be involved in maintaining SP production in the LBW lamb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yin Soo
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sandra Orgeig
- Molecular & Evolutionary Physiology of the Lung Laboratory, School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Erin Victoria McGillick
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Molecular & Evolutionary Physiology of the Lung Laboratory, School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Song Zhang
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - I Caroline McMillen
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Janna L. Morrison
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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21
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Martínez-Quintana E, Rodríguez-González F, Medina-Gil JM, Garay-Sánchez P, Tugores A. Actividad de CYP2C19 y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo. Med Clin (Barc) 2017; 149:235-239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2017.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Li X, DuBois DC, Song D, Almon RR, Jusko WJ, Chen X. Modeling Combined Immunosuppressive and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Dexamethasone and Naproxen in Rats Predicts the Steroid-Sparing Potential of Naproxen. Drug Metab Dispos 2017; 45:834-845. [PMID: 28416614 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.117.075614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dexamethasone (DEX), a widely prescribed corticosteroid, has long been the cornerstone of the treatment of inflammation and immunologic dysfunctions in rheumatoid arthritis. Corticosteroids are frequently used in combination with other antirheumatic agents such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs to mitigate disease symptoms and minimize unwanted effects. We explored the steroid dose-sparing potential of the NSAID naproxen (NPX) with in vitro and in vivo studies. The single and joint suppressive effects of DEX and NPX on the in vitro mitogen-induced proliferation of T lymphocytes in blood and their anti-inflammatory actions on paw edema were investigated in female and male Lewis rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). As expected, DEX was far more potent than NPX in these systems. Mathematical models incorporating an interaction term ψ were applied to quantitatively assess the nature and intensity of pharmacodynamic interactions between DEX and NPX. Modest synergistic effects of the two drugs were found in suppressing the mitogenic response of T lymphocytes. A pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic/disease progression model integrating dual drug inhibition quantitatively described the pharmacokinetics, time-course of single and joint anti-inflammatory effects (paw edema), and sex differences in CIA rats, and indicated additive effects of DEX and NPX. Further model simulations demonstrated the promising steroid-sparing potential of NPX in CIA rats, with the beneficial effects of the combination therapy more likely in males than females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Li
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China (X.L., X.C.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (X.L., D.C.D., D.S., R.R.A., W.J.J.), and Department of Biological Sciences (D.C.D., R.R.A.), State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Debra C DuBois
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China (X.L., X.C.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (X.L., D.C.D., D.S., R.R.A., W.J.J.), and Department of Biological Sciences (D.C.D., R.R.A.), State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Dawei Song
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China (X.L., X.C.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (X.L., D.C.D., D.S., R.R.A., W.J.J.), and Department of Biological Sciences (D.C.D., R.R.A.), State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Richard R Almon
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China (X.L., X.C.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (X.L., D.C.D., D.S., R.R.A., W.J.J.), and Department of Biological Sciences (D.C.D., R.R.A.), State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - William J Jusko
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China (X.L., X.C.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (X.L., D.C.D., D.S., R.R.A., W.J.J.), and Department of Biological Sciences (D.C.D., R.R.A.), State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Xijing Chen
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China (X.L., X.C.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (X.L., D.C.D., D.S., R.R.A., W.J.J.), and Department of Biological Sciences (D.C.D., R.R.A.), State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
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23
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Gulliver LSM. Xenobiotics and the Glucocorticoid Receptor. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 319:69-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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24
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Xu JY, Wu L, Shi Z, Zhang XJ, Englert NA, Zhang SY. Upregulation of human CYP2C9 expression by Bisphenol A via estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and Med25. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:970-978. [PMID: 27273787 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an important industrial chemical, mainly used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins. Due to its widespread use, humans have a high risk of exposure to BPA. BPA has been found to have adverse health effects such as interfering with hormone-related pathways and is well-known to act as an endocrine disruptor. The present study is the first to show the induction effect of BPA on gene expression and enzyme activity of CYP2C9, an important hepatic drug metabolizing enzyme in human. We further identify the mechanism of BPA upregulation of CYP2C9 expression. We show that BPA is able to transcriptionally activate CYP2C9 promoter through ERα and ERE site within the CYP2C9 promoter region in HepG2 cells, and can induce CYP2C9 gene expression and enzyme activity in human primary hepatocytes. Moreover, we demonstrate that Med25, a variable member of the Mediator complex, is a coactivator of ligand-activated ERα that interacts with ERα through its C-terminal LXXLL motif after BPA exposure, and is functionally involved in BPA-induced transcriptional regulation of CYP2C9 expression and enzyme activity. Our findings suggest that BPA exposure has a potential risk for adverse health effects in human liver metabolism by upregulation of CYP2C9 expression. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 970-978, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Xu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Zhe Shi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jie Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Neal A Englert
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Shu-Yun Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
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25
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Li X, Yan Z, Wu Q, Sun X, Li F, Zhang S, Li K, Li L, Wu J, Xu L, Feng J, Ning W, Liu Z, Chen H. Glucocorticoid receptor contributes to the altered expression of hepatic cytochrome P450 upon cigarette smoking. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:5271-5280. [PMID: 27840998 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking has been shown to cause pathological alterations in the liver. However, how hepatic metabolism is altered during cigarette smoking‑induced inflammation remains to be fully elucidated. In the present study, a rat model of smoking was established to examine the effects of cigarette smoking on inflammation, autophagy activity, and the expression of nuclear receptor and CYP in the liver. Elevated expression of interleukin 1β and activation of autophagy in the liver were observed upon smoking exposure in rats. Cigarette smoking induced a significant reduction in the mRNA expression levels of cytochromes, including cytochrome P450 (Cyp)1A2, Cyp2D4 and Cyp3A2. Accordingly, a decrease was also observed in glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a regulator of the expression of Cyp. Activation of the GR signal in human hepatic LO2 cells did not affect autophagic genes, however, it led to the upregulation of hCYP1A2, hCYP2C19 and hCYP3A4, and the downregulation of hCYP2C9. The GR antagonist, RU486, eliminated this effect, suggesting the importance of GR in liver metabolism upon cigarette smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Department of Basic Medicine Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Zhongfang Yan
- Department of Basic Medicine Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Basic Medicine Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Basic Medicine Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Basic Medicine Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Subei Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Kuan Li
- Department of Basic Medicine Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Respiratory, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Junping Wu
- Department of Respiratory, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Long Xu
- Department of Basic Medicine Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Respiratory, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 30005, P.R. China
| | - Wen Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Zhixue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate School of The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Huaiyong Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
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26
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Zhong S, Han W, Hou C, Liu J, Wu L, Liu M, Liang Z, Lin H, Zhou L, Liu S, Tang L. Relation of Transcriptional Factors to the Expression and Activity of Cytochrome P450 and UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases 1A in Human Liver: Co-Expression Network Analysis. AAPS JOURNAL 2016; 19:203-214. [PMID: 27681103 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-016-9990-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYPs) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) play important roles in the metabolism of exogenous and endogenous compounds. The gene transcription of CYPs and UGTs can be enhanced or reduced by transcription factors (TFs). This study aims to explore novel TFs involved in the regulatory network of human hepatic UGTs/CYPs. Correlations between the transcription levels of 683 key TFs and CYPs/UGTs in three different human liver expression profiles (n = 640) were calculated first. Supervised weighted correlation network analysis (sWGCNA) was employed to define hub genes among the selected TFs. The relationship among 17 defined TFs, CYPs/UGTs expression, and activity were evaluated in 30 liver samples from Chinese patients. The positive controls (e.g., PPARA, NR1I2, NR1I3) and hub TFs (NFIA, NR3C2, and AR) in the GreysWGCNA Module were significantly and positively associated with CYPs/UGTs expression. And the cancer- or inflammation-related TFs (TEAD4, NFKB2, and NFKB1) were negatively associated with mRNA expression of CYP2C9/CYP2E1/UGT1A9. Furthermore, the effect of NR1I2, NR1I3, AR, TEAD4, and NFKB2 on CYP450/UGT1A gene transcription translated into moderate influences on enzyme activities. To our knowledge, this is the first study to integrate Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets and supervised weighted correlation network analysis (sWGCNA) for defining TFs potentially related to CYPs/UGTs. We detected several novel TFs involved in the regulatory network of hepatic CYPs and UGTs in humans. Further validation and investigation may reveal their exact mechanism of CYPs/UGTs regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Weichao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chuqi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Junjin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lili Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Menghua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Haoming Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Lan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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27
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Backman JT, Filppula AM, Niemi M, Neuvonen PJ. Role of Cytochrome P450 2C8 in Drug Metabolism and Interactions. Pharmacol Rev 2016; 68:168-241. [PMID: 26721703 DOI: 10.1124/pr.115.011411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last 10-15 years, cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C8 has emerged as an important drug-metabolizing enzyme. CYP2C8 is highly expressed in human liver and is known to metabolize more than 100 drugs. CYP2C8 substrate drugs include amodiaquine, cerivastatin, dasabuvir, enzalutamide, imatinib, loperamide, montelukast, paclitaxel, pioglitazone, repaglinide, and rosiglitazone, and the number is increasing. Similarly, many drugs have been identified as CYP2C8 inhibitors or inducers. In vivo, already a small dose of gemfibrozil, i.e., 10% of its therapeutic dose, is a strong, irreversible inhibitor of CYP2C8. Interestingly, recent findings indicate that the acyl-β-glucuronides of gemfibrozil and clopidogrel cause metabolism-dependent inactivation of CYP2C8, leading to a strong potential for drug interactions. Also several other glucuronide metabolites interact with CYP2C8 as substrates or inhibitors, suggesting that an interplay between CYP2C8 and glucuronides is common. Lack of fully selective and safe probe substrates, inhibitors, and inducers challenges execution and interpretation of drug-drug interaction studies in humans. Apart from drug-drug interactions, some CYP2C8 genetic variants are associated with altered CYP2C8 activity and exhibit significant interethnic frequency differences. Herein, we review the current knowledge on substrates, inhibitors, inducers, and pharmacogenetics of CYP2C8, as well as its role in clinically relevant drug interactions. In addition, implications for selection of CYP2C8 marker and perpetrator drugs to investigate CYP2C8-mediated drug metabolism and interactions in preclinical and clinical studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne T Backman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki (J.T.B., A.M.F., M.N., P.J.N.), and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (J.T.B., M.N., P.J.N.)
| | - Anne M Filppula
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki (J.T.B., A.M.F., M.N., P.J.N.), and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (J.T.B., M.N., P.J.N.)
| | - Mikko Niemi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki (J.T.B., A.M.F., M.N., P.J.N.), and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (J.T.B., M.N., P.J.N.)
| | - Pertti J Neuvonen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki (J.T.B., A.M.F., M.N., P.J.N.), and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (J.T.B., M.N., P.J.N.)
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28
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Galichon P, Bataille A, Vandermeersch S, Wetzstein M, Xu-Dubois YC, Legouis D, Hertig A, Buob D, Placier S, Bigé N, Lefevre G, Jouanneau C, Martin C, Iovanna JL, Rondeau E. Stress Response Gene Nupr1 Alleviates Cyclosporin A Nephrotoxicity In Vivo. J Am Soc Nephrol 2016; 28:545-556. [PMID: 27451286 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015080936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute tubular damage is a major cause of renal failure, especially at the early phase of kidney transplant when ischemia-reperfusion injury and cyclosporin A toxicity may coexist. The mechanisms of the latter are largely unknown. Using an mRNA microarray on microdissected tubules from a rat model of cyclosporin A toxicity to describe the related epithelial-specific transcriptional signature in vivo, we found that cyclosporin A induces pathways dependent on the transcription factor ATF4 and identified nuclear protein transcriptional regulator 1 (Nupr1), a stress response gene induced by ATF4, as the gene most strongly upregulated. Upon cyclosporin A treatment, Nupr1-deficient mice exhibited worse renal tubular lesions than wild-type mice. In primary cultures treated with cyclosporin A, renal tubular cells isolated from Nupr1-deficient mice exhibited more apoptosis and ATP depletion than cells from wild-type mice. Furthermore, cyclosporin A decreased protein synthesis and abolished proliferation in wild-type tubular cells, but only reduced proliferation in Nupr1-deficient cells. Compared with controls, mouse models of ischemia-reperfusion injury, urinary obstruction, and hypertension exhibited upregulated expression of renal NUPR1, and cyclosporin A induced Nupr1 expression in cultured human tubular epithelial cells. Finally, immunohistochemical analysis revealed strong expression of NUPR1 in the nuclei of renal proximal tubules of injured human kidney allografts, but not in those of stable allografts. Taken together, these results suggest that epithelial expression of NUPR1 has a protective role in response to injury after renal transplant and, presumably, in other forms of acute tubular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Galichon
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Pierre et Marie Curie University - University Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France; .,Departments of Renal Intensive Care and Transplantation.,Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - Aurélien Bataille
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - Sophie Vandermeersch
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - Morgane Wetzstein
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - Yi-Chun Xu-Dubois
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - David Legouis
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - Alexandre Hertig
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Pierre et Marie Curie University - University Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Departments of Renal Intensive Care and Transplantation.,Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - David Buob
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Pierre et Marie Curie University - University Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and.,Pathology, and
| | - Sandrine Placier
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - Naïke Bigé
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - Guillaume Lefevre
- Biochemistry, Tenon Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Chantal Jouanneau
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - Caroline Martin
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - Juan Lucio Iovanna
- Unit 1068, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Rondeau
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Pierre et Marie Curie University - University Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Departments of Renal Intensive Care and Transplantation.,Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
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29
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Environmental pollutants parathion, paraquat and bisphenol A show distinct effects towards nuclear receptors-mediated induction of xenobiotics-metabolizing cytochromes P450 in human hepatocytes. Toxicol Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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30
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Zazuli Z, Barliana MI, Mulyani UA, Perwitasari DA, Ng H, Abdulah R. Polymorphism of PXR gene associated with the increased risk of drug-induced liver injury in Indonesian pulmonary tuberculosis patients. J Clin Pharm Ther 2015; 40:680-4. [PMID: 26417664 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Tuberculosis is still a major infectious disease in Indonesia. Patients are treated mostly using fixed-dose combination treatment in primary public health facilities. The incidence of antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury (AT-DILI) is approximately 10% among Indonesian tuberculosis patients who used standard fixed combination regimens during the intensive phase of treatment. However, information regarding genetic polymorphism associated with the increase risk of drug-induced liver injury is still limited. The aim of this study was to investigate pregnane X receptor (PXR) gene polymorphisms as one of the risk factors of AT-DILI. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, we recruited 106 adult patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and treated with category I FDC (fixed-dose combination). The identification of SNP -25385C>T (rs3814055) was conducted by ARMS (amplification refractory mutation system). Hepatotoxicity was defined as ALT and/or AST levels above the normal threshold on the second, fourth and sixth months of monitoring during tuberculosis treatment. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The logistic regression analysis showed that patients with the TT genotype of PXR gene (rs3814055) significantly had a greater risk of AT-DILI (OR 8·89; 95% CI 1·36-57·93, P < 0·05), compared with those of wild-type CC genotype. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION The result suggests that in Indonesian patients with tuberculosis, the risk of having AT-DILI was associated with TT genotype of the PXR gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zazuli
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - M I Barliana
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - U A Mulyani
- Center for Applied Health Technology and Clinical Epidemiology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - D A Perwitasari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - H Ng
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - R Abdulah
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
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31
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Rosdi RA, Mohd Yusoff N, Ismail R, Soo Choon T, Saleem M, Musa N, Yusoff S. High allele frequency of CYP2C9*3 (rs1057910) in a Negrito’s subtribe population in Malaysia; Aboriginal people of Jahai. Ann Hum Biol 2015; 43:445-50. [DOI: 10.3109/03014460.2015.1068372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rasmaizatul Akma Rosdi
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia,
| | - Narazah Mohd Yusoff
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia,
| | - Rusli Ismail
- Centre of Excellence for Research in AIDS (CERiA), Level 17, Wisma RND, Jalan Pantai Baharu, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,
| | - Tan Soo Choon
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Main Campus, Jalan Inovasi, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia,
| | - Mohamed Saleem
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia,
| | - Nurfadhlina Musa
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia, and
| | - Surini Yusoff
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia,
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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32
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Uehara S, Uno Y, Inoue T, Kawano M, Shimizu M, Toda A, Utoh M, Sasaki E, Yamazaki H. Novel Marmoset Cytochrome P450 2C19 in Livers Efficiently Metabolizes Human P450 2C9 and 2C19 Substrates, S-Warfarin, Tolbutamide, Flurbiprofen, and Omeprazole. Drug Metab Dispos 2015; 43:1408-16. [PMID: 26228688 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.066100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), a small New World monkey, has the potential for use in human drug development due to its evolutionary closeness to humans. Four novel cDNAs, encoding cytochrome P450 (P450) 2C18, 2C19, 2C58, and 2C76, were cloned from marmoset livers to characterize P450 2C molecular properties, including previously reported P450 2C8. The deduced amino acid sequence showed high sequence identities (>86%) with those of human P450 2Cs, except for marmoset P450 2C76, which has a low sequence identity (∼70%) with any human P450 2Cs. Phylogenetic analysis showed that marmoset P450 2Cs were more closely clustered with those of humans and macaques than other species investigated. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that all of the marmoset P450 2C mRNAs were predominantly expressed in liver as opposed to the other tissues tested. Marmoset P450 2C proteins were detected in liver by immunoblotting using antibodies against human P450 2Cs. Among marmoset P450 2Cs heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, marmoset P450 2C19 efficiently catalyzed human P450 2C substrates, S-warfarin, diclofenac, tolbutamide, flurbiprofen, and omeprazole. Marmoset P450 2C19 had high Vmax and low Km values for S-warfarin 7-hydroxylation that were comparable to those in human liver microsomes, indicating warfarin stereoselectivity similar to findings in humans. Faster in vivo S-warfarin clearance than R-warfarin after intravenous administration of racemic warfarin (0.2 mg/kg) to marmosets was consistent with the in vitro kinetic parameters. These results indicated that marmoset P450 2C enzymes had functional characteristics similar to those of humans, and that P450 2C-dependent metabolic properties are likewise similar between marmosets and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Uehara
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan (S.U., M.K., M.S., H.Y.); Pharmacokinetics and Bioanalysis Center, Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd., Kainan, Wakayama, Japan (Y.U., A.T., M.U.); Department of Applied Developmental Biology (T.I.) and Center of Applied Developmental Biology (E.S.), Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan; and Keio Advanced Research Center, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan (E.S.)
| | - Yasuhiro Uno
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan (S.U., M.K., M.S., H.Y.); Pharmacokinetics and Bioanalysis Center, Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd., Kainan, Wakayama, Japan (Y.U., A.T., M.U.); Department of Applied Developmental Biology (T.I.) and Center of Applied Developmental Biology (E.S.), Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan; and Keio Advanced Research Center, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan (E.S.)
| | - Takashi Inoue
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan (S.U., M.K., M.S., H.Y.); Pharmacokinetics and Bioanalysis Center, Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd., Kainan, Wakayama, Japan (Y.U., A.T., M.U.); Department of Applied Developmental Biology (T.I.) and Center of Applied Developmental Biology (E.S.), Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan; and Keio Advanced Research Center, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan (E.S.)
| | - Mirai Kawano
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan (S.U., M.K., M.S., H.Y.); Pharmacokinetics and Bioanalysis Center, Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd., Kainan, Wakayama, Japan (Y.U., A.T., M.U.); Department of Applied Developmental Biology (T.I.) and Center of Applied Developmental Biology (E.S.), Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan; and Keio Advanced Research Center, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan (E.S.)
| | - Makiko Shimizu
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan (S.U., M.K., M.S., H.Y.); Pharmacokinetics and Bioanalysis Center, Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd., Kainan, Wakayama, Japan (Y.U., A.T., M.U.); Department of Applied Developmental Biology (T.I.) and Center of Applied Developmental Biology (E.S.), Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan; and Keio Advanced Research Center, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan (E.S.)
| | - Akiko Toda
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan (S.U., M.K., M.S., H.Y.); Pharmacokinetics and Bioanalysis Center, Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd., Kainan, Wakayama, Japan (Y.U., A.T., M.U.); Department of Applied Developmental Biology (T.I.) and Center of Applied Developmental Biology (E.S.), Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan; and Keio Advanced Research Center, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan (E.S.)
| | - Masahiro Utoh
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan (S.U., M.K., M.S., H.Y.); Pharmacokinetics and Bioanalysis Center, Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd., Kainan, Wakayama, Japan (Y.U., A.T., M.U.); Department of Applied Developmental Biology (T.I.) and Center of Applied Developmental Biology (E.S.), Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan; and Keio Advanced Research Center, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan (E.S.)
| | - Erika Sasaki
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan (S.U., M.K., M.S., H.Y.); Pharmacokinetics and Bioanalysis Center, Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd., Kainan, Wakayama, Japan (Y.U., A.T., M.U.); Department of Applied Developmental Biology (T.I.) and Center of Applied Developmental Biology (E.S.), Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan; and Keio Advanced Research Center, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan (E.S.)
| | - Hiroshi Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan (S.U., M.K., M.S., H.Y.); Pharmacokinetics and Bioanalysis Center, Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd., Kainan, Wakayama, Japan (Y.U., A.T., M.U.); Department of Applied Developmental Biology (T.I.) and Center of Applied Developmental Biology (E.S.), Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan; and Keio Advanced Research Center, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan (E.S.)
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Philips S, Zhou J, Li Z, Skaar TC, Li L. A translational bioinformatic approach in identifying and validating an interaction between Vitamin A and CYP19A1. BMC Genomics 2015; 16 Suppl 7:S17. [PMID: 26100049 PMCID: PMC4474421 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-16-s7-s17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION One major challenge in personalized medicine research is to identify the environmental factors that can alter drug response, and to investigate their molecular mechanisms. These environmental factors include co-medications, food, and nutrition or dietary supplements. The increasing use of dietary supplements and their potential interactions with cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes is a highly significant personalized medicine research domain, because most of the drugs on the market are metabolized through CYP450 enzymes. METHODS Initial bioinformatics analysis revealed a number of regulators of CYP450 enzymes from a human liver bank gene expression quantitative loci data set. Then, a compound-gene network was constructed from the curated literature data. This network consisted of compounds that interact with either CYPs and/or their regulators that influence either their gene expression or activity. We further evaluated this finding in three different cell lines: JEG3, HeLa, and LNCaP cells. RESULTS From a total of 868 interactions we were able to identify an interesting interaction between retinoic acid (i.e. Vitamin A) and the aromatase gene (i.e. CYP19A1). Our experimental results showed that retinoic acid at physiological concentration significantly influenced CYP19A1 gene expressions. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the presence of retinoic acid may alter the efficacy of agents used to suppress aromatase expression.
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Wahlang B, Falkner KC, Cave MC, Prough RA. Role of Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase in Carcinogen and Chemotherapeutic Drug Metabolism. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2015; 74:1-33. [PMID: 26233902 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this chapter is to provide insight into which human cytochromes P450 (CYPs) may be involved in metabolism of chemical carcinogens and anticancer drugs. A historical overview of this field and the development of literature using relevant animal models and expressed human CYPs have provided information about which specific CYPs may be involved in carcinogen metabolism. Definition of the biochemical properties of CYP activity came from several groups who studied the reaction stoichiometry of butter yellow and benzo[α]pyrene, including their role in induction of these enzyme systems. This chapter will list as much as is known about the human CYPs involved in carcinogen and anticancer drug metabolism, as well as summarize studies with rodent CYPs. A review of three major classes of anticancer drugs and their metabolism in humans is covered for cyclophosphamide, procarbazine, and anthracycline antibiotics, cancer chemotherapeutic compounds extensively metabolized by CYPs. The emerging information about human CYP gene polymorphisms as well as other enzymes involved in foreign compound metabolism provides considerable information about how these genetic variants affect carcinogen and anticancer drug metabolism. With information available from individual's genomic sequences, consideration of populations who may be at risk due to environmental exposure to carcinogens or how to optimize their cancer therapy regimens to enhance efficacy of the anticancer drugs appears to be an important field of study to benefit individuals in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wahlang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - K Cameron Falkner
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Matt C Cave
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Russell A Prough
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
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Shahabi P, Dubé MP. Cardiovascular pharmacogenomics; state of current knowledge and implementation in practice. Int J Cardiol 2015; 184:772-795. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Screening of a chemical library reveals novel PXR-activating pharmacologic compounds. Toxicol Lett 2015; 232:193-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Silva R, Vilas-Boas V, Carmo H, Dinis-Oliveira RJ, Carvalho F, de Lourdes Bastos M, Remião F. Modulation of P-glycoprotein efflux pump: induction and activation as a therapeutic strategy. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 149:1-123. [PMID: 25435018 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is an ATP-dependent efflux pump encoded by the MDR1 gene in humans, known to mediate multidrug resistance of neoplastic cells to cancer therapy. For several decades, P-gp inhibition has drawn many significant research efforts in an attempt to overcome this phenomenon. However, P-gp is also constitutively expressed in normal human epithelial tissues and, due to its broad substrate specificity, to its cellular polarized expression in many excretory and barrier tissues, and to its great efflux capacity, it can play a crucial role in limiting the absorption and distribution of harmful xenobiotics, by decreasing their intracellular accumulation. Such a defense mechanism can be of particular relevance at the intestinal level, by significantly reducing the intestinal absorption of the xenobiotic and, consequently, avoiding its access to the target organs. In this review, the current knowledge on this important efflux pump is summarized, and a new focus is brought on the therapeutic interest of inducing and/or activating P-gp for limiting the toxicity caused by its substrates. Several in vivo and in vitro studies validating the use of such a therapeutic strategy are discussed. An extensive literature search for reported P-gp inducers/activators and for the experimental models used in their characterization was conducted. Those studies demonstrate that effective antidotal pathways can be achieved by efficiently promoting the P-gp-mediated efflux of deleterious xenobiotics, resulting in a significant reduction in their intracellular levels and, consequently, in a significant reduction of their toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Silva
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Vânia Vilas-Boas
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Helena Carmo
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; INFACTS - Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, Advanced Institute of Health Sciences - North (ISCS-N), CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal; Department of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Félix Carvalho
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria de Lourdes Bastos
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Fernando Remião
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Shahabi P, Siest G, Meyer UA, Visvikis-Siest S. Human cytochrome P450 epoxygenases: Variability in expression and role in inflammation-related disorders. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 144:134-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Fleming I. The Pharmacology of the Cytochrome P450 Epoxygenase/Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Axis in the Vasculature and Cardiovascular Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2014; 66:1106-40. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.113.007781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Shi Z, Yang W, Goldstein JA, Zhang SY. Med25 is required for estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-mediated regulation of human CYP2C9 expression. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 90:425-31. [PMID: 24960263 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The CYP2C subfamily of cytochrome P450 enzymes is an important class of drug metabolizing enzymes in human liver. CYP2C9 is the most abundant member of the human CYP2C subfamily in liver and metabolizes ~15% of the therapeutic drugs as well as other xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. A number of nuclear receptors including xenobiotic-sensing receptors such as the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), pregnane X receptor (PXR), and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) as well as liver enriched receptors hepatic nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) and the estrogen receptor α (ERα) regulate CYP2C9 expression. Here, we show that Med25, a variable component of Mediator complex, enhanced ligand dependent ERα-mediated transcriptional activation of CYP2C9 promoter and interacts with activated ERα by 17β-estradiol through its C-terminal LXXLL motif. In conclusion, Med25 is identified as a new coactivator of ERα that is required for ERα-mediated regulation of CYP2C9 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Shi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Wenjun Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Joyce A Goldstein
- Human Metabolism Section, Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Shu-Yun Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China.
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Baghdasaryan A, Chiba P, Trauner M. Clinical application of transcriptional activators of bile salt transporters. Mol Aspects Med 2014; 37:57-76. [PMID: 24333169 PMCID: PMC4045202 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatobiliary bile salt (BS) transporters are critical determinants of BS homeostasis controlling intracellular concentrations of BSs and their enterohepatic circulation. Genetic or acquired dysfunction of specific transport systems causes intrahepatic and systemic retention of potentially cytotoxic BSs, which, in high concentrations, may disturb integrity of cell membranes and subcellular organelles resulting in cell death, inflammation and fibrosis. Transcriptional regulation of canalicular BS efflux through bile salt export pump (BSEP), basolateral elimination through organic solute transporters alpha and beta (OSTα/OSTβ) as well as inhibition of hepatocellular BS uptake through basolateral Na(+)-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) represent critical steps in protection from hepatocellular BS overload and can be targeted therapeutically. In this article, we review the potential clinical implications of the major BS transporters BSEP, OSTα/OSTβ and NTCP in the pathogenesis of hereditary and acquired cholestatic syndromes, provide an overview on transcriptional control of these transporters by the key regulatory nuclear receptors and discuss the potential therapeutic role of novel transcriptional activators of BS transporters in cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Baghdasaryan
- Hans Popper Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Chiba
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Trauner
- Hans Popper Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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Makia NL, Surapureddi S, Monostory K, Prough RA, Goldstein JA. Regulation of human CYP2C9 expression by electrophilic stress involves activator protein 1 activation and DNA looping. Mol Pharmacol 2014; 86:125-37. [PMID: 24830941 DOI: 10.1124/mol.114.092585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP)2C9 and CYP2C19 are important human enzymes that metabolize therapeutic drugs, environmental chemicals, and physiologically important endogenous compounds. Initial studies using primary human hepatocytes showed induction of both the CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 genes by tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ). As a pro-oxidant, tBHQ regulates the expression of cytoprotective genes by activation of redox-sensing transcription factors, such as the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and members of the activator protein 1 (AP-1) family of proteins. The promoter region of CYP2C9 contains two putative AP-1 sites (TGAGTCA) at positions -2201 and -1930, which are also highly conserved in CYP2C19. The CYP2C9 promoter is activated by ectopic expression of cFos and JunD, whereas Nrf2 had no effect. Using specific kinase inhibitors for mitogen-activated protein kinase, we showed that extracellular signal-regulated kinase and Jun N-terminal kinase are essential for tBHQ-induced expression of CYP2C9. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrate that cFos distinctly interacts with the distal AP-1 site and JunD with the proximal site. Because cFos regulates target genes as heterodimers with Jun proteins, we hypothesized that DNA looping might be required to bring the distal and proximal AP-1 sites together to activate the CYP2C9 promoter. Chromosome conformation capture analyses confirmed the formation of a DNA loop in the CYP2C9 promoter, possibly allowing interaction between cFos at the distal site and JunD at the proximal site to activate CYP2C9 transcription in response to electrophiles. These results indicate that oxidative stress generated by exposure to electrophilic xenobiotics and metabolites induces the expression of CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 in human hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngome L Makia
- Human Metabolism Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (N.L.M., S.S., J.A.G.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky (R.A.P.); and Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Science, Budapest, Hungary (K.M.)
| | - Sailesh Surapureddi
- Human Metabolism Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (N.L.M., S.S., J.A.G.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky (R.A.P.); and Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Science, Budapest, Hungary (K.M.)
| | - Katalin Monostory
- Human Metabolism Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (N.L.M., S.S., J.A.G.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky (R.A.P.); and Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Science, Budapest, Hungary (K.M.)
| | - Russell A Prough
- Human Metabolism Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (N.L.M., S.S., J.A.G.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky (R.A.P.); and Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Science, Budapest, Hungary (K.M.)
| | - Joyce A Goldstein
- Human Metabolism Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (N.L.M., S.S., J.A.G.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky (R.A.P.); and Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Science, Budapest, Hungary (K.M.)
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Pinne M, Raucy JL. Advantages of cell-based high-volume screening assays to assess nuclear receptor activation during drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2014; 9:669-86. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2014.913019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Yang H, Wang H. Signaling control of the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR). Protein Cell 2014; 5:113-23. [PMID: 24474196 PMCID: PMC3956974 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-013-0013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The constitutive androstane receptor (CAR, NR1I3) plays a crucial role in the regulation of drug metabolism, energy homeostasis, and cancer development through modulating the transcription of its numerous target genes. Different from prototypical nuclear receptors, CAR can be activated by either direct ligand binding or ligand-independent (indirect) mechanisms both initiated with nuclear translocation of CAR from the cytoplasm. In comparison to the well-defined ligand-based activation, indirect activation of CAR appears to be exclusively involved in the nuclear translocation through mechanisms yet to be fully understood. Accumulating evidence reveals that without activation, CAR forms a protein complex in the cytoplasm where it can be functionally affected by multiple signaling pathways. In this review, we discuss recent progresses in our understanding of the signaling regulation of CAR nuclear accumulation and activation. We expect that this review will also provide greater insight into the similarity and difference between the mechanisms of direct vs. indirect human CAR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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Matoulková P, Pávek P, Malý J, Vlček J. Cytochrome P450 enzyme regulation by glucocorticoids and consequences in terms of drug interaction. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2014; 10:425-35. [PMID: 24451000 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2014.878703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to their multiple effects, glucocorticoids (GCs) have versatile medical uses. They can regulate many xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily, and thus, influence pharmacotherapy. AREAS COVERED The aim of this paper is to summarize the molecular effects of GCs on CYP as well as the available clinical evidence on drug-drug interactions (DDIs) between GCs and other drugs in which GCs influence the metabolism of other medicines through modifying CYP activity. We used the factographic database DRUGDEX® along with bibliographic searches. EXPERT OPINION Most of the literature reported CYP3A4 induction by GCs, but this was not proved in all research. As the conclusions on these DDIs are conflicting, there are several issues to be considered like the dosage of GCs, the length of GCs treatment and concomitant therapy, all of which can have an additive inducing effect. Further, in designing a DDI study, crossover studies are preferred. A literature search of the abovementioned information resources provided dissimilar results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Matoulková
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic
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Hukkanen J. Induction of cytochrome P450 enzymes: a view on humanin vivofindings. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2014; 5:569-85. [PMID: 23121279 DOI: 10.1586/ecp.12.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Janne Hukkanen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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Rowland A, Mangoni AA. Cytochrome P450 and ischemic heart disease: current concepts and future directions. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2013; 10:191-213. [PMID: 24274646 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2014.859675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The P450 enzymes (P450s) mediate the biotransformation of several drugs, steroid hormones, eicosanoids, cholesterol, vitamins, fatty acids and bile acids, many of which affect cardiovascular homeostasis. Experimental studies have demonstrated that several P450s modulate important steps in the pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease (IHD). AREAS COVERED This article discusses the current knowledge on i) the expression of P450s in cardiovascular and renal tissues; ii) the role of P450s in the pathophysiology of IHD, in particular the modulation of blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy, coronary arterial tone, ischemia-reperfusion injury and the metabolism of cardiovascular drugs; iii) the available evidence from observational studies on the association between P450 gene polymorphisms and risk of myocardial infarction (MI); and iv) suggestions for further research in this area. EXPERT OPINION P450s exert important modulatory effects in experimental models of IHD and MI. However, observational studies have provided conflicting results on the association between P450 genetic polymorphisms and MI. Further, adequately powered studies are required to ascertain the biological and clinical impact of P450s on clinical IHD end-points, that is, fatal and nonfatal MI, revascularization and long-term outcomes post MI. Pharmacogenetic substudies of recently completed cardiovascular clinical trials might represent an alternative strategy in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Rowland
- Flinders University, School of Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology , Bedford Park, SA 5042 , Australia
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Godoy P, Hewitt NJ, Albrecht U, Andersen ME, Ansari N, Bhattacharya S, Bode JG, Bolleyn J, Borner C, Böttger J, Braeuning A, Budinsky RA, Burkhardt B, Cameron NR, Camussi G, Cho CS, Choi YJ, Craig Rowlands J, Dahmen U, Damm G, Dirsch O, Donato MT, Dong J, Dooley S, Drasdo D, Eakins R, Ferreira KS, Fonsato V, Fraczek J, Gebhardt R, Gibson A, Glanemann M, Goldring CEP, Gómez-Lechón MJ, Groothuis GMM, Gustavsson L, Guyot C, Hallifax D, Hammad S, Hayward A, Häussinger D, Hellerbrand C, Hewitt P, Hoehme S, Holzhütter HG, Houston JB, Hrach J, Ito K, Jaeschke H, Keitel V, Kelm JM, Kevin Park B, Kordes C, Kullak-Ublick GA, LeCluyse EL, Lu P, Luebke-Wheeler J, Lutz A, Maltman DJ, Matz-Soja M, McMullen P, Merfort I, Messner S, Meyer C, Mwinyi J, Naisbitt DJ, Nussler AK, Olinga P, Pampaloni F, Pi J, Pluta L, Przyborski SA, Ramachandran A, Rogiers V, Rowe C, Schelcher C, Schmich K, Schwarz M, Singh B, Stelzer EHK, Stieger B, Stöber R, Sugiyama Y, Tetta C, Thasler WE, Vanhaecke T, Vinken M, Weiss TS, Widera A, Woods CG, Xu JJ, Yarborough KM, Hengstler JG. Recent advances in 2D and 3D in vitro systems using primary hepatocytes, alternative hepatocyte sources and non-parenchymal liver cells and their use in investigating mechanisms of hepatotoxicity, cell signaling and ADME. Arch Toxicol 2013; 87:1315-530. [PMID: 23974980 PMCID: PMC3753504 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-013-1078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1051] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review encompasses the most important advances in liver functions and hepatotoxicity and analyzes which mechanisms can be studied in vitro. In a complex architecture of nested, zonated lobules, the liver consists of approximately 80 % hepatocytes and 20 % non-parenchymal cells, the latter being involved in a secondary phase that may dramatically aggravate the initial damage. Hepatotoxicity, as well as hepatic metabolism, is controlled by a set of nuclear receptors (including PXR, CAR, HNF-4α, FXR, LXR, SHP, VDR and PPAR) and signaling pathways. When isolating liver cells, some pathways are activated, e.g., the RAS/MEK/ERK pathway, whereas others are silenced (e.g. HNF-4α), resulting in up- and downregulation of hundreds of genes. An understanding of these changes is crucial for a correct interpretation of in vitro data. The possibilities and limitations of the most useful liver in vitro systems are summarized, including three-dimensional culture techniques, co-cultures with non-parenchymal cells, hepatospheres, precision cut liver slices and the isolated perfused liver. Also discussed is how closely hepatoma, stem cell and iPS cell-derived hepatocyte-like-cells resemble real hepatocytes. Finally, a summary is given of the state of the art of liver in vitro and mathematical modeling systems that are currently used in the pharmaceutical industry with an emphasis on drug metabolism, prediction of clearance, drug interaction, transporter studies and hepatotoxicity. One key message is that despite our enthusiasm for in vitro systems, we must never lose sight of the in vivo situation. Although hepatocytes have been isolated for decades, the hunt for relevant alternative systems has only just begun.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Godoy
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IFADO), 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Ute Albrecht
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Melvin E. Andersen
- The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC USA
| | - Nariman Ansari
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sudin Bhattacharya
- The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC USA
| | - Johannes Georg Bode
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jennifer Bolleyn
- Department of Toxicology, Centre for Pharmaceutical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christoph Borner
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan Böttger
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Albert Braeuning
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wilhelmstr. 56, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert A. Budinsky
- Toxicology and Environmental Research and Consulting, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI USA
| | - Britta Burkhardt
- BG Trauma Center, Siegfried Weller Institut, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Neil R. Cameron
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE UK
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Chong-Su Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921 Korea
| | - Yun-Jaie Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921 Korea
| | - J. Craig Rowlands
- Toxicology and Environmental Research and Consulting, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI USA
| | - Uta Dahmen
- Experimental Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Visceral, and Vascular Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Georg Damm
- Department of General-, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Olaf Dirsch
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - María Teresa Donato
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, IIS Hospital La Fe Avda Campanar 21, 46009 Valencia, Spain
- CIBERehd, Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias, Barcelona, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jian Dong
- The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC USA
| | - Steven Dooley
- Department of Medicine II, Section Molecular Hepatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Dirk Drasdo
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics (IZBI), University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
- INRIA (French National Institute for Research in Computer Science and Control), Domaine de Voluceau-Rocquencourt, B.P. 105, 78153 Le Chesnay Cedex, France
- UPMC University of Paris 06, CNRS UMR 7598, Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions, 4, pl. Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Rowena Eakins
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Drug Safety Science, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Karine Sá Ferreira
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- GRK 1104 From Cells to Organs, Molecular Mechanisms of Organogenesis, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Valentina Fonsato
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Joanna Fraczek
- Department of Toxicology, Centre for Pharmaceutical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rolf Gebhardt
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrew Gibson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Drug Safety Science, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Matthias Glanemann
- Department of General-, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Chris E. P. Goldring
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Drug Safety Science, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - María José Gómez-Lechón
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, IIS Hospital La Fe Avda Campanar 21, 46009 Valencia, Spain
- CIBERehd, Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Geny M. M. Groothuis
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacokinetics Toxicology and Targeting, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lena Gustavsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (Malmö), Center for Molecular Pathology, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 59, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Christelle Guyot
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Hallifax
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research (CAPKR), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
| | - Seddik Hammad
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Veterinary Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Adam Hayward
- Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham, DH13LE UK
| | - Dieter Häussinger
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Hoehme
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics (IZBI), University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hermann-Georg Holzhütter
- Institut für Biochemie Abteilung Mathematische Systembiochemie, Universitätsmedizin Berlin (Charité), Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - J. Brian Houston
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research (CAPKR), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
| | | | - Kiyomi Ito
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, 202-8585 Japan
| | - Hartmut Jaeschke
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
| | - Verena Keitel
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - B. Kevin Park
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Drug Safety Science, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Claus Kordes
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gerd A. Kullak-Ublick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Edward L. LeCluyse
- The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC USA
| | - Peng Lu
- The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC USA
| | | | - Anna Lutz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel J. Maltman
- Reinnervate Limited, NETPark Incubator, Thomas Wright Way, Sedgefield, TS21 3FD UK
| | - Madlen Matz-Soja
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Patrick McMullen
- The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC USA
| | - Irmgard Merfort
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Meyer
- Department of Medicine II, Section Molecular Hepatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jessica Mwinyi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dean J. Naisbitt
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Drug Safety Science, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Andreas K. Nussler
- BG Trauma Center, Siegfried Weller Institut, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Olinga
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Pampaloni
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jingbo Pi
- The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC USA
| | - Linda Pluta
- The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC USA
| | - Stefan A. Przyborski
- Reinnervate Limited, NETPark Incubator, Thomas Wright Way, Sedgefield, TS21 3FD UK
- Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham, DH13LE UK
| | - Anup Ramachandran
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
| | - Vera Rogiers
- Department of Toxicology, Centre for Pharmaceutical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cliff Rowe
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Drug Safety Science, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Celine Schelcher
- Department of Surgery, Liver Regeneration, Core Facility, Human in Vitro Models of the Liver, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Schmich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Schwarz
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wilhelmstr. 56, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bijay Singh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921 Korea
| | - Ernst H. K. Stelzer
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Bruno Stieger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Regina Stöber
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IFADO), 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Yuichi Sugiyama
- Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Innovation Center, RIKEN, Yokohama Biopharmaceutical R&D Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Ciro Tetta
- Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang E. Thasler
- Department of Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich Hospital Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Tamara Vanhaecke
- Department of Toxicology, Centre for Pharmaceutical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Vinken
- Department of Toxicology, Centre for Pharmaceutical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas S. Weiss
- Department of Pediatrics and Juvenile Medicine, University of Regensburg Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Agata Widera
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IFADO), 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Courtney G. Woods
- The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC USA
| | | | | | - Jan G. Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IFADO), 44139 Dortmund, Germany
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Gerbal-Chaloin S, Iankova I, Maurel P, Daujat-Chavanieu M. Nuclear receptors in the cross-talk of drug metabolism and inflammation. Drug Metab Rev 2013; 45:122-44. [PMID: 23330545 DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2012.756011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and infection have long been known to affect the activity and expression of enzymes involved in hepatic and extrahepatic drug clearance. Significant advances have been made to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the complex cross-talk between inflammation and drug-metabolism alterations. The emergent role of ligand-activated transcriptional regulators, belonging to the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily, is now well established. The NRs, pregnane X receptor, constitutive androstane receptor, retinoic X receptor, glucocorticoid receptor, and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4, and the basic helix-loop-helix/Per-ARNT-Sim family member, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, are the main regulators of the detoxification function. According to the panel of mediators secreted during inflammation, a cascade of numerous signaling pathways is activated, including nuclear factor kappa B, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathways. Complex cross-talk is established between these signaling pathways regulating either constitutive or induced gene expression. In most cases, a mutual antagonism between xenosensor and inflammation signaling occurs. This review focuses on the molecular and cellular mechanisms implicated in this cross-talk.
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Modulation of xenobiotic receptors by steroids. Molecules 2013; 18:7389-406. [PMID: 23884115 PMCID: PMC3777271 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18077389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate the expression of their target genes. NRs play important roles in many human diseases, including metabolic diseases and cancer, and are therefore a key class of therapeutic targets. Steroids play important roles in regulating nuclear receptors; in addition to being ligands of steroid receptors, steroids (and their metabolites) also regulate other NRs, such as the pregnane X receptor and constitutive androstane receptor (termed xenobiotic receptors), which participate in steroid metabolism. Xenobiotic receptors have promiscuous ligand-binding properties, and their structurally diverse ligands include steroids and their metabolites. Therefore, steroids, their metabolism and metabolites, xenobiotic receptors, steroid receptors, and the respective signaling pathways they regulate have functional interactions. This review discusses these functional interactions and their implications for activities mediated by steroid receptors and xenobiotic receptors, focusing on steroids that modulate pathways involving the pregnane X receptor and constitutive androstane receptor. The emphasis of the review is on structure-function studies of xenobiotic receptors bound to steroid ligands.
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