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Wang C, Liu Z, Zeng Y, Zhou L, Long Q, Hassan IU, Zhang Y, Qi X, Cai D, Mao B, Lu G, Sun J, Yao Y, Deng Y, Zhao Q, Feng B, Zhou Q, Chan WY, Zhao H. ZSWIM4 regulates embryonic patterning and BMP signaling by promoting nuclear Smad1 degradation. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:646-671. [PMID: 38177922 PMCID: PMC10897318 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-023-00046-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The dorsoventral gradient of BMP signaling plays an essential role in embryonic patterning. Zinc Finger SWIM-Type Containing 4 (zswim4) is expressed in the Spemann-Mangold organizer at the onset of Xenopus gastrulation and is then enriched in the developing neuroectoderm at the mid-gastrula stages. Knockdown or knockout of zswim4 causes ventralization. Overexpression of zswim4 decreases, whereas knockdown of zswim4 increases the expression levels of ventrolateral mesoderm marker genes. Mechanistically, ZSWIM4 attenuates the BMP signal by reducing the protein stability of SMAD1 in the nucleus. Stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) identifies Elongin B (ELOB) and Elongin C (ELOC) as the interaction partners of ZSWIM4. Accordingly, ZSWIM4 forms a complex with the Cul2-RING ubiquitin ligase and ELOB and ELOC, promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of SMAD1 in the nucleus. Our study identifies a novel mechanism that restricts BMP signaling in the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengdong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ziran Liu
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 266033, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yelin Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Liangji Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qi Long
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Imtiaz Ul Hassan
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuanliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xufeng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental & Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongqing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental & Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bingyu Mao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming Institute of Zoology - The Chinese University of Hong Kong (KIZ-CUHK) Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Gang Lu
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianmin Sun
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, 750004, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yonggang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming Institute of Zoology - The Chinese University of Hong Kong (KIZ-CUHK) Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yi Deng
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bo Feng
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, China
| | - Wai Yee Chan
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Kunming Institute of Zoology - The Chinese University of Hong Kong (KIZ-CUHK) Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Branch of CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Kunming Institute of Zoology - The Chinese University of Hong Kong (KIZ-CUHK) Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Hong Kong Branch of CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Minami E, Sasa K, Yamada A, Kawai R, Yoshida H, Nakano H, Maki K, Kamijo R. Lactate-induced histone lactylation by p300 promotes osteoblast differentiation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293676. [PMID: 38051708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactate, which is synthesized as an end product by lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) from pyruvate during anaerobic glycolysis, has attracted attention for its energy metabolism and oxidant effects. A novel histone modification-mediated gene regulation mechanism termed lactylation by lactate was recently discovered. The present study examined the involvement of histone lactylation in undifferentiated cells that underwent differentiation into osteoblasts. C2C12 cells cultured in medium with a high glucose content (4500 mg/L) showed increases in marker genes (Runx2, Sp7, Tnap) indicating BMP-2-induced osteoblast differentiation and ALP staining activity, as well as histone lactylation as compared to those cultured in medium with a low glucose content (900 mg/L). Furthermore, C2C12 cells stimulated with the LDH inhibitor oxamate had reduced levels of BMP-2-induced osteoblast differentiation and histone lactylation, while addition of lactate to C2C12 cells cultured in low glucose medium resulted in partial restoration of osteoblast differentiation and histone lactylation. These results indicate that lactate synthesized by LDHA during glucose metabolism is important for osteoblast differentiation of C2C12 cells induced by BMP-2. Additionally, silencing of p300, a possible modifier of histone lactylation, also inhibited osteoblast differentiation and reduced histone lactylation. Together, these findings suggest a role of histone lactylation in promotion of undifferentiated cells to undergo differentiation into osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Minami
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyohito Sasa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamada
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Kawai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Nakano
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koutaro Maki
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kamijo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
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Lu X, Li L, Wu N, Chen W, Hong S, Xu M, Ding Y, Gao Y. BMP9 functions as a negative regulator in the myogenic differentiation of primary mouse myoblasts. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 87:1255-1264. [PMID: 37553201 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
BMP9, a member of the TGF-β superfamily, reveals the great translational promise for it has been shown to have the strong effect of osteogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. However, the implantation of certain BMPs (bone morphogenetic proteins) into muscular tissues induces ectopic bone formation. BMPs induce osteoblastic differentiation in skeletal muscle, suggesting that myogenic stem cells, such as myoblasts, are the potential progenitors of osteoblasts during heterotopic bone differentiation. Here, we investigate the role of BMP9 during primary mouse myoblasts differentiation. We found BMP9 enhanced cell proliferation and reduced myogenic differentiation of primary mouse myoblasts. In addition, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of BMP9 delayed muscle regeneration after BaCl2-induced injury. ALK1 knockdown reversed the inhibition of myoblast differentiation induced by BMP9. Our data indicate that BMP9 inhibits myogenic differentiation in primary mouse myoblasts and delays skeletal muscle regeneration after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiya Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Dermatologic Surgery, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Nanhui Wu
- Department of Dermatopathology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Hong
- Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyuan Xu
- Department of Dermatopathology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangfeng Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunlu Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Sun S, Zhong B, Zeng X, Li J, Chen Q. Transcription factor E4F1 as a regulator of cell life and disease progression. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh1991. [PMID: 37774036 PMCID: PMC10541018 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
E4F transcription factor 1 (E4F1), a member of the GLI-Kruppel family of zinc finger proteins, is now widely recognized as a transcription factor. It plays a critical role in regulating various cell processes, including cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and necrosis, DNA damage response, and cell metabolism. These processes involve intricate molecular regulatory networks, making E4F1 an important mediator in cell biology. Moreover, E4F1 has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of a range of human diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of the major advances in E4F1 research, from its first report to the present, including studies on its protein domains, molecular mechanisms of transcriptional regulation and biological functions, and implications for human diseases. We also address unresolved questions and potential research directions in this field. This review provides insights into the essential roles of E4F1 in human health and disease and may pave the way for facilitating E4F1 from basic research to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Bing Zhong
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Nuclear corepressor SMRT acts as a strong regulator of both β-oxidation and suppressor of fibrosis in the differentiation process of mouse skeletal muscle cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277830. [PMID: 36454860 PMCID: PMC9714868 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silencing Mediator of Retinoid and Thyroid hormone receptors (SMRT; NCoR2) is a transcriptional corepressor (CoR) which has been recognized as an important player in the regulation of hepatic lipogenesis and in somatic development in mouse embryo. SMRT protein is also widely expressed in mouse connective tissues, for example adipocytes and muscle. We recently reported that mice with global deletion of SMRT develop significant obesity and muscle wasting which are independent from thyroid hormone (TH) signaling and thermogenesis. However, the tissue specific role of SMRT in skeletal muscle is still not clear. METHODS To clarify role of SMRT in muscle differentiation, we made myogenic C2C12 clones which lack SMRT protein (C2C12-SKO) by using CRISPR-Cas9. Wild-type C2C12 (C2C12-WT) and C2C12-SKO cells were cultured in differentiation medium, and the resulting gene and protein profiles were compared between the two cell lines both before and after differentiation. We also analyzed muscle tissues which were dissected from whole body SMRT knockout (KO) mice and their controls. RESULTS We found significant up-regulation of muscle specific β-oxidation markers; Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) and PPARγ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) in the C2C12-SKO cells, suggesting that the cells had a similar gene profile to what is found in exercised rodent skeletal muscle. On the other hand, confocal microscopic analysis showed the significant loss of myotubes in C2C12-SKO cells similar to the morphology found in immature myoblasts. Proteomics analysis also confirmed that the C2C12-SKO cells had higher expression of markers of fibrosis (ex. Collagen1A1; COL1A1 and Fibroblast growth factor-2; FGF-2), indicating the up-regulation of Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptor signaling. Consistent with this, treatment with a specific TGF-β receptor inhibitor ameliorated both the defects in myotube differentiation and fibrosis. CONCLUSION Taken together, we demonstrate that SMRT functions as a pivotal transcriptional mediator for both β-oxidation and the prevention for the fibrosis via TGF-β receptor signaling in the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts. In contrast to the results from C2C12 cells, SMRT does not appear to play a role in adult skeletal muscle of whole body SMRT KO mice. Thus, SMRT plays a significant role in the differentiation of myoblasts.
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Shirakawa T, Toyono T, Inoue A, Matsubara T, Kawamoto T, Kokabu S. Factors Regulating or Regulated by Myogenic Regulatory Factors in Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091493. [PMID: 35563799 PMCID: PMC9104119 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MyoD, Myf5, myogenin, and MRF4 (also known as Myf6 or herculin) are myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs). MRFs are regarded as master transcription factors that are upregulated during myogenesis and influence stem cells to differentiate into myogenic lineage cells. In this review, we summarize MRFs, their regulatory factors, such as TLE3, NF-κB, and MRF target genes, including non-myogenic genes such as taste receptors. Understanding the function of MRFs and the physiology or pathology of satellite cells will contribute to the development of cell therapy and drug discovery for muscle-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Shirakawa
- Division of Orofacial Functions and Orthodontics, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; (T.S.); (A.I.); (T.K.)
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan;
| | - Takashi Toyono
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan;
| | - Asako Inoue
- Division of Orofacial Functions and Orthodontics, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; (T.S.); (A.I.); (T.K.)
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan;
| | - Takuma Matsubara
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan;
| | - Tatsuo Kawamoto
- Division of Orofacial Functions and Orthodontics, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; (T.S.); (A.I.); (T.K.)
| | - Shoichiro Kokabu
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-93-582-1131; Fax: +81-93-285-6000
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Watanabe N, Nakano M, Mitsuishi Y, Hara N, Mano T, Iwata A, Murayama S, Suzuki T, Ikeuchi T, Nishimura M. Transcriptional downregulation of FAM3C/ILEI in the Alzheimer's brain. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 31:122-132. [PMID: 34378027 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation in the brain triggers the pathogenic cascade for Alzheimer's disease (AD) development. The secretory protein FAM3C (also named ILEI) is a candidate for an endogenous suppressor of Aβ production. In this study, we found that FAM3C expression was transcriptionally downregulated in the AD brain. To determine the transcriptional mechanism of the human FAM3C gene, we delineated the minimal 5'-flanking sequence required for basal promoter activity. From a database search for DNA-binding motifs, expression analysis using cultured cells, and promoter DNA-binding assays, we identified SP1 and EBF1 as candidate basal transcription factors for FAM3C, and found that SMAD1 was a putative inducible transcription factor and KLF6 was a transcription repressor for FAM3C. Genomic deletion of the basal promoter sequence from HEK293 and Neuro-2a cells markedly reduced endogenous expression of FAM3C and abrogated SP1- or EBF1-mediated induction of FAM3C. Nuclear protein extracts from AD brains contained lower levels of SP1 and EBF1 than did those from control brains, although the relative mRNA levels of these factors did not differ significantly between the groups. Additionally, the ability of nuclear SP1 and EBF1 in AD brains to bind with the basal promoter sequence-containing DNA probe was reduced compared with the binding ability of these factors in control brains. Thus, the transcriptional downregulation of FAM3C in the AD brain is attributable to the reduced nuclear levels and genomic DNA binding of SP1 and EBF1. An expressional decline in FAM3C may be a risk factor for Aβ accumulation and eventually AD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Watanabe
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Masaki Nakano
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yachiyo Mitsuishi
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Norikazu Hara
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Mano
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iwata
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.,Department of Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Shigeo Murayama
- Department of Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Suzuki
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ikeuchi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Masaki Nishimura
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
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Gramann AK, Frantz WT, Dresser K, Gomes CBF, Lian CG, Deng A, Ceol CJ. BMP Signaling Promotes Neural Crest Identity and Accelerates Melanoma Onset. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:2067-2070.e1. [PMID: 33610560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alec K Gramann
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - William Tyler Frantz
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Karen Dresser
- Department of Dermatology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Camilla Borges Ferreira Gomes
- Program in Dermatopathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christine G Lian
- Program in Dermatopathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - April Deng
- Department of Dermatology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Craig J Ceol
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
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Rooney RJ. Multiple domains in the 50 kDa form of E4F1 regulate promoter-specific repression and E1A trans-activation. Gene 2020; 754:144882. [PMID: 32535047 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The 50 kDa N-terminal product of the cellular transcription factor E4F1 (p50E4F1) mediates E1A289R trans-activation of the adenovirus E4 gene, and suppresses E1A-mediated transformation by sensitizing cells to cell death. This report shows that while both E1A289R and E1A243R stimulate p50E4F1 DNA binding activity, E1A289R trans-activation, as measured using GAL-p50E4F1 fusion proteins, involves a p50E4F1 transcription regulatory (TR) region that must be promoter-bound and is dependent upon E1A CR3, CR1 and N-terminal domains. Trans-activation is promoter-specific, as GAL-p50E4F1 did not stimulate commonly used artificial promoters and was strongly repressive when competing against GAL-VP16. p50E4F1 and E1A289R stably associate in vivo using the p50E4F1 TR region and E1A CR3, although their association in vitro is indirect and paradoxically disrupted by MAP kinase phosphorylation of E1A289R, which stimulates E4 trans-activation in vivo. Multiple cellular proteins, including TBP, bind the p50E4F1 TR region in vitro. The mechanistic implications for p50E4F1 function are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Rooney
- Department of Genetics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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Borok MJ, Mademtzoglou D, Relaix F. Bu-M-P-ing Iron: How BMP Signaling Regulates Muscle Growth and Regeneration. J Dev Biol 2020; 8:jdb8010004. [PMID: 32053985 PMCID: PMC7151139 DOI: 10.3390/jdb8010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway is best known for its role in promoting bone formation, however it has been shown to play important roles in both development and regeneration of many different tissues. Recent work has shown that the BMP proteins have a number of functions in skeletal muscle, from embryonic to postnatal development. Furthermore, complementary studies have recently demonstrated that specific components of the pathway are required for efficient muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Borok
- Inserm, IMRB U955-E10, 94010 Créteil, France; (M.J.B.); (D.M.)
- Faculté de santé, Université Paris Est, 94000 Creteil, France
| | - Despoina Mademtzoglou
- Inserm, IMRB U955-E10, 94010 Créteil, France; (M.J.B.); (D.M.)
- Faculté de santé, Université Paris Est, 94000 Creteil, France
| | - Frederic Relaix
- Inserm, IMRB U955-E10, 94010 Créteil, France; (M.J.B.); (D.M.)
- Faculté de santé, Université Paris Est, 94000 Creteil, France
- Ecole Nationale Veterinaire d’Alfort, 94700 Maison Alfort, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang, 94017 Créteil, France
- APHP, Hopitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, DHU Pepsy & Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires GNMH, 94000 Créteil, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-149-813-940
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11
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Gramann AK, Venkatesan AM, Guerin M, Ceol CJ. Regulation of zebrafish melanocyte development by ligand-dependent BMP signaling. eLife 2019; 8:50047. [PMID: 31868592 PMCID: PMC6968919 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Preventing terminal differentiation is important in the development and progression of many cancers including melanoma. Recent identification of the BMP ligand GDF6 as a novel melanoma oncogene showed GDF6-activated BMP signaling suppresses differentiation of melanoma cells. Previous studies have identified roles for GDF6 orthologs during early embryonic and neural crest development, but have not identified direct regulation of melanocyte development by GDF6. Here, we investigate the BMP ligand gdf6a, a zebrafish ortholog of human GDF6, during the development of melanocytes from the neural crest. We establish that the loss of gdf6a or inhibition of BMP signaling during neural crest development disrupts normal pigment cell development, leading to an increase in the number of melanocytes and a corresponding decrease in iridophores, another neural crest-derived pigment cell type in zebrafish. This shift occurs as pigment cells arise from the neural crest and depends on mitfa, an ortholog of MITF, a key regulator of melanocyte development that is also targeted by oncogenic BMP signaling. Together, these results indicate that the oncogenic role ligand-dependent BMP signaling plays in suppressing differentiation in melanoma is a reiteration of its physiological roles during melanocyte development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec K Gramann
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.,Department of Molecular Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Arvind M Venkatesan
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.,Department of Molecular Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Melissa Guerin
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.,Department of Molecular Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Craig J Ceol
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States.,Department of Molecular Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
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12
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Hamaya E, Fujisawa T, Tamura M. Osteoadherin serves roles in the regulation of apoptosis and growth in MC3T3‑E1 osteoblast cells. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:2336-2344. [PMID: 31638177 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Small leucine‑rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) are a class of proteoglycans that are characterized by small protein cores and structures of leucine‑rich repeats. SLRPs are expressed in most extracellular matrices and share numerous biological functions that are associated with binding of collagens and cell surface receptors. Osteoadherin (also termed osteomodulin) is encoded by the Omd gene and is a keratan sulfate proteoglycan of the class II subfamily of SLRPs. Osteoadherin is highly expressed in mineralized tissues, including bone and dentin; however, it's precise roles remain unknown. The present study determined the Omd expression levels and investigated the effects of over‑ and under‑expression of osteoadherin in osteoblastic cells. Omd mRNA expression increased with osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3‑E1 cells. In C2C12 cells, Omd mRNA expression was induced by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)2. Reporter assays similarly demonstrated activation of the Omd gene promoter following co‑transfection with Smad1 and Smad4, which are intracellular signaling molecules of the BMP2 signaling pathway. Overexpression of Omd increased the viability and decreased caspase 3/7 activity in MC3T3‑E1 cells. By contrast, following transfection with small interfering RNA for Omd, viable cell numbers were decreased and caspase 3/7 activity was increased. Furthermore, overexpression of Omd reduced the expression of CCN family 2 in these cells. These results demonstrate that Omd expression is regulated during osteoblast differentiation, and that the protein product osteoadherin serves roles in the apoptosis and growth of osteoblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Hamaya
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Fujisawa
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan
| | - Masato Tamura
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan
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13
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Waqas M, Wang Y, Li A, Qamar H, Yao W, Tong X, Zhang J, Iqbal M, Mehmood K, Li J. Osthole: A Coumarin Derivative Assuage Thiram-Induced Tibial Dyschondroplasia by Regulating BMP-2 and RUNX-2 Expressions in Chickens. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090330. [PMID: 31443437 PMCID: PMC6770413 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian tibial dyschondroplasia affects fast growing broiler chickens accounting for almost 30% of leg ailments in broilers. The present project was designed to assess the efficacy of osthole against avian tibial dyschondroplasia (TD). Two hundred and forty chickens were equally allocated into control, TD and osthole groups (n = 80). The TD and osthole group chickens were challenged with tetramethylthiuram disulfide (thiram) at 50 mg/kg of feed from 4–7 days, followed by osthole administration at 20 mg/kg orally to the osthole group only from 8–18 days. Thiram feeding resulted in lameness, increased mortality, and decreased production parameters, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels, along with significantly increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and growth plate size. Moreover, the genes and protein expressions of BMP-2 and RUNX-2 were significantly down-regulated in TD affected chickens (p < 0.05). Osthole administration showed promising results by alleviating lameness; increased ALP, SOD, T-AOC, and GSH-Px levels; and decreased the AST, ALT, and MDA levels significantly. It restored the size of the growth plate and significantly up-regulated the BMP-2 and RUNX-2 expressions (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the oxidative stress and growth plate anomalies could be assuaged using osthole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Waqas
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of the Poonch, Rawalakot, District Poonch 12350, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Yaping Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Aoyun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hammad Qamar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wangyuan Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaole Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jialu Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mudassar Iqbal
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China.
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14
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Abdallah BM, Ali EM. 5'-hydroxy Auraptene stimulates osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells via a BMP-dependent mechanism. J Biomed Sci 2019; 26:51. [PMID: 31277646 PMCID: PMC6610929 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0544-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identifying bone anabolic agents is a superior strategy for the treatment of osteoporosis. Naturally, derived coumarin derivatives have shown osteoanabolic effect in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we investigated the effect of 5′-Hydroxy Auraptene (5′-HA), a coumarin derivative that newly isolated from Lotus lalambensis Schweinf on the differentiation of the mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal (skeletal) stem cells (mBMSCs) into osteoblast and adipocyte. Methods The effect of 5′-HA on mBMSCs cell proliferation and osteoblast differentiation was assessed by measuring cell viability, quantitative alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, Alizarin red staining for matrix mineralization and osteogenic gene array expression. Adipogenesis was measured by Oil Red O staining and quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) analysis of adipogenic markers. Regulation of BMPs signaling pathways by 5′-HA was measured by Western blot analysis and qPCR. Results 5′-HA showed to stimulate the differentiation of mBMSCs into osteogenic cell lineage in a dose-dependent manner, without affecting their differentiation into adipocytic cell lineage. Treatment of mBMSCs with 5′-HA showed to promote significantly the BMP2-induced osteogenesis in mBMSCs via activating Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation and increasing Smad4 expression. Blocking of BMP signaling using BMPR1 selective inhibitor LDN-193189 significantly inhibited the stimulatory effect of 5′-HA on osteogenesis. Conclusions Our data identified 5′-HA, as a novel coumarin derivative that function to stimulate the differentiation of mBMSCs into osteoblasts in BMP-signaling dependent mechanism. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12929-019-0544-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basem M Abdallah
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf-31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. .,Endocrine Research (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Enas M Ali
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf-31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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15
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Qadir AS, Lee J, Lee YS, Woo KM, Ryoo HM, Baek JH. Distal-less homeobox 3, a negative regulator of myogenesis, is downregulated by microRNA-133. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:2226-2235. [PMID: 30277585 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Distal-less homeobox 3 (Dlx3), a member of the Dlx family of homeobox proteins, is a transcriptional activator of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) during osteogenic differentiation. It has been demonstrated that forced expression of Runx2 induces an osteogenic program and ectopic calcification in muscles. Therefore, it would be reasonable to predict that Dlx3 also affects myogenic differentiation. The relationship between Dlx3 and myogenesis, however, remains poorly understood. Therefore, in this study, the role and regulation of Dlx3 during myogenic differentiation were investigated. Expression level of Dlx3 was downregulated in human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), mouse MSCs, and C2C12 cells cultured in myogenic medium. Dlx3 level was inversely correlated with myogenic differentiation 1 and the muscle-specific microRNA, microRNA-133 (miR-133). The expression level of Runx2 was closely regulated by Dlx3 even under myogenic conditions. Overexpression of Dlx3 markedly downregulated expression levels of myogenic transcription factors and myotube formation in C2C12 cells, whereas Dlx3 knockdown enhanced myogenic differentiation. The Dlx3 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) has two potential binding sites for miR-133. Luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that Dlx3 is a direct target of miR-133a and miR-133b, and that the two target sites are redundantly active. Taken together, these results suggest that Dlx3 is a negative regulator of myogenic differentiation and that miR-133a and miR-133b enhance myogenic differentiation, partly through inhibition of Dlx3 expression via direct targeting of the Dlx3 3'-UTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul S Qadir
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Present address: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jeeyong Lee
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun-Sil Lee
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Mi Woo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Mo Ryoo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwa Baek
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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16
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Discovery of Heterotopic Bone-Inducing Activity in Hard Tissues and the TGF-β Superfamily. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113586. [PMID: 30428615 PMCID: PMC6274805 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is a unique organ because it can be experimentally induced in soft tissues by implanting a single growth factor, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP). Heterotopic bone-inducing activity was found in demineralized bone matrix in 1965. The characterization of this activity in bone enabled the purification and molecular cloning of BMPs and showed that they are members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily. Assay systems developed for this bone-inducing activity revealed the molecular mechanisms of the intracellular signaling of members of the superfamily, including BMPs. Moreover, they are being applied to elucidate molecular mechanisms and to develop novel therapeutics for a disease caused by an abnormality in BMP signaling.
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17
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Katagiri T, Tsukamoto S, Nakachi Y, Kuratani M. Recent Topics in Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2018; 33:331-338. [PMID: 30229572 PMCID: PMC6145951 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2018.33.3.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare genetic disease that is characterized by the formation of heterotopic bone tissues in soft tissues, such as skeletal muscle, ligament, and tendon. It is difficult to remove such heterotopic bones via internal medicine or invasive procedures. The identification of activin A receptor, type I (ACVR1)/ALK2 gene mutations associated with FOP has allowed the genetic diagnosis of FOP. The ACVR1/ALK2 gene encodes the ALK2 protein, which is a transmembrane kinase receptor in the transforming growth factor-β family. The relevant mutations activate intracellular signaling in vitro and induce heterotopic bone formation in vivo. Activin A is a potential ligand that activates mutant ALK2 but not wild-type ALK2. Various types of small chemical and biological inhibitors of ALK2 signaling have been developed to establish treatments for FOP. Some of these are in clinical trials in patients with FOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takenobu Katagiri
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
- Project of Clinical and Basic Research for FOP, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Sho Tsukamoto
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
- Project of Clinical and Basic Research for FOP, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nakachi
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mai Kuratani
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
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18
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Monocarboxylate transporter-1 promotes osteoblast differentiation via suppression of p53, a negative regulator of osteoblast differentiation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10579. [PMID: 30002387 PMCID: PMC6043614 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28605-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocarboxylate transporter-1 (MCT-1) is a transmembrane transporter for monocarboxylates including lactate and pyruvate. Silencing Mct1 by its small interfering RNA (siRNA) suppressed the expression of marker genes for osteoblast differentiation, namely, Tnap, Runx2, and Sp7, induced by BMP-2 in mouse myoblastic C2C12 cells. Mct1 siRNA also suppressed alkaline phosphatase activity, as well as expressions of Tnap and Bglap mRNAs in mouse primary osteoblasts. On the other hand, Mct1 siRNA did not have effects on the Smad1/5 or ERK/JNK pathways in BMP-2-stimulated C2C12 cells, while it up-regulated the mRNA expression of p53 (Trp53) as well as nuclear accumulation of p53 in C2C12 cells in a BMP-2-independent manner. Suppression of osteoblastic differentiation by Mct1 siRNA in C2C12 cells was abolished by co-transfection of Trp53 siRNA. Together, these results suggest that MCT-1 functions as a positive regulator of osteoblast differentiation via suppression of p53.
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19
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Iqbal M, Zhang H, Mehmood K, Li A, Jiang X, Wang Y, Zhang J, Iqbal MK, Rehman MU, Yao W, Yang S, Li J. Icariin: a Potential Compound for the Recovery of Tibial Dyschondroplasia Affected Chicken Via Up-Regulating BMP-2 Expression. Biol Proced Online 2018; 20:15. [PMID: 29988477 PMCID: PMC6026509 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-018-0080-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a skeletal disease of fast growing chicken and other avian species. It is characterized by an avascular and non-mineralized growth plate, which leads to a deformed tibial bone and lameness. Unfortunately, this disease is not only responsible for causing huge economic losses but also raises animal welfare concerns. Icariin is a flavonoid, which is isolated from Epimedium pubescens herb, and it has been used to cure different diseases including bone fractures and osteoporosis. RESULTS We designed this experiment to use icariin for the treatment of TD affect chickens; for this purpose, a total of 180 chicks were equally divided into three groups: control, TD and icariin. All the three groups were offered ad libitum same normal standard diet with an addition of thiram (50 mg/kg) from 3rd day to 7th day in TD and icariin group in order to induce TD in chickens. After the induction of TD, the chickens in icariin groups were fed standard diet with an addition of icariin at the rate of 10 mg/kg in drinking water to check the therapeutic effect of this flavonoid on TD. Our results showed that the icariin helped in restoring the TD lesion into a normal structure with significantly (P < 0.05) up-regulating the bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) expression in the tibial growth plates (GP). CONCLUSIONS Icariin increased the vascular area in the growth plate and decreased the average TD score. In conclusion, this study shows that icariin is a potential compound for the recovery of TD affected chickens via up-regulating the BMP-2 expression without posing a threat of ingestion of toxic veterinary drug residues to human beings upon the consumption of treated chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujahid Iqbal
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
- University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Aoyun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiong Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaping Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jialu Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Kashif Iqbal
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Mujeeb Ur Rehman
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wangyuan Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shijin Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, Tibet 860000 People’s Republic of China
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20
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Machiya A, Tsukamoto S, Ohte S, Kuratani M, Fujimoto M, Kumagai K, Osawa K, Suda N, Bullock AN, Katagiri T. Effects of FKBP12 and type II BMP receptors on signal transduction by ALK2 activating mutations associated with genetic disorders. Bone 2018; 111:101-108. [PMID: 29551750 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Various substitution mutations in ALK2, a transmembrane serine/threonine kinase receptor for bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), have been identified in patients with genetic disorders such as fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) and heart defects. In this study, we characterized the ALK2 mutants R258G, G328V and F246Y, which were identified in patients with severe FOP, DIPG and unusual hereditary skeletal dysplasia, respectively. Both R258G and G328V were gain-of-function mutations, but F246Y was equivalent to wild-type ALK2. We also examined the effect of the suppressor FKBP12 on the signal transduction of a further 14 ALK2 mutations associated with FOP and/or DIPG. To varying extents FKBP12 over-expression suppressed the basal signaling induced by thirteen of the ALK2 mutants, whereas PF197-8L was uniquely resistant. In the PF197-8L mutant, the modelled ALK2 residue L197 induced a steric clash with the D36 residue in FKBP12 and dissociated their interaction. The co-expression of BMP type II receptors or stimulation with ligands relieved the suppression by FKBP12 by disrupting the interaction between mutant ALK2 and FKBP12. Taken together, FKBP12 binds to and suppresses mutant ALK2 proteins associated with FOP and DIPG, except for PF197-8L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Machiya
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Division of Orthodontics, Department of Human Development and Fostering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama, Japan
| | - Sho Tsukamoto
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Project of Clinical and Basic Research for FOP, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ohte
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mai Kuratani
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mai Fujimoto
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Division of Orthodontics, Department of Human Development and Fostering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama, Japan
| | - Keigo Kumagai
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kenji Osawa
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Ivy Dental Clinic, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoto Suda
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Human Development and Fostering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama, Japan
| | - Alex N Bullock
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Takenobu Katagiri
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Project of Clinical and Basic Research for FOP, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
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21
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Luo Y, Cao X, Chen J, Gu J, Zhao J, Sun J. MicroRNA‐224 suppresses osteoblast differentiation by inhibiting
SMAD4. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6929-6937. [PMID: 29693254 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Luo
- Department of Orthopedic The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Souzhou Jiangsu China
- Department of Orthopedic Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Taicang Jiangsu China
| | - Xiaodong Cao
- Department of Orthopedic Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Taicang Jiangsu China
| | - Junfeng Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Taicang Jiangsu China
| | - Jianwei Gu
- Department of Orthopedic Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Taicang Jiangsu China
| | - Jitong Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Taicang Jiangsu China
| | - Junying Sun
- Department of Orthopedic The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Souzhou Jiangsu China
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22
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Katagiri T, Tsukamoto S, Kuratani M. Heterotopic bone induction via BMP signaling: Potential therapeutic targets for fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva. Bone 2018; 109:241-250. [PMID: 28754575 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
More than 50years ago, Marshal M. Urist detected "heterotopic bone-inducing activity" in demineralized bone matrix. This unique activity was referred to as "bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)" because it was sensitive to trypsin digestion. Purification of the bone-inducing activity from demineralized bone matrix using a bone-inducing assay in vivo indicated that the original "BMP" consisted of a mixture of new members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family. The establishment of new in vitro assay systems that reflect the bone-inducing activity of BMPs in vivo have revealed the functional receptors and downstream effectors of BMPs. Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by progressive heterotopic bone formation in soft tissues similar to the event induced by the transplantation of BMPs in skeletal muscle. In patients with FOP, genetic mutations have been identified in the ACVR1 gene, which encodes the BMP receptor ALK2. The mutations in ALK2 associated with FOP are hypersensitive to type II receptor kinases. Recently, activin A, a non-osteogenic member of the TGF-β family, was identified as the ligand of the mutant ALK2 in FOP, and various types of signaling inhibitors for mutant ALK2 are currently under development to establish effective treatments for FOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takenobu Katagiri
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan; Project of Clinical and Basic Research for FOP, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan.
| | - Sho Tsukamoto
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan; Project of Clinical and Basic Research for FOP, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Mai Kuratani
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
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Involvement of bone morphogenetic protein-related pathways in the effect of aucubin on the promotion of osteoblast differentiation in MG63 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 283:51-58. [PMID: 29408431 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aucubin, an iridoid glycoside found in several plants, such as Eucommia ulmoide and Rehmannia, has various pharmacological effects. Bone formation is a complex process in which osteoblast differentiation plays an important role. This study aimed to investigate the promotion effects of aucubin on osteoblast differentiation in MG63 cells, a human osteoblast-like cell line. Aucubin not only improved osteoblast differentiation, as shown by enhanced ALP (alkaline phosphatase) concentration and mineralization in cells, but increased the expression of various cytokines, including collagen I, osteocalcin, osteopontin, integrin β1, and Osterix. Aucubin strongly enhanced the levels of BMP2 (bone morphogenetic proteins-2) in MG63 cells, which play a central role during osteoblast differentiation. Further data show that aucubin exposure after 1 day, 7 days, and 14 days enhanced the expression of Smad1, 5, and 8, and the phosphoresced levels of MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinases) family Erk (extracellular signal-regulated kinases), JNK (c-Jun-NH2-terminal kinases), P38, and Akt (serine/threonine protein kinase)/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin)/p70s6k in MG63 cells. This study shows the improved effects of aucubin on osteoblast differentiation in MG63 cells, related to the signaling of BMP2-mediated Smads (drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic proteins), MAPKs, and Akt/mTOR/p70S6K. This study indicates the potential of aucubin for osteoporosis treatment.
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Song S, Zhang B, Wu S, Huang L, Ai C, Pan J, Su YC, Wang Z, Wen C. Structural characterization and osteogenic bioactivity of a sulfated polysaccharide from pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai Ino). Carbohydr Polym 2018; 182:207-214. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Ampuja M, Kallioniemi A. Transcription factors-Intricate players of the bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2017; 57:3-11. [DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Ampuja
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
| | - Anne Kallioniemi
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories; Tampere Finland
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Ledford KL, Martinez-De Luna RI, Theisen MA, Rawlins KD, Viczian AS, Zuber ME. Distinct cis-acting regions control six6 expression during eye field and optic cup stages of eye formation. Dev Biol 2017; 426:418-428. [PMID: 28438336 PMCID: PMC5500183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The eye field transcription factor, Six6, is essential for both the early (specification and proliferative growth) phase of eye formation, as well as for normal retinal progenitor cell differentiation. While genomic regions driving six6 optic cup expression have been described, the sequences controlling eye field and optic vesicle expression are unknown. Two evolutionary conserved regions 5' and a third 3' to the six6 coding region were identified, and together they faithfully replicate the endogenous X. laevis six6 expression pattern. Transgenic lines were generated and used to determine the onset and expression patterns controlled by the regulatory regions. The conserved 3' region was necessary and sufficient for eye field and optic vesicle expression. In contrast, the two conserved enhancer regions located 5' of the coding sequence were required together for normal optic cup and mature retinal expression. Gain-of-function experiments indicate endogenous six6 and GFP expression in F1 transgenic embryos are similarly regulated in response to candidate trans-acting factors. Importantly, CRISPR/CAS9-mediated deletion of the 3' eye field/optic vesicle enhancer in X. laevis, resulted in a reduction in optic vesicle size. These results identify the cis-acting regions, demonstrate the modular nature of the elements controlling early versus late retinal expression, and identify potential regulators of six6 expression during the early stages of eye formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley L Ledford
- Department of Ophthalmology and The Center for Vision Research, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Reyna I Martinez-De Luna
- Department of Ophthalmology and The Center for Vision Research, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Matthew A Theisen
- Department of Ophthalmology and The Center for Vision Research, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Karisa D Rawlins
- Department of Ophthalmology and The Center for Vision Research, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Andrea S Viczian
- Department of Ophthalmology and The Center for Vision Research, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States; Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States; Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States.
| | - Michael E Zuber
- Department of Ophthalmology and The Center for Vision Research, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States; Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
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Baik J, Magli A, Tahara N, Swanson SA, Koyano-Nakagawa N, Borges L, Stewart R, Garry DJ, Kawakami Y, Thomson JA, Perlingeiro RCR. Endoglin integrates BMP and Wnt signalling to induce haematopoiesis through JDP2. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13101. [PMID: 27713415 PMCID: PMC5059784 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms of haematopoietic and cardiac patterning remain poorly understood. Here we show that the BMP and Wnt signalling pathways are integrated in an endoglin (Eng)-dependent manner in cardiac and haematopoietic lineage specification. Eng is expressed in early mesoderm and marks both haematopoietic and cardiac progenitors. In the absence of Eng, yolk sacs inappropriately express the cardiac marker, Nkx2.5. Conversely, high levels of Eng in vitro and in vivo increase haematopoiesis and inhibit cardiogenesis. Levels of Eng determine the activation of both BMP and Wnt pathways, which are integrated downstream of Eng by phosphorylation of Smad1 by Gsk3. By interrogating Eng-dependent Wnt-mediated transcriptional changes, we identify Jdp2 as a key Eng-dependent Wnt target, sufficient to establish haematopoietic fate in early mesoderm when BMP and Wnt crosstalk is disturbed. These studies provide mechanistic insight into the integration of BMP and Wnt signalling in the establishment of haematopoietic and cardiac progenitors during embryogenesis. How both BMP and Wnt signalling pathways regulate lineage specification early in development is unclear. Here, the authors show that endoglin via Jdp2, an AP-1 family member, modulates BMP and Wnt signalling to commit mesodermal progenitors to a haematopoietic fate at the expense of the cardiac lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- June Baik
- Department of Medicine, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Alessandro Magli
- Department of Medicine, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Naoyuki Tahara
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Scott A Swanson
- Regerative Biology, Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA
| | - Naoko Koyano-Nakagawa
- Department of Medicine, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Luciene Borges
- Department of Medicine, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Ron Stewart
- Regerative Biology, Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA
| | - Daniel J Garry
- Department of Medicine, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Yasuhiko Kawakami
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - James A Thomson
- Regerative Biology, Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA
| | - Rita C R Perlingeiro
- Department of Medicine, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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E4F1-mediated control of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity is essential for skin homeostasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:11004-9. [PMID: 27621431 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1602751113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional protein E4 transcription factor 1 (E4F1) is an essential regulator of epidermal stem cell (ESC) maintenance. Here, we found that E4F1 transcriptionally regulates a metabolic program involved in pyruvate metabolism that is required to maintain skin homeostasis. E4F1 deficiency in basal keratinocytes resulted in deregulated expression of dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (Dlat), a gene encoding the E2 subunit of the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex. Accordingly, E4f1 knock-out (KO) keratinocytes exhibited impaired PDH activity and a redirection of the glycolytic flux toward lactate production. The metabolic reprogramming of E4f1 KO keratinocytes associated with remodeling of their microenvironment and alterations of the basement membrane, led to ESC mislocalization and exhaustion of the ESC pool. ShRNA-mediated depletion of Dlat in primary keratinocytes recapitulated defects observed upon E4f1 inactivation, including increased lactate secretion, enhanced activity of extracellular matrix remodeling enzymes, and impaired clonogenic potential. Altogether, our data reveal a central role for Dlat in the metabolic program regulated by E4F1 in basal keratinocytes and illustrate the importance of PDH activity in skin homeostasis.
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Kotani M, Matsuda M, Murakami A, Takahashi I, Katagiri T, Hirata M. Involvement of PRIP (Phospholipase C-Related But Catalytically Inactive Protein) in BMP-Induced Smad Signaling in Osteoblast Differentiation. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:2814-23. [PMID: 25981537 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipase C-related but catalytically inactive protein (PRIP) was first isolated as an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate binding protein. We generated PRIP gene-deficient mice which exhibited the increased bone mineral density and trabecular bone volume, indicating that PRIP is implicated in the regulation of bone properties. In this study, we investigated the possible mechanisms by which PRIP plays a role in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, by analyzing the culture of primary cells isolated from calvaria of two genotypes, the wild type and a mutant. In the mutant culture, enhanced osteoblast differentiation was observed by measuring alkaline phosphatase staining and activity. The promoter activity of Id1 gene, responding immediately to BMP, was also more increased. Smad1/5 phosphorylation in response to BMP showed an enhanced peak and was more persistent in mutant cells, but the dephosphorylation process was not different between the two genotypes. The luciferase assay using calvaria cells transfected with the Smad1 mutated as a constitutive active form showed increased transcriptional activity at similar levels between the genotypes. The expression of BMP receptors was not different between the genotypes. BMP-induced phosphorylation of Smad1/5 was robustly decreased in wild type cells, but not in mutant cells, by pretreatment with DB867, an inhibitor of methyltransferase of inhibitory Smad6. Furthermore, BMP-induced translocation of Smad6 from nucleus to cytosol was not much observed in PRIP-deficient cells. These results indicate that PRIP is implicated in BMP-induced osteoblast differentiation by the negative regulation of Smad phosphorylation, through the methylation of inhibitory Smad6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Kotani
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Division of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Miho Matsuda
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ayako Murakami
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ichiro Takahashi
- Division of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takenobu Katagiri
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Masato Hirata
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), originally identified as osteoinductive components in extracts derived from bone, are now known to play important roles in a wide array of processes during formation and maintenance of various organs including bone, cartilage, muscle, kidney, and blood vessels. BMPs and the related "growth and differentiation factors" (GDFs) are members of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family, and transduce their signals through type I and type II serine-threonine kinase receptors and their intracellular downstream effectors, including Smad proteins. Furthermore, BMP signals are finely tuned by various agonists and antagonists. Because deregulation of the BMP activity at multiple steps in signal transduction is linked to a wide variety of human diseases, therapeutic use of activators and inhibitors of BMP signaling will provide potential avenues for the treatment of the human disorders that are caused by hypo- and hyperactivation of BMP signals, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takenobu Katagiri
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Watabe
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Bio-Matrix, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
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31
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Wu M, Chen G, Li YP. TGF-β and BMP signaling in osteoblast, skeletal development, and bone formation, homeostasis and disease. Bone Res 2016; 4:16009. [PMID: 27563484 PMCID: PMC4985055 DOI: 10.1038/boneres.2016.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1026] [Impact Index Per Article: 128.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signaling has fundamental roles in both embryonic skeletal development and postnatal bone homeostasis. TGF-βs and BMPs, acting on a tetrameric receptor complex, transduce signals to both the canonical Smad-dependent signaling pathway (that is, TGF-β/BMP ligands, receptors, and Smads) and the non-canonical-Smad-independent signaling pathway (that is, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/p38 MAPK) to regulate mesenchymal stem cell differentiation during skeletal development, bone formation and bone homeostasis. Both the Smad and p38 MAPK signaling pathways converge at transcription factors, for example, Runx2 to promote osteoblast differentiation and chondrocyte differentiation from mesenchymal precursor cells. TGF-β and BMP signaling is controlled by multiple factors, including the ubiquitin–proteasome system, epigenetic factors, and microRNA. Dysregulated TGF-β and BMP signaling result in a number of bone disorders in humans. Knockout or mutation of TGF-β and BMP signaling-related genes in mice leads to bone abnormalities of varying severity, which enable a better understanding of TGF-β/BMP signaling in bone and the signaling networks underlying osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. There is also crosstalk between TGF-β/BMP signaling and several critical cytokines’ signaling pathways (for example, Wnt, Hedgehog, Notch, PTHrP, and FGF) to coordinate osteogenesis, skeletal development, and bone homeostasis. This review summarizes the recent advances in our understanding of TGF-β/BMP signaling in osteoblast differentiation, chondrocyte differentiation, skeletal development, cartilage formation, bone formation, bone homeostasis, and related human bone diseases caused by the disruption of TGF-β/BMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengrui Wu
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, USA
| | - Guiqian Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA; Department of neurology, Bruke Medical Research Institute, Weil Cornell Medicine of Cornell University, White Plains, USA
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, USA
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Huang C, Geng J, Wei X, Zhang R, Jiang S. MiR-144-3p regulates osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of murine mesenchymal stem cells by specifically targetingSmad4. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:795-807. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry; College of Animal Science and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Wuhan China
| | - Junnan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry; College of Animal Science and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Wuhan China
| | - Xiajie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry; College of Animal Science and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Wuhan China
| | - Ruirui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry; College of Animal Science and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Wuhan China
| | - Siwen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry; College of Animal Science and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Wuhan China
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33
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Oral biosciences: The annual review 2015. J Oral Biosci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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34
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Kokabu S, Tsuchiya-Hirata S, Fukushima H, Sugiyama G, Lowery JW, Katagiri T, Jimi E. Inhibition of bone morphogenetic protein-induced osteoblast differentiation. J Oral Biosci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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35
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Bone morphogenetic protein-induced heterotopic bone formation: What have we learned from the history of a half century? JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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36
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The Transcription Factor E4F1 Coordinates CHK1-Dependent Checkpoint and Mitochondrial Functions. Cell Rep 2015; 11:220-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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Wong KA, Trembley M, Abd Wahab S, Viczian AS. Efficient retina formation requires suppression of both Activin and BMP signaling pathways in pluripotent cells. Biol Open 2015; 4:573-83. [PMID: 25750435 PMCID: PMC4400599 DOI: 10.1242/bio.20149977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Retina formation requires the correct spatiotemporal patterning of key regulatory factors. While it is known that repression of several signaling pathways lead to specification of retinal fates, addition of only Noggin, a known BMP antagonist, can convert pluripotent Xenopus laevis animal cap cells to functional retinal cells. The aim of this study is to determine the intracellular molecular events that occur during this conversion. Surprisingly, blocking BMP signaling alone failed to mimic Noggin treatment. Overexpressing Noggin in pluripotent cells resulted in a concentration-dependent suppression of both Smad1 and Smad2 phosphorylation, which act downstream of BMP and Activin signaling, respectively. This caused a decrease in downstream targets: endothelial marker, xk81, and mesodermal marker, xbra. We treated pluripotent cells with dominant-negative receptors or the chemical inhibitors, dorsomorphin and SB431542, which each target either the BMP or Activin signaling pathway. We determined the effect of these treatments on retina formation using the Animal Cap Transplant (ACT) assay; in which treated pluripotent cells were transplanted into the eye field of host embryos. We found that inhibition of Activin signaling, in the presence of BMP signaling inhibition, promotes efficient retinal specification in Xenopus tissue, mimicking the affect of adding Noggin alone. In whole embryos, we found that the eye field marker, rax, expanded when adding both dominant-negative Smad1 and Smad2, as did treating the cells with both dorsomorphin and SB431542. Future studies could translate these findings to a mammalian culture assay, in order to more efficiently produce retinal cells in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Wong
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA The Center for Vision Research, SUNY Eye Institute, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Michael Trembley
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Syafiq Abd Wahab
- Department of Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Andrea S Viczian
- Department of Ophthalmology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA The Center for Vision Research, SUNY Eye Institute, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
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Fujimoto M, Ohte S, Osawa K, Miyamoto A, Tsukamoto S, Mizuta T, Kokabu S, Suda N, Katagiri T. Mutant activin-like kinase 2 in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva are activated via T203 by BMP type II receptors. Mol Endocrinol 2015; 29:140-52. [PMID: 25354296 PMCID: PMC5414771 DOI: 10.1210/me.2014-1301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a genetic disorder characterized by progressive heterotopic ossification in soft tissues, such as the skeletal muscles. FOP has been shown to be caused by gain-of-function mutations in activin receptor-like kinase (ALK)-2, which is a type I receptor for bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). In the present study, we examined the molecular mechanisms that underlie the activation of intracellular signaling by mutant ALK2. Mutant ALK2 from FOP patients enhanced the activation of intracellular signaling by type II BMP receptors, such as BMPR-II and activin receptor, type II B, whereas that from heart disease patients did not. This enhancement was dependent on the kinase activity of the type II receptors. Substitution mutations at all nine serine and threonine residues in the ALK2 glycine- and serine-rich domain simultaneously inhibited this enhancement by the type II receptors. Of the nine serine and threonine residues in ALK2, T203 was found to be critical for the enhancement by type II receptors. The T203 residue was conserved in all of the BMP type I receptors, and these residues were essential for intracellular signal transduction in response to ligand stimulation. The phosphorylation levels of the mutant ALK2 related to FOP were higher than those of wild-type ALK2 and were further increased by the presence of type II receptors. The phosphorylation levels of ALK2 were greatly reduced in mutants carrying a mutation at T203, even in the presence of type II receptors. These findings suggest that the mutant ALK2 related to FOP is enhanced by BMP type II receptors via the T203-regulated phosphorylation of ALK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Fujimoto
- Division of Pathophysiology (M.F., S.O., K.O., A.M., S.T., T.M., S.K., T.K.), Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan; Division of Orthodontics (M.F., N.S.), Department of Human Development and Fostering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado-shi, Saitama 350-0283, Japan; Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry (S.K.), Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyusyu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan
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Tsukamoto S, Mizuta T, Fujimoto M, Ohte S, Osawa K, Miyamoto A, Yoneyama K, Murata E, Machiya A, Jimi E, Kokabu S, Katagiri T. Smad9 is a new type of transcriptional regulator in bone morphogenetic protein signaling. Sci Rep 2014; 4:7596. [PMID: 25534700 PMCID: PMC4274517 DOI: 10.1038/srep07596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Smad1, Smad5 and Smad9 (also known as Smad8) are activated by phosphorylation by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-bound type I receptor kinases. We examined the role of Smad1, Smad5, and Smad9 by creating constitutively active forms (Smad(DVD)). Transcriptional activity of Smad9(DVD) was lower than that of Smad1(DVD) or Smad5(DVD), even though all three Smad(DVD)s associated with Smad4 and bound to the target DNA. The linker region of Smad9 was sufficient to reduce transcriptional activity. Smad9 expression was increased by the activation of BMP signaling, similar to that of inhibitory Smads (I-Smads), and Smad9 reduced BMP activity. In contrast to I-Smads, however, Smad9 did not inhibit the type I receptor kinase and suppressed the constitutively active Smad1(DVD). Smad9 formed complexes with Smad1 and bound to DNA but suppressed the transcription of the target gene. Taken together, our findings suggest that Smad9 is a new type of transcriptional regulator in BMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Tsukamoto
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - T. Mizuta
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - M. Fujimoto
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - S. Ohte
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - K. Osawa
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - A. Miyamoto
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - K. Yoneyama
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - E. Murata
- School of Medical Technology and Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Care, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - A. Machiya
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - E. Jimi
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan
| | - S. Kokabu
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - T. Katagiri
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
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Fujimoto M, Ohte S, Shin M, Yoneyama K, Osawa K, Miyamoto A, Tsukamoto S, Mizuta T, Kokabu S, Machiya A, Okuda A, Suda N, Katagiri T. Establishment of a novel model of chondrogenesis using murine embryonic stem cells carrying fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva-associated mutant ALK2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 455:347-52. [PMID: 25446088 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a genetic disorder characterized by heterotopic endochondral ossification in soft tissue. A mutation in the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor ALK2, R206H, has been identified in patients with typical FOP. In the present study, we established murine embryonic stem (ES) cells that express wild-type human ALK2 or typical mutant human ALK2 [ALK2(R206H)] under the control of the Tet-Off system. Although wild-type ALK2 and mutant ALK2(R206H) were expressed in response to a withdrawal of doxycycline (Dox), BMP signaling was activated only in the mutant ALK2(R206H)-expressing cells without the addition of exogenous BMPs. The Dox-dependent induction of BMP signaling was blocked by a specific kinase inhibitor of the BMP receptor. The mutant ALK2(R206H)-carrying cells showed Dox-regulated chondrogenesis in vitro, which occurred in co-operation with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Overall, our ES cells are useful for studying the molecular mechanisms of heterotopic ossification in FOP in vitro and for developing novel inhibitors of chondrogenesis induced by mutant ALK2(R206H) associated with FOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Fujimoto
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan; Division of Orthodontics, Department of Human Development and Fostering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado-shi, Saitama 350-0283, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ohte
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Masashi Shin
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Katsumi Yoneyama
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Kenji Osawa
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Arei Miyamoto
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Sho Tsukamoto
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Takato Mizuta
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Kokabu
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Aiko Machiya
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan; Division of Orthodontics, Department of Human Development and Fostering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado-shi, Saitama 350-0283, Japan
| | - Akihiko Okuda
- Division of Developmental Biology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Naoto Suda
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Human Development and Fostering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado-shi, Saitama 350-0283, Japan
| | - Takenobu Katagiri
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan.
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Yukita A. Regulation of BMP-induced osteoblastic differentiation by Ubc9 knockdown-mediated inhibition of SUMO modification. J Oral Biosci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kokabu S, Sato T, Ohte S, Enoki Y, Okubo M, Hayashi N, Nojima J, Tsukamoto S, Fukushima Y, Sakata Y, Katagiri T, Rosen V, Yoda T. Expression of TLE3 by bone marrow stromal cells is regulated by canonical Wnt signaling. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:614-9. [PMID: 24444608 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Transducing-like enhancer of split 3 (TLE3), one of the Groucho/TLE family members, targets Runx2 transcription and suppresses osteoblast differentiation in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Here, we identify Wnt responsive elements of the TLE3 promoter region through comparative genomic and functional analyses and show that expression of TLE3 is increased by Wnt signaling, which is important for osteoblast differentiation. We also demonstrated that TLE3 is able to suppress canonical Wnt signaling in BMSCs. Taken together, our data suggest that induction of TLE3 by Wnt signaling is part of a negative feedback loop active during osteoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichiro Kokabu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Saitama 350-0495, Japan; Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Tsuyoshi Sato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ohte
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yuichiro Enoki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Masahiko Okubo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Junya Nojima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Sho Tsukamoto
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Yosuke Fukushima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Sakata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Takenobu Katagiri
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Vicki Rosen
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tetsuya Yoda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
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The clinical use of bone morphogenetic proteins revisited: a novel biocompatible carrier device OSTEOGROW for bone healing. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2013; 38:635-47. [PMID: 24352822 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-013-2201-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to revise the clinical use of commercial BMP2 (Infuse) and BMP7 (Osigraft) based bone devices and explore the mechanism of action and efficacy of low BMP6 doses in a novel whole blood biocompatible device OSTEOGROW. METHODS Complications from the clinical use of BMP2 and BMP7 have been systemically reviewed in light of their role in bone remodeling. BMP6 function has been assessed in Bmp6-/- mice by μCT and skeletal histology, and has also been examined in mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and osteoclasts. Safety and efficacy of OSTEOGROW have been assessed in rats and rabbits. RESULTS Clinical use issues of BMP2 and BMP7 have been ascribed to the limited understanding of their role in bone remodeling at the time of device development for clinical trials. BMP2 and BMP7 in bone devices significantly promote bone resorption leading to osteolysis at the endosteal surfaces, while in parallel stimulating exuberant bone formation in surrounding tissues. Unbound BMP2 and BMP7 in bone devices precipitate on the bovine collagen and cause inflammation and swelling. OSTEOGROW required small amounts of BMP6, applied in a biocompatible blood coagulum carrier, for stimulating differentiation of MSCs and accelerated healing of critical size bone defects in animals, without bone resorption and inflammation. BMP6 decreased the number of osteoclasts derived from HSC, while BMP2 and BMP7 increased their number. CONCLUSIONS Current issues and challenges with commercial bone devices may be resolved by using novel BMP6 biocompatible device OSTEOGROW, which will be clinically tested in metaphyseal bone fractures, compartments where BMP2 and BMP7 have not been effective.
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Kurebayashi N, Sato M, Fujisawa T, Fukushima K, Tamura M. Regulation of neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor expression by bone morphogenetic protein 2 in C2C12 myoblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 439:506-10. [PMID: 24025680 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The neuropeptide Y (NPY) system is known as one of the major neural signaling pathways. NPY, produced by peripheral tissues including osteoblasts, is known to bind to the Y1 receptor. Recently, osteoblast-specific Y1 receptor knockout mice were developed and were found to have a high bone mass phenotype, indicating a role for the NPY-Y1 receptor axis as a regulator of bone homeostasis. However, regulation of Y1 receptor expression during osteoblastic differentiation remains unexplored. In the present study, we examined the role of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2 signaling in regulating Y1 receptor expression. In C2C12 cells, expression of Y1 receptor mRNA was induced by BMP2. This induction was also observed after co-transfection with Smad1 and Smad4, the intracellular signaling molecules of the BMP2 signaling pathway. In a transfection assay, Smad1/4 up-regulated transcriptional activity through interaction with the Y1 receptor gene promoter. Following transfection of MC3T3-E1 cells with siRNA for the Y1 receptor, the expression of alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, Runx2 and osterix were increased. These results show that BMP2 signaling regulates Y1 receptor gene expression, and raises the possibility that NPY acts in osteoblasts via an autocrine mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Kurebayashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan; Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
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Kokabu S, Nguyen T, Ohte S, Sato T, Katagiri T, Yoda T, Rosen V. TLE3, transducing-like enhancer of split 3, suppresses osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 438:205-10. [PMID: 23880346 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In senile osteoporosis the balance of adipogenesis and osteoblastogenesis in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) is disrupted so that adipogenesis is increased with respect to osteoblastogenesis, and as a result, bone mass is decreased. While the molecular mechanisms controlling the balance between osteoblastogenesis and adipogenesis are of great interest, the exact nature of the signals regulating this process remains to be determined. In general, adipogenesis is a reciprocal relationship with osteoblastogenesis in BMSCs. Recently transducin-like enhancer of split 3 (TLE3), was reported to enhance adipogenesis in pre adipocytes. However, the effect of TLE3 on osteoblast differentiation of BMSCs is completely unknown. Here we report that TLE3 not only enhances adipocyte differentiation in BMSCs but also suppresses osteoblast differentiation. Firstly we examined the expression and localization of TLE3. We found that TLE3 is expressed in the nucleus of bone marrow stromal cells and that over-expression of TLE3 induced adipocyte differentiation and suppressed ALP activity induced by treatment with BMP2 in these cells. In contrast, adipocyte differentiation was decreased and ALP activity increased when endogenous TLE3 was knocked down by shRNA in BMSCs. To examine the mechanism by which TLE3 is able to suppress osteoblast differentiation, we focused on Runx2, a transcription factor essential for osteoblast differentiation. We found that TLE3 strongly suppressed ALP activity and OSE2-luciferase activity induced by Runx2 and this repression of Runx2 by TLE3 occurs via HDACs because treatment with TSA, a class I and II HDAC inhibitor, rescued this repression. In conclusion, we identify TLE3 as a suppressor of BMSC differentiation in osteoblast lineage cells in vitro. Our data suggest that TLE3 activity may be a key in balancing adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation in the adult bone marrow microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichiro Kokabu
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Interaction of Wnt Signaling with BMP/Smad Signaling during the Transition from Cell Proliferation to Myogenic Differentiation in Mouse Myoblast-Derived Cells. Int J Cell Biol 2013; 2013:616294. [PMID: 23864860 PMCID: PMC3705783 DOI: 10.1155/2013/616294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Wnt signaling is involved in muscle formation through β-catenin-dependent or -independent pathways, but interactions with other signaling pathways including transforming growth factor β/Smad have not been precisely elucidated. Results. As Wnt4 stimulates myogenic differentiation by antagonizing myostatin (GDF8) activity, we examined the role of Wnt4 signaling during muscle differentiation in the C2C12 myoblast cell line. Among several extrinsic signaling molecules examined in a microarray analysis of C2C12 cells during the transition from cell proliferation to differentiation after mitogen deprivation, bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) expression was prominently increased. Wnt4 overexpression had similar effects on BMP4 expression. BMP4 was able to inhibit muscle differentiation when added to the culture medium. BMP4 and noggin had no effects on the cellular localization of β-catenin induced by Wnt3a; however, the BMP4-induced phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8 was enhanced by Wnt4, but not by Wnt3a. The BMP antagonist noggin effectively stimulated muscle differentiation through binding to endogenous BMPs, and the effect of noggin was enhanced by the presence of Wnt3a and Wnt4. Conclusion. These results suggest that BMP/Smad pathways are modified through Wnt signaling during the transition from progenitor cell proliferation to myogenic differentiation, although Wnt/β-catenin signaling is not modified with BMP/Smad signaling.
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LIANG WENNA, LIN MUNAN, LI XIHAI, LI CANDONG, GAO BIZHENG, GAN HUIJUAN, YANG ZHAOYANG, LIN XUEJUAN, LIAO LINGHONG, YANG MIN. Icariin promotes bone formation via the BMP-2/Smad4 signal transduction pathway in the hFOB 1.19 human osteoblastic cell line. Int J Mol Med 2012; 30:889-95. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2012.1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Tanaka KI, Inoue Y, Hendy GN, Canaff L, Katagiri T, Kitazawa R, Komori T, Sugimoto T, Seino S, Kaji H. Interaction of Tmem119 and the bone morphogenetic protein pathway in the commitment of myoblastic into osteoblastic cells. Bone 2012; 51:158-67. [PMID: 22579779 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2012.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Revised: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are critical for bone regeneration and induce ectopic bone formation in vivo. The constitutively activating mutation (R206H) of the BMP type 1 receptor, activin A type 1 receptor/activin-like kinase 2 (ACVR1/ALK2), underlies the molecular pathogenesis of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) in which heterotopic ossification occurs in muscle tissue. In the present study, we performed a comparative DNA microarray analysis between stable empty vector- and ALK2(R206H)-transfected mouse myoblastic C2C12 cells. Forty genes were identified whose expression was increased >3.5 times in the experimental group versus the control. The bone formation-related factor, Tmem119, was included in this group. Osteoblast differentiation markers and mineralization were enhanced in C2C12 cells stably expressing Tmem119. Differentiation of myoblastic cells into myotubes was suppressed but differentiation into chondrocytes was little affected. Transcriptional activity of the BMP-2 signaling molecules, Smad1/5, was increased even in the absence of exogenous BMP-2. Endogenous BMP-2 levels positively correlated with Tmem119 levels. A BMP-2/4 neutralizing antibody and dorsomorphin, an ALK2 inhibitor, antagonized Tmem119-enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels. Tmem119 siRNA antagonized the BMP-2-induced ALP and osteocalcin, but not Runx2 and Osterix, mRNAs, in C2C12 cells. In conclusion, Tmem119 levels were increased by the FOP-associated constitutively activating ALK2 mutation in myoblasts. The data show that Tmem119 promotes the differentiation of myoblasts into osteoblasts and the interaction with the BMP signaling pathway likely occurs downstream of Runx2 and Osterix in myoblasts. Tmem119 may play a critical role in the commitment of myoprogenitor cells to the osteoblast lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-ichiro Tanaka
- Division of Diabetes, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
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Ohte S, Kokabu S, Iemura SI, Sasanuma H, Yoneyama K, Shin M, Suzuki S, Fukuda T, Nakamura Y, Jimi E, Natsume T, Katagiri T. Identification and functional analysis of Zranb2 as a novel Smad-binding protein that suppresses BMP signaling. J Cell Biochem 2012; 113:808-14. [PMID: 22021003 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.23408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Smads 1/5/8 transduce the major intracellular signaling of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). In the present study, we analyzed Smad1-binding proteins in HEK293T cells using a proteomic technique and identified the protein, zinc-finger, RAN-binding domain-containing protein 2 (ZRANB2). Zranb2 interacted strongly with Smad1, Smad5, and Smad8 and weakly with Smad4. The overexpression of Zranb2 inhibited BMP activities in C2C12 myoblasts in vitro, and the injection of Zranb2 mRNA into zebrafish embryos induced weak dorsalization. Deletion analyses of Zranb2 indicated that the serine/arginine-rich (SR) domain and the glutamine-rich domain were required for the inhibition of BMP activity and the interaction with Smad1, respectively. Zranb2 was found to be localized in the nucleus; however, the SR domain-deleted mutant localized to the cytoplasm. The knockdown of endogenous Zranb2 in C2C12 cells enhanced BMP activity. Zranb2 suppressed Smad transcriptional activity without affecting Smad phosphorylation, nuclear localization, or DNA binding. Taken together, these findings suggested that Zranb2 is a novel BMP suppressor that forms a complex with Smads in the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Ohte
- Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama, 350-1241, Japan
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