1
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Rumian NL, Barker CM, Larsen ME, Tullis JE, Freund RK, Taslimi A, Coultrap SJ, Tucker CL, Dell'Acqua ML, Bayer KU. LTP expression mediated by autonomous activity of GluN2B-bound CaMKII. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114866. [PMID: 39395168 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Learning and memory are thought to require the induction and maintenance of long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic strength. LTP induction requires the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) but for structural rather than enzymatic functions. We show that the relevant structural function is regulated by CaMKII binding to the NMDA-type glutamate receptor subunit GluN2B. This binding directly generates Ca2+-independent autonomous CaMKII activity, and we show that this enzymatic activity is dispensable for LTP induction (within 5 min) but required for a subsequent LTP phase (within 15 min). This requirement for CaMKII activity provides an objective temporal definition for the intermediary phase of LTP expression. Later LTP maintenance may still require structural functions of GluN2B-bound CaMKII but not the resulting enzymatic CaMKII activity or their co-condensation. Thus, autonomous CaMKII activity mediates post-induction LTP but (1) via GluN2B binding, not T286 autophosphorylation, and (2) during the intermediary expression phase rather than for long-term maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Rumian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - C Madison Barker
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Matthew E Larsen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jonathan E Tullis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ronald K Freund
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Amir Taslimi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Steven J Coultrap
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Chandra L Tucker
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Mark L Dell'Acqua
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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2
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Narayanan D, Larsen ASG, Gauger SJ, Adafia R, Hammershøi RB, Hamborg L, Bruus-Jensen J, Griem-Krey N, Gee CL, Frølund B, Stratton MM, Kuriyan J, Kastrup JS, Langkilde AE, Wellendorph P, Solbak SMØ. Ligand-induced CaMKIIα hub Trp403 flip, hub domain stacking, and modulation of kinase activity. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e5152. [PMID: 39275999 PMCID: PMC11400628 DOI: 10.1002/pro.5152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024]
Abstract
γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) analogs are small molecules that bind competitively to a specific cavity in the oligomeric CaMKIIα hub domain. Binding affects conformation and stability of the hub domain, which may explain the neuroprotective action of some of these compounds. Here, we describe molecular details of interaction of the larger-type GHB analog 2-(6-(4-chlorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine-2-yl)acetic acid (PIPA). Like smaller-type analogs, PIPA binding to the CaMKIIα hub domain promoted thermal stability. PIPA additionally modulated CaMKIIα activity under sub-maximal CaM concentrations and ultimately led to reduced substrate phosphorylation. A high-resolution X-ray crystal structure of a stabilized CaMKIIα (6x mutant) hub construct revealed details of the binding mode of PIPA, which involved outward placement of tryptophan 403 (Trp403), a central residue in a flexible loop close to the upper hub cavity. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) solution structures and mass photometry of the CaMKIIα wild-type hub domain in the presence of PIPA revealed a high degree of ordered self-association (stacks of CaMKIIα hub domains). This stacking neither occurred with the smaller compound 3-hydroxycyclopent-1-enecarboxylic acid (HOCPCA), nor when Trp403 was replaced with leucine (W403L). Additionally, CaMKIIα W403L hub was stabilized to a larger extent by PIPA compared to CaMKIIα hub wild type, indicating that loop flexibility is important for holoenzyme stability. Thus, we propose that ligand-induced outward placement of Trp403 by PIPA, which promotes an unforeseen mechanism of hub domain stacking, may be involved in the observed reduction in CaMKIIα kinase activity. Altogether, this sheds new light on allosteric regulation of CaMKIIα activity via the hub domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Narayanan
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Sofie G Larsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine Juul Gauger
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ruth Adafia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
- Chemistry-Biology Interface Training Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rikke Bartschick Hammershøi
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise Hamborg
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Bruus-Jensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nane Griem-Krey
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christine L Gee
- HHMI, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bente Frølund
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Margaret M Stratton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John Kuriyan
- HHMI, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Jette Sandholm Kastrup
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annette E Langkilde
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Petrine Wellendorph
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sara M Ø Solbak
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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3
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Burch AM, Garcia JD, O'Leary H, Haas A, Orfila JE, Tiemeier E, Chalmers N, Smith KR, Quillinan N, Herson PS. TRPM2 and CaMKII Signaling Drives Excessive GABAergic Synaptic Inhibition Following Ischemia. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1762232024. [PMID: 38565288 PMCID: PMC11079974 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1762-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Excitotoxicity and the concurrent loss of inhibition are well-defined mechanisms driving acute elevation in excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance and neuronal cell death following an ischemic insult to the brain. Despite the high prevalence of long-term disability in survivors of global cerebral ischemia (GCI) as a consequence of cardiac arrest, it remains unclear whether E/I imbalance persists beyond the acute phase and negatively affects functional recovery. We previously demonstrated sustained impairment of long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal CA1 neurons correlating with deficits in learning and memory tasks in a murine model of cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR). Here, we use CA/CPR and an in vitro ischemia model to elucidate mechanisms by which E/I imbalance contributes to ongoing hippocampal dysfunction in male mice. We reveal increased postsynaptic GABAA receptor (GABAAR) clustering and function in the CA1 region of the hippocampus that reduces the E/I ratio. Importantly, reduced GABAAR clustering observed in the first 24 h rebounds to an elevation of GABAergic clustering by 3 d postischemia. This increase in GABAergic inhibition required activation of the Ca2+-permeable ion channel transient receptor potential melastatin-2 (TRPM2), previously implicated in persistent LTP and memory deficits following CA/CPR. Furthermore, we find Ca2+-signaling, likely downstream of TRPM2 activation, upregulates Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) activity, thereby driving the elevation of postsynaptic inhibitory function. Thus, we propose a novel mechanism by which inhibitory synaptic strength is upregulated in the context of ischemia and identify TRPM2 and CaMKII as potential pharmacological targets to restore perturbed synaptic plasticity and ameliorate cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia M Burch
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Joshua D Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Heather O'Leary
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Ami Haas
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - James E Orfila
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Erika Tiemeier
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Nicholas Chalmers
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Katharine R Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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Brown CN, Bayer KU. Studying CaMKII: Tools and standards. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113982. [PMID: 38517893 PMCID: PMC11088445 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a ubiquitous mediator of cellular Ca2+ signals with both enzymatic and structural functions. Here, we briefly introduce the complex regulation of CaMKII and then provide a comprehensive overview of the expanding toolbox to study CaMKII. Beyond a variety of distinct mutants, these tools now include optical methods for measurement and manipulation, with the latter including light-induced inhibition, stimulation, and sequestration. Perhaps most importantly, there are now three mechanistically distinct classes of specific CaMKII inhibitors, and their combined use enables the interrogation of CaMKII functions in a manner that is powerful and sophisticated yet also accessible. This review aims to provide guidelines for the interpretation of the results obtained with these tools, with careful consideration of their direct and indirect effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Nicole Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Karl Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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5
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刘 昊, 林 子, 叶 靖. [PI3K/Akt/Erk signaling pathway mediates neuroprotection of CaMKⅡγ and CaMKⅡδ against ischemic reperfusion injury in mice]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2024; 44:563-570. [PMID: 38597448 PMCID: PMC11006692 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2024.03.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe neuroprotective effects of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase Ⅱ (CaMK Ⅱ)γ and CaMkII δ against acute neuronal ischemic reperfusion injury in mice and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS Primary cultures of brain neurons isolated from fetal mice (gestational age of 18 days) were transfected with two specific siRNAs (si-CAMK2G and si-CAMK2D) or a control sequence (si-NT). After the transfection, the cells were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) conditions for 1 h followed by routine culture. The expressions of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (PI3K/Akt/Erk) signaling pathway components in the neurons were detected using immunoblotting. The expressions of the PI3K/Akt/Erk signaling pathway proteins were also detected in the brain tissues of mice receiving middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) or sham operation. RESULTS The neuronal cells transfected with siCAMK2G showed significantly lower survival rates than those with si-NT transfection at 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after OGD/R (P < 0.01), and si-CAMK2G transfection inhibited OGD/R-induced upregulation of CaMKⅡγ expression. Compared to si-NT, transfection with si-CAMK2G and si-CAMK2D both significantly inhibited the expressions of PI3K/Akt/Erk signaling pathway components (P < 0.01). In the mouse models of MCAO, the expressions of CaMKⅡδ and CaMKⅡγ were significantly increased in the brain, where activation of the PI3K/Akt/Erk signaling pathway was detected. The expression levels of CaMKⅡδ, CaMKⅡγ, Erk, phosphorylated Erk, Akt, and phosphorylated Akt were all significantly higher in MCAO mice than in the sham-operated mice at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after reperfusion (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The neuroprotective effects of CaMKⅡδ and CaMKⅡγ against acute neuronal ischemic reperfusion injury are mediated probably by the PI3K/Akt/Erk pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- 昊铭 刘
- 南方医科大学南方医院麻醉科,广东 广州 510515Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- 佛山市第一人民医院麻醉科,广东 佛山 528000Foshan First People's Hospital, Foshan 528000, China
| | - 子诗 林
- 南方医科大学南方医院麻醉科,广东 广州 510515Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- 南方医科大学珠江医院麻醉科,广东 广州 510260Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - 靖 叶
- 南方医科大学南方医院麻醉科,广东 广州 510515Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- 南方医科大学珠江医院麻醉科,广东 广州 510260Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
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6
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Đorović Đ, Lazarevic V, Aranđelović J, Stevanović V, Paslawski W, Zhang X, Velimirović M, Petronijević N, Puškaš L, Savić MM, Svenningsson P. Maternal deprivation causes CaMKII downregulation and modulates glutamate, norepinephrine and serotonin in limbic brain areas in a rat model of single prolonged stress. J Affect Disord 2024; 349:286-296. [PMID: 38199412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early life stress is a major risk factor for later development of psychiatric disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). An intricate relationship exists between various neurotransmitters (such as glutamate, norepinephrine or serotonin), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), as an important regulator of glutamatergic synaptic function, and PTSD. Here, we developed a double-hit model to investigate the interaction of maternal deprivation (MD) as an early life stress model and single prolonged stress (SPS) as a PTSD model at the behavioral and molecular levels. METHODS Male Wistar rats exposed to these stress paradigms were subjected to a comprehensive behavioral analysis. In hippocampal synaptosomes we investigated neurotransmitter release and glutamate concentration. The expression of CaMKII and the content of monoamines were determined in selected brain regions. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA was quantified by radioactive in situ hybridization. RESULTS We report a distinct behavioral phenotype in the double-hit group. Double-hit and SPS groups had decreased hippocampal presynaptic glutamatergic function. In hippocampus, double-hit stress caused a decrease in autophosphorylation of CaMKII. In prefrontal cortex, both SPS and double-hit stress had a similar effect on CaMKII autophosphorylation. Double-hit stress, rather than SPS, affected the norepinephrine and serotonin levels in prefrontal cortex, and suppressed BDNF gene expression in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. LIMITATIONS The study was conducted in male rats only. The affected brain regions cannot be restricted to hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and amygdala. CONCLUSION Double-hit stress caused more pronounced and distinct behavioral, molecular and functional changes, compared to MD or SPS alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Đorđe Đorović
- Neuro Svenningsson, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Anatomy "Niko Miljanic", School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Vesna Lazarevic
- Neuro Svenningsson, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jovana Aranđelović
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 450 Vojvode Stepe St, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Stevanović
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 450 Vojvode Stepe St, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Wojciech Paslawski
- Neuro Svenningsson, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaoqun Zhang
- Neuro Svenningsson, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Milica Velimirović
- Institute of Clinical and Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nataša Petronijević
- Institute of Clinical and Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Laslo Puškaš
- Institute of Anatomy "Niko Miljanic", School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miroslav M Savić
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 450 Vojvode Stepe St, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Neuro Svenningsson, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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7
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Tullis JE, Larsen ME, Rumian NL, Freund RK, Boxer EE, Brown CN, Coultrap SJ, Schulman H, Aoto J, Dell'Acqua ML, Bayer KU. LTP induction by structural rather than enzymatic functions of CaMKII. Nature 2023; 621:146-153. [PMID: 37648853 PMCID: PMC10482691 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Learning and memory are thought to require hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), and one of the few central dogmas of molecular neuroscience that has stood undisputed for more than three decades is that LTP induction requires enzymatic activity of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)1-3. However, as we delineate here, the experimental evidence is surprisingly far from conclusive. All previous interventions inhibiting enzymatic CaMKII activity and LTP4-8 also interfere with structural CaMKII roles, in particular binding to the NMDA-type glutamate receptor subunit GluN2B9-14. Thus, we here characterized and utilized complementary sets of new opto-/pharmaco-genetic tools to distinguish between enzymatic and structural CaMKII functions. Several independent lines of evidence demonstrated LTP induction by a structural function of CaMKII rather than by its enzymatic activity. The sole contribution of kinase activity was autoregulation of this structural role via T286 autophosphorylation, which explains why this distinction has been elusive for decades. Directly initiating the structural function in a manner that circumvented this T286 role was sufficient to elicit robust LTP, even when enzymatic CaMKII activity was blocked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan E Tullis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Matthew E Larsen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nicole L Rumian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ronald K Freund
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Emma E Boxer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Carolyn Nicole Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Steven J Coultrap
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Howard Schulman
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jason Aoto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mark L Dell'Acqua
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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8
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Gao X, Lin J, Sun L, Hu J, Gao W, Yu J. Activation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIα signal in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex is involved in pain-related aversion in rats with peripheral nerve injury. Behav Brain Res 2023; 452:114560. [PMID: 37394125 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) of rat brain is associated with pain-related emotions. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II (CaMKII)α signal on pain-related aversion in the rACC of a rat model of neuropathic pain (NP). Mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia were examined using von Frey and hot plate tests in a rat model of NP induced by spared nerve injury (SNI) of the unilateral sciatic nerve. Bilateral rACC pretreatment with the CaMKII inhibitor tat-CN21 (derived from the cell-penetrating tat sequence and CaM-KIIN amino acids 43-63) or tat-Ctrl (the tat sequence and the scrambled sequence of CN21) was performed on postoperative days 29-35 in Sham rats or rats with SNI. Spatial memory performance was tested using an eight-arm radial maze on postoperative days 34-35. Pain-related negative emotions (aversions) were evaluated using the place escape/avoidance paradigm on postoperative day 35 following the spatial memory performance test. The percentage of time spent in the light area was used to assess pain-related negative emotions (i.e., aversion). The expression levels of the NMDA receptor GluN2B subunit, CaMKIIα, and CaMKII-Threonine at position 286 (Thr286) phosphorylation in contralateral rACC specimens were detected by Western blot or real time PCR following the aversion test. Our data showed that pretreatment of the rACC with tat-CN21 increased determinate behavior but did not alter hyperalgesia or spatial memory performance in rats with SNI. In addition, tat-CN21 reversed the enhanced CaMKII-Thr286 phosphorylation and had no effect on the upregulated expression of GluN2B, CaMKIIα protein, and mRNA. Our data suggested that activation of the NMDA receptor-CaMKIIα signal in rACC is associated with pain-related aversion in rats with NP. These data may provide a new approach for the development of drugs that modulate cognitive and emotional pain aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqi Gao
- Experimental Center for Medical Research, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Jinhai Lin
- Experimental Center for Medical Research, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Lin Sun
- School of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang 261044, China
| | - Wenjie Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang 261044, China
| | - Jianfeng Yu
- Experimental Center for Medical Research, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
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9
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Sun X, Cao J, Chen Z, Liu Y, VonCannon JL, Cheng HJ, Ferrario CM, Cheng CP. Increased CaMKII activation and contrast changes of cardiac β1-and β3-Adrenergic signaling pathways in a humanized angiotensinogen model of hypertension. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17851. [PMID: 37456012 PMCID: PMC10344767 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Upregulation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) contributes to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, including hypertension. Transgenic rats expressing the human angiotensinogen gene [TGR (hAGT)L1623] are a new novel humanized model of hypertension that associates with declines in cardiac contractile function and β-adrenergic receptor (AR) reserve. The molecular mechanisms are unclear. We tested the hypothesis that in TGR (hAGT)L1623 rats, left ventricular (LV) myocyte CaMKIIδ and β3-AR are upregulated, but β1-AR is down-regulated, which are important causes of cardiac dysfunction and β-AR desensitization. Main methods We compared LV myocyte CaMKIIδ, CaMKIIδ phosphorylation (at Thr287) (pCaMKIIδ), and β1-and β3-AR expressions and determined myocyte functional and [Ca2+]I transient ([Ca2+]iT) responses to β-AR stimulation with and without pretreatment of myocytes using an inhibitor of CaMKII, KN-93 (10-6 M, 30 min) in male Sprague Dawley (SD; N = 10) control and TGR (hAGT)L1623 (N = 10) adult rats. Key findings Hypertension in TGR (hAGT)L1623 rats was accompanied by significantly increased LV myocyte β3-AR protein levels and reduced β1-AR protein levels. CaMKIIδ phosphorylation (at Thr287), pCaMKIIδ was significantly increased by 35%. These changes were followed by significantly reduced basal cell contraction (dL/dtmax), relaxation (dR/dtmax), and [Ca2+]iT. Isoproterenol (10-8 M) produced significantly smaller increases in dL/dtmax, dR/dtmax, and [Ca2+]iT. Moreover, only in TGR (hAGT)L1623 rats, pretreatment of LV myocytes with KN-93 (10-6 M, 30 min) fully restored normal basal and isoproterenol-stimulated myocyte contraction, relaxation, and [Ca2+]iT. Significance LV myocyte CaMKIIδ overactivation with associated contrast changes in β3-AR and β1-AR may be the key molecular mechanism for the abnormal contractile phenotype and β-AR desensitization in this humanized model of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yixi Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jessica L. VonCannon
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Heng Jie Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Carlos M. Ferrario
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Che Ping Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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10
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Ge Y, Wang YT. GluN2B-containing NMDARs in the mammalian brain: pharmacology, physiology, and pathology. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1190324. [PMID: 37324591 PMCID: PMC10264587 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1190324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) is critical for promoting physiological synaptic plasticity and neuronal viability. As a major subpopulation of the NMDAR, the GluN2B subunit-containing NMDARs have distinct pharmacological properties, physiological functions, and pathological relevance to neurological diseases compared with other NMDAR subtypes. In mature neurons, GluN2B-containing NMDARs are likely expressed as both diheteromeric and triheteromeric receptors, though the functional importance of each subpopulation has yet to be disentangled. Moreover, the C-terminal region of the GluN2B subunit forms structural complexes with multiple intracellular signaling proteins. These protein complexes play critical roles in both activity-dependent synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival and death signaling, thus serving as the molecular substrates underlying multiple physiological functions. Accordingly, dysregulation of GluN2B-containing NMDARs and/or their downstream signaling pathways has been implicated in neurological diseases, and various strategies to reverse these deficits have been investigated. In this article, we provide an overview of GluN2B-containing NMDAR pharmacology and its key physiological functions, highlighting the importance of this receptor subtype during both health and disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ge
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yu Tian Wang
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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11
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Rumian NL, Brown CN, Hendry-Hofer TB, Rossetti T, Orfila JE, Tullis JE, Dwoskin LP, Buonarati OR, Lisman JE, Quillinan N, Herson PS, Bebarta VS, Bayer KU. Short-term CaMKII inhibition with tatCN19o does not erase pre-formed memory in mice and is neuroprotective in pigs. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104693. [PMID: 37037305 PMCID: PMC10189404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a central regulator of learning and memory, which poses a problem for targeting it therapeutically. Indeed, our study supports prior conclusions that long-term interference with CaMKII signaling can erase pre-formed memories. By contrast, short-term pharmacological CaMKII inhibition with the neuroprotective peptide tatCN19o interfered with learning in mice only mildly and transiently (for less than 1 h) and did not at all reverse pre-formed memories. These results were obtained with ≥500-fold of the dose that protected hippocampal neurons from cell death after a highly clinically relevant pig model of transient global cerebral ischemia: ventricular fibrillation followed by advanced life support and electrical defibrillation to induce the return of spontaneous circulation. Of additional importance for therapy development, our preliminary cardiovascular safety studies in mice and pig did not indicate any concerns with acute tatCN19o injection. Taken together, although prolonged interference with CaMKII signaling can erase memory, acute short-term CaMKII inhibition with tatCN19o did not cause such retrograde amnesia that would pose a contraindication for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Rumian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Carolyn Nicole Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Tara B Hendry-Hofer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Thomas Rossetti
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James E Orfila
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jonathan E Tullis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Linda P Dwoskin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Olivia R Buonarati
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - John E Lisman
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
| | - Vikhyat S Bebarta
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
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12
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Wang C, Liu Y, Liu X, Zhang Y, Yan X, Deng X, Shi J. Scutellarin Alleviates Ischemic Brain Injury in the Acute Phase by Affecting the Activity of Neurotransmitters in Neurons. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073181. [PMID: 37049959 PMCID: PMC10095904 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic stroke is a common neuron loss disease that is caused by the interruption of the blood supply to the brain. In order to enhance the CIS outcome, both identifying the treatment target of ischemic brain damage in the acute phase and developing effective therapies are urgently needed. Scutellarin had been found to be beneficial to ischemic injuries and has been shown to have potent effects in clinical application on both stroke and myocardial infarction. However, whether scutellarin improves ischemic brain damage in the acute phase remains unknown. In this study, the protective effects of scutellarin on ischemic brain damage in the acute phase (within 12 h) were illustrated. In middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) modeling rats, the Z-Longa score was significantly down-regulated by 25% and 23.1%, and the brain infarct size was reduced by 26.95 ± 0.03% and 25.63 ± 0.02% when responding to high-dose and low-dose scutellarin treatments, respectively. H&E and TUNEL staining results indicated that the neuron loss of the ischemic region was improved under scutellarin treatment. In order to investigate the mechanism of scutellarin's effects on ischemic brain damage in the acute phase, changes in proteins and metabolites were analyzed. The suppression of scutellarin on the glutamate-inducing excitatory amino acid toxicity was strongly indicated in the study of both proteomics and metabolomics. A molecular docking experiment presented strong interactions between scutellarin and glutamate receptors, which score much higher than those of memantine. Further, by performing a parallel reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry (PRM-MS) study on both the cortex and hippocampus tissue of the ischemic region, we screened the scutellarin-regulating molecules that are involved in both the release and transportation of neurotransmitters. It was found that the aberrant levels of glutamate receptors, including EAAT2, GRIN1, GRIN2B, and GRM1, as well as of other glutamatergic pathway-involving proteins, including CAMKK2, PSD95, and nNOS, were significantly regulated in the ischemic cortex. In the hippocampus, EAAT2, GRIN1, nNOS, and CAM were significantly regulated. Taken together, scutellarin exerts potent effects on ischemic brain damage in the acute phase by regulating the activity of neurotransmitters and reducing the toxicity of excitatory amino acids in in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguo Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China
| | - Yaoyu Liu
- School of Trational Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China
| | - Xi Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China
| | - Xingli Yan
- School of Trational Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China
| | - Xinqi Deng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Jinli Shi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China
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13
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Rumian NL, Brown CN, Hendry-Hofer TB, Rossetti T, Orfila JE, Tullis JE, Dwoskin LP, Buonarati OR, Lisman JE, Quillinan N, Herson PS, Bebarta VS, Bayer KU. Short-term CaMKII inhibition with tatCN19o does not erase pre-formed memory and is neuroprotective in non-rodents. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.23.523316. [PMID: 36747773 PMCID: PMC9900743 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.23.523316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a central regulator of learning and memory, which poses a problem for targeting it therapeutically. Indeed, our study supports prior conclusions that long-term interference with CaMKII signaling can erase pre-formed memories. By contrast, short-term pharmacological CaMKII inhibition with tatCN19o interfered with learning in mice only mildly and transiently (for less than 1 h) and did not at all reverse pre-formed memories. This was at ≥500fold of the dose that protected hippocampal neurons from cell death after a highly clinically relevant pig model of transient global cerebral ischemia: ventricular fibrillation followed by advanced life support and electrical defibrillation to induce return of spontaneous circulation. Of additional importance for therapeutic development, cardiovascular safety studies in mice and pig did not indicate any concerns with acute tatCN19o injection. Taken together, even though prolonged interference with CaMKII signaling can erase memory, acute short-term CaMKII inhibition with tatCN19o did not cause such retrograde amnesia that would pose a contraindication for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L. Rumian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Carolyn Nicole Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Tara B. Hendry-Hofer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Thomas Rossetti
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA,present address: Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY 10021, USA
| | - James E. Orfila
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jonathan E. Tullis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Linda P. Dwoskin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Olivia R. Buonarati
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - John E. Lisman
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA,deceased
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Paco S. Herson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,Correspondence should be addressed to Paco S. Herson (), Vikhyat S. Bebarta (), or K. Ulrich Bayer ()
| | - Vikhyat S. Bebarta
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA,Correspondence should be addressed to Paco S. Herson (), Vikhyat S. Bebarta (), or K. Ulrich Bayer ()
| | - K. Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA,Correspondence should be addressed to Paco S. Herson (), Vikhyat S. Bebarta (), or K. Ulrich Bayer ()
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14
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The CaMKIIα hub ligand Ph-HTBA promotes neuroprotection after focal ischemic stroke by a distinct molecular interaction. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113895. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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15
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Griem-Krey N, Clarkson AN, Wellendorph P. CaMKIIα as a Promising Drug Target for Ischemic Grey Matter. Brain Sci 2022; 12:1639. [PMID: 36552099 PMCID: PMC9775128 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12121639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a major mediator of Ca2+-dependent signaling pathways in various cell types throughout the body. Its neuronal isoform CaMKIIα (alpha) centrally integrates physiological but also pathological glutamate signals directly downstream of glutamate receptors and has thus emerged as a target for ischemic stroke. Previous studies provided evidence for the involvement of CaMKII activity in ischemic cell death by showing that CaMKII inhibition affords substantial neuroprotection. However, broad inhibition of this central kinase is challenging because various essential physiological processes like synaptic plasticity rely on intact CaMKII regulation. Thus, specific strategies for targeting CaMKII after ischemia are warranted which would ideally only interfere with pathological activity of CaMKII. This review highlights recent advances in the understanding of how ischemia affects CaMKII and how pathospecific pharmacological targeting of CaMKII signaling could be achieved. Specifically, we discuss direct targeting of CaMKII kinase activity with peptide inhibitors versus indirect targeting of the association (hub) domain of CaMKIIα with analogues of γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) as a potential way to achieve more specific pharmacological modulation of CaMKII activity after ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nane Griem-Krey
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrew N. Clarkson
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Health Research Centre and Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Petrine Wellendorph
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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16
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Palmelund LB, van Woerden GM, Bräuner-Osborne H, Wellendorph P. Development of a medium throughput whole-cell microtiter plate Thr286 autophosphorylation assay for CaMKIIα using ELISA. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2022; 118:107226. [PMID: 36174932 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2022.107226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha (CaMKIIα) is a multifunctional Ser/Thr kinase involved in several neuronal signaling pathways including synaptic plasticity. CaMKIIα autonomous activity is highly dependent on Thr286 autophosphorylation (pThr286), which is widely used as a readout for its enzymatic activity. To readily characterise compounds and potential drug candidates targeting CaMKIIα, a simple, generic cell-based assay for quantification of pThr286 levels is needed. In this study, we present a cell-based assay using an adapted ELISA as a suitable and higher throughput alternative to Western blotting. In this 96-well plate-based assay, we use whole HEK293T cells recombinantly expressing CaMKIIα and apply a phospho-specific antibody to detect pThr286 levels by chemiluminescence. In parallel, total CaMKIIα expression levels are detected by fluorescence using an Alexa488-conjugated anti-myc antibody targeting a C-terminal myc-tag. By multiplexing chemiluminescence and fluorescence, phosphorylation levels are normalised to CaMKIIα total expression within each well. The specificity of the assay was confirmed using a phosphodead mutant (T286A) of CaMKIIα. By applying Ca2+ or known CaMKIIα inhibitors (KN93, tatCN21 and AS100105) and obtaining concentration-response curves, we demonstrate high sensitivity and validity of the assay. Lastly, we demonstrate the versatility of the assay by determining autophosphorylation levels in CaMKIIα patient-related mutations, known to possess altered pThr286 responses (E109D, E183V and H282R). The established assay for CaMKIIα is a reproducible, easily implemented, and facile ELISA-based assay that allows for reliable quantification of pThr286 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line B Palmelund
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Geeske M van Woerden
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Neuroscience and Department of Clinical Genetics, 3015, CN, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Bräuner-Osborne
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Petrine Wellendorph
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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17
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Cook SG, Rumian NL, Bayer KU. CaMKII T286 phosphorylation has distinct essential functions in three forms of long-term plasticity. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102299. [PMID: 35872016 PMCID: PMC9403491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) mediates long-term potentiation or depression (LTP or LTD) after distinct stimuli of hippocampal NMDA-type glutamate receptors (NMDARs). NMDAR-dependent LTD prevails in juvenile mice, but a mechanistically different form of LTD can be readily induced in adults by instead stimulating metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). However, the role that CaMKII plays in the mGluR-dependent form of LTD is not clear. Here we show that mGluR-dependent LTD also requires CaMKII and its T286 autophosphorylation (pT286), which induces Ca2+-independent autonomous kinase activity. Additionally, we compared the role of pT286 among three forms of long-term plasticity (NMDAR-dependent LTP and LTD, and mGluR-dependent LTD) using simultaneous live imaging of endogenous CaMKII together with synaptic marker proteins. We determined that after LTP stimuli, pT286 autophosphorylation accelerated CaMKII movement to excitatory synapses. After NMDAR-LTD stimuli, pT286 was strictly required for any movement to inhibitory synapses. Similar to NMDAR-LTD, we found the mGluR-LTD stimuli did not induce CaMKII movement to excitatory synapses. However, in contrast to NMDAR-LTD, we demonstrate the mGluR-LTD did not involve CaMKII movement to inhibitory synapses and did not require additional T305/306 autophosphorylation. Thus, despite its prominent role in LTP, we conclude CaMKII T286 autophosphorylation is also required for both major forms of hippocampal LTD, albeit with differential requirements for the heterosynaptic communication of excitatory signals to inhibitory synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah G Cook
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, U.S.A; Present address: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nicole L Rumian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, U.S.A
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, U.S.A.
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18
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Mohanan AG, Gunasekaran S, Jacob RS, Omkumar RV. Role of Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type II in Mediating Function and Dysfunction at Glutamatergic Synapses. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:855752. [PMID: 35795689 PMCID: PMC9252440 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.855752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamatergic synapses harbor abundant amounts of the multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II (CaMKII). Both in the postsynaptic density as well as in the cytosolic compartment of postsynaptic terminals, CaMKII plays major roles. In addition to its Ca2+-stimulated kinase activity, it can also bind to a variety of membrane proteins at the synapse and thus exert spatially restricted activity. The abundance of CaMKII in glutamatergic synapse is akin to scaffolding proteins although its prominent function still appears to be that of a kinase. The multimeric structure of CaMKII also confers several functional capabilities on the enzyme. The versatility of the enzyme has prompted hypotheses proposing several roles for the enzyme such as Ca2+ signal transduction, memory molecule function and scaffolding. The article will review the multiple roles played by CaMKII in glutamatergic synapses and how they are affected in disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana G. Mohanan
- Neurobiology Division, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Sowmya Gunasekaran
- Neurobiology Division, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Research Scholar, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Reena Sarah Jacob
- Neurobiology Division, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Research Scholar, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - R. V. Omkumar
- Neurobiology Division, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
- *Correspondence: R. V. Omkumar,
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19
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Tian Y, Shehata MA, Gauger SJ, Ng CKL, Solbak S, Thiesen L, Bruus-Jensen J, Krall J, Bundgaard C, Gibson KM, Wellendorph P, Frølund B. Discovery and Optimization of 5-Hydroxy-Diclofenac toward a New Class of Ligands with Nanomolar Affinity for the CaMKIIα Hub Domain. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6656-6676. [PMID: 35500061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II α (CaMKIIα) is a brain-relevant kinase involved in long-term potentiation and synaptic plasticity. We have recently pinpointed the CaMKIIα hub domain as the long-sought-after high-affinity target of γ-hydroxybutyrate ligands substantiated with a high-resolution cocrystal of 5-hydroxydiclofenac (3). Herein, we employed in silico approaches to rationalize and guide the synthesis and pharmacological characterization of a new series of analogues circumventing chemical stability problems associated with 3. The oxygen-bridged analogue 4d showed mid-nanomolar affinity and notable ligand-induced stabilization effects toward the CaMKIIα hub oligomer. Importantly, 4d displayed superior chemical and metabolic stability over 3 by showing excellent chemical stability in phosphate-buffered saline and high resistance to form reactive intermediates and subsequent sulfur conjugates. Altogether, our study highlights 4d as a new CaMKIIα hub high-affinity ligand with enhanced pharmacokinetic properties, representing a powerful tool compound for allosteric regulation of kinase activity with subtype specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsong Tian
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mohamed A Shehata
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine Juul Gauger
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Clarissa K L Ng
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sara Solbak
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise Thiesen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Bruus-Jensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob Krall
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - K Michael Gibson
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
| | - Petrine Wellendorph
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bente Frølund
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Brown CN, Rumian NL, Tullis JE, Coultrap SJ, Bayer KU. Aβ-induced synaptic impairments require CaMKII activity that is stimulated by indirect signaling events. iScience 2022; 25:104368. [PMID: 35620430 PMCID: PMC9127195 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aβ bears homology to the CaMKII regulatory domain, and peptides derived from this domain can bind and disrupt the CaMKII holoenzyme, suggesting that Aβ could have a similar effect. Notably, Aβ impairs the synaptic CaMKII accumulation that is mediated by GluN2B binding, which requires CaMKII assembly into holoenzymes. Furthermore, this Aβ-induced impairment is prevented by CaMKII inhibitors that should also inhibit the putative direct Aβ binding. However, our study did not find any evidence for direct effects of Aβ on CaMKII: Aβ did not directly disrupt CaMKII holoenzymes, GluN2B binding, T286 autophosphorylation, or kinase activity in vitro. Most importantly, in neurons, the Aβ-induced impairment of CaMKII synaptic accumulation was prevented by an ATP-competitive CaMKII inhibitor that would not interfere with the putative direct Aβ binding. Together, our results indicate that synaptic Aβ effects are not mediated by direct binding to CaMKII, but instead require CaMKII activation via indirect signaling events. Aβ and the CaMKII regulatory domain share a region of homology Suppression of CaMKII movement in neurons by Aβ requires CaMKII activity Aβ does not directly affect CaMKII activity, T286 phosphorylation, or GluN2B binding Thus, the Aβ effects on CaMKII in neurons require indirect signaling mechanisms
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21
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Calcium-/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II (CaMKII) Inhibition Induces Learning and Memory Impairment and Apoptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2021:4635054. [PMID: 34976299 PMCID: PMC8718318 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4635054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Inhibition of calcium-/calmodulin- (CaM-) dependent kinase II (CaMKII) is correlated with epilepsy. However, the specific mechanism that underlies learning and memory impairment and neuronal death by CaMKII inhibition remains unclear. Materials and Methods In this study, KN93, a CaMKII inhibitor, was used to investigate the role of CaMKII during epileptogenesis. We first identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in primary cultured hippocampal neurons with or without KN93 treatment using RNA-sequencing. Then, the impairment of learning and memory by KN93-induced CaMKII inhibition was assessed using the Morris water maze test. In addition, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and TUNEL staining were performed to determine neuronal death, apoptosis, and the relative signaling pathway. Results KN93-induced CaMKII inhibition decreased cAMP response element-binding (CREB) protein activity and impaired learning and memory in Wistar and tremor (TRM) rats, an animal model of genetic epilepsy. CaMKII inhibition also induced neuronal death and reactive astrocyte activation in both the Wistar and TRM hippocampi, deregulating mitogen-activated protein kinases. Meanwhile, neuronal death and neuron apoptosis were observed in PC12 and primary cultured hippocampal neurons after exposure to KN93, which was reversed by SP600125, an inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Conclusions CaMKII inhibition caused learning and memory impairment and apoptosis, which might be related to dysregulated JNK signaling.
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22
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Buonarati OR, Miller AP, Coultrap SJ, Bayer KU, Reichow SL. Conserved and divergent features of neuronal CaMKII holoenzyme structure, function, and high-order assembly. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110168. [PMID: 34965414 PMCID: PMC8985225 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal CaMKII holoenzymes (α and β isoforms) enable molecular signal computation underlying learning and memory but also mediate excitotoxic neuronal death. Here, we provide a comparative analysis of these signaling devices, using single-particle electron microscopy (EM) in combination with biochemical and live-cell imaging studies. In the basal state, both isoforms assemble mainly as 12-mers (but also 14-mers and even 16-mers for the β isoform). CaMKIIα and β isoforms adopt an ensemble of extended activatable states (with average radius of 12.6 versus 16.8 nm, respectively), characterized by multiple transient intra- and inter-holoenzyme interactions associated with distinct functional properties. The extended state of CaMKIIβ allows direct resolution of intra-holoenzyme kinase domain dimers. These dimers could enable cooperative activation by calmodulin, which is observed for both isoforms. High-order CaMKII clustering mediated by inter-holoenzyme kinase domain dimerization is reduced for the β isoform for both basal and excitotoxicity-induced clusters, both in vitro and in neurons. The CaMKII holoenzyme enables neuronal signal computation. In a comparative structure-function analysis of the neuronal α and β isoforms, Buonarati et al. find evidence for kinase domain dimers within the holoenzyme that enable a cooperative activation mechanism in both isoforms and inter-holoenzyme interactions that enable high-order aggregate formation under ischemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia R Buonarati
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Adam P Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Steven J Coultrap
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Steve L Reichow
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
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23
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Rumian NL, Chalmers NE, Tullis JE, Herson PS, Bayer KU. CaMKIIα knockout protects from ischemic neuronal cell death after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Brain Res 2021; 1773:147699. [PMID: 34687697 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CaMKIIα plays a dual role in synaptic plasticity, as it can mediate synaptic changes in opposing directions. We hypothesized that CaMKIIα plays a similar dual role also in neuronal cell death and survival. Indeed, the CaMKII inhibitor tatCN21 is neuroprotective when added during or after excitotoxic/ischemic insults, but was described to cause sensitization when applied long-term prior to such insult. However, when comparing long-term CaMKII inhibition by several different inhibitors in neuronal cultures, we did not detect any sensitization. Likewise, in a mouse in vivo model of global cerebral ischemia (cardiac arrest followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation), complete knockout of the neuronal CaMKIIα isoform did not cause sensitization but instead significant neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Rumian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Nicholas E Chalmers
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Jonathan E Tullis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
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24
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Tullis JE, Buonarati OR, Coultrap SJ, Bourke AM, Tiemeier EL, Kennedy MJ, Herson PS, Bayer KU. GluN2B S1303 phosphorylation by CaMKII or DAPK1: no indication for involvement in ischemia or LTP. iScience 2021; 24:103214. [PMID: 34704002 PMCID: PMC8524186 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding of two different CaM kinases, CaMKII and DAPK1, to the NMDA-type glutamate receptor (NMDAR) subunit GluN2B near S1303 has been implicated in excitotoxic/ischemic neuronal cell death. The GluN2BΔCaMKII mutation (L1298A, R1300Q) is neuroprotective but abolishes only CaMKII but not DAPK1 binding. However, both kinases can additionally phosphorylate GluN2B S1303. Thus, we here tested S1303 phosphorylation for possible contribution to neuronal cell death. The GluN2BΔCaMKII mutation completely abolished phosphorylation by CaMKII and DAPK1, suggesting that the mutation could mediate neuroprotection by disrupting phosphorylation. However, S1303 phosphorylation was not increased by excitotoxic insults in hippocampal slices or by global cerebral ischemia induced by cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in vivo. In hippocampal cultures, S1303 phosphorylation was induced by chemical LTD but not LTP stimuli. These results indicate that the additional effect of the GluN2BΔCaMKII mutation on phosphorylation needs to be considered only in LTD but not in LTP or ischemia/excitotoxicity. A neuroprotective GluN2B mutation blocked S1303 phosphorylation by CaMKII and DAPK1 GluN2B S1303 is a better substrate for phosphorylation by CaMKII than by DAPK1 Increased phospho-S1303 was detected after cLTD but not cLTP or excitotoxic stimuli Increased phospho-S1303 was not detected after global cerebral ischemia in vivo
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan E Tullis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Olivia R Buonarati
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Steven J Coultrap
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ashley M Bourke
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Erika L Tiemeier
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Matthew J Kennedy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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25
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Huo Y, Feng X, Niu M, Wang L, Xie Y, Wang L, Ha J, Cheng X, Gao Z, Sun Y. Therapeutic time windows of compounds against NMDA receptors signaling pathways for ischemic stroke. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:3204-3221. [PMID: 34676594 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Much evidence has proved that excitotoxicity induced by excessive release of glutamate contributes largely to damage caused by ischemia. In view of the key role played by NMDA receptors in mediating excitotoxicity, compounds against NMDA receptors signaling pathways have become the most promising type of anti-stroke candidate compounds. However, the limited therapeutic time window for neuroprotection is a key factor preventing NMDA receptor-related compounds from showing efficacy in all clinical trials for ischemic stroke. In this perspective, the determination of therapeutic time windows of these kinds of compounds is useful in ensuring a therapeutic effect and accelerating clinical application. This mini-review discussed the therapeutic time windows of compounds against NMDA receptors signaling pathways, described related influence factors and the status of clinical studies. The purpose of this review is to look for compounds with wide therapeutic time windows and better clinical application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexiang Huo
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xue Feng
- Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Menghan Niu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei Chemical & Pharmaceutical College, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Technological Innovation Center of Chiral Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yinghua Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, California State University, Long Beach, CA, USA
| | - Jing Ha
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaokun Cheng
- Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zibin Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China.,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yongjun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China.,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, Shijiazhuang, China
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26
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Yao Y, Ji Y, Ren J, Liu H, Khanna R, Sun L. Inhibition of autophagy by CRMP2-derived peptide ST2-104 (R9-CBD3) via a CaMKKβ/AMPK/mTOR pathway contributes to ischemic postconditioning-induced neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Mol Brain 2021; 14:123. [PMID: 34362425 PMCID: PMC8344221 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-021-00836-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia, a common cerebrovascular disease, is characterized by functional deficits and apoptotic cell death. Autophagy, a type of programmed cell death, plays critical roles in controlling neuronal damage and metabolic homeostasis, and has been inextricably linked to cerebral ischemia. We previously identified a short peptide aptamer from collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2), designated the Ca2+ channel-binding domain 3 (CBD3) peptide, that conferred protection against excitotoxicity and traumatic brain injury. ST2-104, a nona-arginine (R9)-fused CBD3 peptide, exerted beneficial effects on neuropathic pain and was neuroprotective in a model of Alzheimer's disease; however, the effect of ST2-104 on cerebral ischemia and its mechanism of action have not been studied. In this study, we modeled cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats with the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) as well as challenged SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells with glutamate to induce toxicity to interrogate the effects of ST2-104 on autophagy following ischemic/excitotoxic insults. ST2-104 reduced the infarct volume and improved the neurological score of rats subjected to MCAO. ST2-104 protected SH-SY5Y cells from death following glutamate exposure via blunting apoptosis and autophagy as well as limiting excessive calcium entry. 3-Methyladenine (3-MA), an inhibitor of autophagy, promoted the effects of ST2-104 in inhibiting apoptosis triggered by glutamate while rapamycin, an activator of autophagy, failed to do so. ST2-104 peptide reversed glutamate-induced apoptosis via inhibiting Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ)-mediated autophagy, which was partly enhanced by STO-609 (an inhibitor of CaMKKβ). ST2-104 attenuated neuronal apoptosis by inhibiting autophagy through CaMKKβ/AMPK/mTOR pathway. Our results suggest that the neuroprotective effect of ST2-104 are due to actions on the crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy via the CaMKKβ/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. The findings present novel insights into the potential neuroprotection of ST2-104 in cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingshi Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinghong Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021 People’s Republic of China
| | - Huanyu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021 People’s Republic of China
| | - Rajesh Khanna
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, 1501 North Campbell Drive, P.O. Box 245050, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021 People’s Republic of China
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27
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Zhang X, Connelly J, Levitan ES, Sun D, Wang JQ. Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II in Cerebrovascular Diseases. Transl Stroke Res 2021; 12:513-529. [PMID: 33713030 PMCID: PMC8213567 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-021-00901-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cerebrovascular disease is the most common life-threatening and debilitating condition that often leads to stroke. The multifunctional calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a key Ca2+ sensor and an important signaling protein in a variety of biological systems within the brain, heart, and vasculature. In the brain, past stroke-related studies have been mainly focused on the role of CaMKII in ischemic stroke in neurons and established CaMKII as a major mediator of neuronal cell death induced by glutamate excitotoxicity and oxidative stress following ischemic stroke. However, with growing understanding of the importance of neurovascular interactions in cerebrovascular diseases, there are clearly gaps in our understanding of how CaMKII functions in the complex neurovascular biological processes and its contributions to cerebrovascular diseases. Additionally, emerging evidence demonstrates novel regulatory mechanisms of CaMKII and potential roles of the less-studied CaMKII isoforms in the ischemic brain, which has sparked renewed interests in this dynamic kinase family. This review discusses past findings and emerging evidence on CaMKII in several major cerebrovascular dysfunctions including ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and vascular dementia, focusing on the unique roles played by CaMKII in the underlying biological processes of neuronal cell death, neuroinflammation, and endothelial barrier dysfunction triggered by stroke. We also highlight exciting new findings, promising therapeutic agents, and future perspectives for CaMKII in cerebrovascular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, E1354 BST, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jaclyn Connelly
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, E1354 BST, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Edwin S Levitan
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, E1354 BST, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dandan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute For Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, 7016 Biomedical Science Tower-3, 3501 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
| | - Jane Q Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, E1354 BST, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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28
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Liu Y, Shao Q, Cheng HJ, Li T, Zhang X, Callahan MF, Herrington D, Kitzman D, Zhao D, Cheng CP. Chronic Ca 2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Inhibition Rescues Advanced Heart Failure. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 377:316-325. [PMID: 33722881 PMCID: PMC8140392 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is upregulated in congestive heart failure (CHF), contributing to electrical, structural, and functional remodeling. CaMKII inhibition is known to improve CHF, but its direct cardiac effects in CHF remain unclear. We hypothesized that CaMKII inhibition improves cardiomyocyte function, [Ca2+]i regulation, and β-adrenergic reserve, thus improving advanced CHF. In a 16-week study, we compared plasma neurohormonal levels and left ventricular (LV)- and myocyte-functional and calcium transient ([Ca2+]iT) responses in male Sprague-Dawley rats (10/group) with CHF induced by isoproterenol (170 mg/kg sq for 2 days). In rats with CHF, we studied the effects of the CaMKII inhibitor KN-93 or its inactive analog KN-92 (n = 4) (70 µg/kg per day, mini-pump) for 4 weeks. Compared with controls, isoproterenol-treated rats had severe CHF with 5-fold-increased plasma norepinephrine and about 50% decreases in ejection fraction (EF) and LV contractility [slope of LV end-systolic pressure-LV end-systolic volume relation (EES)] but increased time constant of LV relaxation (τ). They also showed significantly reduced myocyte contraction [maximum rate of myocyte shortening (dL/dtmax)], relaxation (dL/dtmax), and [Ca2+]iT Isoproterenol superfusion caused significantly fewer increases in dL/dtmax and [Ca2+]iT KN-93 treatment prevented plasma norepinephrine elevation, with increased basal and acute isoproterenol-stimulated increases in EF and EES and decreased τ in CHF. KN-93 treatment preserved normal myocyte contraction, relaxation, [Ca2+]iT, and β-adrenergic reserve, whereas KN-92 treatment failed to improve LV and myocyte function, and plasma norepinephrine remained high in CHF. Thus, chronic CaMKII inhibition prevented CHF-induced activation of the sympathetic nervous system, restoring normal LV and cardiomyocyte basal and β-adrenergic-stimulated contraction, relaxation, and [Ca2+]iT, thereby playing a rescue role in advanced CHF. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We investigated the therapeutic efficacy of late initiation of chronic Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) inhibition on progression of advanced congestive heart failure (CHF). Chronic CaMKII inhibition prevented CHF-induced activation of the sympathetic nervous system and restored normal intrinsic cardiomyocyte basal and β-adrenergic receptor-stimulated relaxation, contraction, and [Ca2+]i regulation, leading to reversal of CHF progression. These data provide new evidence that CaMKII inhibition is able and sufficient to rescue a failing heart, and thus cardiac CaMKII inhibition is a promising target for improving CHF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China (Y.L.); Department of Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China (Q.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (Y.L., Q.S., H.-J.C., T.L., X.Z., M.F.C., D.H., D.K., D.Z., C.-P.C.); Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China (T.L.); and Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.Z.)
| | - Qun Shao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China (Y.L.); Department of Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China (Q.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (Y.L., Q.S., H.-J.C., T.L., X.Z., M.F.C., D.H., D.K., D.Z., C.-P.C.); Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China (T.L.); and Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.Z.)
| | - Heng-Jie Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China (Y.L.); Department of Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China (Q.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (Y.L., Q.S., H.-J.C., T.L., X.Z., M.F.C., D.H., D.K., D.Z., C.-P.C.); Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China (T.L.); and Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.Z.)
| | - Tiankai Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China (Y.L.); Department of Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China (Q.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (Y.L., Q.S., H.-J.C., T.L., X.Z., M.F.C., D.H., D.K., D.Z., C.-P.C.); Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China (T.L.); and Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China (Y.L.); Department of Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China (Q.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (Y.L., Q.S., H.-J.C., T.L., X.Z., M.F.C., D.H., D.K., D.Z., C.-P.C.); Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China (T.L.); and Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.Z.)
| | - Michael F Callahan
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China (Y.L.); Department of Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China (Q.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (Y.L., Q.S., H.-J.C., T.L., X.Z., M.F.C., D.H., D.K., D.Z., C.-P.C.); Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China (T.L.); and Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.Z.)
| | - David Herrington
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China (Y.L.); Department of Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China (Q.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (Y.L., Q.S., H.-J.C., T.L., X.Z., M.F.C., D.H., D.K., D.Z., C.-P.C.); Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China (T.L.); and Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.Z.)
| | - Dalane Kitzman
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China (Y.L.); Department of Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China (Q.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (Y.L., Q.S., H.-J.C., T.L., X.Z., M.F.C., D.H., D.K., D.Z., C.-P.C.); Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China (T.L.); and Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.Z.)
| | - David Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China (Y.L.); Department of Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China (Q.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (Y.L., Q.S., H.-J.C., T.L., X.Z., M.F.C., D.H., D.K., D.Z., C.-P.C.); Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China (T.L.); and Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.Z.)
| | - Che-Ping Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China (Y.L.); Department of Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China (Q.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (Y.L., Q.S., H.-J.C., T.L., X.Z., M.F.C., D.H., D.K., D.Z., C.-P.C.); Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China (T.L.); and Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.Z.)
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29
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Cid E, Marquez-Galera A, Valero M, Gal B, Medeiros DC, Navarron CM, Ballesteros-Esteban L, Reig-Viader R, Morales AV, Fernandez-Lamo I, Gomez-Dominguez D, Sato M, Hayashi Y, Bayés À, Barco A, Lopez-Atalaya JP, de la Prida LM. Sublayer- and cell-type-specific neurodegenerative transcriptional trajectories in hippocampal sclerosis. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109229. [PMID: 34107264 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal sclerosis, the major neuropathological hallmark of temporal lobe epilepsy, is characterized by different patterns of neuronal loss. The mechanisms of cell-type-specific vulnerability and their progression and histopathological classification remain controversial. Using single-cell electrophysiology in vivo and immediate-early gene expression, we reveal that superficial CA1 pyramidal neurons are overactive in epileptic rodents. Bulk tissue and single-nucleus expression profiling disclose sublayer-specific transcriptomic signatures and robust microglial pro-inflammatory responses. Transcripts regulating neuronal processes such as voltage channels, synaptic signaling, and cell adhesion are deregulated differently by epilepsy across sublayers, whereas neurodegenerative signatures primarily involve superficial cells. Pseudotime analysis of gene expression in single nuclei and in situ validation reveal separated trajectories from health to epilepsy across cell types and identify a subset of superficial cells undergoing a later stage in neurodegeneration. Our findings indicate that sublayer- and cell-type-specific changes associated with selective CA1 neuronal damage contribute to progression of hippocampal sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cid
- Instituto Cajal, CSIC, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Marquez-Galera
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UMH-CSIC), 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz Gal
- Instituto Cajal, CSIC, 28002 Madrid, Spain; Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carmen M Navarron
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UMH-CSIC), 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Rita Reig-Viader
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica San Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Masaaki Sato
- RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasunori Hayashi
- RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Àlex Bayés
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica San Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Angel Barco
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UMH-CSIC), 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain
| | - Jose P Lopez-Atalaya
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UMH-CSIC), 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain.
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30
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Buonarati OR, Cook SG, Goodell DJ, Chalmers NE, Rumian NL, Tullis JE, Restrepo S, Coultrap SJ, Quillinan N, Herson PS, Bayer KU. CaMKII versus DAPK1 Binding to GluN2B in Ischemic Neuronal Cell Death after Resuscitation from Cardiac Arrest. Cell Rep 2021; 30:1-8.e4. [PMID: 31914378 PMCID: PMC6959131 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DAPK1 binding to GluN2B was prominently reported to mediate ischemic cell death in vivo. DAPK1 and CaMKII bind to the same GluN2B region, and their binding is mutually exclusive. Here, we show that mutating the binding region on GluN2B (L1298A/ R1300Q) protected against neuronal cell death induced by cardiac arrest followed by resuscitation. Importantly, the GluN2B mutation selectively abolished only CaMKII, but not DAPK1, binding. During ischemic or excitotoxic insults, CaMKII further accumulated at excitatory synapses, and this accumulation was mediated by GluN2B binding. Interestingly, extra-synaptic GluN2B decreased after ischemia, but its relative association with DAPK1 increased. Thus, ischemic neuronal death requires CaMKII binding to synaptic GluN2B, whereas any potential role for DAPK1 binding is restricted to a different, likely extra-synaptic population of GluN2B. Ischemic insults cause excitotoxic neuronal cell death via NMDA receptor overstimulation. Buonarati et al. find that excitotoxic insults cause DAPK1 movement to extra-synaptic NMDA receptors and CaMKII movement to synaptic NMDA receptors; importantly, preventing this CaMKII movement protects neurons from ischemic death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia R Buonarati
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sarah G Cook
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Dayton J Goodell
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nicholas E Chalmers
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nicole L Rumian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jonathan E Tullis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Susana Restrepo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Steven J Coultrap
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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31
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Simats A, Ramiro L, García-Berrocoso T, Briansó F, Gonzalo R, Martín L, Sabé A, Gill N, Penalba A, Colomé N, Sánchez A, Canals F, Bustamante A, Rosell A, Montaner J. A Mouse Brain-based Multi-omics Integrative Approach Reveals Potential Blood Biomarkers for Ischemic Stroke. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:1921-1936. [PMID: 32868372 PMCID: PMC7710142 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra120.002283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Despite continuous advances, the identification of key molecular signatures in the hyper-acute phase of ischemic stroke is still a primary interest for translational research on stroke diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Data integration from high-throughput -omics techniques has become crucial to unraveling key interactions among different molecular elements in complex biological contexts, such as ischemic stroke. Thus, we used advanced data integration methods for a multi-level joint analysis of transcriptomics and proteomics data sets obtained from mouse brains at 2 h after cerebral ischemia. By modeling net-like correlation structures, we identified an integrated network of genes and proteins that are differentially expressed at a very early stage after stroke. We validated 10 of these deregulated elements in acute stroke, and changes in their expression pattern over time after cerebral ischemia were described. Of these, CLDN20, GADD45G, RGS2, BAG5, and CTNND2 were next evaluated as blood biomarkers of cerebral ischemia in mice and human blood samples, which were obtained from stroke patients and patients presenting stroke-mimicking conditions. Our findings indicate that CTNND2 levels in blood might potentially be useful for distinguishing ischemic strokes from stroke-mimicking conditions in the hyper-acute phase of the disease. Furthermore, circulating GADD45G content within the first 6 h after stroke could also play a key role in predicting poor outcomes in stroke patients. For the first time, we have used an integrative biostatistical approach to elucidate key molecules in the initial stages of stroke pathophysiology and highlight new notable molecules that might be further considered as blood biomarkers of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Simats
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Ramiro
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa García-Berrocoso
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Briansó
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Dept., Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricardo Gonzalo
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luna Martín
- Proteomics Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Sabé
- Proteomics Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Gill
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Penalba
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Colomé
- Proteomics Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Sánchez
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Dept., Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Canals
- Proteomics Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Bustamante
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Rosell
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Montaner
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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32
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Araki S, Osuka K, Takata T, Tsuchiya Y, Watanabe Y. Coordination between Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II and Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase in Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217997. [PMID: 33121174 PMCID: PMC7662388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is highly abundant in the brain and exhibits broad substrate specificity, thereby it is thought to participate in the regulation of neuronal death and survival. Nitric oxide (NO), produced by neuronal NO synthase (nNOS), is an important neurotransmitter and plays a role in neuronal activity including learning and memory processes. However, high levels of NO can contribute to excitotoxicity following a stroke and neurodegenerative disease. Aside from NO, nNOS also generates superoxide which is involved in both cell injury and signaling. CaMKII is known to activate and translocate from the cytoplasm to the post-synaptic density in response to neuronal activation where nNOS is predominantly located. Phosphorylation of nNOS at Ser847 by CaMKII decreases NO generation and increases superoxide generation. Conversely, NO-induced S-nitrosylation of CaMKII at Cys6 is a prominent determinant of the CaMKII inhibition in ATP competitive fashion. Thus, the "cross-talk" between CaMKII and NO/superoxide may represent important signal transduction pathways in brain. In this review, we introduce the molecular mechanism of and pathophysiological role of mutual regulation between CaMKII and nNOS in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoma Araki
- Department of Pharmacology, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan; (S.A.); (T.T.); (Y.T.)
| | - Koji Osuka
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan;
| | - Tsuyoshi Takata
- Department of Pharmacology, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan; (S.A.); (T.T.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Molecular Toxicology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Pharmacology, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan; (S.A.); (T.T.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yasuo Watanabe
- Department of Pharmacology, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan; (S.A.); (T.T.); (Y.T.)
- Correspondence:
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33
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Capraro A, O'Meally D, Waters SA, Patel HR, Georges A, Waters PD. MicroRNA dynamics during hibernation of the Australian central bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps). Sci Rep 2020; 10:17854. [PMID: 33082398 PMCID: PMC7576210 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73706-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hibernation is a physiological state employed by many animals that are exposed to limited food and adverse winter conditions. Controlling tissue-specific and organism wide changes in metabolism and cellular function requires precise regulation of gene expression, including by microRNAs (miRNAs). Here we profile miRNA expression in the central bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps) using small RNA sequencing of brain, heart, and skeletal muscle from individuals in late hibernation and four days post-arousal. A total of 1295 miRNAs were identified in the central bearded dragon genome; 664 of which were novel to central bearded dragon. We identified differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) in all tissues and correlated mRNA expression with known and predicted target mRNAs. Functional analysis of DEmiR targets revealed an enrichment of differentially expressed mRNA targets involved in metabolic processes. However, we failed to reveal biologically relevant tissue-specific processes subjected to miRNA-mediated regulation in heart and skeletal muscle. In brain, neuroprotective pathways were identified as potential targets regulated by miRNAs. Our data suggests that miRNAs are necessary for modulating the shift in cellular metabolism during hibernation and regulating neuroprotection in the brain. This study is the first of its kind in a hibernating reptile and provides key insight into this ephemeral phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Capraro
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Denis O'Meally
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- Center for Gene Therapy, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Shafagh A Waters
- School of Women's & Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Hardip R Patel
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Arthur Georges
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Paul D Waters
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
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34
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Maduka UP, White SR, Joiner MLA, Hell JW, Hammond DL. CaMKII binding to GluN2B at S1303 has no role in acute or inflammatory pain. Brain Res 2020; 1750:147154. [PMID: 33068634 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Activation of Ca2+/calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) and the N-Methyl D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), particularly its GluN2B subunit, contribute to the central sensitization of nociceptive pathways and persistent pain. Using mutant mice wherein the activity-driven binding of CaMKII to S1303 in GluN2B is abrogated (GluN2BKI), this study investigated the importance of this interaction for acute and persistent inflammatory nociception. GluN2BKI, wild type and heterozygote mice did not differ in responses to acute noxious heat stimuli as measured with tail flick, paw flick, or hot plate assays, nor did they differ in their responses to mechanical stimulation with von Frey filaments. Surprisingly, the three genotypes exhibited similar spontaneous pain behaviors and hypersensitivity to heat or mechanical stimuli induced by intraplantar injection of capsaicin; however, GluN2BKI mice did not immediately attend to the paw. WT and GluN2BKI mice also did not differ in the nociceptive behaviors elicited by intraplantar injection of formalin, even though MK801 greatly reduced these behaviors in both genotypes concordant with NMDAR dependence. CaMKII binding to GluN2B at S1303 therefore does not appear to be critical for the development of inflammatory nociception. Finally, intrathecal KN93 reduced formalin-induced nociceptive behaviors in GluN2BKI mice. KN93 does not inhibit CaKMII, but rather binds Ca2+/calmodulin. It has multiple other targets including Ca2+-, Na+- and K+-channels, as well as various kinases. Therefore, the use of GluN2BKI mice provided genetic specificity in assessing the role of CaMKII in inflammatory pain signaling cascades. These results challenge current thinking on the involvement of the CaMKII-NMDAR interaction in inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uche P Maduka
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Stephanie R White
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Mei-Ling A Joiner
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Johannes W Hell
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States; Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Donna L Hammond
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States; Department of Anesthesia, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.
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35
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Menet R, Lecordier S, ElAli A. Wnt Pathway: An Emerging Player in Vascular and Traumatic Mediated Brain Injuries. Front Physiol 2020; 11:565667. [PMID: 33071819 PMCID: PMC7530281 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.565667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt pathway, which comprises the canonical and non-canonical pathways, is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that regulates crucial biological aspects throughout the development and adulthood. Emergence and patterning of the nervous and vascular systems are intimately coordinated, a process in which Wnt pathway plays particularly important roles. In the brain, Wnt ligands activate a cell-specific surface receptor complex to induce intracellular signaling cascades regulating neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, neuronal plasticity, synaptic plasticity, angiogenesis, vascular stabilization, and inflammation. The Wnt pathway is tightly regulated in the adult brain to maintain neurovascular functions. Historically, research in neuroscience has emphasized essentially on investigating the pathway in neurodegenerative disorders. Nonetheless, emerging findings have demonstrated that the pathway is deregulated in vascular- and traumatic-mediated brain injuries. These findings are suggesting that the pathway constitutes a promising target for the development of novel therapeutic protective and restorative interventions. Yet, targeting a complex multifunctional signal transduction pathway remains a major challenge. The review aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding the implication of Wnt pathway in the pathobiology of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, as well as traumatic brain injury (TBI). Furthermore, the review will present the strategies used so far to manipulate the pathway for therapeutic purposes as to highlight potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Menet
- Neuroscience Axis, Research Center of CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Sarah Lecordier
- Neuroscience Axis, Research Center of CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Ayman ElAli
- Neuroscience Axis, Research Center of CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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36
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Simultaneous Live Imaging of Multiple Endogenous Proteins Reveals a Mechanism for Alzheimer's-Related Plasticity Impairment. Cell Rep 2020; 27:658-665.e4. [PMID: 30995464 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CaMKIIα is a central mediator of bidirectional synaptic plasticity, including long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). To study how CaMKIIα movement during plasticity is affected by soluble amyloid-β peptide oligomers (Aβ), we used FingR intrabodies to simultaneously image endogenous CaMKIIα and markers for excitatory versus inhibitory synapses in live neurons. Aβ blocks LTP-stimulus-induced CaMKIIα accumulation at excitatory synapses. This block requires CaMKII activity, is dose and time dependent, and also occurs at synapses without detectable Aβ; it is specific to LTP, as CaMKIIα accumulation at inhibitory synapses during LTD is not reduced. As CaMKII movement to excitatory synapses is required for normal LTP, its impairment can mechanistically explain Aβ-induced impairment of LTP. CaMKII movement during LTP requires binding to the NMDA receptor, and Aβ induces internalization of NMDA receptors. However, surprisingly, this internalization does not cause the block in CaMKIIα movement and is observed for extrasynaptic, but not synaptic, NMDA receptors.
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37
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Meloni BP, Mastaglia FL, Knuckey NW. Cationic Arginine-Rich Peptides (CARPs): A Novel Class of Neuroprotective Agents With a Multimodal Mechanism of Action. Front Neurol 2020; 11:108. [PMID: 32158425 PMCID: PMC7052017 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There are virtually no clinically available neuroprotective drugs for the treatment of acute and chronic neurological disorders, hence there is an urgent need for the development of new neuroprotective molecules. Cationic arginine-rich peptides (CARPs) are an expanding and relatively novel class of compounds, which possess intrinsic neuroprotective properties. Intriguingly, CARPs possess a combination of biological properties unprecedented for a neuroprotective agent including the ability to traverse cell membranes and enter the CNS, antagonize calcium influx, target mitochondria, stabilize proteins, inhibit proteolytic enzymes, induce pro-survival signaling, scavenge toxic molecules, and reduce oxidative stress as well as, having a range of anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer actions. CARPs have also been used as carrier molecules for the delivery of other putative neuroprotective agents across the blood-brain barrier and blood-spinal cord barrier. However, there is increasing evidence that the neuroprotective efficacy of many, if not all these other agents delivered using a cationic arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptide (CCPPs) carrier (e.g., TAT) may actually be mediated largely by the properties of the carrier molecule, with overall efficacy further enhanced according to the amino acid composition of the cargo peptide, in particular its arginine content. Therefore, in reviewing the neuroprotective mechanisms of action of CARPs we also consider studies using CCPPs fused to a putative neuroprotective peptide. We review the history of CARPs in neuroprotection and discuss in detail the intrinsic biological properties that may contribute to their cytoprotective effects and their usefulness as a broad-acting class of neuroprotective drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno P Meloni
- Department of Neurosurgery, QEII Medical Centre, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Frank L Mastaglia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Neville W Knuckey
- Department of Neurosurgery, QEII Medical Centre, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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38
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Nassal D, Gratz D, Hund TJ. Challenges and Opportunities for Therapeutic Targeting of Calmodulin Kinase II in Heart. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:35. [PMID: 32116711 PMCID: PMC7012788 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure remains a major health burden around the world. Despite great progress in delineation of molecular mechanisms underlying development of disease, standard therapy has not advanced at the same pace. The multifunctional signaling molecule Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) has received considerable attention over recent years for its central role in maladaptive remodeling and arrhythmias in the setting of chronic disease. However, these basic science discoveries have yet to translate into new therapies for human patients. This review addresses both the promise and barriers to developing translational therapies that target CaMKII signaling to abrogate pathologic remodeling in the setting of chronic disease. Efforts in small molecule design are discussed, as well as alternative targeting approaches that exploit novel avenues for compound delivery and/or genetic approaches to affect cardiac CaMKII signaling. These alternative strategies provide hope for overcoming some of the challenges that have limited the development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew Nassal
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Daniel Gratz
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Thomas J Hund
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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39
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Bayer KU, Schulman H. CaM Kinase: Still Inspiring at 40. Neuron 2019; 103:380-394. [PMID: 31394063 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) was touted as a memory molecule, even before its involvement in long-term potentiation (LTP) was shown. The enzyme has not disappointed, with subsequent demonstrations of remarkable structural and regulatory properties. Its neuronal functions now extend to long-term depression (LTD), and last year saw the first direct evidence for memory storage by CaMKII. Although CaMKII may have taken the spotlight, it is a member of a large family of diverse and interesting CaM kinases. Our aim is to place CaMKII in context of the other CaM kinases and then review certain aspects of this kinase that are of current interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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40
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Gong SN, Zhu JP, Ma YJ, Zhao DQ. Proteomics of the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus of rats with stress-induced gastric ulcer. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:2911-2923. [PMID: 31249449 PMCID: PMC6589736 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i23.2911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress-induced gastric ulcer (SGU) is one of the most common visceral complications after trauma. Restraint water-immersion stress (RWIS) can cause serious gastrointestinal dysfunction and has been widely used to study the pathogenesis of SGU to identify medications that can cure the disease. The mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD) is the centre integrating visceral and physical activity and contributes to SGU induced by RWIS. Hence, the role of the MD during RWIS needs to be studied.
AIM To screen for differentially expressed proteins in the MD of the RWIS rats to further elucidate molecular mechanisms of SGU.
METHODS Male Wistar rats were selected randomly and divided into two groups, namely, a control group and an RWIS group. Gastric mucosal lesions of the sacrificed rats were measured using the erosion index and the proteomic profiles of the MD were generated through isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) coupled with two-dimensional liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Additionally, iTRAQ results were verified by Western blot analysis.
RESULTS A total of 2853 proteins were identified, and these included 65 dysregulated (31 upregulated and 34 downregulated) proteins (fold change ratio ≥ 1.2). Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that most of the upregulated proteins are primarily related to cell division, whereas most of the downregulated proteins are related to neuron morphogenesis and neurotransmitter regulation. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed that the dysregulated proteins are mainly involved in the neurological disease signalling pathways. Furthermore, our results indicated that glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta might be related to the central mechanism through which RWIS gives rise to SGU.
CONCLUSION Quantitative proteomic analysis elucidated the molecular targets associated with the production of SGU and provides insights into the role of the MD. The underlying molecular mechanisms need to be further dissected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Nan Gong
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying-Jie Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dong-Qin Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
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41
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Sun Y, Feng X, Ding Y, Li M, Yao J, Wang L, Gao Z. Phased Treatment Strategies for Cerebral Ischemia Based on Glutamate Receptors. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:168. [PMID: 31105534 PMCID: PMC6499003 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular glutamate accumulation following cerebral ischemia leads to overactivation of glutamate receptors, thereby resulting in intracellular Ca2+ overload and excitotoxic neuronal injury. Multiple attempts have been made to counteract such effects by reducing glutamate receptor function, but none have been successful. In this minireview, we present the available evidence regarding the role of all types of ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors in cerebral ischemia and propose phased treatment strategies based on glutamate receptors in both the acute and post-acute phases of cerebral ischemia, which may help realize the clinical application of glutamate receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xue Feng
- Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yue Ding
- Shijiazhuang Vocational College of Technology and Information, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengting Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, California State University, Long Beach, CA, United States
| | - Zibin Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China.,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, Shijiazhuang, China
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42
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Li J, Zhang S, Liu X, Han D, Xu J, Ma Y. Neuroprotective effects of leonurine against oxygen-glucose deprivation by targeting Cx36/CaMKII in PC12 cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200705. [PMID: 30016355 PMCID: PMC6049927 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Leonurine has been reported to play an important role in ameliorating cognitive dysfunction, inhibiting ischemic stroke, and attenuating perihematomal edema and neuroinflammation in intracerebral hemorrhage. However, the exact mechanism and potential molecular targets of this effect remain unclear. Thus, in this study we investigated the neuroprotective effects of leonurine on hypoxia ischemia injury and explored the underlying mechanisms. An in vitro model of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced PC12 cells was established to mimic ischemic-like conditions. Cell viability, apoptosis, Cx36 and pCaMKII/CaMKII expression levels were evaluated after treatment with leonurine. The Cx36-selective antagonist mefloquine and CaMKII Inhibitor KN-93 were used to investigate the neuroprotective effect of leonurine on and the involvement of Cx36/CaMKII in this process. The results revealed that cell viability decreased and cell apoptosis and the protein expression of Cx36 and pCaMKII/CaMKII increased in the OGD-induced PC12 cells. Leonurine significantly increased cell viability and decreased cell apoptosis and the protein expression of Cx36 and pCaMKII/CaMKII in the OGD-induced PC12 cells. The specific inhibitor of Cx36 and CaMKII displayed similar protective effects. Moreover, the inhibition of Cx36 reduced pCaMKII levels and the ratio of pCaMKII/CaMKII in the OGD-induced PC12 cells, and vice versa. Taken together, these results suggest that leonurine might have a protective effect on OGD-induced PC12 cells through targeting the Cx36/CaMKII pathway. Thus, leonurine appears to have potential as a preventive or therapeutic drug against ischemic-induced neuronal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Deping Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqin Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfei Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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43
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Adaikkan C, Taha E, Barrera I, David O, Rosenblum K. Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II and Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 Kinase Pathways Mediate the Antidepressant Action of Ketamine. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 84:65-75. [PMID: 29395043 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ketamine is an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, which on administration produces fast-acting antidepressant responses in patients with major depressive disorder. Yet, the mechanism underlying the antidepressant action of ketamine remains unclear. METHODS To unravel the mechanism of action of ketamine, we treated wild-type C57BL/6 mice with calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) specific inhibitor tatCN21 peptide. We also used eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K) (also known as CaMKIII) knockout mice. We analyzed the effects biochemically and behaviorally, using the forced swim, tail suspension, and novelty suppressed feeding tests. RESULTS Consistent with the literature, one of the major pathways mediating the antidepressant action of ketamine was reduction of phosphorylation of eEF2 via eEF2K. Specifically, knocking out eEF2K in mice eliminated phosphorylation of eEF2 at threonine at position 56, resulting in increased protein synthesis, and made mice resistant both biochemically and behaviorally to the antidepressant effects of ketamine. In addition, administration of ketamine led to differential regulation of CaMKII function, manifested as autoinhibition (pT305 phosphorylation) followed by autoactivation (pT286) of CaMKIIα in the hippocampus and cortex. The inhibition phase of CaMKII, which lasted 10 to 20 minutes after administration of ketamine, occurred concurrently with eEF2K-dependent increased protein synthesis. Moreover, ketamine administration-dependent delayed induction of GluA1 (24 hours) was regulated by the activation of CaMKII. Importantly, systemic administration of the CaMKII inhibitor tatCN21 increased global protein synthesis and induced behavioral resistance to ketamine. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that drugs that selectively target CaMKs and regulate protein synthesis offer novel strategies for treatment of major depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elham Taha
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Iliana Barrera
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Orit David
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Kobi Rosenblum
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel; Center for Gene Manipulation in the Brain, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel.
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44
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Simats A, García-Berrocoso T, Ramiro L, Giralt D, Gill N, Penalba A, Bustamante A, Rosell A, Montaner J. Characterization of the rat cerebrospinal fluid proteome following acute cerebral ischemia using an aptamer-based proteomic technology. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7899. [PMID: 29784938 PMCID: PMC5962600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26237-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The limited accessibility to the brain has turned the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into a valuable source that may contribute to the complete understanding of the stroke pathophysiology. Here we have described the CSF proteome in the hyper-acute phase of cerebral ischemia by performing an aptamer-based proteomic assay (SOMAscan) in CSF samples collected before and 30 min after male Wistar rats had undergone a 90 min Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) or sham-surgery. Proteomic results indicated that cerebral ischemia acutely increased the CSF levels of 716 proteins, mostly overrepresented in leukocyte chemotaxis and neuronal death processes. Seven promising candidates were further evaluated in rat plasma and brain (CKB, CaMK2A, CaMK2B, CaMK2D, PDXP, AREG, CMPK). The 3 CaMK2 family-members and CMPK early decreased in the infarcted brain area and, together with AREG, co-localized with neurons. Conversely, CKB levels remained consistent after the insult and specifically matched with astrocytes. Further exploration of these candidates in human plasma revealed the potential of CKB and CMPK to diagnose stroke, while CaMK2B and CMPK resulted feasible biomarkers of functional stroke outcome. Our findings provided insights into the CSF proteome following cerebral ischemia and identified new outstanding proteins that might be further considered as potential biomarkers of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Simats
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa García-Berrocoso
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Ramiro
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolors Giralt
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Gill
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Penalba
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Bustamante
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Rosell
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Montaner
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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45
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Poon AD, McGill SH, Bhupanapadu Sunkesula SR, Burgess ZS, Dunne PJ, Kang EE, Bittner GD. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and Dimethyl Sulfoxide affect the sealing frequencies of transected hippocampal neurons. J Neurosci Res 2018; 96:1208-1222. [PMID: 29577375 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic injury often results in axonal severance, initiating obligatory Wallerian degeneration of distal segments, whereas proximal segments often survive. Calcium ion (Ca2+ ) influx at severed proximal axonal ends activates pathways that can induce apoptosis. However, this same Ca2+ -influx also activates multiple parallel pathways that seal the plasmalemma by inducing accumulation and fusion of vesicles at the lesion site that reduce Ca2+ -influx and enhance survival. We examined whether various inhibitors of Ca2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaMKs), and/or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a common solvent for biologically active substances, affected the ability of a hippocampal-derived neuronal cell line (B104 cells) to seal membrane damage following axotomy. Axolemmal sealing frequencies were assessed at different transection distances from the axon hillock and at various times after Ca2+ -influx (PC times) by observing whether transected cells took-up fluorescent dyes. Inhibition of CaMKII by tatCN21 and KN-93, but not inhibition of CaMKI and CaMKIV by STO-609, affected axonal sealing frequencies. That is, CaMKII is a component of previously reported parallel pathways that induce membrane sealing, whereas CaMKI and CaMKIV are not involved. The effects of these CaMKII inhibitors on plasmalemmal sealing depended on their mechanism of inhibition, transection distance, and PC time. DMSO at low concentrations (90 µM-28 mM or 0.00064%-0.2% v/v) significantly increased membrane-sealing frequencies at most PC times and transection distances, possibly by permeabilizing the plasmalemma to Ca2+ . Inhibition of CaMKII, DMSO, PC time, and the transection distance significantly affect plasmalemmal sealing that is critical to somal survival in traumatic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Poon
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, 2415 Speedway Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Sarah H McGill
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, 2415 Speedway Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | | | - Zachary S Burgess
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, 2415 Speedway Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Patrick J Dunne
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, 2415 Speedway Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Edward E Kang
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, 2415 Speedway Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - George D Bittner
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, 2415 Speedway Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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46
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Min JW, Kong WL, Han S, Bsoul N, Liu WH, He XH, Sanchez RM, Peng BW. Vitexin protects against hypoxic-ischemic injury via inhibiting Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and apoptosis signaling in the neonatal mouse brain. Oncotarget 2018; 8:25513-25524. [PMID: 28424420 PMCID: PMC5421947 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic is a major cause of death and disability in neonates. In this study, we suggest for the first time that pretreatment with vitexin may suppress a pro-apoptotic signaling pathway in hypoxic-ischemic neuronal injury in neonates by inhibition of the phosphorylation of Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. Here we found that vitexin pretreatment reduced brain infarct volume in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, vitexin decreased the number of TUNEL-positive cells and brain atrophy. Furthermore, vitexin improved neurobehavioral outcomes. Vitexin also reduced oxygen glucose deprivation-induced neuronal injury and calcium entry. Vitexin pretreatment increased the Bcl-2/Bax protein ratio and decreased phosphorylation of Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and NF-κB, cleaved caspase-3 protein expression 24 hours after injury. Our data indicate that pretreatment with vitexin protects against neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and thus has potential as a treatment for hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Min
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei-Lin Kong
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Song Han
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Nageeb Bsoul
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wan-Hong Liu
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Hua He
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Russell M Sanchez
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Bi-Wen Peng
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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47
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Kahl A, Blanco I, Jackman K, Baskar J, Milaganur Mohan H, Rodney-Sandy R, Zhang S, Iadecola C, Hochrainer K. Cerebral ischemia induces the aggregation of proteins linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2701. [PMID: 29426953 PMCID: PMC5807442 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21063-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein aggregation critically affects cell viability in neurodegenerative diseases, but whether this also occurs in ischemic brain injury remains elusive. Prior studies report the post-ischemic aggregation of ubiquitin, small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) and ribosomes, however whether other proteins are also affected is unknown. Here we employed a proteomic approach to identify the insoluble, aggregated proteome after cerebral ischemia. Mice underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion or sham-surgery. After 1-hour reperfusion, prior to apparent brain injury, mice were sacrificed and detergent-insoluble proteins were obtained and identified by nanoLC-MS/MS. Naturally existing insoluble proteins were determined in sham controls and aggregated proteins after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion were identified. Selected aggregated proteins found by proteomics were biochemically verified and aggregation propensities were studied during ischemia with or without reperfusion. We found that ischemia/reperfusion induces the aggregation of RNA-binding and heat-shock proteins, ubiquitin, SUMO and other proteins involved in cell signalling. RNA-binding proteins constitute the largest group of aggregating proteins in ischemia. These include TDP43, FUS, hnRNPA1, PSF/SFPQ and p54/NONO, all of which have been linked to neurodegeneration associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. The aggregation of neurodegeneration-related disease proteins in cerebral ischemia unveils a previously unappreciated molecular overlap between neurodegenerative diseases and ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Kahl
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY10065, USA
| | - Ismary Blanco
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY10065, USA
| | - Katherine Jackman
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY10065, USA
| | - Juhi Baskar
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY10065, USA
| | - Harihar Milaganur Mohan
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY10065, USA
| | - Reunet Rodney-Sandy
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY10065, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Life Sciences Biotechnologies, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14853, USA
| | - Costantino Iadecola
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY10065, USA
| | - Karin Hochrainer
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY10065, USA.
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48
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Neef S, Steffens A, Pellicena P, Mustroph J, Lebek S, Ort KR, Schulman H, Maier LS. Improvement of cardiomyocyte function by a novel pyrimidine-based CaMKII-inhibitor. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 115:73-81. [PMID: 29294328 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pathologically increased activity of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and the associated Ca2+-leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum are recognized to be important novel pharmacotherapeutic targets in heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias. However, CaMKII-inhibitory compounds for therapeutic use are still lacking. We now report on the cellular and molecular effects of a novel pyrimidine-based CaMKII inhibitor developed towards clinical use. METHODS AND RESULTS Our findings demonstrate that AS105 is a high-affinity ATP-competitive CaMKII-inhibitor that by its mode of action is also effective against autophosphorylated CaMKII (in contrast to the commonly used allosteric CaMKII-inhibitor KN-93). In isolated atrial cardiomyocytes from human donors and ventricular myocytes from CaMKIIδC-overexpressing mice with heart failure, AS105 effectively reduced diastolic SR Ca2+ leak by 38% to 65% as measured by Ca2+-sparks or tetracaine-sensitive shift in [Ca2+]i. Consistent with this, we found that AS105 suppressed arrhythmogenic spontaneous cardiomyocyte Ca2+-release (by 53%). Also, the ability of the SR to accumulate Ca2+ was enhanced by AS105, as indicated by improved post-rest potentiation of Ca2+-transient amplitudes and increased SR Ca2+-content in the murine cells. Accordingly, these cells had improved systolic Ca2+-transient amplitudes and contractility during basal stimulation. Importantly, CaMKII inhibition did not compromise systolic fractional Ca2+-release, diastolic SR Ca2+-reuptake via SERCA2a or Ca2+-extrusion via NCX. CONCLUSION AS105 is a novel, highly potent ATP-competitive CaMKII inhibitor. In vitro, it effectively reduced SR Ca2+-leak, thus improving SR Ca2+-accumulation and reducing cellular arrhythmogenic correlates, without negatively influencing excitation-contraction coupling. These findings further validate CaMKII as a key target in cardiovascular disease, implicated by genetic, allosteric inhibitors, and pseudo-substrate inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Neef
- Dept. of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Steffens
- Dept. of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Julian Mustroph
- Dept. of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Simon Lebek
- Dept. of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katharina R Ort
- Dept. of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Lars S Maier
- Dept. of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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49
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Woolfrey KM, O'Leary H, Goodell DJ, Robertson HR, Horne EA, Coultrap SJ, Dell'Acqua ML, Bayer KU. CaMKII regulates the depalmitoylation and synaptic removal of the scaffold protein AKAP79/150 to mediate structural long-term depression. J Biol Chem 2017; 293:1551-1567. [PMID: 29196604 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.813808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Both long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD) of excitatory synapse strength require the Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and its autonomous activity generated by Thr-286 autophosphorylation. Additionally, LTP and LTD are correlated with dendritic spine enlargement and shrinkage that are accompanied by the synaptic accumulation or removal, respectively, of the AMPA-receptor regulatory scaffold protein A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) 79/150. We show here that the spine shrinkage associated with LTD indeed requires synaptic AKAP79/150 removal, which in turn requires CaMKII activity. In contrast to normal CaMKII substrates, the substrate sites within the AKAP79/150 N-terminal polybasic membrane-cytoskeletal targeting domain were phosphorylated more efficiently by autonomous compared with Ca2+/CaM-stimulated CaMKII activity. This unusual regulation was mediated by Ca2+/CaM binding to the substrate sites resulting in protection from phosphorylation in the presence of Ca2+/CaM, a mechanism that favors phosphorylation by prolonged, weak LTD stimuli versus brief, strong LTP stimuli. Phosphorylation by CaMKII inhibited AKAP79/150 association with F-actin; it also facilitated AKAP79/150 removal from spines but was not required for it. By contrast, LTD-induced spine removal of AKAP79/150 required its depalmitoylation on two Cys residues within the N-terminal targeting domain. Notably, such LTD-induced depalmitoylation was also blocked by CaMKII inhibition. These results provide a mechanism how CaMKII can indeed mediate not only LTP but also LTD through regulated substrate selection; however, in the case of AKAP79/150, indirect CaMKII effects on palmitoylation are more important than the effects of direct phosphorylation. Additionally, our results provide the first direct evidence for a function of the well-described AKAP79/150 trafficking in regulating LTD-induced spine shrinkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Woolfrey
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Heather O'Leary
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Dayton J Goodell
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Holly R Robertson
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Eric A Horne
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Steven J Coultrap
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Mark L Dell'Acqua
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
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50
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Deng G, Orfila JE, Dietz RM, Moreno-Garcia M, Rodgers KM, Coultrap SJ, Quillinan N, Traystman RJ, Bayer KU, Herson PS. Autonomous CaMKII Activity as a Drug Target for Histological and Functional Neuroprotection after Resuscitation from Cardiac Arrest. Cell Rep 2017; 18:1109-1117. [PMID: 28147268 PMCID: PMC5540152 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a major mediator of physiological glutamate signaling, but its role in pathological glutamate signaling (excitotoxicity) remains less clear, with indications for both neurotoxic and neuro-protective functions. Here, the role of CaMKII in ischemic injury is assessed utilizing our mouse model of cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR). CaMKII inhibition (with tatCN21 or tatCN19o) at clinically relevant time points (30 min after resuscitation) greatly reduces neuronal injury. Importantly, CaMKII inhibition also works in combination with mild hypothermia, the current standard of care. The relevant drug target is specifically Ca2+-independent “autonomous” CaMKII activity generated by T286 autophosphorylation, as indicated by substantial reduction in injury in autonomy-incompetent T286A mutant mice. In addition to reducing cell death, tatCN19o also protects the surviving neurons from functional plasticity impairments and prevents behavioral learning deficits, even at extremely low doses (0.01 mg/kg), further highlighting the clinical potential of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiying Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - James E Orfila
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Robert M Dietz
- Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Myriam Moreno-Garcia
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Krista M Rodgers
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Steve J Coultrap
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Richard J Traystman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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