1
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Chowdhury R, Eslami S, Pham CV, Rai A, Lin J, Hou Y, Greening DW, Duan W. Role of aptamer technology in extracellular vesicle biology and therapeutic applications. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:11457-11479. [PMID: 38856692 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00207e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived nanosized membrane-bound vesicles that are important intercellular signalling regulators in local cell-to-cell and distant cell-to-tissue communication. Their inherent capacity to transverse cell membranes and transfer complex bioactive cargo reflective of their cell source, as well as their ability to be modified through various engineering and modification strategies, have attracted significant therapeutic interest. Molecular bioengineering strategies are providing a new frontier for EV-based therapy, including novel mRNA vaccines, antigen cross-presentation and immunotherapy, organ delivery and repair, and cancer immune surveillance and targeted therapeutics. The revolution of EVs, their diversity as biocarriers and their potential to contribute to intercellular communication, is well understood and appreciated but is ultimately dependent on the development of methods and techniques for their isolation, characterization and enhanced targeting. As single-stranded oligonucleotides, aptamers, also known as chemical antibodies, offer significant biological, chemical, economic, and therapeutic advantages in terms of their size, selectivity, versatility, and multifunctional programming. Their integration into the field of EVs has been contributing to the development of isolation, detection, and analysis pipelines associated with bioengineering strategies for nano-meets-molecular biology, thus translating their use for therapeutic and diagnostic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocky Chowdhury
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, and IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| | - Sadegh Eslami
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Cuong Viet Pham
- Molecular Imaging and Theranostics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Alin Rai
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Translation and Implementation, and La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jia Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingchu Hou
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular and Cellular Biology College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University 620 West Chang'an Avenue, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, China
| | - David W Greening
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Translation and Implementation, and La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Wei Duan
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, and IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia.
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2
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Saidi D, Obeidat M, Alsotari S, Ibrahim AA, Al-Buqain R, Wehaibi S, Alqudah DA, Nsairat H, Alshaer W, Alkilany AM. Formulation optimization of lyophilized aptamer-gold nanoparticles: Maintained colloidal stability and cellular uptake. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30743. [PMID: 38774322 PMCID: PMC11107208 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Anti-nucleolin (NCL) aptamer AS1411 is the first anticancer aptamer tested in clinical trials. Gold nanoparticles (AuNP) have been widely exploited for various biomedical applications due to their unique functional properties. In this study, we evaluated the colloidal stability and targeting capacity of AS1411-funtionalized AuNP (AuNP/NCL-Apt) against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line before and after lyophilization. Trehalose, mannitol, and sucrose at various concentrations were evaluated to determine their cryoprotection effects. Our results indicate that sucrose at 10 % (w/v) exhibits the best cryoprotection effect and minimal AuNP/NCL-Apt aggregation as confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. Moreover, the lyophilized AuNP/NCL-Apt at optimized formulation maintained its targeting and cytotoxic functionality against MCF-7 cells as proven by the cellular uptake assays utilizing flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis of nucleolin-target gene expression also confirmed the effectiveness of AuNP/NCL-Apt. This study highlights the importance of selecting the proper type and concentration of cryoprotectant in the typical nanoparticle lyophilization process and contributes to our understanding of the physical and biological properties of functionalized nanoparticles upon lyophilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalya Saidi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Marya Obeidat
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Shrouq Alsotari
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Abed-Alqader Ibrahim
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2907 E. Gate City Blvd, Greensboro, NC, 27401, USA
| | - Rula Al-Buqain
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Suha Wehaibi
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Dana A. Alqudah
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Hamdi Nsairat
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan
| | - Walhan Alshaer
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
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3
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Suchanski J, Reza S, Urbaniak A, Woldanska W, Kocbach B, Ugorski M. Galactosylceramide Upregulates the Expression of the BCL2 Gene and Downregulates the Expression of TNFRSF1B and TNFRSF9 Genes, Acting as an Anti-Apoptotic Molecule in Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:389. [PMID: 38254878 PMCID: PMC10813928 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Galactosylceramide (GalCer) increases the resistance of breast cancer cells to doxorubicin, paclitaxel, and cisplatin by acting as an anti-apoptotic molecule. GalCer was found to specifically downregulate the levels of the pro-apoptotic TNFRSF1B and TNFRSF9 genes and upregulate the levels of the anti-apoptotic BCL2 gene, suggesting that this glycosphingolipid regulates their expression at the transcriptional level. Consistent with this hypothesis, MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 breast cancer cells with high levels of GalCer showed lower activity of the TNFRSF1B and TNFRSF9 promoters than cells lacking GalCer. In contrast, the activity of the BCL2 promoter was higher in MCF7 cells overproducing GalCer than in MCF7 cells without GalCer. However, no difference in BCL2 promoter activity was observed between MDA-MB-231 cells with high and no GalCer content. Instead, we found that high levels of GalCer increased the stability of Bcl-2 mRNA. Subsequent studies showed that breast cancer cells with high levels of GalCer are characterized by significantly lower expression of P53. Importantly, inhibition of P53 expression by siRNA in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells lacking GalCer resulted in decreased expression and promoter activity of the TNFRS1B and TNFRSF9 genes. On the other hand, increased expression and promoter activity of the BCL2 gene was found in such MCF7 cells, and increased stability of Bcl-2 transcripts was observed in such MDA-MB-231 cells. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that the regulatory protein that simultaneously increases the expression of the TNFRSF1B and TNFRSF9 genes and decreases the expression of the BCL2 gene and the stability of Bcl-2 transcripts is most likely P53, the expression of which is GalCer dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Maciej Ugorski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 31, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.S.)
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4
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Jaiswal AK, Thaxton ML, Scherer GM, Sorrentino JP, Garg NK, Rao DS. Small molecule inhibition of RNA binding proteins in haematologic cancer. RNA Biol 2024; 21:1-14. [PMID: 38329136 PMCID: PMC10857685 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2303558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, advances in biomedicine have revealed an important role for post-transcriptional mechanisms of gene expression regulation in pathologic conditions. In cancer in general and leukaemia specifically, RNA binding proteins have emerged as important regulator of RNA homoeostasis that are often dysregulated in the disease state. Having established the importance of these pathogenetic mechanisms, there have been a number of efforts to target RNA binding proteins using oligonucleotide-based strategies, as well as with small organic molecules. The field is at an exciting inflection point with the convergence of biomedical knowledge, small molecule screening strategies and improved chemical methods for synthesis and construction of sophisticated small molecules. Here, we review the mechanisms of post-transcriptional gene regulation, specifically in leukaemia, current small-molecule based efforts to target RNA binding proteins, and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K. Jaiswal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michelle L. Thaxton
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Georgia M. Scherer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jacob P. Sorrentino
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Neil K. Garg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dinesh S. Rao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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5
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Brothers WR, Ali F, Kajjo S, Fabian MR. The EDC4-XRN1 interaction controls P-body dynamics to link mRNA decapping with decay. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113933. [PMID: 37621215 PMCID: PMC10620763 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023113933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Deadenylation-dependent mRNA decapping and decay is the major cytoplasmic mRNA turnover pathway in eukaryotes. Many mRNA decapping and decay factors are associated with each other via protein-protein interaction motifs. For example, the decapping enzyme DCP2 and the 5'-3' exonuclease XRN1 interact with the enhancer of mRNA-decapping protein 4 (EDC4), a large scaffold that has been reported to stimulate mRNA decapping. mRNA decapping and decay factors are also found in processing bodies (P-bodies), evolutionarily conserved ribonucleoprotein granules that are often enriched with mRNAs targeted for decay, yet paradoxically are not required for mRNA decay to occur. Here, we show that disrupting the EDC4-XRN1 interaction or altering their stoichiometry inhibits mRNA decapping, with microRNA-targeted mRNAs being stabilized in a translationally repressed state. Importantly, we demonstrate that this concomitantly leads to larger P-bodies that are responsible for preventing mRNA decapping. Finally, we demonstrate that P-bodies support cell viability and prevent stress granule formation when XRN1 is limiting. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the interaction between XRN1 and EDC4 regulates P-body dynamics to properly coordinate mRNA decapping with 5'-3' decay in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Brothers
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical ResearchJewish General HospitalMontrealQCCanada
| | - Farah Ali
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical ResearchJewish General HospitalMontrealQCCanada
| | - Sam Kajjo
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical ResearchJewish General HospitalMontrealQCCanada
| | - Marc R Fabian
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical ResearchJewish General HospitalMontrealQCCanada
- Department of BiochemistryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
- Department of OncologyMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
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6
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Chen S, Zhou Y, Peng P, Xu L, Tang Q, Chen W, Gu W. SNHG15-Mediated Localization of Nucleolin at the Cell Protrusions Regulates CDH2 mRNA Expression and Cell Invasion. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15600. [PMID: 37958584 PMCID: PMC10650932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
LncRNAs are emerging as important regulators of gene expression by controlling transcription in the nucleus and by modulating mRNA translation in the cytoplasm. In this study, we reveal a novel function of lncRNA SNHG15 in mediating breast cancer cell invasion through regulating the local translation of CDH2 mRNA. We show that SNHG15 preferentially localizes at the cellular protrusions or cell leading edge and that this localization is directed by IMP1, a multifunctional protein involved in many aspects of RNA regulation. We demonstrate that SNHG15 also forms a complex with nucleolin, allowing nucleolin to be co-transported with SNHG15 to the cell protrusions, where the accumulated nucleolin is able to bind to CDH2 mRNA. Interaction with nucleolin stabilizes local CDH2 mRNA and regulates its translation, thus promoting cell invasive potential. Our findings reveal an underlying mechanism by which lncRNA could serve as a carrier to transport a protein regulator into a specific cell compartment to enhance target mRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Gu
- Key Immunopathology Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (S.C.); (Y.Z.); (P.P.); (L.X.); (Q.T.); (W.C.)
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7
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Van den Avont A, Sharma-Walia N. Anti-nucleolin aptamer AS1411: an advancing therapeutic. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1217769. [PMID: 37808518 PMCID: PMC10551449 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1217769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapy is highly desirable, as it allows for selective cytotoxicity on diseased cells without off-target side effects. Nucleolin is a remarkable target for cancer therapy given its high abundance, selective presence on the plasma membrane, and multifaceted influence on the initiation and progression of cancer. Nucleolin is a protein overexpressed on the cell membrane in many tumors and serves as a binding protein for several ligands implicated in angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. Nucleolin is present in the cytoplasm, nucleoplasm, and nucleolus and is used by selected pathogens for cell entry. AS1411 is a guanosine-rich oligonucleotide aptamer that binds nucleolin and is internalized in the tumor cells. AS1411 is well tolerated at therapeutic doses and localizes to tumor cells overexpressing nucleolin. AS1411 has a good safety profile with efficacy in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia and renal cell carcinoma producing mild or moderate side effects. The promising potential of AS1411 is its ability to be conjugated to drugs and nanoparticles. When a drug is bound to AS1411, the drug will localize to tumor cells leading to targeted therapy with fewer systemic side effects than traditional practices. AS1411 can also be bound to nanoparticles capable of detecting nucleolin at concentrations far lower than lab techniques used today for cancer diagnosis. AS1411 has a promising potential to change cancer diagnoses and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neelam Sharma-Walia
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
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8
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Xiao CD, Zhong MQ, Gao Y, Yang ZL, Jia MH, Hu XH, Xu Y, Shen XC. A Unique G-Quadruplex Aptamer: A Novel Approach for Cancer Cell Recognition, Cell Membrane Visualization, and RSV Infection Detection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14344. [PMID: 37762645 PMCID: PMC10531985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface staining has emerged as a rapid technique for applying external stains to trace cellular identities in diverse populations. In this study, we developed a distinctive aptamer with selective binding to cell surface nucleolin (NCL), bypassing cytoplasmic internalization. Conjugation of the aptamer with a FAM group facilitated NCL visualization on live cell surfaces with laser confocal microscopy. To validate the aptamer-NCL interaction, we employed various methods, including the surface plasmon resonance, IHC-based flow cytometry, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The G-quadruplex formations created by aptamers were confirmed with a nuclear magnetic resonance and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay utilizing BG4, a G-quadruplex-specific antibody. Furthermore, the aptamer exhibited discriminatory potential in distinguishing between cancerous and normal cells using flow cytometry. Notably, it functioned as a dynamic probe, allowing real-time monitoring of heightened NCL expression triggered by a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) on normal cell surfaces. This effect was subsequently counteracted with dsRNA transfection and suppressed the NCL expression; thus, emphasizing the dynamic attributes of the probe. These collective findings highlight the robust versatility of our aptamer as a powerful tool for imaging cell surfaces, holding promising implications for cancer cell identification and the detection of RSV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Da Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (M.-Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.-L.Y.); (M.-H.J.); (X.-H.H.)
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ming-Qing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (M.-Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.-L.Y.); (M.-H.J.); (X.-H.H.)
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yue Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (M.-Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.-L.Y.); (M.-H.J.); (X.-H.H.)
| | - Zheng-Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (M.-Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.-L.Y.); (M.-H.J.); (X.-H.H.)
| | - Meng-Hao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (M.-Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.-L.Y.); (M.-H.J.); (X.-H.H.)
| | - Xiao-Hui Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (M.-Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.-L.Y.); (M.-H.J.); (X.-H.H.)
| | - Yan Xu
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan;
| | - Xiang-Chun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (M.-Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (Z.-L.Y.); (M.-H.J.); (X.-H.H.)
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
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9
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Thongchot S, Aksonnam K, Thuwajit P, Yenchitsomanus PT, Thuwajit C. Nucleolin‑based targeting strategies in cancer treatment: Focus on cancer immunotherapy (Review). Int J Mol Med 2023; 52:81. [PMID: 37477132 PMCID: PMC10555485 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The benefits of treating several types of cancers using immunotherapy have recently been established. The overexpression of nucleolin (NCL) in a number of types of cancer provides an attractive antigen target for the development of novel anticancer immunotherapeutic treatments. NCL is a multifunctional protein abundantly distributed in the nucleus, cytoplasm and cell membrane. It influences carcinogenesis, and the proliferation, survival and metastasis of cancer cells, leading to cancer progression. Additionally, the meta‑analysis of total and cytoplasmic NCL overexpression indicates a poor prognosis of patients with breast cancer. The AS1411 aptamers currently appear to have therapeutic action in the phase II clinical trial. The authors' research group has recently explored the anticancer function of NCL through the activation of T cells by dendritic cell‑based immunotherapy. The present review describes and discusses the mechanisms through which the multiple functions of NCL can participate in the progression of cancer. In addition, the studies that define the utility of NCL‑dependent anticancer therapies are summarized, with specific focus being paid to cancer immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyanee Thongchot
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University
| | - Krittaya Aksonnam
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University
| | - Peti Thuwajit
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University
| | - Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Chanitra Thuwajit
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University
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10
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Chowdhury MN, Jin H. The RGG motif proteins: Interactions, functions, and regulations. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 14:e1748. [PMID: 35661420 PMCID: PMC9718894 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Proteins with motifs rich in arginines and glycines were discovered decades ago and are functionally involved in a staggering range of essential processes in the cell. Versatile, specific, yet adaptable molecular interactions enabled by the unique combination of arginine and glycine, combined with multiplicity of molecular recognition conferred by repeated di-, tri-, and multiple peptide motifs, allow RGG motif proteins to interact with a broad range of proteins and nucleic acids. Furthermore, posttranslational modifications at the arginines in the motif extend the RGG protein's capacity for a fine-tuned regulation. In this review, we focus on the biochemical properties of the RGG motif, its molecular interactions with RNAs and proteins, and roles of the posttranslational modification in modulating their interactions. We discuss current knowledge of the RGG motif proteins involved in mRNA transport and translation, highlight our merging understanding of their molecular functions in translational regulation and summarize areas of research in the future critical in understanding this important family of proteins. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Recognition RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications Translation > Mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashiat N. Chowdhury
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Hong Jin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801,Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, 1206 West Gregory Drive, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801,Corresponding author: Phone: (217)244-9493, Fax: (217)244-5858,
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11
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Nucleolin; A tumor associated antigen as a potential lung cancer biomarker. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 240:154160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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12
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San A, Palmieri D, Saxena A, Singh S. In silico study predicts a key role of RNA-binding domains 3 and 4 in nucleolin-miRNA interactions. Proteins 2022; 90:1837-1850. [PMID: 35514080 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
RNA binding proteins (RBPs) regulate many important cellular processes through their interactions with RNA molecules. RBPs are critical for posttranscriptional mechanisms keeping gene regulation in a fine equilibrium. Conversely, dysregulation of RBPs and RNA metabolism pathways is an established hallmark of tumorigenesis. Human nucleolin (NCL) is a multifunctional RBP that interacts with different types of RNA molecules, in part through its four RNA binding domains (RBDs). Particularly, NCL interacts directly with microRNAs (miRNAs) and is involved in their aberrant processing linked with many cancers, including breast cancer. Nonetheless, molecular details of the NCL-miRNA interaction remain obscure. In this study, we used an in silico approach to characterize how NCL targets miRNAs and whether this specificity is imposed by a definite RBD-interface. Here, we present structural models of NCL-RBDs and miRNAs, as well as predict scenarios of NCL-miRNA interactions generated using docking algorithms. Our study suggests a predominant role of NCL RBDs 3 and 4 (RBD3-4) in miRNA binding. We provide detailed analyses of specific motifs/residues at the NCL-substrate interface in both these RBDs and miRNAs. Finally, we propose that the evolutionary emergence of more than two RBDs in NCL in higher organisms coincides with its additional role/s in miRNA processing. Our study shows that RBD3-4 display sequence/structural determinants to specifically recognize miRNA precursor molecules. Moreover, the insights from this study can ultimately support the design of novel antineoplastic drugs aimed at regulating NCL-dependent biological pathways with a causal role in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avdar San
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, USA
- The Biochemistry PhD Program, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dario Palmieri
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Anjana Saxena
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, USA
- The Biochemistry PhD Program, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shaneen Singh
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, USA
- The Biochemistry PhD Program, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
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13
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Tran TM, Rao DS. RNA binding proteins in MLL-rearranged leukemia. Exp Hematol Oncol 2022; 11:80. [PMID: 36307883 PMCID: PMC9615162 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00343-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractRNA binding proteins (RBPs) have recently emerged as important post-transcriptional gene expression regulators in both normal development and disease. RBPs influence the fate of mRNAs through multiple mechanisms of action such as RNA modifications, alternative splicing, and miR-mediated regulation. This complex and, often, combinatorial regulation by RBPs critically impacts the expression of oncogenic transcripts and, thus, the activation of pathways that drive oncogenesis. Here, we focus on the major features of RBPs, their mechanisms of action, and discuss the current progress in investigating the function of important RBPs in MLL-rearranged leukemia.
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14
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Yi Q, Deng Z, Yue J, He J, Xiong J, Sun W, Sun W. RNA binding proteins in osteoarthritis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:954376. [PMID: 36003144 PMCID: PMC9393224 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.954376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic degenerative joint disease worldwide. The pathological features of OA are the erosion of articular cartilage, subchondral bone sclerosis, synovitis, and metabolic disorder. Its progression is characterized by aberrant expression of genes involved in inflammation, proliferation, and metabolism of chondrocytes. Effective therapeutic strategies are limited, as mechanisms underlying OA pathophysiology remain unclear. Significant research efforts are ongoing to elucidate the complex molecular mechanisms underlying OA focused on gene transcription. However, posttranscriptional alterations also play significant function in inflammation and metabolic changes related diseases. RNA binding proteins (RBPs) have been recognized as important regulators in posttranscriptional regulation. RBPs regulate RNA subcellular localization, stability, and translational efficiency by binding to their target mRNAs, thereby controlling their protein expression. However, their role in OA is less clear. Identifying RBPs in OA is of great importance to better understand OA pathophysiology and to figure out potential targets for OA treatment. Hence, in this manuscript, we summarize the recent knowledge on the role of dysregulated RBPs in OA and hope it will provide new insight for OA study and targeted treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yi
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhenhan Deng
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaji Yue
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinglong He
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianyi Xiong
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Sun, ; Weichao Sun,
| | - Weichao Sun
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
- The Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Sun, ; Weichao Sun,
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Yangngam S, Prasopsiri J, Hatthakarnkul P, Thongchot S, Thuwajit P, Yenchitsomanus PT, Edwards J, Thuwajit C. Cellular localization of nucleolin determines the prognosis in cancers: a meta-analysis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1145-1157. [PMID: 35861882 PMCID: PMC9329415 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02228-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Nucleolin (NCL) is a multifunctional protein expressed in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane. Overexpression of NCL has a controversial role as a poor prognostic marker in cancers. In this study, a meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic value of NCL in different subcellular localizations (cytoplasmic (CyNCL) and nuclear (NuNCL)) across a range of cancers. PubMed was searched for relevant publications. Data were extracted and analyzed from 12 studies involving 1221 patients with eight cancer types. The results revealed high total NCL was significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) (HR = 2.85 (1.94, 4.91), p < 0.00001, I2 = 59%) and short disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 3.57 (2.76, 4.62), p < 0.00001, I2 = 2%). High CyNCL was significantly associated with poor OS (HR = 4.32 (3.01, 6.19), p < 0.00001, I2 = 0%) and short DFS (HR = 3.00 (2.17, 4.15), p < 0.00001, I2 = 0%). In contrast, high NuNCL correlated with increased patient OS (HR = 0.42 (0.20, 0.86), p = 0.02, I2 = 66%), with no significant correlation to DFS observed (HR = 0.46 (0.19, 1.14), p = 0.09, I2 = 57%). This study supports the role of subcellular NCL as a poor prognostic cancer biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supaporn Yangngam
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Jaturawitt Prasopsiri
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Phimmada Hatthakarnkul
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.,Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Suyanee Thongchot
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.,Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Peti Thuwajit
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Joanne Edwards
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Chanitra Thuwajit
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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16
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Wang J, Wang Z, Lin W, Han Q, Yan H, Yao W, Dong R, Jia D, Dong K, Li K. LINC01296 promotes neuroblastoma tumorigenesis via the NCL-SOX11 regulatory complex. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:834-848. [PMID: 35317520 PMCID: PMC8917274 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood. Long non-coding RNA LINC01296 has been shown to predict the invasiveness and poor outcomes of patients with NB. Our study validated its prognostic value and investigated the biological function and potential mechanism of LINC01296 regulating NB. Results illuminated that LINC01296 expression was significantly correlated with unfavorable prognosis and malignant clinical features according to the public NB database. We identified that silencing LINC01296 repressed NB cell proliferation and migration and promoted apoptosis. Moreover, LINC01296 knockdown inhibited tumor growth in vivo. The opposite results were observed through the dCas9 Synergistic Activation Mediator System (dCas9/SAM) activating LINC01296. Mechanistically, we revealed that LINC01296 could directly bind to nucleolin (NCL), forming a complex that activated SRY-box transcription factor 11 (SOX11) gene transcription and accelerated tumor progression. In conclusion, our findings uncover a crucial role of the LINC01296-NCL-SOX11 complex in NB tumorigenesis and may serve as a prognostic biomarker and effective therapeutic target for NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Zuopeng Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Weihong Lin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Qilei Han
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Hanlei Yan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Rui Dong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Deshui Jia
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Biology, Department of Urology, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Kuiran Dong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China
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Kajjo S, Sharma S, Chen S, Brothers WR, Cott M, Hasaj B, Jovanovic P, Larsson O, Fabian MR. PABP prevents the untimely decay of select mRNA populations in human cells. EMBO J 2022; 41:e108650. [PMID: 35156721 PMCID: PMC8922270 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021108650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression is tightly regulated at the levels of both mRNA translation and stability. The poly(A)-binding protein (PABP) is thought to play a role in regulating these processes by binding the mRNA 3' poly(A) tail and interacting with both the translation and mRNA deadenylation machineries. In this study, we directly investigate the impact of PABP on translation and stability of endogenous mRNAs in human cells. Remarkably, our transcriptome-wide analysis only detects marginal mRNA translation changes in PABP-depleted cells. In contrast, rapidly depleting PABP alters mRNA abundance and stability, albeit non-uniformly. Otherwise stable transcripts, including those encoding proteins with constitutive functions, are destabilized in PABP-depleted cells. In contrast, many unstable mRNAs, including those encoding proteins with regulatory functions, decay at similar rates in presence or absence of PABP. Moreover, PABP depletion-induced cell death can partially be suppressed by disrupting the mRNA decapping and 5'-3' decay machinery. Finally, we provide evidence that the LSM1-7 complex promotes decay of "stable" mRNAs in PABP-depleted cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that PABP plays an important role in preventing the untimely decay of select mRNA populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Kajjo
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sahil Sharma
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Shan Chen
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - William R Brothers
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Megan Cott
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Benedeta Hasaj
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Predrag Jovanovic
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ola Larsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marc R Fabian
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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18
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Tong X, Ga L, Ai J, Wang Y. Progress in cancer drug delivery based on AS1411 oriented nanomaterials. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:57. [PMID: 35101048 PMCID: PMC8805415 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01240-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted cancer therapy has become one of the most important medical methods because of the spreading and metastatic nature of cancer. Based on the introduction of AS1411 and its four-chain structure, this paper reviews the research progress in cancer detection and drug delivery systems by modifying AS1411 aptamers based on graphene, mesoporous silica, silver and gold. The application of AS1411 in cancer treatment and drug delivery and the use of AS1411 as a targeting agent for the detection of cancer markers such as nucleoli were summarized from three aspects of active targeting, passive targeting and targeted nucleic acid apharmers. Although AS1411 has been withdrawn from clinical trials, the research surrounding its structural optimization is still very popular. Further progress has been made in the modification of nanoparticles loaded with TCM extracts by AS1411.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tong
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Inner Mongolia Normal University, 81 Zhaowudalu, Hohhot, 010022, China
| | - Lu Ga
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Jinchuankaifaqu, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Jun Ai
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Inner Mongolia Normal University, 81 Zhaowudalu, Hohhot, 010022, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Inner Mongolia Normal University, 81 Zhaowudalu, Hohhot, 010022, China.
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19
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Silver nanocluster-lightened catalytic hairpin assembly for enzyme-free and label-free mRNA detection. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Ferrara B, Belbekhouche S, Habert D, Houppe C, Vallée B, Bourgoin-Voillard S, Cohen JL, Cascone I, Courty J. Cell surface nucleolin as active bait for nanomedicine in cancer therapy: a promising option. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:322001. [PMID: 33892482 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abfb30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapy used against cancer is mostly limited due to their non-targeted nature, affecting normal tissue and causing undesirable toxic effects to the affected tissue. With the aim of improving these treatments both therapeutically and in terms of their safety, numerous studies are currently being carried out using nanoparticles (NPs) as a vector combining tumor targeting and carrying therapeutic tools. In this context, it appears that nucleolin, a molecule over-expressed on the surface of tumor cells, is an interesting therapeutic target. Several ligands, antagonists of nucleolin of various origins, such as AS1411, the F3 peptide and the multivalent pseudopeptide N6L have been developed and studied as therapeutic tools against cancer. Over the last ten years or so, numerous studies have been published demonstrating that these antagonists can be used as tumor targeting agents with NPs from various origins. Focusing on nucleolin ligands, the aim of this article is to review the literature recently published or under experimentation in our research team to evaluate the efficacy and future development of these tools as anti-tumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Ferrara
- Université Paris-Est Creteil, Immunorégulation et Biothérapie, INSERM U955, Hôpital Henri Mondor, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Sabrina Belbekhouche
- Université Paris-Est Creteil, CNRS, Institut Chimie et Matériaux Paris Est, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, F-94320 Thiais, France
| | - Damien Habert
- Université Paris-Est Creteil, Immunorégulation et Biothérapie, INSERM U955, Hôpital Henri Mondor, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Claire Houppe
- Université Paris-Est Creteil, Immunorégulation et Biothérapie, INSERM U955, Hôpital Henri Mondor, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Benoit Vallée
- Université Paris-Est Creteil, Immunorégulation et Biothérapie, INSERM U955, Hôpital Henri Mondor, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Sandrine Bourgoin-Voillard
- Université Paris-Est Creteil, Immunorégulation et Biothérapie, INSERM U955, Hôpital Henri Mondor, F-94010 Créteil, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics/Prométhée Proteomic Platform, UGA-INSERM U1055-CHUGA, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble Alpes, TIMC, PROMETHEE Proteomic Platform, Grenoble, France
| | - José L Cohen
- Université Paris-Est Creteil, Immunorégulation et Biothérapie, INSERM U955, Hôpital Henri Mondor, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Ilaria Cascone
- Université Paris-Est Creteil, Immunorégulation et Biothérapie, INSERM U955, Hôpital Henri Mondor, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - José Courty
- Université Paris-Est Creteil, Immunorégulation et Biothérapie, INSERM U955, Hôpital Henri Mondor, F-94010 Créteil, France
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21
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Nucleolin Promotes Cisplatin Resistance in Cervical Cancer by the YB1-MDR1 Pathway. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:9992218. [PMID: 33976698 PMCID: PMC8084676 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9992218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide and is the main cause of cancer-related deaths in women. Cisplatin (DDP) is one of the major chemotherapeutic drugs for cervical cancer patients. But, drug resistance limits the effectiveness of cancer therapy. Nucleolin (NCL) is a nucleocytoplasmic multifunctional protein involved in the development of cancer. It has been reported that NCL may be a potential target for modulation of drug resistance. However, the precise molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Materials and Methods Human cervical cancer Hela cells and their cisplatin-resistant cell line Hela/DDP were used in this study. The protein level of NCL in cervical cancer cells was measured by western blot analysis. Hela cells and Hela/DDP cells were transfected with NCL overexpression plasmid or NCL siRNA separately. MTT and EdU assay were performed to evaluate the cell viability and sensitivity to cisplatin. The drug efflux function of MDR1 protein was assessed by intracellular rhodamine-123 accumulation assay.The promoter activity of MDR1 was assessed by using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results We found that the protein level of NCL was elevated in Hela/DDP cells. Overexpression of NCL increased cervical cancer cell proliferation and attenuated the sensitivity to cisplatin. Overexpression of NCL increased Multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene expression and drug efflux. Our results demonstrated that NCL was highly related with cisplatin resistance in cervical cancer. NCL played an important role in MDR1 gene transcription through regulation of the transcription factor YB1. Conclusion Our findings revealed the novel role of NCL in cisplatin-resistant cervical cancer and NCL may be a potential therapeutic target for chemoresistance.
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Peggion C, Massimino ML, Stella R, Bortolotto R, Agostini J, Maldi A, Sartori G, Tonello F, Bertoli A, Lopreiato R. Nucleolin Rescues TDP-43 Toxicity in Yeast and Human Cell Models. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:625665. [PMID: 33912014 PMCID: PMC8072491 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.625665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
TDP-43 is a nuclear protein involved in pivotal processes, extensively studied for its implication in neurodegenerative disorders. TDP-43 cytosolic inclusions are a common neuropathologic hallmark in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and related diseases, and it is now established that TDP-43 misfolding and aggregation play a key role in their etiopathology. TDP-43 neurotoxic mechanisms are not yet clarified, but the identification of proteins able to modulate TDP-43-mediated damage may be promising therapeutic targets for TDP-43 proteinopathies. Here we show by the use of refined yeast models that the nucleolar protein nucleolin (NCL) acts as a potent suppressor of TDP-43 toxicity, restoring cell viability. We provide evidence that NCL co-expression is able to alleviate TDP-43-induced damage also in human cells, further supporting its beneficial effects in a more consistent pathophysiological context. Presented data suggest that NCL could promote TDP-43 nuclear retention, reducing the formation of toxic cytosolic TDP-43 inclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Peggion
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Stella
- Food Safety Division, Department of Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Raissa Bortolotto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Jessica Agostini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Arianna Maldi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Geppo Sartori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Bertoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,CNR - Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy.,Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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23
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RNA-Binding Proteins in Acute Leukemias. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103409. [PMID: 32408494 PMCID: PMC7279408 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute leukemias are genetic diseases caused by translocations or mutations, which dysregulate hematopoiesis towards malignant transformation. However, the molecular mode of action is highly versatile and ranges from direct transcriptional to post-transcriptional control, which includes RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) as crucial regulators of cell fate. RBPs coordinate RNA dynamics, including subcellular localization, translational efficiency and metabolism, by binding to their target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), thereby controlling the expression of the encoded proteins. In view of the growing interest in these regulators, this review summarizes recent research regarding the most influential RBPs relevant in acute leukemias in particular. The reported RBPs, either dysregulated or as components of fusion proteins, are described with respect to their functional domains, the pathways they affect, and clinical aspects associated with their dysregulation or altered functions.
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Corneal neovascularization is inhibited with nucleolin-binding aptamer, AS1411. Exp Eye Res 2020; 193:107977. [PMID: 32081668 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.107977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is a common sight-threatening pathology that can be induced by a variety of inflammatory and angiogenic stimuli. Current CNV treatments include anti-inflammatory drugs and antibody-based inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). However, these are not always effective and novel therapeutic approaches are needed. Previous work has indicated a role for nucleolin (NCL) in VEGF-mediated neoangiogenesis in a suture-induced CNV model. The major goal for this current study is to test the effect of AS1411, a NCL-binding DNA aptamer that has reached human clinical trials, on neovascularization in a murine model of VEGF-mediated CNV. Our results show that topical administration of AS1411 can significantly inhibit corneal neovascularization in this model. Mechanistic studies indicate that AS1411 reduces the VEGF-stimulated proliferation, migration, and tube formation of primary cells obtained from human limbus stroma (HLSC). AS1411 treatment also significantly reduced VEGF-stimulated induction of miR-21 and miR-221 in HLSC, suggesting a role for these pro-angiogenic miRNAs in mediating the effects of AS1411 in this system. In sum, this new research further supports a role for NCL in the molecular etiology of CNV and identifies AS1411 as a potential anti-angiogenic CNV treatment that works by a novel mechanism of action.
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25
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Guo Y, Zhang T, Shi Y, Zhang J, Li M, Lu F, Zhang J, Chen X, Ding S. Helicobacter pylori inhibits GKN1 expression via the CagA/p-ERK/AUF1 pathway. Helicobacter 2020; 25:e12665. [PMID: 31657090 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that gastrokine 1 (GKN1), an important tumor suppressor gene, is downregulated in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infected gastric mucosa and gastric cancer. However, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Herein, we investigated the potential mechanism of H. pylori-induced GKN1 downregulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS GKN1 and AU-rich element RNA-binding factor 1 (AUF1) expressions were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, or immunohistochemistry in H. pylori-infected tissues and H. pylori co-cultured cell lines. The regulation of AUF1 on GKN1 was determined by RNA pulldown assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, mRNA turnover, and luciferase activity assays. The involvement of phosphorylated extra-cellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) or CagA in H. pylori-induced AUF1 expression was verified using p-ERK inhibitor or CagA knockout H. pylori. In addition, the cell proliferation and migration capacities of AUF1-knockdown cells were investigated. RESULTS GKN1 expression progressively decreased from H. pylori-infected gastritis to gastric cancer tissues. H. pylori co-culture also induced significant GKN1 reduction in GES-1 and BGC-823 cells. Besides, the mRNA level of GKN1 and AUF1 in human gastric mucosa showed negative correlation significantly. AUF1 knockdown resulted in upregulation of GKN1 expression and promoted GKN1 mRNA decay by binding the 3' untranslated region of GKN1 mRNA H. pylori-induced AUF1 expression was associated with p-ERK activation and CagA. Furthermore, knockdown of AUF1 significantly inhibited cell viability, migration ability, and arrested fewer cells in S-phase. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that H. pylori infection downregulated GKN1 expression via the CagA/p-ERK/AUF1 pathway. AUF1 promoted gastric cancer at least partly through downregulating GKN1, which presented a novel potential target for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlei Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Shi
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyu Li
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Fengmin Lu
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shigang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Mei X, Chen Y, Gan D, Chen Y, Wang L, Cao Y, Wu Z, Liu W, Zhao C, Lin M, Yang T, Hu J. Effect of nucleolin on adriamycin resistance via the regulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 expression in Burkitt's lymphoma cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:22666-22674. [PMID: 31127617 PMCID: PMC6771757 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Nucleolin (NCL, C23) is an important nucleocytoplasmic multifunctional protein. Due to its multifaceted profile and high expression in cancer, NCL is considered to be a marker of drug resistance associated with chemotherapy. However, the biochemical mechanisms in which NCL suppresses drug sensitivity in several cancers have yet to be fully elucidated. This study aims to explore the effect of NCL on drug sensitivity and its potential mechanism in CA46 Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cells. CA46 BL cells were transfected with lentiviruses carrying the NCL gene (CA46-NCL-overexpression, CA46-NCL-OE), or shRNA sequences that target the endogenous NCL gene (CA46-NCL-knockdown, CA46-NCL-KD). Adriamycin (ADM) IC50 levels for CA46-NCL-overexpressed (OE), CA46-NCL-OE control (OEC), CA46-NCL-knockdown (KD), and CA46-NCL-KD control (KDC) cells were 0.68 ± 0.06 μg/ml, 0.68 ± 0.06 μg/ml, 0.68 ± 0.06 μg/ml, and 0.30 ± 0.04 μg/ml, respectively. Apoptosis rates were significantly increased following NCL KD, whereas the opposite effect was noted in OE cells. A significant reduction of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) mRNA and protein levels in KD cells was observed, while OE cells displayed the opposite effect. The stability of Bcl-2 mRNA was influenced by NCL levels, the half-life of which was extended after NCL-OE, whereas it was reduced in KD cells. Finally, results of RNA-immunoprecipitation assays indicated that NCL could bind to Bcl-2 mRNA in CA46 cells. Taken together, these results suggested that NCL could mediate Bcl-2 expression and stability, and thus enhance ADM resistance in CA46 BL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqiao Mei
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of HematologyFujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Affiliated Zhangzhou Municipal Hospital, Fujian Medical UniversityZhangzhouFujianChina
| | - Yanxin Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of HematologyFujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Donghui Gan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of HematologyFujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
- Department of HematologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Putian UniversityPutianFujianChina
| | - Yingyu Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of HematologyFujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Lingyan Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of HematologyFujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Yanqin Cao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of HematologyFujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Zhengjun Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of HematologyFujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Weijuan Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of HematologyFujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Chenxing Zhao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of HematologyFujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Minhui Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of HematologyFujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Ting Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of HematologyFujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Jianda Hu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of HematologyFujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujianChina
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27
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Falconi M, Giangrossi M, Zabaleta ME, Wang J, Gambini V, Tilio M, Bencardino D, Occhipinti S, Belletti B, Laudadio E, Galeazzi R, Marchini C, Amici A. A novel 3'-tRNA Glu-derived fragment acts as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer by targeting nucleolin. FASEB J 2019; 33:13228-13240. [PMID: 31560576 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900382rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) have been defined as a novel class of small noncoding RNAs. tRFs have been reported to be deregulated in cancer, but their biologic function remains to be fully understood. We have identified a new tRF (named tRF3E), derived from mature tRNAGlu, that is specifically expressed in healthy mammary glands but not in breast cancer (BC). Consistently, tRF3E levels significantly decrease in the blood of patients with epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive BC reflecting tumor status (control > early cancer > metastatic cancer). tRF3E down-regulation was recapitulated in Δ16HER2 transgenic mice, representing a BC preclinical model. Pulldown assays, used to search for proteins capable to selectively bind tRF3E, have shown that this tRF specifically interacts with nucleolin (NCL), an RNA-binding protein overexpressed in BC and able to repress the translation of p53 mRNA. The binding properties of NCL-tRF3E complex, predicted in silico and analyzed by EMSA assays, are congruent with a competitive displacement of p53 mRNA by tRF3E, leading to an increased p53 expression and consequently to a modulation of cancer cell growth. Here, we provide evidence that tRF3E plays an important role in the pathogenesis of BC displaying tumor-suppressor functions through a NCL-mediated mechanism.-Falconi, M., Giangrossi, M., Elexpuru Zabaleta, M., Wang, J., Gambini, V., Tilio, M., Bencardino, D., Occhipinti, S., Belletti, B., Laudadio, E., Galeazzi, R., Marchini, C., Amici, A. A novel 3'-tRNAGlu-derived fragment acts as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer by targeting nucleolin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Falconi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Mara Giangrossi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | | | - Junbiao Wang
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Valentina Gambini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Martina Tilio
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Daniela Bencardino
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Sergio Occhipinti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Barbara Belletti
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Emiliano Laudadio
- Dipartimento Scienze e Ingegneria della Materia, dell'Ambiente ed Urbanistica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberta Galeazzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Cristina Marchini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Augusto Amici
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
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Carotenuto P, Pecoraro A, Palma G, Russo G, Russo A. Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Nucleolus in Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:E1090. [PMID: 31527430 PMCID: PMC6770360 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleolus is a distinct sub-cellular compartment structure in the nucleus. First observed more than 200 years ago, the nucleolus is detectable by microscopy in eukaryotic cells and visible during the interphase as a sub-nuclear structure immersed in the nucleoplasm, from which it is not separated from any membrane. A huge number of studies, spanning over a century, have identified ribosome biogenesis as the main function of the nucleolus. Recently, novel functions, independent from ribosome biogenesis, have been proposed by several proteomic, genomic, and functional studies. Several works have confirmed the non-canonical role for nucleoli in regulating important cellular processes including genome stability, cell-cycle control, the cellular senescence, stress responses, and biogenesis of ribonucleoprotein particles (RNPs). Many authors have shown that both canonical and non-canonical functions of the nucleolus are associated with several cancer-related processes. The association between the nucleolus and cancer, first proposed by cytological and histopathological studies showing that the number and shape of nucleoli are commonly altered in almost any type of cancer, has been confirmed at the molecular level by several authors who demonstrated that numerous mechanisms occurring in the nucleolus are altered in tumors. Recently, therapeutic approaches targeting the nucleolus in cancer have started to be considered as an emerging "hallmark" of cancer and several therapeutic interventions have been developed. This review proposes an up-to-date overview of available strategies targeting the nucleolus, focusing on novel targeted therapeutic approaches. Finally, a target-based classification of currently available treatment will be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Carotenuto
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Cancer Therapeutic Unit, London SM2 5NG, UK.
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli 80078, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Pecoraro
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Gaetano Palma
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Giulia Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Annapina Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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Abstract
Nucleolin is an RNA binding protein that is involved in many post-transcriptional regulation steps of messenger RNAs in addition to its nucleolar role in ribosomal RNA transcription and assembly in pre-ribosomes. Acetylated nucleolin was found to be associated with nuclear speckles and to co-localize with the splicing factor SC35. Previous nuclear pull down of nucleolin identified several splicing components and factors involved in RNA polymerase II transcription associated with nucleolin. In this report, we show that these splicing components are specifics of the pre-catalytic A and B spliceosomes, while proteins recruited in the Bact, C and P complexes are absent from the nucleolin interacting proteins. Furthermore, we show that acetylated nucleolin co-localized with P-SF3B1, a marker of co-transcriptional active spliceosomes. P-SF3B1 complexes can be pulled down with nucleolin specific antibodies. Interestingly, the alternative splicing of Fibronectin at the IIICS and EDB sites was affected by nucleolin depletion. These data are consistent with a model where nucleolin could be a factor bridging RNA polymerase II transcription and assembly of pre-catalytic spliceosome similarly to its function in the co-transcriptional maturation of pre-rRNA.
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30
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Vasaturo M, Cotugno R, Fiengo L, Vinegoni C, Dal Piaz F, De Tommasi N. The anti-tumor diterpene oridonin is a direct inhibitor of Nucleolin in cancer cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16735. [PMID: 30425290 PMCID: PMC6233161 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35088-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioactive plant diterpene oridonin displays important pharmacological activities and is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine; however, its molecular mechanism of action is still incompletely described. In vitro and in vivo data have demonstrated anti-tumor activity of oridonin and its ability to interfere with several cell pathways; however, presently only the molecular chaperone HSP70 has been identified as a direct potential target of this compound. Here, using a combination of different proteomic approaches, innovative Cellular Thermal Shift Assay (CETSA) experiments, and classical biochemical methods, we demonstrate that oridonin interacts with Nucleolin, effectively modulating the activity of this multifunctional protein. The ability of oridonin to target Nucleolin and/or HSP70 could account for the bioactivity profile of this plant diterpene. Recently, Nucleolin has attracted attention as a druggable target, as its diverse functions are implicated in pathological processes such as cancer, inflammation, and viral infection. However, up to now, no small molecule as Nucleolin binders has been reported, thus our finding represents the first evidence of Nucleolin modulation by a small inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Vasaturo
- Università degli Studi di Salerno, Department of Pharmacy, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, (SA), Italy
- Università degli Studi di Salerno, Ph. D. School of Pharmacy, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, (SA), Italy
| | - Roberta Cotugno
- Università degli Studi di Salerno, Department of Pharmacy, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, (SA), Italy
| | - Lorenzo Fiengo
- Università degli Studi di Salerno, Department of Pharmacy, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, (SA), Italy
- Università degli Studi di Salerno, Ph. D. School of Pharmacy, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, (SA), Italy
| | - Claudio Vinegoni
- Harvard Medical School, MGH Center for Systems Biology, 185 Cambridge Steet, 02144, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fabrizio Dal Piaz
- Università degli Studi di Salerno, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Via S. Allende, 84081, Baronissi, (SA), Italy.
| | - Nunziatina De Tommasi
- Università degli Studi di Salerno, Department of Pharmacy, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, (SA), Italy
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31
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Tilija Pun N, Khakurel A, Shrestha A, Kim SH, Park PH. Critical role of tristetraprolin and AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1 in the suppression of cancer cell growth by globular adiponectin. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:1964-1976. [PMID: 30524947 PMCID: PMC6275284 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin exhibits potent antitumor activities. Herein, we examined the molecular mechanisms underlying suppression of tumor growth by globular adiponectin (gAcrp). We demonstrated that gAcrp suppressed B‐cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‐2) expression, an anti‐apoptotic gene, by inducing its mRNA destabilization, which was accompanied with a decrease in cell viability and increased caspase‐3 activity in hepatic cancer cells. In addition, gAcrp increased expression of tristetraprolin (TTP) and AU‐rich element RNA‐binding protein 1 (AUF1), which are mRNA stability regulatory proteins. Moreover, gAcrp‐induced suppression of Bcl‐2 expression was abrogated by knockdown of TTP or AUF1. These data indicate that gAcrp induces apoptosis of hepatic cancer cells by TTP‐ and AUF1‐mediated Bcl‐2 mRNA destabilization, and further suggest that TTP and AUF1 are novel targets mediating the antitumor activity of adiponectin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Kyungpook National University Daegu Korea
| | - Pil-Hoon Park
- College of Pharmacy Yeungnam University Gyeongsan Korea
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32
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Fernandez-Marrero Y, Bachmann D, Lauber E, Kaufmann T. Negative Regulation of BOK Expression by Recruitment of TRIM28 to Regulatory Elements in Its 3' Untranslated Region. iScience 2018; 9:461-474. [PMID: 30471638 PMCID: PMC6260365 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BCL-2-related ovarian killer (BOK) is a pro-apoptotic BAX-like member of the BCL-2 family with suggested tumor suppressor activity. The molecular mechanisms regulating BOK expression are poorly understood and fail to explain a frequent lack of concordance between protein and transcript levels. Here, we describe a potent post-transcriptional mechanism that negatively regulates BOK expression mediated by conserved (AU/U)-rich elements within its 3’ UTR. Using proteomics approaches we identified TRIM28 as a key component associating with U-rich elements in the human BOK 3’ UTR, resulting in a dramatic reduction of BOK expression. TRIM28 is overexpressed in several cancers, correlating with poor patient outcome, whereas the BOK locus is frequently deleted or its expression downregulated in human cancers. Data mining indicated that, for certain cancers, high TRIM28 and low BOK expression are significantly correlated in the stratum of patients with the worst survival, suggesting that this mechanism might be of potential therapeutic value. BOK mRNA is destabilized by AU-(mouse) or U-rich (human) elements within its 3’ UTR Mutation of these ARE/URE sequences results in increased BOK RNA and protein levels TRIM28 represses BOK expression by associating with the UREs of human BOK mRNA Inverse correlation of TRIM28 and BOK levels predicts survival in selected cancers
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuniel Fernandez-Marrero
- Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, INO-F, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Bachmann
- Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, INO-F, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Emanuel Lauber
- Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, INO-F, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Kaufmann
- Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, INO-F, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
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33
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Shrestha A, Pun NT, Park PH. ZFP36L1 and AUF1 Induction Contribute to the Suppression of Inflammatory Mediators Expression by Globular Adiponectin via Autophagy Induction in Macrophages. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2018; 26:446-457. [PMID: 30001609 PMCID: PMC6131013 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2018.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin, a hormone predominantly originated from adipose tissue, has exhibited potent anti-inflammatory properties. Accumulating evidence suggests that autophagy induction plays a crucial role in anti-inflammatory responses by adiponectin. However, underlying molecular mechanisms are still largely unknown. Association of Bcl-2 with Beclin-1, an autophagy activating protein, prevents autophagy induction. We have previously shown that adiponectin-induced autophagy activation is mediated through inhibition of interaction between Bcl-2 and Beclin-1. In the present study, we examined the molecular mechanisms by which adiponectin modulates association of Bcl-2 and Beclin-1 in macrophages. Herein, we demonstrated that globular adiponectin (gAcrp) induced increase in the expression of AUF1 and ZFP36L1, which act as mRNA destabilizing proteins, both in RAW 264.7 macrophages and primary peritoneal macrophages. In addition, gene silencing of AUF1 and ZFP36L1 caused restoration of decrease in Bcl-2 expression and Bcl-2 mRNA half-life by gAcrp, indicating crucial roles of AUF1 and ZFP36L1 induction in Bcl-2 mRNA destabilization by gAcrp. Moreover, knock-down of AUF1 and ZFP36L1 enhanced interaction of Bcl-2 with Beclin-1, and subsequently prevented gAcrp-induced autophagy activation, suggesting that AUF1 and ZFP36L1 induction mediates gAcrp-induced autophagy activation via Bcl-2 mRNA destabilization. Furthermore, suppressive effects of gAcrp on LPS-stimulated inflammatory mediators expression were prevented by gene silencing of AUF1 and ZFP36L1 in macrophages. Taken together, these results suggest that AUF1 and ZFP36L1 induction critically contributes to autophagy induction by gAcrp and are promising targets for anti-inflammatory responses by gAcrp.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pil-Hoon Park
- Corresponding Author: E-mail: , Tel: +82-53-810-2826, Fax: +82-53-810-4654
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34
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Hoja-Łukowicz D, Szwed S, Laidler P, Lityńska A. Proteomic analysis of Tn-bearing glycoproteins from different stages of melanoma cells reveals new biomarkers. Biochimie 2018; 151:14-26. [PMID: 29802864 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma, the most aggressive form of skin cancer, responds poorly to conventional therapy. The appearance of Tn antigen-modified proteins in cancer is correlated with metastasis and poor prognoses. The Tn determinant has been recognized as a powerful diagnostic and therapeutic target, and as an object for the development of anti-tumor vaccine strategies. This study was designed to identify Tn-carrying proteins and reveal their influence on cutaneous melanoma progression. We used a lectin-based strategy to purify Tn antigen-enriched cellular glycoproteome, the LC-MS/MS method to identify isolated glycoproteins, and the DAVID bioinformatics tool to classify the identified proteins. We identified 146 different Tn-bearing glycoproteins, 88% of which are new. The Tn-glycoproteome was generally enriched in proteins involved in the control of ribosome biogenesis, CDR-mediated mRNA stabilization, cell-cell adhesion and extracellular vesicle formation. The differential expression patterns of Tn-modified proteins for cutaneous primary and metastatic melanoma cells supported nonmetastatic and metastatic cell phenotypes, respectively. To our knowledge, this study is the first large-scale proteomic analysis of Tn-bearing proteins in human melanoma cells. The identified Tn-modified proteins are related to the biological and molecular nature of cutaneous melanoma and may be valuable biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Hoja-Łukowicz
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Sabina Szwed
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Piotr Laidler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7, 31-034, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Anna Lityńska
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
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35
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Gregório AC, Lacerda M, Figueiredo P, Simões S, Dias S, Moreira JN. Meeting the needs of breast cancer: A nucleolin's perspective. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 125:89-101. [PMID: 29650282 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A major challenge in the management of breast cancer disease has been the development of metastases. Finding new molecular targets and the design of targeted therapeutic approaches to improve the overall survival and quality of life of these patients is, therefore, of great importance. Nucleolin, which is overexpressed in cancer cells and tumor-associated blood vessels, have been implicated in various processes supporting tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. Additionally, its overexpression has been demonstrated in a variety of human neoplasias as an unfavorable prognostic factor, associated with a high risk of relapse and low overall survival. Hence, nucleolin has emerged as a relevant target for therapeutic intervention in cancer malignancy, including breast cancer. This review focus on the contribution of nucleolin for cancer disease and on the development of therapeutic strategies targeting this protein. In this respect, it also provides a critical analysis about the potential and pitfalls of nanomedicine for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Gregório
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuela Lacerda
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo Figueiredo
- IPOFG-EPE - Portuguese Institute of Oncology Francisco Gentil, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sérgio Simões
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; FFUC - Faculty of Pharmacy, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sérgio Dias
- IMM - Institute of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Nuno Moreira
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; FFUC - Faculty of Pharmacy, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Tilija Pun N, Park PH. Adiponectin inhibits inflammatory cytokines production by Beclin-1 phosphorylation and B-cell lymphoma 2 mRNA destabilization: role for autophagy induction. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1066-1084. [PMID: 29333604 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Adiponectin potently suppresses inflammatory mediator production. Autophagy is known to play a critical role in the modulation of inflammatory responses by adiponectin. However, the underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood. Interaction between Beclin-1 and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) is a critical event in autophagy induction. We examined the effects of globular adiponectin (gAcrp) on the Beclin-1/Bcl-2 association and its underlying mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effect of gAcrp on the interaction between Beclin-1 and Bcl-2 was examined by immunoprecipitation followed by Western blotting. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we determined the effects of gAcrp on Beclin-1 phosphorylation and Bcl-2 mRNA stability, and investigated their role in the suppression of inflammatory mediators using pharmacological inhibitors and transient target gene knockdown. KEY RESULTS Globular adiponectin disrupted the association between Beclin-1 and Bcl-2 and increased Beclin-1 phosphorylation at Thr119 , critical residue for binding with Bcl-2, via a death-associated protein kinase-1 (DAPK1)-dependent mechanism. Moreover, gAcrp reduced Bcl-2 expression via Bcl-2 mRNA destabilization, without significantly affecting Bcl-2 promoter activity and protein degradation, which was mediated by tristetraprolin (TTP) induction. Finally, DAPK1 and TTP were shown to play key roles in gAcrp-induced autophagosome formation and suppression of LPS-stimulated TNF-α and IL-1β expression. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Beclin-1 phosphorylation and Bcl-2 mRNA destabilization mediated by DAPK1 and TTP are crucial events leading to autophagy and the suppression of inflammatory cytokine production by gAcrp. These results provide novel mechanisms underlying adiponectin's modulation of inflammatory responses. DAPK and TTP are potential therapeutic targets for the management of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pil-Hoon Park
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea
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37
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Zhang X, Xiao S, Rameau RD, Devany E, Nadeem Z, Caglar E, Ng K, Kleiman FE, Saxena A. Nucleolin phosphorylation regulates PARN deadenylase activity during cellular stress response. RNA Biol 2018; 15:251-260. [PMID: 29168431 PMCID: PMC5798948 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2017.1408764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleolin (NCL) is an abundant stress-responsive, RNA-binding phosphoprotein that controls gene expression by regulating either mRNA stability and/or translation. NCL binds to the AU-rich element (ARE) in the 3'UTR of target mRNAs, mediates miRNA functions in the nearby target sequences, and regulates mRNA deadenylation. However, the mechanism by which NCL phosphorylation affects these functions and the identity of the deadenylase involved, remain largely unexplored. Earlier we demonstrated that NCL phosphorylation is vital for cell cycle progression and proliferation, whereas phosphorylation-deficient NCL at six consensus CK2 sites confers dominant-negative effect on proliferation by increasing p53 expression, possibly mimicking cellular DNA damage conditions. In this study, we show that NCL phosphorylation at those CK2 consensus sites in the N-terminus is necessary to induce deadenylation upon oncogenic stimuli and UV stress. NCL-WT, but not hypophosphorylated NCL-6/S*A, activates poly (A)-specific ribonuclease (PARN) deadenylase activity. We further demonstrate that NCL interacts directly with PARN, and under non-stress conditions also forms (a) complex (es) with factors that regulate deadenylation, such as p53 and the ARE-binding protein HuR. Upon UV stress, the interaction of hypophosphorylated NCL-6/S*A with these proteins is favored. As an RNA-binding protein, NCL interacts with PARN deadenylase substrates such as TP53 and BCL2 mRNAs, playing a role in their downregulation under non-stress conditions. For the first time, we show that NCL phosphorylation offers specificity to its protein-protein, protein-RNA interactions, resulting in the PARN deadenylase regulation, and hence gene expression, during cellular stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokan Zhang
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shu Xiao
- Biology Department, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | | | - Emral Devany
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zaineb Nadeem
- Biology Department, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Elif Caglar
- Biology Department, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Kenneth Ng
- Biology Department, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | | | - Anjana Saxena
- Biology Department, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Anti-Apoptotic BCL2 Family Members. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010308. [PMID: 29361709 PMCID: PMC5796252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-apoptotic B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) family members (BCL2, MCL1, BCLxL, BCLW, and BFL1) are key players in the regulation of intrinsic apoptosis. Dysregulation of these proteins not only impairs normal development, but also contributes to tumor progression and resistance to various anti-cancer therapies. Therefore, cells maintain strict control over the expression of anti-apoptotic BCL2 family members using multiple mechanisms. Over the past two decades, the importance of post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA in controlling gene expression and its impact on normal homeostasis and disease have begun to be appreciated. In this review, we discuss the RNA binding proteins (RBPs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) that mediate post-transcriptional regulation of the anti-apoptotic BCL2 family members. We describe their roles and impact on alternative splicing, mRNA turnover, and mRNA subcellular localization. We also point out the importance of future studies in characterizing the crosstalk between RBPs and miRNAs in regulating anti-apoptotic BCL2 family member expression and ultimately apoptosis.
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Ugrinova I, Petrova M, Chalabi-Dchar M, Bouvet P. Multifaceted Nucleolin Protein and Its Molecular Partners in Oncogenesis. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2017; 111:133-164. [PMID: 29459030 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Discovered in 1973, nucleolin is one of the most abundant phosphoproteins of the nucleolus. The ability of nucleolin to be involved in many cellular processes is probably related to its structural organization and its capability to form many different interactions with other proteins. Many functions of nucleolin affect cellular processes involved in oncogenesis-for instance: in ribosome biogenesis; in DNA repair, remodeling, and genome stability; in cell division and cell survival; in chemokine and growth factor signaling pathways; in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis; in epithelial-mesenchymal transition; and in stemness. In this review, we will describe the different functions of nucleolin in oncogenesis through its interaction with other proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Ugrinova
- "Roumen Tsanev" Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Maria Petrova
- "Roumen Tsanev" Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mounira Chalabi-Dchar
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Bouvet
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
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40
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Chen CF, Yang HC, Liu GS. [Effect of nucleolin silencing on differentiation of rat neural stem cells in vitro and the molecular mechanism]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2017; 37:875-882. [PMID: 28736361 PMCID: PMC6765513 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2017.07.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of nucleolin silencing on the differentiation of rat neural stem cells (NSCs) and the role of Wnt signaling pathway in mediating such effect. METHODS Adenovirus vectors expressing small interfering RNA (siRNA) against nucleolin were constructed, verified, and packaged in HEK293A cells. The adenovirus was then transfected into NSCs isolated from neonatal SD rats and the differentiation of the NSCs was examined by detecting the expressions of neuron specific encloase (NSE) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) using immunocytochemistry. The expressions of nucleolin, nestin, Wnt3, and β-catenin in the cells were determined with Western blotting. RESULTS Restriction endonuclease and sequencing analysis verified successful construction of the adenoviral vector expressing nucleolin siRNA (nucleolin-siRNA2). Infection of rat NSCs with nucleolin-siRNA2 significantly lowered nucleolin protein expression as compared with that in negative and blank control groups (P<0.05). The percentages of NSE-positive cells and GFAP-positive cells were significantly higher in NSCs infected with nucleolin-siRNA (P<0.01); the infection also resulted in obviously lowered expression of nestin protein and increased expressions of Wnt3 protein and β-catenin nucleoprotein in the cells. CONCLUSIONS Nucleolin silencing by adenovirus-mediated RNA interference induces the differentiation of NSCs into neurons and astrocytes, which is related with the activation of Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Feng Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.E-mail:
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41
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Chakraborty A, Mukherjee S, Saha S, De S, Sengupta Bandyopadhyay S. Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-mediated stabilization of leukemia inhibitory factor ( lif) mRNA: involvement of Nucleolin and PCBP1. Biochem J 2017; 474:2349-2363. [PMID: 28512205 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a potent pleiotropic cytokine involved in diverse biological activities, thereby requiring precise spatial and temporal control of its expression. The present study reveals that enhanced expression of LIF in response to PMA (phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate) in human histiocytic lymphoma cell line U937 largely happens through stabilization of its mRNA. Functional characterization of the long 3'-untranslated region of human lif mRNA revealed several conserved sequences with conventional cis-acting elements. A 216 nucleotide containing proximal cis-element with two AUUUA pentamers and four poly-rC sequences demonstrated significant mRNA destabilizing potential, which, on treatment with PMA, showed stabilizing activity. Affinity chromatography followed by western blot and RNA co-immunoprecipitation of PMA-treated U937 extract identified Nucleolin and PCBP1 as two protein trans-factors interacting with lif mRNA, specifically to the proximal non-conventional AU-rich region. PMA induced nucleo-cytoplasmic translocation of both Nucleolin and PCBP1. RNA-dependent in vivo co-association of both these proteins with lif mRNA was demonstrated by decreased co-precipitation in the presence of RNase. Ectopic overexpression of Nucleolin showed stabilization of both intrinsic lif mRNA and gfp reporter, whereas knockdown of Nucleolin and PCBP1 demonstrated a significant decrease in both lif mRNA and protein levels. Collectively, this report establishes the stabilization of lif mRNA by PMA, mediated by the interactions of two RNA-binding proteins, Nucleolin and PCBP1 with a proximal cis-element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Chakraborty
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Srimoyee Mukherjee
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Sucharita Saha
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Soumasree De
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
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42
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Cheng Y, Zhao G, Zhang S, Nigim F, Zhou G, Yu Z, Song Y, Chen Y, Li Y. AS1411-Induced Growth Inhibition of Glioma Cells by Up-Regulation of p53 and Down-Regulation of Bcl-2 and Akt1 via Nucleolin. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167094. [PMID: 27907160 PMCID: PMC5132312 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AS1411 binds nucleolin (NCL) and is the first oligodeoxynucleotide aptamer to reach phase I and II clinical trials for the treatment of several cancers. However, the mechanisms by which AS1411 targets and kills glioma cells and tissues remain unclear. Here we report that AS1411 induces cell apoptosis and cycle arrest, and inhibits cell viability by up-regulation of p53 and down-regulation of Bcl-2 and Akt1 in human glioma cells. NCL was overexpressed in both nucleus and cytoplasm in human glioma U87, U251 and SHG44 cells compared to normal human astrocytes (NHA). AS1411 bound NCL and inhibited the proliferation of glioma cells but not NHA, which was accompanied with up-regulation of p53 and down-regulation of Bcl-2 and Akt1. Moreover, AS1411 treatment resulted in the G2/M cell cycle arrest in glioma cells, which was however abolished by overexpression of NCL. Further, AS1411 induced cell apoptosis, which was prevented by silencing of p53 and overexpression of Bcl-2. In addition, AS1411 inhibited the migration and invasion of glioma cells in an Akt1-dependent manner. Importantly, AS1411 inhibited the growth of glioma xenograft and prolonged the survival time of glioma tumor-bearing mice. These results revealed a promising treatment of glioma by oligodeoxynucleotide aptamer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Siwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fares Nigim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America
| | - Guangtong Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiyun Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yunqian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Abstract
Nucleolin, a multifunctional protein distributed in the nucleolus, participates in many modulations including rDNA transcription, RNA metabolism, and ribosome assembly. Nucleolin is also found in the cytoplasm and on the cell membrane, and surface nucleolin can bind to various ligands to affect many physiological functions. The expression and localization of nucleolin is often abnormal in cancers, as the differential distribution of nucleolin in cancer can influence the carcinogenesis, proliferation, survival, and metastasis of cancer cells, leading to the cancer progression. Thus, nucleolin may be a novel and promising target for anti-cancer treatment. Here, we describe how nucleolin act functions in cancer development and describe nucleolin-dependent anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China. E-mail.
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44
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The long noncoding RNA ASNR regulates degradation of Bcl-2 mRNA through its interaction with AUF1. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32189. [PMID: 27578251 PMCID: PMC5006016 DOI: 10.1038/srep32189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification and characterization of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in diverse biological processes has recently developed rapidly. The large amounts of non-coding RNAs scale consistent with developmental complexity in eukaryotes, indicating that most of these transcripts may have functions in the regulation of biological processes and disorder in the organisms. In particular, Understanding of the overall biological significance of lncRNAs in cancers still remains limited. Here, we found a nuclear-retained lncRNA, termed Lnc_ASNR (apoptosis suppressing-noncoding RNA), which serves as a repressor of apoptosis. Lnc_ASNR was discovered in a set of microarray data derived from four kinds of tumor and adjacent normal tissue samples, and displayed significant up-regulation in the tumor tissues. Using an RNA-pull down assay, we found that Lnc_ASNR interacted with the protein ARE/poly (U)-binding/degradation factor 1(AUF1), which is reported to promote rapid degradation of the Bcl-2 mRNA, an inhibitor of apoptosis. Lnc_ASNR binds to AUFI in nucleus, decreasing the cytoplasmic proportion of AUF1 which targets the B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) mRNA. Taken together, the overall effect of Lnc_ASNR expression is thus a decrease in cell apoptosis indicating that Lnc_ASNR may play a vital role in tumorigenesis and carcinogenesis.
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Perry RBT, Rishal I, Doron-Mandel E, Kalinski AL, Medzihradszky KF, Terenzio M, Alber S, Koley S, Lin A, Rozenbaum M, Yudin D, Sahoo PK, Gomes C, Shinder V, Geraisy W, Huebner EA, Woolf CJ, Yaron A, Burlingame AL, Twiss JL, Fainzilber M. Nucleolin-Mediated RNA Localization Regulates Neuron Growth and Cycling Cell Size. Cell Rep 2016; 16:1664-1676. [PMID: 27477284 PMCID: PMC4978702 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
How can cells sense their own size to coordinate biosynthesis and metabolism with their growth needs? We recently proposed a motor-dependent bidirectional transport mechanism for axon length and cell size sensing, but the nature of the motor-transported size signals remained elusive. Here, we show that motor-dependent mRNA localization regulates neuronal growth and cycling cell size. We found that the RNA-binding protein nucleolin is associated with importin β1 mRNA in axons. Perturbation of nucleolin association with kinesins reduces its levels in axons, with a concomitant reduction in axonal importin β1 mRNA and protein levels. Strikingly, subcellular sequestration of nucleolin or importin β1 enhances axonal growth and causes a subcellular shift in protein synthesis. Similar findings were obtained in fibroblasts. Thus, subcellular mRNA localization regulates size and growth in both neurons and cycling cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rotem Ben-Tov Perry
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ida Rishal
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ella Doron-Mandel
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ashley L Kalinski
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Katalin F Medzihradszky
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Marco Terenzio
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Stefanie Alber
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Sandip Koley
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Albina Lin
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Meir Rozenbaum
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Dmitry Yudin
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Pabitra K Sahoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Cynthia Gomes
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Vera Shinder
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | | | - Eric A Huebner
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Clifford J Woolf
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Avraham Yaron
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Alma L Burlingame
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jeffery L Twiss
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Mike Fainzilber
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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Erson-Bensan AE. Alternative polyadenylation and RNA-binding proteins. J Mol Endocrinol 2016; 57:F29-34. [PMID: 27208003 DOI: 10.1530/jme-16-0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of the extent of microRNA-based gene regulation has expanded in an impressive pace over the past decade. Now, we are beginning to better appreciate the role of 3'-UTR (untranslated region) cis-elements which harbor not only microRNA but also RNA-binding protein (RBP) binding sites that have significant effect on the stability and translational rate of mRNAs. To add further complexity, alternative polyadenylation (APA) emerges as a widespread mechanism to regulate gene expression by producing shorter or longer mRNA isoforms that differ in the length of their 3'-UTRs or even coding sequences. Resulting shorter mRNA isoforms generally lack cis-elements where trans-acting factors bind, and hence are differentially regulated compared with the longer isoforms. This review focuses on the RBPs involved in APA regulation and their action mechanisms on APA-generated isoforms. A better understanding of the complex interactions between APA and RBPs is promising for mechanistic and clinical implications including biomarker discovery and new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Elif Erson-Bensan
- Department of Biological SciencesOrta Dogu Teknik Universitesi (ODTU) (METU), Universiteler Mahallesi, Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey
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Bose S, Tholanikunnel TE, Reuben A, Tholanikunnel BG, Spicer EK. Regulation of nucleolin expression by miR-194, miR-206, and HuR. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 417:141-53. [PMID: 27221739 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2721-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nucleolin is a proliferation-associated protein that is overexpressed in multiple types of cancer. The mechanisms leading to overexpression of nucleolin in specific cancers are not fully understood. This study found that nucleolin is notably elevated in breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-231 compared to nonmalignant breast epithelial MCF-10A cells. In silico analyses revealed the presence of putative binding sites for microRNAs miR-194 and miR-206 in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of Ncl mRNA. Transfection of the three cell lines with pre-miR-194 or pre-miR-206 specifically decreased the Ncl mRNA and protein expression. Treatments of the cells with antagomiR-194 or antagomiR-206 upregulated nucleolin expression ~2- to 3-fold. Co-transfection of cells with a reporter vector containing the Ncl 3'-UTR downstream from the Renilla luciferase gene and pre-miR-194 or pre-miR-206 led to a ~3-fold decrease in Renilla/firefly luciferase activity. Cytoplasmic levels of the RNA-binding protein HuR were higher in MCF-7 and MDA-231 cells than those in MCF-10A cells. RNA immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that HuR binds to Ncl mRNA in all the three cell types. ShRNA-mediated knock-down of HuR induced a decrease in nucleolin expression, while exogenous expression of HuR led to upregulation of nucleolin expression. Analysis of the polysome-monosome distribution of Ncl mRNA in HuR knock-down cells demonstrated that HuR enhances the translation efficiency of Ncl mRNA. These findings demonstrate that nucleolin expression is down-regulated by miR-194 and miR-206 and upregulated by HuR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeep Bose
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, P. O. Box 250509, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Amity Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Gautam Buddha Nagar Sec-125, Noida, 201301, India
| | - Tracy E Tholanikunnel
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Adrian Reuben
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Baby G Tholanikunnel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, P. O. Box 250509, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
| | - Eleanor K Spicer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, P. O. Box 250509, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
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Khabar KSA. Hallmarks of cancer and AU-rich elements. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2016; 8. [PMID: 27251431 PMCID: PMC5215528 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Post‐transcriptional control of gene expression is aberrant in cancer cells. Sustained stabilization and enhanced translation of specific mRNAs are features of tumor cells. AU‐rich elements (AREs), cis‐acting mRNA decay determinants, play a major role in the posttranscriptional regulation of many genes involved in cancer processes. This review discusses the role of aberrant ARE‐mediated posttranscriptional processes in each of the hallmarks of cancer, including sustained cellular growth, resistance to apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. WIREs RNA 2017, 8:e1368. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1368 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid S A Khabar
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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49
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Salvetti A, Couté Y, Epstein A, Arata L, Kraut A, Navratil V, Bouvet P, Greco A. Nuclear Functions of Nucleolin through Global Proteomics and Interactomic Approaches. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:1659-69. [PMID: 27049334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Nucleolin (NCL) is a major component of the cell nucleolus, which has the ability to rapidly shuttle to several other cells' compartments. NCL plays important roles in a variety of essential functions, among which are ribosome biogenesis, gene expression, and cell growth. However, the precise mechanisms underlying NCL functions are still unclear. Our study aimed to provide new information on NCL functions via the identification of its nuclear interacting partners. Using an interactomics approach, we identified 140 proteins co-purified with NCL, among which 100 of them were specifically found to be associated with NCL after RNase digestion. The functional classification of these proteins confirmed the prominent role of NCL in ribosome biogenesis and additionally revealed the possible involvement of nuclear NCL in several pre-mRNA processing pathways through its interaction with RNA helicases and proteins participating in pre-mRNA splicing, transport, or stability. NCL knockdown experiments revealed that NCL regulates the localization of EXOSC10 and the amount of ZC3HAV1, two components of the RNA exosome, further suggesting its involvement in the control of mRNA stability. Altogether, this study describes the first nuclear interactome of human NCL and provides the basis for further understanding the mechanisms underlying the essential functions of this nucleolar protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Salvetti
- International Center for Infectiology Research (CIRI), Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308 , 69007 Lyon, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon , 69007 Lyon, France
- Labex Ecofect Université de Lyon , 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Yohann Couté
- Université Grenoble Alpes , 38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, BIG-BGE , 38000 Grenoble, France
- INSERM, BGE , 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Alberto Epstein
- International Center for Infectiology Research (CIRI), Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308 , 69007 Lyon, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon , 69007 Lyon, France
- Labex Ecofect Université de Lyon , 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Loredana Arata
- Subdepartment of Molecular Genetics, Public Health Institute of Chile , Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexandra Kraut
- Université Grenoble Alpes , 38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, BIG-BGE , 38000 Grenoble, France
- INSERM, BGE , 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Vincent Navratil
- Pôle Rhône Alpes de Bioinformatique (PRABI), Université Lyon 1 , 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Philippe Bouvet
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon , 69007 Lyon, France
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286 , 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Anna Greco
- International Center for Infectiology Research (CIRI), Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308 , 69007 Lyon, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon , 69007 Lyon, France
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Saha S, Chakraborty A, Bandyopadhyay SS. Stabilization of Oncostatin-M mRNA by Binding of Nucleolin to a GC-Rich Element in Its 3'UTR. J Cell Biochem 2016; 117:988-99. [PMID: 26399567 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oncostatin-M (OSM) is a patho-physiologically important pleiotropic, multifunctional cytokine. OSM mRNA sequence analysis revealed that its 3'UTR contains three highly conserved GC-rich cis-elements (GCREs) whose role in mRNA stability is unidentified. In the present study, the functional role of the proximal GC-rich region of osm 3'-UTR (GCRE-1) in post-transcriptional regulation of osm expression in U937 cells was assessed by transfecting construct containing GCRE-1 at 3'-end of a fairly stable reporter gene followed by analysis of the expression of the reporter. GCRE-1 showed mRNA destabilizing activity; however, upon PMA treatment the reporter message containing GCRE-1 was stabilized. This stabilization is owing to a time-dependent progressive binding of trans-factors (at least five proteins) to GCRE-1 post-PMA treatment. Nucleolin was identified as one of the proteins in the RNP complex of GCRE-1 with PMA-treated U937 cytosolic extracts by oligo-dT affinity chromatography of poly-adenylated GCRE-1. Immuno-blot revealed time-dependent enhancement of nucleolin in the cytoplasm which in turn directly binds GCRE-1. RNA co-immunoprecipitation confirmed the GCRE-1-nucleolin interaction in vivo. To elucidate the functional role of nucleolin in stabilization of osm mRNA, nucleolin was overexpressed in U937 cells and found to stabilize the intrinsic osm mRNA, where co-transfection with the reporter containing GCRE-1 confirms the role of GCRE-1 in stabilization of the reporter mRNA. Thus, in conclusion, the results asserted that PMA treatment in U937 cells leads to cytoplasmic translocation of nucleolin that directly binds GCRE-1, one of the major GC-rich instability elements, thereby stabilizing the osm mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sucharita Saha
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Alina Chakraborty
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Sumita Sengupta Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
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