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Wang X, Li N, Zhang J, Wang J, Wei Y, Yang J, Sun D, Liu L, Nian H, Wei R. AS101 regulates the Teff/Treg balance to alleviate rabbit autoimmune dacryoadenitis through modulating NFATc2. Exp Eye Res 2024; 244:109937. [PMID: 38782179 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) dry eye can cause ocular surface inflammation and lacrimal gland (LG) damage, leading to discomfort and potential vision problems. The existing treatment options for SS dry eye are currently constrained. We investigated the possible therapeutic effect and the underlying mechanism of AS101 in autoimmune dry eye. AS101 was injected subconjunctivally into a rabbit model of autoimmune dacryoadenitis and its therapeutic effects were determined by evaluating clinical and histological scores. The expressions of effector T cells (Teff)/regulatory T cells (Treg)-related transcription factors and cytokines, inflammation mediators, and transcription factor NFATc2 were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and/or Western blot both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, the role of NFATc2 in the immunomodulatory effects of AS101 on T cells was explored by co-culturing activated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) transfected with NFATc2 overexpression lentiviral plasmid with AS101. AS101 treatment potently ameliorated the clinical severity and reduced the inflammation of LG. Further investigation revealed that AS101 treatment led to decreased expression of Th1-related genes (T-bet and IFN-γ) and Th17-related genes (RORC, IL-17A, IL-17F, and GM-CSF) and increased expression of Treg-related gene Foxp3 in vivo and in vitro. Meanwhile, AS101 suppressed the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-23, IL-6, MMP-2, and MMP-9. Mechanistically, AS101 downregulated the expression of NFATc2 in inflamed LGs. Overexpression of NFATc2 in activated PBLs partially blunted the effect of AS101 on Teff suppression and Treg promotion. In conclusion, AS101 is a potential regulator of Teff/Treg cell balance and could be an effective treatment agent for SS dry eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin China, China
| | - Na Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin China, China
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin China, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin China, China
| | - Yankai Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin China, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin China, China
| | - Deming Sun
- Doheny Eye Institute, And Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lin Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin China, China
| | - Hong Nian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin China, China.
| | - Ruihua Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin China, China.
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2
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Wu Y, Zhang P, Shi T, Cao D, Pan W. Deficiency of immunoglobulin IgSF6 enhances antibacterial effects by promoting endoplasmic reticulum stress and the inflammatory response in intestinal macrophages. Mucosal Immunol 2024; 17:288-302. [PMID: 38387824 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) members are known for their role as glycoproteins expressed on the surface of immune cells, enabling protein-protein interactions to sense external signals during immune responses. However, the functions of immunoglobulins localized within subcellular compartments have been less explored. In this study, we identified an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized immunoglobulin, IgSF member 6 (IgSF6), that regulates ER stress and the inflammatory response in intestinal macrophages. Igsf6 expression is sustained by microbiota and significantly upregulated upon bacterial infection. Mice lacking Igsf6 displayed resistance to Salmonella typhimurium challenge but increased susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Mechanistically, deficiency of Igsf6 enhanced inositol-requiring enzyme 1α/-X-box binding protein 1 pathway, inflammatory response, and reactive oxygen species production leading to increased bactericidal activity of intestinal macrophages. Inhibition of reactive oxygen species or inositol-requiring enzyme 1α-X-box binding protein 1 pathway reduced the advantage of Igsf6 deficiency in bactericidal capacity. Together, our findings provide insight into the role of IgSF6 in intestinal macrophages that modulate the ER stress response and maintain intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Panrui Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Tianlu Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dan Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Wen Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
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3
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Zhou YW, Ren Y, Lu MM, Xu LL, Cheng WX, Zhang MM, Ding LP, Chen D, Gao JG, Du J, Jin CL, Chen CX, Li YF, Cheng T, Jiang PL, Yang YD, Qian PX, Xu PF, Jin X. Crohn's disease as the intestinal manifestation of pan-lymphatic dysfunction: An exploratory proposal based on basic and clinical data. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:34-49. [PMID: 38293325 PMCID: PMC10823898 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i1.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is caused by immune, environmental, and genetic factors. It can involve the entire gastrointestinal tract, and although its prevalence is rapidly increasing its etiology remains unclear. Emerging biological and small-molecule drugs have advanced the treatment of CD; however, a considerable proportion of patients are non-responsive to all known drugs. To achieve a breakthrough in this field, innovations that could guide the further development of effective therapies are of utmost urgency. In this review, we first propose the innovative concept of pan-lymphatic dysfunction for the general distribution of lymphatic dysfunction in various diseases, and suggest that CD is the intestinal manifestation of pan-lymphatic dysfunction based on basic and clinical preliminary data. The supporting evidence is fully summarized, including the existence of lymphatic system dysfunction, recognition of the inside-out model, disorders of immune cells, changes in cell plasticity, partial overlap of the underlying mechanisms, and common gut-derived fatty and bile acid metabolism. Another benefit of this novel concept is that it proposes adopting the zebrafish model for studying intestinal diseases, especially CD, as this model is good at presenting and mimicking lymphatic dysfunction. More importantly, the ensuing focus on improving lymphatic function may lead to novel and promising therapeutic strategies for CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yue Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Miao-Miao Lu
- Endoscopy Center, Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ling-Ling Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second People’s Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei-Xin Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Meng-Meng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hangzhou Shangcheng District People’s Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lin-Ping Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian-Guo Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ci-Liang Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chun-Xiao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yun-Fei Li
- Women’s Hospital and Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- Women’s Hospital and Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Peng-Lei Jiang
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Da Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Peng-Xu Qian
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- Women’s Hospital and Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xi Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
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4
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Shi W, Peng K, Yu H, Wang Z, Xia S, Xiao S, Tian D, Vallance BA, Yu Q. Autotaxin (ATX) inhibits autophagy leading to exaggerated disruption of intestinal epithelial barrier in colitis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166647. [PMID: 36746254 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated disease. Autotaxin (ATX) is associated with increased inflammatory molecules, however, its effect on IBD is not well understood. Autophagy plays an important role in IBD, whether ATX and autophagy act in concert in IBD remains unknown. This study is to explore the possible mechanisms of ATX affecting autophagy leading to the disruption of intestinal epithelial barrier, thereby exacerbating colitis. The expression of ATX was upregulated in UC patients and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice. Here, we described that providing an ATX inhibitor during DSS colitis increased autophagy and ameliorated colonic inflammation. Conversely, intrarectal administration with recombinant (r)ATX increased colitis and decreased autophagy. This pro-colitic effect was attenuated in mice treated with rapamycin, resulting in increased autophagy activity and mild colitis. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of rATX on autophagy was confirmed in vitro and was reversed by the addition of rapamycin. The damaging effects of ATX on epithelial barrier function were reversed by ATX inhibitor or rapamycin treatment. In sum, our results show that ATX can inhibit autophagy through the mTOR pathway, resulting in exaggerated damage to the intestinal epithelial barrier during colitis. These findings suggest that ATX may be a key pro-colitic factor, and represent a potential therapeutic target for treating IBD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Kaixin Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hongbing Yu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shuhong Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Siqi Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dean Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Bruce A Vallance
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Qin Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China.
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5
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Bellavia MC, Nyiranshuti L, Latoche JD, Ho KV, Fecek RJ, Taylor JL, Day KE, Nigam S, Pun M, Gallazzi F, Edinger RS, Storkus WJ, Patel RB, Anderson CJ. PET Imaging of VLA-4 in a New BRAF V600E Mouse Model of Melanoma. Mol Imaging Biol 2022; 24:425-433. [PMID: 34694528 PMCID: PMC9183947 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-021-01666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite unprecedented responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy in melanoma, a major subset of patients progresses and have few effective salvage options. We have previously demonstrated robust, selective uptake of the peptidomimetic LLP2A labeled with Cu-64 ([64Cu]-LLP2A) for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in subcutaneous and metastatic models of B16F10 murine melanoma. LLP2A binds with high affinity to very late antigen-4 (VLA-4, integrin α4β1), a transmembrane protein overexpressed in melanoma and other cancers that facilitates tumor growth and metastasis. Yet B16F10 fails to faithfully reflect human melanoma biology, as it lacks certain oncogenic driver mutations, including BRAF mutations found in ≥ 50 % of clinical specimens. Here, we evaluated the PET tracer [64Cu]-CB-TE1A1P-PEG4-LLP2A ([64Cu]-LLP2A) in novel, translational BRAFV600E mutant melanoma models differing in VLA-4 expression-BPR (VLA-4-) and BPRα (VLA-4+). PROCEDURES BPR cells were transduced with α4 (CD49d) to overexpress intact cell surface VLA-4 (BPRα). The binding affinity of [64Cu]-LLP2A to BPR and BPRα cells was determined by saturation binding assays. [64Cu]-LLP2A internalization into B16F10, BPR, and BPRα cells was quantified via a plate-based assay. Tracer biodistribution and PET/CT imaging were evaluated in mice bearing subcutaneous BPR and BPRα tumors. RESULTS [64Cu]-LLP2A demonstrated high binding affinity to BPRα (Kd = 1.4 nM) but indeterminate binding to BPR cells. VLA-4+ BPRα and B16F10 displayed comparable time-dependent [64Cu]-LLP2A internalization, whereas BPR internalization was undetectable. PET/CT showed increased tracer uptake in BPRα tumors vs. BPR tumors in vivo, which was validated by significantly greater (p < 0.0001) BPRα tumor uptake in biodistribution analyses. CONCLUSIONS [64Cu]-LLP2A discriminates BPRα (VLA-4+) vs. BPR (VLA-4-) melanomas in vivo, supporting translation of these BRAF-mutated melanoma models via prospective imaging and theranostic studies. These results extend the utility of LLP2A to selectively target clinically relevant and therapy-resistant tumor variants toward its use for therapeutic patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Bellavia
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Lea Nyiranshuti
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- RayzeBio Inc., San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Joseph D Latoche
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Khanh-Van Ho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Ronald J Fecek
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine at Seton Hill, Greensburg, PA, 15601, USA
| | - Jennifer L Taylor
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Kathryn E Day
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Shubhanchi Nigam
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Eurofins Scientific, Philadelphia, PA, 19355, USA
| | - Michael Pun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Fabio Gallazzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Robert S Edinger
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Walter J Storkus
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Ravi B Patel
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Carolyn J Anderson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
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6
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Nikolakis D, de Voogd FAE, Pruijt MJ, Grootjans J, van de Sande MG, D’Haens GR. The Role of the Lymphatic System in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031854. [PMID: 35163775 PMCID: PMC8836364 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the number of therapeutic options for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has increased in recent years, patients suffer from decreased quality of life due to non-response or loss of response to the currently available treatments. An increased understanding of the disease’s etiology could provide novel insights for treatment strategies in IBD. Lymphatic system components are generally linked to immune responses and presumably related to inflammatory diseases pathophysiology. This review aims to summarize findings on immune-mediated mechanisms in lymphoid tissues linked with IBD pathogenesis and (potential) novel treatments. Enhanced innate and adaptive immune responses were observed in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and other lymphoid structures, such as Peyer’s patches, in patients with IBD and in animal models. Furthermore, the phenomenon of lymphatic obstruction in the form of granulomas in MLNs and lymphatic vessels correlates with disease activity. There is also evidence that abnormalities in the lymphatic stromal components and lymph node microbiome are common in IBD and could be exploited therapeutically. Finally, novel agents targeting lymphocyte trafficking have been added to the treatment armamentarium in the field of IBD. Overall, gut-associated lymphoid tissue plays a key role in IBD immunopathogenesis, which could offer novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Nikolakis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amsterdam Institute for Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (D.N.); (F.A.E.d.V.); (M.J.P.); (J.G.)
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center (ARC), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Onassis Foundation, 4 Aeschinou Street, 10558 Athens, Greece
| | - Floris A. E. de Voogd
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amsterdam Institute for Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (D.N.); (F.A.E.d.V.); (M.J.P.); (J.G.)
| | - Maarten J. Pruijt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amsterdam Institute for Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (D.N.); (F.A.E.d.V.); (M.J.P.); (J.G.)
| | - Joep Grootjans
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amsterdam Institute for Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (D.N.); (F.A.E.d.V.); (M.J.P.); (J.G.)
| | - Marleen G. van de Sande
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center (ARC), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geert R. D’Haens
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amsterdam Institute for Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (D.N.); (F.A.E.d.V.); (M.J.P.); (J.G.)
- Correspondence:
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7
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Halpert G, Halperin Sheinfeld M, Monteran L, Sharif K, Volkov A, Nadler R, Schlesinger A, Barshak I, Kalechman Y, Blank M, Shoenfeld Y, Amital H. The tellurium-based immunomodulator, AS101 ameliorates adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 203:375-384. [PMID: 33205391 PMCID: PMC7874835 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite undeniable improvement in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the discovery of more effective, less toxic and, ideally, less immune suppressive drugs are much needed. In the current study, we set to explore the potential anti-rheumatic activity of the non-toxic, tellurium-based immunomodulator, AS101 in an experimental animal model of RA. The effect of AS101 was assessed on adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats. Clinical signs of arthritis were assessed. Histopathological examination was used to assess inflammation, synovial changes and tissue lesions. Very late antigen-4 (VLA-4)+ cellular infiltration was detected using immunohistochemical staining. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure circulating anti-cyclic citrullinated-peptide autoantibody (ACPA) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to measure the in-vitro effect of AS101 on interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β expression in activated primary human fibroblasts. Prophylactic treatment with intraperitoneal AS101 reduced clinical arthritis scores in AIA rats (P < 0·01). AS101 abrogated the migration of active chronic inflammatory immune cells, particularly VLA-4+ cells, into joint cartilage and synovium, reduced the extent of joint damage and preserved joint architecture. Compared to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated AIA rats, histopathological inflammatory scores were significantly reduced (P < 0·05). Furthermore, AS101 resulted in a marked reduction of circulating ACPA in comparison to PBS-treated rats (P < 0·05). Importantly, AS101 significantly reduced mRNA levels of proinflammatory mediators such as IL-6 (P < 0·05) and IL-1β (P < 0·01) in activated primary human fibroblasts. Taken together, we report the first demonstration of the anti-rheumatic/inflammatory activity of AS101 in experimental RA model, thereby supporting an alternative early therapeutic intervention and identifying a promising agent for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Halpert
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune DiseasesSheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer; Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine,Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - M. Halperin Sheinfeld
- The Safdié Institute for Cancer, AIDS and Immunology Research; Faculty of Life SciencesBar‐Ilan UniversityRamat‐GanIsrael
| | - L. Monteran
- The Safdié Institute for Cancer, AIDS and Immunology Research; Faculty of Life SciencesBar‐Ilan UniversityRamat‐GanIsrael
- Present address:
Department of Pathology, Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - K. Sharif
- Internal Medicine B and Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune DiseasesSheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer; Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - A. Volkov
- Institute of PathologySheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael
| | - R. Nadler
- The Academic Center of Law and ScienceHod HasharonIsrael
| | - A. Schlesinger
- Department of GeriatricsRabin Medical Center (Beilinson Campus)Petah TikvaIsrael
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - I. Barshak
- Institute of PathologySheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael
| | - Y. Kalechman
- The Safdié Institute for Cancer, AIDS and Immunology Research; Faculty of Life SciencesBar‐Ilan UniversityRamat‐GanIsrael
| | - M. Blank
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune DiseasesSheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer; Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine,Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Y. Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune DiseasesSheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer; Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine,Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
- Laboratory of the Mosaics of AutoimmunitySaint Petersburg UniversitySaint PetersburgRussian Federation
| | - H. Amital
- Internal Medicine B and Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune DiseasesSheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer; Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
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8
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The Proteolytic Fraction From Vasconcellea cundinamarcensis Latex Displays Anti-Inflammatory Effect in A Mouse Model of Acute TNBS-Induced Colitis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3074. [PMID: 32080277 PMCID: PMC7033115 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59895-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteolytic fraction (P1G10) from Vasconcellea cundinamarcensis, displays gastric protective and healing activities in different skin lesions in mice and human. In an excisional model, this fraction accelerates resolution of lesions and modulates inflammatory mediators. Based on these data, we assessed its anti-inflammatory activity in murine colitis model, induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) adopted by its physiopathological similarity with human colitis. Twenty four hours after colitis induction followed by three days of treatment, P1G10 at 0.3 and 3.0 mg/Kg induced 30% increase in body weight (p < 0.0001) and ~80% reduction in colon macroscopic damage score (p < 0.05) compared to the untreated TNBS-induced colitis group. Histological analyses showed that 0.3 mg/Kg P1G10 reduced the inflammatory profile and tissue damage (47%, p < 0.05) when it was proteolytically active. Compared to TNBS group, 0.3 mg/Kg P1G10 reduced MPO activity (80%, p < 0.01), MCP-1 (47%, p < 0.05) and TNF-α (50%, no significant) and increased IL-10 (330%, p < 0.001) levels in the supernatant of colonic tissue homogenate. P1G10 treatment also reduced COX-2 expression (60%, p < 0.05) and metalloprotease-2 activity (39%, p < 0.05) while increased globet cell density (140%, p < 0.01), that contributes to mucus layer protection in colonic tissue. Taken together, these findings suggest that low doses of active P1G10 promotes lesion resolution, at least in part by its anti-inflammatory activity, in TNBS-colitis model.
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Diphenyl Ditelluride: Redox-Modulating and Antiproliferative Properties. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2510936. [PMID: 31772702 PMCID: PMC6854260 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2510936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Tellurium is a rare element that has been regarded as a toxic, nonessential element, and its biological role is not clearly established. In addition, the biological effects of elemental tellurium and some of its organic and inorganic derivatives have been studied, leading to a set of interesting and promising applications. Diphenyl ditelluride (DPDT), an organic tellurium derivate, showed antioxidant, antigenotoxic, antimutagenic, and anticancer properties. The antioxidant and prooxidant properties of DPDT are complex and depend on experimental conditions, which may explain the contradictory reports of these properties. In addition, DPDT may exert its effects through different pathways, including distinct ones to those responsible for chemotherapy resistance phenotypes: transcription factors, membrane receptors, adhesion, structural molecules, cell cycle regulatory components, and apoptosis pathways. This review aims to present recent advances in our understanding of the biological effects, therapeutic potential, and safety of DPDT treatment. Moreover, original results demonstrating the cytotoxic effects of DPDT in different mammalian cell lines and systems biology analysis are included, and emerging approaches for possible future applications are inferred.
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Rabie MA, Zaki HF, Sayed HM. Telluric acid ameliorates hepatic ischemia reperfusion-induced injury in rats: Involvement of TLR4, Nrf2, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 168:404-411. [PMID: 31386827 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In past tellurium-based compounds had limited use, however, their therapeutic potential have been target of interest recently due to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capabilities in experimental endotoxemia. Nevertheless, their potential hepatoprotective effect against ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury is still obscure. This study examined the possible hepatoprotective effect of telluric acid (TELL), one of tellurium-based compound, against the deteriorating effect hepatic IR injury in rats through directing toll like receptor-4 (TLR4) cascade, phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/Akt axis, and nuclear erythroid-related factor-2 (Nrf-2) pathway as possible mechanisms contributed to TELL's effect. Indeed, male Wistar rats were randomized into 3 groups: sham-operated, control IR and TELL (50 µg/kg). TELL was administrated once daily for seven consecutive days prior to the IR induction. Pretreatment with TELL attenuated hepatic IR injury as manifested by hampered plasma aminotransaminases and lactate dehydrogenase activities. Also, TELL opposed IR induced elevation in tissue expression/activity of high-mobility group box protein-1 (HMGB1), TLR4, myeloid differentiation primary-response protein 88 (MyD88), phospho-nuclear factor-kappa B p65 (p-NF-κB p65), phospho-mitogen activated protein kinasep38 (p-MAPKp38) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Moreover, TELL reduced the elevated thiobarbituric acid reactive substances along with increased both Nrf-2 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein expression, beside replenishment of hepatic reduced glutathione. In addition, TELL induced obvious upregulation of p-PI3K and p-Akt protein expressions together with restoration of histopathological changes in IR injury. In conclusion, TELL purveyed conceivable novel hepatoprotective mechanisms and attenuated events associated with acute hepatic injury via inhibition of TLR4 downstream axis and activation of Nrf-2 and PI3K/Akt signaling cascades. Thus, TELL may provide a novel therapeutic potential for complications of hepatic IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa A Rabie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Κasr El-Aini Str., 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Hala F Zaki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Κasr El-Aini Str., 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Helmy M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Κasr El-Aini Str., 11562 Cairo, Egypt
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11
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Baiula M, Spampinato S, Gentilucci L, Tolomelli A. Novel Ligands Targeting α 4β 1 Integrin: Therapeutic Applications and Perspectives. Front Chem 2019; 7:489. [PMID: 31338363 PMCID: PMC6629825 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the other members of the adhesion molecules' family, α4β1 integrin, a heterodimeric receptor, plays a crucial role in inflammatory diseases, cancer development, metastasis and stem cell mobilization or retention. In many cases, its function in pathogenesis is not yet completely understood and investigations on ligand binding and related stabilization of active/inactive conformations still represent an important goal. For this reason, starting from the highlight of α4β1 functions in human pathologies, we report an overview of synthetic α4β1 integrin ligands under development as potential therapeutic agents. The small molecule library that we have selected represents a collection of lead compounds. These molecules are the object of future refinement in academic and industrial research, in order to achieve a fine tuning of α4β1 integrin regulation for the development of novel agents against pathologies still eluding an effective solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Baiula
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Santi Spampinato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Gentilucci
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician,” University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Yossipof TE, Bazak ZR, Kenigsbuch-Sredni D, Caspi RR, Kalechman Y, Sredni B. Tellurium Compounds Prevent and Reverse Type-1 Diabetes in NOD Mice by Modulating α4β7 Integrin Activity, IL-1β, and T Regulatory Cells. Front Immunol 2019; 10:979. [PMID: 31191514 PMCID: PMC6549385 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The study shows that treatment of NOD mice with either of two tellurium-based small molecules, AS101 [ammonium trichloro(dioxoethylene-o,o')tellurate] or SAS [octa-O-bis-(R,R)-tartarate ditellurane] could preserve β cells function and mass. These beneficial effects were reflected in decreased incidence of diabetes, improved glucose clearance, preservation of body weight, and increased survival. The normal glucose levels were associated with increased insulin levels, preservation of β cell mass and increased islet size. Importantly, this protective activity could be demonstrated when the compounds were administered either at the early pre-diabetic phase with no or initial insulitis, at the pre-diabetic stage with advanced insulitis, or even at the advanced, overtly diabetic stage. We further demonstrate that both tellurium compounds prevent migration of autoimmune lymphocytes to the pancreas, via inhibition of the α4β7 integrin activity. Indeed, the decreased migration resulted in diminished pancreatic islets damage both with respect to their size, β cell function, and caspase-3 activity, the hallmark of apoptosis. Most importantly, AS101 and SAS significantly elevated the number of T regulatory cells in the pancreas, thus potentially controlling the autoimmune process. We show that the compounds inhibit pancreatic caspase-1 activity followed by decreased levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-17 in the pancreas. These properties enable the compounds to increase the proportion of Tregs in the pancreatic lymph nodes. AS101 and SAS have been previously shown to regulate specific integrins through a unique redox mechanism. Our current results suggest that amelioration of disease in NOD mice by this unique mechanism is due to decreased infiltration of pancreatic islets combined with increased immune regulation, leading to decreased inflammation within the islets. As these tellurium compounds show remarkable lack of toxicity in clinical trials (AS101) and pre-clinical studies (SAS), they may be suitable for the treatment of type-1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Eitan Yossipof
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, The Safdiè AIDS and Immunology Research Center, C.A.I.R. Institute, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ziva Roy Bazak
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, The Safdiè AIDS and Immunology Research Center, C.A.I.R. Institute, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | | | - Rachel R Caspi
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yona Kalechman
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, The Safdiè AIDS and Immunology Research Center, C.A.I.R. Institute, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Benjamin Sredni
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, The Safdiè AIDS and Immunology Research Center, C.A.I.R. Institute, Ramat Gan, Israel
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13
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Bing SJ, Shemesh I, Chong WP, Horai R, Jittayasothorn Y, Silver PB, Sredni B, Caspi RR. AS101 ameliorates experimental autoimmune uveitis by regulating Th1 and Th17 responses and inducing Treg cells. J Autoimmun 2019; 100:52-61. [PMID: 30853312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AS101 is an organotellurium compound with multifaceted immunoregulatory properties that is remarkable for its lack of toxicity. We tested the therapeutic effect of AS101 in experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU), a model for human autoimmune uveitis. Unexpectedly, treatment with AS101 elicited Treg generation in vivo in otherwise unmanipulated mice. Mice immunized for EAU with the retinal antigen IRBP and treated with AS101 developed attenuated disease, as did AS101-treated recipients of retina-specific T cells activated in vitro. In both settings, eye-infiltrating effector T cells were decreased, whereas regulatory T (Treg) cells in the spleen were increased. Mechanistic studies in vitro revealed that AS101 restricted polarization of retina-specific T cells towards Th1 or Th17 lineage by repressing activation of their respective lineage-specific transcription factors and downstream signals. Retina-specific T cells polarized in vitro towards Th1 or Th17 in the presence of AS101 had impaired ability to induce EAU in naïve recipients. Finally, AS101 promoted differentiation of retina-specific T cells to Tregs in vitro independently of TGF-β. We conclude that AS101 modulates autoimmune T cells by inhibiting acquisition and expression of effector function and by promoting Treg generation, and suggest that AS101 could be useful as a therapeutic approach for autoimmune uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Jin Bing
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Itay Shemesh
- C.A.I.R. Institute, Safdié AIDS and Immunology Research Center, Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Wai Po Chong
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Reiko Horai
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yingyos Jittayasothorn
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Phyllis B Silver
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Benjamin Sredni
- C.A.I.R. Institute, Safdié AIDS and Immunology Research Center, Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900, Israel.
| | - Rachel R Caspi
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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14
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Mohamed AF, Safar MM, Zaki HF, Sayed HM. Telluric Acid Ameliorates Endotoxemic Kidney Injury in Mice: Involvement of TLR4, Nrf2, and PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathways. Inflammation 2018; 40:1742-1752. [PMID: 28685413 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0617-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Being one of the most abundant trace elements in the human body, the therapeutic potential of tellurium-based compounds has been a target of interest. Recent reports denoted their redox-modulating and anti-inflammatory activities in experimental endotoxemia. However, their potential nephroprotective effect against endotoxemic kidney injury is yet to be elucidated. This study investigated the possible renoprotective effect of telluric acid (TEL) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in mice, targeting toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) pathways as possible mechanistic contributors to TEL's effect. AKI was induced by LPS (2 mg/kg). TEL (60 μg/kg; i.p.) was administered once daily for seven consecutive days before LPS injection. Pretreatment with TEL alleviated LPS-induced AKI as evidenced by the hampered serum levels of creatinine and cystatin C. TEL also opposed LPS-induced elevation in renal kidney injury molecule-1, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, nuclear factor-kappa B p65, interleukin-1β, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance contents. This was accompanied by a replenishment of renal glutathione, transcriptional upregulation of Nrf2, enhancement of heme oxygenase-1 activity, and a marked upregulation of phospho-PI3K and phospho-Akt protein expressions. Histopathological findings corroborated with the amendment of biochemical parameters. In view of these findings, we may conclude that TEL pretreatment purveyed novel nephroprotective effects against endotoxemic kidney injury, which might be partly attributed to the modulation of TLR4, PI3K/Akt, and Nrf2 signaling pathways and may hence provide a valuable asset for the management of endotoxemic renal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed F Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Marwa M Safar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Suez Desert Road, P.O. Box 43, El Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
| | - Hala F Zaki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Helmy M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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15
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Teixeira ML, Menezes LRA, Barison A, de Oliveira ARM, Piovan L. Investigation of Chemical Stability of Dihalogenated Organotelluranes in Organic-Aqueous Media: The Protagonism of Water. J Org Chem 2018; 83:7341-7346. [PMID: 29373033 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The biological activity of tellurium compounds is closely related to the tellurium oxidation state or some of their structural features. Hypervalent dihalogenated organotelluranes 1-[butyl(dichloro)-λ4-tellanyl]-2-(methoxymethyl)benzene (1a) and 1-[butyl(dibromide)-λ4-tellanyl]-2-(methoxymethyl)benzene (1b) have been described as inhibitors of proteases (cysteine and threonine) and tyrosine phosphatases. However, poor attention has been given to their physicochemical properties. Here, a detailed investigation of the stability in water of these organotelluranes is reported using 125Te NMR analysis. Dihalogenated organotelluranes 1a and 1b were both stable in DMSO- d6 (from 25 to 75 °C), demonstrating their thermal stability. However, the addition of a phosphate buffer solution (pH 2-8) to 1a or 1b resulted in an immediate conversion to a new Te species, assumed to be the corresponding telluroxide. Similar behavior was observed in pure water, demonstrating the low chemical stability of these dihalogenated species in the presence of water. These results allow concluding that previous biological activity reported for dihalogenated organotelluranes 1a and 1b could be attributed to the corresponding derivatives from the reaction with water. In the same way as for AS-101, we demonstrated that organotelluranes 1a and 1b are not stable in aqueous solution. It suggests a proactive role of these organotelluranes in previously reported biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana L Teixeira
- Department of Chemistry , Universidade Federal do Paraná , Avenida Coronel Francisco Heráclito dos Santos, 100 - Jardim das Américas , Curitiba , Paraná 81531980 , Brazil
| | - Leociley R A Menezes
- Department of Chemistry , Universidade Federal do Paraná , Avenida Coronel Francisco Heráclito dos Santos, 100 - Jardim das Américas , Curitiba , Paraná 81531980 , Brazil
| | - Andersson Barison
- Department of Chemistry , Universidade Federal do Paraná , Avenida Coronel Francisco Heráclito dos Santos, 100 - Jardim das Américas , Curitiba , Paraná 81531980 , Brazil
| | - Alfredo R M de Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry , Universidade Federal do Paraná , Avenida Coronel Francisco Heráclito dos Santos, 100 - Jardim das Américas , Curitiba , Paraná 81531980 , Brazil
| | - Leandro Piovan
- Department of Chemistry , Universidade Federal do Paraná , Avenida Coronel Francisco Heráclito dos Santos, 100 - Jardim das Américas , Curitiba , Paraná 81531980 , Brazil
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16
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SLC26A3 (DRA) prevents TNF-alpha-induced barrier dysfunction and dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute colitis. J Transl Med 2018; 98:462-476. [PMID: 29330471 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-017-0005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
SLC26A3 encodes a Cl-/HCO3- ion transporter that is also known as downregulated in adenoma (DRA) and is involved in HCO3-/mucus formation. The role of DRA in the epithelial barrier has not been previously established. In this study, we investigated the in vivo and in vitro mechanisms of DRA in the colon epithelial barrier. Immunofluorescence (IF) and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) studies reveal that DRA binds directly to tight junction (TJ) proteins and affects the expression of TJ proteins in polarized Caco-2BBe cells. Similarly, DRA colocalizes with ZO-1 in the intestinal epithelium. Knockdown or overexpression of DRA leads to alterations in TJ proteins and epithelial permeability. In addition, TNF-α treatment downregulates DRA by activating NF-кB and subsequently affecting intestinal epithelial barrier integrity. Furthermore, overexpression of DRA partly reverses the TNF-α-induced damage by stabilizing TJ proteins. Neutralization of TNF-α in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice demonstrates improved the outcomes, and the therapeutic effect of the TNF-α neutralizing mAb is mediated in part by the preservation of DRA expression. These data suggest that DRA may be one of the therapeutic targets of TNF-α. Moreover, DRA delivered by adenovirus vector significantly prevents the exacerbation of colitis and improves epithelial barrier function by promoting the recovery of TJ proteins in DSS-treated mice. In conclusion, DRA plays a role in protecting the epithelial barrier and may be a therapeutic target in gut homeostasis.
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17
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Abstract
Chemical speciation approaches is an inherent part of metallomics, once metals/metalloids and organic structures need to be currently evaluated for attaining metallomics studies. Then, this chapter focuses on the applications of the chemical speciation applied to the human health risk, food and human diet, drugs, forensic, nanoscience, and geological metallomics, also pointing out the advances in such area. Some aspects regarding sample preparation is commented along this chapter, and some strategies for maintaining the integrity of the metallomics information are also emphasized.
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18
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Hachmo Y, Kalechman Y, Skornick I, Gafter U, Caspi RR, Sredni B. The Small Tellurium Compound AS101 Ameliorates Rat Crescentic Glomerulonephritis: Association with Inhibition of Macrophage Caspase-1 Activity via Very Late Antigen-4 Inactivation. Front Immunol 2017; 8:240. [PMID: 28326083 PMCID: PMC5339302 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Crescentic glomerulonephritis (CGN) is the most aggressive form of GN and, if untreated, patients can progress to end-stage renal failure within weeks of presentation. The α4β1 integrin very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) is an adhesion molecule of fundamental importance to the recruitment of leukocytes in inflammation. We addressed the role of VLA-4 in mediating progressive renal injury in a rat model of CGN using a small tellurium compound. AS101 [ammonium trichloro(dioxoethylene-o,o')tellurate]. This compound has been previously shown to uniquely inhibit VLA-4 activity by redox inactivation of adjacent thiols in the exofacial domain of VLA-4. The study shows that administration of AS101 either before or after glomerular basement membrane anti-serum injection ameliorates crescent formation or preserves renal function. This was associated with profound inhibition of critical inflammatory mediators, accompanied by decreased glomerular infiltration of macrophages. Mechanistic studies demonstrated vla-4 inactivation on glomerular macrophages both in vitro and in vivo as well as inhibition of caspase-1 activity. Importantly, this cysteine protease activity modification was dependent on VLA-4 inactivation and was associated with the anti-inflammatory activity of AS101. We propose that inactivation of macrophage VLA-4 by AS101 in vivo results in a decrease of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines produced in the glomeruli of diseased rats, resulting in decreased further macrophage recruitment and decreased extracellular matrix expansion. Thus, AS101, which is currently in clinical trials for other indications, might be beneficial for treatment of CGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafit Hachmo
- C.A.I.R. Institute, The Safdiè AIDS and Immunology Research Center, The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan , Israel
| | - Yona Kalechman
- C.A.I.R. Institute, The Safdiè AIDS and Immunology Research Center, The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan , Israel
| | - Itai Skornick
- C.A.I.R. Institute, The Safdiè AIDS and Immunology Research Center, The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan , Israel
| | - Uzi Gafter
- Laboratory of Nephrology and Transplant Immunology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel; Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rachel R Caspi
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD , USA
| | - Benjamin Sredni
- C.A.I.R. Institute, The Safdiè AIDS and Immunology Research Center, The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan , Israel
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Khajah MA, Ananthalakshmi KV, Edafiogho I. Anti-Inflammatory Properties of the Enaminone E121 in the Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) Colitis Model. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168567. [PMID: 27997590 PMCID: PMC5173236 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enaminones are synthetic compounds with an established role in the prevention of various forms of seizures. Recent evidence suggests potent anti-tussive, bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory properties. Pre-treatment with particularly E121 compound resulted in a decrease in leukocyte recruitment in the ovalbumin induced-model of asthma, immune cell proliferation and cytokine release in vitro. We hypothesize that E121 might serve as a therapeutic potential in intestinal inflammation through modulating immune cell functions. METHODS Colitis was induced by daily dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) administration for 5 days, and its severity was determined by gross and histological assessments. The plasma level of various cytokines was measured using flow cytometry-based assay. The colonic expression/ phosphorylation level of various molecules was determined by immunofluorescence and western blotting. The effects of E121 treatment on in vitro neutrophil chemotaxis (under-agarose assay), superoxide release (luminol oxidation assay) and apoptosis (annexin V/7AAD) were also determined. RESULTS DSS-induced colitis in mice was significantly reduced by daily E121 treatment (30-100 mg/kg) at gross and histological levels. This effect was due to modulated plasma levels of interleukin (IL-2) and colonic expression levels of various signaling molecules and proteins involved in apoptosis. In vitro neutrophil survival, chemotaxis, and superoxide release were also reduced by E121 treatment. CONCLUSION Our results indicate important anti-inflammatory actions of E121 in the pathogenesis of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ivan Edafiogho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Saint Joseph School of Pharmacy, Hartford, Connecticut, United States of America
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Huang WC, Liang J, Nagahashi M, Avni D, Yamada A, Maceyka M, Wolen AR, Kordula T, Milstien S, Takabe K, Oravecz T, Spiegel S. Sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase 2 promotes disruption of mucosal integrity, and contributes to ulcerative colitis in mice and humans. FASEB J 2016; 30:2945-58. [PMID: 27130484 PMCID: PMC4970610 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600394r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The bioactive sphingolipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and the kinase that produces it have been implicated in inflammatory bowel diseases in mice and humans; however, little is known about the role of the 2 S1P-specific phosphohydrolase isoforms, SGPP1 and SGPP2, which catalyze dephosphorylation of S1P to sphingosine. To elucidate their functions, we generated specific knockout mice. Deletion of Sgpp2, which is mainly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, significantly reduced dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis severity, whereas deletion of ubiquitously expressed Sgpp1 slightly worsened colitis. Moreover, Sgpp1 deletion enhanced expression of multifunctional proinflammatory cytokines, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β, activation of the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and immune cell infiltration into the colon. Conversely, Sgpp2-null mice failed to mount a DSS-induced systemic inflammatory response. Of interest, Sgpp2 deficiency suppressed DSS-induced intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis and improved mucosal barrier integrity. Furthermore, down-regulation of Sgpp2 attenuated LPS-induced paracellular permeability in cultured cells and enhanced expression of the adherens junction protein E-cadherin. Finally, in patients with ulcerative colitis, SGPP2 expression was elevated in colitis tissues relative to that in uninvolved tissues. These results indicate that induction of SGPP2 expression contributes to the pathogenesis of colitis by promoting disruption of the mucosal barrier function. SGPP2 may represent a novel therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease.-Huang, W.-C., Liang, J., Nagahashi, M., Avni, D., Yamada, A., Maceyka, M., Wolen, A. R., Kordula, T., Milstien, S., Takabe, K., Oravecz, T., Spiegel, S. Sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase 2 promotes disruption of mucosal integrity, and contributes to ulcerative colitis in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ching Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine and the Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine and the Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Masayuki Nagahashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine and the Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA; Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine and the Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Dorit Avni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine and the Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Akimitsu Yamada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine and the Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA; Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine and the Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Michael Maceyka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine and the Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Aaron R Wolen
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine and the Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Tomasz Kordula
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine and the Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Sheldon Milstien
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine and the Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine and the Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA; Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine and the Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine and the Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA;
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Dardik R, Livnat T, Halpert G, Jawad S, Nisgav Y, Azar-Avivi S, Liu B, Nussenblatt RB, Weinberger D, Sredni B. The small tellurium-based compound SAS suppresses inflammation in human retinal pigment epithelium. Mol Vis 2016; 22:548-62. [PMID: 27293373 PMCID: PMC4889158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pathological angiogenesis and chronic inflammation greatly contribute to the development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in chorioretinal diseases involving abnormal contact between retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) and endothelial cells (ECs), associated with Bruch's membrane rupture. We explored the ability of the small organotellurium compound octa-O-bis-(R,R)-tartarate ditellurane (SAS) to mitigate inflammatory processes in human RPE cells. METHODS Cell adhesion assays and analyses of gene and protein expression were used to examine the effect of SAS on ARPE-19 cells or primary human RPE cells that were grown alone or in an RPE-EC co-culture. RESULTS Adhesion assays showed that SAS inhibited αv integrins expressed on RPE cells. Co-cultures of RPE cells with ECs significantly reduced the gene expression of PEDF, as compared to RPE cells cultured alone. Both SAS and the anti-αvβ3 antibody LM609 significantly enhanced the production of PEDF at both mRNA and protein levels in RPE cells. RPE cells co-cultured with EC exhibited increased gene expression of CXCL5, COX1, MMP2, IGF1, and IL8, all of which are involved in both angiogenesis and inflammation. The enhanced expression of these genes was greatly suppressed by SAS, but interestingly, remained unaffected by LM609. Zymography assay showed that SAS reduced the level of MMP-2 activity in RPE cells. We also found that SAS significantly suppressed IL-1β-induced IL-6 expression and secretion from RPE cells by reducing the protein levels of phospho-IkappaBalpha (pIκBα). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that SAS is a promising anti-inflammatory agent in RPE cells, and may be an effective therapeutic approach for controlling chorioretinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Dardik
- Institute of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel,Laboratory of Eye Research, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Tami Livnat
- Laboratory of Eye Research, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Gilad Halpert
- C.A.I.R. Institute, The Safdié AIDS and Immunology Research Center, The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Shayma Jawad
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Yael Nisgav
- Laboratory of Eye Research, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Shirley Azar-Avivi
- Laboratory of Eye Research, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Baoying Liu
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Robert B. Nussenblatt
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Dov Weinberger
- Laboratory of Eye Research, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel,Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petach Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Benjamin Sredni
- C.A.I.R. Institute, The Safdié AIDS and Immunology Research Center, The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
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Kamran MZ, Ranjan A, Kaur N, Sur S, Tandon V. Radioprotective Agents: Strategies and Translational Advances. Med Res Rev 2016; 36:461-93. [PMID: 26807693 DOI: 10.1002/med.21386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Radioprotectors are agents required to protect biological system exposed to radiation, either naturally or through radiation leakage, and they protect normal cells from radiation injury in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. It is imperative to study radioprotectors and their mechanism of action comprehensively, looking at their potential therapeutic applications. This review intimately chronicles the rich intellectual, pharmacological story of natural and synthetic radioprotectors. A continuous effort is going on by researchers to develop clinically promising radioprotective agents. In this article, for the first time we have discussed the impact of radioprotectors on different signaling pathways in cells, which will create a basis for scientific community working in this area to develop novel molecules with better therapeutic efficacy. The bright future of exceptionally noncytotoxic derivatives of bisbenzimidazoles is also described as radiomodulators. Amifostine, an effective radioprotectant, has been approved by the FDA for limited clinical use. However, due to its adverse side effects, it is not routinely used clinically. Recently, CBLB502 and several analog of a peptide are under clinical trial and showed high success against radiotherapy in cancer. This article reviews the different types of radioprotective agents with emphasis on the strategies for the development of novel radioprotectors for drug development. In addition, direction for future strategies relevant to the development of radioprotectors is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zahid Kamran
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Atul Ranjan
- Kansas University of Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160
| | - Navrinder Kaur
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Souvik Sur
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Vibha Tandon
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.,Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
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23
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Zakrzewski J, Huras B, Kiełczewska A, Krawczyk M. Reactions of nitroxides 16. First nitroxides containing tellurium atom. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15880c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Five- and six-membered nitroxides with a tellurium containing moiety were synthesized by the addition of nitroxyl amines to phenyltellanyl alkylene isothiocyanates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bogumiła Huras
- Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry
- 03-236 Warsaw
- Poland
| | | | - Maria Krawczyk
- Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry
- 03-236 Warsaw
- Poland
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Chellan P, Sadler PJ. The elements of life and medicines. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2015; 373:20140182. [PMID: 25666066 PMCID: PMC4342972 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2014.0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Which elements are essential for human life? Here we make an element-by-element journey through the periodic table and attempt to assess whether elements are essential or not, and if they are, whether there is a relevant code for them in the human genome. There are many difficulties such as the human biochemistry of several so-called essential elements is not well understood, and it is not clear how we should classify elements that are involved in the destruction of invading microorganisms, or elements which are essential for microorganisms with which we live in symbiosis. In general, genes do not code for the elements themselves, but for specific chemical species, i.e. for the element, its oxidation state, type and number of coordinated ligands, and the coordination geometry. Today, the biological periodic table is in a position somewhat similar to Mendeleev's chemical periodic table of 1869: there are gaps and we need to do more research to fill them. The periodic table also offers potential for novel therapeutic and diagnostic agents, based on not only essential elements, but also non-essential elements, and on radionuclides. Although the potential for inorganic chemistry in medicine was realized more than 2000 years ago, this area of research is still in its infancy. Future advances in the design of inorganic drugs require more knowledge of their mechanism of action, including target sites and metabolism. Temporal speciation of elements in their biological environments at the atomic level is a major challenge, for which new methods are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prinessa Chellan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Peter J Sadler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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25
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Shin JS, Cho EJ, Choi HE, Seo JH, An HJ, Park HJ, Cho YW, Lee KT. Anti-inflammatory effect of a standardized triterpenoid-rich fraction isolated from Rubus coreanus on dextran sodium sulfate-induced acute colitis in mice and LPS-induced macrophages. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 158 Pt A:291-300. [PMID: 25446582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rubus coreanus Miquel (Rosaceae), the Korean black raspberry, has traditionally been used to treat inflammatory diseases including diarrhea, asthma, stomach ailment, and cancer. Although previous studies showed that the 19α-hydroxyursane-type triterpenoids isolated from Rubus coreanus exerted anti-inflammatory activities, their effects on ulcerative colitis and mode of action have not been explored. This study was designed to assess the anti-inflammatory effects and the molecular mechanisms involving19α-hydroxyursane-type triterpenoid-rich fraction from Rubus coreanus (TFRC) on a mice model of colitis and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental colitis was induced by DSS for 7 days in ICR mice. Disease activity indices (DAI) took into account body weight, stool consistency, and gross bleeding. Histological changes and macrophage accumulation were observed by immunohistochemical analysis. Pro-inflammatory markers were determined using immunoassays, RT-PCR, and real time PCR. Signaling pathway involving nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) activation was determined by luciferase assay and Western blotting. RESULTS In DSS-induced colitis mice, TFRC improved DAIs and pathological characteristics including colon shortening and colonic epithelium injury. TFRC suppressed tissue levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduced macrophage infiltration into colonic tissues. In LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages, TFRC inhibited the production of NO, PGE2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines by down-regulating the activation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling. CONCLUSION The study demonstrates that TFRC has potent anti-inflammatory effects on DSS-induced colonic injury and LPS-induced macrophage activation, and supports its possible therapeutic and preventive roles in colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Sun Shin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Reactive Oxygen Species Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eu-Jin Cho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Eun Choi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyung Seo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Sangji University, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Juhn Park
- Department of Botanical Resources, Sangji University, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Wuk Cho
- Reactive Oxygen Species Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Danoch H, Kalechman Y, Albeck M, Longo DL, Sredni B. Sensitizing B- and T- cell Lymphoma Cells to Paclitaxel/Abraxane-Induced Death by AS101 via Inhibition of the VLA-4-IL10-Survivin Axis. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 13:411-22. [PMID: 25351768 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy is a major concern in clinical oncology, resulting in increased tumor growth and decreased patient survival. Manipulation of apoptosis has emerged as a new therapeutic strategy to eliminate cancer cells. The focus of this study resides within a novel approach to target survivin, an integrator of both cell death and mitosis. This protein plays a pivotal role in the resistance of tumors to chemotherapy, especially to paclitaxel. The data herein demonstrate an indirect repression of survivin in both B- and T-cell lymphoma and human NHL by the nontoxic tellurium compound, AS101 [ammonium trichloro(dioxoethylene-o,o')tellurate], via inhibition of tumor autocrine IL10-STAT3-Survivin signaling. As a result of survivin abrogation, sensitization of lymphomas to paclitaxel or to Abraxane, the new albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation of paclitaxel, occurs both in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, inhibition of lymphoma cell IL10 secretion is mediated by inactivation of the VLA-4 integrin, recently shown to be an important target of AS101. This activity is followed by inhibition of the PI3K-AKT axis that mediates IL10 suppression. Because a wide variety of lymphomas and other tumor types express VLA-4 and secrete IL10 in an autocrine manner, inhibition of survivin with a small nontoxic agent has vast clinical significance in modulating chemosensitivity in many tumor types. IMPLICATIONS Combination therapy with AS101 and paclitaxel has novel therapeutic potential targeting deregulated active pathways in lymphoma, overcoming endogenous resistance to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hila Danoch
- C.A.I.R. Institute, The Safdiè AIDS and Immunology Research Center, The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Yona Kalechman
- C.A.I.R. Institute, The Safdiè AIDS and Immunology Research Center, The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Michael Albeck
- Chemistry Department, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Dan L Longo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Biomedical Research Center, National Institute of Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Benjamin Sredni
- C.A.I.R. Institute, The Safdiè AIDS and Immunology Research Center, The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
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Halpert G, Sredni B. The effect of the novel tellurium compound AS101 on autoimmune diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2014; 13:1230-5. [PMID: 25153485 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tellurium is a rare element, which has been regarded as a non-essential trace element despite its relative abundance in the human body. The chemistry of tellurium supports a plethora of activities, but its biochemistry is not clearly established to date. The small tellurium(IV) compound, ammonium trichloro (dioxoethylene-o,o')tellurate (AS101) developed and initially investigated by us, is currently being evaluated in Phase II clinical trials in psoriasis patients. AS101 is the first tellurium compound to be tested for clinical efficacy. This compound is a potent immunomodulator both in vitro and in vivo with a variety of potential therapeutic applications. The present review will focus on the immunomodulatory properties of AS101, and specifically, its effects in mitigating autoimmune diseases. AS101 has several activities that act on the immune system, including: 1) its ability to reduce IL-17 levels and to inhibit the function of Th17 cells; 2) its specific unique redox-modulating activities enabling the inhibition of specific leukocyte integrins such as α4β1 and α4β7, that are pivotal for diapedesis of macrophages and CD4(+) T inflammatory/auto-reactive cells into the autoimmune tissues; and 3) its ability to enhance the activity of regulatory T cells (Treg). These activities coupled with its excellent safety profile suggest that AS101 may be a promising candidate for the management of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilad Halpert
- C.A.I.R. Institute, The Safdié AIDS and Immunology Research Center, The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Benjamin Sredni
- C.A.I.R. Institute, The Safdié AIDS and Immunology Research Center, The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel.
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