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Blengini CS, Vaskovicova M, Schier J, Drutovic D, Schindler K. Spatio-temporal requirements of Aurora kinase A in mouse oocyte meiotic spindle building. iScience 2024; 27:110451. [PMID: 39081293 PMCID: PMC11284559 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Meiotic spindles are critical to ensure chromosome segregation during gamete formation. Oocytes lack centrosomes and use alternative microtubule-nucleation mechanisms for spindle building. How these mechanisms are regulated is still unknown. Aurora kinase A (AURKA) is essential for mouse oocyte meiosis because in pro-metaphase I it triggers microtubule organizing-center fragmentation and its expression compensates for the loss of the two other Aurora kinases (AURKB/AURKC). Although knockout mouse models were useful for foundational studies, AURK spatial and temporal functions are not yet resolved. We provide high-resolution analyses of AURKA/AURKC requirements during meiotic spindle-building and identify the subcellular populations that carry out these functions: 1) AURKA is required in early spindle assembly and later for spindle stability, whereas 2) AURKC is required in late pro-metaphase, and 3) Targeted AURKA constructs expressed in triple AURK knockout oocytes reveal that spindle pole-localized AURKA is the most important population controlling spindle building and stability mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia S. Blengini
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Michaela Vaskovicova
- Laboratory of DNA Integrity, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Libechov, Czech Republic
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Schier
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Information Theory and Automation, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - David Drutovic
- Laboratory of DNA Integrity, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Karen Schindler
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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2
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Li L, Xie K, Xie H, Wang L, Li Z, Lu Q, Feng J. AURKB promotes colorectal cancer progression by triggering the phosphorylation of histone H3 at serine 10 to activate CCNE1 expression. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:8019-8030. [PMID: 38713155 PMCID: PMC11132018 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Aurora kinase B (AURKB) initiates the phosphorylation of serine 10 on histone H3 (pH3S10), a crucial process for chromosome condensation and cytokinesis in mammalian mitosis. Nonetheless, the precise mechanisms through which AURKB regulates the cell cycle and contributes to tumorigenesis as an oncogenic factor in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. Here, we report that AURKB was highly expressed and positively correlated with Ki-67 expression in CRC. The abundant expression of AURKB promotes the growth of CRC cells and xenograft tumors in animal model. AURKB knockdown substantially suppressed CRC proliferation and triggered cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase. Interestingly, cyclin E1 (CCNE1) was discovered as a direct downstream target of AURKB and functioned synergistically with AURKB to promote CRC cell proliferation. Mechanically, AURKB activated CCNE1 expression by triggering pH3S10 in the promoter region of CCNE1. Furthermore, it was showed that the inhibitor specific for AURKB (AZD1152) can suppress CCNE1 expression in CRC cells and inhibit tumor cell growth. To conclude, this research demonstrates that AURKB accelerated the tumorigenesis of CRC through its potential to epigenetically activate CCNE1 expression, suggesting AURKB as a promising therapeutic target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Ke Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Honghu Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Qicheng Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jin Feng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
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3
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Alharthy RD, Fatima G, Yousaf N, Iqbal MS, Sattar S, Alanzi AR, Ali I, Muddassar M. Binding selectivity analysis of AURKs inhibitors through molecular dynamics simulation studies. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295741. [PMID: 38113210 PMCID: PMC10729953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aurora kinases (AURKs) have been identified as promising biological targets for the treatment of cancer. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations were employed to investigate the binding selectivity of three inhibitors (HPM, MPY, and VX6) towards AURKA and AURKB by predicting their binding free energies. The results show that the inhibitors HPM, MPY, and VX6 have more favorable interactions with AURKB as compared to AURKA. The binding energy decomposition analysis revealed that four common residue pairs (L139, L83), (V147, V91), (L210, L154), and (L263, L207) showed significant binding energies with HPM, MPY, and VX6, hence responsible for the binding selectivity of AURKA and AURKB to the inhibitors. The MD trajectory analysis also revealed that the inhibitors affect the dynamic flexibility of protein structure, which is also responsible for the partial selectivity of HPM, MPY, and VX6 towards AURKA and AURKB. As expected, this study provides useful insights for the design of potential inhibitors with high selectivity for AURKA and AURKB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima D. Alharthy
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Arts College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghulam Fatima
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Numan Yousaf
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Sadia Sattar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah R. Alanzi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ijaz Ali
- Centre for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB), Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait
| | - Muhammad Muddassar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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4
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Kang MJ, Jin N, Park SY, Han JS. Phospholipase D1 promotes astrocytic differentiation through the FAK/AURKA/STAT3 signaling pathway in hippocampal neural stem/progenitor cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119361. [PMID: 36162649 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipase D1 (PLD1) plays a crucial role in cell differentiation of different cell types. However, the involvement of PLD1 in astrocytic differentiation remains uncertain. In the present study, we investigate the possible role of PLD1 and its product phosphatidic acid (PA) in astrocytic differentiation of hippocampal neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) from hippocampi of embryonic day 16.5 rat embryos. We showed that overexpression of PLD1 increased the expression level of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), an astrocyte marker, and the number of GFAP-positive cells. Knockdown of PLD1 by transfection with Pld1 shRNA inhibited astrocytic differentiation. Moreover, PLD1 deletion (Pld1-/-) suppressed the level of GFAP in the mouse hippocampus. These results indicate that PLD1 plays a crucial role in regulating astrocytic differentiation in hippocampal NSPCs. Interestingly, PA itself was sufficient to promote astrocytic differentiation. PA-induced GFAP expression was decreased by inhibition of signal transducer and activation of transcription 3 (STAT3) using siRNA. Furthermore, PA-induced STAT3 activation and astrocytic differentiation were regulated by the focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/aurora kinase A (AURKA) pathway. Taken together, our findings suggest that PLD1 is an important modulator of astrocytic differentiation in hippocampal NSPCs via the FAK/AURKA/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jeong Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Nuri Jin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joong-Soo Han
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Stefani A, Piro G, Schietroma F, Strusi A, Vita E, Fiorani S, Barone D, Monaca F, Sparagna I, Valente G, Ferrara MG, D’Argento E, Di Salvatore M, Carbone C, Tortora G, Bria E. Unweaving the mitotic spindle: A focus on Aurora kinase inhibitors in lung cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1026020. [PMID: 36387232 PMCID: PMC9647054 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1026020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancies, classified into two major histological subtypes: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), that accounts for about 85% of new diagnosis, and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), the other 15%. In the case of NSCLC, comprehensive genome sequencing has allowed the identification of an increasing number of actionable targets, which have become the cornerstone of treatment in the advanced setting. On the other hand, the concept of oncogene-addiction is lacking in SCLC, and the only innovation of the last 30 years has been the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors in extensive stage disease. Dysregulation of cell cycle is a fundamental step in carcinogenesis, and Aurora kinases (AURKs) are a family of serine/threonine kinases that play a crucial role in the correct advance through the steps of the cycle. Hyperexpression of Aurora kinases is a common protumorigenic pathway in many cancer types, including NSCLC and SCLC; in addition, different mechanisms of resistance to anticancer drugs rely on AURK expression. Hence, small molecule inhibitors of AURKs have been developed in recent years and tested in several malignancies, with different results. The aim of this review is to analyze the current evidences of AURK inhibition in lung cancer, starting from preclinical rationale to finish with clinical trials available up to now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Stefani
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Section of Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Geny Piro
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Section of Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Schietroma
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Section of Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Strusi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Section of Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Vita
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Section of Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Fiorani
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Section of Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Diletta Barone
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Section of Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Monaca
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Section of Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Ileana Sparagna
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Section of Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giustina Valente
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Section of Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Miriam Grazia Ferrara
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Section of Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Ettore D’Argento
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Section of Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariantonietta Di Salvatore
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Section of Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Carbone
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Section of Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Tortora
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Section of Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilio Bria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Section of Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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6
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Baltzer S, Bulatov T, Schmied C, Krämer A, Berger BT, Oder A, Walker-Gray R, Kuschke C, Zühlke K, Eichhorst J, Lehmann M, Knapp S, Weston J, von Kries JP, Süssmuth RD, Klussmann E. Aurora Kinase A Is Involved in Controlling the Localization of Aquaporin-2 in Renal Principal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020763. [PMID: 35054947 PMCID: PMC8776063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The cAMP-dependent aquaporin-2 (AQP2) redistribution from intracellular vesicles into the plasma membrane of renal collecting duct principal cells induces water reabsorption and fine-tunes body water homeostasis. However, the mechanisms controlling the localization of AQP2 are not understood in detail. Using immortalized mouse medullary collecting duct (MCD4) and primary rat inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells as model systems, we here discovered a key regulatory role of Aurora kinase A (AURKA) in the control of AQP2. The AURKA-selective inhibitor Aurora-A inhibitor I and novel derivatives as well as a structurally different inhibitor, Alisertib, prevented the cAMP-induced redistribution of AQP2. Aurora-A inhibitor I led to a depolymerization of actin stress fibers, which serve as tracks for the translocation of AQP2-bearing vesicles to the plasma membrane. The phosphorylation of cofilin-1 (CFL1) inactivates the actin-depolymerizing function of CFL1. Aurora-A inhibitor I decreased the CFL1 phosphorylation, accounting for the removal of the actin stress fibers and the inhibition of the redistribution of AQP2. Surprisingly, Alisertib caused an increase in actin stress fibers and did not affect CFL1 phosphorylation, indicating that AURKA exerts its control over AQP2 through different mechanisms. An involvement of AURKA and CFL1 in the control of the localization of AQP2 was hitherto unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Baltzer
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (S.B.); (R.W.-G.); (C.K.); (K.Z.)
- Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany; (T.B.); (R.D.S.)
| | - Timur Bulatov
- Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany; (T.B.); (R.D.S.)
| | - Christopher Schmied
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (C.S.); (A.O.); (J.E.); (M.L.); (J.P.v.K.)
| | - Andreas Krämer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (A.K.); (B.-T.B.); (S.K.)
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- DKTK (German Translational Research Network), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Benedict-Tilman Berger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (A.K.); (B.-T.B.); (S.K.)
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Oder
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (C.S.); (A.O.); (J.E.); (M.L.); (J.P.v.K.)
| | - Ryan Walker-Gray
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (S.B.); (R.W.-G.); (C.K.); (K.Z.)
| | - Christin Kuschke
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (S.B.); (R.W.-G.); (C.K.); (K.Z.)
| | - Kerstin Zühlke
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (S.B.); (R.W.-G.); (C.K.); (K.Z.)
| | - Jenny Eichhorst
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (C.S.); (A.O.); (J.E.); (M.L.); (J.P.v.K.)
| | - Martin Lehmann
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (C.S.); (A.O.); (J.E.); (M.L.); (J.P.v.K.)
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (A.K.); (B.-T.B.); (S.K.)
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- DKTK (German Translational Research Network), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - John Weston
- JQuest Consulting, Carl-Orff-Weg 25, 65779 Kelkheim, Germany;
| | - Jens Peter von Kries
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (C.S.); (A.O.); (J.E.); (M.L.); (J.P.v.K.)
| | - Roderich D. Süssmuth
- Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany; (T.B.); (R.D.S.)
| | - Enno Klussmann
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (S.B.); (R.W.-G.); (C.K.); (K.Z.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-9406-2596
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7
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Alkhateeb KJ, Crane JE, Sak M, Jorgensen CJ, O'Donnell JP, Zumbar CT, Wozniak JA, Salazar CR, Parwani AV, Lehman NL. Aurora-A kinase is differentially expressed in the nucleus and cytoplasm in normal Müllerian epithelium and benign, borderline and malignant serous ovarian neoplasms. Diagn Pathol 2021; 16:98. [PMID: 34706741 PMCID: PMC8549328 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-021-01158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aurora-A kinase is important for cellular proliferation and is implicated in the tumorigenesis of several malignancies, including of the ovary. Information regarding the expression patterns of Aurora-A in normal Müllerian epithelium as well as benign, borderline and malignant epithelial ovarian neoplasms is limited. Methods We investigated Aurora-A expression by immunohistochemistry in 15 benign, 19 borderline and 17 malignant ovarian serous tumors, and 16 benign, 8 borderline, and 2 malignant ovarian mucinous tumors. Twelve fimbriae from seven patients served as normal Müllerian epithelium controls. We also examined Aurora-A protein expression by western blot in normal fimbriae and tumor specimens. Results All normal fimbriae (n = 12) showed nuclear but not cytoplasmic Aurora-A immunoreactivity by immunohistochemistry. Benign ovarian tumors also showed strong nuclear Aurora-A immunoreactivity. Forty-eight percent (13/27) of borderline tumors demonstrated nuclear Aurora-A immunoreactivity, while the remainder (52%, 14/27) lacked Aurora-A staining. Nuclear Aurora-A immunoreactivity was absent in all malignant serous tumors, however, 47% (8/17) demonstrated perinuclear cytoplasmic staining. These results were statistically significant when tumor class (benign/borderline/malignant) was compared to immunoreactivity localization or intensity (Fisher Exact Test, p < 0.01). Western blot analysis confirmed the greater nuclear Aurora-A expression in control Müllerian epithelium compared to borderline and malignant tumors. Conclusion Aurora-A kinase is differentially expressed across normal Müllerian epithelium, benign and borderline serous and mucinous ovarian epithelial neoplasms and malignant serous ovarian tumors., with nuclear expression of unphosphorylated Aurora-A being present in normal and benign neoplastic epithelium, and lost in malignant serous neoplasms. Further studies of the possible biological and clinical implications of the loss of nuclear Aurora-A expression in ovarian tumors, and its role in ovarian carcinogenesis are warranted. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13000-021-01158-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled J Alkhateeb
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Jason E Crane
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital Detroit, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Müge Sak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Caitlin J Jorgensen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital Detroit, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - James P O'Donnell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital Detroit, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Cory T Zumbar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Jason A Wozniak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital Detroit, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Clarence R Salazar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital Detroit, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Anil V Parwani
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Norman L Lehman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA. .,The Brown Cancer Center, The University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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8
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Ramkumar N, Patel JV, Anstatt J, Baum B. Aurora B-dependent polarization of the cortical actomyosin network during mitotic exit. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e52387. [PMID: 34431205 PMCID: PMC8490981 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The isotropic metaphase actin cortex progressively polarizes as the anaphase spindle elongates during mitotic exit. This involves the loss of actomyosin cortex from opposing cell poles and the accumulation of an actomyosin belt at the cell centre. Although these spatially distinct cortical remodelling events are coordinated in time, here we show that they are independent of each other. Thus, actomyosin is lost from opposing poles in anaphase cells that lack an actomyosin ring owing to centralspindlin depletion. In examining potential regulators of this process, we identify a role for Aurora B kinase in actin clearance at cell poles. Upon combining Aurora B inhibition with centralspindlin depletion, cells exiting mitosis fail to change shape and remain completely spherical. Additionally, we demonstrate a requirement for Aurora B in the clearance of cortical actin close to anaphase chromatin in cells exiting mitosis with a bipolar spindle and in monopolar cells forced to divide while flat. Altogether, these data suggest a novel role for Aurora B activity in facilitating DNA-mediated polar relaxation at anaphase, polarization of the actomyosin cortex, and cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitya Ramkumar
- MRC LMCBUCLLondonUK
- Present address:
Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA
| | | | | | - Buzz Baum
- MRC LMCBUCLLondonUK
- Present address:
MRC‐LMBCambridgeUK
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9
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Li M, Lu D, Cheng Y, Wu C, Zhang J, Shi W, Ding Z, Li Y, Cheng B, Lin X, Shao X, Li H, Fang L, Liu K, Su W. A novel pyrrole-imidazole polyamide targets Aurora kinase A and suppresses tumor growth in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 571:167-173. [PMID: 34330060 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Aurora kinase A (Aurora A) plays a critical role in regulating cell mitotic progression and has been considered as a promising drug target for cancer therapy. To develop a novel molecule targeting Aurora A with high selectivity and efficacy, we designed and synthesized a pyrrole-imidazole polyamide (PIP) Hoechst conjugate, PIP-Ht, targeting to a cell-cycle regulated DNA sequence locating at the promoter of human Aurora A gene (AURKA). PIP-Ht potently suppressed AURKA promoter activities, mRNA expression and protein level, induced tumor cell cycle delay and inhibited tumor cell proliferation in vitro. Furthermore, subcutaneous injection of PIP-Ht into mice bearing human cancer xenografts induced significant tumor growth suppression and cell apoptosis. Collectively, PIP-Ht exhibits the potential as an effective therapeutic candidate for the tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqing Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Danyi Lu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yulian Cheng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunlei Wu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jianchao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wenli Shi
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Zhihao Ding
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Binghua Cheng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xian Lin
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ximing Shao
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hongchang Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lijing Fang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Ke Liu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Wu Su
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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10
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Ah-Cann C, Wimmer VC, Weeden CE, Marceaux C, Law CW, Galvis L, Filby CE, Liu J, Breslin K, Willson T, Ritchie ME, Blewitt ME, Asselin-Labat ML. A functional genetic screen identifies aurora kinase b as an essential regulator of Sox9-positive mouse embryonic lung progenitor cells. Development 2021; 148:269134. [PMID: 34121118 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Development of a branching tree in the embryonic lung is crucial for the formation of a fully mature functional lung at birth. Sox9+ cells present at the tip of the primary embryonic lung endoderm are multipotent cells responsible for branch formation and elongation. We performed a genetic screen in murine primary cells and identified aurora kinase b (Aurkb) as an essential regulator of Sox9+ cells ex vivo. In vivo conditional knockout studies confirmed that Aurkb was required for lung development but was not necessary for postnatal growth and the repair of the adult lung after injury. Deletion of Aurkb in embryonic Sox9+ cells led to the formation of a stunted lung that retained the expression of Sox2 in the proximal airways, as well as Sox9 in the distal tips. Although we found no change in cell polarity, we showed that loss of Aurkb or chemical inhibition of Aurkb caused Sox9+ cells to arrest at G2/M, likely responsible for the lack of branch bifurcation. This work demonstrates the power of genetic screens in identifying novel regulators of Sox9+ progenitor cells and lung branching morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey Ah-Cann
- Personalised Oncology Divison, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia.,Epigenetics and Development Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Verena C Wimmer
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia.,Advanced Technology and Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Clare E Weeden
- Personalised Oncology Divison, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Claire Marceaux
- Personalised Oncology Divison, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Charity W Law
- Epigenetics and Development Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Laura Galvis
- Personalised Oncology Divison, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Caitlin E Filby
- Personalised Oncology Divison, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Joy Liu
- Epigenetics and Development Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Kelsey Breslin
- Epigenetics and Development Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Tracy Willson
- Epigenetics and Development Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Matthew E Ritchie
- Epigenetics and Development Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Marnie E Blewitt
- Epigenetics and Development Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Marie-Liesse Asselin-Labat
- Personalised Oncology Divison, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
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11
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Chan KK, Abdul-Sater Z, Sheth A, Mitchell DK, Sharma R, Edwards DM, He Y, Nalepa G, Rhodes SD, Clapp DW, Sierra Potchanant EA. SIK2 kinase synthetic lethality is driven by spindle assembly defects in FANCA-deficient cells. Mol Oncol 2021; 16:860-884. [PMID: 34058059 PMCID: PMC8847993 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway safeguards genomic stability through cell cycle regulation and DNA damage repair. The canonical tumor suppressive role of FA proteins in the repair of DNA damage during interphase is well established, but their function in mitosis is incompletely understood. Here, we performed a kinome-wide synthetic lethality screen in FANCA-/- fibroblasts, which revealed multiple mitotic kinases as necessary for survival of FANCA-deficient cells. Among these kinases, we identified the depletion of the centrosome kinase SIK2 as synthetic lethal upon loss of FANCA. We found that FANCA colocalizes with SIK2 at multiple mitotic structures and regulates the activity of SIK2 at centrosomes. Furthermore, we found that loss of FANCA exacerbates cell cycle defects induced by pharmacological inhibition of SIK2, including impaired G2-M transition, delayed mitotic progression, and cytokinesis failure. In addition, we showed that inhibition of SIK2 abrogates nocodazole-induced prometaphase arrest, suggesting a novel role for SIK2 in the spindle assembly checkpoint. Together, these findings demonstrate that FANCA-deficient cells are dependent upon SIK2 for survival, supporting a preclinical rationale for targeting of SIK2 in FA-disrupted cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Kui Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Zahi Abdul-Sater
- Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Aditya Sheth
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Dana K Mitchell
- Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Richa Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Donna M Edwards
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ying He
- Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Grzegorz Nalepa
- Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Steven D Rhodes
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - D Wade Clapp
- Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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12
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Aurora Kinase B Inhibition: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071981. [PMID: 33915740 PMCID: PMC8037052 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurora kinase B (AURKB) is a mitotic serine/threonine protein kinase that belongs to the aurora kinase family along with aurora kinase A (AURKA) and aurora kinase C (AURKC). AURKB is a member of the chromosomal passenger protein complex and plays a role in cell cycle progression. Deregulation of AURKB is observed in several tumors and its overexpression is frequently linked to tumor cell invasion, metastasis and drug resistance. AURKB has emerged as an attractive drug target leading to the development of small molecule inhibitors. This review summarizes recent findings pertaining to the role of AURKB in tumor development, therapy related drug resistance, and its inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer. We discuss AURKB inhibitors that are in preclinical and clinical development and combination studies of AURKB inhibition with other therapeutic strategies.
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13
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Galetta D, Cortes-Dericks L. Promising Therapy in Lung Cancer: Spotlight on Aurora Kinases. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113371. [PMID: 33202573 PMCID: PMC7697457 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Lung cancer has remained one of the major causes of death worldwide. Thus, a more effective treatment approach is essential, such as the inhibition of specific cancer-promoting molecules. Aurora kinases regulate the process of mitosis—a process of cell division that is necessary for normal cell proliferation. Dysfunction of these kinases can contribute to cancer formation. In this review, we present studies indicating the implication of Aurora kinases in tumor formation, drug resistance, and disease prognosis. The effectivity of using Aurora kinase inhibitors in the pre-clinical and clinical investigations has proven their therapeutic potential in the setting of lung cancer. This work may provide further information to broaden the development of anticancer drugs and, thus, improve the conventional lung cancer management. Abstract Despite tremendous efforts to improve the treatment of lung cancer, prognosis still remains poor; hence, the search for efficacious therapeutic option remains a prime concern in lung cancer research. Cell cycle regulation including mitosis has emerged as an important target for cancer management. Novel pharmacological agents blocking the activities of regulatory molecules that control the functional aspects of mitosis such as Aurora kinases are now being investigated. The Aurora kinases, Aurora-A (AURKA), and Aurora B (AURKB) are overexpressed in many tumor entities such as lung cancer that correlate with poor survival, whereby their inhibition, in most cases, enhances the efficacy of chemo-and radiotherapies, indicating their implication in cancer therapy. The current knowledge on Aurora kinase inhibitors has increasingly shown high potential in ensuing targeted therapies in lung malignancies. In this review, we will briefly describe the biology of Aurora kinases, highlight their oncogenic roles in the pre-clinical and clinical studies in lung cancer and, finally, address the challenges and potentials of Aurora kinases to improve the therapy of this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Galetta
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence:
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14
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Xin G, Fu J, Luo J, Deng Z, Jiang Q, Zhang C. Aurora B regulates PP1γ-Repo-Man interactions to maintain the chromosome condensation state. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:14780-14788. [PMID: 32938714 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ac120.012772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitotic kinase Aurora B regulates the condensation of chromatin into chromosomes by phosphorylating chromatin proteins during early mitosis, whereas the phosphatase PP1γ performs the opposite function. The roles of Aurora B and PP1γ must be tightly coordinated to maintain chromosomes at a high phosphorylation state, but the precise mechanisms regulating their function remain largely unclear. Here, mainly through immunofluorescence microscopy and co-immunoprecipitation assays, we find that dissociation of PP1γ from chromosomes is essential for maintaining chromosome phosphorylation. We uncover that PP1γ is recruited to mitotic chromosomes by its regulatory subunit Repo-Man in the absence of Aurora B activity and that Aurora B regulates dissociation of PP1γ by phosphorylating and disrupting PP1γ-Repo-Man interactions on chromatin. Overexpression of Repo-Man mutants that cannot be phosphorylated or inhibition of Aurora B kinase activity resulted in the retention of PP1γ on chromatin and prolonged the chromatin condensation process; a similar outcome was caused by the ectopic targeting of PP1γ to chromatin. Together, our findings reveal a novel regulation mechanism of chromatin condensation in which Aurora B counteracts PP1γ activity by releasing PP1γ from Repo-Man and may have important implications for understanding the regulations of dynamic structural changes of the chromosomes in mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Xin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyan Fu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoxuan Deng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanmao Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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15
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Aurora kinases and DNA damage response. Mutat Res 2020; 821:111716. [PMID: 32738522 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2020.111716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that Aurora kinases perform critical functions during mitosis. It has become increasingly clear that the Aurora kinases also perform a myriad of non-mitotic functions including DNA damage response. The available evidence indicates that inhibition Aurora kinase A (AURKA) may contribute to the G2 DNA damage checkpoint through AURKA's functions in PLK1 and CDC25B activation. Both AURKA and Aurora kinase B (AURKB) are also essential in mitotic DNA damage response that guard against DNA damage-induced chromosome segregation errors, including the control of abscission checkpoint and prevention of micronuclei formation. Dysregulation of Aurora kinases can trigger DNA damage in mitosis that is sensed in the subsequent G1 by a p53-dependent postmitotic checkpoint. Aurora kinases are themselves linked to the G1 DNA damage checkpoint through p53 and p73 pathways. Finally, several lines of evidence provide a connection between Aurora kinases and DNA repair and apoptotic pathways. Although more studies are required to provide a comprehensive picture of how cells respond to DNA damage, these findings indicate that both AURKA and AURKB are inextricably linked to pathways guarding against DNA damage. They also provide a rationale to support more detailed studies on the synergism between small-molecule inhibitors against Aurora kinases and DNA-damaging agents in cancer therapies.
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16
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Jang J, Engleka KA, Liu F, Li L, Song G, Epstein JA, Li D. An Engineered Mouse to Identify Proliferating Cells and Their Derivatives. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:388. [PMID: 32523954 PMCID: PMC7261916 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell proliferation is a fundamental event during development, disease, and regeneration. Effectively tracking and quantifying proliferating cells and their derivatives is critical for addressing many research questions. Cell cycle expression such as for Ki67, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), or aurora kinase B (Aurkb), or measurement of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) or 3H-thymidine incorporation have been widely used to assess and quantify cell proliferation. These are powerful tools for detecting actively proliferating cells, but they do not identify cell populations derived from proliferating progenitors over time. AIMS We developed a new mouse tool for lineage tracing of proliferating cells by targeting the Aurkb allele. RESULTS In quiescent cells or cells arrested at G1/S, little or no Aurkb mRNA is detectable. In cycling cells, Aurkb transcripts are detectable at G2 and become undetectable by telophase. These findings suggest that Aurkb transcription is restricted to proliferating cells and is tightly coupled to cell proliferation. Accordingly, we generated an Aurkb ER Cre/+ mouse by targeting a tamoxifen inducible Cre cassette into the start codon of Aurkb. We find that the Aurkb ER Cre/+ mouse faithfully labels proliferating cells in developing embryos and regenerative adult tissues such as intestine but does not label quiescent cells such as post-mitotic neurons. CONCLUSION The Aurkb ER Cre/+ mouse faithfully labels proliferating cells and their derivatives in developing embryos and regenerative adult tissues. This new mouse tool provides a novel genetic tracing capability for studying tissue proliferation and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Jang
- Department of Surgery, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kurt A. Engleka
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Feiyan Liu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Li Li
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Guang Song
- Department of Surgery, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jonathan A. Epstein
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Deqiang Li
- Department of Surgery, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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17
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Zhu Q, Ding L, Zi Z, Gao S, Wang C, Wang Y, Zhu C, Yuan Z, Wei F, Cai Q. Viral-Mediated AURKB Cleavage Promotes Cell Segregation and Tumorigenesis. Cell Rep 2020; 26:3657-3671.e5. [PMID: 30917319 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurora kinase B (AURKB), a central regulator of chromosome segregation and cytokinesis, is aberrantly expressed in various cancer cells. However, the relationship of AURKB and oncogenic viruses in cancer progression remains unclear. Here, we reveal that N-cleaved isoforms of AURKB exist in several oncovirus-associated tumor cells and patient cancer tissues, including Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and human papillomavirus virus (HPV). Mechanistically, in KSHV-infected tumor cells, the latent viral antigen LANA cleaves AURKB at Asp76 in a serine protease-dependent manner. The N'-AURKB relocalizes to the spindle pole and promotes the metaphase-to-telophase transition in mitotic cells. Introduction of N'-AURKB but not C'-AURKB promotes colony formation and malignant growth of tumor cells in vitro and in vivo using a murine xenograft model. Altogether, our findings uncover a proteolytic cleavage mechanism by which oncoviruses induce cancer cell segregation and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhu
- MOE and MOH Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ling Ding
- MOE and MOH Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhenguo Zi
- ShengYushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shujun Gao
- Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chong Wang
- MOE and MOH Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuyan Wang
- MOE and MOH Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Caixia Zhu
- MOE and MOH Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhenghong Yuan
- MOE and MOH Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fang Wei
- ShengYushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qiliang Cai
- MOE and MOH Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Expert Workstation, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji, 721008 Shaanxi Province, China.
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18
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Zhao Q, Coughlan KA, Zou MH, Song P. Loss of AMPKalpha1 Triggers Centrosome Amplification via PLK4 Upregulation in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082772. [PMID: 32316320 PMCID: PMC7216113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a highly conserved sensor and modulator of cellular energy and redox, regulates cell mitosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms for AMPKα subunit regulation of chromosome segregation remain poorly understood. This study aimed to ascertain if AMPKα1 deletion contributes to chromosome missegregation by elevating Polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) expression. Centrosome proteins and aneuploidy were monitored in cultured mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) isolated from wild type (WT, C57BL/6J) or AMPKα1 homozygous deficient (AMPKα1−/−) mice by Western blotting and metaphase chromosome spread. Deletion of AMPKα1, the predominant AMPKα isoform in immortalized MEFs, led to centrosome amplification and chromosome missegregation, as well as the consequent aneuploidy (34–66%) and micronucleus. Furthermore, AMPKα1 null cells exhibited a significant induction of PLK4. Knockdown of nuclear factor kappa B2/p52 ameliorated the PLK4 elevation in AMPKα1-deleted MEFs. Finally, PLK4 inhibition by Centrinone reversed centrosome amplification of AMPKα1-deleted MEFs. Taken together, our results suggest that AMPKα1 plays a fundamental role in the maintenance of chromosomal integrity through the control of p52-mediated transcription of PLK4, a trigger of centriole biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhao
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (Q.Z.); (M.-H.Z.)
| | | | - Ming-Hui Zou
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (Q.Z.); (M.-H.Z.)
| | - Ping Song
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (Q.Z.); (M.-H.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-404-413-6636
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19
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Jeong GU, Ahn BY. Aurora kinase A promotes hepatitis B virus replication and expression. Antiviral Res 2019; 170:104572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.104572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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20
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Li J, Ha S, Li Z, Huang Y, Lin E, Xiao W. Aurora B prevents aneuploidy via MAD2 during the first mitotic cleavage in oxidatively damaged embryos. Cell Prolif 2019; 52:e12657. [PMID: 31264311 PMCID: PMC6797512 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A high rate of chromosome aneuploidy is exhibited in in vitro fertilization (IVF)-derived embryos. Our previous experiments suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) can activate Mad2, a key protein in the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), and delay the first mitotic, providing time to prevent the formation of embryonic aneuploidy. We aimed to determine whether mitotic kinase Aurora B was involved in the SAC function to prevent aneuploidy in IVF-derived embryos. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analysed aneuploidy formation and repair during embryo pre-implantation via 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining and karyotype analysis. We assessed Aurora B activation by immunofluorescence and investigated the effect of Aurora B inhibition on embryo injury-related variables, such as embryonic development, ROS levels, mitochondrial membrane potential and γH2AX-positive expression. RESULTS We observed the expression and phosphorylation of Thr232 in Aurora B in oxidative stress-induced zygotes. Moreover, inhibition of Aurora B caused chromosome mis-segregation, abnormal spindle structures, abnormal chromosome number and reduced expression of Mad2 in IVF embryos. Our results suggest that Aurora B causes mitotic arrest and participates in SAC via Mad2 and H3S10P, which is required for self-correction of aneuploidies. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate here that oxidative stress-induced DNA damage triggers Aurora B-mediated activation of SAC, which prevents aneuploidy at the first mitotic cleavage in early mouse IVF embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiena Li
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou UniversityShantouChina
| | - Siyao Ha
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics & GynecologyFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Zhiling Li
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou UniversityShantouChina
| | - Yue Huang
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou UniversityShantouChina
| | - En Lin
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou UniversityShantouChina
| | - Wanfen Xiao
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou UniversityShantouChina
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Verma V, Mogilner A, Maresca TJ. Classical and Emerging Regulatory Mechanisms of Cytokinesis in Animal Cells. BIOLOGY 2019; 8:biology8030055. [PMID: 31357447 PMCID: PMC6784142 DOI: 10.3390/biology8030055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The primary goal of cytokinesis is to produce two daughter cells, each having a full set of chromosomes. To achieve this, cells assemble a dynamic structure between segregated sister chromatids called the contractile ring, which is made up of filamentous actin, myosin-II, and other regulatory proteins. Constriction of the actomyosin ring generates a cleavage furrow that divides the cytoplasm to produce two daughter cells. Decades of research have identified key regulators and underlying molecular mechanisms; however, many fundamental questions remain unanswered and are still being actively investigated. This review summarizes the key findings, computational modeling, and recent advances in understanding of the molecular mechanisms that control the formation of the cleavage furrow and cytokinesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikash Verma
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Alex Mogilner
- Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA
| | - Thomas J Maresca
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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22
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Boruc J, Deng X, Mylle E, Besbrugge N, Van Durme M, Demidov D, Tomaštíková ED, Tan TRC, Vandorpe M, Eeckhout D, Beeckman T, Nowack MK, De Jaeger G, Lin H, Liu B, Van Damme D. TPX2-LIKE PROTEIN3 Is the Primary Activator of α-Aurora Kinases and Is Essential for Embryogenesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 180:1389-1405. [PMID: 31097675 PMCID: PMC6752915 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.01515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Aurora kinases are key regulators of mitosis. Multicellular eukaryotes generally possess two functionally diverged types of Aurora kinases. In plants, including Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), these are termed α- and β-Auroras. As the functional specification of Aurora kinases is determined by their specific interaction partners, we initiated interactomics analyses using both Arabidopsis α-Aurora kinases (AUR1 and AUR2). Proteomics results revealed that TPX2-LIKE PROTEINS2 and 3 (TPXL2/3) prominently associated with α-Auroras, as did the conserved TPX2 to a lower degree. Like TPX2, TPXL2 and TPXL3 strongly activated the AUR1 kinase but exhibited cell-cycle-dependent localization differences on microtubule arrays. The separate functions of TPX2 and TPXL2/3 were also suggested by their different influences on AUR1 localization upon ectopic expressions. Furthermore, genetic analyses showed that TPXL3, but not TPX2 and TPXL2, acts nonredundantly to enable proper embryo development. In contrast to vertebrates, plants have an expanded TPX2 family and these family members have both redundant and unique functions. Moreover, as neither TPXL2 nor TPXL3 contains the C-terminal Kinesin-5 binding domain present in the canonical TPX2, the targeting and activity of this kinesin must be organized differently in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Boruc
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xingguang Deng
- Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Evelien Mylle
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nienke Besbrugge
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Durme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dmitri Demidov
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany
| | - Eva Dvořák Tomaštíková
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Šlechtitelů 31, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tong-Reen Connie Tan
- Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Michaël Vandorpe
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique Eeckhout
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Beeckman
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Moritz K. Nowack
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert De Jaeger
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Honghui Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Daniël Van Damme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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Cheng Z, Liu F, Tian H, Xu Z, Chai X, Luo D, Wang Y. Impairing the maintenance of germinative cells in Echinococcus multilocularis by targeting Aurora kinase. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007425. [PMID: 31095613 PMCID: PMC6541280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The tumor-like growth of the metacestode larvae of the tapeworm E. multilocularis causes human alveolar echinococcosis, a severe disease mainly affecting the liver. The germinative cells, a population of adult stem cells, are crucial for the larval growth and development of the parasite within the hosts. Maintenance of the germinative cell pools relies on their abilities of extensive proliferation and self-renewal, which requires accurate control of the cell division cycle. Targeting regulators of the cell division progression may impair germinative cell populations, leading to impeded parasite growth. Methodology/Principal findings In this study, we describe the characterization of EmAURKA and EmAURKB, which display significant similarity to the members of Aurora kinases that are essential mitotic kinases and play key roles in cell division. Our data suggest that EmAURKA and EmAURKB are actively expressed in the germinative cells of E. multilocularis. Treatment with low concentrations of MLN8237, a dual inhibitor of Aurora A and B, resulted in chromosomal defects in the germinative cells during mitosis, while higher concentrations of MLN8237 caused a failure in cytokinesis of the germinative cells, leading to multinucleated cells. Inhibition of the activities of Aurora kinases eventually resulted in depletion of the germinative cell populations in E. multilocularis, which in turn caused larval growth inhibition of the parasite. Conclusions/Significance Our data demonstrate the vital roles of Aurora kinases in the regulation of mitotic progression and maintenance of the germinative cells in E. multilocularis, and suggest Aurora kinases as promising druggable targets for the development of novel chemotherapeutics against human alveolar echinococcosis. Alveolar echinococcosis (AE), caused by infection with the metacestode larvae of the tapeworm E. multilocularis, is a lethal disease in humans. A population of adult stem cells, called germinative cells, drive the cancer-like growth of the parasite within their host and are considered responsible for disease recurrence after therapy termination. Nevertheless, benzimidazoles, the current drugs of choice against AE, show limited effects on killing these cells. Here, we describe EmAURKA and EmAURKB, two Aurora kinase members that play essential roles in regulating E. multilocularis germinative cell mitosis, as promising drug targets for eliminating the population of germinative cells. We show that targeting E. multilocularis Aurora kinases by small molecular inhibitor MLN8237 causes severe mitotic defects and eventually impairs the viability of germinative cells, leading to larval growth inhibition of the parasite in vitro. Our study suggests that targeting mitosis by MLN8237 or related compounds offers possibilities for germinative cell killing and we hope this will help in exploring novel therapeutic strategies against the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Huimin Tian
- Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhijian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoli Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Damin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yanhai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- * E-mail:
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24
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Magnaghi-Jaulin L, Eot-Houllier G, Gallaud E, Giet R. Aurora A Protein Kinase: To the Centrosome and Beyond. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9010028. [PMID: 30650622 PMCID: PMC6359016 DOI: 10.3390/biom9010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate chromosome segregation requires the perfect spatiotemporal rearrangement of the cellular cytoskeleton. Isolated more than two decades ago from Drosophila, Aurora A is a widespread protein kinase that plays key roles during cell division. Numerous studies have described the localisation of Aurora A at centrosomes, the mitotic spindle, and, more recently, at mitotic centromeres. In this review, we will summarise the cytoskeletal rearrangements regulated by Aurora A during cell division. We will also discuss the recent discoveries showing that Aurora A also controls not only the dynamics of the cortical proteins but also regulates the centromeric proteins, revealing new roles for this kinase during cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Magnaghi-Jaulin
- University of Rennes, CNRS UMR 6290, IGDR-Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Grégory Eot-Houllier
- University of Rennes, CNRS UMR 6290, IGDR-Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Emmanuel Gallaud
- University of Rennes, CNRS UMR 6290, IGDR-Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Régis Giet
- University of Rennes, CNRS UMR 6290, IGDR-Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France.
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25
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Willems E, Dedobbeleer M, Digregorio M, Lombard A, Lumapat PN, Rogister B. The functional diversity of Aurora kinases: a comprehensive review. Cell Div 2018; 13:7. [PMID: 30250494 PMCID: PMC6146527 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-018-0040-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aurora kinases are serine/threonine kinases essential for the onset and progression of mitosis. Aurora members share a similar protein structure and kinase activity, but exhibit distinct cellular and subcellular localization. AurA favors the G2/M transition by promoting centrosome maturation and mitotic spindle assembly. AurB and AurC are chromosome-passenger complex proteins, crucial for chromosome binding to kinetochores and segregation of chromosomes. Cellular distribution of AurB is ubiquitous, while AurC expression is mainly restricted to meiotically-active germ cells. In human tumors, all Aurora kinase members play oncogenic roles related to their mitotic activity and promote cancer cell survival and proliferation. Furthermore, AurA plays tumor-promoting roles unrelated to mitosis, including tumor stemness, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and invasion. In this review, we aim to understand the functional interplay of Aurora kinases in various types of human cells, including tumor cells. The understanding of the functional diversity of Aurora kinases could help to evaluate their relevance as potential therapeutic targets in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Willems
- 1Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Matthias Dedobbeleer
- 1Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Marina Digregorio
- 1Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Lombard
- 1Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium.,2Department of Neurosurgery, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Paul Noel Lumapat
- 1Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium.,3Department of Neurology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bernard Rogister
- 1Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium.,3Department of Neurology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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26
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Abstract
Mitosis is controlled by reversible protein phosphorylation involving specific kinases and phosphatases. A handful of major mitotic protein kinases, such as the cyclin B-CDK1 complex, the Aurora kinases, and Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), cooperatively regulate distinct mitotic processes. Research has identified proteins and mechanisms that integrate these kinases into signaling cascades that guide essential mitotic events. These findings have important implications for our understanding of the mechanisms of mitotic regulation and may advance the development of novel antimitotic drugs. We review collected evidence that in vertebrates, the Aurora kinases serve as catalytic subunits of distinct complexes formed with the four scaffold proteins Bora, CEP192, INCENP, and TPX2, which we deem "core" Aurora cofactors. These complexes and the Aurora-PLK1 cascades organized by Bora, CEP192, and INCENP control crucial aspects of mitosis and all pathways of spindle assembly. We compare the mechanisms of Aurora activation in relation to the different spindle assembly pathways and draw a functional analogy between the CEP192 complex and the chromosomal passenger complex that may reflect the coevolution of centrosomes, kinetochores, and the actomyosin cleavage apparatus. We also analyze the roles and mechanisms of Aurora-PLK1 signaling in the cell and centrosome cycles and in the DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Joukov
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russian Federation.
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27
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Willems E, Dedobbeleer M, Digregorio M, Lombard A, Goffart N, Lumapat PN, Lambert J, Van den Ackerveken P, Szpakowska M, Chevigné A, Scholtes F, Rogister B. Aurora A plays a dual role in migration and survival of human glioblastoma cells according to the CXCL12 concentration. Oncogene 2018; 38:73-87. [PMID: 30082913 PMCID: PMC6755987 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0437-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Primary glioblastoma is the most frequent human brain tumor in adults and is generally fatal due to tumor recurrence. We previously demonstrated that glioblastoma-initiating cells invade the subventricular zones and promote their radio-resistance in response to the local release of the CXCL12 chemokine. In this work, we show that the mitotic Aurora A kinase (AurA) is activated through the CXCL12–CXCR4 pathway in an ERK1/2-dependent manner. Moreover, the CXCL12–ERK1/2 signaling induces the expression of Ajuba, the main cofactor of AurA, which allows the auto-phosphorylation of AurA. We show that AurA contributes to glioblastoma cell survival, radio-resistance, self-renewal, and proliferation regardless of the exogenous stimulation with CXCL12. On the other hand, AurA triggers the CXCL12-mediated migration of glioblastoma cells in vitro as well as the invasion of the subventricular zone in xenograft experiments. Moreover, AurA regulates cytoskeletal proteins (i.e., Actin and Vimentin) and favors the pro-migratory activity of the Rho-GTPase CDC42 in response to CXCL12. Altogether, these results show that AurA, a well-known kinase of the mitotic machinery, may play alternative roles in human glioblastoma according to the CXCL12 concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Willems
- Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Matthias Dedobbeleer
- Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marina Digregorio
- Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Lombard
- Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Neurosurgery, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Goffart
- Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Paul Noel Lumapat
- Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jeremy Lambert
- Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Neurosurgery, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Martyna Szpakowska
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Immuno-Pharmacology and Interactomics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Andy Chevigné
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Immuno-Pharmacology and Interactomics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Felix Scholtes
- Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Neurosurgery, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bernard Rogister
- Laboratory of Nervous System Diseases and Therapy, GIGA-Neuroscience, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium. .,Department of Neurology, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
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Inchanalkar S, Deshpande NU, Kasherwal V, Jayakannan M, Balasubramanian N. Polymer Nanovesicle-Mediated Delivery of MLN8237 Preferentially Inhibits Aurora Kinase A To Target RalA and Anchorage-Independent Growth in Breast Cancer Cells. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:3046-3059. [PMID: 29863884 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The small GTPase RalA is a known mediator of anchorage-independent growth in cancers and is differentially regulated by adhesion and aurora kinase A (AURKA). Hence, inhibiting AURKA offers a means of specifically targeting RalA (over RalB) in cancer cells. MLN8237 (alisertib) is a known inhibitor of aurora kinases; its specificity for AURKA, however, is compromised by its poor solubility and transport across the cell membrane. A polymer nanovesicle platform is used for the first time to deliver and differentially inhibit AURKA in cancer cells. For this purpose, polysaccharide nanovesicles made from amphiphilic dextran were used as nanocarriers to successfully administer MLN8237 (VMLN) in cancer cells in 2D and 3D microenvironments. These nanovesicles (<200 nm) carry the drug in their intermembrane space with up to 85% of it released by the action of esterase enzyme(s). Lysotracker experiments reveal the polymer nanovesicles localize in the lysosomal compartment of the cell, where they are enzymatically targeted and MLN released in a controlled manner. Rhodamine B fluorophore trapped in the nanovesicles hydrophilic core (VMLN+RhB) allows us to visualize its uptake and localization in cells in a 2D and 3D microenvironment. In breast cancer, MCF-7 cells VMLN inhibits AURKA significantly better than the free drug at low concentrations (0.02-0.04 μM). This ensures that the drug in VMLN at these concentrations can specifically inhibit up to 94% of endogenous AURKA without affecting AURKB. This targeting of AURKA causes the downstream differential inhibition of active RalA (but not RalB). Free MLN8237 at similar concentrations and conditions failed to affect RalA activation. VMLN-mediated inhibition of RalA, in turn, disrupts the anchorage-independent growth of MCF-7 cells supporting a role for the AURKA-RalA crosstalk in mediating the same. These studies not only identify the polysaccharide nanovesicle to be an improved way to efficiently deliver low concentrations of MLN8237 to inhibit AURKA but, in doing so, also help reveal a role for AURKA and its crosstalk with RalA in anchorage-independent growth of MCF-7 cells.
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29
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DeLuca JG. Aurora A Kinase Function at Kinetochores. COLD SPRING HARBOR SYMPOSIA ON QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY 2018; 82:91-99. [PMID: 29700233 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.2017.82.034991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
One of the most important regulatory aspects of chromosome segregation is the ability of kinetochores to precisely control their attachment strength to spindle microtubules. Central to this regulation is Aurora B, a mitotic kinase that phosphorylates kinetochore substrates to promote microtubule turnover. A critical target of Aurora B is the kinetochore protein Ndc80/Hec1, which is a component of the NDC80 complex, the primary force-transducing link between kinetochores and microtubules. Although Aurora B is regarded as the "master regulator" of kinetochore-microtubule attachment, it is becoming clear that this kinase is not solely responsible for phosphorylating Hec1 and other kinetochore substrates to facilitate microtubule turnover. In particular, there is growing evidence that Aurora A kinase, whose activities at spindle poles have been extensively described, has additional roles at kinetochores in regulating the kinetochore-microtubule interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer G DeLuca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1870
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30
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DeLuca KF, Meppelink A, Broad AJ, Mick JE, Peersen OB, Pektas S, Lens SMA, DeLuca JG. Aurora A kinase phosphorylates Hec1 to regulate metaphase kinetochore-microtubule dynamics. J Cell Biol 2017; 217:163-177. [PMID: 29187526 PMCID: PMC5748988 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201707160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise regulation of kinetochore-microtubule attachments is essential for successful chromosome segregation. Central to this regulation is Aurora B kinase, which phosphorylates kinetochore substrates to promote microtubule turnover. A critical target of Aurora B is the N-terminal "tail" domain of Hec1, which is a component of the NDC80 complex, a force-transducing link between kinetochores and microtubules. Although Aurora B is regarded as the "master regulator" of kinetochore-microtubule attachment, other mitotic kinases likely contribute to Hec1 phosphorylation. In this study, we demonstrate that Aurora A kinase regulates kinetochore-microtubule dynamics of metaphase chromosomes, and we identify Hec1 S69, a previously uncharacterized phosphorylation target site in the Hec1 tail, as a critical Aurora A substrate for this regulation. Additionally, we demonstrate that Aurora A kinase associates with inner centromere protein (INCENP) during mitosis and that INCENP is competent to drive accumulation of the kinase to the centromere region of mitotic chromosomes. These findings reveal that both Aurora A and B contribute to kinetochore-microtubule attachment dynamics, and they uncover an unexpected role for Aurora A in late mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith F DeLuca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Amanda Meppelink
- Oncode Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Amanda J Broad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Jeanne E Mick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Olve B Peersen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Sibel Pektas
- Oncode Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Susanne M A Lens
- Oncode Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jennifer G DeLuca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
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Yu Z, Sun Y, She X, Wang Z, Chen S, Deng Z, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Liu Q, Zhao C, Li P, Liu C, Feng J, Fu H, Li G, Wu M. SIX3, a tumor suppressor, inhibits astrocytoma tumorigenesis by transcriptional repression of AURKA/B. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:115. [PMID: 28595628 PMCID: PMC5465582 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0483-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SIX homeobox 3 (SIX3) is a member of the sine oculis homeobox transcription factor family. It plays a vital role in the nervous system development. Our previous study showed that the SIX3 gene is hypermethylated, and its expression is decreased in astrocytoma, but the role of SIX3 remains unknown. METHODS Chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assay were used to confirm the binding of SIX3 to the promoter regions of aurora kinase A (AURKA) and aurora kinase B (AURKB). Confocal imaging and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) were used to detect the interaction between AURKA and AURKB. Flow cytometry was performed to assess the effect of SIX3 on cell cycle distribution. Colony formation, EdU incorporation, transwell, and intracranial xenograft assays were performed to demonstrate the effect of SIX3 on the malignant phenotype of astrocytoma cells. RESULTS SIX3 is identified as a novel negative transcriptional regulator of AURKA and AURKB, and it decreases the expression of AURKA and AURKB in a dose-dependent manner in astrocytoma cells. Importantly, interactions between AURKA and AURKB stabilize and protect AURKA/B from degradation, and overexpression of SIX3 does not affect these interactions; SIX3 also acts as a tumor suppressor, and it increases p53 activity and expression at the post-translational level by the negative regulation of AURKA or AURKB, reduces the events of numerical centrosomal aberrations and misaligned chromosomes, and significantly inhibits the proliferation, invasion, and tumorigenesis of astrocytoma in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, experiments using primary cultured astrocytoma cells indicate that astrocytoma patients with a low expression of SIX3 and mutant p53 are more sensitive to treatment with aurora kinase inhibitors. CONCLUSION SIX3 is a novel negative transcriptional regulator and acts as a tumor suppressor that directly represses the transcription of AURKA and AURKB in astrocytoma. For the first time, the functional interaction of AURKA and AURKB has been found, which aids in the protection of their stability, and partially explains their constant high expression and activity in cancers. SIX3 is a potential biomarker that could be used to predict the response of astrocytoma patients to aurora kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Yu
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Yingnan Sun
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling She
- The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Zeyou Wang
- The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiyong Deng
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Qing Liu
- The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Chunhua Zhao
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Peiyao Li
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Changhong Liu
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Jianbo Feng
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Haijuan Fu
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Minghua Wu
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
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Xu X, Huang S, Zhang B, Huang F, Chi W, Fu J, Wang G, Li S, Jiang Q, Zhang C. DNA replication licensing factor Cdc6 and Plk4 kinase antagonistically regulate centrosome duplication via Sas-6. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15164. [PMID: 28447620 PMCID: PMC5414174 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrosome number is tightly controlled during the cell cycle to ensure proper spindle assembly and cell division. However, the underlying mechanism that controls centrosome number remains largely unclear. We show herein that the DNA replication licensing factor Cdc6 is recruited to the proximal side of the centrioles via cyclin A to negatively regulate centrosome duplication by binding and inhibiting the cartwheel protein Sas-6 from forming a stable complex with another centriole duplication core protein, STIL. We further demonstrate that Cdc6 colocalizes with Plk4 at the centrosome, and interacts with Plk4 during S phase. Plk4 disrupts the interaction between Sas-6 and Cdc6, and suppresses the inhibitory role of Cdc6 on Sas-6 by phosphorylating Cdc6. Overexpressing wild-type Cdc6 or Plk4-unphosphorylatable Cdc6 mutant 2A reduces centrosome over-duplication caused by Plk4 overexpression or hydroxyurea treatment. Taken together, our data demonstrate that Cdc6 and Plk4 antagonistically control proper centrosome duplication during the cell cycle. Centrosome duplication is synchronized with cell cycle events but how this is regulated at a molecular level is unclear. Here, the authors show that the DNA replication licensing factor Cdc6 restrains centrosome duplication via binding and inhibiting Sas-6, and the inhibition of Cdc6 on Sas-6 is negatively regulated by Plk4 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Xu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shijiao Huang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Boyan Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fan Huang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wangfei Chi
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jingyan Fu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Gang Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Si Li
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chuanmao Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Aurora-A promotes the establishment of spindle assembly checkpoint by priming the Haspin-Aurora-B feedback loop in late G2 phase. Cell Discov 2017; 3:16049. [PMID: 28101375 PMCID: PMC5223110 DOI: 10.1038/celldisc.2016.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurora-A kinase functions mainly in centrosome maturation, separation and spindle formation. It has also been found to be amplified or overexpressed in a range of solid tumors, which is linked with tumor progression and poor prognosis. Importantly, Aurora-A inhibitors are being studied in a number of ongoing clinical trials. However, whether and how Aurora-A has a role in the regulation of the mitotic checkpoint is controversial. Additionally, the function of nuclear-accumulated Aurora-A in late G2 phase is not clear. Here we show that knockout, inhibition or blockade of the nuclear entry of Aurora-A severely decreased the centromere localization of Aurora-B and the phosphorylation of histone H3 threonine 3 (H3T3-ph) mediated by the kinase Haspin in late G2 phase. We further reveal that nuclear-accumulated Aurora-A phosphorylates Haspin at multiple sites at its N-terminus and that this promotes H3T3-ph and the rapid recruitment to the centromere of the chromosomal passenger complex. In addition, Aurora-A facilitates the association of Aurora-B with their common substrates: Haspin and Plk1. Notably, these functions of Aurora-A are mostly independent of Plk1. Thus we demonstrate that, in late G2 and prophase, Aurora-A phosphorylates Haspin to trigger the Haspin-H3T3-ph-Aurora-B positive feedback loop that supports the timely establishment of the chromosomal passenger complex and the mitotic checkpoint before spindle assembly.
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Ye AA, Torabi J, Maresca TJ. Aurora A Kinase Amplifies a Midzone Phosphorylation Gradient to Promote High-Fidelity Cytokinesis. THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2016; 231:61-72. [PMID: 27638695 PMCID: PMC5360107 DOI: 10.1086/689591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
During cytokinesis, aurora B kinase (ABK) relocalizes from centromeres to the spindle midzone, where it is thought to provide a spatial cue for cytokinesis. While global ABK inhibition in Drosophila S2 cells results in macro- and multi-nucleated large cells, mislocalization of midzone ABK (mABK) by depletion of Subito (Drosophila MKLP2) does not cause notable cytokinesis defects. Subito depletion was, therefore, used to investigate the contribution of other molecules and redundant pathways to cytokinesis in the absence of mABK. Inhibiting potential polar relaxation pathways via removal of centrosomes (CNN RNAi) or a kinetochore-based phosphatase gradient (Sds22 RNAi) did not result in cytokinesis defects on their own or in combination with loss of mABK. Disruption of aurora A kinase (AAK) activity resulted in midzone assembly defects, but did not significantly affect contractile ring positioning or cytokinesis. Live-cell imaging of a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based aurora kinase phosphorylation sensor revealed that midzone substrates were less phosphorylated in AAK-inhibited cells, despite the fact that midzone levels of active phosphorylated ABK (pABK) were normal. Interestingly, in the absence of mABK, an increased number of binucleated cells were observed following AAK inhibition. The data suggest that equatorial stimulation rather than polar relaxation mechanisms is the major determinant of contractile ring positioning and high-fidelity cytokinesis in Drosophila S2 cells. Furthermore, we propose that equatorial stimulation is mediated primarily by the delivery of factors to the cortex by noncentrosomal microtubules (MTs), as well as a midzone-derived phosphorylation gradient that is amplified by the concerted activities of mABK and a soluble pool of AAK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Ye
- Biology Department, and Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Group, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003
| | | | - Thomas J Maresca
- Biology Department, and Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Group, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003
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Leishmania donovani Aurora kinase: A promising therapeutic target against visceral leishmaniasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:1973-88. [PMID: 27288586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aurora kinases are key mitotic kinases executing multiple aspects of eukaryotic cell-division. The apicomplexan homologs being essential for survival, suggest that the Leishmania homolog, annotated LdAIRK, may be equally important. METHODS Bioinformatics, stage-specific immunofluorescence microscopy, immunoblotting, RT-PCR, molecular docking, in-vitro kinase assay, anti-leishmanial activity assays, flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS Ldairk expression is seen to vary as the cell-cycle progresses from G1 through S and finally G2M and cytokinesis. Kinetic studies demonstrate their enzymatic activity exhibiting a Km and Vmax of 6.12μM and 82.9pmoles·min(-1)mg(-1) respectively against ATP using recombinant Leishmania donovani H3, its physiological substrate. Due to the failure of LdAIRK-/+ knock-out parasites to survive, we adopted a chemical knock-down approach. Based on the conservation of key active site residues, three mammalian Aurora kinase inhibitors were investigated to evaluate their potential as inhibitors of LdAIRK activity. Interestingly, the cell-cycle progressed unhindered, despite treatment with GSK-1070916 or Barasertib, inhibitors with greater potencies for the ATP-binding pocket compared to Hesperadin, which at nanomolar concentrations, severely compromised viability at IC50s 105.9 and 36.4nM for promastigotes and amastigotes, respectively. Cell-cycle and morphological studies implicated their role in both mitosis and cytokinesis. CONCLUSION We identified an Aurora kinase homolog in L. donovani implicated in cell-cycle progression, whose inhibition led to aberrant changes in cell-cycle progression and reduced viability. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Human homologs being actively pursued drug targets and the observations with LdAIRK in both promastigotes and amastigotes suggest their potential as therapeutic-targets. Importantly, our results encourage the exploration of other proteins identified herein as potential novel drug targets.
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Lindon C, Grant R, Min M. Ubiquitin-Mediated Degradation of Aurora Kinases. Front Oncol 2016; 5:307. [PMID: 26835416 PMCID: PMC4716142 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Aurora kinases are essential regulators of mitosis in eukaryotes. In somatic cell divisions of higher eukaryotes, the paralogs Aurora kinase A (AurA) and Aurora kinase B (AurB) play non-overlapping roles that depend on their distinct spatiotemporal activities. These mitotic roles of Aurora kinases depend on their interactions with different partners that direct them to different mitotic destinations and different substrates: AurB is a component of the chromosome passenger complex that orchestrates the tasks of chromosome segregation and cytokinesis, while AurA has many known binding partners and mitotic roles, including a well-characterized interaction with TPX2 that mediates its role in mitotic spindle assembly. Beyond the spatial control conferred by different binding partners, Aurora kinases are subject to temporal control of their activation and inactivation. Ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis is a critical route to irreversible inactivation of these kinases, which must occur for ordered transition from mitosis back to interphase. Both AurA and AurB undergo targeted proteolysis after anaphase onset as substrates of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) ubiquitin ligase, even while they continue to regulate steps during mitotic exit. Temporal control of Aurora kinase destruction ensures that AurB remains active at the midbody during cytokinesis long after AurA activity has been largely eliminated from the cell. Differential destruction of Aurora kinases is achieved despite the fact that they are targeted at the same time and by the same ubiquitin ligase, making these substrates an interesting case study for investigating molecular determinants of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis in higher eukaryotes. The prevalence of Aurora overexpression in cancers and their potential as therapeutic targets add importance to the task of understanding the molecular determinants of Aurora kinase stability. Here, we review what is known about ubiquitin-mediated targeting of these critical mitotic regulators and discuss the different factors that contribute to proteolytic control of Aurora kinase activity in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Lindon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , UK
| | - Rhys Grant
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , UK
| | - Mingwei Min
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA
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Weimer AK, Demidov D, Lermontova I, Beeckman T, Van Damme D. Aurora Kinases Throughout Plant Development. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 21:69-79. [PMID: 26616196 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Aurora kinases are evolutionarily conserved key mitotic determinants in all eukaryotes. Yeasts contain a single Aurora kinase, whereas multicellular eukaryotes have at least two functionally diverged members. The involvement of Aurora kinases in human cancers has provided an in-depth mechanistic understanding of their roles throughout cell division in animal and yeast models. By contrast, understanding Aurora kinase function in plants is only starting to emerge. Nevertheless, genetic, cell biological, and biochemical approaches have revealed functional diversification between the plant Aurora kinases and suggest a role in formative (asymmetric) divisions, chromatin modification, and genome stability. This review provides an overview of the accumulated knowledge on the function of plant Aurora kinases as well as some major challenges for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika K Weimer
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dmitri Demidov
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Stadt Seeland, 06466 Germany
| | - Inna Lermontova
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Stadt Seeland, 06466 Germany
| | - Tom Beeckman
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniël Van Damme
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
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Ye AA, Deretic J, Hoel CM, Hinman AW, Cimini D, Welburn JP, Maresca TJ. Aurora A Kinase Contributes to a Pole-Based Error Correction Pathway. Curr Biol 2015; 25:1842-51. [PMID: 26166783 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2015.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Chromosome biorientation, where sister kinetochores attach to microtubules (MTs) from opposing spindle poles, is the configuration that best ensures equal partitioning of the genome during cell division. Erroneous kinetochore-MT attachments are commonplace but are often corrected prior to anaphase. Error correction, thought to be mediated primarily by the centromere-enriched Aurora B kinase (ABK), typically occurs near spindle poles; however, the relevance of this locale is unclear. Furthermore, polar ejection forces (PEFs), highest near poles, can stabilize improper attachments by pushing mal-oriented chromosome arms away from spindle poles. Hence, there is a conundrum: erroneous kinetochore-MT attachments are weakened where PEFs are most likely to strengthen them. Here, we report that Aurora A kinase (AAK) opposes the stabilizing effect of PEFs. AAK activity contributes to phosphorylation of kinetochore substrates near poles and its inhibition results in chromosome misalignment and an increased incidence of erroneous kinetochore-MT attachments. Furthermore, AAK directly phosphorylates a site in the N-terminal tail of Ndc80/Hec1 that has been implicated in reducing the affinity of the Ndc80 complex for MTs when phosphorylated. We propose that an AAK activity gradient contributes to correcting mal-oriented kinetochore-MT attachments in the vicinity of spindle poles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Ye
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Jovana Deretic
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, UK
| | - Christopher M Hoel
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Albert W Hinman
- Department of Biological Sciences and Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Daniela Cimini
- Department of Biological Sciences and Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Julie P Welburn
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, UK
| | - Thomas J Maresca
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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