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Fu L, Du J, Furkert D, Shipton ML, Liu X, Aguirre T, Chin AC, Riley AM, Potter BVL, Fiedler D, Zhang X, Zhu Y, Fu C. Depleting inositol pyrophosphate 5-InsP7 protected the heart against ischaemia-reperfusion injury by elevating plasma adiponectin. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:954-970. [PMID: 38252884 PMCID: PMC11218692 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived circulating protein that exerts cardiovascular and metabolic protection. Due to the futile degradation of endogenous adiponectin and the challenges of exogenous administration, regulatory mechanisms of adiponectin biosynthesis are of significant pharmacological interest. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we report that 5-diphosphoinositol 1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate (5-InsP7) generated by inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 (IP6K1) governed circulating adiponectin levels via thiol-mediated protein quality control in the secretory pathway. IP6K1 bound to adiponectin and DsbA-L and generated 5-InsP7 to stabilize adiponectin/ERp44 and DsbA-L/Ero1-Lα interactions, driving adiponectin intracellular degradation. Depleting 5-InsP7 by either IP6K1 deletion or pharmacological inhibition blocked intracellular adiponectin degradation. Whole-body and adipocyte-specific deletion of IP6K1 boosted plasma adiponectin levels, especially its high molecular weight forms, and activated AMPK-mediated protection against myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Pharmacological inhibition of 5-InsP7 biosynthesis in wild-type but not adiponectin knockout mice attenuated myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that 5-InsP7 is a physiological regulator of adiponectin biosynthesis that is amenable to pharmacological intervention for cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jimin Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - David Furkert
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Megan L Shipton
- Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Xiaoqi Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Tim Aguirre
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alfred C Chin
- Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew M Riley
- Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Barry V L Potter
- Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Dorothea Fiedler
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Chenglai Fu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200092, China
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López-Alcalá J, Gordon A, Trávez A, Tercero-Alcázar C, Correa-Sáez A, González-Rellán MJ, Rangel-Zúñiga OA, Rodríguez A, Membrives A, Frühbeck G, Nogueiras R, Calzado MA, Guzmán-Ruiz R, Malagón MM. Localization, traffic and function of Rab34 in adipocyte lipid and endocrine functions. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:2. [PMID: 38183057 PMCID: PMC10770960 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00990-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive lipid accumulation in the adipose tissue in obesity alters the endocrine and energy storage functions of adipocytes. Adipocyte lipid droplets represent key organelles coordinating lipid storage and mobilization in these cells. Recently, we identified the small GTPase, Rab34, in the lipid droplet proteome of adipocytes. Herein, we have characterized the distribution, intracellular transport, and potential contribution of this GTPase to adipocyte physiology and its regulation in obesity. METHODS 3T3-L1 and human primary preadipocytes were differentiated in vitro and Rab34 distribution and trafficking were analyzed using markers of cellular compartments. 3T3-L1 adipocytes were transfected with expression vectors and/or Rab34 siRNA and assessed for secretory activity, lipid accumulation and expression of proteins regulating lipid metabolism. Proteomic and protein interaction analyses were employed for the identification of the Rab34 interactome. These studies were combined with functional analysis to unveil the role played by the GTPase in adipocytes, with a focus on the actions conveyed by Rab34 interacting proteins. Finally, Rab34 regulation in response to obesity was also evaluated. RESULTS Our results show that Rab34 localizes at the Golgi apparatus in preadipocytes. During lipid droplet biogenesis, Rab34 translocates from the Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum-related compartments and then reaches the surface of adipocyte lipid droplets. Rab34 exerts distinct functions related to its intracellular location. Thus, at the Golgi, Rab34 regulates cisternae integrity as well as adiponectin trafficking and oligomerization. At the lipid droplets, this GTPase controls lipid accumulation and lipolysis through its interaction with the E1-ubiquitin ligase, UBA1, which induces the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of the fatty acid transporter and member of Rab34 interactome, FABP5. Finally, Rab34 levels in the adipose tissue and adipocytes are regulated in response to obesity and related pathogenic insults (i.e., fibrosis). CONCLUSIONS Rab34 plays relevant roles during adipocyte differentiation, including from the regulation of the oligomerization (i.e., biological activity) and secretion of a major adipokine with insulin-sensitizing actions, adiponectin, to lipid storage and mobilization from lipid droplets. Rab34 dysregulation in obesity may contribute to the altered adipokine secretion and lipid metabolism that characterize adipocyte dysfunction in conditions of excess adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime López-Alcalá
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba (UCO), Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ana Gordon
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba (UCO), Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Andrés Trávez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba (UCO), Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Carmen Tercero-Alcázar
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba (UCO), Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alejandro Correa-Sáez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba (UCO), Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
| | - María Jesús González-Rellán
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Oriol A Rangel-Zúñiga
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/University of Córdoba (UCO), Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Amaia Rodríguez
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clinic, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Antonio Membrives
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Córdoba (UCO), Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clinic, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rubén Nogueiras
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marco A Calzado
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba (UCO), Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rocío Guzmán-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba (UCO), Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - María M Malagón
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba (UCO), Reina Sofía University Hospital (HURS), Córdoba, Spain.
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
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Tian Y, Sun H, Bao Y, Feng H, Pang J, En R, Jiang H, Wang T. ERp44 Regulates the Proliferation, Migration, Invasion, and Apoptosis of Gastric Cancer Cells Via Activation of ER Stress. Biochem Genet 2022; 61:809-822. [PMID: 36178559 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10281-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a key role in the progression of GC. Rapid proliferation of tumor cells interferes with ER homeostasis, leading to ER stress and triggering unfolded protein response. Therefore, it is very necessary to investigate abnormally expressed ER resident proteins (ERp) in cancer cells. This study aimed to investigate the possible roles of ERp44. The mRNA and protein expression of genes were detected using qRT-PCR and western blot. Cell apoptosis was calculated using flow cytometry. Cell proliferation was determined using CCK-8 and colony formation assay. Cell migration was detected by wound healing, and cell invasion was measured by transwell assay. We found that ERp44 was obviously decreased in GC tissues. Furthermore, ERp44 overexpression distinctly suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of MGC-803 and KATO III cells. In contrast, apoptosis was promoted by ERp44 overexpression. Furthermore, mechanistic studies revealed that overexpression of ERp44 inhibited malignant biological processes by regulating the eIF-2α/CHOP signaling pathway. Taken together, our data demonstrated that ERp44 regulated the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis via ERp44/eIF-2α/CHOP axis in GC. Targeting the ERp44and ER stress may be a promising strategy for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjing Tian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Inner Mongolia Bayannur Hospital, Inner Mongolia, 015000, China
| | - Haibin Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Inner Mongolia Bayannur Hospital, Inner Mongolia, 015000, China
| | - Yinshengboer Bao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Inner Mongolia Bayannur Hospital, Inner Mongolia, 015000, China
| | - Haiping Feng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Inner Mongolia Bayannur Hospital, Inner Mongolia, 015000, China
| | - Jian Pang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Inner Mongolia Bayannur Hospital, Inner Mongolia, 015000, China
| | - Riletu En
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Inner Mongolia Bayannur Hospital, Inner Mongolia, 015000, China
| | - Hongliang Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Inner Mongolia Bayannur Hospital, Inner Mongolia, 015000, China
| | - Tengqi Wang
- Department of Cancer Center, Inner Mongolia Bayannur Hospital, No. 98, Ulan Buhe Road, Bayan Nur, Inner Mongolia, 015000, China.
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Su SC, Chien CY, Chen YC, Chiang CF, Lin FH, Kuo FC, Huang CL, Li PF, Liu JS, Lu CH, Ho LJ, Hsieh CH, Hung YJ, Shieh YS, Lee CH. PDIA4, a novel ER stress chaperone, modulates adiponectin expression and inflammation in adipose tissue. Biofactors 2022; 48:1060-1075. [PMID: 35674710 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence supporting a causal link between obesity and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in adipose tissue is being reported. Protein disulfide isomerase 4 (PDIA4) is a novel ER chaperone involved in the pancreatic β-cells pathogenesis in diabetes. However, the role of PDIA4 in obesity progression remains poorly understood. To assess the relationship between PDIA4, adiponectin, and metformin, we used the palmitate-induced inflammation in hypertrophic adipocytes and the high-fat diet-induced obesity mouse model. Our results revealed that palmitate-induced hypertrophic adipocytes exhibit obesity-associated conditions such as increased lipid accumulation, inflammation, and reduced glucose uptake. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of PDIA4 significantly reverses these obesity-associated conditions in adipocytes. PDIA4 mechanistically promotes obesity progression via adiponectin downregulation. Furthermore, metformin modulates PDIA4 and adiponectin expression and improves obesity-associated conditions in both in vitro adipocytes and in vivo mouse models. Serum PDIA4 concentrations are also associated with body mass index, adiponectin, triglycerides, and inflammatory cytokines in humans. This is the first study demonstrating that PDIA4 modulates adipocytes by downregulating adiponectin. Moreover, metformin may serve as a potential therapeutic for preventing obesity via PDIA4-targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Chiang Su
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Yen Chien
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chen Chen
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Fu Chiang
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Huang Lin
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chih Kuo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Luen Huang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Fei Li
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Syuan Liu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Hua Lu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ju Ho
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hsun Hsieh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shing Shieh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsing Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Palazzo FC, Sitia R, Tempio T. Selective Secretion of KDEL-Bearing Proteins: Mechanisms and Functions. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:967875. [PMID: 35912099 PMCID: PMC9326092 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.967875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In multicellular organisms, cells must continuously exchange messages with the right meaning, intensity, and duration. Most of these messages are delivered through cognate interactions between membrane and secretory proteins. Their conformational maturation is assisted by a vast array of chaperones and enzymes, ensuring the fidelity of intercellular communication. These folding assistants reside in the early secretory compartment (ESC), a functional unit that encompasses endoplasmic reticulum (ER), intermediate compartment and cis-Golgi. Most soluble ESC residents have C-terminal KDEL-like motifs that prevent their transport beyond the Golgi. However, some accumulate in the ER, while others in downstream stations, implying different recycling rates. Moreover, it is now clear that cells can actively secrete certain ESC residents but not others. This essay discusses the physiology of their differential intracellular distribution, and the mechanisms that may ensure selectivity of release.
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Bauzá-Thorbrügge M, Banke E, Chanclón B, Peris E, Wu Y, Musovic S, Jönsson C, Strålfors P, Rorsman P, Olofsson CS, Asterholm IW. Adipocyte-specific ablation of the Ca 2+ pump SERCA2 impairs whole-body metabolic function and reveals the diverse metabolic flexibility of white and brown adipose tissue. Mol Metab 2022; 63:101535. [PMID: 35760318 PMCID: PMC9287368 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) transports Ca2+ from the cytosol into the ER and is essential for appropriate regulation of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that SERCA pumps are involved in the regulation of white adipocyte hormone secretion and other aspects of adipose tissue function and that this control is disturbed in obesity-induced type-2 diabetes. METHODS SERCA expression was measured in isolated human and mouse adipocytes as well as in whole mouse adipose tissue by Western blot and RT-qPCR. To test the significance of SERCA2 in adipocyte functionality and whole-body metabolism, we generated adipocyte-specific SERCA2 knockout mice. The mice were metabolically phenotyped by glucose tolerance and tracer studies, histological analyses, measurements of glucose-stimulated insulin release in isolated islets, and gene/protein expression analyses. We also tested the effect of pharmacological SERCA inhibition and genetic SERCA2 ablation in cultured adipocytes. Intracellular and mitochondrial Ca2+ levels were recorded with dual-wavelength ratio imaging and mitochondrial function was assessed by Seahorse technology. RESULTS We demonstrate that SERCA2 is downregulated in white adipocytes from patients with obesity and type-2 diabetes as well as in adipocytes from diet-induced obese mice. SERCA2-ablated adipocytes display disturbed Ca2+ homeostasis associated with upregulated ER stress markers and impaired hormone release. These adipocyte alterations are linked to mild lipodystrophy, reduced adiponectin levels, and impaired glucose tolerance. Interestingly, adipocyte-specific SERCA2 ablation leads to increased glucose uptake in white adipose tissue while glucose uptake is reduced in brown adipose tissue. This dichotomous effect on glucose uptake is due to differently regulated mitochondrial function. In white adipocytes, SERCA2 deficiency triggers an adaptive increase in FGF21, increased mitochondrial UCP1 levels, and increased oxygen consumption rate (OCR). In contrast, brown SERCA2 null adipocytes display reduced OCR despite increased mitochondrial content and UCP1 levels compared to wild type controls. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest causal links between reduced white adipocyte SERCA2 levels, deranged adipocyte Ca2+ homeostasis, adipose tissue dysfunction and type-2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bauzá-Thorbrügge
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Elin Banke
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Belén Chanclón
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Eduard Peris
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Yanling Wu
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Saliha Musovic
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Cecilia Jönsson
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Peter Strålfors
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Patrik Rorsman
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 7LE, UK.
| | - Charlotta S Olofsson
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Ingrid Wernstedt Asterholm
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
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Law ME, Yaaghubi E, Ghilardi AF, Davis BJ, Ferreira RB, Koh J, Chen S, DePeter SF, Schilson CM, Chiang CW, Heldermon CD, Nørgaard P, Castellano RK, Law BK. Inhibitors of ERp44, PDIA1, and AGR2 induce disulfide-mediated oligomerization of Death Receptors 4 and 5 and cancer cell death. Cancer Lett 2022; 534:215604. [PMID: 35247515 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer mortality remains unacceptably high, indicating a need for safer and more effective therapeutic agents. Disulfide bond Disrupting Agents (DDAs) were previously identified as a novel class of anticancer compounds that selectively kill cancers that overexpress the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) or its family member HER2. DDAs kill EGFR+ and HER2+ cancer cells via the parallel downregulation of EGFR, HER2, and HER3 and activation/oligomerization of Death Receptors 4 and 5 (DR4/5). However, the mechanisms by which DDAs mediate these effects are unknown. Affinity purification analyses employing biotinylated-DDAs reveal that the Protein Disulfide Isomerase (PDI) family members AGR2, PDIA1, and ERp44 are DDA target proteins. Further analyses demonstrate that shRNA-mediated knockdown of AGR2 and ERp44, or expression of ERp44 mutants, enhance basal DR5 oligomerization. DDA treatment of breast cancer cells disrupts PDIA1 and ERp44 mixed disulfide bonds with their client proteins. Together, the results herein reveal DDAs as the first small molecule, active site inhibitors of AGR2 and ERp44, and demonstrate roles for AGR2 and ERp44 in regulating the activity, stability, and localization of DR4 and DR5, and activation of Caspase 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Law
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Elham Yaaghubi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Amanda F Ghilardi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Bradley J Davis
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Renan B Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Jin Koh
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Facility, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Sixue Chen
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Facility, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Sadie F DePeter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | | | - Chi-Wu Chiang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine and Center for Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Coy D Heldermon
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; UF-Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Peter Nørgaard
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, DK, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Ronald K Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; UF-Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | - Brian K Law
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; UF-Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
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8
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Bi Y, Yang Z, Jin M, Zhai K, Wang J, Mao Y, Liu Y, Ding M, Wang H, Wang F, Cai H, Ji G. ERp44 is required for endocardial cushion development by regulating VEGFA secretion in myocardium. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13179. [PMID: 35088919 PMCID: PMC8891561 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Endocardial cushions are precursors of the valve septum complex that separates the four heart chambers. Several genes have been implicated in the development of endocardial cushions. Specifically, ERp44 has been found to play a role in the early secretory pathway, but its function in heart development has not been well studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we established conditional and tissue-specific knockout mouse models. The morphology, survival rate, the development of heart and endocardial cushion were under evaluation. The relationship between ERp44 and VEGFA was investigated by transcriptome, qPCR, WB, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS ERp44 knockout (KO) mice were smaller in size, and most mice died during early postnatal life. KO hearts exhibited the typical phenotypes of congenital heart diseases, such as abnormal heart shapes and severe septal and valvular defects. Similar phenotypes were found in cTNT-Cre+/- ; ERp44fl / fl mice, which indicated that myocardial ERp44 principally controls endocardial cushion formation. Further studies demonstrated that the deletion of ERp44 significantly decreased the proliferation of cushion cells and impaired the endocardial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), which was followed by endocardial cushion dysplasia. Finally, we found that ERp44 was directly bound to VEGFA and controlled its release, further regulating EndMT. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that ERp44 plays a specific role in heart development. ERp44 contributes to the development of the endocardial cushion by affecting VEGFA-mediated EndMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youkun Bi
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary ResearchInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhiguang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary ResearchInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Meng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary ResearchInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Kui Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary ResearchInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary ResearchInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yang Mao
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary ResearchInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary ResearchInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Mingqin Ding
- National Institute of Biological SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Huiwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary ResearchInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Fengchao Wang
- National Institute of Biological SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Hong Cai
- Department of DermatologyAir Force Medical CenterPLABeijingChina
| | - Guangju Ji
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary ResearchInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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9
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Differential Proteomic Analysis of Astrocytes and Astrocytes-Derived Extracellular Vesicles from Control and Rai Knockout Mice: Insights into the Mechanisms of Neuroprotection. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157933. [PMID: 34360699 PMCID: PMC8348125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive astrocytes are a hallmark of neurodegenerative disease including multiple sclerosis. It is widely accepted that astrocytes may adopt alternative phenotypes depending on a combination of environmental cues and intrinsic features in a highly plastic and heterogeneous manner. However, we still lack a full understanding of signals and associated signaling pathways driving astrocyte reaction and of the mechanisms by which they drive disease. We have previously shown in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mouse model that deficiency of the molecular adaptor Rai reduces disease severity and demyelination. Moreover, using primary mouse astrocytes, we showed that Rai contributes to the generation of a pro-inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) microenvironment through the production of nitric oxide and IL-6 and by impairing CD39 activity in response to soluble factors released by encephalitogenic T cells. Here, we investigated the impact of Rai expression on astrocyte function both under basal conditions and in response to IL-17 treatment using a proteomic approach. We found that astrocytes and astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles contain a set of proteins, to which Rai contributes, that are involved in the regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination, nitrogen metabolism, and oxidative stress. The HIF-1α pathway and cellular energetic metabolism were the most statistically relevant molecular pathways and were related to ENOA and HSP70 dysregulation.
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10
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Hampe L, Harris PWR, Rushton B, Radjainia M, Brimble MA, Mitra AK. Engineering a stable complex of
ERp44
with a designed peptide ligand for analyzing the mode of interaction of
ERp44
with its clients. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Hampe
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Paul W. R. Harris
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
- School of Chemical Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Ben Rushton
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
- Bernhard‐Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine Bernhard‐Nocht‐Straße 74, 20359 Hamburg Germany
| | - Mazdak Radjainia
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
- Thermo Fisher Scientific Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Margaret A. Brimble
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
- School of Chemical Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Alok K. Mitra
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
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11
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da Silva Rosa SC, Liu M, Sweeney G. Adiponectin Synthesis, Secretion and Extravasation from Circulation to Interstitial Space. Physiology (Bethesda) 2021; 36:134-149. [PMID: 33904786 PMCID: PMC8461789 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00031.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin, an adipokine that circulates as multiple multimeric complexes at high levels in serum, has antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic, and cardioprotective properties. Understanding the mechanisms regulating adiponectin's physiological effects is likely to provide critical insight into the development of adiponectin-based therapeutics to treat various metabolic-related diseases. In this review, we summarize our current understanding on adiponectin action in its various target tissues and in cellular models. We also focus on recent advances in two particular regulatory aspects; namely, the regulation of adiponectin gene expression, multimerization, and secretion, as well as extravasation of circulating adiponectin to the interstitial space and its degradation. Finally, we discuss some potential therapeutic approaches using adiponectin as a target and the current challenges facing adiponectin-based therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meilian Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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12
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A virtuous cycle operated by ERp44 and ERGIC-53 guarantees proteostasis in the early secretory compartment. iScience 2021; 24:102244. [PMID: 33763635 PMCID: PMC7973864 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition of the secretome depends on the combined action of cargo receptors that facilitate protein transport and sequential checkpoints that restrict it to native conformers. Acting after endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident chaperones, ERp44 retrieves its clients from downstream compartments. To guarantee efficient quality control, ERp44 should exit the ER as rapidly as its clients, or more. Here, we show that appending ERp44 to different cargo proteins increases their secretion rates. ERp44 binds the cargo receptor ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC)-53 in the ER to negotiate preferential loading into COPII vesicles. Silencing ERGIC-53, or competing for its COPII binding with 4-phenylbutyrate, causes secretion of Prdx4, an enzyme that relies on ERp44 for intracellular localization. In more acidic, zinc-rich downstream compartments, ERGIC-53 releases its clients and ERp44, which can bind and retrieve non-native conformers via KDEL receptors. By coupling the transport of cargoes and inspector proteins, cells ensure efficiency and fidelity of secretion.
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13
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Tempio T, Anelli T. The pivotal role of ERp44 in patrolling protein secretion. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/21/jcs240366. [PMID: 33173013 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.240366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between protein ligands and receptors are the main language of intercellular communication; hence, how cells select proteins to be secreted or presented on the plasma membrane is a central concern in cell biology. A series of checkpoints are located along the secretory pathway, which ensure the fidelity of such protein signals (quality control). Proteins that pass the checkpoints operated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by the binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP; also known as HSPA5 and GRP78) and the calnexin-calreticulin systems, must still overcome additional scrutiny in the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) and the Golgi. One of the main players of this process in all metazoans is the ER-resident protein 44 (ERp44); by cycling between the ER and the Golgi, ERp44 controls the localization of key enzymes designed to act in the ER but that are devoid of suitable localization motifs. ERp44 also patrols the secretion of correctly assembled disulfide-linked oligomeric proteins. Here, we discuss the mechanisms driving ERp44 substrate recognition, with important consequences on the definition of 'thiol-mediated quality control'. We also describe how pH and zinc gradients regulate the functional cycle of ERp44, coupling quality control and membrane trafficking along the early secretory compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Tempio
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy.,IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Tiziana Anelli
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy .,IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
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14
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Tura A, Thieme C, Brosig A, Merz H, Ranjbar M, Vardanyan S, Zuo H, Maassen T, Kakkassery V, Grisanti S. Lower Levels of Adiponectin and Its Receptor Adipor1 in the Uveal Melanomas With Monosomy-3. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:12. [PMID: 32396633 PMCID: PMC7405622 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.5.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Adiponectin is an insulin-sensitizing and anticarcinogenic hormone that is encoded by a gene on chromosome 3. Here, we analyzed the expression of adiponectin and its receptor Adipor1 in primary uveal melanoma (UM) with regard to the monosomy-3 status and clinical factors, as well as the physiological response of UM cells to adiponectin. Methods Immunohistochemistry was performed on the primary UM of 34 patients. Circulating melanoma cells (CMC) were isolated by immunomagnetic enrichment. Monosomy-3 was evaluated by Immuno-FISH. Gene expression was analyzed using the RNAseq data of The Cancer Genome Atlas study. Cultures of choroidal melanocytes and UM were established from the samples of two patients. The proliferative potential of the UM cell lines Mel-270 and OMM-2.5 was determined by immunocytochemistry, immunoblotting, cell cycle analysis, nucleolar staining, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. Results UM with monosomy-3 exhibited a lower immunoreactivity for adiponectin and Adipor1, which was associated with monosomy-3-positive CMC and the development of extraocular growth or metastases. Both proteins were more abundant in the irradiated tumors and present in the cultured cells. Gene expression profile indicated the impairment of adiponectin-mediated signaling in the monosomy-3 tumors. Adiponectin induced a significant decline in the ATP levels, Ki-67 expression, cells in the G2/M phase, and nucleolar integrity in UM cultures. Conclusions Adiponectin deficiency appears to enhance the metastatic potential of the UM cells with monosomy-3 and the termination of tumor dormancy. Counteracting insulin resistance and improving the serum adiponectin levels might therefore be a valuable approach to prevent or delay the UM metastases.
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15
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Tsachaki M, Strauss P, Dunkel A, Navrátilová H, Mladenovic N, Odermatt A. Impact of 17β-HSD12, the 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase of long-chain fatty acid synthesis, on breast cancer cell proliferation and migration. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:1153-1175. [PMID: 31302749 PMCID: PMC7109200 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03227-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells involves upregulation of fatty acid (FA) synthesis to support high bioenergetic demands and membrane synthesis. This has been shown for cytosolic synthesis of FAs with up to 16 carbon atoms. Synthesis of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs), including ω-6 and ω-3 polyunsaturated FAs, takes place at the endoplasmic reticulum. Despite increasing evidence for an important role of LCFAs in cancer, the impact of their synthesis in cancer cell growth has scarcely been studied. Here, we demonstrated that silencing of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 12 (17β-HSD12), essentially catalyzing the 3-ketoacyl-CoA reduction step in LCFA production, modulates proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells in a cell line-dependent manner. Increased proliferation and migration after 17β-HSD12 knockdown were partly mediated by metabolism of arachidonic acid towards COX2 and CYP1B1-derived eicosanoids. Decreased proliferation was rescued by increased glucose concentration and was preceded by reduced ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation and spare respiratory capacity. In addition, 17β-HSD12 silencing was accompanied by alterations in unfolded protein response, including a decrease in CHOP expression and increase in eIF2α activation and the folding chaperone ERp44. Our study highlights the significance of LCFA biosynthesis for tumor cell physiology and unveils unknown aspects of breast cancer cell heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tsachaki
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pirmin Strauss
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anja Dunkel
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hana Navrátilová
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Natasa Mladenovic
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alex Odermatt
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
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16
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Su Y, Wang B, Zhang Y, Ruan Z, Bai H, Wan J, Xu C, Li G, Wang S, Ai H, Xiong L, Geng H. Mass spectrometric determination of disulfide bonds and free cysteine in grass carp IgM isoforms. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 95:287-296. [PMID: 31669895 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Disulfide bonds are fundamental in establishing Ig structure and maintaining Ig biological function. Here, we analysed disulfide bonds and free cysteine in three grass carp IgM isoforms (monomeric, dimeric/trimeric, and tetrameric IgM) by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). The results revealed that Cys574 residue status at the C-terminal tail differed substantially in monomeric IgM in comparison with polymeric IgM, Cys574 was found as free thiol in monomeric IgM, while it formed disulfide linkages in dimeric/trimeric and tetrameric IgM. Five intra-chain disulfide bonds in the CH1~CH4 and CL1 domains, as well as one H-H and one H-L inter-chain disulfide linkages, were also observed and shown identical connectivity in monomeric, dimeric/trimeric, and tetrameric IgM. These findings represent the first experimental assignments of disulfide linkages of grass carp IgM and reveal that grass carp IgM isoform formation is due to alternative disulfide bonds connecting the Cys574 residue at the C-terminal tail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Su
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Zilun Ruan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Hao Bai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Jian Wan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Guoqi Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Shengqiang Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Hui Ai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Li Xiong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Hui Geng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
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17
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Adrenergic stimulation of adiponectin secretion in visceral mouse adipocytes is blunted in high-fat diet induced obesity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10680. [PMID: 31337827 PMCID: PMC6650418 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47113-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The hormone adiponectin is secreted by white adipocytes and has been put forward as a key mediator of obesity-linked insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. Although adiponectin was discovered two decades ago, the knowledge about the molecular and cellular regulation of its secretion is incomplete. Here we have investigated the adrenergic regulation of adiponectin secretion in primary visceral (gonadal) adipocytes isolated from lean or obese/diabetic mice. We show that visceral adipocyte adiponectin release is triggered by cAMP/catecholamines via signalling pathways involving adrenergic beta-3-receptors (β3ARs) and Exchange Protein directly Activated by cAMP, isoform 1 (Epac1). The adrenergically stimulated adiponectin secretion is blunted in visceral adipocytes isolated from obese and diabetic mice and our results suggest the existence of a secretory defect. We have previously shown that adiponectin secretion in subcutaneous adipocytes is abolished in the obese/diabetic state due to reduced abundance of β3ARs and Epac1. However, here we show that protein levels of β3ARs and Epac1 are maintained in visceral adipocytes from obese/diabetic mice proposing that other molecular defects underlie the blunted adiponectin release. Gene expression analysis indicate diabesity-associated disturbances of the signalling downstream of Epac1 and/or the exocytotic process itself. Our study proposes that visceral adipocytes partake in the regulated secretion of adiponectin and may thus influence circulating levels of the hormone, in health and in metabolic disease.
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18
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Liyanage D, Omeka W, Lee J. Molecular characterization, host defense mechanisms, and functional analysis of ERp44 from big-belly seahorse: A novel member of the teleost thioredoxin family present in the endoplasmic reticulum. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 232:31-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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19
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Zinc regulates ERp44-dependent protein quality control in the early secretory pathway. Nat Commun 2019; 10:603. [PMID: 30723194 PMCID: PMC6363758 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08429-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc ions (Zn2+) are imported into the early secretory pathway by Golgi-resident transporters, but their handling and functions are not fully understood. Here, we show that Zn2+ binds with high affinity to the pH-sensitive chaperone ERp44, modulating its localization and ability to retrieve clients like Ero1α and ERAP1 to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Silencing the Zn2+ transporters that uptake Zn2+ into the Golgi led to ERp44 dysfunction and increased secretion of Ero1α and ERAP1. High-resolution crystal structures of Zn2+-bound ERp44 reveal that Zn2+ binds to a conserved histidine-cluster. The consequent large displacements of the regulatory C-terminal tail expose the substrate-binding surface and RDEL motif, ensuring client capture and retrieval. ERp44 also forms Zn2+-bridged homodimers, which dissociate upon client binding. Histidine mutations in the Zn2+-binding sites compromise ERp44 activity and localization. Our findings reveal a role of Zn2+ as a key regulator of protein quality control at the ER-Golgi interface. Zinc ions (Zn2+) are imported by Golgi-resident transporters but the function of zinc in the early secretory pathway has remained unknown. Here the authors find that Zn2+ regulates protein quality control in the early secretory pathway by demonstrating that the pH-sensitive chaperone ERp44 binds Zn2+ and solving the Zn2+-bound ERp44 structure.
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20
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Roberts BS, Babilonia-Rosa MA, Broadwell LJ, Wu MJ, Neher SB. Lipase maturation factor 1 affects redox homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.201797379. [PMID: 30068531 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201797379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a secreted lipase that clears triglycerides from the blood. Proper LPL folding and exit from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) require lipase maturation factor 1 (LMF1), an ER-resident transmembrane protein, but the mechanism involved is unknown. We used proteomics to identify LMF1-binding partners necessary for LPL secretion in HEK293 cells and found these to include oxidoreductases and lectin chaperones, suggesting that LMF1 facilitates the formation of LPL's five disulfide bonds. In accordance with this role, we found that LPL aggregates in LMF1-deficient cells due to the formation of incorrect intermolecular disulfide bonds. Cells lacking LMF1 were hypersensitive to depletion of glutathione, but not DTT treatment, suggesting that LMF1 helps reduce the ER Accordingly, we found that loss of LMF1 results in a more oxidized ER Our data show that LMF1 has a broader role than simply folding lipases, and we identified fibronectin and the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) as novel LMF1 clients that contain multiple, non-sequential disulfide bonds. We conclude that LMF1 is needed for secretion of some ER client proteins that require reduction of non-native disulfides during their folding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin S Roberts
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Melissa A Babilonia-Rosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lindsey J Broadwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ming Jing Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Saskia B Neher
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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21
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Abstract
The protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family is a group of multifunctional endoplasmic reticulum (ER) enzymes that mediate the formation of disulfide bonds, catalyze the cysteine-based redox reactions and assist the quality control of client proteins. Recent structural and functional studies have demonstrated that PDI members not only play an essential role in the proteostasis in the ER but also exert diverse effects in numerous human disorders including cancer and neurodege-nerative diseases. Increasing evidence suggests that PDI is actively involved in the proliferation, survival, and metastasis of several types of cancer cells. Although the molecular mechanism by which PDI contributes to tumorigenesis and metastasis remains to be understood, PDI is now emerging as a new therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In fact, several attempts have been made to develop PDI inhibitors as anti-cancer drugs. In this review, we discuss the properties and diverse functions of human PDI proteins and focus on recent findings regarding their roles in the state of diseases including cancer and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyoug Lee
- Department of Bio and Environmental Technology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Korea
| | - Do Hee Lee
- Department of Bio and Environmental Technology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Korea
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Abstract
Adiponectin circulates in blood in multiple isoforms. High molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin is thought to be most biologically active and promotes glucose uptake, insulin sensitivity, and fatty acid oxidation. In obesity, adiponectin isoform formation is disrupted, leading to an inverse association between metabolic disease and HMW and total adiponectin. Adiponectin isoforms also function as acute-phase reactants influencing inflammation in acute and chronic disease. Interestingly, adiponectin and mortality have a U-shaped association. Unfortunately, data concerning adiponectin and its pathophysiologic function conflict. This is predominantly due to difficulties in adequate measurement of adiponectin isoforms and lack of a gold standard. In this review we provide a general overview of the formation and function of adiponectin and its isoforms under physiologic conditions. We highlight the ways adiponectin isoform formation is disrupted in obesity and its ensuing pathologic conditions. Furthermore, we will elaborate on the role of adiponectin isoforms as inflammatory proteins with respect to cardiac and kidney disease and discuss the association of adiponectin with mortality. Finally, we will provide a historical perspective on the measurement of adiponectin isoforms, current limitations, and future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annemieke C Heijboer
- VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Madeleine L Drent
- VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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23
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Huang X, Jin M, Chen YX, Wang J, Zhai K, Chang Y, Yuan Q, Yao KT, Ji G. ERP44 inhibits human lung cancer cell migration mainly via IP3R2. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:1276-86. [PMID: 27347718 PMCID: PMC4931832 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell migration is involved in tumour metastasis. However, the relationship between calcium signalling and cancer migration is not well elucidated. In this study, we used the human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line to examine the role of endoplasmic reticulum protein 44 (ERP44), which has been reported to regulate calcium release inside of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), in cell migration. We found that the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs/ITPRs) inhibitor 2-APB significantly inhibited A549 cell migration by inhibiting cell polarization and pseudopodium protrusion, which suggests that Ca2+ is necessary for A549 cell migration. Similarly, the overexpression of ERP44 reduced intracellular Ca2+ release via IP3Rs, altered cell morphology and significantly inhibited the migration of A549 cells. These phenomena were primarily dependent on IP3R2 because wound healing in A549 cells with IP3R2 rather than IP3R1 or IP3R3 siRNA was markedly inhibited. Moreover, the overexpression of ERP44 did not affect the migration of the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y, which mainly expresses IP3R1. Based on the above observations, we conclude that ERP44 regulates A549 cell migration mainly via an IP3R2-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Huang
- Cancer Research Institute of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Jin
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Xiao Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Current address: Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kui Zhai
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Chang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Yuan
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kai-Tai Yao
- Cancer Research Institute of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangju Ji
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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24
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Hampe L, Xu C, Harris PWR, Chen J, Liu M, Middleditch M, Radjainia M, Wang Y, Mitra AK. Synthetic peptides designed to modulate adiponectin assembly improve obesity-related metabolic disorders. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:4478-4492. [PMID: 28945274 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Adiponectin, an adipokine possessing profound insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties, is a potent biotherapeutic agent . The trimeric adiponectin subunit assembles into hexameric and functionally important higher molecular weight (HMW) forms, controlled by the endoplasmic reticulum protein 44 (ERp44). Obesity-induced ER stress decreases the HMW form in serum, contributing to the development of insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes. In this study, a panel of synthetic peptides, designed to target ERp44-adiponectin interactions, were tested for their effects on circulating levels of HMW adiponectin. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Peptides derived from the ERp44 binding region of adiponectin and immunoglobulin IgM were synthesized with or without a cell-penetrating sequence. Cultures of 3T3-L1 adipocytes were incubated with the peptides for assessing the assembly and secretion of HMW adiponectin. Mice given standard chow or a high-fat diet were treated acutely or chronically, with the peptides to investigate the therapeutic effects on insulin sensitivity and energy metabolism. RESULTS The designed peptides interfered with ERp44-adiponectin interactions and modulated adiponectin assembly and release from adipocytes. In particular, IgM-derived peptides facilitated the release of endogenous adiponectin (especially the HMW form) from adipose tissue, enhanced its circulating level and the ratio of HMW-to-total-adiponectin in obese mice. Long-term treatment of mice fed with high-fat diet by IgM-derived peptides reduced the circulating lipid levels and improved insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Targeting ERp44-adiponectin interactions with short peptides represents an effective strategy to treat of obesity-related metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Hampe
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Paul W R Harris
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Martin Middleditch
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mazdak Radjainia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Alok K Mitra
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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25
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Jacobo-Cejudo MG, Valdés-Ramos R, Guadarrama-López AL, Pardo-Morales RV, Martínez-Carrillo BE, Harbige LS. Effect of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation on Metabolic and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9060573. [PMID: 28587203 PMCID: PMC5490552 DOI: 10.3390/nu9060573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation, with an imbalance in the secretion of adipokines and, worsening insulin resistance. Supplementation with n-3 PUFA in T2DM decreases inflammatory markers, the purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation on adipokines, metabolic control, and lipid profile in T2DM Mexican adults. METHODS In a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study, 54 patients with T2DM received 520 mg of DHA + EPA-enriched fish-oil (FOG) or a placebo (PG) daily. Baseline and 24-week anthropometric and biochemical measurements included glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb1Ac), leptin, adiponectin, resistin, and lipid profile; n-3 PUFA intake was calculated in g/day. RESULTS Waist circumference and blood glucose showed significant reductions in the FOG group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.011, respectively). Hb1Ac (p = 0.009 and p = 0.004), leptin (p < 0.000 and p < 0.000), and leptin/adiponectin ratio (p < 0.000 and p < 0.000) decreased significantly in both groups after 24 weeks (FOG and PG respectively). Serum resistin (FOG p < 0.000 and PG p = 0.001), insulin (FOG p < 0.000 and PG p < 0.000), and HOMA-IR (FOG p = 0.000 and PG p < 0.000) increased significantly in both groups. FOG had an overall improvement in the lipid profile with a significant decrease in triacylgycerols (p = 0.002) and atherogenic index (p = 0.031); in contrast, the PG group had increased total cholesterol (p < 0.000), non-HDL cholesterol (p < 0.000), and atherogenic index (p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS We found a beneficial effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation on waist circumference, glucose, Hb1Ac, leptin, leptin/adiponectin ratio, and lipid profile, without significant changes in adiponectin, and increases in resistin, insulin, and HOMA-IR in both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gorety Jacobo-Cejudo
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan esq. Jesús Carranza, Col. Moderna de la Cruz, Toluca 50180, Mexico.
| | - Roxana Valdés-Ramos
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan esq. Jesús Carranza, Col. Moderna de la Cruz, Toluca 50180, Mexico.
| | - Ana L Guadarrama-López
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan esq. Jesús Carranza, Col. Moderna de la Cruz, Toluca 50180, Mexico.
| | - Rosa-Virgen Pardo-Morales
- Instlituto Materno-Infantil del Estado de México, Paseo Colón s/n, Col. Villa Hogar, Toluca 50170, Mexico.
| | - Beatriz E Martínez-Carrillo
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan esq. Jesús Carranza, Col. Moderna de la Cruz, Toluca 50180, Mexico.
| | - Laurence S Harbige
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Computing, London Metropolitan University, 166-220 Holloway Road, London N7 8DB, UK.
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26
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Yuen CYL, Wang P, Kang BH, Matsumoto K, Christopher DA. A Non-Classical Member of the Protein Disulfide Isomerase Family, PDI7 of Arabidopsis thaliana, Localizes to the cis-Golgi and Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 58:1103-1117. [PMID: 28444333 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Members of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI)-C subfamily are chimeric proteins containing the thioredoxin (Trx) domain of PDIs, and the conserved N- and C-terminal Pfam domains of Erv41p/Erv46p-type cargo receptors. They are unique to plants and chromalveolates. The Arabidopsis genome encodes three PDI-C isoforms: PDI7, PDI12 and PDI13. Here we demonstrate that PDI7 is a 65 kDa integral membrane glycoprotein expressed throughout many Arabidopsis tissues. Using a PDI7-specific antibody, we show through immunoelectron microscopy that PDI7 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi membranes in wild-type root tip cells, and was also detected in vesicles. Tomographic modeling of the Golgi revealed that PDI7 was confined to the cis-Golgi, and accumulated primarily at the cis-most cisterna. Shoot apical meristem cells from transgenic plants overexpressing PDI7 exhibited a dramatic increase in anti-PDI7 labeling at the cis-Golgi. When N- or C-terminal fusions between PDI7 and the green fluorescent protein variant, GFP(S65T), were expressed in mesophyll protoplasts, the fusions co-localized with the ER marker, ER-mCherry. However, when GFP(S65T) was positioned internally within PDI7 (PDI7-GFPint), the fusion strongly co-localized with the cis-Golgi marker, mCherry-SYP31, and faintly labeled the ER. In contrast to the Golgi-resident fusion protein (Man49-mCherry), PDI7-GFPint did not redistribute to the ER after brefeldin A treatment. Protease protection experiments indicated that the Trx domain of PDI7 is located within the ER/Golgi lumen. We propose a model where PDI-C isoforms function as cargo receptors for proteins containing exposed cysteine residues, cycling them from the Golgi back to the ER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christen Y L Yuen
- University of Hawaii, Molecular Biosciences & Bioengineering, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Byung-Ho Kang
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kristie Matsumoto
- University of Hawaii, Molecular Biosciences & Bioengineering, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - David A Christopher
- University of Hawaii, Molecular Biosciences & Bioengineering, Honolulu, HI, USA
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27
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Structural basis of pH-dependent client binding by ERp44, a key regulator of protein secretion at the ER-Golgi interface. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E3224-E3232. [PMID: 28373561 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1621426114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ERp44 retrieves some endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident enzymes and immature oligomers of secretory proteins from the Golgi. Association of ERp44 with its clients is regulated by pH-dependent mechanisms, but the molecular details are not fully understood. Here we report high-resolution crystal structures of human ERp44 at neutral and weakly acidic pH. These structures reveal key regions in the C-terminal tail (C tail) missing in the original crystal structure, including a regulatory histidine-rich region and a subsequent extended loop. The former region forms a short α-helix (α16), generating a histidine-clustered site (His cluster). At low pH, the three Trx-like domains of ERp44 ("a," "b," and "b'") undergo significant rearrangements, likely induced by protonation of His157 located at the interface between the a and b domains. The α16-helix is partially unwound and the extended loop is disordered in weakly acidic conditions, probably due to electrostatic repulsion between the protonated histidines in the His cluster. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that helix unwinding enhances the flexibility of the C tail, disrupting its normal hydrogen-bonding pattern. The observed pH-dependent conformational changes significantly enlarge the positively charged regions around the client-binding site of ERp44 at low pH. Mutational analyses showed that ERp44 forms mixed disulfides with specific cysteines residing on negatively charged loop regions of Ero1α. We propose that the protonation states of the essential histidines regulate the ERp44-client interaction by altering the C-tail dynamics and surface electrostatic potential of ERp44.
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28
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Crystal Structure of the ERp44-Peroxiredoxin 4 Complex Reveals the Molecular Mechanisms of Thiol-Mediated Protein Retention. Structure 2016; 24:1755-1765. [PMID: 27642162 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
ERp44 controls the localization and transport of diverse proteins in the early secretory pathway. The mechanisms that allow client recognition and the source of the oxidative power for forming intermolecular disulfides are as yet unknown. Here we present the structure of ERp44 bound to a client, peroxiredoxin 4. Our data reveal that ERp44 binds the oxidized form of peroxiredoxin 4 via thiol-disulfide interchange reactions. The structure explains the redox-dependent recognition and characterizes the essential non-covalent interactions at the interface. The ERp44-Prx4 covalent complexes can be reduced by glutathione and protein disulfide isomerase family members in the ER, allowing the two components to recycle. This work provides insights into the mechanisms of thiol-mediated protein retention and indicates the key roles of ERp44 in this biochemical cycle to optimize oxidative folding and redox homeostasis.
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29
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Ronzoni R, Berardelli R, Medicina D, Sitia R, Gooptu B, Fra AM. Aberrant disulphide bonding contributes to the ER retention of alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency variants. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 25:642-50. [PMID: 26647313 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) can cause the protein to polymerise and be retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of hepatocytes. The ensuing systemic AAT deficiency leads to pulmonary emphysema, while intracellular polymers are toxic and cause chronic liver disease. The severity of this process varies considerably between individuals, suggesting the involvement of mechanistic co-factors and potential for therapeutically beneficial interventions. We show in Hepa1.6 cells that the mildly polymerogenic I (Arg39Cys) AAT mutant forms aberrant inter- and intra-molecular disulphide bonds involving the acquired Cys39 and the only cysteine residue in the wild-type (M) sequence (Cys232). Substitution of Cys39 to serine partially restores secretion, showing that disulphide bonding contributes to the intracellular retention of I AAT. Covalent homodimers mediated by inter-Cys232 bonding alone are also observed in cells expressing the common Z and other polymerising AAT variants where conformational behaviour is abnormal, but not in those expressing M AAT. Prevention of such disulphide linkage through the introduction of the Cys232Ser mutation or by treatment of cells with reducing agents increases Z AAT secretion. Our results reveal that disulphide interactions enhance intracellular accumulation of AAT mutants and implicate the oxidative ER state as a pathogenic co-factor. Redox modulation, e.g. by anti-oxidant strategies, may therefore be beneficial in AAT deficiency-associated liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Ronzoni
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Romina Berardelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | | | - Bibek Gooptu
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology/Crystallography, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK and Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College, London, UK
| | - Anna Maria Fra
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy,
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