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Wei L, Lv Q, Wang Q, Zhu Y, Ding F. Potential molecular mechanisms of Huangqin Tang for liver cancer treatment by network pharmacology and molecular dynamics simulations. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38785131 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2024.2353641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the mechanism of Huangqin Tang in treating liver cancer. METHODS Active ingredients and corresponding targets of Huangqin Tang were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database. Differentially expressed genes in liver cancer were identified from mRNA expression data. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using differentially expressed genes and Huangqin Tang targets. Random walk with restart (RWR) analysis was performed on the PPI network. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were conducted. A drug-active ingredient-gene interaction network was established, and molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were performed. Finally, the stability of binding between CDK1 and oroxylin was tested according to cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA). RESULTS 160 active ingredients, 239 targets, and 1093 differentially expressed genes were identified. RWR analysis identified 10 potential targets for liver cancer. Enrichment analysis revealed protein kinase regulator activity and Steroid hormone biosynthesis as significant pathways. Molecular docking suggested a stable complex between oroxylin A and CDK1. CETSA demonstrated that the combination of oroxylin A and CDK1 increased the stability of CDK1, and the combination efficiency was high. CONCLUSION Huangqin Tang may treat liver cancer by targeting CDK1 with oroxylin A. Protein kinase regulator activity and Steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways may play a role in liver cancer treatment with Huangqin Tang. This study provides insight into the mechanistic basis of Huangqin Tang for liver cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliang Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiuqiong Lv
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yibo Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Ding
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
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2
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Choi J, Ceribelli M, Phelan JD, Häupl B, Huang DW, Wright GW, Hsiao T, Morris V, Ciccarese F, Wang B, Corcoran S, Scheich S, Yu X, Xu W, Yang Y, Zhao H, Zhou J, Zhang G, Muppidi J, Inghirami GG, Oellerich T, Wilson WH, Thomas CJ, Staudt LM. Molecular targets of glucocorticoids that elucidate their therapeutic efficacy in aggressive lymphomas. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:833-849.e12. [PMID: 38701792 PMCID: PMC11168741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids have been used for decades to treat lymphomas without an established mechanism of action. Using functional genomic, proteomic, and chemical screens, we discover that glucocorticoids inhibit oncogenic signaling by the B cell receptor (BCR), a recurrent feature of aggressive B cell malignancies, including diffuse large B cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma. Glucocorticoids induce the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) to directly transactivate genes encoding negative regulators of BCR stability (LAPTM5; KLHL14) and the PI3 kinase pathway (INPP5D; DDIT4). GR directly represses transcription of CSK, a kinase that limits the activity of BCR-proximal Src-family kinases. CSK inhibition attenuates the constitutive BCR signaling of lymphomas by hyperactivating Src-family kinases, triggering their ubiquitination and degradation. With the knowledge that glucocorticoids disable oncogenic BCR signaling, they can now be deployed rationally to treat BCR-dependent aggressive lymphomas and used to construct mechanistically sound combination regimens with inhibitors of BTK, PI3 kinase, BCL2, and CSK.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Glucocorticoids/pharmacology
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/metabolism
- Animals
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/metabolism
- Mice
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Burkitt Lymphoma/drug therapy
- Burkitt Lymphoma/genetics
- Burkitt Lymphoma/metabolism
- Burkitt Lymphoma/pathology
- Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- src-Family Kinases/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewoo Choi
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michele Ceribelli
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James D Phelan
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Björn Häupl
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Da Wei Huang
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - George W Wright
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tony Hsiao
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vivian Morris
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Francesco Ciccarese
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Boya Wang
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sean Corcoran
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sebastian Scheich
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt, University Hospital, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Xin Yu
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Weihong Xu
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yandan Yang
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hong Zhao
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joyce Zhou
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Grace Zhang
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jagan Muppidi
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Giorgio G Inghirami
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Thomas Oellerich
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Wyndham H Wilson
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Craig J Thomas
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Louis M Staudt
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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3
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Gonzalez-Aponte MF, Damato AR, Simon T, Aripova N, Darby F, Rubin JB, Herzog ED. Daily glucocorticoids promote glioblastoma growth and circadian synchrony to the host. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.03.592418. [PMID: 38766060 PMCID: PMC11100585 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.03.592418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults with a poor prognosis despite aggressive therapy. A recent, retrospective clinical study found that administering Temozolomide in the morning increased patient overall survival by 6 months compared to evening. Here, we tested the hypothesis that daily host signaling regulates tumor growth and synchronizes circadian rhythms in GBM. We found daily Dexamethasone promoted or suppressed GBM growth depending on time of day of administration and on the clock gene, Bmal1. Blocking circadian signals, like VIP or glucocorticoids, dramatically slowed GBM growth and disease progression. Finally, mouse and human GBM models have intrinsic circadian rhythms in clock gene expression in vitro and in vivo that entrain to the host through glucocorticoid signaling, regardless of tumor type or host immune status. We conclude that GBM entrains to the circadian circuit of the brain, which modulates its growth through clockcontrolled cues, like glucocorticoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria F. Gonzalez-Aponte
- Department of Biology, Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Anna R. Damato
- Department of Biology, Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Tatiana Simon
- Department of Biology, Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Nigina Aripova
- Department of Biology, Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Fabrizio Darby
- Department of Biology, Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Joshua B. Rubin
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Louis Children’s Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Erik D. Herzog
- Department of Biology, Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
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4
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Wu J, Dong L, Xiang J, Di G. Static electric field exposure decreases white blood cell count in peripheral blood through activating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:305-315. [PMID: 36409881 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2148636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With the development of ultra-high-voltage (UHV) direct-current (DC) transmission, the health risk from the static electric field (SEF) generated by UHV DC transmission lines has drawn public attention. To investigate the effect of SEF exposure on white blood cell (WBC) count, mice were exposed to 56.3 kV/m SEF. Results revealed that total WBC count and lymphocyte count significantly decreased and serum levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone (CORT) significantly increased after the exposure of 7d and 14d. All indices above recovered after the exposure of 21d. Analysis showed that the exposure of 7d and 14d could activate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The increased CORT could bind to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in lymphocytes, and then promote the migration and apoptosis of lymphocytes. After the exposure of 21d, the magnitude of HPA axis activation declined through CORT-mediated negative feedback and the regulation of stress-related neural circuitry, so WBC count recovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Wu
- Institute of Environmental Process, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Dong
- Institute of Environmental Process, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junli Xiang
- Institute of Environmental Process, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoqing Di
- Institute of Environmental Process, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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5
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Elshafie NO, Gribskov M, Lichti NI, Sayedahmed EE, Childress MO, dos Santos AP. miRNome expression analysis in canine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1238613. [PMID: 37711209 PMCID: PMC10499539 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1238613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lymphoma is a common canine cancer with translational relevance to human disease. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most frequent subtype, contributing to almost fifty percent of clinically recognized lymphoma cases. Identifying new biomarkers capable of early diagnosis and monitoring DLBCL is crucial for enhancing remission rates. This research seeks to advance our knowledge of the molecular biology of DLBCL by analyzing the expression of microRNAs, which regulate gene expression by negatively impacting gene expression via targeted RNA degradation or translational repression. The stability and accessibility of microRNAs make them appropriate biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of diseases. Methods We extracted and sequenced microRNAs from ten fresh-frozen lymph node tissue samples (six DLBCL and four non-neoplastic). Results Small RNA sequencing data analysis revealed 35 differently expressed miRNAs (DEMs) compared to controls. RT-qPCR confirmed that 23/35 DEMs in DLBCL were significantly upregulated (n = 14) or downregulated (n = 9). Statistical significance was determined by comparing each miRNA's average expression fold-change (2-Cq) between the DLCBL and healthy groups by applying the unpaired parametric Welch's 2-sample t-test and false discovery rate (FDR). The predicted target genes of the DEMs were mainly enriched in the PI3K-Akt-MAPK pathway. Discussion Our data point to the potential value of miRNA signatures as diagnostic biomarkers and serve as a guideline for subsequent experimental studies to determine the targets and functions of these altered miRNAs in canine DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelly O. Elshafie
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Michael Gribskov
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Nathanael I. Lichti
- Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Ekramy. E. Sayedahmed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Michael O. Childress
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Andrea P. dos Santos
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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6
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Van der Zwet JCG, Cordo' V, Buijs-Gladdines JGCAM, Hagelaar R, Smits WK, Vroegindeweij E, Graus LTM, Poort V, Nulle M, Pieters R, Meijerink JPP. STAT5 does not drive steroid resistance in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia despite the activation of BCL2 and BCLXL following glucocorticoid treatment. Haematologica 2023; 108:732-746. [PMID: 35734930 PMCID: PMC9973477 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2021.280405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological and pathogenic interleukin-7-receptor (IL7R)-induced signaling provokes glucocorticoid resistance in a subset of patients with pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Activation of downstream STAT5 has been suggested to cause steroid resistance through upregulation of anti-apoptotic BCL2, one of its downstream target genes. Here we demonstrate that isolated STAT5 signaling in various T-ALL cell models is insufficient to raise cellular steroid resistance despite upregulation of BCL2 and BCL-XL. Upregulation of anti-apoptotic BCL2 and BCLXL in STAT5-activated T-ALL cells requires steroid-induced activation of NR3C1. For the BCLXL locus, this is facilitated by a concerted action of NR3C1 and activated STAT5 molecules at two STAT5 regulatory sites, whereas for the BCL2 locus this is facilitated by binding of NR3C1 at a STAT5 binding motif. In contrast, STAT5 occupancy at glucocorticoid response elements does not affect the expression of NR3C1 target genes. Strong upregulation of BIM, a NR3C1 pro-apoptotic target gene, upon prednisolone treatment can counterbalance NR3C1/STAT5-induced BCL2 and BCL-XL expression downstream of IL7- induced or pathogenic IL7R signaling. This explains why isolated STAT5 activation does not directly impair the steroid response. Our study suggests that STAT5 activation only contributes to steroid resistance in combination with cellular defects or alternative signaling routes that disable the pro-apoptotic and steroid-induced BIM response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rico Hagelaar
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht
| | | | | | | | - Vera Poort
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht
| | - Marloes Nulle
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht
| | - Rob Pieters
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht
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7
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Obrador E, Salvador-Palmer R, López-Blanch R, Oriol-Caballo M, Moreno-Murciano P, Estrela JM. Survival Mechanisms of Metastatic Melanoma Cells: The Link between Glucocorticoids and the Nrf2-Dependent Antioxidant Defense System. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030418. [PMID: 36766760 PMCID: PMC9913432 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating glucocorticoids increase during stress. Chronic stress, characterized by a sustained increase in serum levels of cortisol, has been associated in different cases with an increased risk of cancer and a worse prognosis. Glucocorticoids can promote gluconeogenesis, mobilization of amino acids, fat breakdown, and impair the body's immune response. Therefore, conditions that may favor cancer growth and the acquisition of radio- and chemo-resistance. We found that glucocorticoid receptor knockdown diminishes the antioxidant protection of murine B16-F10 (highly metastatic) melanoma cells, thus leading to a drastic decrease in their survival during interaction with the vascular endothelium. The BRAFV600E mutation is the most commonly observed in melanoma patients. Recent studies revealed that VMF/PLX40-32 (vemurafenib, a selective inhibitor of mutant BRAFV600E) increases mitochondrial respiration and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in BRAFV600E human melanoma cell lines. Early-stage cancer cells lacking Nrf2 generate high ROS levels and exhibit a senescence-like growth arrest. Thus, it is likely that a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist (RU486) could increase the efficacy of BRAF-related therapy in BRAFV600E-mutated melanoma. In fact, during early progression of skin melanoma metastases, RU486 and VMF induced metastases regression. However, treatment at an advanced stage of growth found resistance to RU486 and VMF. This resistance was mechanistically linked to overexpression of proteins of the Bcl-2 family (Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 in different human models). Moreover, melanoma resistance was decreased if AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways were blocked. These findings highlight mechanisms by which metastatic melanoma cells adapt to survive and could help in the development of most effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Obrador
- Cell Pathophysiology Unit (UFC), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Scientia BioTech S.L., 46002 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.O.); (J.M.E.); Tel.: +34-963864646 (J.M.E.)
| | - Rosario Salvador-Palmer
- Cell Pathophysiology Unit (UFC), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael López-Blanch
- Cell Pathophysiology Unit (UFC), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Scientia BioTech S.L., 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - María Oriol-Caballo
- Cell Pathophysiology Unit (UFC), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Scientia BioTech S.L., 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - José M. Estrela
- Cell Pathophysiology Unit (UFC), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Scientia BioTech S.L., 46002 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.O.); (J.M.E.); Tel.: +34-963864646 (J.M.E.)
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8
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Wang X, Tang M, Zhang Y, Li Y, Mao J, Deng Q, Li S, Jia Z, Du L. Dexamethasone enhances glucose uptake by SGLT1 and GLUT1 and boosts ATP generation through the PPP-TCA cycle in bovine neutrophils. J Vet Sci 2022; 23:e76. [PMID: 36174980 PMCID: PMC9523333 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.22112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical dexamethasone (DEX) treatment or stress in bovines results in extensive physiological changes with prominent hyperglycemia and neutrophils dysfunction. Objectives To elucidate the effects of DEX treatment in vivo on cellular energy status and the underlying mechanism in circulating neutrophils. Methods We selected eight-month-old male bovines and injected DEX for 3 consecutive days (1 time/d). The levels of glucose, total protein (TP), total cholesterol (TC), and the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in blood were examined, and we then detected glycogen and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, phosphofructosekinase-1 (PFK1) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity, glucose transporter (GLUT)1, GLUT4, sodium/glucose cotransporter (SGLT)1 and citrate synthase (CS) protein expression and autophagy levels in circulating neutrophils. Results DEX injection markedly increased blood glucose, TP and TC levels, the Ca2+/P5+ ratio and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and significantly decreased blood IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Particularly in neutrophils, DEX injection inhibited p65-NFκB activation and elevated glycogen and ATP contents and SGLT1, GLUT1 and GR expression while inhibiting PFK1 activity, enhancing G6PDH activity and CS expression and lowering cell autophagy levels. Conclusions DEX induced neutrophils glucose uptake by enhancing SGLT1 and GLUT1 expression and the transformation of energy metabolism from glycolysis to pentose phosphate pathway (PPP)-tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. This finding gives us a new perspective on deeper understanding of clinical anti-inflammatory effects of DEX on bovine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Mingyu Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Yuming Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China.,Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Herbivorous Livestock Perinatal Diseases, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Yansong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Jingdong Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Qinghua Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China.,Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Herbivorous Livestock Perinatal Diseases, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Shusen Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Zhenwei Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Liyin Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China.,Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Herbivorous Livestock Perinatal Diseases, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China.
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9
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Clinical interaction between dexamethasone and aprepitant in chemotherapy for lymphoma. Ann Hematol 2022; 101:1211-1216. [PMID: 35403851 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-022-04832-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Aprepitant (Apr) is an effective antiemetic agent for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Current CINV guidelines recommend the antiemetic combination of a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, Apr, and dexamethasone (Dex) for highly emetogenic chemotherapies. Apr inhibits CYP3A4 dose-dependently. Since Dex is metabolized by CYP3A4, the combined use of Apr and Dex inhibits Dex metabolism. CINV guidelines therefore recommend dose-reduction of Dex when Apr and Dex are used together. However, there is some controversy over whether or not Dex should be reduced when administered as an antitumor agent for lymphoid malignancies. We retrospectively compared the antitumor effect of Dex-containing chemotherapy in which Dex is administered at the usual dose without Apr (group A) or administered at a half-dose in combination with Apr (group B). We analyzed 62 consecutive patients with refractory or relapsed CD20 + B cell lymphoma who received R-DHAP therapy in our hospital, including 29 and 33 cases in groups A and B, respectively. The response rate at the end of the first course of R-DHAP was 62.1% and 54.5%, respectively (P = 0.61). As another endpoint to evaluate the effect of Dex, group B tended to show greater suppression of the lymphocyte count (P = 0.05). Therefore, decreasing the dose of Dex by half appeared to be reasonable when combined with Apr.
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10
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Kośmider K, Karska K, Kozakiewicz A, Lejman M, Zawitkowska J. Overcoming Steroid Resistance in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia-The State-of-the-Art Knowledge and Future Prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073795. [PMID: 35409154 PMCID: PMC8999045 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy among children. Despite the enormous progress in ALL therapy, resulting in achieving a 5-year survival rate of up to 90%, the ambitious goal of reaching a 100% survival rate is still being pursued. A typical ALL treatment includes three phases: remission induction and consolidation and maintenance, preceded by a prednisone prephase. Poor prednisone response (PPR) is defined as the presence of ≥1.0 × 109 blasts/L in the peripheral blood on day eight of therapy and results in significantly frequent relapses and worse outcomes. Hence, identifying risk factors of steroid resistance and finding methods of overcoming that resistance may significantly improve patients' outcomes. A mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK-ERK) pathway seems to be a particularly attractive target, as its activation leads to steroid resistance via a phosphorylating Bcl-2-interacting mediator of cell death (BIM), which is crucial in the steroid-induced cell death. Several mutations causing activation of MAPK-ERK were discovered, notably the interleukin-7 receptor (IL-7R) pathway mutations in T-cell ALL and rat sarcoma virus (Ras) pathway mutations in precursor B-cell ALL. MAPK-ERK pathway inhibitors were demonstrated to enhance the results of dexamethasone therapy in preclinical ALL studies. This report summarizes steroids' mechanism of action, resistance to treatment, and prospects of steroids therapy in pediatric ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kośmider
- Student Scientific Society, Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Katarzyna Karska
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University of Lublin, Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Agata Kozakiewicz
- Student Scientific Society, Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Monika Lejman
- Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Joanna Zawitkowska
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University of Lublin, Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence:
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11
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Kawasaki N, Yamashita-Kashima Y, Fujimura T, Yoshiura S, Harada N, Kondoh O, Yoshimura Y. Resistance to obinutuzumab-induced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity caused by abnormal Fas signaling is overcome by combination therapies. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:4421-4433. [PMID: 35218445 PMCID: PMC9262784 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07280-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Obinutuzumab, a Type II anti-CD20 antibody, is used to treat follicular lymphoma. A major mode of action of obinutuzumab is antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Knowledge of the mechanisms of resistance to obinutuzumab is important for the development of next-line strategies to follow obinutuzumab-containing therapy, including obinutuzumab retreatment. Unfortunately, the mechanisms by which tumor cells acquire resistance to ADCC are still poorly understood. To address this, we examined the mechanisms of resistance to obinutuzumab-induced ADCC and the combination efficacy of obinutuzumab and clinically available agents in the established resistant cells. Methods and results We established cells resistant to obinutuzumab-induced ADCC using the non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell line RL and examined their mechanisms of resistance and the combination efficacy of obinutuzumab and clinically available agents. Comprehensive analysis by RNA sequencing of resistance mechanisms revealed that abnormal Fas signaling decreased sensitivity to ADCC in resistant clones. Combination treatment with prednisolone, a component of CHOP and CVP, was found to enhance ADCC sensitivity of RL cells and resistant clones and to significantly suppress tumor growth in xenograft models. Treatment with prednisolone upregulated expression of CD20 and an apoptosis-inducing protein BIM, which might augment perforin/granzyme B-mediated cell death. Furthermore, pretreatment of the effector cells with bendamustine enhanced ADCC activity, and treatment with obinutuzumab plus bendamustine showed significant antitumor efficacy in xenograft models. It was speculated that bendamustine upregulates ADCC activity by potentiating granules-mediated cell killing. Conclusions Our study revealed a novel mechanism underlying obinutuzumab-induced ADCC resistance and indicated that ADCC resistance could be overcome by combining obinutuzumab with prednisolone or bendamustine. This study provides a scientific rationale for obinutuzumab-retreatment in combination with clinically available chemotherapeutic agents for obinutuzumab resistant follicular lymphoma. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11033-022-07280-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Kawasaki
- Product Research Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Yoriko Yamashita-Kashima
- Product Research Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan.
| | - Takaaki Fujimura
- Product Research Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Shigeki Yoshiura
- Product Research Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Naoki Harada
- Product Research Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Osamu Kondoh
- Product Research Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yoshimura
- Product Research Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
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12
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Kalfeist L, Galland L, Ledys F, Ghiringhelli F, Limagne E, Ladoire S. Impact of Glucocorticoid Use in Oncology in the Immunotherapy Era. Cells 2022; 11:770. [PMID: 35269392 PMCID: PMC8909189 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Thanks to their anti-inflammatory, anti-oedema, and anti-allergy properties, glucocorticoids are among the most widely prescribed drugs in patients with cancer. The indications for glucocorticoid use are very wide and varied in the context of cancer and include the symptomatic management of cancer-related symptoms (compression, pain, oedema, altered general state) but also prevention or treatment of common side effects of anti-cancer therapies (nausea, allergies, etc.) or immune-related adverse events (irAE). In this review, we first give an overview of the different clinical situations where glucocorticoids are used in oncology. Next, we describe the current state of knowledge regarding the effects of these molecules on immune response, in particular anti-tumour response, and we summarize available data evaluating how these effects may interfere with the efficacy of immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kalfeist
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Georges-Francois Leclerc Center, 21000 Dijon, France; (L.K.); (L.G.); (F.L.); (F.G.); (E.L.)
- UMR INSERM 1231 “Lipides Nutrition Cancer”, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Loïck Galland
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Georges-Francois Leclerc Center, 21000 Dijon, France; (L.K.); (L.G.); (F.L.); (F.G.); (E.L.)
- UMR INSERM 1231 “Lipides Nutrition Cancer”, 21000 Dijon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges-François Leclerc Center, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Fanny Ledys
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Georges-Francois Leclerc Center, 21000 Dijon, France; (L.K.); (L.G.); (F.L.); (F.G.); (E.L.)
- UMR INSERM 1231 “Lipides Nutrition Cancer”, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Georges-Francois Leclerc Center, 21000 Dijon, France; (L.K.); (L.G.); (F.L.); (F.G.); (E.L.)
- UMR INSERM 1231 “Lipides Nutrition Cancer”, 21000 Dijon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges-François Leclerc Center, 21000 Dijon, France
- School of Medicine, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Emeric Limagne
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Georges-Francois Leclerc Center, 21000 Dijon, France; (L.K.); (L.G.); (F.L.); (F.G.); (E.L.)
- UMR INSERM 1231 “Lipides Nutrition Cancer”, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Sylvain Ladoire
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Georges-Francois Leclerc Center, 21000 Dijon, France; (L.K.); (L.G.); (F.L.); (F.G.); (E.L.)
- UMR INSERM 1231 “Lipides Nutrition Cancer”, 21000 Dijon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges-François Leclerc Center, 21000 Dijon, France
- School of Medicine, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
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13
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van der Zwet JCG, Buijs-Gladdines JGCAM, Cordo' V, Debets DO, Smits WK, Chen Z, Dylus J, Zaman GJR, Altelaar M, Oshima K, Bornhauser B, Bourquin JP, Cools J, Ferrando AA, Vormoor J, Pieters R, Vormoor B, Meijerink JPP. MAPK-ERK is a central pathway in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia that drives steroid resistance. Leukemia 2021; 35:3394-3405. [PMID: 34007050 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01291-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
(Patho-)physiological activation of the IL7-receptor (IL7R) signaling contributes to steroid resistance in pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Here, we show that activating IL7R pathway mutations and physiological IL7R signaling activate MAPK-ERK signaling, which provokes steroid resistance by phosphorylation of BIM. By mass spectrometry, we demonstrate that phosphorylated BIM is impaired in binding to BCL2, BCLXL and MCL1, shifting the apoptotic balance toward survival. Treatment with MEK inhibitors abolishes this inactivating phosphorylation of BIM and restores its interaction with anti-apoptotic BCL2-protein family members. Importantly, the MEK inhibitor selumetinib synergizes with steroids in both IL7-dependent and IL7-independent steroid resistant pediatric T-ALL PDX samples. Despite the anti-MAPK-ERK activity of ruxolitinib in IL7-induced signaling and JAK1 mutant cells, ruxolitinib only synergizes with steroid treatment in IL7-dependent steroid resistant PDX samples but not in IL7-independent steroid resistant PDX samples. Our study highlights the central role for MAPK-ERK signaling in steroid resistance in T-ALL patients, and demonstrates the broader application of MEK inhibitors over ruxolitinib to resensitize steroid-resistant T-ALL cells. These findings strongly support the enrollment of T-ALL patients in the current phase I/II SeluDex trial (NCT03705507) and contributes to the optimization and stratification of newly designed T-ALL treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valentina Cordo'
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Donna O Debets
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center of Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Willem K Smits
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Zhongli Chen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jelle Dylus
- Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V., Oss, the Netherlands
| | - Guido J R Zaman
- Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V., Oss, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten Altelaar
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center of Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Koichi Oshima
- Institute of Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Beat Bornhauser
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Pierre Bourquin
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Cools
- KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics & VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adolfo A Ferrando
- Institute of Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Josef Vormoor
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rob Pieters
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Britta Vormoor
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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14
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Spaan I, Timmerman LM, Kimman T, Slomp A, Cuenca M, van Nieuwenhuijzen N, Moesbergen LM, Minnema MC, Raymakers RA, Peperzak V. Direct P70S6K1 inhibition to replace dexamethasone in synergistic combination with MCL-1 inhibition in multiple myeloma. Blood Adv 2021; 5:2593-2607. [PMID: 34152396 PMCID: PMC8270664 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel combination therapies have markedly improved the lifespan of patients with multiple myeloma (MM), but drug resistance and disease relapse remain major clinical problems. Dexamethasone and other glucocorticoids are a cornerstone of conventional and new combination therapies for MM, although their use is accompanied by serious side effects. We aimed to uncover drug combinations that act in synergy and, as such, allow reduced dosing while remaining effective. Dexamethasone and the myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL-1) inhibitor S63845 (MCL-1i) proved the most potent combination in our lethality screen and induced apoptosis of human myeloma cell lines (HMCLs) that was 50% higher compared with an additive drug effect. Kinome analysis of dexamethasone-treated HMCLs revealed a reduction in serine/threonine peptide phosphorylation, which was predicted to result from reduced Akt activity. Biochemical techniques showed no dexamethasone-induced effects on FOXO protein or GSK3 but did show a 50% reduction in P70S6K phosphorylation, downstream of the Akt-mTORC1 axis. Replacing dexamethasone by the P70S6K1 isoform-specific inhibitor PF-4708671 (S6K1i) revealed similar and statistically significant synergistic apoptosis of HMCLs in combination with MCL-1i. Interestingly, apoptosis induced by the P70S6K1i and MCL-1i combination was more-than-additive in all 9 primary MM samples tested; this effect was observed for 6 of 9 samples with the dexamethasone and MCL-1i combination. Toxicity on stem and progenitor cell subsets remained minimal. Combined, our results show a strong rationale for combination treatments using the P70S6K inhibitor in MM. Direct and specific inhibition of P70S6K may also provide a solution for patients ineligible or insensitive to dexamethasone or other glucocorticoids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Niels van Nieuwenhuijzen
- Center for Translational Immunology and
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Monique C Minnema
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Reinier A Raymakers
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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15
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Noureddine LM, Trédan O, Hussein N, Badran B, Le Romancer M, Poulard C. Glucocorticoid Receptor: A Multifaceted Actor in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094446. [PMID: 33923160 PMCID: PMC8123001 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide. Even though the role of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is extensively documented in the development of breast tumors, other members of the nuclear receptor family have emerged as important players. Synthetic glucocorticoids (GCs) such as dexamethasone (dex) are commonly used in BC for their antiemetic, anti-inflammatory, as well as energy and appetite stimulating properties, and to manage the side effects of chemotherapy. However, dex triggers different effects depending on the BC subtype. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is also an important marker in BC, as high GR expression is correlated with a poor and good prognosis in ERα-negative and ERα-positive BCs, respectively. Indeed, though it drives the expression of pro-tumorigenic genes in ERα-negative BCs and is involved in resistance to chemotherapy and metastasis formation, dex inhibits estrogen-mediated cell proliferation in ERα-positive BCs. Recently, a new natural ligand for GR called OCDO was identified. OCDO is a cholesterol metabolite with oncogenic properties, triggering mammary cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we summarize recent data on GR signaling and its involvement in tumoral breast tissue, via its different ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Malik Noureddine
- Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France; (L.M.N.); (O.T.); (M.L.R.)
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadat-Beirut 90656, Lebanon; (N.H.); (B.B.)
| | - Olivier Trédan
- Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France; (L.M.N.); (O.T.); (M.L.R.)
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- Centre Leon Bérard, Oncology Department, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - Nader Hussein
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadat-Beirut 90656, Lebanon; (N.H.); (B.B.)
| | - Bassam Badran
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadat-Beirut 90656, Lebanon; (N.H.); (B.B.)
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France; (L.M.N.); (O.T.); (M.L.R.)
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - Coralie Poulard
- Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France; (L.M.N.); (O.T.); (M.L.R.)
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-478-786-663; Fax: +33-478-782-720
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16
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Roderick JE, Gallagher KM, Murphy LC, O'Connor KW, Tang K, Zhang B, Brehm MA, Greiner DL, Yu J, Zhu LJ, Green MR, Kelliher MA. Prostaglandin E2 stimulates cAMP signaling and resensitizes human leukemia cells to glucocorticoid-induced cell death. Blood 2021; 137:500-512. [PMID: 33507291 PMCID: PMC7845005 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020005712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid (GC) resistance remains a clinical challenge in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia where response to GC is a reliable prognostic indicator. To identify GC resistance pathways, we conducted a genome-wide, survival-based, short hairpin RNA screen in murine T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cells. Genes identified in the screen interfere with cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling and are underexpressed in GC-resistant or relapsed ALL patients. Silencing of the cAMP-activating Gnas gene interfered with GC-induced gene expression, resulting in dexamethasone resistance in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that cAMP signaling synergizes with dexamethasone to enhance cell death in GC-resistant human T-ALL cells. We find the E prostanoid receptor 4 expressed in T-ALL samples and demonstrate that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) increases intracellular cAMP, potentiates GC-induced gene expression, and sensitizes human T-ALL samples to dexamethasone in vitro and in vivo. These findings identify PGE2 as a target for GC resensitization in relapsed pediatric T-ALL.
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MESH Headings
- 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine/pharmacology
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Child
- Chromogranins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Colforsin/pharmacology
- Cyclic AMP/pharmacology
- Cyclic AMP/physiology
- Dexamethasone/administration & dosage
- Dexamethasone/pharmacology
- Dinoprostone/administration & dosage
- Dinoprostone/antagonists & inhibitors
- Dinoprostone/pharmacology
- Dinoprostone/physiology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/physiology
- Female
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs/antagonists & inhibitors
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs/deficiency
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/drug effects
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Models, Animal
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy
- Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/metabolism
- Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/pathology
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology
- Radiation Chimera
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/genetics
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/physiology
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/genetics
- Second Messenger Systems/drug effects
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael A Brehm
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Dale L Greiner
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology
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17
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Clarisse D, Offner F, De Bosscher K. Latest perspectives on glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis and resistance in lymphoid malignancies. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188430. [PMID: 32950642 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are essential drugs in the treatment protocols of lymphoid malignancies. These steroidal hormones trigger apoptosis of the malignant cells by binding to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Long term glucocorticoid treatment is limited by two major problems: the development of glucocorticoid-related side effects, which hampers patient quality of life, and the emergence of glucocorticoid resistance, which is a gradual process that is inevitable in many patients. This emphasizes the need to reevaluate and optimize the widespread use of glucocorticoids in lymphoid malignancies. To achieve this goal, a deep understanding of the mechanisms governing glucocorticoid responsiveness is required, yet, a recent comprehensive overview is currently lacking. In this review, we examine how glucocorticoids mediate apoptosis by detailing GR's genomic and non-genomic action mechanisms in lymphoid malignancies. We continue with a discussion of the glucocorticoid-related problems and how these are intertwined with one another. We further zoom in on glucocorticoid resistance by critically analyzing the plethora of proposed mechanisms and highlighting therapeutic opportunities that emerge from these studies. In conclusion, early detection of glucocorticoid resistance in patients remains an important challenge as this would result in a timelier treatment reorientation and reduced glucocorticoid-instigated side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorien Clarisse
- Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Fritz Offner
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.
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18
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Glucocorticoids can induce BIM to trigger apoptosis in the absence of BAX and BAK1. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:442. [PMID: 32513923 PMCID: PMC7280233 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2599-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cells from two murine lymphoid lines died 24-48 h after treatment with the glucocorticoid dexamethasone. Deletion of Bax and Bak1 prevented rapid apoptosis, but treatment with dexamethasone for greater 6 days still led to cell death that was characterized by release of cytochrome c into the cytosol, activation of caspases, and loss of cell membrane integrity. In WEHI7 thymoma cells, this did not occur when Bcl2l11 (Bim) was deleted in addition to Bax and Bak1. When these triple mutant lines were exposed to dexamethasone for 10 days, they arrested, but after dexamethasone was removed, they had 10-fold higher clone forming efficiency than Bax/Bak1 double knock-out cells. Although induced over-expression of BIMs alone was not sufficient to induce the death of Bax-/-Bak1-/-Bim-/- cells, they did die when BIMs was induced in the presence of dexamethasone. These results suggest that dexamethasone induces production of BIM together with other, as yet unidentified proteins, that cause release of cytochrome c and apoptosis in the absence of BAX and BAK1.
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19
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Toscan CE, Jing D, Mayoh C, Lock RB. Reversal of glucocorticoid resistance in paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is dependent on restoring BIM expression. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:1769-1781. [PMID: 32242100 PMCID: PMC7283241 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0824-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common paediatric malignancy. Glucocorticoids form a critical component of chemotherapy regimens and resistance to glucocorticoid therapy is predictive of poor outcome. We have previously shown that glucocorticoid resistance is associated with upregulation of the oncogene C-MYC and failure to induce the proapoptotic gene BIM. METHODS A high-throughput screening (HTS) campaign was carried out to identify glucocorticoid sensitisers against an ALL xenograft derived from a glucocorticoid-resistant paediatric patient. Gene expression analysis was carried out using Illumina microarrays. Efficacy, messenger RNA and protein analysis were carried out by Resazurin assay, reverse transcription-PCR and immunoblotting, respectively. RESULTS A novel glucocorticoid sensitiser, 2-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)thio)-N-isopropyl-N-phenylacetamide (GCS-3), was identified from the HTS campaign. The sensitising effect was specific to glucocorticoids and synergy was observed in a range of dexamethasone-resistant and dexamethasone-sensitive xenografts representative of B-ALL, T-ALL and Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL. GCS-3 in combination with dexamethasone downregulated C-MYC and significantly upregulated BIM expression in a glucocorticoid-resistant ALL xenograft. The GCS-3/dexamethasone combination significantly increased binding of the glucocorticoid receptor to a novel BIM enhancer, which is associated with glucocorticoid sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS This study describes the potential of the novel glucocorticoid sensitiser, GCS-3, as a biological tool to interrogate glucocorticoid action and resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara E Toscan
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Duohui Jing
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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20
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Xiao H, Ding Y, Gao Y, Wang LM, Wang H, Ding L, Li X, Yu X, Huang H. Haploinsufficiency of NR3C1 drives glucocorticoid resistance in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells by down-regulating the mitochondrial apoptosis axis, and is sensitive to Bcl-2 blockage. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:218. [PMID: 31462891 PMCID: PMC6708234 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0940-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Relapse represents the leading cause of death in both child and adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Development of chemo-resistance is ultimately responsible for treatment failure and relapse, therefore understanding the molecular basis underlying resistance is imperative for developing innovative treatment strategies. Glucocorticoids (GCs) such dexamethasone and prednisolone are the backbone of combination chemotherapy regimens for treating all lymphoid tumors. However, the biological mechanisms of primary GC resistance in ALL is not completely understood. We previously performed a longitudinal whole-exome sequencing analysis on diagnosis/relapse pairs from adult patients with ALL. Our data revealed that relapse-specific truncation mutations in the NR3C1 gene, encoding the GC receptor, are frequently detected. Methods In the current study, we used discovery-based strategies including RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and CRISPR/Cas9, followed by confirmatory testing, in human ALL cell lines, bone marrow blast samples from ALL patients and xenograft models, to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for resistance. Results Our results revealed a positive correlation between endogenous expression of NR3C1 in ALL cells and sensitivity to GCs and clinical outcomes. We further confirmed that ectopic expression of NR3C1 in ALL cells could reverse GC resistance, while deletion of NR3C1 confers resistance to GCs in ALL cell lines and xenograft models. RNA-seq analysis revealed a remarkable abundance of gene signatures involved in pathways in cancer, DNA replication, mismatch repair, P53 signalling, cell cycle, and apoptosis regulated by NR3C1. Significantly increased expression of pro-apoptotic genes including BCL2L11/Bim, BMF, BAD, BAX and BOK, and decreased transcription of anti-apoptotic genes including BCL2, BCL2L1 and BAG2 were observed in GC-resistant ALL cells following ectopic expression of NR3C1. Finally, we explored that GC resistance in ALL cells with haploinsufficiency of NR3C1 can be treated with Bcl-2 blockage. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the status of NR3C1 gene mutations and basal expression levels of NR3C1 in ALL cells are associated with sensitivity to GCs and clinical treatment outcomes. Early intervention strategies by rational combination of Bcl-2 blockage may constitute a promising new treatment option to GC-resistant ALL and significantly improving the chances of treating poor prednisone responders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Xiao
- 1Department of Hematology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3 Qingchun East Rd., Hangzhou, 310016 Zhejiang People's Republic of China.,2Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Ding
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- 1Department of Hematology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3 Qingchun East Rd., Hangzhou, 310016 Zhejiang People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Mengmeng Wang
- 2Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People's Republic of China.,4Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang People's Republic of China
| | - Huafang Wang
- 2Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People's Republic of China.,4Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Ding
- 2Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People's Republic of China.,4Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- 2Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People's Republic of China.,4Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Yu
- 2Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People's Republic of China
| | - He Huang
- 2Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People's Republic of China.,4Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang People's Republic of China
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21
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Escoter-Torres L, Caratti G, Mechtidou A, Tuckermann J, Uhlenhaut NH, Vettorazzi S. Fighting the Fire: Mechanisms of Inflammatory Gene Regulation by the Glucocorticoid Receptor. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1859. [PMID: 31440248 PMCID: PMC6693390 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For many decades, glucocorticoids have been widely used as the gold standard treatment for inflammatory conditions. Unfortunately, their clinical use is limited by severe adverse effects such as insulin resistance, cardiometabolic diseases, muscle and skin atrophies, osteoporosis, and depression. Glucocorticoids exert their effects by binding to the Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR), a ligand-activated transcription factor which both positively, and negatively regulates gene expression. Extensive research during the past several years has uncovered novel mechanisms by which the GR activates and represses its target genes. Genome-wide studies and mouse models have provided valuable insight into the molecular mechanisms of inflammatory gene regulation by GR. This review focusses on newly identified target genes and GR co-regulators that are important for its anti-inflammatory effects in innate immune cells, as well as mutations within the GR itself that shed light on its transcriptional activity. This research progress will hopefully serve as the basis for the development of safer immune suppressants with reduced side effect profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Escoter-Torres
- Molecular Endocrinology, Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU), German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Institute for Diabetes and Cancer IDC, Munich, Germany
| | - Giorgio Caratti
- Department of Biology, Institute for Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Aikaterini Mechtidou
- Molecular Endocrinology, Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU), German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Institute for Diabetes and Cancer IDC, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Department of Biology, Institute for Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nina Henriette Uhlenhaut
- Molecular Endocrinology, Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU), German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Institute for Diabetes and Cancer IDC, Munich, Germany.,Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Vettorazzi
- Department of Biology, Institute for Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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22
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Bao S, He D, Zeng J, Zhang Y, Chen S. Effect of miRNA-19a antisense oligonucleotide and Ara-C on the proliferation and apoptosis of HL60 cells. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:260. [PMID: 31355227 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.05.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the effects of microRNA19a (miR-19a) antisense oligonucleotide (ASODN) on the proliferation and apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia cells (HL60). Methods In experiment 1, HL60 cells were divided into the blank control group, the blank transfection group, the scrambled oligonucleotide (SODN) group and the ASODN group. MiR-19a ASODN and SODN were independently transferred into HL60 cells. The miR-19a expression was detected by real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) after 48-h and 72-h transfection; CCK8 assay was used to detect the proliferation inhibition rate at 48 and 72 h; Hoechst 33258 staining was performed to examine apoptotic cells at 48 h; the apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry after AnnexinV/PI staining at 48 and 72 h; the protein expression of E2F1 and Bim was detected by Western blotting at 48 h. In experiment 2, cells were divided into the Ara-C group, the SODN + Ara-C group and the ASODN + Ara-C group. The cell proliferation inhibition rate at 48 and 72 h and apoptosis rate at 72 h were assessed as mentioned above. Results MiR-19a expression in the miR-19a ASODN group was lower than in the SODN group and the blank control group (P<0.05). MiR-19a ASODN significantly inhibited the growth of HL60 cells (P<0.05) and increased their apoptosis, and the apoptosis rate peaked at 48 h. The protein expression of E2F1 and Bim in the ASODN group was higher than in the blank control group, blank transfection group and SODN group. In addition, Ara-C further inhibited the growth and induced the apoptosis of miR-19a ASODN-transfected cells (P<0.05) in a time dependent manner. The growth inhibition rate and apoptosis rate in the ASODN + Ara-C group were higher than the sum of those in both Ara-C group and ASODN group. Conclusions miRNA-19a ASODN can inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of HL60 cells and may exert synergistic effects with Ara-C on HL60 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Bao
- Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518110, China.,Departmemt of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510290, China
| | - Dongmei He
- Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510290, China
| | - Jinrong Zeng
- Departmemt of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510290, China
| | - Yanrong Zhang
- Departmemt of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510290, China
| | - Shengting Chen
- Departmemt of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510290, China
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23
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Kiuchi Z, Nishibori Y, Kutsuna S, Kotani M, Hada I, Kimura T, Fukutomi T, Fukuhara D, Ito-Nitta N, Kudo A, Takata T, Ishigaki Y, Tomosugi N, Tanaka H, Matsushima S, Ogasawara S, Hirayama Y, Takematsu H, Yan K. GLCCI1 is a novel protector against glucocorticoid‐induced apoptosis in T cells. FASEB J 2019; 33:7387-7402. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800344rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zentaro Kiuchi
- Department of PediatricsKyorin University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yukino Nishibori
- Department of PediatricsKyorin University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Satoru Kutsuna
- Department of PediatricsKyorin University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Masashi Kotani
- Department of PediatricsKyorin University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Ichiro Hada
- Department of PediatricsKyorin University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Toru Kimura
- Department of Toxicology and PharmacologyKyorin University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Toshiyuki Fukutomi
- Department of Toxicology and PharmacologyKyorin University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Daisuke Fukuhara
- Department of PediatricsKyorin University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Noriko Ito-Nitta
- Department of PediatricsKyorin University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Akihiko Kudo
- Department of AnatomyKyorin University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Takanobu Takata
- Medical Research InstituteKanazawa Medical UniversityUchinada-machiJapan
| | - Yasuhito Ishigaki
- Medical Research InstituteKanazawa Medical UniversityUchinada-machiJapan
| | - Naohisa Tomosugi
- Medical Research InstituteKanazawa Medical UniversityUchinada-machiJapan
| | - Hirotoshi Tanaka
- Department of RheumatologyCenter for Antibody and Vaccine TherapyInstitute of Medical ScienceUniversity of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Satsuki Matsushima
- Department of Laboratory MedicineKyorin University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Shinya Ogasawara
- Research and Development DepartmentDenka Seiken Company, LimitedGosenJapan
| | - Yoshiaki Hirayama
- Research and Development DepartmentDenka Seiken Company, LimitedGosenJapan
| | - Hiromu Takematsu
- Department of Biological ChemistryHuman Health ScienceKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyFaculty of Medical TechnologyGraduate School of Health SciencesFujita Health University
| | - Kunimasa Yan
- Department of PediatricsKyorin University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
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24
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Intestinal glucocorticoid synthesis enzymes in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease patients. Genes Immun 2019; 20:566-576. [PMID: 30686824 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-019-0056-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are devastating chronic immunopathologies of the intestinal mucosa, which are frequently treated by immunosuppressive glucocorticoids. Endogenous glucocorticoids are not only produced by the adrenal glands, but also by the intestinal epithelium. Local glucocorticoid synthesis critically contributes to the immune homeostasis of the intestinal mucosa. As defective intestinal glucocorticoid synthesis has been associated with the development of IBD, we investigated the expression of steroidogenic enzymes and the key transcriptional regulator Liver Receptor Homolog-1 (LRH-1/NR5A2) in ileal and colonic biopsies human pediatric IBD and control patients. Furthermore, the induction of steroidogenic enzymes and their transcriptional regulation by LRH-1 was investigated in a mouse model of experimental colitis. These analyses revealed that colitis-induced expression of steroidogenic enzymes in the murine colon is dependent on the presence of LRH-1, as intestinal deletion of LRH-1 strongly reduced their colitis-induced expression. Similarly, a strong correlation between the expression of LRH-1 and different steroidogenic enzymes was seen in intestinal biopsies of human pediatric patients. Importantly, reduced expression of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 11B1 (HSD11B1) was observed in IBD patients compared to control patients, suggesting that defective local reactivation of glucocorticoids could contribute to the pathogenesis of IBD.
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25
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Erdem Kuruca S, Çetin MB, Akgün Dar K, Özerkan D. Protective effects of cytokine combinations against the apoptotic activity of glucocorticoids on CD34 + hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Cytotechnology 2019; 71:67-77. [PMID: 30603917 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-018-0265-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Haematopoietic stem cells can self-renew and produce progenitor cells, which have a high proliferation capacity. Chemotherapeutic drugs are toxic to normal cells as well as cancer cells, and glucocorticoids (GCs), which are essential drugs for many chemotherapeutic protocols, efficiently induce apoptosis not only in malignant cells but also in normal haematopoietic cells. Studies have shown that haematopoietic cytokines can prevent the apoptosis induced by chemotherapy and decrease the toxic effects of these drugs. However, the apoptosis induction mechanism of GCs in CD34+ haematopoietic cells and the anti-apoptotic effects of cytokines have not been well elucidated. In this study, we investigated the apoptotic effects of GCs on CD34+, a haematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) population, and demonstrated the protective effects of haematopoietic cytokines. We used a cytokine cocktail containing early-acting cytokines, namely, interleukin-3 (IL-3), thrombopoietin, stem cell factor and flt3/flk2 ligand, and dexamethasone and prednisolone were used as GCs. Apoptotic mechanisms were assessed by immunohistochemical staining and quantified using H-scoring. Dexamethasone and prednisolone induced apoptosis in CD34+ HSPCs. GC treatment caused a significant increase in apoptotic Fas, caspase-3, cytochrome c and Bax, but a significant decrease in anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. Furthermore, as expected, cytokines caused a significant decrease in all apoptotic markers and a significant increase in Bcl-2. Thus, our findings suggest that CD34+ HSPCs are an extremely sensitive target for GCs and that cytokines protect these cells from GC-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serap Erdem Kuruca
- Deparment of Physiology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Beyza Çetin
- Deparment of Physiology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kadriye Akgün Dar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilşad Özerkan
- Department of Genetic and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey.
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26
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Abstract
Glucocorticoid resistance represents a major challenge in treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In this issue of Cancer Cell, Jing and colleagues show epigenetic deregulation of glucocorticoid-induced BIM activation in glucocorticoid-resistant leukemia cells, and restore glucocorticoid-receptor-induced BIM upregulation with DNA demethylating agents to effectively enhance glucocorticoid response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie A Brown
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Adolfo Ferrando
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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27
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miR-103 inhibits proliferation and sensitizes hemopoietic tumor cells for glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:472-489. [PMID: 27888798 PMCID: PMC5352135 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid (GC) hormones are an important ingredient of leukemia therapy since they are potent inducers of lymphoid cell apoptosis. However, the development of GC resistance remains an obstacle in GC-based treatment. In the present investigation we found that miR-103 is upregulated in GC-sensitive leukemia cells treated by the hormone. Transfection of GC resistant cells with miR-103 sensitized them to GC induced apoptosis (GCIA), while miR-103 sponging of GC sensitive cells rendered them partially resistant. miR-103 reduced the expression of cyclin dependent kinase (CDK2) and its cyclin E1 target, thereby leading to inhibition of cellular proliferation. miR-103 is encoded within the fifth intron of PANK3 gene. We demonstrate that the GC receptor (GR) upregulates miR-103 by direct interaction with GC response element (GRE) in the PANK3 enhancer. Consequently, miR-103 targets the c-Myc activators c-Myb and DVL1, thereby reducing c-Myc expression. Since c-Myc is a transcription factor of the miR-17~92a poly-cistron, all six miRNAs of the latter are also downregulated. Of these, miR-18a and miR-20a are involved in GCIA, as they target GR and BIM, respectively. Consequently, GR and BIM expression are elevated, thus advancing GCIA. Altogether, this study highlights miR-103 as a useful prognostic biomarker and drug for leukemia management in the future.
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The regulation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by glucocorticoid receptor in collaboration with Bcl-2 family proteins in developing T cells. Apoptosis 2018; 22:239-253. [PMID: 27888447 PMCID: PMC5306359 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-016-1320-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GC) are important in the regulation of selection and apoptosis of CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) thymocytes. The pronounced GC-sensitivity of DP thymocytes, observed earlier, might be due to the combination of classical (genomic) and alternative (non-genomic) glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling events modifying activation or apoptotic pathways. In particular, the previously demonstrated mitochondrial translocation of activated GR in DP thymocytes offered a fascinating explanation for their pronounced GC-induced apoptosis sensitivity. However, the fine molecular details how the mitochondrial translocation of GR might regulate apoptosis remained unclear. Therefore, in the present study, we intended to examine which apoptotic pathways could be involved in GC-induced thymocyte apoptosis. Furthermore we investigated the potential relationship between the GR and Bcl-2 proteins. Using an in vitro test system, thymocytes from 4-week-old BALB/c mice, were treated with the GC-analogue dexamethasone (DX). Bax accumulated in mitochondria upon DX treatment. Mitochondrial GR showed association with members of the Bcl-2 family: Bak, Bim, Bcl-xL. Elevated Cytochrome C, and active caspase-3, -8, and -9 levels were detected in thymocytes after DX treatment. These results support the hypothesis that in early phases of GC-induced thymocyte apoptosis, the mitochondrial pathway plays a crucial role, confirmed by the release of Cytochrome C and the activation of caspase-9. The activation of caspase-8 was presumably due to cross-talk between apoptotic signaling pathways. We propose that the GC-induced mitochondrial accumulation of Bax and the interaction between the GR and Bim, Bcl-xL and Bak could play a role in the regulation of thymocyte apoptosis.
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Plesa M, Gagné V, Glisovic S, Younan M, Sharif-Askari B, Laverdière C, Alos N, Leclerc JM, Sallan SE, Neuberg D, Kutok JL, Silverman LB, Sinnett D, Krajinovic M. Influence of BCL2L11 polymorphism on osteonecrosis during treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2017; 19:33-41. [PMID: 29282361 DOI: 10.1038/s41397-017-0002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Osteonecrosis (ON) is corticosteroid-related complication, reported in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We have previously found that polymorphisms in BCL2L11 gene coding for pro-apoptotic Bim protein influence reduction of overall survival (OS) in a corticosteroid (CS) dose-dependent manner in childhood ALL patients. The same set of SNPs was here investigated for an association with CS-related ON assessed retrospectively in 304 children with ALL from Quebec (QcALL cohort) who received Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) ALL treatment protocols. Two-year cumulative incidence of symptomatic ON was 10.6%. Two BCL2L11 polymorphisms, the 891T>G (rs2241843) in all QcALL patients and 29201C>T (rs724710) in high-risk group were significantly associated with ON, P = 0.009 and P = 0.003, respectively. The association remained significant in multivariate model (HR891TT = 2.4, 95% CI 1.2-4.8, P = 0.01 and HR29201CC = 5.7, 95% CI 1.6-20.9, P = 0.008). Both polymorphisms influenced viability of dexamethasone treated lymphoblastoid cell lines (P ≤ 0.03). The 891T>G influenced Bim gamma isoform levels (0.03) and its association with ON was also confirmed in replication DFCI cohort (N = 168, P = 0.03). QcALL children had a high incidence of ON during therapy, which was highly associated with BCL2L11 polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Plesa
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vincent Gagné
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sanja Glisovic
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Melissa Younan
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Bahram Sharif-Askari
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Caroline Laverdière
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Alos
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Marie Leclerc
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stephen E Sallan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donna Neuberg
- Department of Biostatistics & Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffery L Kutok
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lewis B Silverman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Sinnett
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Maja Krajinovic
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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30
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Liu HX, Chen T, Wen X, Qu W, Liu S, Yan HY, Hou LF, Ping J. Maternal Glucocorticoid Elevation and Associated Fetal Thymocyte Apoptosis are Involved in Immune Disorders of Prenatal Caffeine Exposed Offspring Mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13746. [PMID: 29062003 PMCID: PMC5653827 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study showed that prenatal caffeine exposure (PCE) could induce intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and glucocorticoid elevation in the fetus. Researchers suggested that IUGR is a risk factor for T helper cell (Th)1/Th2 deviation. However, whether PCE can induce these immune disorders and the underlying mechanisms of that induction remain unknown. This study aimed to observe the effects of PCE on the Th1/Th2 balance in offspring and further explore the developmental origin mechanisms from the perspective of glucocorticoid overexposure-induced thymocyte apoptosis. An IUGR model was established by caffeine administration from gestational day (GD) 9 to GD 18, and the offspring were immunized on postnatal day (PND) 42. The results show that maternal glucocorticoid overexposure increased fetal thymocyte apoptosis by activating both the Fas-mediated and the Bim-regulated apoptotic pathways. After birth, accelerated thymocyte apoptosis and Th1 suppression were also found in the PCE offspring at PND 14 and PND 49. Moreover, the PCE offspring showed immune disorders after immunization, manifesting as increased IgG1/IgG2a ratio and IL-4 production in the serum. In conclusion, PCE could induce fetal overexposure to maternal glucocorticoids and increase thymocyte apoptosis, which could persist into postnatal life and be implicated in Th1 inhibition and further immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Xiao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiao Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Wen Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hui-Yi Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Li-Fang Hou
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jie Ping
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Xu JY, Luo JM. [Association between BIM gene and glucocorticoid resistance in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2017; 19:945-949. [PMID: 28774373 PMCID: PMC7390050 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignant hematological disease in childhood. Glucocorticoids are frequently used in the chemoradiotherapy regimen for ALL and can induce the apoptosis of ALL cells through several signaling pathways, but about 10% of ALL children have poor response to glucocorticoids. Studies have revealed that glucocorticoids induce the apoptosis of ALL cells by upregulating the expression of BIM gene, and BIM gene is associated with glucocorticoid resistance in childhood ALL. This article reviews the recent studies on glucocorticoid resistance in childhood ALL, especially the role of BIM and its expression products in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yun Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
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Qattan MY, Bakker EY, Rajendran R, Chen DWC, Saha V, Liu J, Zeef L, Schwartz JM, Mutti L, Demonacos C, Krstic-Demonacos M. Differential regulation of cell death pathways by the microenvironment correlates with chemoresistance and survival in leukaemia. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178606. [PMID: 28582465 PMCID: PMC5459454 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) and topoisomerase II inhibitors are used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) as they induce death in lymphoid cells through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and p53 respectively. Mechanisms underlying ALL cell death and the contribution of the bone marrow microenvironment to drug response/resistance remain unclear. The role of the microenvironment and the identification of chemoresistance determinants were studied by transcriptomic analysis in ALL cells treated with Dexamethasone (Dex), and Etoposide (Etop) grown in the presence or absence of bone marrow conditioned media (CM). The necroptotic (RIPK1) and the apoptotic (caspase-8/3) markers were downregulated by CM, whereas the inhibitory effects of chemotherapy on the autophagy marker Beclin-1 (BECN1) were reduced suggesting CM exerts cytoprotective effects. GCs upregulated the RIPK1 ubiquitinating factor BIRC3 (cIAP2), in GC-sensitive (CEM-C7-14) but not in resistant (CEM-C1-15) cells. In addition, CM selectively affected GR phosphorylation in a site and cell-specific manner. GR is recruited to RIPK1, BECN1 and BIRC3 promoters in the sensitive but not in the resistant cells with phosphorylated GR forms being generally less recruited in the presence of hormone. FACS analysis and caspase-8 assays demonstrated that CM promoted a pro-survival trend. High molecular weight proteins reacting with the RIPK1 antibody were modified upon incubation with the BIRC3 inhibitor AT406 in CEM-C7-14 cells suggesting that they represent ubiquitinated forms of RIPK1. Our data suggest that there is a correlation between microenvironment-induced ALL proliferation and altered response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malak Yahia Qattan
- College of Applied Medical Sciences and Community Services (CAMS&CS), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emyr Yosef Bakker
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom
| | - Ramkumar Rajendran
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Daphne Wei-Chen Chen
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Vaskar Saha
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Tata Translational Cancer Research Centre, Kolkata, India
| | - Jizhong Liu
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Leo Zeef
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Marc Schwartz
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Luciano Mutti
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom
| | - Constantinos Demonacos
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Marija Krstic-Demonacos
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Lavik AR, Zhong F, Chang MJ, Greenberg E, Choudhary Y, Smith MR, McColl KS, Pink J, Reu FJ, Matsuyama S, Distelhorst CW. A synthetic peptide targeting the BH4 domain of Bcl-2 induces apoptosis in multiple myeloma and follicular lymphoma cells alone or in combination with agents targeting the BH3-binding pocket of Bcl-2. Oncotarget 2016; 6:27388-402. [PMID: 26317541 PMCID: PMC4694997 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bcl-2 inhibits apoptosis by two distinct mechanisms but only one is targeted to treat Bcl-2-positive malignancies. In this mechanism, the BH1-3 domains of Bcl-2 form a hydrophobic pocket, binding and inhibiting pro-apoptotic proteins, including Bim. In the other mechanism, the BH4 domain mediates interaction of Bcl-2 with inositol 1,4, 5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), inhibiting pro-apoptotic Ca2+ signals. The current anti-Bcl-2 agents, ABT-263 (Navitoclax) and ABT-199 (Venetoclax), induce apoptosis by displacing pro-apoptotic proteins from the hydrophobic pocket, but do not inhibit Bcl-2-IP3R interaction. Therefore, to target this interaction we developed BIRD-2 (Bcl-2 IP3 Receptor Disruptor-2), a decoy peptide that binds to the BH4 domain, blocking Bcl-2-IP3R interaction and thus inducing Ca2+-mediated apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, multiple myeloma, and follicular lymphoma cells, including cells resistant to ABT-263, ABT-199, or the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor Ibrutinib. Moreover, combining BIRD-2 with ABT-263 or ABT-199 enhances apoptosis induction compared to single agent treatment. Overall, these findings provide strong rationale for developing novel therapeutic agents that mimic the action of BIRD-2 in targeting the BH4 domain of Bcl-2 and disrupting Bcl-2-IP3R interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Lavik
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Fei Zhong
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ming-Jin Chang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Edward Greenberg
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yuvraj Choudhary
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mitchell R Smith
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Karen S McColl
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - John Pink
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Frederic J Reu
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Shigemi Matsuyama
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Clark W Distelhorst
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Lin KT, Wang LH. New dimension of glucocorticoids in cancer treatment. Steroids 2016; 111:84-88. [PMID: 26930575 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids have been used in clinical oncology for over half a century. The clinical applications of glucocorticoids in oncology are mainly dependent on their pro-apoptotic action to treat lymphoproliferative disorders, and also on alleviating side effects induced by chemotherapy or radiotherapy in non-hematologic cancer types. Researches in the past few years have begun to unveil the profound complexity of glucocorticoids signaling and have contributed remarkably on therapeutic strategies. However, it remains striking and puzzling how glucocorticoids use different mechanisms in different cancer types and different targets to promote or inhibit tumor progression. In this review, we provide an update on glucocorticoids and its receptor, GR-mediated signaling and highlight some of the latest findings on the actions of glucocorticoids signaling during tumor progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Ti Lin
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
| | - Lu-Hai Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan.
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35
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Polak A, Kiliszek P, Sewastianik T, Szydłowski M, Jabłońska E, Białopiotrowicz E, Górniak P, Markowicz S, Nowak E, Grygorowicz MA, Prochorec-Sobieszek M, Nowis D, Gołąb J, Giebel S, Lech-Marańda E, Warzocha K, Juszczyński P. MEK Inhibition Sensitizes Precursor B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL) Cells to Dexamethasone through Modulation of mTOR Activity and Stimulation of Autophagy. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155893. [PMID: 27196001 PMCID: PMC4872998 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to glucocorticosteroids (GCs) is a major adverse prognostic factor in B-ALL, but the molecular mechanisms leading to GC resistance are not completely understood. Herein, we sought to elucidate the molecular background of GC resistance in B-ALL and characterize the therapeutic potential of targeted intervention in these mechanisms. Using exploratory bioinformatic approaches, we found that resistant cells exhibited significantly higher expression of MEK/ERK (MAPK) pathway components. We found that GC-resistant ALL cell lines had markedly higher baseline activity of MEK and small-molecule MEK1/2 inhibitor selumetinib increased GCs-induced cell death. MEK inhibitor similarly increased in vitro dexamethasone activity in primary ALL blasts from 19 of 22 tested patients. To further confirm these observations, we overexpressed a constitutively active MEK mutant in GC-sensitive cells and found that forced MEK activity induced resistance to dexamethasone. Since recent studies highlight the role GC-induced autophagy upstream of apoptotic cell death, we assessed LC3 processing, MDC staining and GFP-LC3 relocalization in cells incubated with either DEX, SEL or combination of drugs. Unlike either drug alone, only their combination markedly increased these markers of autophagy. These changes were associated with decreased mTOR activity and blocked 4E-BP1 phosphorylation. In cells with silenced beclin-1 (BCN1), required for autophagosome formation, the synergy of DEX and SEL was markedly reduced. Taken together, we show that MEK inhibitor selumetinib enhances dexamethasone toxicity in GC-resistant B-ALL cells. The underlying mechanism of this interaction involves inhibition of mTOR signaling pathway and modulation of autophagy markers, likely reflecting induction of this process and required for cell death. Thus, our data demonstrate that modulation of MEK/ERK pathway is an attractive therapeutic strategy overcoming GC resistance in B-ALL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Polak
- Dept. of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Przemysław Kiliszek
- Dept. of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sewastianik
- Dept. of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Szydłowski
- Dept. of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Jabłońska
- Dept. of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Emilia Białopiotrowicz
- Dept. of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patryk Górniak
- Dept. of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
- Dept. of Diagnostic Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sergiusz Markowicz
- Dept. of Immunology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center–Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Eliza Nowak
- Dept. of Immunology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center–Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika A. Grygorowicz
- Dept. of Immunology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center–Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Dominika Nowis
- Genomic Medicine, Dept. of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Gołąb
- Dept. of Immunology, Center of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sebastian Giebel
- Dept. of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Hematology-Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Ewa Lech-Marańda
- Dept. of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
- Dept. of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Warzocha
- Dept. of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Przemysław Juszczyński
- Dept. of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
- * E-mail:
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36
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Banuelos J, Shin S, Cao Y, Bochner BS, Morales-Nebreda L, Budinger GRS, Zhou L, Li S, Xin J, Lingen MW, Dong C, Schleimer RP, Lu NZ. BCL-2 protects human and mouse Th17 cells from glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis. Allergy 2016; 71:640-50. [PMID: 26752231 DOI: 10.1111/all.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucocorticoid resistance has been associated with Th17-driven inflammation, the mechanisms of which are not clear. We determined whether human and mouse Th17 cells are resistant to glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis. METHODS Freshly isolated human blood Th17 cells and in vitro differentiated Th17 cells from IL-17F red fluorescent protein reporter mice were treated with dexamethasone, a potent glucocorticoid. Apoptosis was measured using annexin V and DAPI staining. Screening of apoptosis genes was performed using the apoptosis PCR array. Levels of molecules involved in apoptosis were measured using quantitative RT-PCR, flow cytometry, and Western blotting. Knockdown of BCL-2 in murine Th17 cells was performed via retroviral transduction. Cytokines were measured using ELISA. A murine Th17-driven severe asthma model was examined for Th17 glucocorticoid sensitivity in vivo. RESULTS Human and mouse Th17 cells and mouse Th2 cells were resistant to glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis. Th17 cells had glucocorticoid receptors levels comparable to those in other T effectors cells. Th17 cells had high levels of BCL-2, knockdown of which sensitized Th17 cells to dexamethasone-induced apoptosis. Production of IL-22, but not IL-17A and IL-17F, was suppressed by glucocorticoids. STAT3 phosphorylation in Th17 cells was insensitive to glucocorticoid inhibition. Lung Th17 cells in the murine severe asthma model were enhanced, rather than suppressed, by glucocorticoids. CONCLUSION Th17 cells are resistant to glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis and cytokine suppression, at least in part due to high levels of BCL-2. These findings support a role of Th17 cells in glucocorticoid-resistant inflammatory conditions such as certain endotypes of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Banuelos
- Division of Allergy-Immunology; Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University; Chicago IL USA
| | - S. Shin
- Division of Allergy-Immunology; Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University; Chicago IL USA
| | - Y. Cao
- Division of Allergy-Immunology; Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University; Chicago IL USA
| | - B. S. Bochner
- Division of Allergy-Immunology; Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University; Chicago IL USA
| | - L. Morales-Nebreda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care; Department of Medicine Feinberg School of Medicine; Northwestern University; Chicago IL USA
| | - G. R. S. Budinger
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care; Department of Medicine Feinberg School of Medicine; Northwestern University; Chicago IL USA
| | - L. Zhou
- Departments of Pathology and Immunology/Microbiology; Feinberg School of Medicine; Northwestern University; Chicago IL USA
| | - S. Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Human Tissue Resource Center; The University of Chicago; Chicago IL USA
| | - J. Xin
- Department of Pharmacology and Human Tissue Resource Center; The University of Chicago; Chicago IL USA
| | - M. W. Lingen
- Department of Pharmacology and Human Tissue Resource Center; The University of Chicago; Chicago IL USA
| | - C. Dong
- Basic Medical Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing China
| | - R. P. Schleimer
- Division of Allergy-Immunology; Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University; Chicago IL USA
| | - N. Z. Lu
- Division of Allergy-Immunology; Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University; Chicago IL USA
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37
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Rychak E, Mendy D, Shi T, Ning Y, Leisten J, Lu L, Miller K, Narla RK, Orlowski RZ, Raymon HK, Bjorklund CC, Thakurta A, Gandhi AK, Cathers BE, Chopra R, Daniel TO, Lopez-Girona A. Pomalidomide in combination with dexamethasone results in synergistic anti-tumour responses in pre-clinical models of lenalidomide-resistant multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol 2016; 172:889-901. [PMID: 26914976 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pomalidomide is an IMiD(®) immunomodulatory agent, which has shown clinically significant benefits in relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (rrMM) patients when combined with dexamethasone, regardless of refractory status to lenalidomide or bortezomib. (Schey et al, ; San Miguel et al, 2013; Richardson et al, 2014; Scott, ) In this work, we present preclinical data showing that the combination of pomalidomide with dexamethasone (PomDex) demonstrates potent anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activity in both lenalidomide-sensitive and lenalidomide-resistant MM cell lines. PomDex also synergistically inhibited tumour growth compared with single-agent treatment in xenografts of lenalidomide-resistant H929 R10-1 cells. Typical hallmarks of IMiD compound activity, including IKZF3 (Aiolos) degradation, and the downregulation of interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 4 and MYC, seen in lenalidomide-sensitive H929 MM cell lines, were also observed in PomDex-treated lenalidomide-resistant H929 MM cells. Remarkably, this resulted in strong, synergistic effects on the induction of apoptosis in both lenalidomide-sensitive and resistant MM cells. Furthermore, gene expression profiling revealed a unique differential gene expression pattern in PomDex-treated samples, highlighted by the modulation of pro-apoptotic pathways in lenalidomide-resistant cells. These results provide key insights into molecular mechanisms of PomDex in the lenalidomide-resistant setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tao Shi
- Celgene Corporation, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Ling Lu
- Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ, USA
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38
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Jackson RK, Irving JAE, Veal GJ. Personalization of dexamethasone therapy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2016; 173:13-24. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna K. Jackson
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research; Newcastle University; Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - Julie A. E. Irving
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research; Newcastle University; Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - Gareth J. Veal
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research; Newcastle University; Newcastle upon Tyne UK
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Thomas AL, Coarfa C, Qian J, Wilkerson JJ, Rajapakshe K, Krett NL, Gunaratne PH, Rosen ST. Identification of potential glucocorticoid receptor therapeutic targets in multiple myeloma. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR SIGNALING 2015; 13:e006. [PMID: 26715915 PMCID: PMC4693629 DOI: 10.1621/nrs.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GC) are a cornerstone of combination therapies for multiple myeloma. However, patients ultimately develop resistance to GCs frequently based on decreased glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression. An understanding of the direct targets of GC actions, which induce cell death, is expected to culminate in potential therapeutic strategies for inducing cell death by regulating downstream targets in the absence of a functional GR. The specific goal of our research is to identify primary GR targets that contribute to GC-induced cell death, with the ultimate goal of developing novel therapeutics around these targets that can be used to overcome resistance to GCs in the absence of GR. Using the MM.1S glucocorticoid-sensitive human myeloma cell line, we began with the broad platform of gene expression profiling to identify glucocorticoid-regulated genes further refined by combination treatment with phosphatidylinositol-3’-kinase inhibition (PI3Ki). To further refine the search to distinguish direct and indirect targets of GR that respond to the combination GC and PI3Ki treatment of MM.1S cells, we integrated 1) gene expression profiles of combination GC treatment with PI3Ki, which induces synergistic cell death; 2) negative correlation between genes inhibited by combination treatment in MM.1S cells and genes over-expressed in myeloma patients to establish clinical relevance and 3) GR chromatin immunoprecipitation with massively parallel sequencing (ChIP-Seq) in myeloma cells to identify global chromatin binding for the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Using established bioinformatics platforms, we have integrated these data sets to identify a subset of candidate genes that may form the basis for a comprehensive picture of glucocorticoid actions in multiple myeloma. As a proof of principle, we have verified two targets, namely RRM2 and BCL2L1, as primary functional targets of GR involved in GC-induced cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L Thomas
- Northwestern University, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois (ALT, JQ, NLK, STR); Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, Texas (CC, JJW, KR); University of Houston, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Houston, Texas (JJW, PHG) and Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (STR)
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Northwestern University, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois (ALT, JQ, NLK, STR); Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, Texas (CC, JJW, KR); University of Houston, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Houston, Texas (JJW, PHG) and Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (STR)
| | - Jun Qian
- Northwestern University, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois (ALT, JQ, NLK, STR); Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, Texas (CC, JJW, KR); University of Houston, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Houston, Texas (JJW, PHG) and Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (STR)
| | - Joseph J Wilkerson
- Northwestern University, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois (ALT, JQ, NLK, STR); Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, Texas (CC, JJW, KR); University of Houston, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Houston, Texas (JJW, PHG) and Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (STR)
| | - Kimal Rajapakshe
- Northwestern University, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois (ALT, JQ, NLK, STR); Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, Texas (CC, JJW, KR); University of Houston, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Houston, Texas (JJW, PHG) and Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (STR)
| | - Nancy L Krett
- Northwestern University, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois (ALT, JQ, NLK, STR); Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, Texas (CC, JJW, KR); University of Houston, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Houston, Texas (JJW, PHG) and Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (STR)
| | - Preethi H Gunaratne
- Northwestern University, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois (ALT, JQ, NLK, STR); Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, Texas (CC, JJW, KR); University of Houston, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Houston, Texas (JJW, PHG) and Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (STR)
| | - Steven T Rosen
- Northwestern University, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois (ALT, JQ, NLK, STR); Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, Texas (CC, JJW, KR); University of Houston, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Houston, Texas (JJW, PHG) and Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (STR)
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40
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Dong H, Carlton ME, Lerner A, Epstein PM. Effect of cAMP signaling on expression of glucocorticoid receptor, Bim and Bad in glucocorticoid-sensitive and resistant leukemic and multiple myeloma cells. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:230. [PMID: 26528184 PMCID: PMC4602131 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulation of cAMP signaling induces apoptosis in glucocorticoid-sensitive and resistant CEM leukemic and MM.1 multiple myeloma cell lines, and this effect is enhanced by dexamethasone in both glucocorticoid-sensitive cell types and in glucocorticoid-resistant CEM cells. Expression of the mRNA for the glucocorticoid receptor alpha (GR) promoters 1A3, 1B and 1C, expression of mRNA and protein for GR, and the BH3-only proapoptotic proteins, Bim and Bad, and the phosphorylation state of Bad were examined following stimulation of the cAMP and glucocorticoid signaling pathways. Expression levels of GR promoters were increased by cAMP and glucocorticoid signaling, but GR protein expression was little changed in CEM and decreased in MM.1 cells. Stimulation of these two signaling pathways induced Bim in CEM cells, induced Bad in MM.1 cells, and activated Bad, as indicated by its dephosphorylation on ser112, in both cell types. This study shows that leukemic and multiple myeloma cells, including those resistant to glucocorticoids, can be induced to undergo apoptosis by stimulating the cAMP signaling pathway, with enhancement by glucocorticoids, and the mechanism by which this occurs may be related to changes in Bim and Bad expression, and in all cases, to activation of Bad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Dong
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT, USA
| | - Michael E Carlton
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT, USA
| | - Adam Lerner
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston MA, USA
| | - Paul M Epstein
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT, USA
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Sionov RV, Vlahopoulos SA, Granot Z. Regulation of Bim in Health and Disease. Oncotarget 2015; 6:23058-134. [PMID: 26405162 PMCID: PMC4695108 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The BH3-only Bim protein is a major determinant for initiating the intrinsic apoptotic pathway under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Tight regulation of its expression and activity at the transcriptional, translational and post-translational levels together with the induction of alternatively spliced isoforms with different pro-apoptotic potential, ensure timely activation of Bim. Under physiological conditions, Bim is essential for shaping immune responses where its absence promotes autoimmunity, while too early Bim induction eliminates cytotoxic T cells prematurely, resulting in chronic inflammation and tumor progression. Enhanced Bim induction in neurons causes neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases. Moreover, type I diabetes is promoted by genetically predisposed elevation of Bim in β-cells. On the contrary, cancer cells have developed mechanisms that suppress Bim expression necessary for tumor progression and metastasis. This review focuses on the intricate network regulating Bim activity and its involvement in physiological and pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Vogt Sionov
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Spiros A. Vlahopoulos
- First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens, Horemeio Research Laboratory, Thivon and Levadias, Goudi, Athens, Greece
| | - Zvi Granot
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) are commonly deregulated in the pathogenesis of human cancer and are a major class of cancer cell dependencies. Consequently, targeting of TFs can be highly effective in treating particular malignancies, as highlighted by the clinical efficacy of agents that target nuclear hormone receptors. In this review we discuss recent advances in our understanding of TFs as drug targets in oncology, with an emphasis on the emerging chemical approaches to modulate TF function. The remarkable diversity and potency of TFs as drivers of cell transformation justifies a continued pursuit of TFs as therapeutic targets for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand S. Bhagwat
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Christopher R. Vakoc
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
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Follin-Arbelet V, Misund K, Naderi EH, Ugland H, Sundan A, Blomhoff HK. The natural compound forskolin synergizes with dexamethasone to induce cell death in myeloma cells via BIM. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13001. [PMID: 26306624 PMCID: PMC4549684 DOI: 10.1038/srep13001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that activation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) pathway kills multiple myeloma (MM) cells both in vitro and in vivo. In the present study we have investigated the potential of enhancing the killing of MM cell lines and primary MM cells by combining the cAMP-elevating compound forskolin with the commonly used MM therapeutic drugs melphalan, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, bortezomib and dexamethasone. We observed that forskolin potentiated the killing induced by all the tested agents as compared to treatment with the single agents alone. In particular, forskolin had a synergistic effect on the dexamethasone-responsive cell lines H929 and OM-2. By knocking down the proapoptotic BCL-2 family member BIM, we proved this protein to be involved in the synergistic induction of apoptosis by dexamethasone and forskolin. The ability of forskolin to maintain the killing of MM cells even at lower concentrations of the conventional agents suggests that forskolin may be used to diminish treatment-associated side effects. Our findings support a potential role of forskolin in combination with current conventional agents in the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Follin-Arbelet
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1112-Blindern, N-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristine Misund
- KG Jebsen Center for Myeloma Research and Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7489 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Elin Hallan Naderi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1112-Blindern, N-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Hege Ugland
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1112-Blindern, N-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders Sundan
- KG Jebsen Center for Myeloma Research and Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7489 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Heidi Kiil Blomhoff
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1112-Blindern, N-0317 Oslo, Norway
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Saenz GJ, Hovanessian R, Gisis AD, Medh RD. Glucocorticoid-mediated co-regulation of RCAN1-1, E4BP4 and BIM in human leukemia cells susceptible to apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:1291-6. [PMID: 26102033 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.06.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are known to induce apoptosis of leukemia cells via gene regulatory changes affecting key pro-and anti-apoptotic genes. Three genes previously implicated in GC-evoked apoptosis in the CEM human T-cell leukemia model, RCAN1, E4BP4 and BIM, were studied in a panel of human lymphoid and myeloid leukemia cell lines. Of the two RCAN1 transcripts, the synthetic GC Dexamethasone (Dex) selectively upregulates RCAN1-1, but not RCAN1-4, in GC-susceptible Sup-B15, RS4;11, Kasumi-1 cells but not in GC-resistant Sup T1 and Loucy cells. E4BP4 and BIM regulation correlated with that of RCAN1-1. A putative GRE and four EBPREs were identified within 1500bp upstream from the transcription start site of RCAN1-1. GC-refractory CEM C1-15 cells sensitized to GC-evoked apoptosis by ectopic E4BP4 expression, CEM C1-15mE#3, showed restored RCAN1-1 upregulation, suggesting that RCAN1-1 is a downstream target of E4BP4. A model for coordinated regulation of RCAN1-1, E4BP4 and BIM, and their role in GC-evoked apoptosis is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Jonatan Saenz
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330-8303, USA.
| | - Rebeka Hovanessian
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330-8303, USA.
| | - Andrew D Gisis
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330-8303, USA.
| | - Rheem D Medh
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330-8303, USA.
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45
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Hall CP, Reynolds CP, Kang MH. Modulation of Glucocorticoid Resistance in Pediatric T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia by Increasing BIM Expression with the PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor BEZ235. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 22:621-32. [PMID: 26080839 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of our study is to evaluate the preclinical therapeutic activity and mechanism of action of BEZ235, a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, in combination with dexamethasone in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The cytotoxic effects of BEZ235 and dexamethasone as single agents and in combination were assessed in a panel of ALL cell lines and xenograft models. The underlying mechanism of BEZ235 and dexamethasone was evaluated using immunoblotting, TaqMan RT-PCR, siRNA, immunohistochemistry, and immunoprecipitation. RESULTS Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway with the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor BEZ235 enhanced dexamethasone-induced anti-leukemic activity in in vitro (continuous cell lines and primary ALL cultures) and systemic in vivo models of T-ALL (including a patient-derived xenograft). Through inhibition of AKT1, BEZ235 was able to alleviate AKT1-mediated suppression of dexamethasone-induced apoptotic pathways leading to increased expression of the proapoptotic BCL-2 protein BIM. Downregulation of MCL-1 by BEZ235 further contributed to the modulation of dexamethasone resistance by increasing the amount of BIM available to induce apoptosis, especially in PTEN-null T-ALL where inhibition of AKT only partially overcame AKT-induced BIM suppression. CONCLUSIONS Our data support the further investigation of agents targeting the PI3K/mTOR pathway to modulate glucocorticoid resistance in T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor P Hall
- Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas. Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas
| | - C Patrick Reynolds
- Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas. Cell Biology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas. Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas. Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Min H Kang
- Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas. Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas. Cell Biology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas. Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas.
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46
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Fernando TR, Rodriguez-Malave NI, Waters EV, Yan W, Casero D, Basso G, Pigazzi M, Rao DS. LncRNA Expression Discriminates Karyotype and Predicts Survival in B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Mol Cancer Res 2015; 13:839-51. [PMID: 25681502 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-15-0006-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) have been found to play a role in gene regulation with dysregulated expression in various cancers. The precise role that lncRNA expression plays in the pathogenesis of B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is unknown. Therefore, unbiased microarray profiling was performed on human B-ALL specimens, and it was determined that lncRNA expression correlates with cytogenetic abnormalities, which was confirmed by qRT-PCR in a large set of B-ALL cases. Importantly, high expression of BALR-2 correlated with poor overall survival and diminished response to prednisone treatment. In line with a function for this lncRNA in regulating cell survival, BALR-2 knockdown led to reduced proliferation, increased apoptosis, and increased sensitivity to prednisolone treatment. Conversely, overexpression of BALR-2 led to increased cell growth and resistance to prednisone treatment. Interestingly, BALR-2 expression was repressed by prednisolone treatment and its knockdown led to upregulation of the glucocorticoid response pathway in both human and mouse B cells. Together, these findings indicate that BALR-2 plays a functional role in the pathogenesis and/or clinical responsiveness of B-ALL, and that altering the levels of particular lncRNAs may provide a future direction for therapeutic development. IMPLICATIONS lncRNA expression has the potential to segregate the common subtypes of B-ALL, predict the cytogenetic subtype, and indicate prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilini R Fernando
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Norma I Rodriguez-Malave
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. Cellular and Molecular Pathology Ph.D. Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ella V Waters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Weihong Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - David Casero
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Giuseppe Basso
- Women and Child Health Department-Hematology-Oncology Laboratory, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina Pigazzi
- Women and Child Health Department-Hematology-Oncology Laboratory, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Dinesh S Rao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
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Shen FH, Shen TJ, Chang TM, Su IJ, Chen SH. Early dexamethasone treatment exacerbates enterovirus 71 infection in mice. Virology 2014; 464-465:218-227. [PMID: 25104614 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection can induce encephalitis. Overt immune responses is suspected to cause severe symptoms, so anti-inflammatory agents, corticosteroids have been recommended for treatment. However, one clinical study reported that treatment with glucocorticoids, dexamethasone (Dex) exacerbates disease severity. Here we investigated Dex treatment on EV71 infection using the murine model and found that both long-term (14-day) and short-term (4-day) Dex treatment starting from 1 or 3 days postinfection increased the mortality and disease severity of infected mice. Dex treatment starting from 4 or 8 days postinfection did not affect mouse mortality and disease severity. Early Dex treatment starting from 1 day postinfection caused atrophy and enhanced apoptosis in lymphoid organs to decrease the numbers of lymphocytes (CD4(+) T cells, CD8(+) T cells, and CD19(+) B cells) and to increase viral loads in infected tissues of mice. Our results demonstrate that Dex treatment has no beneficial effect on EV71 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Hsiu Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan 701, Republic of China
| | - Ting-Jing Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan 701, Republic of China
| | - Tung-Miao Chang
- Statistical Analysis Laboratory, Department of International Business Management, Tainan University of Technology, Tainan, Taiwan 710, Republic of China
| | - Ih-Jen Su
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan 701, Republic of China.
| | - Shun-Hua Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan 701, Republic of China; Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan 701, Republic of China.
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48
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Multi-agent chemotherapy overcomes glucocorticoid resistance conferred by a BIM deletion polymorphism in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103435. [PMID: 25090024 PMCID: PMC4121131 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A broad range of anti-cancer agents, including glucocorticoids (GCs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), kill cells by upregulating the pro-apoptotic BCL2 family member, BIM. A common germline deletion in the BIM gene was recently shown to favor the production of non-apoptotic BIM isoforms, and to predict inferior responses in TKI-treated chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and EGFR-driven lung cancer patients. Given that both in vitro and in vivo GC resistance are predictive of adverse outcomes in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), we hypothesized that this polymorphism would mediate GC resistance, and serve as a biomarker of poor response in ALL. Accordingly, we used zinc finger nucleases to generate ALL cell lines with the BIM deletion, and confirmed the ability of the deletion to mediate GC resistance in vitro. In contrast to CML and lung cancer, the BIM deletion did not predict for poorer clinical outcome in a retrospective analysis of 411 pediatric ALL patients who were uniformly treated with GCs and chemotherapy. Underlying the lack of prognostic significance, we found that the chemotherapy agents used in our cohort (vincristine, L-asparaginase, and methotrexate) were each able to induce ALL cell death in a BIM-independent fashion, and resensitize BIM deletion-containing cells to GCs. Together, our work demonstrates how effective therapy can overcome intrinsic resistance in ALL patients, and suggests the potential of using combinations of drugs that work via divergent mechanisms of cell killing to surmount BIM deletion-mediated drug resistance in other cancers.
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49
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Beach JA, Nary LJ, Hovanessian R, Medh RD. Correlation of glucocorticoid-mediated E4BP4 upregulation with altered expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes in CEM human lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 451:382-8. [PMID: 25101525 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.07.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In Caenorhabditiselegans, motorneuron apoptosis is regulated via a ces-2-ces-1-egl-1 pathway. We tested whether human CEM lymphoblastic leukemia cells undergo apoptosis via an analogous pathway. We have previously shown that E4BP4, a ces-2 ortholog, mediates glucocorticoid (GC)-dependent upregulation of BIM, an egl-1 ortholog, in GC-sensitive CEM C7-14 cells and in CEM C1-15mE#3 cells, which are sensitized to GCs by ectopic expression of E4BP4. In the present study, we demonstrate that the human ces-1 orthologs, SLUG and SNAIL, are not significantly repressed in correlation with E4BP4 expression. Expression of E4BP4 homologs, the PAR family genes, especially HLF, encoding a known anti-apoptotic factor, was inverse to that of E4BP4 and BIM. Expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes in CEM cells was analyzed via an apoptosis PCR Array. We identified BIRC3 and BIM as genes whose expression paralleled that of E4BP4, while FASLG, TRAF4, BCL2A1, BCL2L1, BCL2L2 and CD40LG as genes whose expression was opposite to that of E4BP4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Beach
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330-8303, USA.
| | - Laura J Nary
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330-8303, USA.
| | - Rebeka Hovanessian
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330-8303, USA.
| | - Rheem D Medh
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330-8303, USA.
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50
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Spijkers-Hagelstein JAP, Schneider P, Pinhanços SM, Garrido Castro P, Pieters R, Stam RW. Glucocorticoid sensitisation in Mixed Lineage Leukaemia-rearranged acute lymphoblastic leukaemia by the pan-BCL-2 family inhibitors gossypol and AT-101. Eur J Cancer 2014; 50:1665-74. [PMID: 24703900 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2014.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Resistance to glucocorticoids (GCs) remains a major problem in the treatment of infants with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) carrying Mixed Lineage Leukaemia (MLL) translocations. Despite intensive research, the mechanism(s) underlying GC resistance remain poorly understood. Recent studies suggested an important role for the pro-survival BCL-2 family member MCL1 in GC resistance in MLL-rearranged ALL. METHODS We exposed GC-resistant MLL-rearranged SEMK2 cells to potent MCL1-inhibiting agents, including gossypol, AT-101, rapamycin, SU9516 and obatoclax (GX15-070) and determined GC sensitisation using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. Using Western blotting we analysed the protein expression of most BCL-2 family members in MLL-rearranged SEMK2 cells after treatment with potent MCL-1 inhibiting agents. RESULTS Only gossypol and its synthetic analogue AT-101 induced GC sensitivity in MLL-rearranged ALL cells. Remarkably, the GC-sensitising effects of gossypol and AT-101 appeared not to be mediated by down-regulation MCL1 or other anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family members, but rather involved up-regulation of multiple pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family members, in particular that of BIM and BID. CONCLUDING REMARKS In conclusion, gossypol and AT-101 induce GC sensitivity in MLL-rearranged ALL cells, most likely mediated by the activation of BID and BIM without the necessity to down-regulate anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family members like MCL1. Hence, co-administration of either gossypol or AT-101 during GC treatment of GC-resistant MLL-rearranged ALL patients may overcome GC resistance and improve prognosis in this high-risk childhood leukaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A P Spijkers-Hagelstein
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pauline Schneider
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Mimoso Pinhanços
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Garrido Castro
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Pieters
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald W Stam
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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