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Okholm TLH, Kamstrup AB, Nielsen MM, Hollensen AK, Graversgaard ML, Sørensen MH, Kristensen LS, Vang S, Park SS, Yeo E, Dyrskjøt L, Kjems J, Pedersen JS, Damgaard CK. circHIPK3 nucleates IGF2BP2 and functions as a competing endogenous RNA. eLife 2024; 13:RP91783. [PMID: 39041323 PMCID: PMC11265796 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs represent a class of endogenous RNAs that regulate gene expression and influence cell biological decisions with implications for the pathogenesis of several diseases. Here, we disclose a novel gene-regulatory role of circHIPK3 by combining analyses of large genomics datasets and mechanistic cell biological follow-up experiments. Using time-course depletion of circHIPK3 and specific candidate RNA-binding proteins, we identify several perturbed genes by RNA sequencing analyses. Expression-coupled motif analyses identify an 11-mer motif within circHIPK3, which also becomes enriched in genes that are downregulated upon circHIPK3 depletion. By mining eCLIP datasets and combined with RNA immunoprecipitation assays, we demonstrate that the 11-mer motif constitutes a strong binding site for IGF2BP2 in bladder cancer cell lines. Our results suggest that circHIPK3 can sequester IGF2BP2 as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), leading to target mRNA stabilization. As an example of a circHIPK3-regulated gene, we focus on the STAT3 mRNA as a specific substrate of IGF2BP2 and validate that manipulation of circHIPK3 regulates IGF2BP2-STAT3 mRNA binding and, thereby, STAT3 mRNA levels. Surprisingly, absolute copy number quantifications demonstrate that IGF2BP2 outnumbers circHIPK3 by orders of magnitude, which is inconsistent with a simple 1:1 ceRNA hypothesis. Instead, we show that circHIPK3 can nucleate multiple copies of IGF2BP2, potentially via phase separation, to produce IGF2BP2 condensates. Our results support a model where a few cellular circHIPK3 molecules can induce IGF2BP2 condensation, thereby regulating key factors for cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine Line Hauge Okholm
- Department of Molecular Medicine (MOMA), Aarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
- Departments of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Microbiology & Immunology, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | | | - Morten Muhlig Nielsen
- Department of Molecular Medicine (MOMA), Aarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Søren Vang
- Department of Molecular Medicine (MOMA), Aarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
| | - Samuel S Park
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Eugene Yeo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Lars Dyrskjøt
- Department of Molecular Medicine (MOMA), Aarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Jørgen Kjems
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Jakob Skou Pedersen
- Department of Molecular Medicine (MOMA), Aarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
- Bioinformatics Research Center (BiRC), Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
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Okholm TLH, Kamstrup AB, Nielsen MM, Hollensen AK, Graversgaard ML, Sørensen MH, Kristensen LS, Vang S, Park SS, Yeo GW, Dyrskjøt L, Kjems J, Pedersen JS, Damgaard CK. circHIPK3 nucleates IGF2BP2 and functions as a competing endogenous RNA. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.09.14.557527. [PMID: 37745562 PMCID: PMC10515936 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.14.557527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a class of widespread endogenous RNAs that regulate gene expression and thereby influence cell biological decisions with implications for the pathogenesis of several diseases. Here, we disclose a novel gene-regulatory role of circHIPK3 by combining analyses of large genomics datasets and mechanistic cell biological follow-up experiments. Specifically, we use temporal depletion of circHIPK3 or specific RNA binding proteins (RBPs) and identify several perturbed genes by RNA sequencing analyses. Using expression-coupled motif analyses of mRNA expression data from various knockdown experiments, we identify an 11-mer motif within circHIPK3, which is also enriched in genes that become downregulated upon circHIPK3 depletion. By mining eCLIP datasets, we find that the 11-mer motif constitutes a strong binding site for IGF2BP2 and validate this circHIPK3-IGF2BP2 interaction experimentally using RNA-immunoprecipitation and competition assays in bladder cancer cell lines. Our results suggest that circHIPK3 and IGF2BP2 mRNA targets compete for binding. Since the identified 11-mer motif found in circHIPK3 is enriched in upregulated genes following IGF2BP2 knockdown, and since IGF2BP2 depletion conversely globally antagonizes the effect of circHIPK3 knockdown on target genes, our results suggest that circHIPK3 can sequester IGF2BP2 as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), leading to target mRNA stabilization. As an example of a circHIPK3-regulated gene, we focus on the STAT3 mRNA as a specific substrate of IGF2BP2 and validate that manipulation of circHIPK3 regulates IGF2BP2- STAT3 mRNA binding and thereby STAT3 mRNA levels. However, absolute copy number quantifications demonstrate that IGF2BP2 outnumbers circHIPK3 by orders of magnitude, which is inconsistent with a simple 1:1 ceRNA hypothesis. Instead, we show that circHIPK3 can nucleate multiple copies of IGF2BP2, potentially via phase separation, to produce IGF2BP2 condensates. Finally, we show that circHIPK3 expression correlates with overall survival of patients with bladder cancer. Our results are consistent with a model where relatively few cellular circHIPK3 molecules function as inducers of IGF2BP2 condensation thereby regulating STAT3 and other key factors for cell proliferation and potentially cancer progression.
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Hogg EKJ, Findlay GM. Functions of SRPK, CLK and DYRK kinases in stem cells, development, and human developmental disorders. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:2375-2415. [PMID: 37607329 PMCID: PMC10952393 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Human developmental disorders encompass a wide range of debilitating physical conditions and intellectual disabilities. Perturbation of protein kinase signalling underlies the development of some of these disorders. For example, disrupted SRPK signalling is associated with intellectual disabilities, and the gene dosage of DYRKs can dictate the pathology of disorders including Down's syndrome. Here, we review the emerging roles of the CMGC kinase families SRPK, CLK, DYRK, and sub-family HIPK during embryonic development and in developmental disorders. In particular, SRPK, CLK, and DYRK kinase families have key roles in developmental signalling and stem cell regulation, and can co-ordinate neuronal development and function. Genetic studies in model organisms reveal critical phenotypes including embryonic lethality, sterility, musculoskeletal errors, and most notably, altered neurological behaviours arising from defects of the neuroectoderm and altered neuronal signalling. Further unpicking the mechanisms of specific kinases using human stem cell models of neuronal differentiation and function will improve our understanding of human developmental disorders and may provide avenues for therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K. J. Hogg
- The MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeUK
| | - Greg M. Findlay
- The MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeUK
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Wang X, Zhang T, Zhai J, Wang Z, Wang Y, He L, Ma S, Xing H, Guo Y. MiR-21 attenuates FAS-mediated cardiomyocyte apoptosis by regulating HIPK3 expression. Biosci Rep 2023; 43:BSR20230014. [PMID: 37581369 PMCID: PMC10500225 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20230014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) plays an anti-apoptotic role following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury (IRI) in vivo; however, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study explored the effects of miR-21 and homeodomain interacting protein kinase 3 (HIPK3) on cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) in vitro. To this end, the rat cardiomyocyte H9C2 cell line was exposed to H/R and the roles of miR-21 and HIPK3 in regulating cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 assay, terminal-deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling, and flow cytometry. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting were performed to detect the expression/phosphorylation of apoptosis-related proteins. miR-21 expression was measured with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The putative interaction between miR-21 and HIPK3 was evaluated using the luciferase reporter assay. Our results showed that (i) miR-21 overexpression or HIPK3 down-regulation significantly attenuated H9C2 cells apoptosis after H/R, (ii) suppression of miR-21 expression promoted apoptosis, (iii) miR-21 overexpression inhibited HIPK3 expression, (iv) HIPK3 was the direct and main target of miR-21, (v) miR-21/HIPK3 formed part of a reciprocal, negative feedback loop, and (vi) HIPK3 down-regulation decreased FAS-mediated apoptosis by inhibiting the phosphorylation of FADD, which subsequently inhibited the expression of BAX and cleaved caspase-3 and increased the expression of BCL2. Our study indicates that miR-21 attenuates FAS-mediated cardiomyocyte apoptosis by regulating HIPK3 expression, which could eventually have important clinical implications for patients with acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- College of Postgraduate, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jianlong Zhai
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhongli Wang
- Department of Physical Examination Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lili He
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Sai Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hanying Xing
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yifang Guo
- College of Postgraduate, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Kaltheuner IH, Anand K, Moecking J, Düster R, Wang J, Gray NS, Geyer M. Abemaciclib is a potent inhibitor of DYRK1A and HIP kinases involved in transcriptional regulation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6607. [PMID: 34785661 PMCID: PMC8595372 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26935-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeodomain-interacting protein kinases (HIPKs) belong to the CMGC kinase family and are closely related to dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinases (DYRKs). HIPKs are regulators of various signaling pathways and involved in the pathology of cancer, chronic fibrosis, diabetes, and multiple neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we report the crystal structure of HIPK3 in its apo form at 2.5 Å resolution. Recombinant HIPKs and DYRK1A are auto-activated and phosphorylate the negative elongation factor SPT5, the transcription factor c-Myc, and the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II, suggesting a direct function in transcriptional regulation. Based on a database search, we identified abemaciclib, an FDA-approved Cdk4/Cdk6 inhibitor used for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer, as potent inhibitor of HIPK2, HIPK3, and DYRK1A. We determined the crystal structures of HIPK3 and DYRK1A bound to abemaciclib, showing a similar binding mode to the hinge region of the kinase as observed for Cdk6. Remarkably, DYRK1A is inhibited by abemaciclib to the same extent as Cdk4/Cdk6 in vitro, raising the question of whether targeting of DYRK1A contributes to the transcriptional inhibition and therapeutic activity of abemaciclib.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kanchan Anand
- Institute of Structural Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jonas Moecking
- Institute of Structural Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Robert Düster
- Institute of Structural Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nathanael S Gray
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Chem-H and the Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Matthias Geyer
- Institute of Structural Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Effect of Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) and SP600125, a JNK Inhibitor, on Wnt Signaling in Canine Prostate Cancer Growth and Bone Metastases. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8080153. [PMID: 34437475 PMCID: PMC8402794 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8080153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) upregulates a noncanonical Wnt/JNK pathway, resulting in osteoclast stimulation, cell proliferation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer cells. Ace-1-Dkk-1, a canine prostate cancer (PCa) cell line overexpressing Dkk-1, was used to investigate Wnt signaling pathways in PCa tumor growth. SP600125, a JNK inhibitor, was used to examine whether it would decrease tumor growth and bone tumor phenotype in canine PCa cells in vitro and in vivo. Ace-1-VectorYFP-Luc and Ace-1-Dkk-1YFP-Luc cells were transplanted subcutaneously, while Ace-1-Dkk-1YFP-Luc was transplanted intratibially into nude mice. The effects of Dkk-1 and SP600125 on cell proliferation, in vivo tumor growth, and bone tumor phenotype were investigated. The mRNA expression levels of Wnt/JNK-related genes were measured using RT-qPCR. Dkk-1 significantly increased the mRNA expression of Wnt/JNK-signaling-related genes. SP600125 significantly upregulated the mRNA expression of osteoblast differentiation genes and downregulated osteoclastic-bone-lysis-related genes in vitro. SP600125 significantly decreased tumor volume and induced spindle-shaped tumor cells in vivo. Mice bearing intratibial tumors had increased radiographic density of the intramedullary new bone, large foci of osteolysis, and increased cortical lysis with abundant periosteal new bone formation. Finally, SP600125 has the potential to serve as an alternative adjuvant therapy in some early-stage PCa patients, especially those with high Dkk-1 expression.
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Xiao W, Wang T, Ye Y, Wang X, Chen B, Xing J, Yang H, Zhang X. Identification of HIPK3 as a potential biomarker and an inhibitor of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:3536-3553. [PMID: 33495417 PMCID: PMC7906163 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Invasion and metastasis are the main causes of poor prognosis in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The homeodomain interacting protein kinases (HIPKs) can regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis. Little is known about the prognostic role of HIPKs in ccRCC. Here we use Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate analysis to analyze the correlation of overall survival (OS) and disease–free survival (DFS). ROC curves analyzed the relationship between clinicopathological parameters and HIPK3 expression in ccRCC. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis confirmed that the expression of HIPK3 was associated with OS (HR, 0.701; P=0.041) and DFS (HR, 0.630; P=0.012). Low HIPK3 expression was a poor prognostic factor and HIPK3 expression was significantly down-regulated in ccRCC cancer tissues when compared with normal renal tissues. In vitro cell results also confirmed that HIPK3 over-expression could inhibit tumor growth and malignant characteristics. The results indicate that low expression of HIPK3 in ccRCC tissues is significantly associated with poor survival rates in tumor patients, and HIPK3 may be used as a valuable biomarker and inhibitor of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xiao
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yuzhong Ye
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuegang Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jinchun Xing
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hongmei Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Downstream Effectors of ILK in Cisplatin-Resistant Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040880. [PMID: 32260415 PMCID: PMC7226328 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite good responses to first-line treatment with platinum-based combination chemotherapy, most ovarian cancer patients will relapse and eventually develop platinum-resistant disease with poor prognosis. Although reports suggest that integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is a potential target for ovarian cancer treatment, identification of ILK downstream effectors has not been fully explored. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular and biological effects of targeting ILK in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer. Western blot analysis showed that phosphorylation levels of ILK were higher in cisplatin-resistant compared with cisplatin-sensitive ovarian cancer cells. Further immunohistochemical analysis of ovarian cancer patient samples showed a significant increase in phosphorylated ILK levels in the tumor tissue when compared to normal ovarian epithelium. Targeting ILK by small-interfering RNA (siRNA) treatment reduced cisplatin-resistant cell growth and invasion ability, and increased apoptosis. Differential gene expression analysis by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) upon ILK-siRNA transfection followed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) and survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier plotter database identified multiple target genes involved in cell growth, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis, including several non-coding RNAs. Taken together, results from this study support ILK as an attractive target for ovarian cancer and provide potential ILK downstream effectors with prognostic and therapeutic value.
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Hu Y, Guo F, Zhu H, Tan X, Zhu X, Liu X, Zhang W, Yang Q, Jiang Y. Circular RNA-0001283 Suppresses Breast Cancer Proliferation and Invasion via MiR-187/HIPK3 Axis. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e921502. [PMID: 32066649 PMCID: PMC7047918 DOI: 10.12659/msm.921502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are key regulators that take part in the carcinogenesis and development of breast cancer. The current study aimed to identify the expression of and explored the function of circRNA-0001283 in breast cancer. Material/Methods Breast cancer tissue samples were tested using high-throughput sequencing to identify the levels of relative genes; and proteins were addressed by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western-blot. Cell ability and cell apoptosis were investigated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry. Invasion was detected by Transwell invasion assay. The identification of target genes was analyzed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Result Downregulation of circRNA-0001283 expression was observed in breast cancer tissue samples. Ectopic expression of circRNA-0001283 remarkably suppressed cell viability and invasion, and induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, circRNA-0001283 bound to miR-187 and decreased the expression of miR-187, which resulted in inhibition in cell growth and invasion. Finally, we showed that circRNA-0001283 positively regulated HIPK3 expression by sponging miR-187. Conclusions The results reveal a new functional circRNA-0001283 in breast cancer and may provide targets for developing novel therapeutic strategies for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China (mainland).,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Feixiang Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China (mainland).,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Hongquan Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaobin Tan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiansen Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Wannan Medical College Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Yaling Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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Deng Y, Wang J, Xie G, Zeng X, Li H. Circ-HIPK3 Strengthens the Effects of Adrenaline in Heart Failure by MiR-17-3p - ADCY6 Axis. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:2484-2496. [PMID: 31595165 PMCID: PMC6775314 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.36149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Overactivation of β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) can improve cardiac function temporarily but promotes the development and mortality of heart failure (HF) in the long run. CircRNA, a member of noncoding RNAs, can tolerate digestion of exonuclease and be a chronic stimulator to cell. But the relationship of circRNA with HF remains a puzzle and needs to be explored. Here, we found that circ-HIPK3 affected the concentration of Ca2+ in cytoplasm by miR-17-3p through ADCY6 (Adenylate cyclase type 6). The increase of ADCY6 caused by circ-HIPK3 was ameliorated by miR-17-3p overexpression and vice versa, implicating the existence of circ-HIPK3 - miR-17-3p - ADCY6 axis. And further assays showed that the level of circ-HIPK3 in heart was upregulated by adrenaline via transcription factor CREB1 (cAMP responsive element-binding protein 1). Experiments in vivo showed downregulation of circ-HIPK3 can alleviate fibrosis and maintain cardiac function post MI in mice. In conclusion, the increased circ-HIPK3 can be a helper for adrenaline but was harmful for heart in the long run and might be an ideal therapeutic target of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guojin Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaochen Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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MiR-382 functions as tumor suppressor and chemosensitizer in colorectal cancer. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20180441. [PMID: 29700213 PMCID: PMC6689104 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in tumorigenesis. Decreased expression of miR-382 has been observed in various types of cancers. However, the biological function of miR-382 in colorectal cancer (CRC) is still largely unknown. Here, we found that miR-382 was down-regulated in human colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines associated with it. MiR-382 inhibited colorectal cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and enhance chemosensitivity. Furthermore, we identified Krüppel-like factor 12 (KLF12) and homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 3 (HIPK3) as the target of miR-382, and miR-382 rescued the promotion effect of KFL12 on migration and enhanced chemosensitivity in colorectal cancer cell lines. Collectively, these findings revealed that miR-382 inhibits migration and enhances chemosensitivity by targeting KLF12 and HIPK3 in colorectal cancer. These findings might serve as a tumor suppressor in CRC.
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12
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Khanduri A, Sahu AR, Wani SA, Khan RIN, Pandey A, Saxena S, Malla WA, Mondal P, Rajak KK, Muthuchelvan D, Mishra B, Sahoo AP, Singh YP, Singh RK, Gandham RK, Mishra BP. Dysregulated miRNAome and Proteome of PPRV Infected Goat PBMCs Reveal a Coordinated Immune Response. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2631. [PMID: 30524425 PMCID: PMC6262310 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the miRNAome and proteome of virulent Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infected goat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were analyzed. The identified differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were found to govern genes that modulate immune response based on the proteome data. The top 10 significantly enriched immune response processes were found to be governed by 98 genes. The top 10 DEmiRNAs governing these 98 genes were identified based on the number of genes governed by them. Out of these 10 DEmiRNAs, 7 were upregulated, and 3 were downregulated. These include miR-664, miR-2311, miR-2897, miR-484, miR-2440, miR-3533, miR-574, miR-210, miR-21-5p, and miR-30. miR-664 and miR-484 with proviral and antiviral activities, respectively, were upregulated in PPRV infected PBMCs. miR-210 that inhibits apoptosis was downregulated. miR-21-5p that decreases the sensitivity of cells to the antiviral activity of IFNs and miR-30b that inhibits antigen processing and presentation by primary macrophages were downregulated, indicative of a strong host response to PPRV infection. miR-21-5p was found to be inhibited on IPA upstream regulatory analysis of RNA-sequencing data. This miRNA that was also highly downregulated and was found to govern 16 immune response genes in the proteome data was selected for functional validation vis-a-vis TGFBR2 (TGF-beta receptor type-2). TGFBR2 that regulates cell differentiation and is involved in several immune response pathways was found to be governed by most of the identified immune modulating DEmiRNAs. The decreased luciferase activity in Dual Luciferase Reporter Assay indicated specific binding of miR-21-5p and miR-484 to their target thus establishing specific binding of the miRNAs to their targets.This is the first report on the miRNAome and proteome of virulent PPRV infected goat PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Khanduri
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| | - Amit Ranjan Sahu
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India.,DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sajad Ahmad Wani
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India.,The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, OH, United States
| | - Raja Ishaq Nabi Khan
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| | - Aruna Pandey
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| | - Shikha Saxena
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| | - Waseem Akram Malla
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| | - Piyali Mondal
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| | - Kaushal Kishor Rajak
- Division of Biological Products, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| | - D Muthuchelvan
- Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Mukteswar, India
| | - Bina Mishra
- Division of Biological Products, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| | - Aditya P Sahoo
- ICAR- Directorate of Foot and Mouth Disease, Mukteswar, India
| | - Yash Pal Singh
- ARIS Cell, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| | - Raj Kumar Singh
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Gandham
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India.,DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Bishnu Prasad Mishra
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, India
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13
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Liu Y, Qian L, Yang J, Huang H, Feng J, Li X, Bian T, Ke H, Liu J, Zhang J. The expression level and prognostic value of HIPK3 among non-small-cell lung cancer patients in China. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:7459-7469. [PMID: 30498360 PMCID: PMC6207246 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s166878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world and is at the forefront of causes of all cancer deaths. Identification of new prognostic predictors or therapeutic targets might improve a patient's survival rate. Purpose The Homeodomain interacting protein kinases (HIPKs) function as modulators of cellular stress responses and regulate cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, but the function of HIPK3 is remain unknown. Patients and methods We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting methods to detective the expression of HIPK3. A total of 206 samples were obtained from patients and Immunochemical evaluation to determine HIPK3 protein expression. HIPK3 protein levels in in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were correlated with the clinical characteristics of patients and their 5-year survival rate. In addition, HIPK3 knockdown by specific RNAi promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in A549 and HCC827 cancer cell lines. Results The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting methods to demonstrate that HIPK3 expression was significantly down-regulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues compared with that in normal lung tissues. At the same time, the results of immunohistochemistry assays showed that low expression of HIPK3 was significantly associated with pathology grade; tumor, node, and metastases (TNM) stage; lymph node metastasis; Ki-67 expression; and the 5-year survival rate in NSCLC patients. Univariate analysis revealed that HIPK3 expression, Ki-67 expression, tumor diameter, TNM stage, and age were significantly associated with a poor prognosis. The multivariable analysis illustrated that HIPK3, tumor diameter, TNM, Ki-67 expression, and age had effects on the overall survival of NSCLC patients independently. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that NSCLC patients with a lower HIPK3 expression had a poorer prognosis. In addition, in vivo results also confirmed that HIPK3 over-expression could inhibit tumor growth. Conclusion Our findings confirmed that low expression of HIPK3 in NSCLC tissues was significantly correlated with poor survival rates after curative resection. HIPK3 could potentially be used as a valuable biomarker in the prognosis of the survival of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China,
| | - Li Qian
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China,
| | - Juanjuan Yang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China,
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China,
| | - Jia Feng
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China,
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China,
| | - Tingting Bian
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China,
| | - Honggang Ke
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Chemotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China,
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China,
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14
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Wang C, Ren M, Zhao X, Wang A, Wang J. Emerging Roles of Circular RNAs in Osteosarcoma. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:7043-7050. [PMID: 30282962 PMCID: PMC6183101 DOI: 10.12659/msm.912092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor in early adolescence with high metastasis and death rates. Although the combination of polychemotherapy and surgical excision increased the survival rates up to 60%, the prognosis remains poor for most patients with metastatic or recurrent osteosarcoma. However, the exact pathogenic mechanism and pivotal elements regulating tumor invasion and metastasis are largely unknown. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are novel endogenous non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules that generate the cyclic structure from back splicing. An increasing number of studies show that circRNAs can regulate transcriptional or posttranscriptional gene expression by acting as microRNA (miRNA) sponges and are involved in regulation of many important biological processes. The deregulation of some circRNAs was demonstrated in osteosarcoma. Furthermore, some circRNAs were identified to play essential roles in osteosarcoma occurrence, invasion, and metastasis. This review summarizes the regulatory effect of circRNAs in the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma, concentrating on deregulation, regulatory mechanisms, and functions of circRNAs and their potential value as biomarkers and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Wang
- Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, South Korea.,Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Ming Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Ao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
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15
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Qiu LP, Wu YH, Yu XF, Tang Q, Chen L, Chen KP. The Emerging Role of Circular RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Cancer 2018; 9:1548-1559. [PMID: 29760792 PMCID: PMC5950583 DOI: 10.7150/jca.24566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks the third leading cause of cancer death in the world and has a notably low survival rate. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are newly classed non-coding RNA (ncRNA) members that are capable of regulating gene expression at transcription or post-transcription levels. Recent studies demonstrate that some circRNAs are differentially expressed in HCC, and the deregulation of these circRNAs is associated with the clinical pathological and prognostic significance. They also play essential roles in HCC progression, and contribute to cell proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis by targeting different microRNAs (miRNAs) and protein-coding genes. In this review, we concentrate on recent progress of some important circRNAs in HCC, with an emphasis on their deregulation, functions and regulatory mechanisms, and discuss their potential utility as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Peng Qiu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi-Hang Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke-Ping Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
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16
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Stoll L, Sobel J, Rodriguez-Trejo A, Guay C, Lee K, Venø MT, Kjems J, Laybutt DR, Regazzi R. Circular RNAs as novel regulators of β-cell functions in normal and disease conditions. Mol Metab 2018; 9:69-83. [PMID: 29396373 PMCID: PMC5870096 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is strong evidence for an involvement of different classes of non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, in the regulation of β-cell activities and in diabetes development. Circular RNAs were recently discovered to constitute a substantial fraction of the mammalian transcriptome but the contribution of these non-coding RNAs in physiological and disease processes remains largely unknown. The goal of this study was to identify the circular RNAs expressed in pancreatic islets and to elucidate their possible role in the control of β-cells functions. METHODS We used a microarray approach to identify circular RNAs expressed in human islets and searched their orthologues in RNA sequencing data from mouse islets. We then measured the level of four selected circular RNAs in the islets of different Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes models and analyzed the role of these circular transcripts in the regulation of insulin secretion, β-cell proliferation, and apoptosis. RESULTS We identified thousands of circular RNAs expressed in human pancreatic islets, 497 of which were conserved in mouse islets. The level of two of these circular transcripts, circHIPK3 and ciRS-7/CDR1as, was found to be reduced in the islets of diabetic db/db mice. Mimicking this decrease in the islets of wild type animals resulted in impaired insulin secretion, reduced β-cell proliferation, and survival. ciRS-7/CDR1as has been previously proposed to function by blocking miR-7. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that circHIPK3 acts by sequestering a group of microRNAs, including miR-124-3p and miR-338-3p, and by regulating the expression of key β-cell genes, such as Slc2a2, Akt1, and Mtpn. CONCLUSIONS Our findings point to circular RNAs as novel regulators of β-cell activities and suggest an involvement of this novel class of non-coding RNAs in β-cell dysfunction under diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Stoll
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Sobel
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Claudiane Guay
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kailun Lee
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Morten Trillingsgaard Venø
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Kjems
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - D Ross Laybutt
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Romano Regazzi
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
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17
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Deregulated FADD expression and phosphorylation in T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:61485-61499. [PMID: 27556297 PMCID: PMC5308666 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, we show that T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma cells exhibit a reduction of FADD availability in the cytoplasm, which may contribute to impaired apoptosis. In addition, we observe a reduction of FADD phosphorylation that inversely correlates with the proliferation capacity and tumor aggressiveness. The resultant balance between FADD-dependent apoptotic and non-apoptotic abilities may define the outcome of the tumor. Thus, we propose that FADD expression and phosphorylation can be reliable biomarkers with prognostic value for T-LBL stratification.
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18
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Yu M, Fu Y, Liang Y, Song H, Yao Y, Wu P, Yao Y, Pan Y, Wen X, Ma L, Hexige S, Ding Y, Luo S, Lu B. Suppression of MAPK11 or HIPK3 reduces mutant Huntingtin levels in Huntington's disease models. Cell Res 2017; 27:1441-1465. [PMID: 29151587 PMCID: PMC5717400 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2017.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most neurodegenerative disorders are associated with accumulation of disease-relevant proteins. Among them, Huntington disease (HD) is of particular interest because of its monogenetic nature. HD is mainly caused by cytotoxicity of the defective protein encoded by the mutant Huntingtin gene (HTT). Thus, lowering mutant HTT protein (mHTT) levels would be a promising treatment strategy for HD. Here we report two kinases HIPK3 and MAPK11 as positive modulators of mHTT levels both in cells and in vivo. Both kinases regulate mHTT via their kinase activities, suggesting that inhibiting these kinases may have therapeutic values. Interestingly, their effects on HTT levels are mHTT-dependent, providing a feedback mechanism in which mHTT enhances its own level thus contributing to mHTT accumulation and disease progression. Importantly, knockout of MAPK11 significantly rescues disease-relevant behavioral phenotypes in a knockin HD mouse model. Collectively, our data reveal new therapeutic entry points for HD and target-discovery approaches for similar diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yuhua Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yijiang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Haikun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Peng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yuwei Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yuyin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lixiang Ma
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Saiyin Hexige
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shouqing Luo
- Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, University of Plymouth, Research Way, Plymouth, PL68BU, UK
| | - Boxun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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19
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Lee CC, Chang WH, Chang YS, Liu TY, Chen YC, Wu YC, Chang JG. 4β-Hydroxywithanolide E Modulates Alternative Splicing of Apoptotic Genes in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Huh-7 Cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7290. [PMID: 28779122 PMCID: PMC5544667 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07472-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing is a mechanism for increasing protein diversity from a limited number of genes. Studies have demonstrated that aberrant regulation in the alternative splicing of apoptotic gene transcripts may contribute to the development of cancer. In this study, we isolated 4β-Hydroxywithanolide E (4bHWE) from the traditional herb Physalis peruviana and investigated its biological effect in cancer cells. The results demonstrated that 4bHWE modulates the alternative splicing of various apoptotic genes, including HIPK3, SMAC/DIABLO, and SURVIVIN. We also discovered that the levels of SRSF1 phospho-isoform were decreased and the levels of H3K36me3 were increased in 4bHWE treatment. Knockdown experiments revealed that the splicing site selection of SMAC/DIABLO could be mediated by changes in the level of H3K36me3 in 4bHWE-treated cells. Furthermore, we extended our study to apoptosis-associated molecules, and detected increased levels of poly ADP-ribose polymerase cleavage and the active form of CASPASE-3 in 4bHWE-induced apoptosis. In vivo experiments indicated that the treatment of tumor-bearing mice with 4bHWE resulted in a marked decrease in tumor size. This study is the first to demonstrate that 4bHWE affects alternative splicing by modulating splicing factors and histone modifications, and provides a novel view of the antitumor mechanism of 4bHWE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chin Lee
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsin Chang
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Sian Chang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yuan Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Chen
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Chang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Research Center for Natural Products and Drug Development, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Jan-Gowth Chang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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20
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García-García AB, Gómez-Mateo MC, Hilario R, Rentero-Garrido P, Martínez-Domenech A, Gonzalez-Albert V, Cervantes A, Marín-Garcia P, Chaves FJ, Ferrández-Izquierdo A, Sabater L. mRNA expression profiles obtained from microdissected pancreatic cancer cells can predict patient survival. Oncotarget 2017; 8:104796-104805. [PMID: 29285214 PMCID: PMC5739601 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most devastating malignancies in developed countries because of its very poor prognosis and high mortality rates. By the time PDAC is usually diagnosed only 20-25% of patients are candidates for surgery, and the rate of survival for this cancer is low even when a patient with PDAC does undergo surgery. Lymph node invasion is an extremely bad prognosis factor for this disease. Methods We analyzed the mRNA expression profile in 30 PDAC samples from patients with resectable local disease (stages I and II). Neoplastic cells were isolated by laser-microdissection in order to avoid sample ‘contamination’ by non-tumor cells. Due to important differences in the prognoses of PDAC patients with and without lymph node involvement (stage IIB and stages I-IIA, respectively), we also analyzed the association between the mRNA expression profiles from these groups of patients and their survival. Results We identified expression profiles associated with patient survival in the whole patient cohort and in each group (stage IIB samples or stage I-IIA samples). Our results indicate that survival-associated genes are different in the groups with and without affected lymph nodes. Survival curves indicate that these expression profiles can help physicians to improve the prognostic classification of patients based on these profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Barbara García-García
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Genómica y Diagnóstico Genético. Fundación Investigación Clínico de Valencia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Clínico de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - M Carmen Gómez-Mateo
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia and Clinical Hospital of Valencia, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Clínico de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain.,Current/Present address: Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Rebeca Hilario
- Unidad de Genómica y Diagnóstico Genético. Fundación Investigación Clínico de Valencia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Clínico de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Rentero-Garrido
- Unidad de Genómica y Diagnóstico Genético. Fundación Investigación Clínico de Valencia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Clínico de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Alvaro Martínez-Domenech
- Department of Surgery, University of Valencia, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Clínico de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Veronica Gonzalez-Albert
- Unidad de Genómica y Diagnóstico Genético. Fundación Investigación Clínico de Valencia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Clínico de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Andres Cervantes
- Hematology and Medical Oncology Unit, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA and Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pablo Marín-Garcia
- Bioinformatics Unit. Fundación Investigación Clínico de Valencia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Clínico de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Felipe Javier Chaves
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Genómica y Diagnóstico Genético. Fundación Investigación Clínico de Valencia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Clínico de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Ferrández-Izquierdo
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia and Clinical Hospital of Valencia, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Clínico de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis Sabater
- Department of Surgery, University of Valencia, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Clínico de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
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Yamada Y, Takayama KI, Fujimura T, Ashikari D, Obinata D, Takahashi S, Ikeda K, Kakutani S, Urano T, Fukuhara H, Homma Y, Inoue S. A novel prognostic factor TRIM44 promotes cell proliferation and migration, and inhibits apoptosis in testicular germ cell tumor. Cancer Sci 2016; 108:32-41. [PMID: 27754579 PMCID: PMC5276827 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif 44 (TRIM44) is one of the TRIM family proteins that are involved in ubiquitination and degradation of target proteins by modulating E3 ubiquitin ligases. TRIM44 overexpression has been observed in various cancers. However, its association with testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) is unknown. We aimed to investigate the clinical significance of TRIM44 and its function in TGCT. High expression of TRIM44 was significantly associated with α feto-protein levels, clinical stage, nonseminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT), and cancer-specific survival (P = 0.0009, P = 0.0035, P = 0.0004, and P = 0.0140, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that positive TRIM44 IR was an independent predictor of cancer-specific mortality (P = 0.046). Gain-of-function study revealed that overexpression of TRIM44 promoted cell proliferation and migration of NTERA2 and NEC8 cells. Knockdown of TRIM44 using siRNA promoted apoptosis and repressed cell proliferation and migration in these cells. Microarray analysis of NTERA2 cells revealed that tumor suppressor genes such as CADM1, CDK19, and PRKACB were upregulated in TRIM44-knockdown cells compared to control cells. In contrast, oncogenic genes including C3AR1, ST3GAL5, and NT5E were downregulated in those cells. These results suggest that high expression of TRIM44 is associated with poor prognosis and that TRIM44 plays significant role in cell proliferation, migration, and anti-apoptosis in TGCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Yamada
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Geriatric Medicine and Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Takayama
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Functional Biogerontology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Fujimura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisaku Ashikari
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - Daisuke Obinata
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ikeda
- Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center of Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shigenori Kakutani
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Urano
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fukuhara
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Homma
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Functional Biogerontology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center of Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
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22
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Cellular adhesome screen identifies critical modulators of focal adhesion dynamics, cellular traction forces and cell migration behaviour. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31707. [PMID: 27531518 PMCID: PMC4987721 DOI: 10.1038/srep31707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells migrate from the primary tumour into surrounding tissue in order to form metastasis. Cell migration is a highly complex process, which requires continuous remodelling and re-organization of the cytoskeleton and cell-matrix adhesions. Here, we aimed to identify genes controlling aspects of tumour cell migration, including the dynamic organization of cell-matrix adhesions and cellular traction forces. In a siRNA screen targeting most cell adhesion-related genes we identified 200+ genes that regulate size and/or dynamics of cell-matrix adhesions in MCF7 breast cancer cells. In a subsequent secondary screen, the 64 most effective genes were evaluated for growth factor-induced cell migration and validated by tertiary RNAi pool deconvolution experiments. Four validated hits showed significantly enlarged adhesions accompanied by reduced cell migration upon siRNA-mediated knockdown. Furthermore, loss of PPP1R12B, HIPK3 or RAC2 caused cells to exert higher traction forces, as determined by traction force microscopy with elastomeric micropillar post arrays, and led to considerably reduced force turnover. Altogether, we identified genes that co-regulate cell-matrix adhesion dynamics and traction force turnover, thereby modulating overall motility behaviour.
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23
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Circular RNA profiling reveals an abundant circHIPK3 that regulates cell growth by sponging multiple miRNAs. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11215. [PMID: 27050392 PMCID: PMC4823868 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1529] [Impact Index Per Article: 191.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a class of widespread and diverse endogenous RNAs that may regulate gene expression in eukaryotes. However, the regulation and function of human circRNAs remain largely unknown. Here we generate ribosomal-depleted RNA sequencing data from six normal tissues and seven cancers, and detect at least 27,000 circRNA candidates. Many of these circRNAs are differently expressed between the normal and cancerous tissues. We further characterize one abundant circRNA derived from Exon2 of the HIPK3 gene, termed circHIPK3. The silencing of circHIPK3 but not HIPK3 mRNA significantly inhibits human cell growth. Via a luciferase screening assay, circHIPK3 is observed to sponge to 9 miRNAs with 18 potential binding sites. Specifically, we show that circHIPK3 directly binds to miR-124 and inhibits miR-124 activity. Our results provide evidence that circular RNA produced from precursor mRNA may have a regulatory role in human cells.
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24
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Xu M, Jin H, Xu CX, Sun B, Mao Z, Bi WZ, Wang Y. miR-382 inhibits tumor growth and enhance chemosensitivity in osteosarcoma. Oncotarget 2015; 5:9472-83. [PMID: 25344865 PMCID: PMC4253447 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of miRNAs is involved in osteosarcoma (OS). Here, we demonstrate that miR-382 is decreased in specimens of OS patients with a poor chemoresponse compared to those with a good chemoresponse. In addition, our clinical data show that decreased miR-382 was associated with poor survival in OS patients. Overexpression of miR-382 inhibited cell growth and chemoresistance by targeting KLF12 and HIPK3, respectively. In contrast, inhibition of miR-382 or overexpression of target genes stimulated OS cell growth and chemoresistance both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these findings suggest that miR-382 is a tumor suppressor miRNA and induction of miR-382 is a potential strategy to inhibit OS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Cheng-Xiong Xu
- Departments of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi Mao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Bi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
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25
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Schmitz ML, Rodriguez-Gil A, Hornung J. Integration of stress signals by homeodomain interacting protein kinases. Biol Chem 2015; 395:375-86. [PMID: 24225127 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2013-0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The family of homeodomain interacting protein kinases (HIPKs) consists of four related kinases, HIPK1 to HIPK4. These serine/threonine kinases are evolutionary conserved and derive from the yeast kinase Yak1. The largest group of HIPK phosphorylation substrates is represented by transcription factors and chromatin-associated regulators of gene expression, thus transferring HIPK-derived signals into changes of gene expression programs. The HIPKs mainly function as regulators of developmental processes and as integrators of a wide variety of stress signals. A number of conditions representing precarious situations, such as DNA damage, hypoxia, reactive oxygen intermediates and metabolic stress affect the function of HIPKs. The kinases function as integrators for these stress signals and feed them into many different downstream effector pathways that serve to cope with these precarious situations. HIPKs do not function as essential core components in the different stress signaling pathways, but rather serve as modulators of signal output and as connectors of different stress signaling pathways. Their central role as signaling hubs with the ability to shape many downstream effector pathways frequently implies them in proliferative diseases such as cancer or fibrosis.
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26
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Identification of subtype specific miRNA-mRNA functional regulatory modules in matched miRNA-mRNA expression data: multiple myeloma as a case. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:501262. [PMID: 25874214 PMCID: PMC4385567 DOI: 10.1155/2015/501262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Identification of miRNA-mRNA modules is an important step to elucidate their combinatorial effect on the pathogenesis and mechanisms underlying complex diseases. Current identification methods primarily are based upon miRNA-target information and matched miRNA and mRNA expression profiles. However, for heterogeneous diseases, the miRNA-mRNA regulatory mechanisms may differ between subtypes, leading to differences in clinical behavior. In order to explore the pathogenesis of each subtype, it is important to identify subtype specific miRNA-mRNA modules. In this study, we integrated the Ping-Pong algorithm and multiobjective genetic algorithm to identify subtype specific miRNA-mRNA functional regulatory modules (MFRMs) through integrative analysis of three biological data sets: GO biological processes, miRNA target information, and matched miRNA and mRNA expression data. We applied our method on a heterogeneous disease, multiple myeloma (MM), to identify MM subtype specific MFRMs. The constructed miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks provide modular outlook at subtype specific miRNA-mRNA interactions. Furthermore, clustering analysis demonstrated that heterogeneous MFRMs were able to separate corresponding MM subtypes. These subtype specific MFRMs may aid in the further elucidation of the pathogenesis of each subtype and may serve to guide MM subtype diagnosis and treatment.
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27
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Hsu TI, Lin SC, Lu PS, Chang WC, Hung CY, Yeh YM, Su WC, Liao PC, Hung JJ. MMP7-mediated cleavage of nucleolin at Asp255 induces MMP9 expression to promote tumor malignancy. Oncogene 2015; 34:826-37. [PMID: 24632608 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Nucleolin (NCL) participates in DNA transcription, ribosomal biogenesis and the regulation of RNA stability. However, the contribution of NCL to tumor development is still not clear. Herein, we found that NCL expression correlated with poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. Overexpressed NCL was predominantly cleaved to C-terminal truncated NCL (TNCL). In lung cancer formation, activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor pathway induced NCL expression, and also the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 7, which then cleaved NCL at Asp255 to generate TNCL of 55 kDa. TNCL increased the expression of several oncogenes, including MMP9, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), HIF1a and CBLB, and decreased the expression of tumor suppressors including BRD4, PCM1, TFG and KLF6 by modulating mRNA stability through binding to the 3'-untranslated regions of their transcripts, thus ultimately enhancing metastasis activity. In conclusion, this study identified a novel role of the cleavage form of NCL generated by MMP7 in stabilizing MMP9 mRNA. We also provide a new insight that MMP7 not only cleaves the extracellular matrix to promote tumor invasion but also cleaves NCL, which augment oncogenesis. Blocking NCL cleavage may provide a useful new strategy for lung cancer therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Aged
- Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase
- Animals
- Autoantigens/genetics
- Autoantigens/metabolism
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Kruppel-Like Factor 6
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Male
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 7/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 7/metabolism
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/biosynthesis
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Phosphoproteins/genetics
- Phosphoproteins/metabolism
- Proteins/genetics
- Proteins/metabolism
- Proteolysis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl/metabolism
- RNA Stability/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Nucleolin
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Affiliation(s)
- T-I Hsu
- 1] Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan [2] Center for Infection Disease and Signal Transduction, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - S-C Lin
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - P-S Lu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - W-C Chang
- 1] Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan [2] Center for Infection Disease and Signal Transduction, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan [3] Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan [4] Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan [5] Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-Y Hung
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Y-M Yeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - W-C Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - P-C Liao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - J-J Hung
- 1] Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan [2] Center for Infection Disease and Signal Transduction, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan [3] Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan [4] Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan [5] Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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28
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Yin Y, Zhang S, Luo H, Zhang X, Geng G, Li J, Guo X, Cai W, Li L, Liu C, Zhang H. Interleukin 7 up-regulates CD95 protein on CD4+ T cells by affecting mRNA alternative splicing: priming for a synergistic effect on HIV-1 reservoir maintenance. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:35-45. [PMID: 25411246 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.598631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-7 (IL-7) has been used as an immunoregulatory and latency-reversing agent in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Although IL-7 can restore circulating CD4(+) T cell counts in HIV-1-infected patients, the anti-apoptotic and proliferative effects of IL-7 appear to benefit survival and expansion of HIV-1-latently infected memory CD4(+) T lymphocytes. IL-7 has been shown to elevate CD95 on CD4(+) T cells in HIV-1-infected individuals and prime CD4(+) T lymphocytes to CD95-mediated proliferative or apoptotic signals. Here we observed that through increasing microRNA-124, IL-7 down-regulates the splicing regulator polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB), leading to inclusion of the transmembrane domain-encoding exon 6 of CD95 mRNA and, subsequently, elevation of CD95 on memory CD4(+) T cells. Moreover, IL-7 up-regulates cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) and stimulates c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation, which switches CD95 signaling to survival mode in memory CD4(+) T lymphocytes. As a result, co-stimulation through IL-7/IL-7R and FasL/CD95 signal pathways augments IL-7-mediated survival and expansion of HIV-1-latently infected memory CD4(+) T lymphocytes. Collectively, we have demonstrated a novel mechanism for IL-7-mediated maintenance of HIV-1 reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yin
- From the Institute of Human Virology and Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China and
| | - Shaoying Zhang
- From the Institute of Human Virology and Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China and
| | - Haihua Luo
- From the Institute of Human Virology and Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China and
| | - Xu Zhang
- From the Institute of Human Virology and Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China and
| | - Guannan Geng
- From the Institute of Human Virology and Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China and
| | - Jun Li
- From the Institute of Human Virology and Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China and
| | - Xuemin Guo
- From the Institute of Human Virology and Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China and
| | - Weiping Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Linghua Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chao Liu
- From the Institute of Human Virology and Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China and
| | - Hui Zhang
- From the Institute of Human Virology and Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China and
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29
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Tudoran OM, Soritau O, Balacescu L, Pop L, Meurice G, Visan S, Lindberg S, Eniu A, Langel U, Balacescu O, Berindan-Neagoe I. PDGF beta targeting in cervical cancer cells suggest a fine-tuning of compensatory signalling pathways to sustain tumourigenic stimulation. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 19:371-82. [PMID: 25311137 PMCID: PMC4407607 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signalling pathway has been reported to play an important role in human cancers by modulating autocrine and paracrine processes such as tumour growth, metastasis and angiogenesis. Several clinical trials document the benefits of targeting this pathway; however, in cervical cancer the role of PDGF signalling in still unclear. In this study, we used siRNA against PDGF beta (PDGFBB) to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of PDGFBB signalling in Ca Ski and HeLa cervical cancer cells. Our results show that PDGFBB inhibition in Ca Ski cells led to rapid alterations of the transcriptional pattern of 579 genes, genes that are known to have antagonistic roles in regulating tumour progression. Concomitantly, with the lack of significant effects on cervical cancer cells proliferation, apoptosis, migration or invasion, these findings suggests that cervical cancer cells shift between compensatory signalling pathways to maintain their behaviour. The observed autocrine effects were limited to cervical cancer cells ability to adhere to an endothelial cell (EC) monolayer. However, by inhibiting PDGFBB on cervical cells, we achieved reduced proliferation of ECs in co-culture settings and cellular aggregation in conditioned media. Because of lack of PDGF receptor expression on ECs, we believe that these effects are a result of indirect PDGFBB paracrine signalling mechanisms. Our results shed some light into the understanding of PDGFBB signalling mechanism in cervical cancer cells, which could be further exploited for the development of synergistic anti-tumour and anti-angiogenic therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Mihaela Tudoran
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. I. Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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30
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Saloura V, Cho HS, Kiyotani K, Alachkar H, Zuo Z, Nakakido M, Tsunoda T, Seiwert T, Lingen M, Licht J, Nakamura Y, Hamamoto R. WHSC1 promotes oncogenesis through regulation of NIMA-related kinase-7 in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 13:293-304. [PMID: 25280969 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0292-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) is a relatively common malignancy with suboptimal long-term prognosis, thus new treatment strategies are urgently needed. Over the last decade, histone methyltransferases (HMT) have been recognized as promising targets for cancer therapy, but their mechanism of action in most solid tumors, including SCCHN, remains to be elucidated. This study investigated the role of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1 (WHSC1), an NSD family HMT, in SCCHN. Immunohistochemical analysis of locoregionally advanced SCCHN, dysplastic, and normal epithelial tissue specimens revealed that WHSC1 expression and dimethylation of histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36me2) were significantly higher in SCCHN tissues than in normal epithelium. Both WHSC1 expression and H3K36me2 levels were significantly correlated with histologic grade. WHSC1 knockdown in multiple SCCHN cell lines resulted in significant growth suppression, induction of apoptosis, and delay of the cell-cycle progression. Immunoblot and immunocytochemical analyses in SCCHN cells demonstrated that WHSC1 induced H3K36me2 and H3K36me3. Microarray expression profile analysis revealed NIMA-related kinase-7 (NEK7) to be a downstream target gene of WHSC1, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays showed that NEK7 was directly regulated by WHSC1 through H3K36me2. Furthermore, similar to WHSC1, NEK7 knockdown significantly reduced cell-cycle progression, indicating that NEK7 is a key player in the molecular pathway regulated by WHSC1. IMPLICATIONS WHSC1 possesses oncogenic functions in SCCHN and represents a potential molecular target for the treatment of SCCHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliki Saloura
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hyun-Soo Cho
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Genomics Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 305-333, Republic of Korea
| | - Kazuma Kiyotani
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Houda Alachkar
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zhixiang Zuo
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Makoto Nakakido
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tatsuhiko Tsunoda
- Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tanguy Seiwert
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mark Lingen
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jonathan Licht
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yusuke Nakamura
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ryuji Hamamoto
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
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31
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Abstract
Recent deep sequencing studies have revealed thousands of circular noncoding RNAs generated from protein-coding genes. The mechanism by which the spliceosome selects only certain exons to circularize is largely unknown. Liang and Wilusz used extensive mutagenesis of expression plasmids to show that miniature introns containing the splice sites along with short (∼30- to 40-nt) inverted repeats are sufficient to allow the intervening exons to circularize in cells. The intronic repeats and exonic sequences must collaborate with one another, and a functional 3′ end processing signal is required, suggesting that circularization may occur post-transcriptionally. Recent deep sequencing studies have revealed thousands of circular noncoding RNAs generated from protein-coding genes. These RNAs are produced when the precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) splicing machinery “backsplices” and covalently joins, for example, the two ends of a single exon. However, the mechanism by which the spliceosome selects only certain exons to circularize is largely unknown. Using extensive mutagenesis of expression plasmids, we show that miniature introns containing the splice sites along with short (∼30- to 40-nucleotide) inverted repeats, such as Alu elements, are sufficient to allow the intervening exons to circularize in cells. The intronic repeats must base-pair to one another, thereby bringing the splice sites into close proximity to each other. More than simple thermodynamics is clearly at play, however, as not all repeats support circularization, and increasing the stability of the hairpin between the repeats can sometimes inhibit circular RNA biogenesis. The intronic repeats and exonic sequences must collaborate with one another, and a functional 3′ end processing signal is required, suggesting that circularization may occur post-transcriptionally. These results suggest detailed and generalizable models that explain how the splicing machinery determines whether to produce a circular noncoding RNA or a linear mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Liang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Jeremy E Wilusz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Tobar N, Toyos M, Urra C, Méndez N, Arancibia R, Smith PC, Martínez J. c-Jun N terminal kinase modulates NOX-4 derived ROS production and myofibroblasts differentiation in human breast stromal cells. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:640. [PMID: 25175743 PMCID: PMC4164761 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hard consistency, developed under the influence of tumor cell factors, is a characteristic feature of a breast tumor. Activation of resident fibroblasts leading to a myofibroblast phenotype is the principal feature that orchestrates this fibrotic process. The aim of this study was to assess the effects induced by TGF-β1, a growth factor abundantly present in tumor microenvironment, on the molecular mechanisms that mediate myofibroblastic differentiation of normal human mammary fibroblasts. METHODS We used an immortalized fibroblastic cell line derived from normal mammary tissue (RMF-EG cells) to study the effect of TGF-β1 in the expression of α-SMA and CTGF as markers of myofibroblastic differentiation. The influence of redox status and JNK activity on TGF-β1-induced transcriptional activity was measured by a luciferase reporter assay. We also used a shRNA approach to evaluate the influence of NOX4 in myofibroblastic differentiation. RESULTS TGF-β1 stimulates the expression of myofibroblast markers α-SMA and CTGF. Using a NOX inhibitor (DPI) and cells expressing a shRNA for NOX4, we demonstrated that TGF-β1 promotes an oxidative environment that favors myofibroblastic differentiation. We also found that activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase is required for TGF-β1-dependent expression of CTGF, NOX4 and α-SMA. CONCLUSIONS Human mammary stromal fibrosis, evaluated by the expression of early and late markers as CTGF and α-SMA, depends on the activation of JNK signaling pathway. Our results show that JNK activation is an early event that precedes the increase in ROS levels leading to myofibroblastic differentiation and tumor fibrosis, suggesting that inhibition of JNK may be used a method to interrupt the development of tumor desmoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jorge Martínez
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, INTA, Universidad de Chile, El Líbano 5524, Macul, Santiago, Chile.
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Kim H, Lee HJ, Oh Y, Choi SG, Hong SH, Kim HJ, Lee SY, Choi JW, Su Hwang D, Kim KS, Kim HJ, Zhang J, Youn HJ, Noh DY, Jung YK. The DUSP26 phosphatase activator adenylate kinase 2 regulates FADD phosphorylation and cell growth. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3351. [PMID: 24548998 PMCID: PMC3948464 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenylate kinase 2 (AK2), which balances adenine nucleotide pool, is a multi-functional protein. Here we show that AK2 negatively regulates tumour cell growth. AK2 forms a complex with dual-specificity phosphatase 26 (DUSP26) phosphatase and stimulates DUSP26 activity independently of its AK activity. AK2/DUSP26 phosphatase protein complex dephosphorylates fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD) and regulates cell growth. AK2 deficiency enhances cell proliferation and induces tumour formation in a xenograft assay. This anti-growth function of AK2 is associated with its DUSP26-stimulating activity. Downregulation of AK2 is frequently found in tumour cells and human cancer tissues showing high levels of phospho-FADD(Ser194). Moreover, reconstitution of AK2 in AK2-deficient tumour cells retards both cell proliferation and tumourigenesis. Consistent with this, AK2(+/-) mouse embryo fibroblasts exhibit enhanced cell proliferation with a significant alteration in phospho-FADD(Ser191). These results suggest that AK2 is an associated activator of DUSP26 and suppresses cell proliferation by FADD dephosphorylation, postulating AK2 as a negative regulator of tumour growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjoo Kim
- School of Biological Science/Bio-Max Institute, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Korea
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Ho-June Lee
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Yumin Oh
- School of Biological Science/Bio-Max Institute, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Seon-Guk Choi
- School of Biological Science/Bio-Max Institute, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Se-Hoon Hong
- School of Biological Science/Bio-Max Institute, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Kim
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Song-Yi Lee
- School of Biological Science/Bio-Max Institute, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Ji-Woo Choi
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Korea
| | - Deog Su Hwang
- School of Biological Science/Bio-Max Institute, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Key-Sun Kim
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Korea
| | - Hyo-Joon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan, Kyeonggi-do 425-791, Korea
| | - Jianke Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
| | - Hyun-Jo Youn
- Department of Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 561-180, Korea
| | - Dong-Young Noh
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Korea
| | - Yong-Keun Jung
- School of Biological Science/Bio-Max Institute, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Korea
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Gil-Araujo B, Toledo Lobo MV, Gutiérrez-Salmerón M, Gutiérrez-Pitalúa J, Ropero S, Angulo JC, Chiloeches A, Lasa M. Dual specificity phosphatase 1 expression inversely correlates with NF-κB activity and expression in prostate cancer and promotes apoptosis through a p38 MAPK dependent mechanism. Mol Oncol 2013; 8:27-38. [PMID: 24080497 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2013.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) and the transcription factor NF-κB are implicated in prostate cancer since their expression levels are altered along this disease, although there are no evidences up to date demonstrating a crosstalk between them. In this report, we show for the first time that DUSP1 over-expression in DU145 cells promotes apoptosis and decreases NF-κB activity by blocking p65/NF-κB nuclear translocation. Moreover, although DUSP1 impairs TNF-α-induced p38 MAPK and JNK activation, only the specific inhibition of p38 MAPK exerts the same effects than DUSP1 over-expression on both apoptosis and NF-κB activity. Consistently, DUSP1 promotes apoptosis and decreases NF-κB activity in cells in which p38 MAPK is induced by TNF-α treatment. These results demonstrate that p38 MAPK is specifically involved in DUSP1-mediated effects on both apoptosis and NF-κB activity. Interestingly, we show an inverse correlation between DUSP1 expression and activation of both p65/NF-κB and p38 MAPK in human prostate tissue specimens. Thus, most of apparently normal glands, benign prostatic hyperplasia and low-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia samples show high DUSP1 expression and low levels of both nuclear p65/NF-κB and activated p38 MAPK. By contrast, DUSP1 expression levels are low or even absent in high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and prostatic adenocarcinoma samples, whereas nuclear p65/NF-κB and activated p38 MAPK are highly expressed in the same samples. Overall, our results provide evidence for a role of DUSP1 in the apoptosis of prostate cancer cells, through a mechanism involving the inhibition of p38 MAPK and NF-κB. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the ratio between DUSP1 and p65/NF-κB expression levels, rather than the individual expression of both molecules, is a better marker for diagnostic purposes in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Gil-Araujo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Val Toledo Lobo
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; IRYCIS, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Gutiérrez-Salmerón
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Gutiérrez-Pitalúa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Ropero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier C Angulo
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Chiloeches
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Lasa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Melamed Z, Levy A, Ashwal-Fluss R, Lev-Maor G, Mekahel K, Atias N, Gilad S, Sharan R, Levy C, Kadener S, Ast G. Alternative splicing regulates biogenesis of miRNAs located across exon-intron junctions. Mol Cell 2013; 50:869-81. [PMID: 23747012 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2013.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The initial step in microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis requires processing of the precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA) from a longer primary transcript. Many pre-miRNAs originate from introns, and both a mature miRNA and a spliced RNA can be generated from the same transcription unit. We have identified a mechanism in which RNA splicing negatively regulates the processing of pre-miRNAs that overlap exon-intron junctions. Computational analysis identified dozens of such pre-miRNAs, and experimental validation demonstrated competitive interaction between the Microprocessor complex and the splicing machinery. Tissue-specific alternative splicing regulates maturation of one such miRNA, miR-412, resulting in effects on its targets that code a protein network involved in neuronal cell death processes. This mode of regulation specifically controls maturation of splice-site-overlapping pre-miRNAs but not pre-miRNAs located completely within introns or exons of the same transcript. Our data present a biological role of alternative splicing in regulation of miRNA biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze'ev Melamed
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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Mosakhani N, Räty R, Tyybäkinoja A, Karjalainen-Lindsberg ML, Elonen E, Knuutila S. MicroRNA profiling in chemoresistant and chemosensitive acute myeloid leukemia. Cytogenet Genome Res 2013; 141:272-6. [PMID: 23689423 DOI: 10.1159/000351219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) deregulation is associated with progression and treatment outcome in various types of cancers. To identify miRNAs related to therapeutic response, we applied an miRNA microarray followed by PCR verification of 33 available diagnostic bone marrow core biopsies from 33 acute myeloid leukemia patients including 15 chemoresistant and 18 chemosensitive patients. We found 3 significantly upregulated miRNAs, miR-363, miR-532-5p and miR-342-3p, related to therapeutic response (q < 0.05). Further validation of miR-532-5p and miR-363 expression by quantitative RT-PCR confirmed microarray analysis results. Genes targeted by miR-363 include RGS17 and HIPK3, both reported to be associated with drug response.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mosakhani
- Department of Pathology, Haartman Institute and HUSLAB, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Shojima N, Hara K, Fujita H, Horikoshi M, Takahashi N, Takamoto I, Ohsugi M, Aburatani H, Noda M, Kubota N, Yamauchi T, Ueki K, Kadowaki T. Depletion of homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 3 impairs insulin secretion and glucose tolerance in mice. Diabetologia 2012; 55:3318-30. [PMID: 22983607 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2711-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Insufficient insulin secretion and reduced pancreatic beta cell mass are hallmarks of type 2 diabetes. Here, we focused on a family of serine-threonine kinases known as homeodomain-interacting protein kinases (HIPKs). HIPKs are implicated in the modulation of Wnt signalling, which plays a crucial role in transcriptional activity, and in pancreas development and maintenance. The aim of the present study was to characterise the role of HIPKs in glucose metabolism. METHODS We used RNA interference to characterise the role of HIPKs in regulating insulin secretion and transcription activity. We conducted RT-PCR and western blot analyses to analyse the expression and abundance of HIPK genes and proteins in the islets of high-fat diet-fed mice. Glucose-induced insulin secretion and beta cell proliferation were measured in islets from Hipk3 ( -/- ) mice, which have impaired glucose tolerance owing to an insulin secretion deficiency. The abundance of pancreatic duodenal homeobox (PDX)-1 and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β phosphorylation in Hipk3 ( -/- ) islets was determined by immunohistology and western blot analyses. RESULTS We found that HIPKs regulate insulin secretion and transcription activity. Hipk3 expression was most significantly increased in the islets of high-fat diet-fed mice. Furthermore, glucose-induced insulin secretion and beta cell proliferation were decreased in the islets of Hipk3 ( -/- ) mice. Levels of PDX1 and GSK-3β phosphorylation were significantly decreased in Hipk3 ( -/- ) islets. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Depletion of HIPK3 impairs insulin secretion and glucose tolerance. Decreased levels of HIPK3 may play a substantial role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shojima
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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38
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Dowhan DH, Harrison MJ, Eriksson NA, Bailey P, Pearen MA, Fuller PJ, Funder JW, Simpson ER, Leedman PJ, Tilley WD, Brown MA, Clarke CL, Muscat GEO. Protein arginine methyltransferase 6-dependent gene expression and splicing: association with breast cancer outcomes. Endocr Relat Cancer 2012; 19:509-26. [PMID: 22673335 DOI: 10.1530/erc-12-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase-6 (PRMT6) regulates steroid-dependent transcription and alternative splicing and is implicated in endocrine system development and function, cell death, cell cycle, gene expression and cancer. Despite its role in these processes, little is known about its function and cellular targets in breast cancer. To identify novel gene targets regulated by PRMT6 in breast cancer cells, we used a combination of small interfering RNA and exon-specific microarray profiling in vitro coupled to in vivo validation in normal breast and primary human breast tumours. This approach, which allows the examination of genome-wide changes in individual exon usage and total transcript levels, demonstrated that PRMT6 knockdown significantly affected i) the transcription of 159 genes and ii) alternate splicing of 449 genes. The PRMT6-dependent transcriptional and alternative splicing targets identified in vitro were validated in human breast tumours. Using the list of genes differentially expressed between normal and PRMT6 knockdown cells, we generated a PRMT6-dependent gene expression signature that provides an indication of PRMT6 dysfunction in breast cancer cells. Interrogation of several well-studied breast cancer microarray expression datasets with the PRMT6 gene expression signature demonstrated that PRMT6 dysfunction is associated with better overall relapse-free and distant metastasis-free survival in the oestrogen receptor (ER (ESR1)) breast cancer subgroup. These results suggest that dysregulation of PRMT6-dependent transcription and alternative splicing may be involved in breast cancer pathophysiology and the molecular consequences identifying a unique and informative biomarker profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis H Dowhan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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MAP Kinases and Prostate Cancer. JOURNAL OF SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION 2011; 2012:169170. [PMID: 22046506 PMCID: PMC3199183 DOI: 10.1155/2012/169170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The three major mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) p38, JNK, and ERK are signal transducers involved in a broad range of cell functions including survival, apoptosis, and cell differentiation. Whereas JNK and p38 have been generally linked to cell death and tumor suppression, ERK plays a prominent role in cell survival and tumor promotion, in response to a broad range of stimuli such as cytokines, growth factors, ultraviolet radiation, hypoxia, or pharmacological compounds. However, there is a growing body of evidence supporting that JNK and p38 also contribute to the development of a number of malignances. In this paper we focus on the involvement of the MAPK pathways in prostate cancer, including the less-known ERK5 pathway, as pro- or antitumor mediators, through their effects on apoptosis, survival, metastatic potential, and androgen-independent growth.
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Stress-stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinases control the stability and activity of the Cdt1 DNA replication licensing factor. Mol Cell Biol 2011; 31:4405-16. [PMID: 21930785 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.06163-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA replication is tightly coordinated both with cell cycle cues and with responses to extracellular signals to maintain genome stability. We discovered that human Cdt1, an essential origin licensing protein whose activity must be restricted to G(1) phase, is a substrate of the stress-activated mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). These MAP kinases phosphorylate Cdt1 both during unperturbed G(2) phase and during an acute stress response. Phosphorylation renders Cdt1 resistant to ubiquitin-mediated degradation during S phase and after DNA damage by blocking Cdt1 binding to the Cul4 adaptor, Cdt2. Mutations that block normal cell cycle-regulated MAP kinase-mediated phosphorylation interfere with rapid Cdt1 reaccumulation at the end of S phase. Phosphomimetic mutations recapitulate the stabilizing effects of Cdt1 phosphorylation but also reduce the ability of Cdt1 to support origin licensing. Two other CRL4(Cdt2) targets, the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p21 and the methyltransferase PR-Set7/Set8, are similarly stabilized by MAP kinase activity. These findings support a model in which MAP kinase activity in G(2) promotes reaccumulation of a low-activity Cdt1 isoform after replication is complete.
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Chang JG, Yang DM, Chang WH, Chow LP, Chan WL, Lin HH, Huang HD, Chang YS, Hung CH, Yang WK. Small molecule amiloride modulates oncogenic RNA alternative splicing to devitalize human cancer cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18643. [PMID: 21694768 PMCID: PMC3111415 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2010] [Accepted: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing involves differential exon selection of a gene transcript to generate mRNA and protein isoforms with structural and functional diversity. Abnormal alternative splicing has been shown to be associated with malignant phenotypes of cancer cells, such as chemo-resistance and invasive activity. Screening small molecules and drugs for modulating RNA splicing in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Huh-7, we discovered that amiloride, distinct from four pH-affecting amiloride analogues, could "normalize" the splicing of BCL-X, HIPK3 and RON/MISTR1 transcripts. Our proteomic analyses of amiloride-treated cells detected hypo-phosphorylation of splicing factor SF2/ASF, and decreased levels of SRp20 and two un-identified SR proteins. We further observed decreased phosphorylation of AKT, ERK1/2 and PP1, and increased phosphorylation of p38 and JNK, suggesting that amiloride treatment down-regulates kinases and up-regulates phosphatases in the signal pathways known to affect splicing factor protein phosphorylation. These amiloride effects of "normalized" oncogenic RNA splicing and splicing factor hypo-phosphorylation were both abrogated by pre-treatment with a PP1 inhibitor. Global exon array of amiloride-treated Huh-7 cells detected splicing pattern changes involving 584 exons in 551 gene transcripts, many of which encode proteins playing key roles in ion transport, cellular matrix formation, cytoskeleton remodeling, and genome maintenance. Cellular functional analyses revealed subsequent invasion and migration defects, cell cycle disruption, cytokinesis impairment, and lethal DNA degradation in amiloride-treated Huh-7 cells. Other human solid tumor and leukemic cells, but not a few normal cells, showed similar amiloride-altered RNA splicing with devitalized consequence. This study thus provides mechanistic underpinnings for exploiting small molecule modulation of RNA splicing for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Gowth Chang
- Department of Medical Research, University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (W-KY); (J-GC)
| | - Den-Mei Yang
- Cell/Gene Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsin Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Lu-Ping Chow
- Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Chan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Hua Lin
- Department of Medical Research, University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Sian Chang
- Department of Medical Research, University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hao Hung
- Cell/Gene Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Kuang Yang
- Cell/Gene Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (W-KY); (J-GC)
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Expression of serine 194-phosphorylated Fas-associated death domain protein correlates with proliferation in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Hum Pathol 2011; 42:1117-24. [PMID: 21315423 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2010.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2010] [Revised: 11/01/2010] [Accepted: 11/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Fas-associated death domain protein is a key component of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. In addition, in animal models, Fas-associated death domain protein phosphorylation at serine 194 has been shown to affect cell proliferation, especially in T lymphocytes. The importance of Fas-associated death domain protein phosphorylation at serine 194 for the proliferation of B lymphocytes, however, is uncertain. Here we show in reactive lymph nodes that serine 194 phosphorylated Fas-associated death domain protein is expressed predominantly in the dark (proliferative) zone of germinal centers. In B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines, serine 194 phosphorylated Fas-associated death domain protein levels are substantially higher in highly proliferating cells and lower in serum-starved cells. We also used immunohistochemical analysis to assess Fas-associated death domain protein phosphorylation at serine 194 expression in 122 B-cell non-Hodgkin-type lymphomas. The mean percentage of serine 194 phosphorylated Fas-associated death domain protein positive tumor cells was 81% in Burkitt lymphoma, 41% in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, 18% in follicular lymphoma, 18% in plasma cell myeloma, 12% in extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, 11% in mantle cell lymphoma, and 2% in chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (P < .0001, Kruskal-Wallis test). Furthermore, in chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, serine 194 phosphorylated Fas-associated death domain protein was detected predominantly in proliferation centers. In the entire study group, the percentage of cells positive for serine 194 phosphorylated Fas-associated death domain protein correlated significantly with the proliferation index Ki-67 (Spearman R = 0.9, P < .0001). These data provide evidence that serine 194 phosphorylated Fas-associated death domain protein is involved in the proliferation of normal and neoplastic B cells and has features of a novel proliferation marker.
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Arancibia R, Cáceres M, Martínez J, Smith PC. Triclosan inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha-stimulated urokinase production in human gingival fibroblasts. J Periodontal Res 2010; 44:726-35. [PMID: 19874453 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2008.01184.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Destruction of the supporting periodontal tissues is mediated by the action of several proteolytic enzymes. Urokinase is a serine protease that plays a key role in connective tissue destruction through conversion of plasminogen into plasmin. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of triclosan on the production and activity of urokinase in cultured gingival fibroblasts. MATERIAL AND METHODS Urokinase production was studied in primary cultures of human gingival fibroblasts stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Urokinase activity and production were evaluated using casein zymography and western blotting, respectively. Urokinase mRNA expression was evaluated using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Triclosan was used to interfere with this stimulatory effect. The roles of different cell-signaling cascades involved in urokinase production were assessed through western blotting and immunofluorescence using several cell-signaling inhibitors. RESULTS Tumor necrosis factor-alpha was found to be a strong stimulus for urokinase production and triclosan was able to inhibit this response at the protein and mRNA levels. Triclosan was also able to inhibit conversion of plasminogen into plasmin. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-stimulated urokinase production was shown to be dependent on the nuclear factor-kappaB and c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathways. Triclosan inhibited c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation and c-Jun production. CONCLUSIONS Within the limits of this study, these results show that triclosan may inhibit urokinase production and plasminogen activation in gingival fibroblasts through modulation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Arancibia
- Laboratory of Periodontal Physiology, Dentistry Academic Unit, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Zangrando A, Dell'orto MC, Te Kronnie G, Basso G. MLL rearrangements in pediatric acute lymphoblastic and myeloblastic leukemias: MLL specific and lineage specific signatures. BMC Med Genomics 2009; 2:36. [PMID: 19549311 PMCID: PMC2709660 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8794-2-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2009] [Accepted: 06/23/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The presence of MLL rearrangements in acute leukemia results in a complex number of biological modifications that still remain largely unexplained. Armstrong et al. proposed MLL rearrangement positive ALL as a distinct subgroup, separated from acute lymphoblastic (ALL) and myeloblastic leukemia (AML), with a specific gene expression profile. Here we show that MLL, from both ALL and AML origin, share a signature identified by a small set of genes suggesting a common genetic disregulation that could be at the basis of mixed lineage leukemia in both phenotypes. Methods Using Affymetrix® HG-U133 Plus 2.0 platform, gene expression data from 140 (training set) + 78 (test set) ALL and AML patients with (24+13) and without (116+65) MLL rearrangements have been investigated performing class comparison (SAM) and class prediction (PAM) analyses. Results We identified a MLL translocation-specific (379 probes) signature and a phenotype-specific (622 probes) signature which have been tested using unsupervised methods. A final subset of 14 genes grants the characterization of acute leukemia patients with and without MLL rearrangements. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that a small subset of genes identifies MLL-specific rearrangements and clearly separates acute leukemia samples according to lineage origin. The subset included well-known genes and newly discovered markers that identified ALL and AML subgroups, with and without MLL rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Zangrando
- Laboratory of HematoOncology, Department of Pediatrics "Salus Pueri", University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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Smith MJ, Culhane AC, Donovan M, Coffey JC, Barry BD, Kelly MA, Higgins DG, Wang JH, Kirwan WO, Cotter TG, Redmond HP. Analysis of differential gene expression in colorectal cancer and stroma using fluorescence-activated cell sorting purification. Br J Cancer 2009; 100:1452-64. [PMID: 19401702 PMCID: PMC2694425 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour stroma gene expression in biopsy specimens may obscure the expression of tumour parenchyma, hampering the predictive power of microarrays. We aimed to assess the utility of fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) for generating cell populations for gene expression analysis and to compare the gene expression of FACS-purified tumour parenchyma to that of whole tumour biopsies. Single cell suspensions were generated from colorectal tumour biopsies and tumour parenchyma was separated using FACS. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting allowed reliable estimation and purification of cell populations, generating parenchymal purity above 90%. RNA from FACS-purified and corresponding whole tumour biopsies was hybridised to Affymetrix oligonucleotide microarrays. Whole tumour and parenchymal samples demonstrated differential gene expression, with 289 genes significantly overexpressed in the whole tumour, many of which were consistent with stromal gene expression (e.g., COL6A3, COL1A2, POSTN, TIMP2). Genes characteristic of colorectal carcinoma were overexpressed in the FACS-purified cells (e.g., HOX2D and RHOB). We found FACS to be a robust method for generating samples for gene expression analysis, allowing simultaneous assessment of parenchymal and stromal compartments. Gross stromal contamination may affect the interpretation of cancer gene expression microarray experiments, with implications for hypotheses generation and the stability of expression signatures used for predicting clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Smith
- Department of Academic Surgery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Yun H, Kim HS, Lee S, Kang I, Kim SS, Choe W, Ha J. AMP kinase signaling determines whether c-Jun N-terminal kinase promotes survival or apoptosis during glucose deprivation. Carcinogenesis 2009; 30:529-37. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgn259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Wang J, Hasui K, Utsunomiya A, Jia X, Matsuyama T, Murata F. Association of high proliferation in adult T-cell leukemia cells with apoptosis, and expression of p53 protein in acute type ATL. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 48:1-10. [PMID: 18434687 DOI: 10.3960/jslrt.48.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Proliferation, apoptosis and p53 protein expression in adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cells were investigated. Twenty peripheral blood tissue specimens (PBTS) comprising 7 cases of acute type ATL, 7 cases of chronic type ATL and 6 other leukemias were examined by means of antigen retrieval and the polymer method employing anti-Ki67 antigen (MIB-1), anti-cleaved caspase-3, anti-single stranded DNA and three kinds of anti-p53 protein antibodies including DO7. Most acute and chronic cases of ATL included more than 10% MIB-1-positive proliferating leukemia cells and more than 1% cleaved caspase-3-positive apoptotic cells. Some cells which were positive for both MIB-1 and anti-cleaved caspase-3 antibody were observed in acute type ATL. Nuclear deposition of p53 protein labeled by DO7 was often found in acute type (p < 0.05). Within the medium-sized population of ATL cell nuclei, DO7-positive ATL cells had a smaller nuclear area factor (long axis x short axis) than DO7-negative ATL cells. A few proliferating ATL cells entered apoptosis, and the appearance of a subclone of ATL cells with nuclear deposition of p53 protein labeled by DO7 characterized acute type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Divsion of Persistent & Oncogenic Viruses (Center for Chronic Viral Diseases), Field of Infection and Immunity, Course of Health Research, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Smith MJ, Culhane AC, Killeen S, Kelly MA, Wang JH, Cotter TG, Redmond HP. Mechanisms Driving Local Breast Cancer Recurrence in a Model of Breast-Conserving Surgery. Ann Surg Oncol 2008; 15:2954-64. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-008-0037-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2008] [Revised: 05/28/2008] [Accepted: 05/29/2008] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Kato K, Hasui K, Wang J, Kawano Y, Aikou T, Murata F. Homeostatic mass control in gastric non-neoplastic epithelia under infection of Helicobacter pylori: an immunohistochemical analysis of cell growth, stem cells and programmed cell death. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2008; 41:23-38. [PMID: 18636110 PMCID: PMC2447913 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.07021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2007] [Accepted: 03/04/2008] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated homeostatic mass control in non-neoplastic gastric epithelia under Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in the macroscopically normal-appearing mucosa resected from the stomach with gastric cancer, immunohistochemically analyzing the proliferation, kinetics of stem cells and programmed cell death occurring in them. Ki67 antigen-positive proliferating cells were found dominantly in the elongated neck portion, sparsely in the fundic areas and sporadically in the stroma with chronic infiltrates. CD117 could monitor the kinetics of gastric stem cells and showed its expression in two stages of gastric epithelial differentiation, namely, in transient cells from the gastric epithelial stem cells to the foveolar and glandular cells in the neck portion and in what are apparently progenitor cells from the gastric stem cells in the stroma among the infiltrates. Most of the nuclei were positive for ssDNA in the almost normal mucosa, suggesting DNA damage. Cleaved caspase-3-positive foveolar cells were noted under the surface, suggesting the suppression of apoptosis in the surface foveolar cells. Besides such apoptosis of the foveolar cells, in the severely inflamed mucosa apoptotic cells were found in the neck portion where most of the cells were Ki67 antigen-positive proliferating cells. Beclin-1 was recognized in the cytoplasm and in a few nuclei of the fundic glandular cells, suggesting their autophagic cell death and mutated beclin-1 in the nuclei. Taken together, the direct and indirect effects of HP infection on the gastric epithelial proliferation, differentiation and programmed cell death suggested the in-situ occurrence of gastric cancer under HP infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kato
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Digestive Surgery, Field of Oncology, Course of Advanced Therapeutics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Kazuhisa Hasui
- Department of Immunology (Previous Second Department of Anatomy), Field of Infection and Immunity, Course of Health Research, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
- Division of Persistent & Oncogenic Viruses, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Field of Infection and Immunity, Course of Health Research, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Immunology (Previous Second Department of Anatomy), Field of Infection and Immunity, Course of Health Research, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
- Division of Persistent & Oncogenic Viruses, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Field of Infection and Immunity, Course of Health Research, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Yoshifumi Kawano
- Department of Pediatrics, Field of Developmental Medicine, Course of Health Research, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Takashi Aikou
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Digestive Surgery, Field of Oncology, Course of Advanced Therapeutics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Fusayoshi Murata
- Department of Structural Cell Biology (Previous Second Department of Anatomy), Course of Advanced Therapeutics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
- honorary emeritus Professor of Kagoshima University, vice-President of Kagoshima Medical Technology College
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Cáceres M, Tobar N, Guerrero J, Smith PC, Martínez J. c-jun-NH2JNK mediates invasive potential and EGFR activation by regulating the expression of HB-EGF in a urokinase-stimulated pathway. J Cell Biochem 2008; 103:986-93. [PMID: 17654528 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrated that tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR and the autocrine expression of uPA and HB-EGF depend on the activity of c-jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) in human prostatic DU-145 cells. These cells overexpress EGFR and produce a high amount of uPA. Treatment with either SP600125, a specific chemical inhibitor of JNK, or the expression of a dominant-negative JNK form inhibited autocrine production of uPA and HB-EGF, which block EGFR phosphorylation and mitigates invasive capacity. Our data provided evidence that in DU-145 cells, the maintenance of the activation level of EGFR, which determines the cellular invasive potential, operates through an autocrine loop involving the JNK-dependent production of uPA and HB-EGF activity. Moreover, we found that exogenously added uPA stimulates autocrine production of HB-EGF, and that blocking HB-EGF activity curbed DU-145 cell invasive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Cáceres
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, INTA, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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