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Liu Z, Lu C, Ma L, Li C, Luo H, Liu Y, Liu X, Li H, Cui Y, Zeng J, Bottasso-Arias N, Sinner D, Li L, Wang J, Stainier DYR, Yin W. The T-Type Calcium Channel CACNA1H is Required for Smooth Muscle Cytoskeletal Organization During Tracheal Tubulogenesis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2308622. [PMID: 39360593 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Abnormalities of tracheal smooth muscle (SM) formation are associated with several clinical disorders including tracheal stenosis and tracheomalacia. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying tracheal SM formation remain poorly understood. Here, it is shown that the T-type calcium channel CACNA1H is a novel regulator of tracheal SM formation and contraction. Cacna1h in an ethylnitrosourea forward genetic screen for regulators of respiratory disease using the mouse as a model is identified. Cacna1h mutants exhibit tracheal stenosis, disorganized SM and compromised tracheal contraction. CACNA1H is essential to maintain actin polymerization, which is required for tracheal SM organization and tube formation. This process appears to be partially mediated through activation of the actin regulator RhoA, as pharmacological increase of RhoA activity ameliorates the Cacna1h-mutant trachea phenotypes. Analysis of human tracheal tissues indicates that a decrease in CACNA1H protein levels is associated with congenital tracheostenosis. These results provide insight into the role for the T-type calcium channel in cytoskeletal organization and SM formation during tracheal tube formation and suggest novel targets for congenital tracheostenosis intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, P. R. China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, No. 9 XingDaoHuanBei Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510005, P. R. China
| | - Chunyan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, P. R. China
| | - Li Ma
- Heart center & Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, P. R. China
| | - Changjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, P. R. China
| | - Haiyun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, P. R. China
| | - Yiqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, P. R. China
| | - Xinyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, P. R. China
| | - Haiqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, P. R. China
| | - Yachao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, P. R. China
| | - Jiahang Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, P. R. China
| | - Natalia Bottasso-Arias
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, CCHMC, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Debora Sinner
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, CCHMC, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Le Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, P. R. China
| | - Didier Y R Stainier
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Wenguang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, P. R. China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, No. 9 XingDaoHuanBei Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510005, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510005, P. R. China
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, P. R. China
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Griffith EY, ElSayed M, Dura-Bernal S, Neymotin SA, Uhlrich DJ, Lytton WW, Zhu JJ. Mechanism of an Intrinsic Oscillation in Rat Geniculate Interneurons. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.06.597830. [PMID: 38895250 PMCID: PMC11185623 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.06.597830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Depolarizing current injections produced a rhythmic bursting of action potentials - a bursting oscillation - in a set of local interneurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of rats. The current dynamics underlying this firing pattern have not been determined, though this cell type constitutes an important cellular component of thalamocortical circuitry, and contributes to both pathologic and non-pathologic brain states. We thus investigated the source of the bursting oscillation using pharmacological manipulations in LGN slices in vitro and in silico. 1. Selective blockade of calcium channel subtypes revealed that high-threshold calcium currentsI L andI P contributed strongly to the oscillation. 2. Increased extracellular K+ concentration (decreased K+currents) eliminated the oscillation. 3. Selective blockade of K+ channel subtypes demonstrated that the calcium-sensitive potassium current (I A H P ) was of primary importance. A morphologically simplified, multicompartment model of the thalamic interneuron characterized the oscillation as follows: 1. The low-threshold calcium currentI T provided the strong initial burst characteristic of the oscillation. 2. Alternating fluxes through high-threshold calcium channels andI A H P then provided the continuing oscillation's burst and interburst periods respectively. This interplay betweenI L andI A H P contrasts with the current dynamics underlying oscillations in thalamocortical and reticularis neurons, which primarily involveI T andI H , orI T andI A H P respectively. These findings thus point to a novel electrophysiological mechanism for generating intrinsic oscillations in a major thalamic cell type. Because local interneurons can sculpt the behavior of thalamocortical circuits, these results suggest new targets for the manipulation of ascending thalamocortical network activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Y Griffith
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY
| | - Mohamed ElSayed
- Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SUNY Downstate School of Graduate Studies, Brooklyn, NY
- Department of Psychiatry, New Hampshire Hospital, Concord, NH
| | - Salvador Dura-Bernal
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Samuel A Neymotin
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Daniel J Uhlrich
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - William W Lytton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY
- Department of Neurology, Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, NY
| | - J Julius Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
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3
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Jeong S, Shim JS, Sin SK, Park KS, Lee JH. Phosphorylation states greatly regulate the activity and gating properties of Ca v 3.1 T-type Ca 2+ channels. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:210-226. [PMID: 36502489 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cav 3.1 T-type Ca2+ channels play pivotal roles in neuronal low-threshold spikes, visceral pain, and pacemaker activity. Phosphorylation has been reported to potently regulate the activity and gating properties of Cav 3.1 channels. However, systematic identification of phosphorylation sites (phosphosites) in Cav 3.1 channel has been poorly investigated. In this work, we analyzed rat Cav 3.1 protein expressed in HEK-293 cells by mass spectrometry, identified 30 phosphosites located at the cytoplasmic regions, and illustrated them as a Cav 3.1 phosphorylation map which includes the reported mouse Cav 3.1 phosphosites. Site-directed mutagenesis of the phosphosites to Ala residues and functional analysis of the phospho-silent Cav 3.1 mutants expressed in Xenopus oocytes showed that the phospho-silent mutation of the N-terminal Ser18 reduced its current amplitude with accelerated current kinetics and negatively shifted channel availability. Remarkably, the phospho-silent mutations of the C-terminal Ser residues (Ser1924, Ser2001, Ser2163, Ser2166, or Ser2189) greatly reduced their current amplitude without altering the voltage-dependent gating properties. In contrast, the phosphomimetic Asp mutations of Cav 3.1 on the N- and C-terminal Ser residues reversed the effects of the phospho-silent mutations. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that the multiple phosphosites of Cav 3.1 at the N- and C-terminal regions play crucial roles in the regulation of the channel activity and voltage-dependent gating properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sua Jeong
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Seon Shim
- Department of Physiology, Kyung-Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seok Kyo Sin
- Department of Physiology, Kyung-Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kang-Sik Park
- Department of Physiology, Kyung-Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Ha Lee
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Rinné S, Stallmeyer B, Pinggera A, Netter MF, Matschke LA, Dittmann S, Kirchhefer U, Neudorf U, Opp J, Striessnig J, Decher N, Schulze-Bahr E. Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies a Heterozygous Variant in the Cav1.3 Gene CACNA1D Associated with Familial Sinus Node Dysfunction and Focal Idiopathic Epilepsy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214215. [PMID: 36430690 PMCID: PMC9693521 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cav1.3 voltage-gated L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) are involved in cardiac pacemaking, hearing and hormone secretion, but are also expressed postsynaptically in neurons. So far, homozygous loss of function mutations in CACNA1D encoding the Cav1.3 α1-subunit are described in congenital sinus node dysfunction and deafness. In addition, germline mutations in CACNA1D have been linked to neurodevelopmental syndromes including epileptic seizures, autism, intellectual disability and primary hyperaldosteronism. Here, a three-generation family with a syndromal phenotype of sinus node dysfunction, idiopathic epilepsy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is investigated. Whole genome sequencing and functional heterologous expression studies were used to identify the disease-causing mechanisms in this novel syndromal disorder. We identified a heterozygous non-synonymous variant (p.Arg930His) in the CACNA1D gene that cosegregated with the combined clinical phenotype in an autosomal dominant manner. Functional heterologous expression studies showed that the CACNA1D variant induces isoform-specific alterations of Cav1.3 channel gating: a gain of ion channel function was observed in the brain-specific short CACNA1D isoform (Cav1.3S), whereas a loss of ion channel function was seen in the long (Cav1.3L) isoform. The combined gain-of-function (GOF) and loss-of-function (LOF) induced by the R930H variant are likely to be associated with the rare combined clinical and syndromal phenotypes in the family. The GOF in the Cav1.3S variant with high neuronal expression is likely to result in epilepsy, whereas the LOF in the long Cav1.3L variant results in sinus node dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Rinné
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Vegetative Physiology, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Stallmeyer
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Alexandra Pinggera
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael F. Netter
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Vegetative Physiology, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Lina A. Matschke
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Vegetative Physiology, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Sven Dittmann
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Uwe Kirchhefer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Ulrich Neudorf
- Zentrum für Kinder-und Jugendmedizin, Klinik für Kinderheilkunde III-Bereich Kardiologie, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Joachim Opp
- Ev. Krankenhaus Oberhausen, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Jörg Striessnig
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Niels Decher
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Vegetative Physiology, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (N.D.); (E.S.-B.); Tel.: +49-(0)6421/28-62148 (N.D.); +49-(0)251/83-55326 (E.S.-B.)
| | - Eric Schulze-Bahr
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
- Correspondence: (N.D.); (E.S.-B.); Tel.: +49-(0)6421/28-62148 (N.D.); +49-(0)251/83-55326 (E.S.-B.)
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5
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Kuznetsov SV, Kuznetsova NN. Effects of Ni2+ on Heart and Respiratory Rhythms in Newborn Rats. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093022050088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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6
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Herzig V, Chen YC, Chin YKY, Dekan Z, Chang YW, Yu HM, Alewood PF, Chen CC, King GF. The Tarantula Toxin ω-Avsp1a Specifically Inhibits Human CaV3.1 and CaV3.3 via the Extracellular S3-S4 Loop of the Domain 1 Voltage-Sensor. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051066. [PMID: 35625803 PMCID: PMC9138389 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of T-type calcium channels (CaV3) prevents development of diseases related to cardiovascular and nerve systems. Further, knockout animal studies have revealed that some diseases are mediated by specific subtypes of CaV3. However, subtype-specific CaV3 inhibitors for therapeutic purposes or for studying the physiological roles of CaV3 subtypes are missing. To bridge this gap, we employed our spider venom library and uncovered that Avicularia spec. (“Amazonas Purple”, Peru) tarantula venom inhibited specific T-type CaV channel subtypes. By using chromatographic and mass-spectrometric techniques, we isolated and sequenced the active toxin ω-Avsp1a, a C-terminally amidated 36 residue peptide with a molecular weight of 4224.91 Da, which comprised the major peak in the venom. Both native (4.1 μM) and synthetic ω-Avsp1a (10 μM) inhibited 90% of CaV3.1 and CaV3.3, but only 25% of CaV3.2 currents. In order to investigate the toxin binding site, we generated a range of chimeric channels from the less sensitive CaV3.2 and more sensitive CaV3.3. Our results suggest that domain-1 of CaV3.3 is important for the inhibitory effect of ω-Avsp1a on T-type calcium channels. Further studies revealed that a leucine of T-type calcium channels is crucial for the inhibitory effect of ω-Avsp1a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Herzig
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (Y.K.-Y.C.); (Z.D.); (P.F.A.)
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
- Correspondence: (V.H.); (C.-C.C.); (G.F.K.); Tel.: +61-7-5456-5382 (V.H.); +886-2-2652-3522 (C.-C.C.); +61-7-3346-2025 (G.F.K.)
| | - Yong-Cyuan Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-W.C.)
| | - Yanni K.-Y. Chin
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (Y.K.-Y.C.); (Z.D.); (P.F.A.)
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Zoltan Dekan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (Y.K.-Y.C.); (Z.D.); (P.F.A.)
| | - Yu-Wang Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-W.C.)
| | - Hui-Ming Yu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan;
| | - Paul F. Alewood
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (Y.K.-Y.C.); (Z.D.); (P.F.A.)
| | - Chien-Chang Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-W.C.)
- Correspondence: (V.H.); (C.-C.C.); (G.F.K.); Tel.: +61-7-5456-5382 (V.H.); +886-2-2652-3522 (C.-C.C.); +61-7-3346-2025 (G.F.K.)
| | - Glenn F. King
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (Y.K.-Y.C.); (Z.D.); (P.F.A.)
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- Correspondence: (V.H.); (C.-C.C.); (G.F.K.); Tel.: +61-7-5456-5382 (V.H.); +886-2-2652-3522 (C.-C.C.); +61-7-3346-2025 (G.F.K.)
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Shao J, Liu Y, Gao D, Tu J, Yang F. Neural Burst Firing and Its Roles in Mental and Neurological Disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:741292. [PMID: 34646123 PMCID: PMC8502892 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.741292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural firing patterns are critical for specific information coding and transmission, and abnormal firing is implicated in a series of neural pathologies. Recent studies have indicated that enhanced burst firing mediated by T-type voltage-gated calcium channels (T-VGCCs) in specific neuronal subtypes is involved in several mental or neurological disorders such as depression and epilepsy, while suppression of T-VGCCs relieve related symptoms. Burst firing consists of groups of relatively high-frequency spikes separated by quiescence. Neurons in a variety of brain areas, including the thalamus, hypothalamus, cortex, and hippocampus, display burst firing, but the ionic mechanisms that generating burst firing and the related physiological functions vary among regions. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the mechanisms underlying burst firing in various brain areas, as well as the roles of burst firing in several mental and neurological disorders. We also discuss the ion channels and receptors that may regulate burst firing directly or indirectly, with these molecules highlighted as potential intervention targets for the treatment of mental and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shao
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunhui Liu
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dashuang Gao
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Tu
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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8
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Magalhães KS, da Silva MP, Mecawi AS, Paton JFR, Machado BH, Moraes DJA. Intrinsic and synaptic mechanisms controlling the expiratory activity of excitatory lateral parafacial neurones of rats. J Physiol 2021; 599:4925-4948. [PMID: 34510468 DOI: 10.1113/jp281545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Active expiration is essential for increasing pulmonary ventilation during high chemical drive (hypercapnia). The lateral parafacial (pFL ) region, which contains expiratory neurones, drives abdominal muscles during active expiration in response to hypercapnia. However, the electrophysiological properties and synaptic mechanisms determining the activity of pFL expiratory neurones, as well as the specific conditions for their emergence, are not fully understood. Using whole cell electrophysiology and single cell quantitative RT-PCR techniques, we describe the intrinsic electrophysiological properties, the phenotype and the respiratory-related synaptic inputs to the pFL expiratory neurones, as well as the mechanisms for the expression of their expiratory activity under conditions of hypercapnia-induced active expiration, using in situ preparations of juvenile rats. We also evaluated whether these neurones possess intrinsic CO2 /[H+ ] sensitivity and burst generating properties. GABAergic and glycinergic inhibition during inspiration and expiration suppressed the activity of glutamatergic pFL expiratory neurones in normocapnia. In hypercapnia, these neurones escape glycinergic inhibition and generate burst discharges at the end of expiration. Evidence for the contribution of post-inhibitory rebound, CaV 3.2 isoform of T-type Ca2+ channels and intracellular [Ca2+ ] is presented. Neither intrinsic bursting properties, mediated by persistent Na+ current, nor CO2 /[H+ ] sensitivity or expression of CO2 /[H+ ] sensitive ion channels/receptors (TASK or GPR4) were observed. On the other hand, hyperpolarisation-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated and twik-related K+ leak channels were recorded. Post-synaptic disinhibition and the intrinsic electrophysiological properties of glutamatergic neurones play important roles in the generation of the expiratory oscillations in the pFL region during hypercapnia in rats. KEY POINTS: Hypercapnia induces active expiration in rats and the recruitment of a specific population of expiratory neurones in the lateral parafacial (pFL ) region. Post-synaptic GABAergic and glycinergic inhibition both suppress the activity of glutamatergic pFL neurones during inspiratory and expiratory phases in normocapnia. Hypercapnia reduces glycinergic inhibition during expiration leading to burst generation by pFL neurones; evidence for a contribution of post-inhibitory rebound, voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and intracellular [Ca2+ ] is presented. pFL glutamatergic expiratory neurones are neither intrinsic burster neurones, nor CO2 /[H+ ] sensors, and do not express CO2 /[H+ ] sensitive ion channels or receptors. Post-synaptic disinhibition and the intrinsic electrophysiological properties of glutamatergic neurones both play important roles in the generation of the expiratory oscillations in the pFL region during hypercapnia in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolyne S Magalhães
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Melina P da Silva
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - André S Mecawi
- Department of Biophysics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Julian F R Paton
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Park Road, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Benedito H Machado
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Davi J A Moraes
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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9
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Targeting T-type/CaV3.2 channels for chronic pain. Transl Res 2021; 234:20-30. [PMID: 33422652 PMCID: PMC8217081 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
T-type calcium channels regulate neuronal excitability and are important contributors of pain processing. CaV3.2 channels are the major isoform expressed in nonpeptidergic and peptidergic nociceptive neurons and are emerging as promising targets for pain treatment. Numerous studies have shown that CaV3.2 expression and/or activity are significantly increased in spinal dorsal horn and in dorsal root ganglia neurons in different inflammatory and neuropathic pain models. Pharmacological campaigns to inhibit the functional expression of CaV3.2 for treatment of pain have focused on the development of direct channel blockers, but none have produced lead candidates. Targeting the proteins that regulate the trafficking or transcription, and the ones that modify the channels via post-translational modifications are alternative means to regulate expression and function of CaV3.2 channels and hence to develop new drugs to control pain. Here we synthesize data supporting a role for CaV3.2 in numerous pain modalities and then discuss emerging opportunities for the indirect targeting of CaV3.2 channels.
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10
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Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of small peripheral arteries contribute to blood pressure control by adapting their contractile state. These adaptations depend on the VSMC cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, regulated by complex local elementary Ca2+ signaling pathways. Ca2+ sparks represent local, transient, rapid calcium release events from a cluster of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. In arterial SMCs, Ca2+ sparks activate nearby calcium-dependent potassium channels, cause membrane hyperpolarization and thus decrease the global intracellular [Ca2+] to oppose vasoconstriction. Arterial SMC Cav1.2 L-type channels regulate intracellular calcium stores content, which in turn modulates calcium efflux through RyRs. Cav3.2 T-type channels contribute to a minor extend to Ca2+ spark generation in certain types of arteries. Their localization within cell membrane caveolae is essential. We summarize present data on local elementary calcium signaling (Ca2+ sparks) in arterial SMCs with focus on RyR isoforms, large-conductance calcium-dependent potassium (BKCa) channels, and cell membrane-bound calcium channels (Cav1.2 and Cav3.2), particularly in caveolar microdomains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Fan
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Yingqiu Cui
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Mario Kassmann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
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11
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Huang D, Shi S, Liang C, Zhang X, Du X, An H, Peers C, Zhang H, Gamper N. Delineating an extracellular redox-sensitive module in T-type Ca 2+ channels. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:6177-6186. [PMID: 32188693 PMCID: PMC7196644 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.012668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
T-type (Cav3) Ca2+ channels are important regulators of excitability and rhythmic activity of excitable cells. Among other voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, Cav3 channels are uniquely sensitive to oxidation and zinc. Using recombinant protein expression in HEK293 cells, patch clamp electrophysiology, site-directed mutagenesis, and homology modeling, we report here that modulation of Cav3.2 by redox agents and zinc is mediated by a unique extracellular module containing a high-affinity metal-binding site formed by the extracellular IS1–IS2 and IS3–IS4 loops of domain I and a cluster of extracellular cysteines in the IS1–IS2 loop. Patch clamp recording of recombinant Cav3.2 currents revealed that two cysteine-modifying agents, sodium (2-sulfonatoethyl) methanethiosulfonate (MTSES) and N-ethylmaleimide, as well as a reactive oxygen species–producing neuropeptide, substance P (SP), inhibit Cav3.2 current to similar degrees and that this inhibition is reversed by a reducing agent and a zinc chelator. Pre-application of MTSES prevented further SP-mediated current inhibition. Substitution of the zinc-binding residue His191 in Cav3.2 reduced the channel's sensitivity to MTSES, and introduction of the corresponding histidine into Cav3.1 sensitized it to MTSES. Removal of extracellular cysteines from the IS1–IS2 loop of Cav3.2 reduced its sensitivity to MTSES and SP. We hypothesize that oxidative modification of IS1–IS2 loop cysteines induces allosteric changes in the zinc-binding site of Cav3.2 so that it becomes sensitive to ambient zinc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China; Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Sai Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Ce Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Xiaona Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Hailong An
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Chris Peers
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China.
| | - Nikita Gamper
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China; Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
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12
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Lundt A, Soós J, Seidel R, Henseler C, Müller R, Raj Ginde V, Imran Arshaad M, Ehninger D, Hescheler J, Sachinidis A, Broich K, Wormuth C, Papazoglou A, Weiergräber M. Functional implications of Ca v 2.3 R-type voltage-gated calcium channels in the murine auditory system - novel vistas from brainstem-evoked response audiometry. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 51:1583-1604. [PMID: 31603587 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) are considered to play a key role in auditory perception and information processing within the murine inner ear and brainstem. In the past, Cav 1.3 L-type VGCCs gathered most attention as their ablation causes congenital deafness. However, isolated patch-clamp investigation and localization studies repetitively suggested that Cav 2.3 R-type VGCCs are also expressed in the cochlea and further components of the ascending auditory tract, pointing to a potential functional role of Cav 2.3 in hearing physiology. Thus, we performed auditory profiling of Cav 2.3+/+ controls, heterozygous Cav 2.3+/- mice and Cav 2.3 null mutants (Cav 2.3-/- ) using brainstem-evoked response audiometry. Interestingly, click-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) revealed increased hearing thresholds in Cav 2.3+/- mice from both genders, whereas no alterations were observed in Cav 2.3-/- mice. Similar observations were made for tone burst-related ABRs in both genders. However, Cav 2.3 ablation seemed to prevent mutant mice from total hearing loss particularly in the higher frequency range (36-42 kHz). Amplitude growth function analysis revealed, i.a., significant reduction in ABR wave WI and WIII amplitude in mutant animals. In addition, alterations in WI -WIV interwave interval were observed in female Cav 2.3+/- mice whereas absolute latencies remained unchanged. In summary, our results demonstrate that Cav 2.3 VGCCs are mandatory for physiological auditory information processing in the ascending auditory tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Lundt
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Julien Soós
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Robin Seidel
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Henseler
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Ralf Müller
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Varun Raj Ginde
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Muhammad Imran Arshaad
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Dan Ehninger
- Molecular and Cellular Cognition, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Agapios Sachinidis
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karl Broich
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Carola Wormuth
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna Papazoglou
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Marco Weiergräber
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
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13
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Intracerebroventricular administration of histidine reduces kainic acid-induced convulsive seizures in mice. Exp Brain Res 2019; 237:2481-2493. [PMID: 31321447 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-019-05605-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures and other experimental models of epilepsy have been proven to be instrumental in identifying novel targets that could be responsible for human icto- and epileptogenesis. We have previously shown that the ablation of pharmacoresistant voltage-gated Ca2+ channels with Cav2.3 as central ion-conducting pore (R-type Ca2+ channel) reduces the sensitivity towards KA-induced epilepsy in mice. In vivo, Cav2.3 channels are thought to be under tight allosteric control by endogenous loosely bound trace metal cations (Zn2+ and Cu2+) that suppress channel gating via a high-affinity trace metal-binding site. Metal dyshomeostasis in the brain, which is a common feature of (KA-induced) seizures, could therefore alter the normal function of Cav2.3 channels and may shift hippocampal and neocortical signaling towards hyperexcitation. To investigate the role of loosely bound metal ions for KA-induced hyperexcitation in vivo, we examined the effects of manipulating brain trace metal homeostasis in mice. To this end, we developed a murine system for intracerebroventricular administration of trace metal ions and/or histidine (His), which can bind Zn2+ and Cu2+ and is involved in their transendothelial transport at the blood-brain barrier. Unexpectedly, our preliminary findings indicate that application of His alone but not in the presence of Zn2+ has substantial beneficial effects on the outcome of KA-induced epilepsy in mice. As such, our results emphasize previous findings on the complex, two-sided role of loosely bound metal ions with regard to neuronal excitation and degeneration under pathophysiological conditions.
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14
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Lazzaro M, Krapf D, García Véscovi E. Selective blockage of Serratia marcescens ShlA by nickel inhibits the pore-forming toxin-mediated phenotypes in eukaryotic cells. Cell Microbiol 2019; 21:e13045. [PMID: 31099073 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Serratia marcescens is an opportunistic pathogen with increasing incidence in clinical settings. This is mainly attributed to the timely expression of a wide diversity of virulence factors and intrinsic and acquired resistance to antibiotics, including β-lactams, aminoglycosides, quinolones, and polypeptides. For these reasons, S. marcescens has been recently categorised by the World Health Organization as one priority to strengthen efforts directed to develop new antibacterial agents. Therefore, it becomes critical to understand the underlying mechanisms that allow Serratia to succeed within the host. S. marcescens ShlA pore-forming toxin mediates phenotypes that alter homeostatic and signal transduction pathways of host cells. It has been previously demonstrated that ShlA provokes cytotoxicity, haemolysis and autophagy and also directs Serratia egress and dissemination from invaded nonphagocytic cells. However, molecular details of ShlA mechanism of action are still not fully elucidated. In this work, we demonstrate that Ni2+ selectively and reversibly blocks ShlA action, turning wild-type S. marcescens into a shlA mutant strain phenocopy. Combined use of Ni2+ and calcium chelators allow to discern ShlA-triggered phenotypes that require intracellular calcium mobilisation and reveal ShlA function as a calcium channel, providing new insights into ShlA mode of action on target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Lazzaro
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Darío Krapf
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Eleonora García Véscovi
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
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15
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Lang RJ, Hashitani H. Pacemaker Mechanisms Driving Pyeloureteric Peristalsis: Modulatory Role of Interstitial Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1124:77-101. [PMID: 31183823 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-5895-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The peristaltic pressure waves in the renal pelvis that propel urine expressed by the kidney into the ureter towards the bladder have long been considered to be 'myogenic', being little affected by blockers of nerve conduction or autonomic neurotransmission, but sustained by the intrinsic release of prostaglandins and sensory neurotransmitters. In uni-papilla mammals, the funnel-shaped renal pelvis consists of a lumen-forming urothelium and a stromal layer enveloped by a plexus of 'typical' smooth muscle cells (TSMCs), in multi-papillae kidneys a number of minor and major calyces fuse into a large renal pelvis. Electron microscopic, electrophysiological and Ca2+ imaging studies have established that the pacemaker cells driving pyeloureteric peristalsis are likely to be morphologically distinct 'atypical' smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) that fire Ca2+ transients and spontaneous transient depolarizations (STDs) which trigger propagating nifedipine-sensitive action potentials and Ca2+ waves in the TSMC layer. In uni-calyceal kidneys, ASMCs predominately locate on the serosal surface of the proximal renal pelvis while in multi-papillae kidneys they locate within the sub-urothelial space. 'Fibroblast-like' interstitial cells (ICs) located in the sub-urothelial space or adventitia are a mixed population of cells, having regional and species-dependent expression of various Cl-, K+, Ca2+ and cationic channels. ICs display asynchronous Ca2+ transients that periodically synchronize into bursts that accelerate ASMC Ca2+ transient firing. This review presents current knowledge of the architecture of the proximal renal pelvis, the role Ca2+ plays in renal pelvis peristalsis and the mechanisms by which ICs may sustain/accelerate ASMC pacemaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Lang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
| | - Hikaru Hashitani
- Department of Cell Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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16
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Wang D, Ragnarsson L, Lewis RJ. T-type Calcium Channels in Health and Disease. Curr Med Chem 2018; 27:3098-3122. [PMID: 30277145 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666181001112821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Low Voltage-Activated (LVA) T-type calcium channels are characterized by transient current and Low Threshold Spikes (LTS) that trigger neuronal firing and oscillatory behavior. Combined with their preferential localization in dendrites and their specific "window current", T-type calcium channels are considered to be key players in signal amplification and synaptic integration. Assisted by the emerging pharmacological tools, the structural determinants of channel gating and kinetics, as well as novel physiological and pathological functions of T-type calcium channels, are being uncovered. In this review, we provide an overview of structural determinants in T-type calcium channels, their involvement in disorders and diseases, the development of novel channel modulators, as well as Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) studies that lead to rational drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, the University of Queensland, Brisbane Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Lotten Ragnarsson
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, the University of Queensland, Brisbane Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Richard J Lewis
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, the University of Queensland, Brisbane Qld 4072, Australia
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17
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Lamtai M, Chaibat J, Ouakki S, Zghari O, Mesfioui A, El Hessni A, Rifi EH, Marmouzi I, Essamri A, Ouichou A. Effect of Chronic Administration of Nickel on Affective and Cognitive Behavior in Male and Female Rats: Possible Implication of Oxidative Stress Pathway. Brain Sci 2018; 8:brainsci8080141. [PMID: 30065183 PMCID: PMC6119950 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8080141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nickel (Ni) toxicity has been reported to produce biochemical and behavioral dysfunction. The present study was undertaken to examine whether Ni chronic administration can induce alterations of affective and cognitive behavior and oxidative stress in male and female rats. Twenty-four rats, for each gender, divided into control and three test groups (n = 6), were injected intraperitoneally with saline (0.9% NaCl) or NiCl2 (0.25 mg/kg, 0.5 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. After treatment period, animals were tested in the open-field, elevated plus maze tests for anxiety-like behavior, and forced swimming test for depression-like behavior. The Morris Water Maze was used to evaluate the spatial learning and memory. The hippocampus of each animal was taken for biochemical examination. The results showed that Ni administration dose dependently increased anxiety-like behavior in both tests. A significant increase in depression-like symptoms was also exhibited by Ni treated rats. In the Morris Water Maze test, the spatial learning and memory were significantly impaired just in males treated with 1 mg/kg of Ni. With regard to biochemical analysis, activity of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly decreased, while the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the hippocampus were significantly increased in the Ni-treated groups. Consequently, chronic Ni administration induced behavioral and biochemical dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouloud Lamtai
- Unit of Nervous and Endocrine Physiology, Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra 14000, Morocco.
| | - Jihane Chaibat
- Unit of Nervous and Endocrine Physiology, Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra 14000, Morocco.
| | - Sihame Ouakki
- Unit of Nervous and Endocrine Physiology, Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra 14000, Morocco.
| | - Oussama Zghari
- Unit of Nervous and Endocrine Physiology, Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra 14000, Morocco.
| | - Abdelhalem Mesfioui
- Unit of Nervous and Endocrine Physiology, Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra 14000, Morocco.
| | - Aboubaker El Hessni
- Unit of Nervous and Endocrine Physiology, Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra 14000, Morocco.
| | - El-Housseine Rifi
- Laboratory of Synthesis Organic and Extraction Processes, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra 14000, Morocco.
| | - Ilias Marmouzi
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie, équipe de Pharmacocinétique, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, University Mohammed V in Rabat, BP 6203, Rabat Instituts, Rabat 10100, Morocco.
| | - Azzouz Essamri
- Laboratory of Agro-Resources and Process Engineering, Faculty of Science, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra 14000, Morocco.
| | - Ali Ouichou
- Unit of Nervous and Endocrine Physiology, Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra 14000, Morocco.
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18
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Lacinová Ľ. Regulation of the Ca V3.2 calcium channels in health and disease Regulácia Ca V3.2 vápnikových kanálov v zdraví a chorobe. EUROPEAN PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/afpuc-2017-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Family of T-type or low-voltage activated calcium channels consists of three members: CaV3.1, CaV3.2, and CaV3.3. CaV3.2 channel has almost identical biophysical properties as the CaV3.1 channel, but is distinguished by a specific tissue expression profile and a prominent role in several pathologies, including neuropathic pain, epilepsy, and dysregulation of cardiac rhythm. Further, it may be involved in phenotype of autism spectrum disorders, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. It represents a promising target for future pharmacotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ľ. Lacinová
- Slovenská akadémia vied, Biomedicínske centrum SAV, Bratislava , Slovakia
- Univerzita sv. Cyrila a Metoda v Trnave, Fakulta prírodných vied, Trnava , Slovakia
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19
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Mullan B, Pettis J, Jackson WF. T-type voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels do not contribute to the negative feedback regulation of myogenic tone in murine superior epigastric arteries. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2017; 5:e00320. [PMID: 28603637 PMCID: PMC5464347 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
T-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (CaV3.2 VGCC) have been hypothesized to control spontaneous transient outward currents (STOCs) through large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (BKCa), and contribute to the negative-feedback regulation of myogenic tone. We tested this hypothesis in superior epigastric arteries (SEAs) isolated from male C57BL/6 mice. SEAs were isolated and enzymatically dissociated to obtain single smooth muscle cells (SMCs) for whole-cell recording of paxilline-sensitive (PAX, 1 μmol/L) STOCs at -30 mV, or cannulated and studied by pressure myography (80 cm H2O, 37°C). The CaV3.2 blocker Ni2+ (30 μmol/L) had no effect on STOC amplitude (20.1 ± 1.7 pA vs. 20.6 ± 1.7 pA; n = 12, P = 0.6), but increased STOC frequency (0.79 ± 0.15 Hz vs. 1.21 ± 0.22 Hz; n = 12, P = 0.02). Although Ni2+ produced concentration-dependent constriction of isolated, pressurized SEAs (logEC50 = -5.8 ± 0.09; Emax = 72 ± 5% constriction), block of BKCa with PAX had no effect on vasoconstriction induced by 30 μmol/L Ni2+ (in the absence of PAX = 66 ± 4% constriction vs. in the presence of 1 μmol/L PAX = 65 ± 4% constriction; n = 7, P = 0.06). In contrast to Ni2+, the nonselective T-type blocker, mibefradil, produced only vasodilation (logEC50 = -6.9 ± 0.2; Emax = 74 ± 8% dilation), whereas the putative T-type blocker, ML218, had no significant effect on myogenic tone between 10 nmol/L and 10 μmol/L (n = 6-7, P = 0.59). Our data do not support a role for CaV3.2 VGCC in the negative-feedback regulation of myogenic tone in murine SEAs and suggest that Ni2+ may constrict SEAs by means other than block of CaV3.2 VGCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Mullan
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824
| | - Jessica Pettis
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824
| | - William F. Jackson
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824
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20
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Vatanparast J, Andalib-Lari F. Camphor elicits epileptiform discharges in snail neurons: The role of ion channels modulation. Neurotoxicology 2017; 60:299-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Smith CL, Abdallah S, Wong YY, Le P, Harracksingh AN, Artinian L, Tamvacakis AN, Rehder V, Reese TS, Senatore A. Evolutionary insights into T-type Ca 2+ channel structure, function, and ion selectivity from the Trichoplax adhaerens homologue. J Gen Physiol 2017; 149:483-510. [PMID: 28330839 PMCID: PMC5379919 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201611683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of T-type calcium channels in animals without nervous systems is unknown. Smith et al. characterize TCav3 from Trichoplax adhaerens, finding expression in neurosecretory-like cells and preference for Ca2+ over Na+ via strong extracellular Ca2+ block, despite low selectivity for Ca2+ in the pore. Four-domain voltage-gated Ca2+ (Cav) channels play fundamental roles in the nervous system, but little is known about when or how their unique properties and cellular roles evolved. Of the three types of metazoan Cav channels, Cav1 (L-type), Cav2 (P/Q-, N- and R-type) and Cav3 (T-type), Cav3 channels are optimized for regulating cellular excitability because of their fast kinetics and low activation voltages. These same properties permit Cav3 channels to drive low-threshold exocytosis in select neurons and neurosecretory cells. Here, we characterize the single T-type calcium channel from Trichoplax adhaerens (TCav3), an early diverging animal that lacks muscle, neurons, and synapses. Co-immunolocalization using antibodies against TCav3 and neurosecretory cell marker complexin labeled gland cells, which are hypothesized to play roles in paracrine signaling. Cloning and in vitro expression of TCav3 reveals that, despite roughly 600 million years of divergence from other T-type channels, it bears the defining structural and biophysical features of the Cav3 family. We also characterize the channel’s cation permeation properties and find that its pore is less selective for Ca2+ over Na+ compared with the human homologue Cav3.1, yet it exhibits a similar potent block of inward Na+ current by low external Ca2+ concentrations (i.e., the Ca2+ block effect). A comparison of the permeability features of TCav3 with other cloned channels suggests that Ca2+ block is a locus of evolutionary change in T-type channel cation permeation properties and that mammalian channels distinguish themselves from invertebrate ones by bearing both stronger Ca2+ block and higher Ca2+ selectivity. TCav3 is the most divergent metazoan T-type calcium channel and thus provides an evolutionary perspective on Cav3 channel structure–function properties, ion selectivity, and cellular physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn L Smith
- National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Salsabil Abdallah
- University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Yuen Yan Wong
- University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Phuong Le
- University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Thomas S Reese
- National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Adriano Senatore
- University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
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22
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Lazniewska J, Weiss N. Glycosylation of voltage-gated calcium channels in health and disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:662-668. [PMID: 28109749 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) are transmembrane proteins that translate electrical activities into intracellular calcium elevations and downstream signaling pathways. They serve essential physiological functions including communication between nerve cells, muscle contraction, cardiac activity, and release of hormones and neurotransmitters. Asparagine-linked glycosylation has emerged as an essential post-translational modification to control the number of channels embedded in the plasma membrane but also their functional gating properties. This review provides a comprehensive overview about the current state of knowledge on the role of glycosylation in the expression and functioning of VGCCs, and discusses how variations in the glycosylation of the channel proteins can contribute to pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Lazniewska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Norbert Weiss
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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23
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Hashitani H, Nguyen MJ, Noda H, Mitsui R, Higashi R, Ohta K, Nakamura KI, Lang RJ. Interstitial cell modulation of pyeloureteric peristalsis in the mouse renal pelvis examined using FIBSEM tomography and calcium indicators. Pflugers Arch 2017; 469:797-813. [PMID: 28054154 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-016-1930-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Typical and atypical smooth muscle cells (TSMCs and ASMCs, respectively) and interstitial cells (ICs) within the pacemaker region of the mouse renal pelvis were examined using focused ion beam scanning electron (FIB SEM) tomography, immunohistochemistry and Ca2+ imaging. Individual cells within 500-900 electron micrograph stacks were volume rendered and associations with their neighbours established. 'Ribbon-shaped', Ano1 Cl- channel immuno-reactive ICs were present in the adventitia and the sub-urothelial space adjacent to the TSMC layer. ICs in the proximal renal pelvis were immuno-reactive to antibodies for CaV3.1 and hyperpolarization-activated cation nucleotide-gated isoform 3 (HCN3) channel sub-units, while basal-epithelial cells (BECs) were intensely immuno-reactive to Kv7.5 channel antibodies. Adventitial to the TSMC layer, ASMCs formed close appositions with TSMCs and ICs. The T-type Ca2+channel blocker, Ni2+ (10-200 μM), reduced the frequency while the L-type Ca2+ channel blocker (1 μM nifedipine) reduced the amplitude of propagating Ca2+ waves and contractions in the TSMC layer. Upon complete suppression of Ca2+ entry through TSMC Ca2+ channels, ASMCs displayed high-frequency (6 min-1) Ca2+ transients, and ICs distributed into two populations of cells firing at 1 and 3 min-1, respectively. IC Ca2+ transients periodically (every 3-5 min-1) summed into bursts which doubled the frequency of ASMC Ca2+ transient firing. Synchronized IC bursting and the acceleration of ASMC firing were inhibited upon blockade of HCN channels with ZD7288 or cell-to-cell coupling with carbenoxolone. While ASMCs appear to be the primary pacemaker driving pyeloureteric peristalsis, it was concluded that sub-urothelial HCN3(+), CaV3.1(+) ICs can accelerate ASMC Ca2+ signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Hashitani
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Michael J Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Haruka Noda
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Retsu Mitsui
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Higashi
- Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ohta
- Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | | | - Richard J Lang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
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24
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Cain SM, Ahn S, Garcia E, Zhang Y, Waheed Z, Tyson JR, Yang Y, Van Sung T, Phillips AG, Snutch TP. Heantos-4, a natural plant extract used in the treatment of drug addiction, modulates T-type calcium channels and thalamocortical burst-firing. Mol Brain 2016; 9:94. [PMID: 27919294 PMCID: PMC5139062 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-016-0274-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Heantos-4 is a refined combination of plant extracts currently approved to treat opiate addiction in Vietnam. In addition to its beneficial effects on withdrawal and prevention of relapse, reports of sedation during clinical treatment suggest that arousal networks in the brain may be recruited during Heantos administration. T-type calcium channels are implicated in the generation of sleep rhythms and in this study we examined whether a Heantos-4 extraction modulates T-type calcium channel currents generated by the Cav3.1, Cav3.2 and Ca3.3 subtypes. Utilizing whole-cell voltage clamp on exogenously expressed T-type calcium channels we find that Heantos inhibits Cav3.1 and Cav3.3 currents, while selectively potentiating Cav3.2 currents. We further examined the effects of Heantos-4 extract on low-threshold burst-firing in thalamic neurons which contribute to sleep oscillations. Using whole-cell current clamp in acute thalamic brain slices Heantos-4 suppressed rebound burst-firing in ventrobasal thalamocortical neurons, which express primarily Cav3.1 channels. Conversely, Heantos-4 had no significant effect on the burst-firing properties of thalamic reticular neurons, which express a mixed population of Cav3.2 and Cav3.3 channels. Examining Heantos-4 effects following oral administration in a model of absence epilepsy revealed the potential to exacerbate seizure activity. Together, the findings indicate that Heantos-4 has selective effects both on specific T-type calcium channel isoforms and distinct populations of thalamic neurons providing a putative mechanism underlying its effects on sedation and on the thalamocortical network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart M Cain
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 219-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Soyon Ahn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Esperanza Garcia
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 219-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 219-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Zeina Waheed
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 219-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - John R Tyson
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 219-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yi Yang
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 219-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Tran Van Sung
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anthony G Phillips
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Terrance P Snutch
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 219-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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25
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Wormuth C, Lundt A, Henseler C, Müller R, Broich K, Papazoglou A, Weiergräber M. Review: Ca v2.3 R-type Voltage-Gated Ca 2+ Channels - Functional Implications in Convulsive and Non-convulsive Seizure Activity. Open Neurol J 2016; 10:99-126. [PMID: 27843503 PMCID: PMC5080872 DOI: 10.2174/1874205x01610010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Researchers have gained substantial insight into mechanisms of synaptic transmission, hyperexcitability, excitotoxicity and neurodegeneration within the last decades. Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels are of central relevance in these processes. In particular, they are key elements in the etiopathogenesis of numerous seizure types and epilepsies. Earlier studies predominantly targeted on Cav2.1 P/Q-type and Cav3.2 T-type Ca2+ channels relevant for absence epileptogenesis. Recent findings bring other channels entities more into focus such as the Cav2.3 R-type Ca2+ channel which exhibits an intriguing role in ictogenesis and seizure propagation. Cav2.3 R-type voltage gated Ca2+ channels (VGCC) emerged to be important factors in the pathogenesis of absence epilepsy, human juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), and cellular epileptiform activity, e.g. in CA1 neurons. They also serve as potential target for various antiepileptic drugs, such as lamotrigine and topiramate. Objective: This review provides a summary of structure, function and pharmacology of VGCCs and their fundamental role in cellular Ca2+ homeostasis. We elaborate the unique modulatory properties of Cav2.3 R-type Ca2+ channels and point to recent findings in the proictogenic and proneuroapoptotic role of Cav2.3 R-type VGCCs in generalized convulsive tonic–clonic and complex-partial hippocampal seizures and its role in non-convulsive absence like seizure activity. Conclusion: Development of novel Cav2.3 specific modulators can be effective in the pharmacological treatment of epilepsies and other neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Wormuth
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Lundt
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Henseler
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ralf Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karl Broich
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna Papazoglou
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marco Weiergräber
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany
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26
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Huang D, Huang S, Gao H, Liu Y, Qi J, Chen P, Wang C, Scragg JL, Vakurov A, Peers C, Du X, Zhang H, Gamper N. Redox-Dependent Modulation of T-Type Ca(2+) Channels in Sensory Neurons Contributes to Acute Anti-Nociceptive Effect of Substance P. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 25:233-51. [PMID: 27306612 PMCID: PMC4971421 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Neuropeptide substance P (SP) is produced and released by a subset of peripheral sensory neurons that respond to tissue damage (nociceptors). SP exerts excitatory effects in the central nervous system, but peripheral SP actions are still poorly understood; therefore, here, we aimed at investigating these peripheral mechanisms. RESULTS SP acutely inhibited T-type voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels in nociceptors. The effect was mediated by neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor-induced stimulation of intracellular release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as it can be prevented or reversed by the reducing agent dithiothreitol and mimicked by exogenous or endogenous ROS. This redox-mediated T-type Ca(2+) channel inhibition operated through the modulation of CaV3.2 channel sensitivity to ambient zinc, as it can be prevented or reversed by zinc chelation and mimicked by exogenous zinc. Elimination of the zinc-binding site in CaV3.2 rendered the channel insensitive to SP-mediated inhibition. Importantly, peripherally applied SP significantly reduced bradykinin-induced nociception in rats in vivo; knock-down of CaV3.2 significantly reduced this anti-nociceptive effect. This atypical signaling cascade shared the initial steps with the SP-mediated augmentation of M-type K(+) channels described earlier. INNOVATION Our study established a mechanism underlying the peripheral anti-nociceptive effect of SP whereby this neuropeptide produces ROS-dependent inhibition of pro-algesic T-type Ca(2+) current and concurrent enhancement of anti-algesic M-type K(+) current. These findings will lead to a better understanding of mechanisms of endogenous analgesia. CONCLUSION SP modulates T-type channel activity in nociceptors by a redox-dependent tuning of channel sensitivity to zinc; this novel modulatory pathway contributes to the peripheral anti-nociceptive effect of SP. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 233-251.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Sha Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Haixia Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Yani Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Jinlong Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Pingping Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Caixue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Jason L. Scragg
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Vakurov
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Peers
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaona Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Nikita Gamper
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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27
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Voisin T, Bourinet E, Lory P. Genetic alteration of the metal/redox modulation of Cav3.2 T-type calcium channel reveals its role in neuronal excitability. J Physiol 2016; 594:3561-74. [PMID: 26931411 DOI: 10.1113/jp271925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS In this study, we describe a new knock-in (KI) mouse model that allows the study of the H191-dependent regulation of T-type Cav3.2 channels. Sensitivity to zinc, nickel and ascorbate of native Cav3.2 channels is significantly impeded in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons of this KI mouse. Importantly, we describe that this H191-dependent regulation has discrete but significant effects on the excitability properties of D-hair (down-hair) cells, a sub-population of DRG neurons in which Cav3.2 currents prominently regulate excitability. Overall, this study reveals that the native H191-dependent regulation of Cav3.2 channels plays a role in the excitability of Cav3.2-expressing neurons. This animal model will be valuable in addressing the potential in vivo roles of the trace metal and redox modulation of Cav3.2 T-type channels in a wide range of physiological and pathological conditions. ABSTRACT Cav3.2 channels are T-type voltage-gated calcium channels that play important roles in controlling neuronal excitability, particularly in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons where they are involved in touch and pain signalling. Cav3.2 channels are modulated by low concentrations of metal ions (nickel, zinc) and redox agents, which involves the histidine 191 (H191) in the channel's extracellular IS3-IS4 loop. It is hypothesized that this metal/redox modulation would contribute to the tuning of the excitability properties of DRG neurons. However, the precise role of this H191-dependent modulation of Cav3.2 channel remains unresolved. Towards this goal, we have generated a knock-in (KI) mouse carrying the mutation H191Q in the Cav3.2 protein. Electrophysiological studies were performed on a subpopulation of DRG neurons, the D-hair cells, which express large Cav3.2 currents. We describe an impaired sensitivity to zinc, nickel and ascorbate of the T-type current in D-hair neurons from KI mice. Analysis of the action potential and low-threshold calcium spike (LTCS) properties revealed that, contrary to that observed in WT D-hair neurons, a low concentration of zinc and nickel is unable to modulate (1) the rheobase threshold current, (2) the afterdepolarization amplitude, (3) the threshold potential necessary to trigger an LTCS or (4) the LTCS amplitude in D-hair neurons from KI mice. Together, our data demonstrate that this H191-dependent metal/redox regulation of Cav3.2 channels can tune neuronal excitability. This study validates the use of this Cav3.2-H191Q mouse model for further investigations of the physiological roles thought to rely on this Cav3.2 modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiphaine Voisin
- Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique UMR 5203, Département de Physiologie, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34094, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 1191, Montpellier, F-34094, France.,LabEx 'Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics', Montpellier, F-34094, France
| | - Emmanuel Bourinet
- Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique UMR 5203, Département de Physiologie, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34094, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 1191, Montpellier, F-34094, France.,LabEx 'Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics', Montpellier, F-34094, France
| | - Philippe Lory
- Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique UMR 5203, Département de Physiologie, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34094, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 1191, Montpellier, F-34094, France.,LabEx 'Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics', Montpellier, F-34094, France
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28
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Elies J, Scragg JL, Boyle JP, Gamper N, Peers C. Regulation of the T-type Ca(2+) channel Cav3.2 by hydrogen sulfide: emerging controversies concerning the role of H2 S in nociception. J Physiol 2016; 594:4119-29. [PMID: 26804000 DOI: 10.1113/jp270963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion channels represent a large and growing family of target proteins regulated by gasotransmitters such as nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and, as described more recently, hydrogen sulfide. Indeed, many of the biological actions of these gases can be accounted for by their ability to modulate ion channel activity. Here, we report recent evidence that H2 S is a modulator of low voltage-activated T-type Ca(2+) channels, and discriminates between the different subtypes of T-type Ca(2+) channel in that it selectively modulates Cav3.2, whilst Cav3.1 and Cav3.3 are unaffected. At high concentrations, H2 S augments Cav3.2 currents, an observation which has led to the suggestion that H2 S exerts its pro-nociceptive effects via this channel, since Cav3.2 plays a central role in sensory nerve excitability. However, at more physiological concentrations, H2 S is seen to inhibit Cav3.2. This inhibitory action requires the presence of the redox-sensitive, extracellular region of the channel which is responsible for tonic metal ion binding and which particularly distinguishes this channel isoform from Cav3.1 and 3.3. Further studies indicate that H2 S may act in a novel manner to alter channel activity by potentiating the zinc sensitivity/affinity of this binding site. This review discusses the different reports of H2 S modulation of T-type Ca(2+) channels, and how such varying effects may impact on nociception given the role of this channel in sensory activity. This subject remains controversial, and future studies are required before the impact of T-type Ca(2+) channel modulation by H2 S might be exploited as a novel approach to pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacobo Elies
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jason L Scragg
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - John P Boyle
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Nikita Gamper
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chris Peers
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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29
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Ca-α1T, a fly T-type Ca2+ channel, negatively modulates sleep. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17893. [PMID: 26647714 PMCID: PMC4673464 DOI: 10.1038/srep17893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian T-type Ca2+ channels are encoded by three separate genes (Cav3.1, 3.2, 3.3). These channels are reported to be sleep stabilizers important in the generation of the delta rhythms of deep sleep, but controversy remains. The identification of precise physiological functions for the T-type channels has been hindered, at least in part, by the potential for compensation between the products of these three genes and a lack of specific pharmacological inhibitors. Invertebrates have only one T-type channel gene, but its functions are even less well-studied. We cloned Ca-α1T, the only Cav3 channel gene in Drosophila melanogaster, expressed it in Xenopus oocytes and HEK-293 cells, and confirmed it passes typical T-type currents. Voltage-clamp analysis revealed the biophysical properties of Ca-α1T show mixed similarity, sometimes falling closer to Cav3.1, sometimes to Cav3.2, and sometimes to Cav3.3. We found Ca-α1T is broadly expressed across the adult fly brain in a pattern vaguely reminiscent of mammalian T-type channels. In addition, flies lacking Ca-α1T show an abnormal increase in sleep duration most pronounced during subjective day under continuous dark conditions despite normal oscillations of the circadian clock. Thus, our study suggests invertebrate T-type Ca2+ channels promote wakefulness rather than stabilizing sleep.
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30
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Weaver EM, Zamora FJ, Hearne JL, Martin-Caraballo M. Posttranscriptional regulation of T-type Ca 2+ channel expression by interleukin-6 in prostate cancer cells. Cytokine 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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31
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Zamponi GW, Striessnig J, Koschak A, Dolphin AC. The Physiology, Pathology, and Pharmacology of Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels and Their Future Therapeutic Potential. Pharmacol Rev 2015; 67:821-70. [PMID: 26362469 PMCID: PMC4630564 DOI: 10.1124/pr.114.009654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 728] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels are required for many key functions in the body. In this review, the different subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels are described and their physiologic roles and pharmacology are outlined. We describe the current uses of drugs interacting with the different calcium channel subtypes and subunits, as well as specific areas in which there is strong potential for future drug development. Current therapeutic agents include drugs targeting L-type Ca(V)1.2 calcium channels, particularly 1,4-dihydropyridines, which are widely used in the treatment of hypertension. T-type (Ca(V)3) channels are a target of ethosuximide, widely used in absence epilepsy. The auxiliary subunit α2δ-1 is the therapeutic target of the gabapentinoid drugs, which are of value in certain epilepsies and chronic neuropathic pain. The limited use of intrathecal ziconotide, a peptide blocker of N-type (Ca(V)2.2) calcium channels, as a treatment of intractable pain, gives an indication that these channels represent excellent drug targets for various pain conditions. We describe how selectivity for different subtypes of calcium channels (e.g., Ca(V)1.2 and Ca(V)1.3 L-type channels) may be achieved in the future by exploiting differences between channel isoforms in terms of sequence and biophysical properties, variation in splicing in different target tissues, and differences in the properties of the target tissues themselves in terms of membrane potential or firing frequency. Thus, use-dependent blockers of the different isoforms could selectively block calcium channels in particular pathologies, such as nociceptive neurons in pain states or in epileptic brain circuits. Of important future potential are selective Ca(V)1.3 blockers for neuropsychiatric diseases, neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease, and resistant hypertension. In addition, selective or nonselective T-type channel blockers are considered potential therapeutic targets in epilepsy, pain, obesity, sleep, and anxiety. Use-dependent N-type calcium channel blockers are likely to be of therapeutic use in chronic pain conditions. Thus, more selective calcium channel blockers hold promise for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (G.W.Z.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (J.S., A.K.); and Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom (A.C.D.)
| | - Joerg Striessnig
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (G.W.Z.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (J.S., A.K.); and Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom (A.C.D.)
| | - Alexandra Koschak
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (G.W.Z.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (J.S., A.K.); and Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom (A.C.D.)
| | - Annette C Dolphin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (G.W.Z.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (J.S., A.K.); and Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom (A.C.D.)
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Siapich SA, Akhtar I, Hescheler J, Schneider T, Lüke M. Low concentrations of ethanol but not of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) impair reciprocal retinal signal transduction. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2015; 253:1713-9. [PMID: 26104874 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-015-3070-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The model of the isolated and superfused retina provides the opportunity to test drugs and toxins. Some chemicals have to be applied using low concentrations of organic solvents as carriers. Recently, E-/R-type (Cav2.3) and T-type (Cav3.2) voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels were identified as participating in reciprocal inhibitory retinal signaling. Their participation is apparent, when low concentrations of NiCl2 (15 μM) are applied during superfusion leading to an increase of the ERG b-wave amplitude, which is explained by a reduction of amacrine GABA-release onto bipolar neurons. During these investigations, differences were observed for the solvent carrier used. METHODS Recording of the transretinal receptor potentials from the isolated bovine retina. RESULTS The pretreatment of bovine retina with 0.01 % (v/v) dimethylsulfoxide did not impair the NiCl2-mediated increase of the b-wave amplitude, which was 1.31-fold ± 0.03 of initial value (n = 4). However, pretreatment of the retina with the same concentration of ethanol impaired reciprocal signaling (0.96-fold ± 0.05, n = 4). Further, the implicit time of the b-wave was increased, suggesting that ethanol itself but not DMSO may antagonize GABA-receptors. CONCLUSION Ethanol itself but not DMSO may block GABA receptors and cause an amplitude increase by itself, so that reciprocal signaling is impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siarhei A Siapich
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, D-50931, Köln, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Isha Akhtar
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, D-50931, Köln, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, D-50931, Köln, Germany
| | - Toni Schneider
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, D-50931, Köln, Germany.
| | - Matthias Lüke
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, D-50931, Köln, Germany
- University Eye Hospital, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538, Lübeck, Germany
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Voltage-gated calcium channels: Determinants of channel function and modulation by inorganic cations. Prog Neurobiol 2015; 129:1-36. [PMID: 25817891 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) represent a key link between electrical signals and non-electrical processes, such as contraction, secretion and transcription. Evolved to achieve high rates of Ca(2+)-selective flux, they possess an elaborate mechanism for selection of Ca(2+) over foreign ions. It has been convincingly linked to competitive binding in the pore, but the fundamental question of how this is reconcilable with high rates of Ca(2+) transfer remains unanswered. By virtue of their similarity to Ca(2+), polyvalent cations can interfere with the function of VGCCs and have proven instrumental in probing the mechanisms underlying selective permeation. Recent emergence of crystallographic data on a set of Ca(2+)-selective model channels provides a structural framework for permeation in VGCCs, and warrants a reconsideration of their diverse modulation by polyvalent cations, which can be roughly separated into three general mechanisms: (I) long-range interactions with charged regions on the surface, affecting the local potential sensed by the channel or influencing voltage-sensor movement by repulsive forces (electrostatic effects), (II) short-range interactions with sites in the ion-conducting pathway, leading to physical obstruction of the channel (pore block), and in some cases (III) short-range interactions with extracellular binding sites, leading to non-electrostatic modifications of channel gating (allosteric effects). These effects, together with the underlying molecular modifications, provide valuable insights into the function of VGCCs, and have important physiological and pathophysiological implications. Allosteric suppression of some of the pore-forming Cavα1-subunits (Cav2.3, Cav3.2) by Zn(2+) and Cu(2+) may play a major role for the regulation of excitability by endogenous transition metal ions. The fact that these ions can often traverse VGCCs can contribute to the detrimental intracellular accumulation of metal ions following excessive release of endogenous Cu(2+) and Zn(2+) or exposure to non-physiological toxic metal ions.
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Cens T, Rousset M, Collet C, Charreton M, Garnery L, Le Conte Y, Chahine M, Sandoz JC, Charnet P. Molecular characterization and functional expression of the Apis mellifera voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 58:12-27. [PMID: 25602183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels allow the influx of Ca(2+) ions from the extracellular space upon membrane depolarization and thus serve as a transducer between membrane potential and cellular events initiated by Ca(2+) transients. Most insects are predicted to possess three genes encoding Cavα, the main subunit of Ca(2+) channels, and several genes encoding the two auxiliary subunits, Cavβ and Cavα2δ; however very few of these genes have been cloned so far. Here, we cloned three full-length cDNAs encoding the three Cavα subunits (AmelCav1a, AmelCav2a and AmelCav3a), a cDNA encoding a novel variant of the Cavβ subunit (AmelCavβc), and three full-length cDNAs encoding three Cavα2δ subunits (AmelCavα2δ1 to 3) of the honeybee Apis mellifera. We identified several alternative or mutually exclusive exons in the sequence of the AmelCav2 and AmelCav3 genes. Moreover, we detected a stretch of glutamine residues in the C-terminus of the AmelCav1 subunit that is reminiscent of the motif found in the human Cav2.1 subunit of patients with Spinocerebellar Ataxia type 6. All these subunits contain structural domains that have been identified as functionally important in their mammalian homologues. For the first time, we could express three insect Cavα subunits in Xenopus oocytes and we show that AmelCav1a, 2a and 3a form Ca(2+) channels with distinctive properties. Notably, the co-expression of AmelCav1a or AmelCav2a with AmelCavβc and AmCavα2δ1 produces High Voltage-Activated Ca(2+) channels. On the other hand, expression of AmelCav3a alone leads to Low Voltage-Activated Ca(2+) channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Cens
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), CNRS UMR 5247, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France; Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire (CRBM), CNRS UMR 5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier cedex 5, France; Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
| | - Matthieu Rousset
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), CNRS UMR 5247, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France; Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire (CRBM), CNRS UMR 5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier cedex 5, France; Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
| | - Claude Collet
- INRA UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, 228 Route de l'aérodrome, Domaine Saint Paul, Site Agroparc, CS40509, 84914 Avignon cedex 9, France.
| | - Mercedes Charreton
- INRA UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, 228 Route de l'aérodrome, Domaine Saint Paul, Site Agroparc, CS40509, 84914 Avignon cedex 9, France.
| | - Lionel Garnery
- Laboratoire Evolution Génome et Spéciation (LEGS), CNRS UPR 9034, Avenue de la Terrasse, Bâtiment 13, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France.
| | - Yves Le Conte
- INRA UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, 228 Route de l'aérodrome, Domaine Saint Paul, Site Agroparc, CS40509, 84914 Avignon cedex 9, France.
| | - Mohamed Chahine
- Centre de recherche, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, 2601 Chemin de la Canardière, Québec Québec G1J 2G3, Canada.
| | - Jean-Christophe Sandoz
- Laboratoire Evolution Génome et Spéciation (LEGS), CNRS UPR 9034, Avenue de la Terrasse, Bâtiment 13, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France.
| | - Pierre Charnet
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), CNRS UMR 5247, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France; Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire (CRBM), CNRS UMR 5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier cedex 5, France; Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
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Weaver EM, Zamora FJ, Puplampu-Dove YA, Kiessu E, Hearne JL, Martin-Caraballo M. Regulation of T-type calcium channel expression by sodium butyrate in prostate cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 749:20-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Effet de l’exposition chronique au nickel sur les fonctions neurocomportementales chez les rats Wistar pendant la période de développement. TOXICOLOGIE ANALYTIQUE ET CLINIQUE 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2014.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Marchetti C. Interaction of metal ions with neurotransmitter receptors and potential role in neurodiseases. Biometals 2014; 27:1097-113. [PMID: 25224737 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-014-9791-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that toxic metals play a role in diseases of unknown etiology. Their action is often mediated by membrane proteins, and in particular neurotransmitter receptors. This brief review will describe recent findings on the direct interaction of metal ions with ionotropic γ-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) and glutamate receptors, the main inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian central nervous system, respectively. Both hyper and hypo function of these receptors are involved in neurological and psychotic syndromes and modulation by metal ions is an important pharmacological issue. The focus will be on three xenobiotic metals, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) that have no biological function and whose presence in living organisms is only detrimental, and two trace metals, zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu), which are essential for several enzymatic functions, but can mediate toxic actions if deregulated. Despite limited access to the brain and tight control by metalloproteins, exogenous metals interfere with receptor performances by mimicking physiological ions and occupying one or more modulatory sites on the protein. These interactions will be discussed as a potential cause of neuronal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Marchetti
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via De Marini, 6, 16149, Genoa, Italy,
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38
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Elies J, Scragg JL, Huang S, Dallas ML, Huang D, MacDougall D, Boyle JP, Gamper N, Peers C. Hydrogen sulfide inhibits Cav3.2 T-type Ca2+ channels. FASEB J 2014; 28:5376-87. [PMID: 25183670 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-257113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The importance of H2S as a physiological signaling molecule continues to develop, and ion channels are emerging as a major family of target proteins through which H2S exerts many actions. The purpose of the present study was to investigate its effects on T-type Ca(2+) channels. Using patch-clamp electrophysiology, we demonstrate that the H2S donor, NaHS (10 μM-1 mM) selectively inhibits Cav3.2 T-type channels heterologously expressed in HEK293 cells, whereas Cav3.1 and Cav3.3 channels were unaffected. The sensitivity of Cav3.2 channels to H2S required the presence of the redox-sensitive extracellular residue H191, which is also required for tonic binding of Zn(2+) to this channel. Chelation of Zn(2+) with N,N,N',N'-tetra-2-picolylethylenediamine prevented channel inhibition by H2S and also reversed H2S inhibition when applied after H2S exposure, suggesting that H2S may act via increasing the affinity of the channel for extracellular Zn(2+) binding. Inhibition of native T-type channels in 3 cell lines correlated with expression of Cav3.2 and not Cav3.1 channels. Notably, H2S also inhibited native T-type (primarily Cav3.2) channels in sensory dorsal root ganglion neurons. Our data demonstrate a novel target for H2S regulation, the T-type Ca(2+) channel Cav3.2, and suggest that such modulation cannot account for the pronociceptive effects of this gasotransmitter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacobo Elies
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, and
| | - Jason L Scragg
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, and
| | - Sha Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; and
| | - Mark L Dallas
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Dongyang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; and
| | - David MacDougall
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - John P Boyle
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, and
| | - Nikita Gamper
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; and
| | - Chris Peers
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, and
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Alsop D, Lall SP, Wood CM. Reproductive impacts and physiological adaptations of zebrafish to elevated dietary nickel. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 165:67-75. [PMID: 24858402 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nickel (Ni) concentrations in the environment can rise due to human industrial activities. The toxicity of waterborne Ni to aquatic animals has been examined in a number of previous studies; however, little is known about the impacts of elevated dietary Ni. In the present study, zebrafish were chronically fed diets containing two concentrations of Ni [3.7 (control) and 116 μg Ni/g diet]. Ni-exposed males, but not females, were significantly smaller (26%) compared to controls at 80 days. In addition, total egg production was decreased by 65% in the Ni treatment at 75-78 days of the experiment. Ni was ubiquitously distributed in control animals (similar to previous studies), and concentrations varied between tissues by 15-fold. Ni exposure resulted in modest but significant Ni accumulation in some tissues (increases were highest in brain, vertebrae and gut; 44%, 34% and 25%, respectively), an effect observed only at 80 days. The limited Ni accumulation may be due to (1) the lack of an acidified stomach in zebrafish and/or (2) the efficient upregulation of Ni transport and excretion mechanisms, as indicated by the 4.5-fold increase in waterborne (63)Ni uptake by Ni-exposed fish. Eggs from Ni-exposed adults had Ni concentrations that were 5.2-fold higher than controls. However, by 4 days post fertilization, larvae had similar Ni concentrations as controls, demonstrating a capacity for rapid Ni depuration. Larvae from Ni-exposed adults were also more resistant to waterborne Ni (35% increase in the 96-h LC50 over controls). In conclusion, elevated dietary Ni significantly affected zebrafish reproduction despite only modest tissue Ni accumulation. There were also indications of adaptation, including increased Ni uptake rates and increased Ni tolerance of offspring from Ni-exposed adults. Ni concentrations were particularly elevated in the brain with exposure; possible relations to growth and reproductive impacts require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Alsop
- McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Santosh P Lall
- National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Chris M Wood
- McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Models of calcium permeation through T-type channels. Pflugers Arch 2014; 466:635-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-013-1437-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Perez-Reyes E, Lee JH. Ins and outs of T-channel structure function. Pflugers Arch 2013; 466:627-33. [PMID: 24337909 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-013-1419-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We review the ins and outs of T-channel structure, focusing on the extracellular high-affinity metal-binding site and intracellular loops. The high-affinity metal-binding site was localized to repeat I of Cav3.2. Interestingly, a similar binding site was found in the high voltage-activated Cav2.3 channel where it controls the channels' voltage dependence. Histidine at position 191 has a particularly interesting role in the high-affinity binding site, and its modification plays an important role in channel regulation by pharmacological agents that alter redox reactions. The intracellular loop connecting repeats I and II plays two important roles in Cav3.2 properties: one, its gating; and two, its surface expression. These studies have also identified a highly conserved intracellular gating brake that is predicted to form a helix-loop-helix structure. We conclude that the gating brake establishes important contacts with the gating machinery, thereby stabilizing a closed state of T-channels. This interaction is disrupted by depolarization, allowing the S6 segments to open and allowing Ca(2+) ions to flow through. Studies in cultured hippocampal neurons provided novel insights into how mutations found in idiopathic generalized epilepsy patients increase seizure susceptibility by both altering T-current pacemaker currents and by activating Ca-activated transcription factors that regulate dendritic arborization. These studies reveal novel roles for T-channels to control cellular physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Perez-Reyes
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA,
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Seo H, Li HY, Perez-Reyes E, Lee JH. Effects of eugenol on T-type Ca2+ channel isoforms. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013; 347:310-7. [PMID: 24014106 PMCID: PMC11047949 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.207936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Eugenol has been used as an analgesic in dentistry. Previous studies have demonstrated that voltage-gated Na(+) channels and high-voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels expressed in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons sensing dental pain are molecular targets of eugenol for its analgesic effects. However, it has not been investigated whether eugenol can affect T-type Ca(2+) channels, which are known to be detected in the afferent neurons. In this report, we investigate how eugenol can influence cloned T-type channel isoforms expressed in HEK293 cells, using whole-cell patch clamp. Application of eugenol inhibited Cav3.1, Cav3.2, and Cav3.3 currents in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 values of 463, 486, and 708 μM, respectively. Eugenol was found to negatively shift the steady-state inactivation curves of the T-type channel isoforms, but it did not shift their activation curves. In addition, eugenol had little effect on the current kinetics of Cav3.1 and Cav3.2, but it accelerated the inactivation kinetics of Cav3.3 currents. Reduction of channel availability enhanced eugenol inhibition sensitivity for Cav3.1 and Cav3.2, but not for Cav3.3. Moreover, eugenol inhibition of T-type channel isoforms was found to be use dependent. Finally, we show that the T-type currents recorded from rat TG neurons were inhibited by eugenol with a similar potency to Cav3.1 and Cav3.2 isoforms. Taken together, our findings suggest that T-type Ca(2+) channels are additional molecular targets for the pain-relieving effects of eugenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haengsoo Seo
- Department of Life Science and Basic Science Institute for Cell Damage Control, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (H.S., H.Y.L., J.-H.L.); and Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia (E.P.-R.)
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Park HJ, Park SJ, Ahn EJ, Lee SY, Seo H, Lee JH. Asp residues of the Glu-Glu-Asp-Asp pore filter contribute to ion permeation and selectivity of the Cav3.2 T-type channel. Cell Calcium 2013; 54:226-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Boycott HE, Dallas ML, Elies J, Pettinger L, Boyle JP, Scragg JL, Gamper N, Peers C. Carbon monoxide inhibition of Cav3.2 T-type Ca2+ channels reveals tonic modulation by thioredoxin. FASEB J 2013; 27:3395-407. [PMID: 23671274 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-227249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
T-type Ca(2+) channels play diverse roles in tissues such as sensory neurons, vascular smooth muscle, and cancers, where increased expression of the cytoprotective enzyme, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is often found. Here, we report regulation of T-type Ca(2+) channels by carbon monoxide (CO) a HO-1 by-product. CO (applied as CORM-2) caused a concentration-dependent, poorly reversible inhibition of all T-type channel isoforms (Cav3.1-3.3, IC50 ∼3 μM) expressed in HEK293 cells, and native T-type channels in NG108-15 cells and primary rat sensory neurons. No recognized CO-sensitive signaling pathway could account for the CO inhibition of Cav3.2. Instead, CO sensitivity was mediated by an extracellular redox-sensitive site, which was also highly sensitive to thioredoxin (Trx). Trx depletion (using auranofin, 2-5 μM) reduced Cav3.2 currents and their CO sensitivity by >50% but increased sensitivity to dithiothreitol ∼3-fold. By contrast, Cav3.1 and Cav3.3 channels, and their sensitivity to CO, were unaffected in identical experiments. Our data propose a novel signaling pathway in which Trx acts as a tonic, endogenous regulator of Cav3.2 channels, while HO-1-derived CO disrupts this regulation, causing channel inhibition. CO modulation of T-type channels has widespread implications for diverse physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms, such as excitability, contractility, and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Boycott
- Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health, and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Nosal OV, Lyubanova OP, Naidenov VG, Shuba YM. Complex modulation of Ca(v)3.1 T-type calcium channel by nickel. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70:1653-61. [PMID: 23250353 PMCID: PMC11113523 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1225-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Nickel is considered to be a selective blocker of low-voltage-activated T-type calcium channel. Recently, the Ni(2+)-binding site with critical histidine-191 (H191) within the extracellular IS3-IS4 domain of the most Ni(2+)-sensitive Cav3.2 T-channel isoform has been identified. All calcium channels are postulated to also have intrapore-binding site limiting maximal current carried by permeating divalent cations (PDC) and determining the blockade by non-permeating ones. However, the contribution of the two sites to the overall Ni(2+) effect and its dependence on PDC remain uncertain. Here we compared Ni(2+) action on the wild-type "Ni(2+)-insensitive" Cav3.1w/t channel and Cav3.1Q172H mutant having glutamine (Q) equivalent to H191 of Cav3.2 replaced by histidine. Each channel was expressed in Xenopus oocytes, and Ni(2+) blockade of Ca(2+), Sr(2+), or Ba(2+) currents was assessed by electrophysiology. Inhibition of Cav3.1w/t by Ni(2+) conformed to two sites binding. Ni(2+) binding with high-affinity site (IC50 = 0.03-3 μM depending on PDC) produced maximal inhibition of 20-30% and was voltage-dependent, consistent with its location within the channel's pore. Most of the inhibition (70-80%) was produced by Ni(2+) binding with low-affinity site (IC50 = 240-700 μM). Q172H-mutation mainly affected low-affinity binding (IC50 = 120-160 μM). The IC50 of Ni(2+) binding with both sites in the Cav3.1w/t and Cav3.1Q172H was differentially modulated by PDC, suggesting a varying degree of competition of Ca(2+), Sr(2+), or Ba(2+) with Ni(2+). We conclude that differential Ni(2+)-sensitivity of T-channel subtypes is determined only by H-containing external binding sites, which, in the absence of Ni(2+), may be occupied by PDC, influencing in turn the channel's permeation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena V. Nosal
- International Center of Molecular Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Olga P. Lyubanova
- International Center of Molecular Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Valeri G. Naidenov
- Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Bogomoletz Str., 4, Kiev, 01024 Ukraine
| | - Yaroslav M. Shuba
- International Center of Molecular Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
- Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Bogomoletz Str., 4, Kiev, 01024 Ukraine
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Kiev, Ukraine
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T-type Cav3.2 Ca2+ channel is predominantly expressed in Xenopus laevis testis and involved in the fertilization process. Genes Genomics 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-013-0072-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lopin KV, Gray IP, Obejero-Paz CA, Thévenod F, Jones SW. Fe²⁺ block and permeation of CaV3.1 (α1G) T-type calcium channels: candidate mechanism for non-transferrin-mediated Fe²⁺ influx. Mol Pharmacol 2012; 82:1194-204. [PMID: 22973060 DOI: 10.1124/mol.112.080184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is a biologically essential metal, but excess iron can cause damage to the cardiovascular and nervous systems. We examined the effects of extracellular Fe²⁺ on permeation and gating of Ca(V)3.1 channels stably transfected in HEK293 cells, by using whole-cell recording. Precautions were taken to maintain iron in the Fe²⁺ state (e.g., use of extracellular ascorbate). With the use of instantaneous I-V currents (measured after strong depolarization) to isolate the effects on permeation, extracellular Fe²⁺ rapidly blocked currents with 2 mM extracellular Ca²⁺ in a voltage-dependent manner, as described by a Woodhull model with K(D) = 2.5 mM at 0 mV and apparent electrical distance δ = 0.17. Extracellular Fe²⁺ also shifted activation to more-depolarized voltages (by ∼10 mV with 1.8 mM extracellular Fe²⁺) somewhat more strongly than did extracellular Ca²⁺ or Mg²⁺, which is consistent with a Gouy-Chapman-Stern model with surface charge density σ = 1 e(-)/98 Ų and K(Fe) = 4.5 M⁻¹ for extracellular Fe²⁺. In the absence of extracellular Ca²⁺ (and with extracellular Na⁺ replaced by TEA), Fe²⁺ carried detectable, whole-cell, inward currents at millimolar concentrations (73 ± 7 pA at -60 mV with 10 mM extracellular Fe²⁺). With a two-site/three-barrier Eyring model for permeation of Ca(V)3.1 channels, we estimated a transport rate for Fe²⁺ of ∼20 ions/s for each open channel at -60 mV and pH 7.2, with 1 μM extracellular Fe²⁺ (with 2 mM extracellular Ca²⁺). Because Ca(V)3.1 channels exhibit a significant "window current" at that voltage (open probability, ∼1%), Ca(V)3.1 channels represent a likely pathway for Fe²⁺ entry into cells with clinically relevant concentrations of extracellular Fe²⁺.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle V Lopin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Shcheglovitov A, Vitko I, Lazarenko RM, Orestes P, Todorovic SM, Perez-Reyes E. Molecular and biophysical basis of glutamate and trace metal modulation of voltage-gated Ca(v)2.3 calcium channels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 139:219-34. [PMID: 22371363 PMCID: PMC3289959 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201110699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe a new mechanism by which glutamate (Glu) and trace metals reciprocally modulate activity of the Cav2.3 channel by profoundly shifting its voltage-dependent gating. We show that zinc and copper, at physiologically relevant concentrations, occupy an extracellular binding site on the surface of Cav2.3 and hold the threshold for activation of these channels in a depolarized voltage range. Abolishing this binding by chelation or the substitution of key amino acid residues in IS1–IS2 (H111) and IS2–IS3 (H179 and H183) loops potentiates Cav2.3 by shifting the voltage dependence of activation toward more negative membrane potentials. We demonstrate that copper regulates the voltage dependence of Cav2.3 by affecting gating charge movements. Thus, in the presence of copper, gating charges transition into the “ON” position slower, delaying activation and reducing the voltage sensitivity of the channel. Overall, our results suggest a new mechanism by which Glu and trace metals transiently modulate voltage-dependent gating of Cav2.3, potentially affecting synaptic transmission and plasticity in the brain.
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Unal CT, Golowasch JP, Zaborszky L. Adult mouse basal forebrain harbors two distinct cholinergic populations defined by their electrophysiology. Front Behav Neurosci 2012; 6:21. [PMID: 22586380 PMCID: PMC3346982 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2012.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed whole-cell recordings from basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic neurons in transgenic mice expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) under the control of the choline acetyltransferase promoter. BF cholinergic neurons can be differentiated into two electrophysiologically identifiable subtypes: early and late firing neurons. Early firing neurons (∼70%) are more excitable, show prominent spike frequency adaptation and are more susceptible to depolarization blockade, a phenomenon characterized by complete silencing of the neuron following initial action potentials. Late firing neurons (∼30%), albeit being less excitable, could maintain a tonic discharge at low frequencies. In voltage clamp analysis, we have shown that early firing neurons have a higher density of low voltage activated (LVA) calcium currents. These two cholinergic cell populations might be involved in distinct functions: the early firing group being more suitable for phasic changes in cortical acetylcholine release associated with attention while the late firing neurons could support general arousal by maintaining tonic acetylcholine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cagri T Unal
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark NJ, USA
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