1
|
Wang D, Gu X, Ma X, Chen J, Zhang Q, Yu Z, Li J, Hu M, Tan X, Tang Y, Xu J, Xu M, Song Q, Song H, Jiang G, Tang Z, Gao X, Chen H. Nanopolyphenol rejuvenates microglial surveillance of multiple misfolded proteins through metabolic reprogramming. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:834-851. [PMID: 36873190 PMCID: PMC9978858 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglial surveillance plays an essential role in clearing misfolded proteins such as amyloid-beta, tau, and α-synuclein aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases. However, due to the complex structure and ambiguous pathogenic species of the misfolded proteins, a universal approach to remove the misfolded proteins remains unavailable. Here, we found that a polyphenol, α-mangostin, reprogrammed metabolism in the disease-associated microglia through shifting glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation, which holistically rejuvenated microglial surveillance capacity to enhance microglial phagocytosis and autophagy-mediated degradation of multiple misfolded proteins. Nanoformulation of α-mangostin efficiently delivered α-mangostin to microglia, relieved the reactive status and rejuvenated the misfolded-proteins clearance capacity of microglia, which thus impressively relieved the neuropathological changes in both Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease model mice. These findings provide direct evidences for the concept of rejuvenating microglial surveillance of multiple misfolded proteins through metabolic reprogramming, and demonstrate nanoformulated α-mangostin as a potential and universal therapy against neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dayuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiao Gu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xinyi Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qizhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhihua Yu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Meng Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaofang Tan
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuyun Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jianrong Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Minjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qingxiang Song
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Huahua Song
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Gan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zaiming Tang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaoling Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu L, Liu P, Yang Y, Dai S, Wang Z, Zhao A, Huang N, Chen J, Yang P. Dual-catalytic CuTPP/TiO 2 nanoparticles for surface catalysis engineering of cardiovascular materials. Mater Today Bio 2022; 17:100494. [PMID: 36425925 PMCID: PMC9678768 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endowing materials with catalytic activities analogous to those of the natural endothelium to thus enhance their biological performance has become an option for constructing advanced blood-contact materials. The electron transfer between Cu2+ and Cu+ in the porphyrin center can catalyze the reaction of GSH and GSNO to generate NO, and this electron transfer can also catalyze the decomposition of ROS. Based on this, we created a dual-catalytic surface possessing NO-generating and ROS-scavenging activities to better mimic the versatile catalytic abilities of the endothelium. Copper tetraphenylporphyrin/titanium dioxide nanoparticles (CuTPP/TiO2-NPs) exhibiting excellent NO-generating and ROS-scavenging activities were synthesized and immobilized on the material surface to form a dual-catalytic film (CuTPP/TiO2-film) with the help of the catechol chemistry technique. Unlike most single catalytic surfaces, the dual-catalytic CuTPP/TiO2-film effectively regulated the microenvironment surrounding the implanted device by releasing NO signaling molecules and scavenging harmful ROS. This dual-catalytic film exhibited excellent biosafety and biocompatibility with anti-thrombosis, vascular wall cells (ECs and SMCs) modulation, and anti-inflammatory properties. We envision that this dual-catalytic endothelial bionic strategy may provide a promising solution to the clinical problems plaguing blood-contact devices and provide a novel basis for the further development of surface catalytic-engineered biomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of the Education Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Peng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of the Education Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Youhe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of the Education Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Sheng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of the Education Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Zhixing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of the Education Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Ansha Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of the Education Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Nan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of the Education Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Jiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of the Education Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32 of the West Second Section of First Ring Road, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Ping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of the Education Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ibrahim WW, Kamel AS, Wahid A, Abdelkader NF. Dapagliflozin as an autophagic enhancer via LKB1/AMPK/SIRT1 pathway in ovariectomized/D-galactose Alzheimer's rat model. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:2505-2520. [PMID: 35364737 PMCID: PMC9700568 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00973-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy and mitochondrial deficits are characteristics of early phase of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors have been nominated as a promising class against AD hallmarks. However, there are no available data yet to discuss the impact of gliflozins on autophagic pathways in AD. Peripherally, dapagliflozin's (DAPA) effect is mostly owed to autophagic signals. Thus, the goal of this study is to screen the power of DAPA centrally on LKB1/AMPK/SIRT1/mTOR signaling in the ovariectomized/D-galactose (OVX/D-Gal) rat model. Animals were arbitrarily distributed between 5 groups; the first group undergone sham operation, while remaining groups undergone OVX followed by D-Gal (150 mg/kg/day; i.p.) for 70 days. After 6 weeks, the third, fourth, and fifth groups received DAPA (1 mg/kg/day; p.o.); concomitantly with the AMPK inhibitor dorsomorphin (DORSO, 25 µg/rat, i.v.) in the fourth group and the SIRT1 inhibitor EX-527 (10 µg/rat, i.v.) in the fifth group. DAPA mitigated cognitive deficits of OVX/D-Gal rats, as mirrored in neurobehavioral task with hippocampal histopathological examination and immunohistochemical aggregates of p-Tau. The neuroprotective effect of DAPA was manifested by elevation of energy sensors; AMP/ATP ratio and LKB1/AMPK protein expressions along with autophagic markers; SIRT1, Beclin1, and LC3B expressions. Downstream the latter, DAPA boosted mTOR and mitochondrial function; TFAM, in contrary lessened BACE1. Herein, DORSO or EX-527 co-administration prohibited DAPA's actions where DORSO elucidated DAPA's direct effect on LKB1 while EX-527 mirrored its indirect effect on SIRT1. Therefore, DAPA implied its anti-AD effect, at least in part, via boosting hippocampal LKB1/AMPK/SIRT1/mTOR signaling in OVX/D-Gal rat model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weam W Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Kamel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Wahid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Noha F Abdelkader
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Brody AH, Nies SH, Guan F, Smith LM, Mukherjee B, Salazar SA, Lee S, Lam TKT, Strittmatter SM. Alzheimer risk gene product Pyk2 suppresses tau phosphorylation and phenotypic effects of tauopathy. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:32. [PMID: 35501917 PMCID: PMC9063299 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00526-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variation at the PTK2B locus encoding the protein Pyk2 influences Alzheimer's disease risk. Neurons express Pyk2 and the protein is required for Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide driven deficits of synaptic function and memory in mouse models, but Pyk2 deletion has minimal effect on neuro-inflammation. Previous in vitro data suggested that Pyk2 activity might enhance GSK3β-dependent Tau phosphorylation and be required for tauopathy. Here, we examine the influence of Pyk2 on Tau phosphorylation and associated pathology. METHODS The effect of Pyk2 on Tau phosphorylation was examined in cultured Hek cells through protein over-expression and in iPSC-derived human neurons through pharmacological Pyk2 inhibition. PS19 mice overexpressing the P301S mutant of human Tau were employed as an in vivo model of tauopathy. Phenotypes of PS19 mice with a targeted deletion of Pyk2 expression were compared with PS19 mice with intact Pyk2 expression. Phenotypes examined included Tau phosphorylation, Tau accumulation, synapse loss, gliosis, proteomic profiling and behavior. RESULTS Over-expression experiments from Hek293T cells indicated that Pyk2 contributed to Tau phosphorylation, while iPSC-derived human neuronal cultures with endogenous protein levels supported the opposite conclusion. In vivo, multiple phenotypes of PS19 were exacerbated by Pyk2 deletion. In Pyk2-null PS19 mice, Tau phosphorylation and accumulation increased, mouse survival decreased, spatial memory was impaired and hippocampal C1q deposition increased relative to PS19 littermate controls. Proteomic profiles of Pyk2-null mouse brain revealed that several protein kinases known to interact with Tau are regulated by Pyk2. Endogenous Pyk2 suppresses LKB1 and p38 MAPK activity, validating one potential pathway contributing to increased Tau pathology. CONCLUSIONS The absence of Pyk2 results in greater mutant Tau-dependent phenotypes in PS19 mice, in part via increased LKB1 and MAPK activity. These data suggest that in AD, while Pyk2 activity mediates Aβ-driven deficits, Pyk2 suppresses Tau-related phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Harrison Brody
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair Program, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sarah Helena Nies
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair Program, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Graduate School of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, D-72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Fulin Guan
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair Program, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Levi M Smith
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair Program, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Bandhan Mukherjee
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair Program, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Santiago A Salazar
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair Program, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Suho Lee
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair Program, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tu Kiet T Lam
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Keck MS & Proteomics Resource, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stephen M Strittmatter
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair Program, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
We previously identified genomic variants that are quantitative trait loci for circulating miR-1908-5p and then showed this microRNA to causally associate with plasma levels of LDL-C, fasting blood glucose and HbA1c. The link to LDL-C was subsequently validated and clarified by the identification of a miR1908-5p-TGFB-LDLR regulatory axis. Here, we continue our investigations on miR1908-5p function by leveraging human primary hepatocytes and HuH-7 hepatoma models. Expression of miR1908-5p was shown to be sensitive to glucose and agents affecting glucose metabolism. Transcriptome-wide changes in primary hepatocytes and HuH-7 cells treated with a miR1908-5p mimic were investigated by enrichment approaches to identify targeted transcripts and cognate pathways. Significant pathways included autophagy and increased mitochondrial function. Reduced activation and/or levels of several key energy and metabolic regulators (AKT, mTOR, ME1, G6PD, AMPK and LKB) were subsequently confirmed in mimic treated HuH-7 cells. These effects were associated with reduced NADPH to NADP+ ratio in HuH-7 cells. LKB1 was validated as a direct target of miR1908-5p, the reintroduction of which was however insufficient to compensate for the impact of the miR1908-5p mimic on AMPK and ACC1. These findings implicate miR1908-5p in metabolic and energy regulation in hepatocyte models via multiple, independent, pathways.
Collapse
|
6
|
Wei Y, Ni L, Pan J, Li X, Xu B, Deng Y, Yang T, Liu W. The Roles of Oxidative Stress in Regulating Autophagy in Methylmercury-induced Neurotoxicity. Neuroscience 2021; 469:175-190. [PMID: 34174372 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a potential neurotoxin that is highly toxic to the human central nervous system. Although MeHg neurotoxicity has been widely studied, the mechanism of MeHg neurotoxicity has not yet been fully elucidated. Some research evidence suggests that oxidative stress and autophagy are important molecular mechanisms of MeHg-induced neurotoxicity. Researchers have widely accepted that oxidative stress regulates the autophagy pathway. The current study reviews the activation of Nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2)-related oxidative stress pathways and autophagy signaling pathways in the case of MeHg neurotoxicity. In addition, autophagy mainly plays a role in the neurotoxicity of MeHg through mTOR-dependent and mTOR-independent autophagy signaling pathways. Finally, the regulation of autophagy by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Nrf2 in MeHg neurotoxicity was explored in this review, providing a new concept for the study of the neurotoxicity mechanism of MeHg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Wei
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Linlin Ni
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingjing Pan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Tianyao Yang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang F, Weng Z, Lyu Y, Bao Y, Liu J, Zhang Y, Sui X, Fang Y, Tang X, Shen X. Wheat germ-derived peptide ADWGGPLPH abolishes high glucose-induced oxidative stress via modulation of the PKCζ/AMPK/NOX4 pathway. Food Funct 2021; 11:6843-6854. [PMID: 32662486 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01229g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study explores the antioxidative effect of a specific wheat germ-derived peptide on high glucose-induced oxidative stress in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and the underlying mechanisms. The peptide ADWGGPLPH was identified by LC-MS/MS. The effects of this peptide on the production of ROS and the expression of oxidative stress signaling proteins in VSMCs were determined. STZ-induced mice were utilized to confirm the anti-oxidative and anti-diabetic cardiovascular disease effects of this peptide in vivo. The results showed that ADWGGPLPH significantly prevented high glucose-induced cell proliferation, decreased intracellular ROS generation, stimulated AMPK activity, inhibited the PKCζ, AKT and Erk1/2 phosphorylation, and suppressed NOX4 protein expression. In addition, ADWGGPLPH enhanced the antioxidant abilities and attenuated inflammatory cytokine generation in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Therefore, ADWGGPLPH prevents high glucose-induced oxidative stress in VSMCs by modulating the PKCζ/AMPK/NOX4 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210046, China.
| | - Zebin Weng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yi Lyu
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210046, China.
| | - Yifan Bao
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210046, China.
| | - Juncheng Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210046, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210046, China.
| | - Xiaonan Sui
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yong Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210046, China.
| | - Xiaozhi Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210046, China.
| | - Xinchun Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210046, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rodríguez C, Muñoz M, Contreras C, Prieto D. AMPK, metabolism, and vascular function. FEBS J 2021; 288:3746-3771. [PMID: 33825330 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a cellular energy sensor activated during energy stress that plays a key role in maintaining energy homeostasis. This ubiquitous signaling pathway has been implicated in multiple functions including mitochondrial biogenesis, redox regulation, cell growth and proliferation, cell autophagy and inflammation. The protective role of AMPK in cardiovascular function and the involvement of dysfunctional AMPK in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease have been highlighted in recent years. In this review, we summarize and discuss the role of AMPK in the regulation of blood flow in response to metabolic demand and the basis of the AMPK physiological anticontractile, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiatherogenic actions in the vascular system. Investigations by others and us have demonstrated the key role of vascular AMPK in the regulation of endothelial function, redox homeostasis, and inflammation, in addition to its protective role in the hypoxia and ischemia/reperfusion injury. The pathophysiological implications of AMPK involvement in vascular function with regard to the vascular complications of metabolic disease and the therapeutic potential of AMPK activators are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Rodríguez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Muñoz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Contreras
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Prieto
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bouviere J, Fortunato RS, Dupuy C, Werneck-de-Castro JP, Carvalho DP, Louzada RA. Exercise-Stimulated ROS Sensitive Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040537. [PMID: 33808211 PMCID: PMC8066165 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise represents a major challenge to whole-body homeostasis, provoking acute and adaptative responses at the cellular and systemic levels. Different sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been described in skeletal muscle (e.g., NADPH oxidases, xanthine oxidase, and mitochondria) and are closely related to the physiological changes induced by physical exercise through the modulation of several signaling pathways. Many signaling pathways that are regulated by exercise-induced ROS generation, such as adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear respiratory factor2 (NRF2), and PGC-1α are involved in skeletal muscle responses to physical exercise, such as increased glucose uptake, mitochondriogenesis, and hypertrophy, among others. Most of these adaptations are blunted by antioxidants, revealing the crucial role played by ROS during and after physical exercise. When ROS generation is either insufficient or exacerbated, ROS-mediated signaling is disrupted, as well as physical exercise adaptations. Thus, an understanding the limit between "ROS that can promote beneficial effects" and "ROS that can promote harmful effects" is a challenging question in exercise biology. The identification of new mediators that cause reductive stress and thereby disrupt exercise-stimulated ROS signaling is a trending on this topic and are covered in this current review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Bouviere
- Institut of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.B.); (R.S.F.); (D.P.C.)
| | - Rodrigo S. Fortunato
- Institut of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.B.); (R.S.F.); (D.P.C.)
| | - Corinne Dupuy
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR 9019CNRS, Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France;
| | - Joao Pedro Werneck-de-Castro
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Denise P. Carvalho
- Institut of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.B.); (R.S.F.); (D.P.C.)
| | - Ruy A. Louzada
- Institut of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.B.); (R.S.F.); (D.P.C.)
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR 9019CNRS, Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France;
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Exopolysaccharides isolated from Rhizopus nigricans induced colon cancer cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo via activating the AMPK pathway. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:221749. [PMID: 31894839 PMCID: PMC6960068 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related human deaths. The exopolysaccharide (EPS1-1), isolated from Rhizopus nigricans, has been described as exhibiting anti-tumor and pro-apoptotic activity against CRC, although the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Herein, we investigate how EPS1-1 induces apoptosis of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results show that, in vitro, EPS1-1 suppressed cell growth and facilitated apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner by activating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway in mouse colon cancer CT26 cells. However, treatment with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting AMPKα or with compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, interfered with the pro-apoptosis effects of EPS1-1. We also show that EPS1-1 initiated the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and liver kinase B1 (LKB1), both of which are necessary signals for AMPK activation. Furthermore, EPS1-1-mediated apoptosis is regulated by inactivation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and activation of the jun-NH2 kinase (JNK)-p53 signaling axis dependent on AMPK activation. In vivo, azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS)-treated CRC mice, when administered EPS1-1, exhibited activation of the AMPK pathway, inhibition of mTORC1, and accumulation of p53 in tumor tissues. Collectively, these findings suggest that EPS1-1-induced apoptosis relies on the activation of the AMPK pathway. The present study provides evidence suggesting that EPS1-1 may be an effective target for development of novel CRC therapeutic agents.
Collapse
|
11
|
He A, Zuo D, Liang X, Guo Y, Suxin L, Xia Y. Hypoglycemia increases endothelial-dependent vasodilation through suppressing phosphorylation at Threonine 495/497 site of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Microvasc Res 2021; 133:104075. [PMID: 32950484 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Phosphorylation plays an essential role in the regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity. However, the phosphorylation of eNOS under hypoglycemia and whether hypoglycemia changes eNOS activity is unknown. This paper aims to clarify the regulation of eNOS phosphorylation and its activity change under hypoglycemia. METHODS Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) and Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with hypoglycemia, and the phosphorylation of eNOS was subjected to western blot. Blood nitric oxide (NO) concentration was determined by NO kit and endothelial-dependent vasodilation was detected by multi-wire myograph. RESULTS In both BAECs and rats' thoracic aorta, hypoglycemia induced eNOS phosphorylation decrease specifically on Threonine (Thr) 497. Inhibition of ubiquitination of protein kinase C α subunit (PKCα) reverses the decrease of eNOS phosphorylation in hypoglycemia. Ubiquitinated PKCα can be reversed by AMPK knockdown. In rats, insulin induced hypoglycemia increased the concentration of NO in arterial blood, and progressively enhanced the endothelium-dependent vasodilation of the thoracic and mesenteric aorta. CONCLUSIONS In vitro, the activation of AMPK may lead to the expression of PKCα by regulating ubiquitination, resulting in a decrease in the level of P-eNOS Thr497 phosphorylation under hypoglycemia. In vivo, insulin-induced hypoglycemia produces a beneficial cardiovascular effect on rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- An He
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Deyu Zuo
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaoxue Liang
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yongzheng Guo
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Luo Suxin
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Yong Xia
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Margaritelis NV, Paschalis V, Theodorou AA, Kyparos A, Nikolaidis MG. Redox basis of exercise physiology. Redox Biol 2020; 35:101499. [PMID: 32192916 PMCID: PMC7284946 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox reactions control fundamental processes of human biology. Therefore, it is safe to assume that the responses and adaptations to exercise are, at least in part, mediated by redox reactions. In this review, we are trying to show that redox reactions are the basis of exercise physiology by outlining the redox signaling pathways that regulate four characteristic acute exercise-induced responses (muscle contractile function, glucose uptake, blood flow and bioenergetics) and four chronic exercise-induced adaptations (mitochondrial biogenesis, muscle hypertrophy, angiogenesis and redox homeostasis). Based on our analysis, we argue that redox regulation should be acknowledged as central to exercise physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N V Margaritelis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; Dialysis Unit, 424 General Military Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - V Paschalis
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - A A Theodorou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - A Kyparos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - M G Nikolaidis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
AMPK, Mitochondrial Function, and Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144987. [PMID: 32679729 PMCID: PMC7404275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is in charge of numerous catabolic and anabolic signaling pathways to sustain appropriate intracellular adenosine triphosphate levels in response to energetic and/or cellular stress. In addition to its conventional roles as an intracellular energy switch or fuel gauge, emerging research has shown that AMPK is also a redox sensor and modulator, playing pivotal roles in maintaining cardiovascular processes and inhibiting disease progression. Pharmacological reagents, including statins, metformin, berberine, polyphenol, and resveratrol, all of which are widely used therapeutics for cardiovascular disorders, appear to deliver their protective/therapeutic effects partially via AMPK signaling modulation. The functions of AMPK during health and disease are far from clear. Accumulating studies have demonstrated crosstalk between AMPK and mitochondria, such as AMPK regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction causing abnormal AMPK activity. In this review, we begin with the description of AMPK structure and regulation, and then focus on the recent advances toward understanding how mitochondrial dysfunction controls AMPK and how AMPK, as a central mediator of the cellular response to energetic stress, maintains mitochondrial homeostasis. Finally, we systemically review how dysfunctional AMPK contributes to the initiation and progression of cardiovascular diseases via the impact on mitochondrial function.
Collapse
|
14
|
Lee YY, Choi YS, Kim DW, Cheong JY, Song KY, Ryu MS, Lim IK. Mitochondrial nucleoid remodeling and biogenesis are regulated by the p53-p21 WAF1-PKCζ pathway in p16 INK4a-silenced cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:6700-6732. [PMID: 32330121 PMCID: PMC7202532 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to age-related senescence phenotypes. We report here the pathway increasing nucleoid remodeling and biogenesis in mitochondria during the senescence of foreskin human diploid fibroblasts (fs-HDF) and WI-38 cells. Replicative senescence in fs-HDF cells increased mitochondrial nucleoid remodeling as indicated by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) expression in enlarged and fused mitochondria. Mitochondrial nucleoid remodeling was accompanied by mitochondrial biogenesis in old cells, and the expression levels of OXPHOS complex-I, -IV and -V subunits, PGC-1α and NRF1 were greatly increased compared to young cells. Activated protein kinase C zeta (PKCζ) increased mitochondrial activity and expressed phenotypes of delayed senescence in fs-HDF cells, but not in WI-38 cells. The findings were reproduced in the doxorubicin-induced senescence of young fs-HDF and WI-38 cells via the PKCζ-LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway, which was regulated by the p53-p21WAF1 pathway when p16INK4a was silenced. The signaling enhanced PGC-1α-NRF1-TFAM axis in mitochondria, which was demonstrated by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of young and old fs-HDF cells. Activation of the p53-p21WAF1 pathway and silencing of p16INK4a are responsible for mitochondrial reprogramming in senescent cells, which may be a compensatory mechanism to promote cell survival under senescence stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yeong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea.,Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Yeon Seung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Do Wan Kim
- Omics Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Jae Youn Cheong
- Omics Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea.,Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Kye Yong Song
- Department of Pathology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Min Sook Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - In Kyoung Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in the Life Cycle of the Mitochondrion. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062173. [PMID: 32245255 PMCID: PMC7139706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, it is known that, in living systems, free radicals and other reactive oxygen and nitrogen species play a double role, because they can cause oxidative damage and tissue dysfunction and serve as molecular signals activating stress responses that are beneficial to the organism. It is also known that mitochondria, because of their capacity to produce free radicals, play a major role in tissue oxidative damage and dysfunction and provide protection against excessive tissue dysfunction through several mechanisms, including the stimulation of permeability transition pore opening. This process leads to mitoptosis and mitophagy, two sequential processes that are a universal route of elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria and is essential to protect cells from the harm due to mitochondrial disordered metabolism. To date, there is significant evidence not only that the above processes are induced by enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, but also that such production is involved in the other phases of the mitochondrial life cycle. Accumulating evidence also suggests that these effects are mediated through the regulation of the expression and the activity of proteins that are engaged in processes such as genesis, fission, fusion, and removal of mitochondria. This review provides an account of the developments of the knowledge on the dynamics of the mitochondrial population, examining the mechanisms governing their genesis, life, and death, and elucidating the role played by free radicals in such processes.
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhou J, Zhang X, Tang H, Yu J, Zu X, Xie Z, Yang X, Hu J, Tan F, Li Q, Lei X. Nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF-E2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in autophagy-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 506:1-8. [PMID: 32109431 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process, is the most important pathogenic events in the development and progression of liver diseases. Deregulation of Nrf2 is proposed to play a key pathogenic role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Under certain pathophysiological conditions, such as oxidative stress, impaired autophagy is accompanied by the Nrf2 activation that leads to the detrimental effects favoring the proliferation and survival of HCC. Elucidating its role and potential mechanism is essential for understanding tumorigenesis and the development of effective clinical application. Nrf2 is participated in HCC proliferation, migration and invasion through autophagy pathways. These includes the negatively regulated-Nrf2 by Keap1 that participates in HCC tumorigenesis via regulating ROS production, in which autophagy may contribute to oxidant metabolic reprogramming of HCC cells. Post-transcriptional modifications, such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination of Nrf2, can be positively or negatively induced by multiple transcription factors. Nrf2 exhibits chemoresistance through its binding sites in the promoter region of the target genes. Nrf2 may be a valuable potential biomarker and therapeutic strategy for diagnostics, prognostics and treatment of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhou
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Response Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Response Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Huifang Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Jia Yu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Response Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Xuyu Zu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Zhizhong Xie
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Response Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Response Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Juan Hu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Response Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Fang Tan
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Response Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Qing Li
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Response Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Xiaoyong Lei
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Response Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Al-Maiahy TJ. Concept and connotation of oxidative stress in preeclampsia. J Lab Physicians 2020; 10:276-282. [PMID: 30078962 PMCID: PMC6052821 DOI: 10.4103/jlp.jlp_26_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia (PE) is a systemic pregnancy-related disorder characterized by hypertension, proteinuria, and edema. Free radicals seem to play an important role in the induction of endothelial dysfunction in PE. AIM: The aim of the present study was to investigate serum levels of nitric oxide (NO), peroxynitrite (ONOO−), paraoxonase (PON-1), malondialdehyde (MDA), and lipid profile in preeclamptic patients compared to the women with normal pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 68 pregnant women were recruited. They were divided into two groups - Group A, 40 women were a newly diagnosed with PE and Group B, 28 women with normal pregnancy. Anthropometric measurements including body mass index and blood pressure in accordance with biochemical measurements including NO, ONOO−, PON-1, MDA, and lipid profile were done for preeclamptic pregnant women compared to the controls. RESULTS: Pregnant women with pre-eclampsia illustrated insignificant differences in the age (31.22±2.87) compared to the age of control P > 0.05. There were significant changes in the body mass index (BMI), type of delivery and smoking status of pregnant women with pre-eclampsia compared to the control P < 0.05. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were high in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia compared to the control P < 0.01. PON-1 and NO serum levels were significantly decreased (P < 0.01) while ONOO− and MDA serum levels were significantly increased in PE compared to the women with normal pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: This study concluded that PE is associated with the augmentation of oxidative stress and reduction of endogenous antioxidant capacity regarding PON-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine Al Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine Al Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Thabat J Al-Maiahy
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine Al Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lu Q, Liu J, Li X, Sun X, Zhang J, Ren D, Tong N, Li J. Empagliflozin attenuates ischemia and reperfusion injury through LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 501:110642. [PMID: 31759100 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The beneficial effects of empagliflozin (EMPA) on cardiac functions during ischemia and reperfusion were characterized. The contractile functions of isolated cardiomyocytes from adult C57BL/6J mice were determined with IonOptix SoftEdgeMyoCam system. The mitochondrial superoxide production was measured by MitoSOX fluorescent probe. The ex vivo isolated heart perfusion system was used to determine the pharmacological effects of EMPA on heart's contractile functions under both physiological and pathological conditions. The in vivo regional myocardial ischemia and reperfusion by ligation of left artery coronary artery descending (LAD) was used to measure the myocardial infarction caused by ischemia and reperfusion with or without EMPA treatment. The results demonstrated that EMPA treatment significantly improves cardiomyocyte contractility under hypoxia conditions and augments the post-ischemic recovery in the ex vivo heart perfusion system. Furthermore, the in vivo myocardial infarction measurement shows that EMPA treatment significantly reduce myocardial infarct size caused by ischemia and reperfusion. The biochemical analysis demonstrated that EMPA can trigger cardiac AMPK signaling pathway and attenuate mitochondrial superoxide production under hypoxia and reoxygenation conditions. In conclusion, EMPA can trigger AMPK signaling pathways and modulate myocardial contractility and reduce myocardial infarct size caused by ischemia and reperfusion independent of hypoglycemic effect. The results for the first time demonstrate that the activation of AMPK by EMPA could one reason about EMPA's beneficial effects on heart disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingguo Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 39216, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 39216, Jackson, MS, USA; Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 33612, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 39216, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 39216, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 39216, Jackson, MS, USA; Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 33612, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Di Ren
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 39216, Jackson, MS, USA; Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 33612, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Nanwei Tong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 39216, Jackson, MS, USA; Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 33612, Tampa, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li X, Liu J, Hu H, Lu S, Lu Q, Quan N, Rousselle T, Patel MS, Li J. Dichloroacetate Ameliorates Cardiac Dysfunction Caused by Ischemic Insults Through AMPK Signal Pathway-Not Only Shifts Metabolism. Toxicol Sci 2020; 167:604-617. [PMID: 30371859 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dichloroacetate (DCA), an inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK), regulates substrate metabolism in the heart. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an age-related energy sensor that protects the heart from ischemic injury. This study aims to investigate whether DCA can protect the heart from ischemic injury through the AMPK signaling pathway. Young (3-4 months) and aged (20-24 months) male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) for an in vivo ischemic model. The systolic function of the hearts was significantly decreased in both young and aged mice after 45 min of ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion. DCA treatment significantly improved cardiac function in both young and aged mice. The myocardial infarction analysis demonstrated that DCA treatment significantly reduced the infarction size caused by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in both young and aged mice. The isolated-cardiomyocyte experiments showed that DCA treatment ameliorated contractile dysfunction and improved the intracellular calcium signal of cardiomyocytes under hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) conditions. These cardioprotective functions of DCA can be attenuated by inhibiting AMPK activation. Furthermore, the metabolic measurements with an ex vivo working heart system demonstrated that the effects of DCA treatment on modulating the metabolic shift response to ischemia and reperfusion stress can be attenuated by inhibiting AMPK activity. The immunoblotting results showed that DCA treatment triggered cardiac AMPK signaling pathway by increasing the phosphorylation of AMPK's upstream kinase liver kinase B1 (LKB1) under both sham operations and I/R conditions. Thus, except from modulating metabolism in hearts, the cardioprotective function of DCA during I/R was mediated by the LKB1-AMPK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216.,Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216
| | - Shaoxin Lu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216
| | - Qingguo Lu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216
| | - Nanhu Quan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216.,Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Thomas Rousselle
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216
| | - Mulchand S Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo New York 14203
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Molecular machinery and interplay of apoptosis and autophagy in coronary heart disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 136:27-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
21
|
Li N, Wang Y, Neri S, Zhen Y, Fong LWR, Qiao Y, Li X, Chen Z, Stephan C, Deng W, Ye R, Jiang W, Zhang S, Yu Y, Hung MC, Chen J, Lin SH. Tankyrase disrupts metabolic homeostasis and promotes tumorigenesis by inhibiting LKB1-AMPK signalling. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4363. [PMID: 31554794 PMCID: PMC6761205 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12377-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The LKB1/AMPK pathway plays a major role in cellular homeostasis and tumor suppression. Down-regulation of LKB1/AMPK occurs in several human cancers and has been implicated in metabolic diseases. However, the precise upstream regulation of LKB1-AMPK pathway is largely unknown. Here, we report that AMPK activation by LKB1 is regulated by tankyrases. Tankyrases interact with and ribosylate LKB1, promoting its K63-linked ubiquitination by an E3 ligase RNF146, which blocks LKB1/STRAD/MO25 complex formation and LKB1 activation. LKB1 activation by tankyrase inhibitors induces AMPK activation and suppresses tumorigenesis. Similarly, the tankyrase inhibitor G007-LK effectively regulates liver metabolism and glycemic control in diabetic mice in a LKB1-dependent manner. In patients with lung cancer, tankyrase levels negatively correlate with p-AMPK levels and poor survival. Taken together, these findings suggest that tankyrase and RNF146 are major up-stream regulators of LKB1-AMPK pathway and provide another focus for cancer and metabolic disease therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75219, USA
| | - Shinya Neri
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yuanli Zhen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Lon Wolf R Fong
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yawei Qiao
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- School of Life Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Clifford Stephan
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, The Institute of Biosciences and Technology at Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Weiye Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75219, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Rui Ye
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75219, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shuxing Zhang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Steven H Lin
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mansini AP, Peixoto E, Jin S, Richard S, Gradilone SA. The Chemosensory Function of Primary Cilia Regulates Cholangiocyte Migration, Invasion, and Tumor Growth. Hepatology 2019; 69:1582-1598. [PMID: 30299561 PMCID: PMC6438749 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocytes, the epithelial cells lining the biliary tree in the liver, express primary cilia that can detect several kinds of environmental signals and then transmit this information into the cell. We have reported that cilia are significantly reduced in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and that the experimental deciliation of normal cells induces a malignant-like phenotype with increased proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, invasion, and migration. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the chemosensory function of cholangiocyte primary cilia acts as a mechanism for tumor suppression. We found that in the presence of extracellular nucleotides cilia-dependent chemosensation of the nucleotides inhibited migration and invasion in normal ciliated cholangiocytes through a P2Y11 receptor and liver kinase B1 (LKB1)-phosphatase and tensin homolog-AKT-dependent mechanism. In contrast, in normal deciliated cholangiocytes and CCA cells, the nucleotides induced the opposite effects, i.e., increased migration and invasion. As activation of LKB1 through a cilia-dependent mechanism was required for the nucleotide-mediated inhibitory effects on migration and invasion, we attempted to activate LKB1 directly, independent of ciliary expression, using the compound hesperidin methyl chalcone (HMC). We found that HMC induced activation of LKB1 in both ciliated and deciliated cells in vitro, resulting in the inhibition of migration and proliferation. Furthermore, using a rat syngeneic orthotopic CCA model, we found that HMC inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of the chemosensory function of primary cilia for the control of migration and invasion and suggest that, by directly activating LKB1 and bypassing the need for primary cilia, it is possible to emulate this chemosensory function in CCA cells; these data warrant further studies evaluating the possibility of using HMC as therapy for CCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian P. Mansini
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Estanislao Peixoto
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sujeong Jin
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Seth Richard
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Sergio A. Gradilone
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA,Address correspondence to Sergio A Gradilone, PhD. Section Leader “Cancer Cell Biology and Translational Research.” The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota. 801 16th Avenue NE. Austin, MN 55912, USA; Tel: +1-507-437-9628;
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zubiete-Franco I, García-Rodríguez JL, Lopitz-Otsoa F, Serrano-Macia M, Simon J, Fernández-Tussy P, Barbier-Torres L, Fernández-Ramos D, Gutiérrez-de-Juan V, López de Davalillo S, Carlevaris O, Beguiristain Gómez A, Villa E, Calvisi D, Martín C, Berra E, Aspichueta P, Beraza N, Varela-Rey M, Ávila M, Rodríguez MS, Mato JM, Díaz-Moreno I, Díaz-Quintana A, Delgado TC, Martínez-Chantar ML. SUMOylation regulates LKB1 localization and its oncogenic activity in liver cancer. EBioMedicine 2018; 40:406-421. [PMID: 30594553 PMCID: PMC6412020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Even though liver kinase B1 (LKB1) is usually described as a tumor suppressor in a wide variety of tissues, it has been shown that LKB1 aberrant expression is associated with bad prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Methods Herein we have overexpressed LKB1 in human hepatoma cells and by using histidine pull-down assay we have investigated the role of the hypoxia-related post-translational modification of Small Ubiquitin-related Modifier (SUMO)ylation in the regulation of LKB1 oncogenic role. Molecular modelling between LKB1 and its interactors, involved in regulation of LKB1 nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and LKB1 activity, was performed. Finally, high affinity SUMO binding entities-based technology were used to validate our findings in a pre-clinical mouse model and in clinical HCC. Findings We found that in human hepatoma cells under hypoxic stress, LKB1 overexpression increases cell viability and aggressiveness in association with changes in LKB1 cellular localization. Moreover, by using site-directed mutagenesis, we have shown that LKB1 is SUMOylated by SUMO-2 at Lys178 hampering LKB1 nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and fueling hepatoma cell growth. Molecular modelling of SUMO modified LKB1 further confirmed steric impedance between SUMOylated LKB1 and the STe20-Related ADaptor cofactor (STRADα), involved in LKB1 export from the nucleus. Finally, we provide evidence that endogenous LKB1 is modified by SUMO in pre-clinical mouse models of HCC and clinical HCC, where LKB1 SUMOylation is higher in fast growing tumors. Interpretation Overall, SUMO-2 modification of LKB1 at Lys178 mediates LKB1 cellular localization and its oncogenic role in liver cancer. Fund This work was supported by grants from NIH (US Department of Health and Human services)-R01AR001576-11A1 (J.M.M and M.L.M-C.), Gobierno Vasco-Departamento de Salud 2013111114 (to M.L.M.-C), ELKARTEK 2016, Departamento de Industria del Gobierno Vasco (to M.L.M.-C), MINECO: SAF2017–87301-R and SAF2014–52097-R integrado en el Plan Estatal de Investigación Cientifica y Técnica y Innovación 2013–2016 cofinanciado con Fondos FEDER (to M.L.M.-C and J.M.M., respectively), BFU2015–71017/BMC MINECO/FEDER, EU (to A.D.Q. and I.D.M.), BIOEF (Basque Foundation for Innovation and Health Research): EITB Maratoia BIO15/CA/014; Instituto de Salud Carlos III:PIE14/00031, integrado en el Plan Estatal de Investigación Cientifica y Técnica y Innovacion 2013–2016 cofinanciado con Fondos FEDER (to M.L.M.-C and J.M.M), Asociación Española contra el Cáncer (T.C.D, P·F-T and M.L.M-C), Daniel Alagille award from EASL (to T.C.D), Fundación Científica de la Asociación Española Contra el Cancer (AECC Scientific Foundation) Rare Tumor Calls 2017 (to M.L.M and M.A), La Caixa Foundation Program (to M.L.M), Programma di Ricerca Regione-Università 2007–2009 and 2011–2012, Regione Emilia-Romagna (to E.V.), Ramón Areces Foundation and the Andalusian Government (BIO-198) (A.D.Q. and I.D.M.), ayudas para apoyar grupos de investigación del sistema Universitario Vasco IT971–16 (P.A.), MINECO:SAF2015–64352-R (P.A.), Institut National du Cancer, FRANCE, INCa grant PLBIO16–251 (M.S.R.), MINECO - BFU2016–76872-R to (E.B.). Work produced with the support of a 2017 Leonardo Grant for Researchers and Cultural Creators, BBVA Foundation (M.V-R). Finally, Ciberehd_ISCIII_MINECO is funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. We thank MINECO for the Severo Ochoa Excellence Accreditation to CIC bioGUNE (SEV-2016-0644). Funding sources had no involvement in study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication. Overexpression of LKB1 in human hepatoma cells during hypoxic stress induces deregulated cell growth and survival. SUMO-2 modifications of LKB1 at Lys178 occur in human hepatoma cells hampering its nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. LKB1 SUMOylation is augmented in pre-clinical mouse models and clinical HCC, being a hallmark of more aggressive HCC tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imanol Zubiete-Franco
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Juan L García-Rodríguez
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Fernando Lopitz-Otsoa
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Marina Serrano-Macia
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Jorge Simon
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Pablo Fernández-Tussy
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Lucía Barbier-Torres
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - David Fernández-Ramos
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Virginia Gutiérrez-de-Juan
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Sergio López de Davalillo
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Onintza Carlevaris
- Physiopathology of the Hypoxia-Signalling Pathway Lab, CIC bioGUNE, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | - Erica Villa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria & University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Diego Calvisi
- Institute of Pathology, University Klinic of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - César Martín
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Edurne Berra
- Physiopathology of the Hypoxia-Signalling Pathway Lab, CIC bioGUNE, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Patricia Aspichueta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Biocruces Health Research Institute, 48093 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Naiara Beraza
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Marta Varela-Rey
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Matias Ávila
- Hepatology Department, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Manuel S Rodríguez
- UbiCARE, Advanced Technology Institute in Life Sciences (ITAV)-CNRS-IPBS, 31106 Toulouse, France
| | - José M Mato
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Irene Díaz-Moreno
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) - Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja), Universidad de Sevilla - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antonio Díaz-Quintana
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) - Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja), Universidad de Sevilla - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Teresa C Delgado
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - María L Martínez-Chantar
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang H, Shen X, Tian G, Shi X, Huang W, Wu Y, Sun L, Peng C, Liu S, Huang Y, Chen X, Zhang F, Chen Y, Ding W, Lu Z. AMPKα2 deficiency exacerbates long-term PM 2.5 exposure-induced lung injury and cardiac dysfunction. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 121:202-214. [PMID: 29753072 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) increases the risk of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. As a metabolic sensor, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a promising target for cardiovascular disease. However, the impact of AMPK on the adverse health effects of PM2.5 has not been investigated. In this study, we exposed wild-type (WT) and AMPKα2-/- mice to either airborne PM2.5 (mean daily concentration ~64 µg/m3) or filtered air for 6 months through a whole-body exposure system. After exposure, AMPKα2-/- mice developed severe lung injury and left ventricular dysfunction. In the PM2.5-exposed lungs and hearts, loss of AMPKα2 resulted in higher levels of fibrotic genes, more collagen deposition, lower levels of peroxiredoxin 5 (Prdx5), and greater induction of oxidative stress and inflammation than observed in the lungs and hearts of WT mice. In PM2.5-exposed BEAS-2B and H9C2 cells, inhibition of AMPK activity significantly decreased cell viability and Prdx5 expression, and increased the intracellular ROS and p-NF-κB levels. Collectively, our results provide the first direct evidence that AMPK has a marked protective effect on the adverse health effects induced by long-term PM2.5 exposure. Our findings suggest that strategies to increase AMPK activity may provide a novel approach to attenuate air pollution associated disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Wang
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiyue Shen
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guoxiong Tian
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xili Shi
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute for Environmental Reference Materials of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yongguang Wu
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Can Peng
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Huang
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yingjie Chen
- Cardiovascular Division and Lillehei Heart Institute; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Wenjun Ding
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Zhongbing Lu
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
An in vitro comparative study of the antioxidant activity and SIRT1 modulation of natural compounds. Biomed Pharmacother 2018. [PMID: 29525677 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress arises from an imbalance between the production of free radicals and antioxidant defences. Several studies have suggested that dietary antioxidants (such as polyphenols and berberine) may counteract oxidative stress through the involvement of the Sirtuin 1/Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase (SIRT1/AMPK) pathway. The aim of this study was to evaluate the direct and specific antioxidant activity of some natural compounds, as well as their ability to modulate the expression of SIRT1 and the activation of AMPK. Quercetin, tyrosol, ferulic acid, catechin, berberine and curcumin were evaluated for their specific and direct antioxidant activity with TOSC assay. Their ability to modulate SIRT1 and AMPK was assessed by immunoblotting assay, while their cytotoxicity by CellTiter-Blue Cell Viability Assay. No statistically significant decrease (p > 0.05) in the number of viable cells was found upon challenging with the natural compounds. Quercetin exhibited the highest antioxidant activity against peroxyl radical and peroxinitrate derivates, while curcumin showed the best anti-hydroxyl activity with respect to the other compounds and, most importantly, respect to the reference antioxidants. Finally, all the tested compounds significantly increased the SIRT1 expression and the activation of AMPK. Our results clearly disclose the specific antioxidant activity of these natural compounds and their ability to increase SIRT1 expression and AMPK activation.
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
The tumor suppressor LKB1 is an essential serine/threonine kinase, which regulates various cellular processes such as cell metabolism, cell proliferation, cell polarity, and cell migration. Germline mutations in the STK11 gene (encoding LKB1) are the cause of the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, which is characterized by benign polyps in the intestine and a higher risk for the patients to develop intestinal and extraintestinal tumors. Moreover, mutations and misregulation of LKB1 have been reported to occur in most types of tumors and are among the most common aberrations in lung cancer. LKB1 activates several downstream kinases of the AMPK family by direct phosphorylation in the T-loop. In particular the activation of AMPK upon energetic stress has been intensively analyzed in various diseases, including cancer to induce a metabolic switch from anabolism towards catabolism to regulate energy homeostasis and cell survival. In contrast, the regulation of LKB1 itself has long been only poorly understood. Only in the last years, several proteins and posttranslational modifications of LKB1 have been analyzed to control its localization, activity and recognition of substrates. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about the upstream regulation of LKB1, which is important for the understanding of the pathogenesis of many types of tumors.
Collapse
|
27
|
Nrf2-p62 autophagy pathway and its response to oxidative stress in hepatocellular carcinoma. Transl Res 2018; 193:54-71. [PMID: 29274776 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Deregulation of autophagy is proposed to play a key pathogenic role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary malignancy of the liver and the third leading cause of cancer death. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process activated to degrade and recycle cell's components. Under stress conditions, such as oxidative stress and nutrient deprivation, autophagy is an essential survival pathway that operates in harmony with other stress response pathways. These include the redox-sensitive transcription complex Nrf2-Keap1 that controls groups of genes with roles in detoxification and antioxidant processes, intermediary metabolism, and cell cycle regulation. Recently, a functional association between a dysfunctional autophagy and Nrf2 pathway activation has been identified in HCC. This appears to occur through the physical interaction of the autophagy adaptor p62 with the Nrf2 inhibitor Keap1, thus leading to increased stabilization and transcriptional activity of Nrf2, a key event in reprogramming metabolic and stress response pathways of proliferating hepatocarcinoma cells. These emerging molecular mechanisms and the therapeutic perspective of targeting Nrf2-p62 interaction in HCC are discussed in this paper along with the prognostic value of autophagy in this type of cancer.
Collapse
|
28
|
Andersen MN, Skibsbye L, Saljic A, Larsen MZ, Rasmussen HB, Jespersen T. Regulation of Kv1.4 potassium channels by PKC and AMPK kinases. Channels (Austin) 2017; 12:34-44. [PMID: 29168928 PMCID: PMC5972802 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2017.1405196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last years extensive kinase-mediated regulation of a number of voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels important in cardiac electrophysiology has been reported. This includes regulation of Kv1.5, Kv7.1 and Kv11.1 cell surface expression, where the kinase-mediated regulation appears to center around the ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-2. In the present study we examined whether Kv1.4, constituting the cardiac Ito,s current, is subject to similar regulation. In the epithelial Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cell line, which constitutes a highly reproducible model system for addressing membrane targeting, we find, by confocal microscopy, that Kv1.4 cell surface expression is downregulated by activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). In contrast, manipulating the activities of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) and serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) were without effect on channel localization. The PKC and AMPK-mediated downregulation of Kv1.4 membrane surface localization was confirmed by two-electrode voltage clamp in Xenopus laevis oocytes, where pharmacological activation of PKC and AMPK reduced Kv1.4 current levels. We further demonstrate that unlike related Kv channels, Kv1.4 current levels in Xenopus laevis oocytes are not reduced by co-expression of Nedd4-2, or the related Nedd4-1 ubiquitin ligase. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the surface expression of Kv1.4 is downregulated by the two kinases AMPK and PKC, but is unaffected by PI3K-SGK1 signaling, as well as Nedd4-1/Nedd4-2 activity. In the light of previous reports, our results demonstrate an impressive heterogeneity in the molecular pathways controlling the surface expression of highly related potassium channel subunits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Nybo Andersen
- a Dept. of Biomedical Sciences , Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Lasse Skibsbye
- a Dept. of Biomedical Sciences , Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Arnela Saljic
- a Dept. of Biomedical Sciences , Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Martin Zahle Larsen
- a Dept. of Biomedical Sciences , Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Hanne Borger Rasmussen
- a Dept. of Biomedical Sciences , Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Thomas Jespersen
- a Dept. of Biomedical Sciences , Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Pandey A, Ding SL, Qin QM, Gupta R, Gomez G, Lin F, Feng X, Fachini da Costa L, Chaki SP, Katepalli M, Case ED, van Schaik EJ, Sidiq T, Khalaf O, Arenas A, Kobayashi KS, Samuel JE, Rivera GM, Alaniz RC, Sze SH, Qian X, Brown WJ, Rice-Ficht A, Russell WK, Ficht TA, de Figueiredo P. Global Reprogramming of Host Kinase Signaling in Response to Fungal Infection. Cell Host Microbe 2017; 21:637-649.e6. [PMID: 28494245 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans (Cn) is a deadly fungal pathogen whose intracellular lifestyle is important for virulence. Host mechanisms controlling fungal phagocytosis and replication remain obscure. Here, we perform a global phosphoproteomic analysis of the host response to Cryptococcus infection. Our analysis reveals numerous and diverse host proteins that are differentially phosphorylated following fungal ingestion by macrophages, thereby indicating global reprogramming of host kinase signaling. Notably, phagocytosis of the pathogen activates the host autophagy initiation complex (AIC) and the upstream regulatory components LKB1 and AMPKα, which regulate autophagy induction through their kinase activities. Deletion of Prkaa1, the gene encoding AMPKα1, in monocytes results in resistance to fungal colonization of mice. Finally, the recruitment of AIC components to nascent Cryptococcus-containing vacuoles (CnCVs) regulates the intracellular trafficking and replication of the pathogen. These findings demonstrate that host AIC regulatory networks confer susceptibility to infection and establish a proteomic resource for elucidating host mechanisms that regulate fungal intracellular parasitism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aseem Pandey
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, USA; Norman Borlaug Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Sheng Li Ding
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, USA; Norman Borlaug Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Qing-Ming Qin
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Rahul Gupta
- Health and Engineering Group, Leidos Inc., 2295 Parklake Drive, Atlanta, GA 30345, USA
| | - Gabriel Gomez
- Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Furong Lin
- Norman Borlaug Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Xuehuan Feng
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, USA; Norman Borlaug Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Luciana Fachini da Costa
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, USA; Norman Borlaug Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Sankar P Chaki
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Madhu Katepalli
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Elizabeth D Case
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Erin J van Schaik
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Tabasum Sidiq
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Omar Khalaf
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Angela Arenas
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Koichi S Kobayashi
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - James E Samuel
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Gonzalo M Rivera
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Robert C Alaniz
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Sing-Hoi Sze
- Center for Bioinformatics & Genomic Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dwight Look College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Xiaoning Qian
- Center for Bioinformatics & Genomic Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Dwight Look College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - William J Brown
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-2703, USA
| | - Allison Rice-Ficht
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - William K Russell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
| | - Thomas A Ficht
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA.
| | - Paul de Figueiredo
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843, USA; Norman Borlaug Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mitochondrial energy metabolism and signalling in human glioblastoma cell lines with different PTEN gene status. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2017; 50:33-52. [PMID: 29209894 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-017-9737-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastomas epidemiology and aggressiveness demand for a well characterization of biochemical mechanisms of the cells. The discovery of oxidative tumours related to chemoresistance is changing the prevalent view of dysfunctional mitochondria in cancer cells. Thus, glioblastomas metabolism is now an area of intense research, wherein was documented a high heterogeneity in energy metabolism and in particular in mitochondrial OxPhos. We report results gained by investigating mitochondrial OxPhos and bioenergetics, in a model of three human glioblastoma cell lines characterized by a different PTEN gene status. Functional data are analysed in relation to the expression levels of some main transcription factors and signalling proteins, which can be involved in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and activity. Collectively, our observations indicate for the three cell lines a similar bioenergetic phenotype maintaining a certain degree of mitochondrial oxidative activity, with some difference for PTEN-wild type SF767 cells respect to PTEN-deleted A172 and U87MG characterized by a loss-of-function point mutation of PTEN. SF767 has lower ATP content and higher ADP/ATP ratio, higher AMPK activating-phosphorylation evoking energy impairment, higher OxPhos complexes and PGC1α-Sirt3-p53 protein abundance, in line with a higher respiration. Finally, SF767 shows a similar mitochondrial energy supply, but higher non-phosphorylating respiration linked to dissipation of protonmotive force. Intriguingly, it is now widely accepted that a regulated mitochondrial proton leak attenuate ROS generation and in tumours may be at the base of pro-survival advantage and chemoresistance.
Collapse
|
31
|
Lombardi MS, Gilliéron C, Berkelaar M, Gabay C. Salt-inducible kinases (SIK) inhibition reduces RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185426. [PMID: 28973003 PMCID: PMC5626034 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are large multinucleated cells responsible for bone resorption. Excessive inflammatory activation of osteoclasts leads to bony erosions, which are the hallmark of several diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Salt-inducible kinases (SIK) constitute a subfamily of kinases comprising three members (SIK1, -2, and -3). Inhibition of SIK kinase activity induces an anti-inflammatory phenotype in macrophages. Since osteoclasts originate from precursors of macrophage origin, we hypothesized a role of SIK in osteoclastogenesis. We analyzed SIK1, -2 and -3 expression and function in osteoclast differentiation using the mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM). We show that all three SIK are expressed in fully differentiated osteoclasts and that in BMM-derived osteoclasts there is an increased expression of SIK1 and SIK3 proteins. Interestingly, the pan-SIK inhibitor HG-9-91-01 significantly inhibited osteoclastogenesis by dose dependently reducing osteoclast differentiation markers (i.e. CathepsinK, MMP-9 and TRAP) and bone resorbing activity. Analysis of the signaling pathways activated by RANKL in RAW cells showed that SIK inhibitors did not affect RANKL-induced ERK1/2, JNK, p38 or NF-κB activation, but induced a significant downregulation in c-Fos and NFATc1 protein levels, the two main transcription factors involved in the regulation of osteoclast-specific genes. Moreover, SIK inhibition partially increased the proteasome-mediated degradation of c-Fos. SIK2 and SIK3 knockout RAW cells were generated by the CRISPR/Cas9 approach. SIK2 KO and, to a lesser extent, SIK3 KO recapitulated the effect of SIK small molecule inhibitor, thus confirming the specificity of the effect of SIK inhibition on the reduction of osteoclastogenesis. Overall, our results support the notion that the SIK signaling pathway plays a significant role among the check-points controlling osteoclastogenesis. SIK kinase inhibitors could thus represent a potential novel therapy to prevent bone erosions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stella Lombardi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (CGa); (MSL)
| | - Corine Gilliéron
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Majoska Berkelaar
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cem Gabay
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (CGa); (MSL)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lu Y, Ding S, Zhou R, Wu J. Structure of the complex of phosphorylated liver kinase B1 and 14-3-3ζ. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2017; 73:196-201. [PMID: 28368277 PMCID: PMC5379168 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x17003521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The serine/threonine protein kinase liver kinase B1 (LKB1) is a tumour suppressor and plays important roles in development and metabolism. It phosphorylates AMPK and AMPK-related kinases to regulate multiple physiological processes. Mutations in LKB1 often occur in multiple cancers. LKB1 can be suppressed by 14-3-3 proteins in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. Previously, the structure of a 14-3-3ζ-LKB1 fusion protein has been reported, revealing a phosphorylation-independent binding mode of LKB1 to 14-3-3 proteins. Here, the crystal structure of phosphorylated LKB1 peptide in complex with 14-3-3ζ was solved, which provides a structural basis for the phosphorylation-dependent recognition of LKB1 by 14-3-3 proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng Ding
- Department of Stomatology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruiqing Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianyong Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Evans CE, Zhao YY. Molecular Basis of Nitrative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Hypertension. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 967:33-45. [PMID: 29047079 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63245-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a lung vascular disease with marked increases in pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary artery pressure (>25 mmHg at rest). In PH patients, increases in pulmonary vascular resistance lead to impaired cardiac output and reduced exercise tolerance. If untreated, PH progresses to right heart failure and premature lethality. The mechanisms that control the pathogenesis of PH are incompletely understood, but evidence from human and animal studies implicate nitrative stress in the development of PH. Increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) result in nitrative stress, which in turn induces posttranslational modification of key proteins important for maintaining pulmonary vascular homeostasis. This affects their functions and thereby contributes to the pathogenesis of PH. In this chapter, molecular mechanisms underlying nitrative stress-induced PH are reviewed, molecular sources of ROS and RNS are delineated, and evidence of nitrative stress in PH patients is described. A better understanding of such mechanisms could lead to the development of novel treatments for PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Colin E Evans
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, 835 South Wolcott Avenue, E403-MSB, M/C 868, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.,Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,British Heart Foundation Center of Research Excellence, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - You-Yang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, 835 South Wolcott Avenue, E403-MSB, M/C 868, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA. .,Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Regulation and function of AMPK in physiology and diseases. Exp Mol Med 2016; 48:e245. [PMID: 27416781 PMCID: PMC4973318 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2016.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 701] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
5′-adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase that was originally identified as the key player in maintaining cellular energy homeostasis. Intensive research over the last decade has identified diverse molecular mechanisms and physiological conditions that regulate the AMPK activity. AMPK regulates diverse metabolic and physiological processes and is dysregulated in major chronic diseases, such as obesity, inflammation, diabetes and cancer. On the basis of its critical roles in physiology and pathology, AMPK is emerging as one of the most promising targets for both the prevention and treatment of these diseases. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the molecular and physiological regulation of AMPK and its metabolic and physiological functions. In addition, we discuss the mechanisms underlying the versatile roles of AMPK in diabetes and cancer.
Collapse
|
35
|
Margaritelis NV, Cobley JN, Paschalis V, Veskoukis AS, Theodorou AA, Kyparos A, Nikolaidis MG. Principles for integrating reactive species into in vivo biological processes: Examples from exercise physiology. Cell Signal 2016; 28:256-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
36
|
Tan VP, Miyamoto S. Nutrient-sensing mTORC1: Integration of metabolic and autophagic signals. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 95:31-41. [PMID: 26773603 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The ability of adult cardiomyocytes to regenerate is limited, and irreversible loss by cell death plays a crucial role in heart diseases. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved cellular catabolic process through which long-lived proteins and damaged organelles are targeted for lysosomal degradation. Autophagy is important in cardiac homeostasis and can serve as a protective mechanism by providing an energy source, especially in the face of sustained starvation. Cellular metabolism is closely associated with cell survival, and recent evidence suggests that metabolic and autophagic signaling pathways exhibit a high degree of crosstalk and are functionally interdependent. In this review, we discuss recent progress in our understanding of regulation of autophagy and its crosstalk with metabolic signaling, with a focus on the nutrient-sensing mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie P Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Qu LL, Yu B, Li Z, Jiang WX, Jiang JD, Kong WJ. Gastrodin Ameliorates Oxidative Stress and Proinflammatory Response in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through the AMPK/Nrf2 Pathway. Phytother Res 2015; 30:402-11. [PMID: 26634892 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the antioxidative, antiinflammatory and metabolism-regulating effects of gastrodin (GSTD) in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Oleic acid (OA) was used to induce steatosis in HL-7702 cells; a high-fat or high-fat and high-cholesterol diet was used to induce NAFLD in mice and rats. Our results showed that GSTD significantly increased hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) but decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS)/malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced the mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines both in vitro and in vivo. GSTD promoted the phosphorylation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) at serine (Ser) 40, stimulated its nuclear translocation and increased hepatic expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). GSTD activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), suppressed hepatic steatosis, lowered serum triglyceride (TG)/glucose and decreased body weight gain in animals with NAFLD. The stimulating effects of GSTD on the Nrf2 pathway as well as its antioxidative/antiinflammatory activities were abolished by compound C in OA-treated HL-7702 cells. In summary, our results demonstrate that GSTD activates the AMPK/Nrf2 pathway, ameliorates oxidative stress/proinflammatory response and improves lipid metabolism in NAFLD. Our findings may support the future clinical application of GSTD for the treatment of NAFLD to reduce hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress and proinflammatory response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products and Function, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Xiao Jiang
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products and Function, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Jia Kong
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lombardi MS, Gilliéron C, Dietrich D, Gabay C. SIK inhibition in human myeloid cells modulates TLR and IL-1R signaling and induces an anti-inflammatory phenotype. J Leukoc Biol 2015; 99:711-21. [PMID: 26590148 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.2a0715-307r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage polarization into a phenotype producing high levels of anti-inflammatory IL-10 and low levels of proinflammatory IL-12 and TNF-α cytokines plays a pivotal role in the resolution of inflammation. Salt-inducible kinases synergize with TLR signaling to restrict the formation of these macrophages. The expression and function of salt-inducible kinase in primary human myeloid cells are poorly characterized. Here, we demonstrated that the differentiation from peripheral blood monocytes to macrophages or dendritic cells induced a marked up-regulation of salt-inducible kinase protein expression. With the use of 2 structurally unrelated, selective salt-inducible kinase inhibitors, HG-9-91-01 and ARN-3236, we showed that salt-inducible kinase inhibition significantly decreased proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-12p40) and increased IL-10 secretion by human myeloid cells stimulated with TLR2 and-4 agonists. Differently than in mouse cells, salt-inducible kinase inhibition did not enhance IL-1Ra production in human macrophages. Salt-inducible kinase inhibition blocked several markers of proinflammatory (LPS + IFN-γ)-polarized macrophages [M(LPS + IFN-γ)] and induced a phenotype characterized by low TNF-α/IL-6/IL-12p70 and high IL-10. The downstream effects observed with salt-inducible kinase inhibitors on cytokine modulation correlated with direct salt-inducible kinase target (CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 3 and histone deacetylase 4) dephosphorylation in these cells. More importantly, we showed for the first time that salt-inducible kinase inhibition decreases proinflammatory cytokines in human myeloid cells upon IL-1R stimulation. Altogether, our results expand the potential therapeutic use of salt-inducible kinase inhibitors in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stella Lombardi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University Hospitals of Geneva, and Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Corine Gilliéron
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University Hospitals of Geneva, and Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Damien Dietrich
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University Hospitals of Geneva, and Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cem Gabay
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University Hospitals of Geneva, and Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zuo L, Pannell BK. Redox Characterization of Functioning Skeletal Muscle. Front Physiol 2015; 6:338. [PMID: 26635624 PMCID: PMC4649055 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle physiology is influenced by the presence of chemically reactive molecules such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). These molecules regulate multiple redox-sensitive signaling pathways that play a critical role in cellular processes including gene expression and protein modification. While ROS have gained much attention for their harmful effects in muscle fatigue and dysfunction, research has also shown ROS to facilitate muscle adaptation after stressors such as physical exercise. This manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current understanding of redox signaling in skeletal muscle. ROS-induced oxidative stress and its role in the aging process are discussed. Mitochondria have been shown to generate large amounts of ROS during muscular contractions, and thus are susceptible to oxidative stress. ROS can modify proteins located in the mitochondrial membrane leading to cell death and osmotic swelling. ROS also contribute to the necrosis and inflammation of muscle fibers that is associated with muscular diseases including Duchenne muscular dystrophy. It is imperative that future research continues to investigate the exact role of ROS in normal skeletal muscle function as well as muscular dysfunction and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus, OH, USA ; Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Benjamin K Pannell
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kalinina EV, Chernov NN, Novichkova MD. Role of glutathione, glutathione transferase, and glutaredoxin in regulation of redox-dependent processes. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2015; 79:1562-83. [PMID: 25749165 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297914130082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade fundamentally new features have been revealed for the participation of glutathione and glutathione-dependent enzymes (glutathione transferase and glutaredoxin) in cell proliferation, apoptosis, protein folding, and cell signaling. Reduced glutathione (GSH) plays an important role in maintaining cellular redox status by participating in thiol-disulfide exchange, which regulates a number of cell functions including gene expression and the activity of individual enzymes and enzyme systems. Maintaining optimum GSH/GSSG ratio is essential to cell viability. Decrease in the ratio can serve as an indicator of damage to the cell redox status and of changes in redox-dependent gene regulation. Disturbance of intracellular GSH balance is observed in a number of pathologies including cancer. Consequences of inappropriate GSH/GSSG ratio include significant changes in the mechanism of cellular redox-dependent signaling controlled both nonenzymatically and enzymatically with the participation of isoforms of glutathione transferase and glutaredoxin. This review summarizes recent data on the role of glutathione, glutathione transferase, and glutaredoxin in the regulation of cellular redox-dependent processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E V Kalinina
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, 117198, Russia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Khan M, Dhammu TS, Matsuda F, Singh AK, Singh I. Blocking a vicious cycle nNOS/peroxynitrite/AMPK by S-nitrosoglutathione: implication for stroke therapy. BMC Neurosci 2015; 16:42. [PMID: 26174015 PMCID: PMC4502912 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-015-0179-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke immediately sets into motion sustained excitotoxicity and calcium dysregulation, causing aberrant activity in neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and an imbalance in the levels of nitric oxide (NO). Drugs targeting nNOS-originated toxicity may therefore reduce stroke-induced damage. Recently, we observed that a redox-modulating agent of the NO metabolome, S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), confers neurovascular protection by reducing the levels of peroxynitrite, a product of aberrant NOS activity. We therefore investigated whether GSNO-mediated neuroprotection and improved neurological functions depend on blocking nNOS/peroxynitrite-associated injurious mechanisms using a rat model of cerebral ischemia reperfusion (IR). RESULTS IR increased the activity of nNOS, the levels of neuronal peroxynitrite and phosphorylation at Ser(1412) of nNOS. GSNO treatment of IR animals decreased IR-activated nNOS activity and neuronal peroxynitrite levels by reducing nNOS phosphorylation at Ser(1412). The Ser(1412) phosphorylation is associated with increased nNOS activity. Supporting the notion that nNOS activity and peroxynitrite are deleterious following IR, inhibition of nNOS by its inhibitor 7-nitroindazole or reducing peroxynitrite by its scavenger FeTPPS decreased IR injury. GSNO also decreased the activation of AMP Kinase (AMPK) and its upstream kinase LKB1, both of which were activated in IR brain. AMPK has been implicated in nNOS activation via Ser(1412) phosphorylation. To determine whether AMPK activation is deleterious in the acute phase of IR, we treated animals after IR with AICAR (an AMPK activator) and compound c (an AMPK inhibitor). While AICAR potentiated, compound c reduced the IR injury. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results indicate an injurious nNOS/peroxynitrite/AMPK cycle following stroke, and GSNO treatment of IR inhibits this vicious cycle, resulting in neuroprotection and improved neurological function. GSNO is a natural component of the human body, and its exogenous administration to humans is not associated with any known side effects. Currently, the FDA-approved thrombolytic therapy suffers from a lack of neuronal protective activity. Because GSNO provides neuroprotection by ameliorating stroke's initial and causative injuries, it is a candidate of translational value for stroke therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mushfiquddin Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
| | - Tajinder S Dhammu
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
| | - Fumiyo Matsuda
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA. .,School of Health Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Avtar K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. .,Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - Inderjit Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mao KS, Li MS, Zhou J. Update on the roles of liver kinase B1 in pancreatic cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:3086-3093. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i19.3086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Germline mutations of the liver kinase B1 (STK11/LKB1) gene which encodes a serine/threonine kinase is responsible for Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. There are 14 AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-related kinases in pathways downstream of LKB1, which are involved in many physiological and pathological processes such as regulation of energy metabolism, cell polarity and apoptosis in cells. LKB1 gene mutation has been investigated extensively in a variety of cancers, including pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cancer is commonly recognized as a disease with extremely poor prognosis. Therefore, a full understanding of its molecular pathology is critical. This review aims to elucidate the structure, distribution, and function of LKB1, and the relationship with pancreatic cancer. In addition, we also point out that in some scenarios, LKB1 may play a role as a tumor protector.
Collapse
|
43
|
Han SH, Malaga-Dieguez L, Chinga F, Kang HM, Tao J, Reidy K, Susztak K. Deletion of Lkb1 in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells Leads to CKD by Altering Metabolism. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 27:439-53. [PMID: 26054542 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2014121181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal tubule epithelial cells are high-energy demanding polarized epithelial cells. Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) is a key regulator of polarity, proliferation, and cell metabolism in epithelial cells, but the function of LKB1 in the kidney is unclear. Our unbiased gene expression studies of human control and CKD kidney samples identified lower expression of LKB1 and regulatory proteins in CKD. Mice with distal tubule epithelial-specific Lkb1 deletion (Ksp-Cre/Lkb1(flox/flox)) exhibited progressive kidney disease characterized by flattened dedifferentiated tubule epithelial cells, interstitial matrix accumulation, and dilated cystic-appearing tubules. Expression of epithelial polarity markers β-catenin and E-cadherin was not altered even at later stages. However, expression levels of key regulators of metabolism, AMP-activated protein kinase (Ampk), peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-α (Ppargc1a), and Ppara, were significantly lower than those in controls and correlated with fibrosis development. Loss of Lkb1 in cultured epithelial cells resulted in energy depletion, apoptosis, less fatty acid oxidation and glycolysis, and a profibrotic phenotype. Treatment of Lkb1-deficient cells with an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) agonist (A769662) or a peroxisome proliferative activated receptor alpha agonist (fenofibrate) restored the fatty oxidation defect and reduced apoptosis. In conclusion, we show that loss of LKB1 in renal tubular epithelial cells has an important role in kidney disease development by influencing intracellular metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyeok Han
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Laura Malaga-Dieguez
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Frank Chinga
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hyun Mi Kang
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jianling Tao
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Division of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kimberly Reidy
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York; and
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wang F, Yang J, Sun J, Dong Y, Zhao H, Shi H, Fu L. Testosterone replacement attenuates mitochondrial damage in a rat model of myocardial infarction. J Endocrinol 2015; 225:101-11. [PMID: 25770118 DOI: 10.1530/joe-14-0638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Testosterone can affect cardiovascular disease, but its effects on mitochondrial dynamics in the post-infarct myocardium remain unclear. To observe the effects of testosterone replacement, a rat model of castration-myocardial infarction (MI) was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery 2 weeks after castration with or without testosterone treatment. Expression of mitochondrial fission and fusion proteins was detected by western blot and immunofluorescence 14 days after MI. Cardiac function, myocardial inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, mitochondrial microstructure, and ATP levels were also assessed. Compared with MI rats, castrated rats showed aggravated mitochondrial and myocardial insults, including mitochondrial swelling and disordered arrangement; loss of cristae, reduced mitochondrial length; decreased ATP levels; cardiomyocyte apoptosis; and impaired cardiac function. Results of western blotting analyses indicated that castration downregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1A) and mitofusin 2, but upregulated dynamin-related protein 1. The results were also supported by results obtained using immunofluorescence. However, these detrimental effects were reversed by testosterone supplementation, which also elevated the upstream AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation of PGC1A. Thus, testosterone can protect mitochondria in the post-infarct myocardium, partly via the AMPK-PGC1A pathway, thereby decreasing mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The effects of testosterone were confirmed by the results of ELISA analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengyue Wang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Department First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China Laboratory of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Department The Heilongjiang Province Hospital, 82 Zhongshan Lu, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Department First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China Laboratory of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Department The Heilongjiang Province Hospital, 82 Zhongshan Lu, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Junfeng Sun
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Department First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China Laboratory of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Department The Heilongjiang Province Hospital, 82 Zhongshan Lu, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Yanli Dong
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Department First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China Laboratory of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Department The Heilongjiang Province Hospital, 82 Zhongshan Lu, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Department First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China Laboratory of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Department The Heilongjiang Province Hospital, 82 Zhongshan Lu, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Department First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China Laboratory of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Department The Heilongjiang Province Hospital, 82 Zhongshan Lu, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Lu Fu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Department First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China Laboratory of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Department The Heilongjiang Province Hospital, 82 Zhongshan Lu, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Microglia are macrophages that colonize the brain during development to establish a resident population of professional phagocytes that protect against invading pathogens and contribute to brain development and homeostasis. As such, these cells sit at the interface between immunology and neurobiology. In addition to their key roles in brain physiology, microglia offer a great opportunity to address central questions in biology relating to how migrating cells find their positions in the embryo, adopt a behavior that is appropriate for that position, and interact with their local environment. We aim, in this review, to survey key recent advances in microglial research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Maria Casano
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Developmental Biology Unit, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Francesca Peri
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Developmental Biology Unit, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
García-Prieto CF, Gil-Ortega M, Aránguez I, Ortiz-Besoain M, Somoza B, Fernández-Alfonso MS. Vascular AMPK as an attractive target in the treatment of vascular complications of obesity. Vascul Pharmacol 2015; 67-69:10-20. [PMID: 25869500 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The key for the survival of all organisms is the regulation and control of energy metabolism. Thus, several strategies have evolved in each tissue in order to balance nutrient supply with energy demand. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is now recognized as a key participant in energy metabolism. It ensures an appropriate energetic supply by promoting energy conserving pathways in detriment of anabolic processes not essential for cell survival. Vascular AMPK plays a critical role in the regulation of blood flow and vascular tone through several mechanisms, including vasodilation by stimulating nitric oxide release in endothelial cells. Since obesity leads to endothelial damage and AMPK dysregulation, AMPK activation might be an important strategy to restore vascular function in cardiometabolic alterations. In the present review we focus on the role of vascular AMPK in both endothelial and smooth muscle cells, paying special attention to its dysregulation in obesity- and high-fat diet-related complications, as well as to the mechanisms and benefits of vascular AMPK activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C F García-Prieto
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, 28668 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Gil-Ortega
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, 28668 Madrid, Spain
| | - I Aránguez
- Instituto Pluridisciplinar and Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Ortiz-Besoain
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias, Edificio N3, Universidad Católica del Norte de Chile, Angamos, 0610 Antofagasta, Chile
| | - B Somoza
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, 28668 Madrid, Spain
| | - M S Fernández-Alfonso
- Instituto Pluridisciplinar and Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:4600-14. [PMID: 25739077 PMCID: PMC4394437 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16034600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized by disturbed extravillous trophoblast migration toward uterine spiral arteries leading to increased uteroplacental vascular resistance and by vascular dysfunction resulting in reduced systemic vasodilatory properties. Its pathogenesis is mediated by an altered bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) and tissue damage caused by increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, superoxide (O2−) rapidly inactivates NO and forms peroxynitrite (ONOO−). It is known that ONOO− accumulates in the placental tissues and injures the placental function in PE. In addition, ROS could stimulate platelet adhesion and aggregation leading to intravascular coagulopathy. ROS-induced coagulopathy causes placental infarction and impairs the uteroplacental blood flow in PE. The disorders could lead to the reduction of oxygen and nutrients required for normal fetal development resulting in fetal growth restriction. On the other hand, several antioxidants scavenge ROS and protect tissues against oxidative damage. Placental antioxidants including catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) protect the vasculature from ROS and maintain the vascular function. However, placental ischemia in PE decreases the antioxidant activity resulting in further elevated oxidative stress, which leads to the appearance of the pathological conditions of PE including hypertension and proteinuria. Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between ROS and antioxidant activity. This review provides new insights about roles of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of PE.
Collapse
|
48
|
Yang Y, Zhao Z, Liu Y, Kang X, Zhang H, Meng M. Suppression of oxidative stress and improvement of liver functions in mice by ursolic acid via LKB1-AMP-activated protein kinase signaling. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 30:609-18. [PMID: 25168399 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Hepatic cirrhosis is the final stage of liver dysfunction, characterized by diffuse fibrosis, which is the main response to the liver injury. This study is to investigate the effects of ursolic acid (UA) on liver functions and fibrosis in bile duct ligation (BDL) mice and to determine the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Cultured hepatocytes were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the presence or absence of UA. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, protein levels of IκBα, iNOS and Cox-2, and NF-κB activation were detected, respectively. C57/BL6 and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)α2(-/-) mice were subjected to BDL for 14 days. UA was administered by gavage. The markers of liver function and oxidative stress, and liver histopathology were analyzed after treatment. RESULTS Treatment of hepatocytes with UA dose-dependently activates AMPK, which is abolished by silence of liver kinase B1 (LKB1). LPS significantly increased ROS productions, apoptosis, NF-κB activation, and expressions of iNOS and Cox-2 in cultured hepatocytes. All these effects were blocked by co-incubation with UA. Importantly, silence of LKB1, AMPK, or iNOS/Cox-2 by small interference RNA transfection reversed UA-induced effects in cultured cells. In an animal study, 14-day BDL induced liver fibrosis and liver injury, accompanied with increased oxidative stress and protein expressions of iNOS and Cox-2 in liver. Treatment of UA significantly attenuated the BDL-induced detrimental effects in wild-type mice but not in AMPKα2(-/-) mice. CONCLUSION UA via LKB1-AMPK signaling offers protective effects on BDL-induced liver injury in mice, which may be related to inhibition of oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongbin Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China; Health Science Center, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Park YS, Hwang S, Jin YM, Yu Y, Jung SA, Jung SC, Ryu KH, Kim HS, Jo I. CCN1 secreted by tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells promotes endothelial cell angiogenesis via integrin αv β3 and AMPK. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:140-9. [PMID: 24909560 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
CCN1 is highly expressed in cancer cells and has been identified in the secretome of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC). Although secreted CCN1 is known to promote angiogenesis, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we examined whether our recently-established tonsil-derived MSC (T-MSC) secrete CCN1 and, if any, how CCN1 promotes the angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Compared with untreated control T-MSC, a higher level of CCN1 was secreted by T-MSC treated with activin A and sonic hedgehog, drugs known to induce endodermal differentiation. Expectedly, conditioned medium collected from differentiated T-MSC (DCM) significantly increased HUVEC migration and tube formation compared with that from control T-MSC (CCM), and these stimulatory effects were reversed by neutralization with anti-CCN1 antibody. Treatment with recombinant human CCN1 (rh-CCN1) alone also mimicked the stimulatory effects of DCM. Furthermore, treatment with either DCM or rh-CCN1 increased the phosphorylation of AMP kinase (AMPK), and ectopic expression of siRNA of the AMPK gene inhibited all observed effects of both DCM and rh-CCN1. However, no alteration of intracellular ATP levels or phosphorylation of LKB1, a well-known upstream factor of AMPK activation, was observed under our conditions. Finally, the neutralization of integrin α(v) β(3) with anti-integrin α(v) β(3) antibody almost completely reversed the effects of CCN1 on AMPK phosphorylation, and EC migration and tube formation. Taken together, we demonstrated that T-MSC increase the secretion of CCN1 in response to endodermal differentiation and that integrin α(v) β(3) and AMPK mediate CCN1-induced EC migration and tube formation independent of intracellular ATP levels alteration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Shin Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, and Global Top 5 Research Program, Ewha Womans University, Mok-6-dong, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 158-710, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Recent progress on liver kinase B1 (LKB1): expression, regulation, downstream signaling and cancer suppressive function. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:16698-718. [PMID: 25244018 PMCID: PMC4200829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150916698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver kinase B1 (LKB1), known as a serine/threonine kinase, has been identified as a critical cancer suppressor in many cancer cells. It is a master upstream kinase of 13 AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-related protein kinases, and possesses versatile biological functions. LKB1 gene is mutated in many cancers, and its protein can form different protein complexes with different cellular localizations in various cell types. The expression of LKB1 can be regulated through epigenetic modification, transcriptional regulation and post-translational modification. LKB1 dowcnstream pathways mainly include AMPK, microtubule affinity regulating kinase (MARK), salt-inducible kinase (SIK), sucrose non-fermenting protein-related kinase (SNRK) and brain selective kinase (BRSK) signalings, etc. This review, therefore, mainly discusses recent studies about the expression, regulation, downstream signaling and cancer suppressive function of LKB1, which can be helpful for better understanding of this molecular and its significance in cancers.
Collapse
|