1
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Zhi S, Chen C, Huang H, Zhang Z, Zeng F, Zhang S. Hypoxia-inducible factor in breast cancer: role and target for breast cancer treatment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1370800. [PMID: 38799423 PMCID: PMC11116789 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1370800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, breast cancer stands as the most prevalent form of cancer among women. The tumor microenvironment of breast cancer often exhibits hypoxia. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha, a transcription factor, is found to be overexpressed and activated in breast cancer, playing a pivotal role in the anoxic microenvironment by mediating a series of reactions. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha is involved in regulating downstream pathways and target genes, which are crucial in hypoxic conditions, including glycolysis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. These processes significantly contribute to breast cancer progression by managing cancer-related activities linked to tumor invasion, metastasis, immune evasion, and drug resistance, resulting in poor prognosis for patients. Consequently, there is a significant interest in Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha as a potential target for cancer therapy. Presently, research on drugs targeting Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha is predominantly in the preclinical phase, highlighting the need for an in-depth understanding of HIF-1α and its regulatory pathway. It is anticipated that the future will see the introduction of effective HIF-1α inhibitors into clinical trials, offering new hope for breast cancer patients. Therefore, this review focuses on the structure and function of HIF-1α, its role in advancing breast cancer, and strategies to combat HIF-1α-dependent drug resistance, underlining its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fancai Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Shujun Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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2
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Egorova KS, Kibardin AV, Posvyatenko AV, Ananikov VP. Mechanisms of Biological Effects of Ionic Liquids: From Single Cells to Multicellular Organisms. Chem Rev 2024; 124:4679-4733. [PMID: 38621413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The review presents a detailed discussion of the evolving field studying interactions between ionic liquids (ILs) and biological systems. Originating from molten salt electrolytes to present multiapplication substances, ILs have found usage across various fields due to their exceptional physicochemical properties, including excellent tunability. However, their interactions with biological systems and potential influence on living organisms remain largely unexplored. This review examines the cytotoxic effects of ILs on cell cultures, biomolecules, and vertebrate and invertebrate organisms. Our understanding of IL toxicity, while growing in recent years, is yet nascent. The established findings include correlations between harmful effects of ILs and their ability to disturb cellular membranes, their potential to trigger oxidative stress in cells, and their ability to cause cell death via apoptosis. Future research directions proposed in the review include studying the distribution of various ILs within cellular compartments and organelles, investigating metabolic transformations of ILs in cells and organisms, detailed analysis of IL effects on proteins involved in oxidative stress and apoptosis, correlation studies between IL doses, exposure times and resulting adverse effects, and examination of effects of subtoxic concentrations of ILs on various biological objects. This review aims to serve as a critical analysis of the current body of knowledge on IL-related toxicity mechanisms. Furthermore, it can guide researchers toward the design of less toxic ILs and the informed use of ILs in drug development and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia S Egorova
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexey V Kibardin
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Alexandra V Posvyatenko
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
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3
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Bae T, Hallis SP, Kwak MK. Hypoxia, oxidative stress, and the interplay of HIFs and NRF2 signaling in cancer. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:501-514. [PMID: 38424190 PMCID: PMC10985007 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxygen is crucial for life and acts as the final electron acceptor in mitochondrial energy production. Cells adapt to varying oxygen levels through intricate response systems. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), including HIF-1α and HIF-2α, orchestrate the cellular hypoxic response, activating genes to increase the oxygen supply and reduce expenditure. Under conditions of excess oxygen and resulting oxidative stress, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) activates hundreds of genes for oxidant removal and adaptive cell survival. Hypoxia and oxidative stress are core hallmarks of solid tumors and activated HIFs and NRF2 play pivotal roles in tumor growth and progression. The complex interplay between hypoxia and oxidative stress within the tumor microenvironment adds another layer of intricacy to the HIF and NRF2 signaling systems. This review aimed to elucidate the dynamic changes and functions of the HIF and NRF2 signaling pathways in response to conditions of hypoxia and oxidative stress, emphasizing their implications within the tumor milieu. Additionally, this review explored the elaborate interplay between HIFs and NRF2, providing insights into the significance of these interactions for the development of novel cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taegeun Bae
- Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi‑do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Steffanus Pranoto Hallis
- Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi‑do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kwak
- Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi‑do, 14662, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi‑do, 14662, Republic of Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi‑do, 14662, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Vatte S, Ugale R. HIF-1, an important regulator in potential new therapeutic approaches to ischemic stroke. Neurochem Int 2023; 170:105605. [PMID: 37657765 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide due to the narrow therapeutic window of the only approved therapies like intravenous thrombolysis and thrombectomy. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a sensitive regulator of oxygen homeostasis, and its expression is rapidly induced after hypoxia/ischemia. It plays an extensive role in the pathophysiology of stroke by regulating multiple pathways including glucose metabolism, angiogenesis, neuronal survival, neuroinflammation and blood brain barrier regulation. Here, we give a brief overview of the HIF-1α-targeting strategies currently under investigation and summarise recent research on how HIF-1α is regulated in various brain cells, including neurons and microglia, at various stages in ischemic stroke. The roles of HIF-1 in stroke varies with ischemic time and degree of ischemia, are still up for debate. More focus has been placed on prospective HIF-1α targeting drugs, such as HIF-1α activator, HIF-1α stabilizers, and natural compounds. In this review, we have highlighted the regulation of HIF-1α in the novel therapeutic approaches for treatment of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Vatte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440033, India.
| | - Rajesh Ugale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440033, India.
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5
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Guo F, Zhang Y, Bai L, Cui J. Natural killer cell therapy targeting cancer stem cells: Old wine in a new bottle. Cancer Lett 2023; 570:216328. [PMID: 37499742 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
A small proportion of cancer cells that have stem cell-like properties are known as cancer stem cells (CSCs). They can be used to identify malignant tumor phenotypes and patients with poor prognosis. Targeting these cells has been shown to improve the effectiveness of cancer therapies. Owing to the nature of CSCs, they are resistant to conventional treatment methods such as radio- and chemotherapy. Therefore, more effective anti-CSC therapies are required. Immunotherapy, including natural killer (NK) and T cell therapy, has demonstrated the ability to eliminate CSCs. NK cells have demonstrated superior anti-CSC capabilities compared to T cells in recognizing low levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I expression. However, CSC escape also occurs during NK cell therapy. It is important to determine CSC-specific immune evasion mechanisms and find out potential solutions to optimize NK cell function. Therefore, this review discusses promising strategies that can improve the efficiency of NK cell therapy in treating CSCs, and aims to provide a reference for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Guo
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ling Bai
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China.
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6
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Jung M, Bui I, Bonavida B. Role of YY1 in the Regulation of Anti-Apoptotic Gene Products in Drug-Resistant Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4267. [PMID: 37686541 PMCID: PMC10486809 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death among the various diseases encountered in humans. Cancer is not a single entity and consists of numerous different types and subtypes that require various treatment regimens. In the last decade, several milestones in cancer treatments were accomplished, such as specific targeting agents or revitalizing the dormant anti-tumor immune response. These milestones have resulted in significant positive clinical responses as well as tumor regression and the prolongation of survival in subsets of cancer patients. Hence, in non-responding patients and non-responding relapsed patients, cancers develop intrinsic mechanisms of resistance to cell death via the overexpression of anti-apoptotic gene products. In parallel, the majority of resistant cancers have been reported to overexpress a transcription factor, Yin Yang 1 (YY1), which regulates the chemo-immuno-resistance of cancer cells to therapeutic anticancer cytotoxic agents. The relationship between the overexpression of YY1 and several anti-apoptotic gene products, such as B-cell lymphoma 2 protein (Bcl-2), B-cell lymphoma extra-large (Bcl-xL), myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1) and survivin, is investigated in this paper. The findings demonstrate that these anti-apoptotic gene products are regulated, in part, by YY1 at the transcriptional, epigenetic, post-transcriptional and translational levels. While targeting each of the anti-apoptotic gene products individually has been examined and clinically tested for some, this targeting strategy is not effective due to compensation by other overexpressed anti-apoptotic gene products. In contrast, targeting YY1 directly, through small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), gene editing or small molecule inhibitors, can be therapeutically more effective and generalized in YY1-overexpressed resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Benjamin Bonavida
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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7
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Su Z, Zhang M, Luo H, Zhong J, Tan J, Xu Y, Pan X, Zeng H, Nie L, Xu M, Chen N, Chen X, Zhou Q. circEZH2 E2 /E3 is a dual suppressor of miR363/miR708 to promote EZH2 expression and prostate cancer progression. Cancer Sci 2022; 114:1378-1395. [PMID: 36519785 PMCID: PMC10067432 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is overexpressed in a variety of malignancies including prostate cancer (PCa) and may play important roles in tumor progression. Gene copy number gains, enhanced transcription, and a few circRNAs have been reported to upregulate EZH2. It was not known whether EZH2 itself generates circRNAs that promote its own expression. We here report the identification of circEZH2E2/E3 that is derived from exons 2 and 3 of the EZH2 gene and overexpressed in PCa. We show that circEZH2E2/E3 functions as a dual inhibitor for both miR363 and miR708 that target the EZH2 3'UTR and CDS, respectively, resulting in the upregulation of EZH2 expression and hence the downregulation of EZH2-repressed genes (e.g., CDH1 and DAB2IP), and enhancement of PCa cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and xenograft PCa growth. Overexpression of circEZH2E2/E3 is significantly correlated with higher tumor grade, tumor progression, and unfavorable progression-free and disease-specific survival in PCa patients. These findings show a novel autoenhancing EZH2-circEZH2E2/E3 -miR363/miR708-EZH2 regulatory loop, by which circEZH2E2/E3 plays important roles in PCa tumorigenesis and progression by upregulating EZH2, and may have potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic uses in PCa management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzheng Su
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengni Zhang
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Luo
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinjing Zhong
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junya Tan
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunyi Xu
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiuyi Pan
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Nie
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ni Chen
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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8
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Regulatory Role of the RUNX2 Transcription Factor in Lung Cancer Apoptosis. Int J Cell Biol 2022; 2022:5198203. [PMID: 36510562 PMCID: PMC9741537 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5198203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death globally. Numerous factors intervene in the onset and progression of lung tumors, among which the participation of lineage-specific transcription factors stands out. Several transcription factors important in embryonic development are abnormally expressed in adult tissues and thus participate in the activation of signaling pathways related to the acquisition of the tumor phenotype. RUNX2 is the transcription factor responsible for osteogenic differentiation in mammals. Current studies have confirmed that RUNX2 is closely related to the proliferation, invasion, and bone metastasis of multiple cancer types, such as osteosarcoma, breast cancer (BC), prostate cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and lung cancer. Thus, the present study is aimed at evaluating the role of the RUNX2 transcription factor in inhibiting the apoptosis process. Loss-of-function assays using sh-RNA from lentiviral particles and coupled with Annexin/propidium iodide (PI) assays (flow cytometry), immunofluorescence, and quantitative PCR analysis of genes related to cell apoptosis (BAD, BAX, BCL2, BCL-XL, and MCL1) were performed. Silencing assays and Annexin/PI assays demonstrated that when RUNX2 was absent, the percentage of dead cells increased, and the expression levels of the BCL2, BCL-XL, and MCL1 genes were downregulated. Furthermore, to confirm whether the regulatory role of RUNX2 in the expression of these genes is related to its binding to the promoter region, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. Here, we report that overexpression of the RUNX2 gene in lung cancer may be related to the inhibition of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway, specifically, through direct transcriptional regulation of the antiapoptotic gene BCL2 and indirect regulation of BCL-XL and MCL1.
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9
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Park HA, Brown SR, Jansen J, Dunn T, Scott M, Mnatsakanyan N, Jonas EA, Kim Y. Fluid shear stress enhances proliferation of breast cancer cells via downregulation of the c-subunit of the F 1F O ATP synthase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 632:173-180. [PMID: 36209586 PMCID: PMC10024463 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.09.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The presence of circulating cancer cells in the bloodstream is positively correlated with metastasis. We hypothesize that fluid shear stress (FSS) occurring during circulation alters mitochondrial function, enhancing metastatic behaviors of cancer cells. MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells subjected to FSS exponentially increased proliferation. Notably, FSS-treated cells consumed more oxygen but were resistant to uncoupler-mediated ATP loss. We found that exposure to FSS downregulated the F1FO ATP synthase c-subunit and overexpression of the c-subunit arrested cancer cell migration. Approaches that regulate c-subunit abundance may reduce the likelihood of breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-A Park
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, College of Human Environmental Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA.
| | - Spenser R Brown
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Joseph Jansen
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, College of Human Environmental Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Tracie Dunn
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, College of Human Environmental Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Madison Scott
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, College of Human Environmental Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Nelli Mnatsakanyan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Jonas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Yonghyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
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10
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Mucci S, Isaja L, Rodríguez-Varela MS, Ferriol-Laffouillere SL, Marazita M, Videla-Richardson GA, Sevlever GE, Scassa ME, Romorini L. Acute severe hypoxia induces apoptosis of human pluripotent stem cells by a HIF-1α and P53 independent mechanism. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18803. [PMID: 36335243 PMCID: PMC9637190 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23650-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are self-renewing pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) that can differentiate into a wide range of specialized cells. Although moderate hypoxia (5% O2) improves hPSC self-renewal, pluripotency, and cell survival, the effect of acute severe hypoxia (1% O2) on hPSC viability is still not fully elucidated. In this sense, we explore the consequences of acute hypoxia on hPSC survival by culturing them under acute (maximum of 24 h) physical severe hypoxia (1% O2). After 24 h of hypoxia, we observed HIF-1α stabilization concomitant with a decrease in cell viability. We also observed an increase in the apoptotic rate (western blot analysis revealed activation of CASPASE-9, CASPASE-3, and PARP cleavage after hypoxia induction). Besides, siRNA-mediated downregulation of HIF-1α and P53 did not significantly alter hPSC apoptosis induced by hypoxia. Finally, the analysis of BCL-2 family protein expression levels disclosed a shift in the balance between pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins (evidenced by an increase in BAX/MCL-1 ratio) caused by hypoxia. We demonstrated that acute physical hypoxia reduced hPSC survival and triggered apoptosis by a HIF-1α and P53 independent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Mucci
- grid.418954.50000 0004 0620 9892Laboratorios de Investigación Aplicada en Neurociencias (LIAN-CONICET), Fundación Para La Lucha Contra Las Enfermedades Neurológicas de La Infancia (Fleni), Ruta 9, Km 52.5, B1625XAF Belén de Escobar, Provincia de Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Luciana Isaja
- grid.418954.50000 0004 0620 9892Laboratorios de Investigación Aplicada en Neurociencias (LIAN-CONICET), Fundación Para La Lucha Contra Las Enfermedades Neurológicas de La Infancia (Fleni), Ruta 9, Km 52.5, B1625XAF Belén de Escobar, Provincia de Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - María Soledad Rodríguez-Varela
- grid.418954.50000 0004 0620 9892Laboratorios de Investigación Aplicada en Neurociencias (LIAN-CONICET), Fundación Para La Lucha Contra Las Enfermedades Neurológicas de La Infancia (Fleni), Ruta 9, Km 52.5, B1625XAF Belén de Escobar, Provincia de Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Sofía Luján Ferriol-Laffouillere
- grid.418954.50000 0004 0620 9892Laboratorios de Investigación Aplicada en Neurociencias (LIAN-CONICET), Fundación Para La Lucha Contra Las Enfermedades Neurológicas de La Infancia (Fleni), Ruta 9, Km 52.5, B1625XAF Belén de Escobar, Provincia de Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Mariela Marazita
- grid.418954.50000 0004 0620 9892Laboratorios de Investigación Aplicada en Neurociencias (LIAN-CONICET), Fundación Para La Lucha Contra Las Enfermedades Neurológicas de La Infancia (Fleni), Ruta 9, Km 52.5, B1625XAF Belén de Escobar, Provincia de Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Guillermo Agustín Videla-Richardson
- grid.418954.50000 0004 0620 9892Laboratorios de Investigación Aplicada en Neurociencias (LIAN-CONICET), Fundación Para La Lucha Contra Las Enfermedades Neurológicas de La Infancia (Fleni), Ruta 9, Km 52.5, B1625XAF Belén de Escobar, Provincia de Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Gustavo Emilio Sevlever
- grid.418954.50000 0004 0620 9892Laboratorios de Investigación Aplicada en Neurociencias (LIAN-CONICET), Fundación Para La Lucha Contra Las Enfermedades Neurológicas de La Infancia (Fleni), Ruta 9, Km 52.5, B1625XAF Belén de Escobar, Provincia de Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - María Elida Scassa
- grid.418954.50000 0004 0620 9892Laboratorios de Investigación Aplicada en Neurociencias (LIAN-CONICET), Fundación Para La Lucha Contra Las Enfermedades Neurológicas de La Infancia (Fleni), Ruta 9, Km 52.5, B1625XAF Belén de Escobar, Provincia de Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Leonardo Romorini
- grid.418954.50000 0004 0620 9892Laboratorios de Investigación Aplicada en Neurociencias (LIAN-CONICET), Fundación Para La Lucha Contra Las Enfermedades Neurológicas de La Infancia (Fleni), Ruta 9, Km 52.5, B1625XAF Belén de Escobar, Provincia de Buenos Aires Argentina
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11
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Yong L, Tang S, Yu H, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Wan Y, Cai F. The role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha in multidrug-resistant breast cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:964934. [PMID: 36003773 PMCID: PMC9393754 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.964934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide with increasing incidence. Significant therapeutics advances in the field of breast cancer have resulted in a growing number of treatment options, whereas de novo or acquired resistance is still a persistent clinical challenge. Drug resistance involves a variety of mechanisms, and hypoxia is one of the many causes. Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1 Alpha (HIF-1α) is a key transcription factor which can regulate the response of cells to hypoxia. HIF-1α can trigger anaerobic glycolysis of tumor cells, induce angiogenesis, promote the proliferation, invasion, and migration of tumor cells, and lead to multidrug resistance. This review mainly discusses the role of HIF-1α in the drug-resistant breast cancer and highlighted the potential of HIF-1α -targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Yong
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shasha Tang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haixin Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyi Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Wan
- The Pq Laboratory of BiomeDx/Rx, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University—SUNY, Binghamton, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Fengfeng Cai, ; Yuan Wan,
| | - Fengfeng Cai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Fengfeng Cai, ; Yuan Wan,
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12
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Agnoletto C, Volinia S. Mitochondria dysfunction in circulating tumor cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:947479. [PMID: 35992829 PMCID: PMC9386562 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.947479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent a subset of heterogeneous cells, which, once released from a tumor site, have the potential to give rise to metastasis in secondary sites. Recent research focused on the attempt to detect and characterize these rare cells in the circulation, and advancements in defining their molecular profile have been reported in diverse tumor species, with potential implications for clinical applications. Of note, metabolic alterations, involving mitochondria, have been implicated in the metastatic process, as key determinants in the transition of tumor cells to a mesenchymal or stemness-like phenotype, in drug resistance, and in induction of apoptosis. This review aimed to briefly analyse the most recent knowledge relative to mitochondria dysfunction in CTCs, and to envision implications of altered mitochondria in CTCs for a potential utility in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Agnoletto
- Rete Oncologica Veneta (ROV), Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefano Volinia
- Laboratorio per le Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA), Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre (CNBCh UW), University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Center of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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13
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Liu C, He D, Li L, Zhang S, Wang L, Fan Z, Wang Y. Extracellular vesicles in pancreatic cancer immune escape: Emerging roles and mechanisms. Pharmacol Res 2022; 183:106364. [PMID: 35901939 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the most lethal malignancy worldwide due to its delayed diagnosis and limited treatment options. Despite great progress in clinical trials of immunotherapies for various cancers, their effectiveness in PC is very low, indicating that immune evasion is still a major obstacle to immunotherapy in PC. However, the mechanism of immune escape in PC is not fully understood, which substantially restricts the development of immunotherapy. As an important component of intercellular communication networks, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted increasing attention in relation to immune escape. This review aims to provide a better understanding of the roles of EVs in tumor immune escape and the potential to expand their application in cancer immunotherapy. The relationship between PC and the tumor immune microenvironment is briefly introduced. Then, the mechanism by which EVs are involved in immune regulation is summarized, and the latest progress in determining the role of EVs in regulating PC immune escape is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
| | - Dongyue He
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shihui Zhang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijin Fan
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yichao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Tai Zhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), No.999 Donghai Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China.
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14
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Li X, Wang J, Lin W, Yuan Q, Lu Y, Wang H, Chen Y, Chen L, Dai P, Long H, Li X. circEXOC6B interacting with RRAGB, an mTORC1 activator, inhibits the progression of colorectal cancer by antagonizing the HIF1A-RRAGB-mTORC1 positive feedback loop. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:135. [PMID: 35739524 PMCID: PMC9219196 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01600-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, an increasing number of studies have indicated that circular RNA plays crucial roles in regulating tumor development and chemoresistance. Using two high-throughput RNA sequence datasets, we previously found that circEXOC6B was downregulated in colon cancer. However, its role and mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC) remained unknown. Methods Real-time quantitative PCR was used to examine the expression of circEXOC6B in CRC tissues. In vivo and in vitro functional experiments were performed to determine the suppressor role of circEXOC6B in CRC progression. RNA pull-down, mass spectrometry, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation, co-immunoprecipitation, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and immunofluorescence were applied to investigate the possible mechanisms connecting circEXOC6B to CRC growth and 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis. Chromatin immunoprecipitation, dual-luciferase assay, western blot, and immunohistochemistry were used to explore the mechanisms underlying the HIF1A regulation of RRAGB transcription. Results circEXOC6B was downregulated in CRC tissues, and its lower expression was associated with poor prognosis of patients. Functional experiments showed that circEXOC6B inhibited growth and increased the 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circEXOC6B inhibited the heterodimer formation of RRAGB by binding to it, thereby suppressing the mTORC1 pathway and HIF1A level. In addition, HIF1A upregulated the transcription of RRAGB by binding to its promoter region. Altogether, the results demonstrated that a HIF1A-RRAGB-mTORC1 positive feedback loop drives tumor progression in CRC, which could be interrupted by circEXOC6B. Conclusions circEXOC6B inhibits the progression of CRC and enhances the chemosensitivity of CRC cells to 5-fluorouracil by antagonizing the HIF1A-RRAGB-mTORC1 positive feedback loop. circEXOC6B is a possible therapeutic target for CRC treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-022-01600-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui Province, China
| | - Weihao Lin
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qinzi Yuan
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanxia Lu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haowei Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yujia Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Peiling Dai
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huaicheng Long
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xuenong Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China. .,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.
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15
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Kurt AH, Ayaz L, Ayaz F, Seferoglu Z, Nural Y. A review on the design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of benzothiazole derivatives against hypoxic tumors. Curr Org Synth 2022; 19:772-796. [PMID: 35352663 DOI: 10.2174/1570179419666220330001036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There has been a growing body of studies on benzothiazoles and benzothiazole derivatives as strong and effective antitumor agents against lung, liver, pancreas, breast, and brain tumors. Due to highly proliferative nature of the tumor cells, the oxygen levels get lower than that of a normal tissue in the tumor microenvironment. This situation is called as hypoxia and has been associated with increased ability for carcinogenesis. For the drug design and development strategies, hypoxic nature of the tumor tissues has been exploited more aggressively. Hypoxia itself acts as a signal initiating system to activate the pathways that eventually lead to the spread of the tumor cells into the different tissues, increases the rate of DNA damage and eventually ends up with more mutation levels that may increase the drug resistance. As one of the major mediators of hypoxic response, hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) has been shown to activate to angiogenesis, metastasis, apoptosis resistance, and many other protumorigenic responses in cancer development. In the current review, we will be discussing the design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of benzothiazole derivatives against hypoxic tumors such lung, liver, pancreas, breast and brain as potential anticancer drug candidates. The focus points of the study will be the biology behind carcinogenesis and how hypoxia contributes to the process, recent studies on benzothiazole and its derivatives as anti-cancer agents against hypoxic cancers, conclusions and future perspectives. We believe that this review will be useful for the researchers in the field of drug design during their studies to generate novel benzothiazole-containing hybrids against hypoxic tumors with higher efficacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akif Hakan Kurt
- Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, 14030, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Lokman Ayaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Furkan Ayaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Mersin University, 33343, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Zeynel Seferoglu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, TR-06500, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yahya Nural
- Advanced Technology, Research and Application Center, Mersin University, 33343 Mersin, Turkey
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16
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factors and Burn-Associated Acute Kidney Injury-A New Paradigm? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052470. [PMID: 35269613 PMCID: PMC8910144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
O2 deprivation induces stress in living cells linked to free-radical accumulation and oxidative stress (OS) development. Hypoxia is established when the overall oxygen pressure is less than 40 mmHg in cells or tissues. However, tissues and cells have different degrees of hypoxia. Hypoxia or low O2 tension may be present in both physiological (during embryonic development) and pathological circumstances (ischemia, wound healing, and cancer). Meanwhile, the kidneys are major energy-consuming organs, being second only to the heart, with an increased mitochondrial content and O2 consumption. Furthermore, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are the key players that orchestrate the mammalian response to hypoxia. HIFs adapt cells to low oxygen concentrations by regulating transcriptional programs involved in erythropoiesis, angiogenesis, and metabolism. On the other hand, one of the life-threatening complications of severe burns is acute kidney injury (AKI). The dreaded functional consequence of AKI is an acute decline in renal function. Taking all these aspects into consideration, the aim of this review is to describe the role and underline the importance of HIFs in the development of AKI in patients with severe burns, because kidney hypoxia is constant in the presence of severe burns, and HIFs are major players in the adaptative response of all tissues to hypoxia.
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17
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Roles and Regulation of BCL-xL in Hematological Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042193. [PMID: 35216310 PMCID: PMC8876520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the Bcl-2 family are proteins that play an essential role in the regulation of apoptosis, a crucial process in development and normal physiology in multicellular organisms. The essential mechanism of this family of proteins is given by the role of pro-survival proteins, which inhibit apoptosis by their direct binding with their counterpart, the effector proteins of apoptosis. This family of proteins was named after the typical member Bcl-2, which was named for its discovery and abnormal expression in B-cell lymphomas. Subsequently, the structure of one of its members BCL-xL was described, which allowed one to understand much of the molecular mechanism of this family. Due to its role of BCL-xL in the regulation of cell survival and proliferation, it has been of great interest in its study. Due to this, it is important to research its role regarding the development and progression of human malignancies, especially in hematologic malignancies. Due to its variation in expression in cancer, it has been suggested that BCL-xL can or cannot play a role in cancer depending on the cellular or tissue context. This review discusses recent advances in its transcriptional regulation of BCL-xL, as well as the advances regarding the activities of BCL-xL in hematological malignancies, its possible role as a biomarker, and its possible clinical relevance in these malignancies.
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18
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A novel promoter-associated non-coding small RNA paGLI1 recruits FUS/P65 to transactivate GLI1 gene expression and promotes infiltrating glioma progression. Cancer Lett 2022; 530:68-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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19
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BH3 Mimetics in Hematologic Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810157. [PMID: 34576319 PMCID: PMC8466478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies (HM) comprise diverse cancers of lymphoid and myeloid origin, including lymphomas (approx. 40%), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL, approx. 15%), multiple myeloma (MM, approx. 15%), acute myeloid leukemia (AML, approx. 10%), and many other diseases. Despite considerable improvement in treatment options and survival parameters in the new millennium, many patients with HM still develop chemotherapy-refractory diseases and require re-treatment. Because frontline therapies for the majority of HM (except for CLL) are still largely based on classical cytostatics, the relapses are often associated with defects in DNA damage response (DDR) pathways and anti-apoptotic blocks exemplified, respectively, by mutations or deletion of the TP53 tumor suppressor, and overexpression of anti-apoptotic proteins of the B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) family. BCL2 homology 3 (BH3) mimetics represent a novel class of pro-apoptotic anti-cancer agents with a unique mode of action—direct targeting of mitochondria independently of TP53 gene aberrations. Consequently, BH3 mimetics can effectively eliminate even non-dividing malignant cells with adverse molecular cytogenetic alterations. Venetoclax, the nanomolar inhibitor of BCL2 anti-apoptotic protein has been approved for the therapy of CLL and AML. Numerous venetoclax-based combinatorial treatment regimens, next-generation BCL2 inhibitors, and myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1) protein inhibitors, which are another class of BH3 mimetics with promising preclinical results, are currently being tested in several clinical trials in patients with diverse HM. These pivotal trials will soon answer critical questions and concerns about these innovative agents regarding not only their anti-tumor efficacy but also potential side effects, recommended dosages, and the optimal length of therapy as well as identification of reliable biomarkers of sensitivity or resistance. Effective harnessing of the full therapeutic potential of BH3 mimetics is a critical mission as it may directly translate into better management of the aggressive forms of HM and could lead to significantly improved survival parameters and quality of life in patients with urgent medical needs.
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20
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Mitroshina EV, Savyuk MO, Ponimaskin E, Vedunova MV. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF) in Ischemic Stroke and Neurodegenerative Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:703084. [PMID: 34395432 PMCID: PMC8355741 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.703084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is one of the most common pathological conditions, which can be induced by multiple events, including ischemic injury, trauma, inflammation, tumors, etc. The body's adaptation to hypoxia is a highly important phenomenon in both health and disease. Most cellular responses to hypoxia are associated with a family of transcription factors called hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which induce the expression of a wide range of genes that help cells adapt to a hypoxic environment. Basic mechanisms of adaptation to hypoxia, and particularly HIF functions, have being extensively studied over recent decades, leading to the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Based on their pivotal physiological importance, HIFs are attracting increasing attention as a new potential target for treating a large number of hypoxia-associated diseases. Most of the experimental work related to HIFs has focused on roles in the liver and kidney. However, increasing evidence clearly demonstrates that HIF-based responses represent an universal adaptation mechanism in all tissue types, including the central nervous system (CNS). In the CNS, HIFs are critically involved in the regulation of neurogenesis, nerve cell differentiation, and neuronal apoptosis. In this mini-review, we provide an overview of the complex role of HIF-1 in the adaptation of neurons and glia cells to hypoxia, with a focus on its potential involvement into various neuronal pathologies and on its possible role as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Mitroshina
- Department of Neurotechnologe, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Maria O. Savyuk
- Department of Neurotechnologe, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Evgeni Ponimaskin
- Department of Neurotechnologe, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Maria V. Vedunova
- Department of Neurotechnologe, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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21
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Studies of the Anti-Diabetic Mechanism of Pueraria lobata Based on Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9071245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), as a chronic disease caused by insulin deficiency or using obstacles, is gradually becoming a principal worldwide health problem. Pueraria lobata is one of the traditional Chinese medicinal and edible plants, playing roles in improving the cardiovascular system, lowering blood sugar, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and so on. Studies on the hypoglycemic effects of Pueraria lobata were also frequently reported. To determine the active ingredients and related targets of Pueraria lobata for DM, 256 metabolites were identified by LC/MS non targeted metabonomics, and 19 active ingredients interacting with 51 DM-related targets were screened. The results showed that puerarin, quercetin, genistein, daidzein, and other active ingredients in Pueraria lobata could participate in the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, insulin resistance, HIF-1 signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway by acting on VEGFA, INS, INSR, IL-6, TNF and AKT1, and may regulate type 2 diabetes, inflammation, atherosis and diabetes complications, such as diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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22
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Ritter V, Krautter F, Klein D, Jendrossek V, Rudner J. Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibitor ABT-263 overcomes hypoxia-driven radioresistence and improves radiotherapy. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:694. [PMID: 34257274 PMCID: PMC8277842 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03971-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia, a characteristic of most human solid tumors, is a major obstacle to successful radiotherapy. While moderate acute hypoxia increases cell survival, chronic cycling hypoxia triggers adaptation processes, leading to the clonal selection of hypoxia-tolerant, apoptosis-resistant cancer cells. Our results demonstrate that exposure to acute and adaptation to chronic cycling hypoxia alters the balance of Bcl-2 family proteins in favor of anti-apoptotic family members, thereby elevating the apoptotic threshold and attenuating the success of radiotherapy. Of note, inhibition of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL by BH3-mimetic ABT-263 enhanced the sensitivity of HCT116 colon cancer and NCI-H460 lung cancer cells to the cytotoxic action of ionizing radiation. Importantly, we observed this effect not only in normoxia, but also in severe hypoxia to a similar or even higher extent. ABT-263 furthermore enhanced the response of xenograft tumors of control and hypoxia-selected NCI-H460 cells to radiotherapy, thereby confirming the beneficial effect of combined treatment in vivo. Targeting the Bcl-2 rheostat with ABT-263, therefore, is a particularly promising approach to overcome radioresistance of cancer cells exposed to acute or chronic hypoxia with intermittent reoxygenation. Moreover, we found intrinsic as well as ABT-263- and irradiation-induced regulation of Bcl-2 family members to determine therapy sensitivity. In this context, we identified Mcl-1 as a resistance factor that interfered with apoptosis induction by ABT-263, ionizing radiation, and combinatorial treatment. Collectively, our findings provide novel insights into the molecular determinants of hypoxia-mediated resistance to apoptosis and radiotherapy and a rationale for future therapies of hypoxic and hypoxia-selected tumor cell fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violetta Ritter
- Institute for Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Franziska Krautter
- Institute for Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Diana Klein
- Institute for Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Verena Jendrossek
- Institute for Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Justine Rudner
- Institute for Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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TSGA10 as a Potential Key Factor in the Process of Spermatid Differentiation/Maturation: Deciphering Its Association with Autophagy Pathway. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:3228-3240. [PMID: 34232471 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00648-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Testis-specific gene antigen 10 (TSGA10) plays an important role in spermatogenesis. However, the exact TSGA10 role and its relationship with the autophagy pathway in the process of spermatids differentiation/maturation is still not clear. Therefore, the present study evaluates the role of TSGA10 gene in the spermatid differentiation/maturation through its effect on autophagy and explores possible underlying pathway(s). Sperm samples from patients with teratospermia were collected. The mRNA and protein level of TSGA10 in these samples were assessed by real-time PCR and western blotting. Using the ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) software, the gene network and interactions of TSGA10 involved in sperm maturation and autophagy were investigated. Based on these analyses, the expression levels of identified genes in patient's samples and healthy controls were further evaluated. Moreover, using flow cytometry analysis, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS( production in teratospermic sperm samples were evaluated. The results showed that the expression levels of TSGA10 mRNA and protein decreased significantly in the teratospermic patients compared to controls (P < 0.05). Moreover, a significant reduction in the expression of the important genes involved in sperm maturation and autophagy was observed (P < 0.05). Also, the levels of ROS production in teratospermic sperm samples were shown to be significantly higher compared to those in normal sperms (P < 0.05). Our findings provide new evidence that simultaneous decrease in TSGA10 and autophagy beside the increased level of ROS production in sperm cells might be associated with the abnormalities in the spermatids differentiation/maturation and the formation of sperms with abnormal morphology.
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ATF3 Promotes Arsenic-Induced Apoptosis and Oppositely Regulates DR5 and Bcl-xL Expression in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084223. [PMID: 33921748 PMCID: PMC8072958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic is one of the most common environmental pollutants eliciting serious public health issues; however, it is also a well-recognized chemotherapeutic agent for acute promyelocytic leukemia. The association between arsenic exposure and lung diseases has been established, but underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly defined. Here we investigated the toxicology of arsenic in airway epithelium. Arsenic rapidly induced the activating transcription factor ATF3 expression through the JNK and p38 pathways. The ATF3-deficient BEAS-2B cells were relatively resistant to apoptosis upon arsenic exposure, indicating a facilitatory role of ATF3 in arsenic-induced apoptosis. We further showed that ATF3 oppositely regulated the transcription of death receptor (DR5) and Bcl2-like 1 (Bcl-xL) by directly binding to the promoter DR5 and Bcl-xL. Altogether, our findings establish ATF3 as a pro-apoptotic protein in arsenic-induced airway epithelial apoptosis through transcriptionally regulating DR5 and Bcl-xL, highlighting the potential of ATF3 as an early and sensitive biomarker for arsenic-caused lung injury.
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25
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Mechanisms of drug resistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma at different levels. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:225827. [PMID: 32677676 PMCID: PMC7396420 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and the mortality of patients with PDAC has not significantly decreased over the last few decades. Novel strategies exhibiting promising effects in preclinical or phase I/II clinical trials are often situated in an embarrassing condition owing to the disappointing results in phase III trials. The efficacy of the current therapeutic regimens is consistently compromised by the mechanisms of drug resistance at different levels, distinctly more intractable than several other solid tumours. In this review, the main mechanisms of drug resistance clinicians and investigators are dealing with during the exploitation and exploration of the anti-tumour effects of drugs in PDAC treatment are summarized. Corresponding measures to overcome these limitations are also discussed.
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Budi HS, Izadi S, Timoshin A, Asl SH, Beyzai B, Ghaderpour A, Alian F, Eshaghi FS, Mousavi SM, Rafiee B, Nikkhoo A, Ahmadi A, Hassannia H, Ahmadi M, Sojoodi M, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Blockade of HIF-1α and STAT3 by hyaluronate-conjugated TAT-chitosan-SPION nanoparticles loaded with siRNA molecules prevents tumor growth. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 34:102373. [PMID: 33667724 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
HIF-1α and STAT3 are two of the critical factors in the growth, proliferation, and metastasis of cancer cells and play a crucial role in inhibiting anti-cancer immune responses. Therefore, we used superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPION) nanoparticles (NPs) coated with thiolated chitosan (ChT) and trimethyl chitosan (TMC) and functionalized with hyaluronate (H) and TAT peptide for delivery of siRNA molecules against STAT3 and HIF-1α to cancer cells both in vivo and in vitro. The results indicated that tumor cell transfection with siRNA-encapsulated NPs robustly inhibited proliferation and migration and induced apoptosis in tumor cells. Furthermore, simultaneous silencing of HIF-1α and STAT3 significantly repressed cancer development in two different tumor types (4T1 breast cancer and CT26 colon cancer) which were associated with upregulation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and IFN-γ secretion. The findings suggest inhibiting the HIF-1α/STAT3 axis by SPION-TMC-ChT-TAT-H NPs as an effective way to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Setia Budi
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Sepideh Izadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Anton Timoshin
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Department of propaedeutics of dental diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Behzad Beyzai
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Ghaderpour
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Alian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sadat Eshaghi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Behnam Rafiee
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Afshin Nikkhoo
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Armin Ahmadi
- iepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Hadi Hassannia
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mozhdeh Sojoodi
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Natua S, Ashok C, Shukla S. Hypoxia-induced alternative splicing in human diseases: the pledge, the turn, and the prestige. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:2729-2747. [PMID: 33386889 PMCID: PMC11072330 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03727-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of oxygen homeostasis is an indispensable criterion for the existence of multicellular life-forms. Disruption of this homeostasis due to inadequate oxygenation of the respiring tissues leads to pathological hypoxia, which acts as a significant stressor in several pathophysiological conditions including cancer, cardiovascular defects, bacterial infections, and neurological disorders. Consequently, the hypoxic tissues develop necessary adaptations both at the tissue and cellular level. The cellular adaptations involve a dramatic alteration in gene expression, post-transcriptional and post-translational modification of gene products, bioenergetics, and metabolism. Among the key responses to oxygen-deprivation is the skewing of cellular alternative splicing program. Herein, we discuss the current concepts of oxygen tension-dependent alternative splicing relevant to various pathophysiological conditions. Following a brief description of cellular response to hypoxia and the pre-mRNA splicing mechanism, we outline the impressive number of hypoxia-elicited alternative splicing events associated with maladies like cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders. Furthermore, we discuss how manipulation of hypoxia-induced alternative splicing may pose promising strategies for novel translational diagnosis and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashis Natua
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Cheemala Ashok
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjeev Shukla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India.
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28
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Abbaszade Z, Bagca BG, Avci CB. Molecular biological investigation of temozolomide and KC7F2 combination in U87MG glioma cell line. Gene 2021; 776:145445. [PMID: 33484758 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastom Multiforme (GBM) is the most invasive and malignant member of the IV grade of the subclass Astrocytoma according to the last assessment of the 2016 WHO report. Due to the resistance to treatment and weak response, as well as the topographical structure of the blood brain barrier, the treatment is also difficult due to the severe clinical manifestation, and new treatment methods and new therapeutic agents are needed. Temozolomide (TMZ) is widely used in the treatment of glioblastoma and is considered as the primary treatment modality. TMZ, a member of the class of cognitive agents, is currently considered the most effective drug because it can easily pass through the blood brain barrier. Glucose metabolism is a complex energy producing machine that, a glucose molecule produces 38 molecules of ATP after full glycolytic catabolism. According to Otto Warburg's numerous studies cancer cells perform the first glycolytic step without entering the mitochondrial step. These cells produce lactic acid and make the micro-media more acidic even in aerobic conditions. This phenomenon is attributed to the Warburg hypothesis and either as aerobic glycolysis. Although glycolysis enzymes are the primary actors of this phenotypic expression, some genetic and epigenetic factors are no exception. We experimentally used KC7F2 active ingredient to target cancer metabolism. In our study, we evaluated cancer metabolism in combination with the effect of TMZ chemotherapeutic agent, examining the effect of two different agents separately and in combination to observe the effects of cancer cell proliferation, survival, apoptosis and expression of metabolism genes on expression. We observed that the combined effect of reduced the effective dose of the TMZ alkylating agent and that the effect was increased and the effect of the combined teraphy is assessed from a metabolic point of view and that it suppresses aerobic glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaka Abbaszade
- Kazımdirik, Ege Ünv. Hst. No:9, 35100 Bornova/Izmir, Turkey.
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Wood EG, Macdougall CE, Blythe H, Clément M, Colas RA, Dalli J, Marelli-Berg F, Longhi MP. HIF1α activation in dendritic cells under sterile conditions promotes an anti-inflammatory phenotype through accumulation of intracellular lipids. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20825. [PMID: 33257753 PMCID: PMC7705732 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77793-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is among the leading causes of elevated cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity. Adipose tissue dysfunction, insulin resistance and inflammation are recognized as important risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disorders in obesity. Hypoxia appears to be a key factor in adipose tissue dysfunction affecting not only adipocytes but also immune cell function. Here we examined the effect of hypoxia-induced transcription factor HIF1α activation on classical dendritic cell (cDCs) function during obesity. We found that deletion of Hif1α on cDCs results in enhanced adipose-tissue inflammation and atherosclerotic plaque formation in a mouse model of obesity. This effect is mediated by HIF1α-mediated increased lipid synthesis, accumulation of lipid droplets and alter synthesis of lipid mediators. Our findings demonstrate that HIF1α activation in cDCs is necessary to control vessel wall inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth G Wood
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Claire E Macdougall
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Hazel Blythe
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Marc Clément
- INSERM U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Hôpital Bichat, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris Cedex, France
| | - Romain A Colas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Federica Marelli-Berg
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - M Paula Longhi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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Codelivery of HIF-1α siRNA and Dinaciclib by Carboxylated Graphene Oxide-Trimethyl Chitosan-Hyaluronate Nanoparticles Significantly Suppresses Cancer Cell Progression. Pharm Res 2020; 37:196. [PMID: 32944844 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02892-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is one of the critical components of the tumor microenvironment that is involved in tumor development. HIF-1α functionally and physically interacts with CDK1, 2, and 5 and stimulates the cell cycle progression and Cyclin-Dependent Kinase (CDK) expression. Therefore, hypoxic tumor microenvironment and CDK overexpression lead to increased cell cycle progression and tumor expansion. Therefore, we decided to suppress cancer cell expansion by blocking HIF-1α and CDK molecules. METHODS In the present study, we used the carboxylated graphene oxide (CGO) conjugated with trimethyl chitosan (TMC) and hyaluronate (HA) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with HIF-1α-siRNA and Dinaciclib, the CDK inhibitor, for silencing HIF-1α and blockade of CDKs in CD44-expressing cancer cells and evaluated the impact of combination therapy on proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, and tumor growth. RESULTS The results indicated that the manufactured NPs had conceivable physicochemical properties, high cellular uptake, and low toxicity. Moreover, combination therapy of cancer cells using CGO-TMC-HA NPs loaded with HIF-1α siRNA and Dinaciclib (SCH 727965) significantly suppressed the CDKs/HIF-1α and consequently, decreased the proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and colony formation in tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate the ability of CGO-TMC-HA NPs for dual drug/gene delivery in cancer treatment. Furthermore, the simultaneous inhibition of CDKs/HIF-1α can be considered as a novel anti-cancer treatment strategy; however, further research is needed to confirm this treatment in vivo. Graphical Abstract The suppression of HIF-1α and CDKs inhibits cancer growth. HIF-1α is overexpressed by the cells present in the tumor microenvironment. The hypoxic environment elevates mitochondrial ROS production and increases p38 MAP kinase, JAK/STAT, ERK, JNK, and Akt/PI3K signaling, resulting in cyclin accumulation and aberrant cell cycle progression. Furthermore, the overexpression of HIF-1α/CDK results in increased expression of genes such as BCL2, Bcl-xl, Ki-67, TGFβ, VEGF, FGF, MMP2, MMP9, and, HIF-1α and consequently raise the survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and invasion of tumor cells. In conclusion, HIF-1α-siRNA/Dinaciclib-loaded CGO-TMC-HA NPs can inhibit the tumor expansion by blockage of CDKs and HIF-1α (JAK: Janus kinase, STAT: Signal transducer and activator of transcription, MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase, ERK: extracellular signal-regulated kinase, JNK: c-Jun N-terminal kinase, PI3K: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase).
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Tan Z, Xu J, Zhang B, Shi S, Yu X, Liang C. Hypoxia: a barricade to conquer the pancreatic cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:3077-3083. [PMID: 31907561 PMCID: PMC11104901 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03444-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains one of the most extremely lethal malignancies worldwide due to late diagnosis and early metastasis, with a 1-year overall survival rate of approximately 20%. The hypoxic microenvironment, induced by intratumoral hypoxia, promotes tumor invasion and progression, leading to chemotherapy or radiotherapy resistance and eventual mortality after treatment of PC. However, the role of the hypoxic microenvironment in PC is complicated and requires further investigation. In this article, we review recent advances regarding the regulation of malignant behaviors in PC, which provide insight into the potential of hypoxic microenvironment activation therapy for the therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Tan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Cellular Mechanisms of Circulating Tumor Cells During Breast Cancer Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145040. [PMID: 32708855 PMCID: PMC7404335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are cancer cells that detach from the primary site and travel in the blood stream. A higher number of CTCs increases the risk of breast cancer metastasis, and it is inversely associated with the survival rates of patients with breast cancer. Although the numbers of CTCs are generally low and the majority of CTCs die in circulation, the survival of a few CTCs can seed the development of a tumor at a secondary location. An increasing number of studies demonstrate that CTCs undergo modification in response to the dynamic biophysical environment in the blood due in part to fluid shear stress. Fluid shear stress generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), triggers redox-sensitive cell signaling, and alters the function of intracellular organelles. In particular, the mitochondrion is an important target organelle in determining the metastatic phenotype of CTCs. In healthy cells, mitochondria produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) via oxidative phosphorylation in the electron transport chain, and during oxidative phosphorylation, they produce physiological levels of ROS. Mitochondria also govern death mechanisms such as apoptosis and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening to, in order eliminate unwanted or damaged cells. However, in cancer cells, mitochondria are dysregulated, causing aberrant energy metabolism, redox homeostasis, and cell death pathways that may favor cancer invasiveness. In this review, we discuss the influence of fluid shear stress on CTCs with an emphasis on breast cancer pathology, then discuss alterations of cellular mechanisms that may increase the metastatic potentials of CTCs.
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Farina AR, Cappabianca L, Sebastiano M, Zelli V, Guadagni S, Mackay AR. Hypoxia-induced alternative splicing: the 11th Hallmark of Cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:110. [PMID: 32536347 PMCID: PMC7294618 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01616-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced alternative splicing is a potent driving force in tumour pathogenesis and progression. In this review, we update currents concepts of hypoxia-induced alternative splicing and how it influences tumour biology. Following brief descriptions of tumour-associated hypoxia and the pre-mRNA splicing process, we review the many ways hypoxia regulates alternative splicing and how hypoxia-induced alternative splicing impacts each individual hallmark of cancer. Hypoxia-induced alternative splicing integrates chemical and cellular tumour microenvironments, underpins continuous adaptation of the tumour cellular microenvironment responsible for metastatic progression and plays clear roles in oncogene activation and autonomous tumour growth, tumor suppressor inactivation, tumour cell immortalization, angiogenesis, tumour cell evasion of programmed cell death and the anti-tumour immune response, a tumour-promoting inflammatory response, adaptive metabolic re-programming, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, invasion and genetic instability, all of which combine to promote metastatic disease. The impressive number of hypoxia-induced alternative spliced protein isoforms that characterize tumour progression, classifies hypoxia-induced alternative splicing as the 11th hallmark of cancer, and offers a fertile source of potential diagnostic/prognostic markers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Rosella Farina
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Lucia Cappabianca
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Michela Sebastiano
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Veronica Zelli
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Stefano Guadagni
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Andrew Reay Mackay
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
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Zhang Y, Cheng Y, Zhang Z, Bai Z, Jin H, Guo X, Huang X, Li M, Wang M, Shu XS, Yuan Y, Ying Y. CDCA2 Inhibits Apoptosis and Promotes Cell Proliferation in Prostate Cancer and Is Directly Regulated by HIF-1α Pathway. Front Oncol 2020; 10:725. [PMID: 32509575 PMCID: PMC7248370 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major serious malignant tumor and is commonly diagnosed in older men. Identification of novel cancer-related genes in PCa is important for understanding its tumorigenesis mechanism and developing new therapies against PCa. Here, we used RNA sequencing to identify the specific genes, which are upregulated in PCa cell lines and tissues. The cell division cycle associated protein (CDCA) family, which plays a critical role in cell division and proliferation, is upregulated in the PCa cell lines of our RNA-Sequencing data. Moreover, we found that CDCA2 is overexpressed, and its protein level positively correlates with its histological grade, clinical stage, and Gleason Score. CDCA2 was further found to be upregulated and correlated with poor prognosis and patient survival in multiple cancer types in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. The functional study suggests that inhibition of CDCA2 will lead to apoptosis and lower proliferation in vitro. Silencing of CDCA2 also repressed tumor growth in vivo. Loss of CDCA2 affects several oncogenic pathways, including MAPK signaling. In addition, we further demonstrated that CDCA2 was induced in hypoxia and directly regulated by the HIF-1α/Smad3 complex. Thus, our data indicate that CDCA2 could act as an oncogene and is regulated by hypoxia and the HIF-1αpathway. CDCA2 may be a useful prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingduan Cheng
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, Saint John's Health Center, John Wayne Cancer Institute, PHS, Santa Monica, CA, United States
| | - Zhaoxia Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhongyuan Bai
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongtao Jin
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaojing Guo
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meiqi Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Maolin Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xing-Sheng Shu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yeqing Yuan
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Ying
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Xie H, Nie L, Zhang M, Su Z, Chen X, Xu M, Gong J, Chen N, Zhou Q. Suppression of α-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase by miR200c inhibits prostate adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and migration. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:1806-1816. [PMID: 32104236 PMCID: PMC7027128 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of α-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase (AMACR/P504S) is a major abnormality that has been observed in prostate cancer, whereas microRNA (miRNA/miR) 200c, is downregulated. The aim of the present study was to explore whether miR200c was able to exert any regulatory effects on AMACR. To meet this aim, bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify potential binding sites for miR200c in the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of AMACR. Recombinant adenoviral and dual reporter gene assays were designed to examine the binding of miR200c to the potential seed sequences in the AMACR 3′-UTR. Conventional reverse transcription (RT)-PCR, RT-quantitative (q)PCR and western blotting were also used to examine the regulatory effects of miR200c on AMACR at the mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, Cell Counting Kit-8, wound healing and Transwell assays were performed to investigate the biological effects of miR200c-AMACR deregulation on prostate cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. It was revealed that miR200c post-transcriptionally suppressed AMACR expression by interacting with the 90–97 nucleotide sequence of the AMACR mRNA 3′-UTR. Artificial overexpression of miR200c significantly downregulated the mRNA and protein levels of AMACR in DU145 and PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Knockdown of AMACR by RNA interference, or overexpression of miR200c by recombinant adenoviral Ad-miR200c, inhibited prostate cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasiveness. Taken together, the results of the present study revealed that miR200c may suppress the AMACR expression level post-transcriptionally. The results also indicate that perturbation of the miR200c-AMACR regulatory mechanism may be involved in prostate carcinogenesis and that this may be exploited in future therapeutic approaches to prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbing Xie
- Pathology Department and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ling Nie
- Pathology Department and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Mengni Zhang
- Pathology Department and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Zhengzheng Su
- Pathology Department and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Pathology Department and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Miao Xu
- Pathology Department and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jing Gong
- Pathology Department and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ni Chen
- Pathology Department and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Pathology Department and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Neuregulin-1 Protects Neuronal Cells Against Damage due to CoCl2-Induced Hypoxia by Suppressing Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α and P53 in SH-SY5Y Cells. Int Neurourol J 2019; 23:S111-118. [PMID: 31795610 PMCID: PMC6905208 DOI: 10.5213/inj.1938190.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hypoxia-mediated neurotoxicity contributes to various neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer disease. Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) plays an important role in the development and plasticity of the brain. The aim of the present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect and the regulating hypoxic inducible factor of NRG1 in cobalt chloride (CoCl2) induced hypoxia. Methods Hypoxia was induced in SH-SY5Y cells by CoCl2 treatment. SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated with NRG1 and then treated with CoCl2. Western blotting, immunocytochemistry, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays were performed to examine neuroprotective properties of NRG1 in SH-SY5Y cells. Results Our data showed that CoCl2 induced cytotoxicity and changes of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and p53 expression in SH-SY5Y cells. However, pretreatment with NRG1 inhibited CoCl2-induced accumulation of HIF-1α and p53 stability. In addition, NRG1 significantly attenuated cell death of SH-SY5Y induced by CoCl2. Conclusions NRG1 can regulate HIF-1α and p53 to protect neurons against hypoxic damage.
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Qiu Y, Huang X, He W. The regulatory role of HIF-1 in tubular epithelial cells in response to kidney injury. Histol Histopathol 2019; 35:321-330. [PMID: 31691948 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The high sensitivity to changes in oxygen tension makes kidney vulnerable to hypoxia. Both acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease are almost always accompanied by hypoxia. Tubular epithelial cells (TECs), the dominant intrinsic cells in kidney tissue, are believed to be not only a victim in the pathological process of various kidney diseases, but also a major contributor to kidney damage. Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is the main regulator of adaptive response of cells to hypoxia. Under various clinical and experimental kidney disease conditions, HIF-1 plays a pivotal role in modulating multiple cellular processes in TECs, including apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, metabolic pattern alteration, and cell cycle arrest. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms by which HIF-1 regulates these cellular processes in TECs may help identify potential therapeutic targets to improve the outcome of acute kidney injury and delay the progression of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Qiu
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaowen Huang
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weichun He
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Ji Z, Wang L, Wang S, Liang G. [Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride up-regulates expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α to alleviate renal ischemiareperfusion injury in diabetic rats]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:944-949. [PMID: 31511215 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.08.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To verify whether dexmedetomidine hydrochloride (Dex) alleviates renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in diabetic rats by increasing the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). METHODS A rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus was established by high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection. The rats were subjected to daily intragastric administration of 0.05 mg/kg digoxin for 7 consecutive days and intraperitoneal injection of Dex 2 h before renal IR injury induced by ligation of the bilateral renal arteries for 60 min followed by reperfusion for 120 min. After reperfusion, blood samples were taken for detection of serum creatinine (Scr) and urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of HIF-1α, cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax in the renal tissues; the expression of the HIF-1α, p-eNOS, and eNOS were detected using ELISA. The percentage of apoptotic glomerular cells was assessed using TUNEL assay. RESULTS The levels of Scr, BUN, HIF-1α, p-eNOS, and eNOS and the percentage of apoptotic cells in both normal and diabetic rats increased significantly after renal IR injury (P < 0.05). The expressions of Scr, BUN, p-eNOS, and eNOS decreased while HIF-1α expression increased significantly in Dex-treated rats with renal IR injury (P < 0.05). Compared with the non-diabetic rats, the diabetic rats showed more obvious increase in the expressions of Scr, BUN, p-eNOS, and eNOS following renal IR injury. In the diabetic rats with renal IR injury, Dex treatment prior to the injury significantly lowered the expressions of Scr, BUN, p-eNOS, eNOS, cleaved caspase-3, and Bax, decreased the percentage of apoptotic cells, and increased the levels of HIF-1a and Bcl-2 (P < 0.05). Digoxin treatment significantly antagonized the effects of Dex in the diabetic rats with renal IR injury by increasing the expressions of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax, promoting glomerular cell apoptosis, and decreasing renal expressions of HIF-1 and Bcl-2 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Dex alleviates renal IR injury in diabetic rats probably by inhibiting renal expression of HIF-1α and glomerular cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Shiying Wang
- Health Management Center, Affiliated Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Genqiang Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai 519000, China
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GATA1 Promotes Gemcitabine Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer through Antiapoptotic Pathway. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:9474273. [PMID: 31093285 PMCID: PMC6481023 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9474273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Gemcitabine-based chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for pancreatic cancer. However, chemoresistance is a major obstacle to drug efficacy, leading to poor prognosis. Little progress has been achieved although multiple mechanisms are investigated. Therefore, effective strategies are urgently needed to overcome drug resistance. Here, we demonstrate that the transcription factor GATA binding protein 1 (GATA1) promotes gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer through antiapoptotic pathway. GATA1 is highly expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tissues, and GATA1 status is an independent predictor of prognosis and response to gemcitabine therapy. Further investigation demonstrates GATA1 is involved in both intrinsic and acquired gemcitabine resistance in PDAC cells. Mechanistically, we find that GATA1 upregulates Bcl-XL expression by binding to its promoter and thus induces gemcitabine resistance through enhancing Bcl-XL mediated antiapoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, in PDAC patients, Bcl-XL expression is positively correlated with GATA1 level and predicts clinical outcomes and gemcitabine response. Taken together, our results indicate that GATA1 is a novel marker and potential target for pancreatic cancer. Targeting GATA1 combined with Bcl-XL may be a promising strategy to enhance gemcitabine response.
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Meyenberg Cunha-de Padua M, Noleto GR, de Oliveira Petkowicz CL, Cadena SMSC, Bost F, Pouysségur J, Mazure NM. Hypoxia protects against the cell death triggered by oxovanadium-galactomannan complexes in HepG2 cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2019; 24:18. [PMID: 30949212 PMCID: PMC6421655 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-019-0135-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polysaccharides from various sources have been used in traditional medicine for centuries. The beneficial pharmacological effects of plant-derived polysaccharides include anti-tumor activity. METHODS Here, we evaluated the anti-cancer effect of the MSAGM:VO complex under hypoxic conditions (1% oxygen). MSAGM:VO is a complex of the hydrolysate of galactomannan (MSAGM) from Schizolobium amazonicum with oxovanadium (IV/V). The hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line HepG2 was selected as HCC are one of the most hypoxic solid tumors. RESULTS Our results showed that the strong apoptotic activity of MSAGM:VO observed in HepG2 cells under normoxic conditions was completely lost under hypoxic conditions. We found a dynamic balance between the pro- and anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 protein family. The expressions of anti-apoptotic Mcl-1 and Bcl-XL increased in hypoxia, whereas the expression of pro-apoptotic Bax decreased. MSAGM:VO strongly induced autophagy, which was previously characterized as a pro-survival mechanism in hypoxia. These results demonstrate total elimination of the anti-cancer activity of MSAGM:VO with activation of autophagy under conditions of hypoxia. CONCLUSION Although this study is a proof-of-concept of the impact of hypoxia on the potential of polysaccharides, further study is encouraged. The anti-tumor activity of polysaccharides could be achieved in normoxia or through raising the activity of the immune system. In addition, combination strategies for therapy with anti-autophagic drugs could be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Meyenberg Cunha-de Padua
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS-UMR 7284-Inserm U1081, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 33 Ave. de Valombrose, 06189 Nice, France
- Present Address: INSERM U1065, C3M, 151 Route de St Antoine de Ginestière, BP2 3194, 06204 Nice Cedex 03, France
| | | | | | | | - Frédéric Bost
- Present Address: INSERM U1065, C3M, 151 Route de St Antoine de Ginestière, BP2 3194, 06204 Nice Cedex 03, France
| | - Jacques Pouysségur
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS-UMR 7284-Inserm U1081, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 33 Ave. de Valombrose, 06189 Nice, France
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Monaco, Monaco
| | - Nathalie M. Mazure
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS-UMR 7284-Inserm U1081, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 33 Ave. de Valombrose, 06189 Nice, France
- Present Address: INSERM U1065, C3M, 151 Route de St Antoine de Ginestière, BP2 3194, 06204 Nice Cedex 03, France
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Chau MJ, Deveau TC, Gu X, Kim YS, Xu Y, Yu SP, Wei L. Delayed and repeated intranasal delivery of bone marrow stromal cells increases regeneration and functional recovery after ischemic stroke in mice. BMC Neurosci 2018; 19:20. [PMID: 29649974 PMCID: PMC5897929 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-018-0418-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, yet there are limited treatments available. Intranasal administration is a novel non-invasive strategy to deliver cell therapy into the brain. Cells delivered via the intranasal route can migrate from the nasal mucosa to the ischemic infarct and show acute neuroprotection as well as functional benefits. However, there is little information about the regenerative effects of this transplantation method in the delayed phase of stroke. We hypothesized that repeated intranasal deliveries of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) would be feasible and could enhance delayed neurovascular repair and functional recovery after ischemic stroke. RESULTS Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry were performed to analyze the expression of regenerative factors including SDF-1α, CXCR4, VEGF and FAK in BMSCs. Ischemic stroke targeting the somatosensory cortex was induced in adult C57BL/6 mice by permanently occluding the right middle cerebral artery and temporarily occluding both common carotid arteries. Hypoxic preconditioned (HP) BMSCs (HP-BMSCs) with increased expression of surviving factors HIF-1α and Bcl-xl (1 × 106 cells/100 μl per mouse) or cell media were administered intranasally at 3, 4, 5, and 6 days after stroke. Mice received daily BrdU (50 mg/kg) injections until sacrifice. BMSCs were prelabeled with Hoechst 33342 and detected within the peri-infarct area 6 and 24 h after transplantation. In immunohistochemical staining, significant increases in NeuN/BrdU and Glut-1/BrdU double positive cells were seen in stroke mice received HP-BMSCs compared to those received regular BMSCs. HP-BMSC transplantation significantly increased local cerebral blood flow and improved performance in the adhesive removal test. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that delayed and repeated intranasal deliveries of HP-treated BMSCs is an effective treatment to encourage regeneration after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica J. Chau
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Todd C. Deveau
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Xiaohuan Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Yo Sup Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shan Ping Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
- Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Veteran’s Affair Medical Center, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
- Woodruff Memorial Research Building, Suite 617, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
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Su Z, Zhang M, Xu M, Li X, Tan J, Xu Y, Pan X, Chen N, Chen X, Zhou Q. MicroRNA181c inhibits prostate cancer cell growth and invasion by targeting multiple ERK signaling pathway components. Prostate 2018; 78:343-352. [PMID: 29341215 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ERK signaling pathway is frequently deregulated in tumorigenesis, mostly by classical mechanisms such as gene mutation of its components (eg, RAS and RAF). However, whether and how multiple key components of ERK pathway are regulated by microRNAs are not clear. METHODS We firstly predicted post-transcriptional regulation of multiple key components of the ERK signaling pathway by miR181c through bioinformatics analysis, and then confirmed the post-transcriptional regulation by dual luciferase reporter gene assays and Western blot analysis. The biological effects of miR181c on prostate cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were measured by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, wound scratch assay, transwell cell migration, and invasion assays. RESULTS miR181c post-transcriptionally regulated multiple key members of the ERK signaling pathway, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2), ribosomal S6 kinase 2 (RSK2), serum response factor (SRF), and FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog (c-Fos). Ectopic expression of miR181c mimics effectively suppressed prostate cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, but promoted cell apoptosis. Furthermore, miR181c treatment combined with the multi-kinase inhibitor sorafenib significantly enhanced these anti-tumor effects. CONCLUSIONS Downregulation of miR181c results in deregulated ERK signaling and promotes prostate cancer cell growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzheng Su
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengni Zhang
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinglan Li
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junya Tan
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunyi Xu
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiuyi Pan
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ni Chen
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Department of Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Mughal MJ, Xi P, Yi Z, Jing F. Aflatoxin B1 invokes apoptosis via death receptor pathway in hepatocytes. Oncotarget 2018; 8:8239-8249. [PMID: 28030812 PMCID: PMC5352397 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The fungal metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus cause detrimental health effects on humans and animals. Particularly aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most studied and a well-known global carcinogen, producing hepatotoxic, genotoxic and immunotoxic effects in multiple species. AFB1 is shown to provoke liver dysfunctioning by causing hepatocytes apoptosis and disturbing cellular enzymatic activities. In liver, AFB1 causes apoptosis via extrinsic mechanism because of high expression of death receptor pathway. The detailed mechanism of AFB1 induced hepatocytes apoptosis, via death receptor pathway still remains elusive. So the present study was conducted to explore apoptotic mechanism initiated by death receptors and associated genes in aflatoxin B1 induced liver apoptosis in chickens fed with AFB1 for 3 weeks. Results from the present study displayed histopathological and ultrastructural changes in liver such as hydropic degeneration, fatty vacuolar degeneration and proliferation of bile duct in hepatocytes in AFB1 group, along with imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense system upon AFB1 ingestion. Moreover, AFB1 intoxicated chickens showed upregulation of death receptors FAS, TNFR1 and associated genes and downregulation of inhibitory apoptotic proteins XIAP and BCL-2. The results obtained from this novel and comprehensive study including histopathological, ultrastructural, flow cytometrical and death receptor pathway gene expression profiles, will facilitate better understanding of mechanisms and involvement of death receptor pathway in hepatocytes apoptosis induced by AFB1 and ultimately may be helpful in bringing down the toxigenic potential of AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jameel Mughal
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Peng Xi
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhou Yi
- Life Science Department, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Fang Jing
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
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Fang Y, Zhang H, Zhong Y, Ding X. Prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2) inhibition protects human renal epithelial cells and mice kidney from hypoxia injury. Oncotarget 2018; 7:54317-54328. [PMID: 27527871 PMCID: PMC5342344 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 2 (PHD2) is a key oxygen sensor, setting low steady-state level of hypoxia-inducible factor-α (HIF-α). Here, we showed that treatment of cobalt chloride (CoCl2), a hypoxia mimic, in HK-2 tubular epithelial cells induced PHD2 and HIF-1/2α expression as well as cell apoptosis and autophagy activation. Three methyladenine (3-MA), the autophagy inhibitor, blocked autophagy and protected HK-2 cells from CoCl2. Significantly, siRNA knockdown of PHD2 also protected HK-2 cells from CoCl2,possibly via increasing HIF-1α expression. Reversely, HIF-1α siRNA knockdown almost abolished cytoprotection by PHD2 siRNA in CoCl2-treated HK-2 cells. In vivo, pretreatment with a PHD inhibitor L-mimosine remarkably attenuated mice renal ischemia-reperfusion injuries. Molecularly, L-mimosine inhibited apoptosis and inflammatory responses in injured mice kidneys. Together, our results suggest that PHD2 silence or inhibition protects human renal epithelial cells and mice kidney from hypoxia injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yihong Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
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The mitochondrial and death receptor pathways involved in the thymocytes apoptosis induced by aflatoxin B1. Oncotarget 2017; 7:12222-34. [PMID: 26933817 PMCID: PMC4914280 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a potent immunosuppressive agent in endotherms, which can be related to the up-regulated apoptosis of immune organs. In this study, we investigated the roles of the mitochondrial, death receptor, and endoplasmic reticulum pathways in Aflatoxin B1 induced thymocytes apoptosis. Chickens were fed an aflatoxin B1 containing diet (0.6 mg/kg AFB1) for 3 weeks. Our results showed that (1) AFB1 diet induced the decrease of T-cell subsets, morphological changes, and excessive apoptosis of thymus. (2) The excessive apoptosis involved the mitochondrial pathway (up-regulation of Bax, Bak, cytC and down-regulation of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL) and death receptor pathway (up-regulation of FasL, Fas and FADD). (3) Oxidative stress, an apoptosis inducer, was confirmed in the thymus. In conclusion, this is the first study to demonstrate that mitochondrial and death receptor pathways involved in AFB1 induced thymocytes apoptosis in broilers.
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BCL-X L overexpression promotes tumor progression-associated properties. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:3216. [PMID: 29238043 PMCID: PMC5870591 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0055-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
By using human melanoma and glioblastoma cell lines and their derivative BCL-XL overexpressing clones, we investigated the role of BCL-XL in aggressive features of these two tumor histotypes. We found that in both models, BCL-XL overexpression increased in vitro cell migration and invasion and facilitated tumor cells to form de novo vasculogenic structures. Furthermore, BCL-XL overexpressing cells exhibited higher tumors sphere formation capacity and expressed higher levels of some stem cell markers, supporting the concept that BCL-XL plays essential roles in the maintenance of cancer stem cell phenotype. BCL-XL expression reduction by siRNA, the exposure to a BCL-XL-specific inhibitor and the use of a panel of human melanoma cell lines corroborated the evidence that BCL-XL regulates tumor progression-associated properties. Finally, the vascular markers and the vasculogenic mimicry were up-regulated in the BCL-XL overexpressing xenografts derived from both tumor histotypes. In conclusion, our work brings further support to the understanding of the malignant actions of BCL-XL and, in particular, to the concept that BCL-XL promotes stemness and contributes to the aggressiveness of both melanoma and glioblastoma.
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Chüeh AC, Tse JWT, Dickinson M, Ioannidis P, Jenkins L, Togel L, Tan B, Luk I, Davalos-Salas M, Nightingale R, Thompson MR, Williams BRG, Lessene G, Lee EF, Fairlie WD, Dhillon AS, Mariadason JM. ATF3 Repression of BCL-X L Determines Apoptotic Sensitivity to HDAC Inhibitors across Tumor Types. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:5573-5584. [PMID: 28611196 PMCID: PMC5600837 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are epigenome-targeting small molecules approved for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma. They have also demonstrated clinical activity in acute myelogenous leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer, and estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, and trials are underway assessing their activity in combination regimens including immunotherapy. However, there is currently no clear strategy to reliably predict HDACi sensitivity. In colon cancer cells, apoptotic sensitivity to HDACi is associated with transcriptional induction of multiple immediate-early (IE) genes. Here, we examined whether this transcriptional response predicts HDACi sensitivity across tumor type and investigated the mechanism by which it triggers apoptosis.Experimental Design: Fifty cancer cell lines from diverse tumor types were screened to establish the correlation between apoptotic sensitivity, induction of IE genes, and components of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.Results: We show that sensitivity to HDACi across tumor types is predicted by induction of the IE genes FOS, JUN, and ATF3, but that only ATF3 is required for HDACi-induced apoptosis. We further demonstrate that the proapoptotic function of ATF3 is mediated through direct transcriptional repression of the prosurvival factor BCL-XL (BCL2L1) These findings provided the rationale for dual inhibition of HDAC and BCL-XL, which we show strongly cooperate to overcome inherent resistance to HDACi across diverse tumor cell types.Conclusions: These findings explain the heterogeneous responses of tumor cells to HDACi-induced apoptosis and suggest a framework for predicting response and expanding their therapeutic use in multiple cancer types. Clin Cancer Res; 23(18); 5573-84. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janson W T Tse
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Paul Ioannidis
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura Jenkins
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lars Togel
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - BeeShin Tan
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ian Luk
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mercedes Davalos-Salas
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca Nightingale
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew R Thompson
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria
| | - Bryan R G Williams
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria
| | | | - Erinna F Lee
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Walter D Fairlie
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amardeep S Dhillon
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - John M Mariadason
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne, Australia.
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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Bianchi F, Pretto S, Tagliabue E, Balsari A, Sfondrini L. Exploiting poly(I:C) to induce cancer cell apoptosis. Cancer Biol Ther 2017; 18:747-756. [PMID: 28881163 PMCID: PMC5678690 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2017.1373220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
TLR3 belong to the Toll-like receptors family, it is mainly expressed on immune cells where it senses pathogen-associated molecular patterns and initiates innate immune response. TLR3 agonist poly(I:C) was developed to mimic pathogens infection and boost immune system activation to promote anti-cancer therapy. Accordingly, TLR agonists were included in the National Cancer Institute list of immunotherapeutic agents with the highest potential to cure cancer. Besides well known effects on immune cells, poly(I:C) was also shown, in experimental models, to directly induce apoptosis in cancer cells expressing TLR3. This review presents the current knowledge on the mechanism of poly(I:C)-induced apoptosis in cancer cells. Experimental evidences on positive or negative regulators of TLR3-mediated apoptosis induced by poly(I:C) are reported and strategies are proposed to successfully promote this event in cancer cells. Cancer cells apoptosis is an additional arm offered by poly(I:C), besides activation of immune system, for the treatment of various type of cancer. A further dissection of TLR3 signaling would contribute to greater resolution of the critical steps that impede full exploitation of the poly(I:C)-induced apoptosis. Experimental evidences about negative regulator of poly(I:C)-induced apoptotic program should be considered in combinations with TLR3 agonists in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bianchi
- a Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori , Department of Research, Epidemiologia e Medicina Molecolare , via Amadeo 42, Milan , Italy.,b Università degli Studi di Milano , Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute , via Mangiagalli 31, Milan , Italy
| | - Samantha Pretto
- b Università degli Studi di Milano , Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute , via Mangiagalli 31, Milan , Italy
| | - Elda Tagliabue
- a Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori , Department of Research, Epidemiologia e Medicina Molecolare , via Amadeo 42, Milan , Italy
| | - Andrea Balsari
- a Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori , Department of Research, Epidemiologia e Medicina Molecolare , via Amadeo 42, Milan , Italy.,b Università degli Studi di Milano , Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute , via Mangiagalli 31, Milan , Italy
| | - Lucia Sfondrini
- b Università degli Studi di Milano , Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute , via Mangiagalli 31, Milan , Italy
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Su W, Xu M, Chen X, Chen N, Gong J, Nie L, Li L, Li X, Zhang M, Zhou Q. Long noncoding RNA ZEB1-AS1 epigenetically regulates the expressions of ZEB1 and downstream molecules in prostate cancer. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:142. [PMID: 28830551 PMCID: PMC5568204 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0711-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging studies show that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. The lncRNA ZEB1 antisense 1 (ZEB1-AS1) derives from the promoter region of ZEB1 and we still know little about its expressions, roles and mechanisms. Methods RACE was used to obtain the sequence of ZEB1-AS1. RNA interference was used to decrease ZEB1-AS1 expression. Adenovirus expression vector was used to increase ZEB1-AS1 expression. CHIP and RIP were used to detect the epigenetic mechanisms by which ZEB1-AS1 regulated ZEB1. CCK8 assay, wound healing assay and transwell assay were used to measure proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells. Results In this study, in prostate cancer cells, we found that RNAi-mediated downregulation of ZEB1-AS1 induced significant ZEB1 inhibition while artificial overexpression of ZEB1-AS1 rescued ZEB1 expression, which means that ZEB1-AS1 promotes ZEB1 expression. Also, ZEB1-AS1 indirectly inhibited miR200c, the well-known target of ZEB1, and upregulated miR200c’s target BMI1. Mechanistically, ZEB1-AS1 bound and recruited histone methyltransferase MLL1 to the promoter region of ZEB1, induced H3K4me3 modification therein, and activated ZEB1 transcription. Biologically, ZEB1-AS1 promoted proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells. Conclusions Collectively, ZEB1-AS1 functions as an oncogene in prostate cancer via epigenetically activating ZEB1 and indirectly regulating downstream molecules of ZEB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Su
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Pathology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ni Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Gong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ling Nie
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xinglan Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mengni Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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50
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Inhibiting PHD2 in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via lentiviral vector-mediated RNA interference facilitates the repair of periodontal tissue defects in SD rats. Oncotarget 2017; 8:72676-72699. [PMID: 29069818 PMCID: PMC5641161 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) play an important role in angiogenesis, and they can activate the expression of several downstream angiogenic factors. HIF-1 is a major transcriptor of HIFs, composed of α and β subunits. Prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 2 (PHD2) is the main catabolic enzyme for HIF-1α, and it can accelerate its degradation under normoxic conditions. PHD2 expression in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) of SD rats was down-regulated under normoxic conditions in this study by utilizing lentiviral vector-mediated RNA interference to promote HIF-1α accumulation, thus enhancing the expression of angiogenic factors. A tissue-engineered compound was constructed using the composite collagen membrane of BMMSCs after PHD2 gene silencing to repair periodontal fenestration defects in SD rats. The results of this study indicated that, after PHD2 gene silencing, the osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs was enhanced in vitro, the resistance of cells to oxidative stress was also validated in vitro, thereby illustrating the promotion of the repair of artificially constructed periodontal tissue defects in rats. The results of this study provide a reference and guidance for future applications of RNA interference in periodontal tissue engineering and serve as a basis for improving the survival of seed cells in recipient tissues.
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