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Huang X, Mao W, Yi Y, Lu Y, Liu F, Deng L. The effects of four paralogous piscidin antimicrobial peptides on the chemotaxis, macrophage respiratory burst, phagocytosis and expression of immune-related genes in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coicodes). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 154:105144. [PMID: 38316232 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an essential part of the vertebrate innate immune system. Piscidins are a family of AMPs specific in fish. In our previous investigation, we identified four paralogous genes of piscidins in the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coicodes), which exhibited distinct activities against bacteria, fungi, and parasitic ciliated protozoa. Piscidins demonstrated their capability to modulate the expression of diverse immune-related genes; however, their precise immunoregulatory functions remain largely unexplored. In this study, we examined the immunomodulatory properties of putative mature peptides derived from four E. coicodes piscidins (ecPis1S, ecPis2S, ecPis3S, and ecPis4S) in head kidney leukocytes (HKLs) or monocytes/macrophages (MO/MΦ)-like cells isolated from E. coicodes. Our data demonstrate that E. coicodes piscidins exhibit immunomodulatory activities supported by multiple lines of evidence. Firstly, all four piscidins displayed chemotactic activities towards HKLs, with the most potent chemotactic activity observed in ecPis2S. Secondly, stimulation with E. coicodes piscidins enhanced respiratory burst and phagocytic activity in MO/MФ-like cells, with ecPis3S showing the highest efficacy in increasing phagocytosis of MO/MΦ-like cells. Thirdly, mRNA expression levels of chemokine receptors, Toll-like receptors, T cell receptors, and proinflammatory cytokines were modulated to varying extents by the four piscidins in E. coicodes HKLs. Overall, our findings indicate that the immunological activities of these four paralogous piscidins from E. coicodes are exhibited in a paralog-specific and concentration-dependent manner, highlighting their distinct and versatile immunomodulatory properties. This study makes a significant contribution to the field of fish AMPs immunology by elucidating the novel mechanisms through which members of the piscidin family exert their immunomodulatory effects. Moreover, it provides valuable insights for further exploration of fish immunomodulating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiazi Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wei Mao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yonghao Yi
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yubin Lu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Feihong Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Li Deng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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2
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Oludiran A, Malik A, Zourou AC, Wu Y, Gross SP, Siryapon A, Poudel A, Alleyne K, Adams S, Courson DS, Cotten ML, Purcell EB. Host-defense piscidin peptides as antibiotic adjuvants against Clostridioides difficile. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295627. [PMID: 38252641 PMCID: PMC10802969 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The spore-forming intestinal pathogen Clostridioides difficile causes multidrug resistant infection with a high rate of recurrence after treatment. Piscidins 1 (p1) and 3 (p3), cationic host defense peptides with micromolar cytotoxicity against C. difficile, sensitize C. difficile to clinically relevant antibiotics tested at sublethal concentrations. Both peptides bind to Cu2+ using an amino terminal copper and nickel binding motif. Here, we investigate the two peptides in the apo and holo states as antibiotic adjuvants against an epidemic strain of C. difficile. We find that the presence of the peptides leads to lower doses of metronidazole, vancomycin, and fidaxomicin to kill C. difficile. The activity of metronidazole, which targets DNA, is enhanced by a factor of 32 when combined with p3, previously shown to bind and condense DNA. Conversely, the activity of vancomycin, which acts at bacterial cell walls, is enhanced 64-fold when combined with membrane-active p1-Cu2+. As shown through microscopy monitoring the permeabilization of membranes of C. difficile cells and vesicle mimics of their membranes, the adjuvant effect of p1 and p3 in the apo and holo states is consistent with a mechanism of action where the peptides enable greater antibiotic penetration through the cell membrane to increase their bioavailability. The variations in effects obtained with the different forms of the peptides reveal that while all piscidins generally sensitize C. difficile to antibiotics, co-treatments can be optimized in accordance with the underlying mechanism of action of the peptides and antibiotics. Overall, this study highlights the potential of antimicrobial peptides as antibiotic adjuvants to increase the lethality of currently approved antibiotic dosages, reducing the risk of incomplete treatments and ensuing drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adenrele Oludiran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Areej Malik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Andriana C. Zourou
- Department of Applied Science, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Yonghan Wu
- Irvine Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Steven P. Gross
- Ivrine Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Albert Siryapon
- Irvine Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Asia Poudel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Kwincy Alleyne
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Savion Adams
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
| | - David S. Courson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Myriam L. Cotten
- Department of Applied Science, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Erin B. Purcell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
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3
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Gao N, Wang J, Fang C, Bai P, Sun Y, Wu W, Shan A. Combating bacterial infections with host defense peptides: Shifting focus from bacteria to host immunity. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 72:101030. [PMID: 38043443 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.101030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections necessitates the exploration of novel paradigms for anti-infective therapy. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also known as host defense peptides (HDPs), have garnered extensive recognition as immunomodulatory molecules that leverage natural host mechanisms to enhance therapeutic benefits. The unique immune mechanism exhibited by certain HDPs that involves self-assembly into supramolecular nanonets capable of inducing bacterial agglutination and entrapping is significantly important. This process effectively prevents microbial invasion and subsequent dissemination and significantly mitigates selective pressure for the evolution of microbial resistance, highlighting the potential of HDP-based antimicrobial therapy. Recent advancements in this field have focused on developing bio-responsive materials in the form of supramolecular nanonets. A comprehensive overview of the immunomodulatory and bacteria-agglutinating activities of HDPs, along with a discussion on optimization strategies for synthetic derivatives, is presented in this article. These optimized derivatives exhibit improved biological properties and therapeutic potential, making them suitable for future clinical applications as effective anti-infective therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Gao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Chunyang Fang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Pengfei Bai
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yu Sun
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Wanpeng Wu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Anshan Shan
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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4
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Liu F, Greenwood AI, Xiong Y, Miceli RT, Fu R, Anderson KW, McCallum SA, Mihailescu M, Gross R, Cotten ML. Host Defense Peptide Piscidin and Yeast-Derived Glycolipid Exhibit Synergistic Antimicrobial Action through Concerted Interactions with Membranes. JACS AU 2023; 3:3345-3365. [PMID: 38155643 PMCID: PMC10751773 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Developing new antimicrobials as alternatives to conventional antibiotics has become an urgent race to eradicate drug-resistant bacteria and to save human lives. Conventionally, antimicrobial molecules are studied independently even though they can be cosecreted in vivo. In this research, we investigate two classes of naturally derived antimicrobials: sophorolipid (SL) esters as modified yeast-derived glycolipid biosurfactants that feature high biocompatibility and low production cost; piscidins, which are host defense peptides (HDPs) from fish. While HDPs such as piscidins target the membrane of pathogens, and thus result in low incidence of resistance, SLs are not well understood on a mechanistic level. Here, we demonstrate that combining SL-hexyl ester (SL-HE) with subinhibitory concentration of piscidins 1 (P1) and 3 (P3) stimulates strong antimicrobial synergy, potentiating a promising therapeutic window. Permeabilization assays and biophysical studies employing circular dichroism, NMR, mass spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction are performed to investigate the mechanism underlying this powerful synergy. We reveal four key mechanistic features underlying the synergistic action: (1) P1/3 binds to SL-HE aggregates, becoming α-helical; (2) piscidin-glycolipid assemblies synergistically accumulate on membranes; (3) SL-HE used alone or bound to P1/3 associates with phospholipid bilayers where it induces defects; (4) piscidin-glycolipid complexes disrupt the bilayer structure more dramatically and differently than either compound alone, with phase separation occurring when both agents are present. Overall, dramatic enhancement in antimicrobial activity is associated with the use of two membrane-active agents, with the glycolipid playing the roles of prefolding the peptide, coordinating the delivery of both agents to bacterial surfaces, recruiting the peptide to the pathogenic membranes, and supporting membrane disruption by the peptide. Given that SLs are ubiquitously and safely used in consumer products, the SL/peptide formulation engineered and mechanistically characterized in this study could represent fertile ground to develop novel synergistic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Alexander I. Greenwood
- Department
of Applied Science, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, United States
| | - Yawei Xiong
- Department
of Applied Science, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, United States
| | - Rebecca T. Miceli
- Department
of Chemistry, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Center
for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Riqiang Fu
- Center
of Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Kyle W. Anderson
- National
Institute of Standards and Technology, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Scott A. McCallum
- Center
for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Mihaela Mihailescu
- Institute
for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Richard Gross
- Department
of Chemistry, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Center
for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Myriam L. Cotten
- Department
of Applied Science, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, United States
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5
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Wu YX, Hu SY, Lu XJ, Hu JR. Identification and characterization of two novel antimicrobial peptides from Japanese sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus) with antimicrobial activity and MO/MФ activation capability. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 145:104726. [PMID: 37149238 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Piscidins participate in the innate immune response of fish, which aims to eliminate recognized foreign microbes and restore the homeostasis of immune system. We characterized two piscidin-like antimicrobial peptides (LjPL-3 and LjPL-2) isolated from Japanese sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus). LjPL-3 and LjPL-2 showed different expression patterns in tissues. After Vibrio harveyi infection, the mRNA expression of LjPL-3 and LjPL-2 was upregulated in the liver, spleen, head kidney, and trunk kidney. The synthetic mature peptides LjPL-3 and LjPL-2 exhibited different antimicrobial spectra. Furthermore, LjPL-3 and LjPL-2 treatments decreased inflammatory cytokine production while promoting chemotaxis and phagocytosis in monocytes/macrophages (MO/MФ). LjPL-2, but not LjPL-3, displayed bacterial killing capability in MO/MФ. LjPL-3 and LjPL-2 administration increased Japanese sea bass survival after V. harveyi challenge, which was accompanied by a decline in bacterial burden. These data suggested that LjPL-3 and LjPL-2 participate in immune response through direct bacterial killing and MO/MФ activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xin Wu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China; Department of Physiology, and Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuai-Yue Hu
- Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin-Jiang Lu
- Department of Physiology, and Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Jian-Rao Hu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
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6
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Stewart L, Hong Y, Holmes IR, Firth SJ, Ahmed Y, Quinn J, Santos Y, Cobb SL, Jakubovics NS, Djoko KY. Salivary Antimicrobial Peptide Histatin-5 Does Not Display Zn(II)-Dependent or -Independent Activity against Streptococci. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:631-642. [PMID: 36826226 PMCID: PMC10012264 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Histatin-5 (Hst5) is a member of the histatin superfamily of cationic, His-rich, Zn(II)-binding peptides in human saliva. Hst5 displays antimicrobial activity against fungal and bacterial pathogens, often in a Zn(II)-dependent manner. In contrast, here we showed that under in vitro conditions that are characteristic of human saliva, Hst5 does not kill seven streptococcal species that normally colonize the human oral cavity and oropharynx. We further showed that Zn(II) does not influence this outcome. We then hypothesized that Hst5 exerts more subtle effects on streptococci by modulating Zn(II) availability. We initially proposed that Hst5 contributes to nutritional immunity by limiting nutrient Zn(II) availability and promoting bacterial Zn(II) starvation. By examining the interactions between Hst5 and Streptococcus pyogenes as a model Streptococcus species, we showed that Hst5 does not influence the expression of Zn(II) uptake genes. In addition, Hst5 did not suppress growth of a ΔadcAI mutant strain that is impaired in Zn(II) uptake. These observations establish that Hst5 does not promote Zn(II) starvation. Biochemical examination of purified peptides further confirmed that Hst5 binds Zn(II) with high micromolar affinities and does not compete with the AdcAI high-affinity Zn(II) uptake protein for binding nutrient Zn(II). Instead, we showed that Hst5 weakly limits the availability of excess Zn(II) and suppresses Zn(II) toxicity to a ΔczcD mutant strain that is impaired in Zn(II) efflux. Altogether, our findings led us to reconsider the function of Hst5 as a salivary antimicrobial agent and the role of Zn(II) in Hst5 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa
J. Stewart
- Department
of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - YoungJin Hong
- Department
of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Isabel R. Holmes
- Department
of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Samantha J. Firth
- Department
of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Yasmin Ahmed
- Biosciences
Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Janet Quinn
- Biosciences
Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Yazmin Santos
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Steven L. Cobb
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | | | - Karrera Y. Djoko
- Department
of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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7
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Faris S, Jin W, Gibson J, Murray A, Smith N, He P, Zhang F, Linhardt R, Wang C. Small-molecule compound from AlphaScreen disrupts tau-glycan interface. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1083225. [PMID: 36589242 PMCID: PMC9798536 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1083225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tauopathies are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by intracellular abnormal tau deposits in the brain. Tau aggregates can propagate from one neuron to another in a prion-like manner, mediated by the interaction between tau and cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans. We developed an AlphaScreen assay, with His-tagged tau and biotinylated heparin, to represent the tau-HS interface to target the tau-glycan interface. Using our AlphaScreen assay, with a Z-factor of 0.65, we screened ∼300 compounds and discovered a small-molecule compound (herein referred to as A9), which can disrupt the tau-heparin interaction with micromolar efficacy. A9 also effectively inhibited heparin-induced tau aggregation in Thioflavin T fluorescence assays and attenuated tau internalization by H4 neuroglioma cells. These results strongly suggest that A9 can disrupt the tau-glycan interface in both in vitro molecular and cellular environments. We further determined that A9 interacts with heparin rather than tau and does so with micromolar binding affinity as shown by nuclear magnetic resonance and surface plasmon resonance experiments. A9 binds to heparin in a manner that blocks the sites where tau binds to heparin on the cell surface. These results demonstrate our AlphaScreen method as an effective method for targeting the tau-glycan interface in drug discovery and A9 as a promising lead compound for tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Faris
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Weihua Jin
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - James Gibson
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Anqesha Murray
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Nathan Smith
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Peng He
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Robert Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Chunyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
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8
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Chen X, Wu X, Wang S. An optimized antimicrobial peptide analog acts as an antibiotic adjuvant to reverse methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. NPJ Sci Food 2022; 6:57. [PMID: 36509755 PMCID: PMC9744894 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-022-00171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The misuse of antibiotics in animal protein production has driven the emergence of a range of drug-resistant pathogens, which threaten existing public health security. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop novel antimicrobials and new infection treatment options to address the challenges posed by the dramatic spread of antibiotic resistance. Piscidins, a class of fish-specific antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), are regarded as promising therapies for biomedical applications. Progress towards potential analogs from the piscidin family has been hampered by unenforceable structural optimization strategies. Here, we leverage a strategy of bioinformatics analysis combined with molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to identify specific functional hotspots in piscidins and rationally design related analogues. As expected, this approach yields a potent and non-toxic PIS-A-1 that can be used as an antibiotic adjuvant to reverse methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pathogens. Remarkably, the structural optimization scheme and application strategy proposed here will contribute richer therapeutic options for the safe production of animal protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chen
- grid.411604.60000 0001 0130 6528College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China ,grid.411604.60000 0001 0130 6528College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- grid.411604.60000 0001 0130 6528College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China ,grid.411604.60000 0001 0130 6528College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- grid.411604.60000 0001 0130 6528College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China
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9
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Patil NP, Gómez-Hernández A, Zhang F, Cancel L, Feng X, Yan L, Xia K, Takematsu E, Yang EY, Le V, Fisher ME, Gonzalez-Rodriguez A, Garcia-Monzon C, Tunnell J, Tarbell J, Linhardt RJ, Baker AB. Rhamnan sulfate reduces atherosclerotic plaque formation and vascular inflammation. Biomaterials 2022; 291:121865. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Expression of Antimicrobic Peptide Piscidin1 in Gills Mast Cells of Giant Mudskipper Periophthalmodon schlosseri (Pallas, 1770). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213707. [PMID: 36430187 PMCID: PMC9692400 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The amphibious teleost Giant mudskipper (Periophthalmodon schlosseri, Pallas 1770) inhabit muddy plains and Asian mangrove forests. It spends more than 90% of its life outside of the water, using its skin, gills, and buccal-pharyngeal cavity mucosa to breathe in oxygen from the surrounding air. All vertebrates have been found to have mast cells (MCs), which are part of the innate immune system. These cells are mostly found in the mucous membranes of the organs that come in contact with the outside environment. According to their morphology, MCs have distinctive cytoplasmic granules that are released during the degranulation process. Additionally, these cells have antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that fight a variety of infections. Piscidins, hepcidins, defensins, cathelicidins, and histonic peptides are examples of fish AMPs. Confocal microscopy was used in this study to assess Piscidin1 expression in Giant Mudskipper branchial MCs. Our results demonstrated the presence of MCs in the gills is highly positive for Piscidin1. Additionally, colocalized MCs labeled with TLR2/5-HT and Piscidin1/5-HT supported our data. The expression of Piscidin1 in giant mudskipper MCs highlights the involvement of this peptide in the orchestration of teleost immunity, advancing the knowledge of the defense system of this fish.
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11
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Chen X, Han J, Cai X, Wang S. Antimicrobial peptides: Sustainable application informed by evolutionary constraints. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 60:108012. [PMID: 35752270 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The proliferation and global expansion of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria have deepened the need to develop novel antimicrobials. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are regarded as promising antibacterial agents because of their broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and multifaceted mechanisms of action with non-specific targets. However, if AMPs are to be applied sustainably, knowledge of how they induce resistance in pathogenic bacteria must be mastered to avoid repeating the traditional antibiotic resistance mistakes currently faced. Furthermore, the evolutionary constraints on the acquisition of AMP resistance by microorganisms in the natural environment, such as functional compatibility and fitness trade-offs, inform the translational application of AMPs. Consequently, the shortcut to achieve sustainable utilization of AMPs is to uncover the evolutionary constraints of bacteria on AMP resistance in nature and find the tricks to exploit these constraints, such as applying AMP cocktails to minimize the efficacy of selection for resistance or combining nanomaterials to maximize the costs of AMP resistance. Altogether, this review dissects the benefits, challenges, and opportunities of utilizing AMPs against disease-causing bacteria, and highlights the use of AMP cocktails or nanomaterials to proactively address potential AMP resistance crises in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China; College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Jinzhi Han
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Xixi Cai
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
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12
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Gelbach AL, Zhang F, Kwon SJ, Bates JT, Farmer AP, Dordick JS, Wang C, Linhardt RJ. Interactions between heparin and SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein RBD from omicron and other variants. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:912887. [PMID: 36046608 PMCID: PMC9420978 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.912887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Heparan sulfate (HS) acts as a co-receptor of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) by interacting with severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike glycoprotein (SGP) facilitating host cell entry of SARS-CoV-2 virus. Heparin, a highly sulfated version of heparan sulfate (HS), interacts with a variety of proteins playing key roles in many physiological and pathological processes. In this study, SARS-CoV-2 SGP receptor binding domain (RBD) wild type (WT), Delta and Omicron variants were expressed in Expi293F cells and used in the kinetic and structural analysis on their interactions with heparin. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis showed the binding kinetics of SGP RBD from WT and Delta variants were very similar while Omicron variant SGP showed a much higher association rate. The SGP from Delta and Omicron showed higher affinity (K D ) to heparin than the WT SGP. Competition SPR studies using heparin oligosaccharides indicated that binding of SGP RBDs to heparin requires chain length greater than 18. Chemically modified heparin derivatives all showed reduced interactions in competition assays suggesting that all the sulfo groups in the heparin polysaccharide were critical for binding SGP RBDs with heparin. These interactions with heparin are pH sensitive. Acidic pH (pH 6.5, 5.5, 4.5) greatly increased the binding of WT and Delta SGP RBDs to heparin, while acidic pH slightly reduced the binding of Omicron SGP RBD to heparin compared to binding at pH 7.3. In contrast, basic pH (pH 8.5) greatly reduced the binding of Omicron SGP RBDs to heparin, with much less effects on WT or Delta. The pH dependence indicates different charged residues were present at the Omicron SGP-heparin interface. Detailed kinetic and structural analysis of the interactions of SARS-CoV-2 SGP RBDs with heparin provides important information for designing anti-SARS-CoV-2 molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianne L. Gelbach
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Seok-Joon Kwon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - John T. Bates
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Andrew P. Farmer
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Jonathan S. Dordick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Chunyu Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
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13
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Chen X, Han J, Wang S. Integrated evolutionary analysis reveals the resistance risk to antimicrobial peptides in Staphylococcus aureus. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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14
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Xian W, Hennefarth MR, Lee MW, Do T, Lee EY, Alexandrova AN, Wong GCL. Histidine-Mediated Ion Specific Effects Enable Salt Tolerance of a Pore-Forming Marine Antimicrobial Peptide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202108501. [PMID: 35352449 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) preferentially permeate prokaryotic membranes via electrostatic binding and membrane remodeling. Such action is drastically suppressed by high salt due to increased electrostatic screening, thus it is puzzling how marine AMPs can possibly work. We examine as a model system, piscidin-1, a histidine-rich marine AMP, and show that ion-histidine interactions play unanticipated roles in membrane remodeling at high salt: Histidines can simultaneously hydrogen-bond to a phosphate and coordinate with an alkali metal ion to neutralize phosphate charge, thereby facilitating multidentate bonds to lipid headgroups in order to generate saddle-splay curvature, a prerequisite to pore formation. A comparison among Na+ , K+ , and Cs+ indicates that histidine-mediated salt tolerance is ion specific. We conclude that histidine plays a unique role in enabling protein/peptide-membrane interactions that occur in marine or other high-salt environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujing Xian
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Matthew R Hennefarth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michelle W Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Tran Do
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ernest Y Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Anastassia N Alexandrova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,California Nano Systems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Gerard C L Wong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,California Nano Systems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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15
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Greve JM, Cowan JA. Tackling antimicrobial stewardship through synergy and antimicrobial peptides. RSC Med Chem 2022; 13:511-521. [PMID: 35694695 PMCID: PMC9132191 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00048b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The unrestricted use of antibiotics has led to rapid development of antibiotic resistance (AR) and renewed calls to address this serious problem. This review summarizes the most common mechanisms of antibiotic action, and in turn antibiotic resistance, as well as pathways to mitigate the harm. Focus is then turned to emerging antibiotic strategies, including antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), with a discussion of their modes of action, biochemical features, and potential challenges for their use as antibiotics. The role of synergy in antimicrobials is also examined, with a focus on the synergy of AMPs and other emerging interactions with synergistic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna M Greve
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University 100 West 18th Avenue Columbus Ohio 43210 USA +1 614 292 2703
| | - James A Cowan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University 100 West 18th Avenue Columbus Ohio 43210 USA +1 614 292 2703
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16
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Xian W, Hennefarth MR, Lee MW, Do T, Lee EY, Alexandrova AN, Wong GCL. Histidine‐Mediated Ion Specific Effects Enable Salt Tolerance of a Pore‐Forming Marine Antimicrobial Peptide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wujing Xian
- Department of Bioengineering University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Matthew R. Hennefarth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Michelle W. Lee
- Department of Bioengineering University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Tran Do
- Department of Bioengineering University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Ernest Y. Lee
- Department of Bioengineering University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Anastassia N. Alexandrova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
- California Nano Systems Institute University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Gerard C. L. Wong
- Department of Bioengineering University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
- California Nano Systems Institute University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
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17
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Alesci A, Pergolizzi S, Fumia A, Calabrò C, Lo Cascio P, Lauriano ER. Mast cells in goldfish (
Carassius auratus
) gut: Immunohistochemical characterization. ACTA ZOOL-STOCKHOLM 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/azo.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Alesci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Simona Pergolizzi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Angelo Fumia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Concetta Calabrò
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Patrizia Lo Cascio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Eugenia Rita Lauriano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina Messina Italy
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18
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Potential Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity of Pentosan Polysulfate and Mucopolysaccharide Polysulfate. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020258. [PMID: 35215371 PMCID: PMC8875565 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increased prevalence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, such as Delta and Omicron, the COVID-19 pandemic has become an ongoing human health disaster, killing millions worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 invades its host through the interaction of its spike (S) protein with a host cell receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). In addition, heparan sulfate (HS) on the surface of host cells plays an important role as a co-receptor for this viral pathogen–host cell interaction. Our previous studies demonstrated that many sulfated glycans, such as heparin, fucoidans, and rhamnan sulfate have anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities. In the current study, a small library of sulfated glycans and highly negatively charged compounds, including pentosan polysulfate (PPS), mucopolysaccharide polysulfate (MPS), sulfated lactobionic acid, sulodexide, and defibrotide, was assembled and evaluated for binding to the S-proteins and inhibition of viral infectivity in vitro. These compounds inhibited the interaction of the S-protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) (wild type and different variants) with immobilized heparin, a highly sulfated HS, as determined using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). PPS and MPS showed the strongest inhibition of interaction of heparin and S-protein RBD. The competitive binding studies showed that the IC50 of PPS and MPS against the S-protein RBD binding to immobilized heparin was ~35 nM and ~9 nM, respectively, much lower than the IC50 for soluble heparin (IC50 = 56 nM). Both PPS and MPS showed stronger inhibition than heparin on the S-protein RBD or spike pseudotyped lentiviral particles binding to immobilized heparin. Finally, in an in vitro cell-based assay, PPS and MPS exhibited strong antiviral activities against pseudotyped viral particles of SARS-CoV-2 containing wild-type or Delta S-proteins.
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19
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Banik N, Yang SB, Kang TB, Lim JH, Park J. Heparin and Its Derivatives: Challenges and Advances in Therapeutic Biomolecules. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910524. [PMID: 34638867 PMCID: PMC8509054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heparin has been extensively studied as a safe medicine and biomolecule over the past few decades. Heparin derivatives, including low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) and heparin pentasaccharide, are effective anticoagulants currently used in clinical settings. They have also been studied as functional biomolecules or biomaterials for various therapeutic uses to treat diseases. Heparin, which has a similar molecular structure to heparan sulfate, can be used as a remarkable biomedicine due to its uniquely high safety and biocompatibility. In particular, it has recently drawn attention for use in drug-delivery systems, biomaterial-based tissue engineering, nanoformulations, and new drug-development systems through molecular formulas. A variety of new heparin-based biomolecules and conjugates have been developed in recent years and are currently being evaluated for use in clinical applications. This article reviews heparin derivatives recently studied in the field of drug development for the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipa Banik
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (N.B.); (S.-B.Y.); (T.-B.K.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Seong-Bin Yang
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (N.B.); (S.-B.Y.); (T.-B.K.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Tae-Bong Kang
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (N.B.); (S.-B.Y.); (T.-B.K.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Ji-Hong Lim
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (N.B.); (S.-B.Y.); (T.-B.K.); (J.-H.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
| | - Jooho Park
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (N.B.); (S.-B.Y.); (T.-B.K.); (J.-H.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
- Correspondence:
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20
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Zhang QY, Yan ZB, Meng YM, Hong XY, Shao G, Ma JJ, Cheng XR, Liu J, Kang J, Fu CY. Antimicrobial peptides: mechanism of action, activity and clinical potential. Mil Med Res 2021; 8:48. [PMID: 34496967 PMCID: PMC8425997 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-021-00343-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of bacterial infections is becoming a major clinical challenge due to the rapid evolution of antibiotic resistant bacteria. As an excellent candidate to overcome antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that are produced from the synthetic and natural sources demonstrate a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with the high specificity and low toxicity. These peptides possess distinctive structures and functions by employing sophisticated mechanisms of action. This comprehensive review provides a broad overview of AMPs from the origin, structural characteristics, mechanisms of action, biological activities to clinical applications. We finally discuss the strategies to optimize and develop AMP-based treatment as the potential antimicrobial and anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Yu Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, No. 928, Street 2, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Yan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, No. 928, Street 2, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue-Ming Meng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, No. 928, Street 2, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Hong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, No. 928, Street 2, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Shao
- Department of Oncology, The 903rd Hospital of PLA, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun-Jie Ma
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, No. 928, Street 2, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xu-Rui Cheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, No. 928, Street 2, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, 555 Mission Bay Blvd. South, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Jian Kang
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Cai-Yun Fu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, No. 928, Street 2, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China.
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21
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Miller A, Matera-Witkiewicz A, Mikołajczyk A, Wątły J, Wilcox D, Witkowska D, Rowińska-Żyrek M. Zn-Enhanced Asp-Rich Antimicrobial Peptides: N-Terminal Coordination by Zn(II) and Cu(II), Which Distinguishes Cu(II) Binding to Different Peptides. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136971. [PMID: 34203496 PMCID: PMC8267837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial activity of surfactant-associated anionic peptides (SAAPs), which are isolated from the ovine pulmonary surfactant and are selective against the ovine pathogen Mannheimia haemolytica, is strongly enhanced in the presence of Zn(II) ions. Both calorimetry and ITC measurements show that the unique Asp-only peptide SAAP3 (DDDDDDD) and its analogs SAAP2 (GDDDDDD) and SAAP6 (GADDDDD) have a similar micromolar affinity for Zn(II), which binds to the N-terminal amine and Asp carboxylates in a net entropically-driven process. All three peptides also bind Cu(II) with a net entropically-driven process but with higher affinity than they bind Zn(II) and coordination that involves the N-terminal amine and deprotonated amides as the pH increases. The parent SAAP3 binds Cu(II) with the highest affinity; however, as shown with potentiometry and absorption, CD and EPR spectroscopy, Asp residues in the first and/or second positions distinguish Cu(II) binding to SAAP3 and SAAP2 from their binding to SAAP6, decreasing the Cu(II) Lewis acidity and suppressing its square planar amide coordination by two pH units. We also show that these metal ions do not stabilize a membrane disrupting ability nor do they induce the antimicrobial activity of these peptides against a panel of human pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Miller
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.M.); (J.W.)
| | - Agnieszka Matera-Witkiewicz
- Screening Laboratory of Biological Activity Tests and Collection of Biological Material, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.M.-W.); (A.M.)
| | - Aleksandra Mikołajczyk
- Screening Laboratory of Biological Activity Tests and Collection of Biological Material, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.M.-W.); (A.M.)
| | - Joanna Wątły
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.M.); (J.W.)
| | - Dean Wilcox
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, 6128 Burke Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755, USA;
| | - Danuta Witkowska
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, 68 Katowicka St., 45-060 Opole, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.W.); (M.R.-Ż.)
| | - Magdalena Rowińska-Żyrek
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.M.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence: (D.W.); (M.R.-Ż.)
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22
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Portelinha J, Duay SS, Yu SI, Heilemann K, Libardo MDJ, Juliano SA, Klassen JL, Angeles-Boza AM. Antimicrobial Peptides and Copper(II) Ions: Novel Therapeutic Opportunities. Chem Rev 2021; 121:2648-2712. [PMID: 33524257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of new pathogens and multidrug resistant bacteria is an important public health issue that requires the development of novel classes of antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a promising platform with great potential for the identification of new lead compounds that can combat the aforementioned pathogens due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and relatively low rate of resistance emergence. AMPs of multicellular organisms made their debut four decades ago thanks to ingenious researchers who asked simple questions about the resistance to bacterial infections of insects. Questions such as "Do fruit flies ever get sick?", combined with pioneering studies, have led to an understanding of AMPs as universal weapons of the immune system. This review focuses on a subclass of AMPs that feature a metal binding motif known as the amino terminal copper and nickel (ATCUN) motif. One of the metal-based strategies of hosts facing a pathogen, it includes wielding the inherent toxicity of copper and deliberately trafficking this metal ion into sites of infection. The sudden increase in the concentration of copper ions in the presence of ATCUN-containing AMPs (ATCUN-AMPs) likely results in a synergistic interaction. Herein, we examine common structural features in ATCUN-AMPs that exist across species, and we highlight unique features that deserve additional attention. We also present the current state of knowledge about the molecular mechanisms behind their antimicrobial activity and the methods available to study this promising class of AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Portelinha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Searle S Duay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States.,Chemistry Department, Adamson University, 900 San Marcelino Street, Ermita, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Seung I Yu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, 91 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Kara Heilemann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - M Daben J Libardo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Samuel A Juliano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Jonathan L Klassen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, 91 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Alfredo M Angeles-Boza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States.,Institute of Material Science, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
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23
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Webber JL, Namivandi-Zangeneh R, Drozdek S, Wilk KA, Boyer C, Wong EHH, Bradshaw-Hajek BH, Krasowska M, Beattie DA. Incorporation and antimicrobial activity of nisin Z within carrageenan/chitosan multilayers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1690. [PMID: 33462270 PMCID: PMC7814039 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79702-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
An antimicrobial peptide, nisin Z, was embedded within polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) composed of natural polysaccharides in order to explore the potential of forming a multilayer with antimicrobial properties. Using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FTIR), the formation of carrageenan/chitosan multilayers and the inclusion of nisin Z in two different configurations was investigated. Approximately 0.89 µg cm-2 nisin Z was contained within a 4.5 bilayer film. The antimicrobial properties of these films were also investigated. The peptide containing films were able to kill over 90% and 99% of planktonic and biofilm cells, respectively, against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains compared to control films. Additionally, surface topography and wettability studies using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and the captive bubble technique revealed that surface roughness and hydrophobicity was similar for both nisin containing multilayers. This suggests that the antimicrobial efficacy of the peptide is unaffected by its location within the multilayer. Overall, these results demonstrate the potential to embed and protect natural antimicrobials within a multilayer to create functionalised coatings that may be desired by industry, such as in the food, biomaterials, and pharmaceutical industry sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie L Webber
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Rashin Namivandi-Zangeneh
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Sławomir Drozdek
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
- Department of Engineering and Technology of Chemical Processes, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kazimiera A Wilk
- Department of Engineering and Technology of Chemical Processes, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Edgar H H Wong
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | | | - Marta Krasowska
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia.
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia.
| | - David A Beattie
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia.
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia.
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Kim SY, Zhang F, Harris DA, Linhardt RJ. Structural Features of Heparin and Its Interactions With Cellular Prion Protein Measured by Surface Plasmon Resonance. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:594497. [PMID: 33324681 PMCID: PMC7726446 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.594497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-propagating form of the prion protein (PrP Sc ) causes many neurodegenerative diseases, such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS). Heparin is a highly sulfated linear glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and is composed of alternating D-glucosamine and L-iduronic acid or D-glucuronic acid sugar residues. The interactions of heparin with various proteins in a domain-specific or charged-dependent manner provide key roles on many physiological and pathological processes. While GAG-PrP interactions had been previously reported, the specific glycan structures that facilitate interactions with different regions of PrP and their binding kinetics have not been systematically investigated. In this study, we performed direct binding surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay to characterize the kinetics of heparin binding to four recombinant murine PrP constructs including full length (M23-230), a deletion mutant lacking the four histidine-containing octapeptide repeats (M23-230 Δ59-90), the isolated N-terminal domain (M23-109), and the isolated C-terminal domain (M90-230). Additionally, we found the specific structural determinants required for GAG binding to the four PrP constructs with chemically defined derivatives of heparin and other GAGs by an SPR competition assay. Our findings may be instrumental in developing designer GAGs for specific targets within the PrP to fine-tune biological and pathophysiological activities of PrP.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.,VA San Diego Healthcare System, Medical and Research Sections, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - David A Harris
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biological Science and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
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Sandhu G, Morrow MR, Booth V. Roles of histidine charge and cardiolipin in membrane disruption by antimicrobial peptides Gaduscidin-1 and Gaduscidin-2. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183444. [PMID: 32822647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gad-1 and Gad-2 are helical, histidine-rich antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from paralogous genes in cod. 15N and 2H solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were used to characterize their lipid-bound structures and lipid interactions. Gad-1 was found to position in-plane in POPC: POPG bilayers. Gad-1 displayed greater effects than Gad-2 on lipid acyl chain order of POPE: POPG and POPE: POPG: CL bilayers, in keeping with its greater activity against E. coli. The effect of Gad-1 and Gad-2 on lipid bilayer order was only weakly affected by changes in pH, and hence changes in histidine charge. This was somewhat surprising for Gad-2 as this peptide's biological activity has been shown to be greater at low pH and thus the finding may point to the existence of functional interactions with non-lipid components of bacteria. The incorporation of cardiolipin into POPE: POPG bilayers in such a way as to preserve the overall charge of the bilayers did not alter Gad-1's effects on lipid acyl chain order parameters, which report on motions on the 10-5 s timescale. When cardiolipin and Gad-1 were both present, there were subtle changes on membrane dynamics at other timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Sandhu
- Department of Physics and Physical Oceanography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Michael R Morrow
- Department of Physics and Physical Oceanography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Valerie Booth
- Department of Physics and Physical Oceanography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
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26
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Kim SY, Jin W, Sood A, Montgomery DW, Grant OC, Fuster MM, Fu L, Dordick JS, Woods RJ, Zhang F, Linhardt RJ. Characterization of heparin and severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike glycoprotein binding interactions. Antiviral Res 2020; 181:104873. [PMID: 32653452 PMCID: PMC7347485 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in a pandemic and continues to spread around the globe at an unprecedented rate. To date, no effective therapeutic is available to fight its associated disease, COVID-19. Our discovery of a novel insertion of glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-binding motif at S1/S2 proteolytic cleavage site (681-686 (PRRARS)) and two other GAG-binding-like motifs within SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (SGP) led us to hypothesize that host cell surface GAGs may interact SARS-CoV-2 SGPs to facilitate host cell entry. Using a surface plasmon resonance direct binding assay, we found that both monomeric and trimeric SARS-CoV-2 SGP bind more tightly to immobilized heparin (KD = 40 pM and 73 pM, respectively) than the SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV SGPs (500 nM and 1 nM, respectively). In competitive binding studies, the IC50 of heparin, tri-sulfated non-anticoagulant heparan sulfate, and non-anticoagulant low molecular weight heparin against SARS-CoV-2 SGP binding to immobilized heparin were 0.056 μM, 0.12 μM, and 26.4 μM, respectively. Finally, unbiased computational ligand docking indicates that heparan sulfate interacts with the GAG-binding motif at the S1/S2 site on each monomer interface in the trimeric SARS-CoV-2 SGP, and at another site (453-459 (YRLFRKS)) when the receptor-binding domain is in an open conformation. The current study serves a foundation to further investigate biological roles of GAGs in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. Furthermore, our findings may provide additional basis for further heparin-based interventions for COVID-19 patients exhibiting thrombotic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; VA San Diego Healthcare System, Medical and Research Sections, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Weihua Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Amika Sood
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David W Montgomery
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Oliver C Grant
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Mark M Fuster
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; VA San Diego Healthcare System, Medical and Research Sections, La Jolla, CA, USA; Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan S Dordick
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Robert J Woods
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA.
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA; Department of Biological Science, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA; Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA.
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27
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Paredes SD, Kim S, Rooney MT, Greenwood AI, Hristova K, Cotten ML. Enhancing the membrane activity of Piscidin 1 through peptide metallation and the presence of oxidized lipid species: Implications for the unification of host defense mechanisms at lipid membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Evaluating Heparin Products for Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia Using Surface Plasmon Resonance. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:975-980. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Comert F, Greenwood A, Maramba J, Acevedo R, Lucas L, Kulasinghe T, Cairns LS, Wen Y, Fu R, Hammer J, Blazyk J, Sukharev S, Cotten ML, Mihailescu M. The host-defense peptide piscidin P1 reorganizes lipid domains in membranes and decreases activation energies in mechanosensitive ion channels. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:18557-18570. [PMID: 31619519 PMCID: PMC6901303 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The host-defense peptide (HDP) piscidin 1 (P1), isolated from the mast cells of striped bass, has potent activities against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and cancer cells and can also modulate the activity of membrane receptors. Given its broad pharmacological potential, here we used several approaches to better understand its interactions with multicomponent bilayers representing models of bacterial (phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)/phosphatidylglycerol) and mammalian (phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol (PC/Chol)) membranes. Using solid-state NMR, we solved the structure of P1 bound to PC/Chol and compared it with that of P3, a less potent homolog. The comparison disclosed that although both peptides are interfacially bound and α-helical, they differ in bilayer orientations and depths of insertion, and these differences depend on bilayer composition. Although Chol is thought to make mammalian membranes less susceptible to HDP-mediated destabilization, we found that Chol does not affect the permeabilization effects of P1. X-ray diffraction experiments revealed that both piscidins produce a demixing effect in PC/Chol membranes by increasing the fraction of the Chol-depleted phase. Furthermore, P1 increased the temperature required for the lamellar-to-hexagonal phase transition in PE bilayers, suggesting that it imposes positive membrane curvature. Patch-clamp measurements on the inner Escherichia coli membrane showed that P1 and P3, at concentrations sufficient for antimicrobial activity, substantially decrease the activating tension for bacterial mechanosensitive channels. This indicated that piscidins can cause lipid redistribution and restructuring in the microenvironment near proteins. We conclude that the mechanism of piscidin's antimicrobial activity extends beyond simple membrane destabilization, helping to rationalize its broader spectrum of pharmacological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Comert
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Alexander Greenwood
- Department of Applied Science, William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185
| | - Joseph Maramba
- Biology Department, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Roderico Acevedo
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Laura Lucas
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Thulasi Kulasinghe
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Leah S Cairns
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Yi Wen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Riqiang Fu
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310
| | - Janet Hammer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701
| | - Jack Blazyk
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701
| | - Sergei Sukharev
- Biology Department, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Myriam L Cotten
- Department of Applied Science, William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185.
| | - Mihaela Mihailescu
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850.
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30
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Oludiran A, Courson DS, Stuart MD, Radwan AR, Poutsma JC, Cotten ML, Purcell EB. How Oxygen Availability Affects the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Host Defense Peptides: Lessons Learned from Studying the Copper-Binding Peptides Piscidins 1 and 3. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215289. [PMID: 31653020 PMCID: PMC6862162 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of new therapeutic options against Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection is a critical public health concern, as the causative bacterium is highly resistant to multiple classes of antibiotics. Antimicrobial host-defense peptides (HDPs) are highly effective at simultaneously modulating the immune system function and directly killing bacteria through membrane disruption and oxidative damage. The copper-binding HDPs piscidin 1 and piscidin 3 have previously shown potent antimicrobial activity against a number of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial species but have never been investigated in an anaerobic environment. Synergy between piscidins and metal ions increases bacterial killing aerobically. Here, we performed growth inhibition and time-kill assays against C. difficile showing that both piscidins suppress proliferation of C. difficile by killing bacterial cells. Microscopy experiments show that the peptides accumulate at sites of membrane curvature. We find that both piscidins are effective against epidemic C. difficile strains that are highly resistant to other stresses. Notably, copper does not enhance piscidin activity against C. difficile. Thus, while antimicrobial activity of piscidin peptides is conserved in aerobic and anaerobic settings, the peptide-copper interaction depends on environmental oxygen to achieve its maximum potency. The development of pharmaceuticals from HDPs such as piscidin will necessitate consideration of oxygen levels in the targeted tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adenrele Oludiran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
| | - David S Courson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
| | - Malia D Stuart
- Biology Department, Palomar College, San Marcos, CA 92069, USA.
| | - Anwar R Radwan
- Department of Chemistry, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA.
| | - John C Poutsma
- Department of Chemistry, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA.
| | - Myriam L Cotten
- Department of Applied Science, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA.
| | - Erin B Purcell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
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31
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Comparison of the Interactions of Different Growth Factors and Glycosaminoglycans. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183360. [PMID: 31527407 PMCID: PMC6767211 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Most growth factors are naturally occurring proteins, which are signaling molecules implicated in cellular multiple functions such as proliferation, migration and differentiation under patho/physiological conditions by interacting with cell surface receptors and other ligands in the extracellular microenvironment. Many of the growth factors are heparin-binding proteins (HBPs) that have a high affinity for cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG). In the present study, we report the binding kinetics and affinity of heparin interacting with different growth factors, including fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 2,7,10, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF β-1), using a heparin chip. Surface plasmon resonance studies revealed that all the tested growth factors bind to heparin with high affinity (with KD ranging from ~0.1 to 59 nM) and all the interactions are oligosaccharide size dependent except those involving TGF β-1. These heparin-binding growth factors also interact with other glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), as well as various chemically modified heparins. Other GAGs, including heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfates A, B, C, D, E and keratan sulfate, showed different inhibition activities for the growth factor-heparin interactions. FGF2, FGF7, FGF10 and HGF bind heparin but the 2-O-sulfo and 6-O-sulfo groups on heparin have less impact on these interactions than do the N-sulfo groups. All the three sulfo groups (N-, 2-O and 6-O) on heparin are important for TGFβ-1-heparin interaction.
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32
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Wang G. The antimicrobial peptide database provides a platform for decoding the design principles of naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides. Protein Sci 2019; 29:8-18. [PMID: 31361941 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This article is written for the 2020 tool issue of Protein Science. It briefly introduces the widely used antimicrobial peptide database, initially online in 2003. After a description of the main features of each database version and some recent additions, the focus is on the peptide design parameters for each of the four unified classes of natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). The amino acid signature in AMPs varies substantially, leading to a variety of structures for functional and mechanistic diversity. Also, Nature is a master of combinatorial chemistry by deploying different amino acids onto the same structural scaffold to tune peptide functions. In addition, the single-domain AMPs may be posttranslationally modified, self-assembled, or combined with other AMPs for function. Elucidation of the design principles of natural AMPs will facilitate future development of novel molecules for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangshun Wang
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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33
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Chemotactic Ligands that Activate G-Protein-Coupled Formylpeptide Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143426. [PMID: 31336833 PMCID: PMC6678346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte infiltration is a hallmark of inflammatory responses. This process depends on the bacterial and host tissue-derived chemotactic factors interacting with G-protein-coupled seven-transmembrane receptors (GPCRs) expressed on the cell surface. Formylpeptide receptors (FPRs in human and Fprs in mice) belong to the family of chemoattractant GPCRs that are critical mediators of myeloid cell trafficking in microbial infection, inflammation, immune responses and cancer progression. Both murine Fprs and human FPRs participate in many patho-physiological processes due to their expression on a variety of cell types in addition to myeloid cells. FPR contribution to numerous pathologies is in part due to its capacity to interact with a plethora of structurally diverse chemotactic ligands. One of the murine Fpr members, Fpr2, and its endogenous agonist peptide, Cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP), control normal mouse colon epithelial growth, repair and protection against inflammation-associated tumorigenesis. Recent developments in FPR (Fpr) and ligand studies have greatly expanded the scope of these receptors and ligands in host homeostasis and disease conditions, therefore helping to establish these molecules as potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Glycosaminoglycans compositional analysis of Urodele axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) and Porcine Retina. Glycoconj J 2019; 36:165-174. [PMID: 30963354 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-019-09863-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Retinal degenerative diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP), are major causes of blindness worldwide. Humans cannot regenerate retina, however, axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum), a laboratory-bred salamander, can regenerate retinal tissue throughout adulthood. Classic signaling pathways, including fibroblast growth factor (FGF), are involved in axolotl regeneration. Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) interaction with FGF is required for signal transduction in this pathway. GAGs are anionic polysaccharides in extracellular matrix (ECM) that have been implicated in limb and lens regeneration of amphibians, however, GAGs have not been investigated in the context of retinal regeneration. GAG composition is characterized native and decellularized axolotl and porcine retina using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Pig was used as a mammalian vertebrate model without the ability to regenerate retina. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) was the main retinal GAG, followed by heparan sulfate (HS), hyaluronic acid, and keratan sulfate in both native and decellularized axolotl and porcine retina. Axolotl retina exhibited a distinctive GAG composition pattern in comparison with porcine retina, including a higher content of hyaluronic acid. In CS, higher levels of 4- and 6- O-sulfation were observed in axolotl retina. The HS composition was greater in decellularized tissues in both axolotl and porcine retina by 7.1% and 15.4%, respectively, and different sulfation patterns were detected in axolotl. Our findings suggest a distinctive GAG composition profile of the axolotl retina set foundation for role of GAGs in homeostatic and regenerative conditions of the axolotl retina and may further our understanding of retinal regenerative models.
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Stevenson MJ, Uyeda KS, Harder NHO, Heffern MC. Metal-dependent hormone function: the emerging interdisciplinary field of metalloendocrinology. Metallomics 2019; 11:85-110. [PMID: 30270362 PMCID: PMC10249669 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00221e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
For over 100 years, there has been an incredible amount of knowledge amassed concerning hormones in the endocrine system and their central role in human health. Hormones represent a diverse group of biomolecules that are released by glands, communicate signals to their target tissue, and are regulated by feedback loops to maintain organism health. Many disease states, such as diabetes and reproductive disorders, stem from misregulation or dysfunction of hormones. Increasing research is illuminating the intricate roles of metal ions in the endocrine system where they may act advantageously in concert with hormones or deleteriously catalyze hormone-associated disease states. As the critical role of metal ions in the endocrine system becomes more apparent, it is increasingly important to untangle the complex mechanisms underlying the connections between inorganic biochemistry and hormone function to understand and control endocrinological phenomena. This tutorial review harmonizes the interdisciplinary fields of endocrinology and inorganic chemistry in the newly-termed field of "metalloendocrinology". We describe examples linking metals to both normal and aberrant hormone function with a focus on highlighting insight to molecular mechanisms. Hormone activities related to both essential metal micronutrients, such as copper, iron, zinc, and calcium, and disruptive nonessential metals, such as lead and cadmium are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Stevenson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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