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Wu R, Xiong R, Li Y, Chen J, Yan R. Gut microbiome, metabolome, host immunity associated with inflammatory bowel disease and intervention of fecal microbiota transplantation. J Autoimmun 2023; 141:103062. [PMID: 37246133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis has been associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases. The microbial communities play essential roles in host physiology, with profound effects on immune homeostasis, directly or via their metabolites and/or components. There are increasing clinical trials applying fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The restoration of dysbiotic gut microbiome is considered as one of the mechanisms of FMT therapy. In this work, latest advances in the alterations in gut microbiome and metabolome features in IBD patients and experimental mechanistic understanding on their contribution to the immune dysfunction were reviewed. Then, the therapeutic outcomes of FMT on IBD were summarized based on clinical remission, endoscopic remission and histological remission of 27 clinical trials retrieved from PubMed which have been registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with the results been published in the past 10 years. Although FMT is established as an effective therapy for both subtypes of IBD, the promising outcomes are not always achieved. Among the 27 studies, only 11 studies performed gut microbiome profiling, 5 reported immune response alterations and 3 carried out metabolome analysis. Generally, FMT partially restored typical changes in IBD, resulted in increased α-diversity and species richness in responders and similar but less pronounced shifts of patient microbial and metabolomics profiles toward donor profiles. Measurements of immune responses to FMT mainly focused on T cells and revealed divergent effects on pro-/anti-inflammatory functions. The very limited information and the extremely confounding factors in the designs of the FMT trials significantly hindered a reasonable conclusion on the mechanistic involvement of gut microbiota and metabolites in clinical outcomes and an analysis of the inconsistencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Rui Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Junru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Ru Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
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2
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Stankevic E, Israelsen M, Juel HB, Madsen AL, Ängquist L, Aldiss PSJ, Torp N, Johansen S, Hansen CD, Hansen JK, Thorhauge KH, Lindvig KP, Madsen BS, Sulek K, Legido-Quigley C, Thiele MS, Krag A, Hansen T. Binge drinking episode causes acute, specific alterations in systemic and hepatic inflammation-related markers. Liver Int 2023; 43:2680-2691. [PMID: 37592403 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frequent binge drinking is a known contributor to alcohol-related harm, but its impact on systemic and hepatic inflammation is not fully understood. We hypothesize that changes in immune markers play a central role in adverse effects of acute alcohol intake, especially in patients with early liver disease. AIM To investigate the effects of acute alcohol intoxication on inflammation-related markers in hepatic and systemic venous plasma in people with alcohol-related liver disease (ArLD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and healthy controls. METHODS Thirty-eight participants (13 with ArLD, 15 with NAFLD and 10 healthy controls) received 2.5 mL of 40% ethanol per kg body weight via a nasogastric tube. Seventy-two inflammation-related markers were quantified in plasma from hepatic and systemic venous blood, at baseline, 60 and 180 min after intervention. RESULTS Alcohol intervention altered the levels of 31 of 72 and 14 of 72 markers in the systemic and hepatic circulation. All changes observed in the hepatic circulation were also identified in the systemic circulation after 180 min. Only FGF21 and IL6 were increased after alcohol intervention, while the remaining 29 markers decreased. Differences in response to acute alcohol between the groups were observed for 8 markers, and FGF21 response was blunted in individuals with steatosis. CONCLUSION Acute alcohol intoxication induced changes in multiple inflammation-related markers, implicated in alcohol metabolism and hepatocellular damage. Differences identified between marker response to binge drinking in ArLD, NAFLD and healthy controls may provide important clues to disease mechanisms and potential targets for treatment. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER NCT03018990.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Stankevic
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Israelsen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Helene Baek Juel
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Lundager Madsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Ängquist
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Stuart Jacob Aldiss
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj Torp
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Stine Johansen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Camilla Dalby Hansen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Johanne Kragh Hansen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Katrine Holtz Thorhauge
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Katrine Prier Lindvig
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Bjørn Staehr Madsen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | | | | | - Maja Sofie Thiele
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Aleksander Krag
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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3
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Song WS, Jo SH, Lee JS, Kwon JE, Park JH, Kim YR, Baek JH, Kim MG, Kwon SY, Kim YG. Multiomics analysis reveals the biological effects of live Roseburia intestinalis as a high-butyrate-producing bacterium in human intestinal epithelial cells. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2300180. [PMID: 37596881 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Butyrate-producing bacteria play a key role in human health, and recent studies have triggered interest in their development as next-generation probiotics. However, there remains limited knowledge not only on the identification of high-butyrate-producing bacteria in the human gut but also in the metabolic capacities for prebiotic carbohydrates and their interaction with the host. Herein, it was discovered that Roseburia intestinalis produces higher levels of butyrate and digests a wider variety of prebiotic polysaccharide structures compared with other human major butyrate-producing bacteria (Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and Roseburia hominis). Moreover, R. intestinalis extracts upregulated the mRNA expression of tight junction proteins (TJP1, OCLN, and CLDN3) in human intestinal epithelial cells more than other butyrate-producing bacteria. R. intestinalis was cultured with human intestinal epithelial cells in the mimetic intestinal host-microbe interaction coculture system to explore the health-promoting effects using multiomics approaches. Consequently, it was discovered that live R. intestinalis only enhances purine metabolism and the oxidative pathway, increasing adenosine triphosphate levels in human intestinal epithelial cells, but that heat-killed bacteria had no effect. Therefore, this study proposes that R. intestinalis has potentially high value as a next-generation probiotic to promote host intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Suk Song
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Jo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seung Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyeon Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Rim Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Baek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Gyu Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Young Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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4
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Guedes BFS, Cardoso SM, Esteves AR. The Impact of microRNAs on Mitochondrial Function and Immunity: Relevance to Parkinson's Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051349. [PMID: 37239020 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, is characterised by the severe loss of dopaminergic neurons in the Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and by the presence of Lewy bodies. PD is diagnosed upon the onset of motor symptoms, such as bradykinesia, resting tremor, rigidity, and postural instability. It is currently accepted that motor symptoms are preceded by non-motor features, such as gastrointestinal dysfunction. In fact, it has been proposed that PD might start in the gut and spread to the central nervous system. Growing evidence reports that the gut microbiota, which has been found to be altered in PD patients, influences the function of the central and enteric nervous systems. Altered expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in PD patients has also been reported, many of which regulate key pathological mechanisms involved in PD pathogenesis, such as mitochondrial dysfunction and immunity. It remains unknown how gut microbiota regulates brain function; however, miRNAs have been highlighted as important players. Remarkably, numerous studies have depicted the ability of miRNAs to modulate and be regulated by the host's gut microbiota. In this review, we summarize the experimental and clinical studies implicating mitochondrial dysfunction and immunity in PD. Moreover, we gather recent data on miRNA involvement in these two processes. Ultimately, we discuss the reciprocal crosstalk between gut microbiota and miRNAs. Studying the bidirectional interaction of gut microbiome-miRNA might elucidate the aetiology and pathogenesis of gut-first PD, which could lead to the application of miRNAs as potential biomarkers or therapeutical targets for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz F S Guedes
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology and CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra Morais Cardoso
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology and CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Raquel Esteves
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology and CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- IIIUC-Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
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5
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Liu X, Qiu X, Yang Y, Wang J, Wang Q, Liu J, Yang F, Liu Z, Qi R. Alteration of gut microbiome and metabolome by Clostridium butyricum can repair the intestinal dysbiosis caused by antibiotics in mice. iScience 2023; 26:106190. [PMID: 36895644 PMCID: PMC9988658 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the repair effects of Clostridium butyricum (CBX 2021) on the antibiotic (ABX)-induced intestinal dysbiosis in mice by the multi-omics method. Results showed that ABX eliminated more than 90% of cecal bacteria and also exerted adverse effects on the intestinal structure and overall health in mice after 10 days of the treatment. Of interest, supplementing CBX 2021 in the mice for the next 10 days colonized more butyrate-producing bacteria and accelerated butyrate production compared with the mice by natural recovery. The reconstruction of intestinal microbiota efficiently promoted the improvement of the damaged gut morphology and physical barrier in the mice. In addition, CBX 2021 significantly reduced the content of disease-related metabolites and meanwhile promoted carbohydrate digestion and absorption in mice followed the microbiome alternation. In conclusion, CBX 2021 can repair the intestinal ecology of mice damaged by the antibiotics through reconstructing gut microbiota and optimizing metabolic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Xiaoyu Qiu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China.,National Pig Technology Innovation Center, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Yong Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China.,National Pig Technology Innovation Center, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China.,National Pig Technology Innovation Center, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Feiyun Yang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China.,National Pig Technology Innovation Center, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Zuohua Liu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China.,National Pig Technology Innovation Center, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Renli Qi
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China.,National Pig Technology Innovation Center, Chongqing 402460, China
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6
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Tanelian A, Nankova B, Cheriyan A, Arens C, Hu F, Sabban EL. Differences in gut microbiota associated with stress resilience and susceptibility to single prolonged stress in female rodents. Neurobiol Stress 2023; 24:100533. [PMID: 36970450 PMCID: PMC10034505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to traumatic stress is a major risk factor for the development of neuropsychiatric disorders in a subpopulation of individuals, whereas others remain resilient. The determinants of resilience and susceptibility remain unclear. Here, we aimed to characterize the microbial, immunological, and molecular differences between stress-susceptible and stress-resilient female rats before and after exposure to a traumatic experience. Animals were randomly divided into unstressed controls (n = 10) and experimental groups (n = 16) exposed to Single Prolonged Stress (SPS), an animal model of PTSD. Fourteen days later, all rats underwent a battery of behavioral tests and were sacrificed the following day to collect different organs. Stool samples were collected before and after SPS. Behavioral analyses revealed divergent responses to SPS. The SPS treated animals were further subdivided into SPS-resilient (SPS-R) and SPS-susceptible (SPS-S) subgroups. Comparative analysis of fecal 16S sequencing before and after SPS exposure indicated significant differences in the gut microbial composition, functionality, and metabolites of the SPS-R and SPS-S subgroups. In line with the observed distinct behavioral phenotypes, the SPS-S subgroup displayed higher blood-brain barrier permeability and neuroinflammation relative to the SPS-R and/or controls. These results indicate, for the first time, pre-existing and trauma-induced differences in the gut microbial composition and functionality of female rats that relate to their ability to cope with traumatic stress. Further characterization of these factors will be crucial for understanding susceptibility and fostering resilience, especially in females, who are more likely than males to develop mood disorders.
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7
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Ninomiya I, Yamatoya K, Mashimo K, Matsuda A, Usui-Ouchi A, Araki Y, Ebihara N. Role of Oncostatin M in the Pathogenesis of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis: Focus on the Barrier Function of the Epithelium and Interleukin-33 Production by Fibroblasts. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:26. [PMID: 36580308 PMCID: PMC9804018 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.13.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a severe, recurrent allergic conjunctivitis. Previously, we found high concentrations of oncostatin M (OSM) in the tears of patients with VKC. Here, we investigated the role of OSM in VKC by focusing on epithelial barrier function and IL-33 production. Methods To assess the effect of OSM on the barrier function of human conjunctival epithelial cells (HConEpiCs), we measured transepithelial electrical resistance and dextran permeability. We also assessed expression of tight junction-related proteins such as E-cadherin and ZO-1 in HConEpiCs by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Then we used immunohistochemistry to evaluate expression of Ki-67, E-cadherin, epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related proteins, and IL-33 in giant papillae (GPs) from patients with VKC. In addition, we used Western blotting, microarray, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to examine whether OSM activates signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) or STAT3 and induces the expression of various genes in human conjunctival fibroblasts (HConFs). Results OSM reduced expression of E-cadherin and ZO-1 in HConEpiCs, indicating barrier dysfunction. In immunohistochemistry, Ki-67 expression was present in the lower epithelial layer of the GPs, and E-cadherin expression was reduced in the superficial and lower layers; double staining revealed that GPs had a high number of fibroblasts expressing IL-33. In addition, in HConFs, OSM phosphorylated both STAT1 and STAT3 and induced IL-33. Conclusions OSM has important roles in severe, prolonged allergic inflammation by inducing epithelial barrier dysfunction and IL-33 production by conjunctival fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishin Ninomiya
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan,Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenji Yamatoya
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keitaro Mashimo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Matsuda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumi Usui-Ouchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Araki
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Ebihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan,Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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8
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Shen Z, Luo W, Tan B, Nie K, Deng M, Wu S, Xiao M, Wu X, Meng X, Tong T, Zhang C, Ma K, Liao Y, Xu J, Wang X. Roseburia intestinalis stimulates TLR5-dependent intestinal immunity against Crohn's disease. EBioMedicine 2022; 85:104285. [PMID: 36182776 PMCID: PMC9526137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Methods Findings Interpretation Funding
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Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals the Protection of Gasdermin D in Concanavalin A-Induced Autoimmune Hepatitis. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0171722. [PMID: 35972273 PMCID: PMC9602755 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01717-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a progressive inflammation-associated liver injury. Pyroptosis is a novel inflammatory programmed cell death wherein gasdermin D (GSDMD) serves as the executioner. Our work challenged Gsdmd-/- mice with concanavalin A (ConA) to try to unveil the actual role of GSDMD in AIH. After ConA injection, Gsdmd-/- mice exhibited more severe liver damage characterized by a lower survival rate, more extensive hepatocyte necrosis and apoptosis, and higher serum transaminase levels, indicating the protection of GSDMD in ConA-induced AIH. Furthermore, the Gsdmd-/- mice exhibited higher hepatic expression and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (gamma interferon [IFN-γ], tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], and interleukin-17A [IL-17A]) and more infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils after ConA treatment than did wild-type (WT) mice. Gsdmd-/- mice with AIH showed increased hepatic l-glutamine levels but decreased glycerophospholipid metabolites levels. L-glutamine levels showed positive correlations while glycerophospholipid metabolites showed negative associations with liver injury indexes and inflammation markers. We further observed a destroyed intestinal barrier in Gsdmd-/- mice after ConA injection as indicated by decreased transcriptional expressions of Tjp1, Ocln, Reg3g, and Muc2. ConA-treated Gsdmd-/- mice also exhibited higher serum LPS binding protein (LBP) concentrations and hepatic Tlr4 and Cd14 mRNA levels. Further fecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing demonstrated decreased relative abundances of Lactobacillus and Roseburia but increased relative abundances of Allobaculum and Dubosiella in Gsdmd-/- mice with AIH. Lactobacillus was negatively correlated with liver injury and inflammation indexes and positively associated with Ocln, Muc2, and Reg3g levels. Allobaculum was positively related to liver injury and inflammatory cytokines and negatively correlated with gut barrier indexes. IMPORTANCE Our study provides the first direct clues to the protective role of gasdermin D (GSDMD) in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). We demonstrated that Gsdmd knockout exacerbated concanavalin A (ConA)-induced AIH in mice. It may be due to the destroyed intestinal barrier and changes in certain intestinal microbes and hepatic metabolites resulting in increased liver injury and inflammation in ConA-treated Gsdmd-/- mice. This finding suggested a nonnegligible role of GSDMD in AIH and also confirmed its physiological nonpyroptosis effects on the host. The role of GSDMD in autoimmune liver diseases or other liver diseases is complex and intriguing, deserving deep investigation.
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Lu CL, Lee BH, Ren YL, Ji D, Rao SQ, Li HX, Yang ZQ. Effects of exopolysaccharides from Antrodia cinnamomea on inflammation and intestinal microbiota disturbance induced by antibiotics in mice. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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11
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Abdugheni R, Wang YJ, Li DH, Du MX, Liu C, Zhou N, Liu SJ. Pararoseburia lenta gen. nov., sp. nov. isolated from human faeces. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A strictly anaerobic, motile bacterium, designated as strain NSJ-9T, was isolated from human faeces. Cells were Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, non-pigmented, and spiral-shaped or slightly curved rods with flagella. Optimal growth in M2GSC medium was observed at 37 °C (growth range 30–45 °C) and pH 6.5–7.0 (growth range 6.5–7.5) under anaerobic conditions. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene revealed that strain NSJ-9T formed a distinct phylogenetic lineage that reflects a new genus in the family
Lachnospiraceae
, with high levels of similarity to
Roseburia hominis
A2-183T (95.2 %),
Roseburia cecicola
ATCC 33874T (95.2 %),
Pseudobutyrivibrio ruminis
DSM 9787T (95.2 %),
Pseudobutyrivibrio xylanivorans
MZ 5T (94.8%) and
Roseburia faecis
M72/1T (94.4 %). Genomic similarity (average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization) values between strain NSJ-9T and its phylogenetic neighbours were below 71 and 31 %, respectively, indicating that strain NSJ-9T represented a novel species. The average amino acid identity and the percentage of conserved proteins between strain NSJ-9T and other related members of the family
Lachnospiraceae
were below 63 and 50 %, respectively, supporting that strain NSJ-9T was a member of a new genus. The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain NSJ-9T were C16 : 0 and C17 : 0 2-OH, and major polar lipids were glycolipids. The end products of glucose fermentation were acetate, propionate, iso-butyrate, butyrate and valerate. Phylogenetic and phylogenomic lineage, pairwise determined genome identity analysis suggested that strain NSJ-9T represents a novel genus in the family
Lachnospiraceae
. The genome size of strain NSJ-9T is 2.56 Mbp with 44.9 mol% G+C content. Collectively, the genotypic and phenotypic differences between phylogenetic relatives suggested strain NSJ-9T represented a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Pararoseburia lenta gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Pararoseburia lenta is NSJ-9T (=CGMCC 1.32469T=KCTC 15957T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashidin Abdugheni
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Environmental Microbiology Research Center (EMRC), Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Yu-Jing Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Environmental Microbiology Research Center (EMRC), Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Dan-Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Environmental Microbiology Research Center (EMRC), Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Meng-Xuan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Environmental Microbiology Research Center (EMRC), Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Nan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Environmental Microbiology Research Center (EMRC), Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Shuang-Jiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Environmental Microbiology Research Center (EMRC), Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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12
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Lu Y, Yuan X, Wang M, He Z, Li H, Wang J, Li Q. Gut microbiota influence immunotherapy responses: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:47. [PMID: 35488243 PMCID: PMC9052532 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01273-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota have long been recognized to play a key role in human health and disease. Currently, several lines of evidence from preclinical to clinical research have gradually established that the gut microbiota can modulate antitumor immunity and affect the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Deciphering the underlying mechanisms reveals that the gut microbiota reprogram the immunity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) by engaging innate and/or adaptive immune cells. Notably, one of the primary modes by which the gut microbiota modulate antitumor immunity is by means of metabolites, which are small molecules that could spread from their initial location of the gut and impact local and systemic antitumor immune response to promote ICI efficiency. Mechanistic exploration provides novel insights for developing rational microbiota-based therapeutic strategies by manipulating gut microbiota, such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), probiotics, engineered microbiomes, and specific microbial metabolites, to augment the efficacy of ICI and advance the age utilization of microbiota precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Lu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiangliang Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhihao He
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hongzhong Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Ji Wang
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
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13
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Nie K, Ma K, Luo W, Shen Z, Yang Z, Xiao M, Tong T, Yang Y, Wang X. Roseburia intestinalis: A Beneficial Gut Organism From the Discoveries in Genus and Species. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:757718. [PMID: 34881193 PMCID: PMC8647967 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.757718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Roseburia intestinalis is an anaerobic, Gram-positive, slightly curved rod-shaped flagellated bacterium that produces butyrate in the colon. R. intestinalis has been shown to prevent intestinal inflammation and maintain energy homeostasis by producing metabolites. Evidence shows that this bacterium contributes to various diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, antiphospholipid syndrome, and atherosclerosis. This review reveals the potential therapeutic role of R. intestinalis in human diseases. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease exhibit significant changes in R. intestinalis abundance, and they may benefit a lot from modulations targeting R. intestinalis. The data reviewed here demonstrate that R. intestinalis plays its role in regulating barrier homeostasis, immune cells, and cytokine release through its metabolite butyrate, flagellin and other. Recent advancements in the application of primary culture technology, culture omics, single-cell sequencing, and metabonomics technology have improved research on Roseburia and revealed the benefits of this bacterium in human health and disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kejia Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weiwei Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaohua Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengwei Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Tong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
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14
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Cao Y, Dai Y, Zhang L, Wang D, Yu Q, Hu W, Wang X, Yu P, Ping Y, Sun T, Sang Y, Liu Z, Chen Y, Tao Z. Serum oncostatin M is a potential biomarker of disease activity and infliximab response in inflammatory bowel disease measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Clin Biochem 2021; 100:35-41. [PMID: 34843732 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although endoscopy is the gold standard to assess disease activity and infliximab efficacy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the invasive, costly, and time-consuming procedure limits its routine applications. We aimed to investigate the clinical value of serum oncostatin M (OSM) as a surrogate biomarker. METHODS Fifty healthy controls, 34 non-IBD patients, and 189 IBD patients who were pre-infliximab treatment (n = 122) or in infliximab maintenance (n = 67) were enrolled. A chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) was constructed to quantify serum OSM concentrations. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the performance of blood biomarkers for IBD management. RESULTS The methodology of CLIA exhibited great analytical performance with a wide linear range of 31.25-25000 pg/mL, a low detection limit of 23.2 pg/mL, acceptable precision, and applicable accuracy. Patients with IBD (121.5 [43.3-249.4] pg/mL, p < 0.001) and non-IBD (72.4 [51.4-129.6] pg/mL, p = 0.005) had higher serum OSM levels than healthy controls (35.8 [23.2-56.4] pg/mL). In the analysis of clinical and endoscopic activity, serum OSM levels were elevated in moderate and severe patients compared to those in remission. IBD patients without mucosal healing had higher serum OSM levels than those with mucosal healing (AUC = 0.843). Besides, serum OSM levels were increased in clinical non-responders (287.3 [127.9-438] pg/mL) compared to responders (24.1 [23.2-53.4] pg/mL, p < 0.001), and showed great recognition ability with an AUC of 0.898. CONCLUSIONS The newly developed methodology of CLIA had great potential for use in the clinic. Elevated serum OSM expression was a promising biomarker of severe disease and infliximab non-response in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yibei Dai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Danhua Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiao Yu
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wen Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xuchu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Pan Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ying Ping
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yiwen Sang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhenping Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou 311100, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Zhihua Tao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China.
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15
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Jardou M, Provost Q, Brossier C, Pinault É, Sauvage FL, Lawson R. Alteration of the gut microbiome in mycophenolate-induced enteropathy: impacts on the profile of short-chain fatty acids in a mouse model. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 22:66. [PMID: 34711288 PMCID: PMC8555345 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-021-00536-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is the most widely used immunosuppressive drug in transplantation and for autoimmune diseases. Unfortunately, more than 30% of patients experience a typical gastrointestinal adverse effect also referred to as mycophenolate-induced enteropathy. Due to its antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties, MPA exposure is associated with intestinal dysbiosis characterized by a decrease in density and diversity of the microbiome regarding the main bacterial phyla (Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes). These bacterial phyla are known for their metabolic role in maintaining the homeostasis of the digestive tract, particularly through the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) that could contribute to the pathophysiology of mycophenolate-induced enteropathy. Our study aimed at deciphering short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) profile alterations associated with gastrointestinal toxicity of MPA at the digestive and systemic levels in a mouse model. METHODS Ten-week old C57BL/6 (SOPF) mice were randomly assigned in 2 groups of 9 subjects: control, and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF, 900 mg/kg/day). All mice were daily treated by oral gavage for 7 days. Individual faecal pellets were collected at days 0, 4 and 8 as well as plasma at day 8 for SCFA profiling. Additionally, after the sacrifice on day 8, the caecum was weighted, and colon length was measured. The proximal colon was cut for histological analysis. RESULTS MMF treatment induced around 10% weight loss at the end of the protocol associated with a significant decrease in caecum weight and a slight reduction in colon length. Histological analysis showed significant architectural changes in colon epithelium. Moreover, we observed an overall decrease in SCFA concentrations in faecal samples, especially regarding acetate (at day 8, control 1040.6 ± 278.161 μM versus MMF 384.7 ± 80.5 μM, p < 0.01) and propionate (at day 8, control 185.94 ± 51.96 μM versus MMF 44.07 ± 14.66 μM, p < 0.001), and in plasma samples for butyrate (at day 8, control 0.91 ± 0.1 μM versus MMF 0.46 ± 0.1 μM, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS These results are consistent with functional impairment of the gut microbiome linked with digestive or systemic defects during MMF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Jardou
- Univ. Limoges, Inserm U1248, IPPRITT, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Quentin Provost
- Univ. Limoges, Inserm U1248, IPPRITT, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | | | - Émilie Pinault
- Univ. Limoges, Inserm U1248, IPPRITT, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | | | - Roland Lawson
- Univ. Limoges, Inserm U1248, IPPRITT, F-87000 Limoges, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Limoges, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France
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16
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Calatayud M, Verstrepen L, Ghyselinck J, Van den Abbeele P, Marzorati M, Modica S, Ranjanoro T, Maquet V. Chitin Glucan Shifts Luminal and Mucosal Microbial Communities, Improve Epithelial Barrier and Modulates Cytokine Production In Vitro. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093249. [PMID: 34579126 PMCID: PMC8467507 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota has been linked to the health status of the host. Modulation of human gut microbiota through pro- and prebiotic interventions has yielded promising results; however, the effect of novel prebiotics, such as chitin-glucan, on gut microbiota-host interplay is still not fully characterized. We assessed the effect of chitin-glucan (CG) and chitin-glucan plus Bifidobacterium breve (CGB) on human gut microbiota from the luminal and mucosal environments in vitro. Further, we tested the effect of filter-sterilized fecal supernatants from CG and CGB fermentation for protective effects on inflammation-induced barrier disruption and cytokine production using a co-culture of enterocytes and macrophage-like cells. Overall, CG and CGB promote health-beneficial short-chain fatty acid production and shift human gut microbiota composition, with a consistent effect increasing Roseburia spp. and butyrate producing-bacteria. In two of three donors, CG and CGB also stimulated Faecalibacterium prausniitzi. Specific colonization of B. breve was observed in the lumen and mucosal compartment; however, no synergy was detected for different endpoints when comparing CGB and CG. Both treatments included a significant improvement of inflammation-disrupted epithelial barrier and shifts on cytokine production, especially by consistent increase in the immunomodulatory cytokines IL10 and IL6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Calatayud
- ProDigest BV, Technologiepark 82, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (L.V.); (J.G.); (P.V.d.A.)
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Correspondence: (M.C.); or (M.M.)
| | - Lynn Verstrepen
- ProDigest BV, Technologiepark 82, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (L.V.); (J.G.); (P.V.d.A.)
| | - Jonas Ghyselinck
- ProDigest BV, Technologiepark 82, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (L.V.); (J.G.); (P.V.d.A.)
| | | | - Massimo Marzorati
- ProDigest BV, Technologiepark 82, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (L.V.); (J.G.); (P.V.d.A.)
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Correspondence: (M.C.); or (M.M.)
| | - Salvatore Modica
- KitoZyme SA., Parc Industriel des Hauts Sarts, 4040 Herstal, Belgium; (S.M.); (T.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Thibaut Ranjanoro
- KitoZyme SA., Parc Industriel des Hauts Sarts, 4040 Herstal, Belgium; (S.M.); (T.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Véronique Maquet
- KitoZyme SA., Parc Industriel des Hauts Sarts, 4040 Herstal, Belgium; (S.M.); (T.R.); (V.M.)
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17
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Chu Y, Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Liu X, Guo Y, Chang L, Yun X, Wei Z, Xia Y, Dai Y. Tetrandrine attenuates intestinal epithelial barrier defects caused by colitis through promoting the expression of Occludin via the AhR-miR-429 pathway. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21502. [PMID: 33811696 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002086rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The elevated intestinal permeability due to mucosal barrier defects is not only secondary to inflammatory bowel disease but also precedes enteritis. Tetrandrine, a bisbenzyl isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the dried roots of Stephamis tetlandra S. Moor, was previously demonstrated to ameliorate colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice. Here, we investigate whether and how tetrandrine protects against the disruption of the intestinal epithelial barrier under colitis condition. The data show that oral administration of tetrandrine significantly counteracted the increase of intestinal permeability in DSS-treated mice, enhanced the mRNA and protein expression of Occludin and Claudin1 in the colon, but hardly affected the expression of ZO-1 and Mucin2. In vitro, tetrandrine treatment rescued the decrease of monolayer transmembrane resistance and the increase of epithelial cell permeability induced by TNF-α, upregulated the expression of Occludin, and downregulated the expression of Claudin1 but did not affect the expression of ZO-1. The siRNA of Occludin largely weakened the protective effect of tetrandrine on the epithelial barrier function in Caco-2 cells. MiR-429 mimic obviously counteracted the upregulation of tetrandrine on the expression of Occludin and the amelioration on epithelial barrier defects, in contrast, miR-429 inhibitor showed the opposite effects. The antagonist (CH223191) and siAhR of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) nearly completely diminished the effects of tetrandrine, including inhibition of the miR429 expression, the upregulation of Occludin expression, and amelioration of intestinal epithelial barrier defects in Caco-2 cells. In colitis mice, CH223191 significantly weakened the protective effect of tetrandrine on colitis and intestinal mucosal barrier and diminished the downregulation on miR-429 expression and the promotion on Occludin expression in the colon. In summary, tetrandrine can attenuate the intestinal epithelial barrier defects in colitis through promoting Occludin expression via the AhR/miR-429 pathway, and it might be used to treat colitis as a barrier protector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Chu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanrong Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yajing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yilei Guo
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lan Chang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinming Yun
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhifeng Wei
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufeng Xia
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Dai
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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18
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Zhou W, Zhang D, Li Z, Jiang H, Li J, Ren R, Gao X, Li J, Wang X, Wang W, Yang Y. The fecal microbiota of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and autoimmune pancreatitis characterized by metagenomic sequencing. J Transl Med 2021; 19:215. [PMID: 34006295 PMCID: PMC8130326 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02882-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fecal microbiota in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and in autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) patients remains largely unknown. We aimed to characterize the fecal microbiota in patients with PDAC and AIP, and explore the possibility of fecal microbial biomarkers for distinguishing PDAC and AIP. METHODS 32 patients with PDAC, 32 patients with AIP and 32 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited and the fecal microbiotas were analyzed through high-throughput metagenomic sequencing. Alterations of fecal short-chain fatty acids were measured using gas chromatographic method. RESULTS Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed that microbial compositions differed significantly between PDAC and HC samples; whereas, AIP and HC individuals tended to cluster together. Significant reduction of phylum Firmicutes (especially butyrate-producing bacteria, including Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis) and significant increase of phylum Proteobacteria (especially Gammaproteobacteria) were observed only among PDAC samples. At species level, when compared with HC samples, we revealed 24 and 12 differently enriched bacteria in PDAC and AIP, respectively. Functional analysis showed a depletion of short-chain fatty acids synthesis associated KO modules (e.g. Wood-Ljungdahl pathway) and an increase of KO modules associated with bacterial virulence (e.g. type II general secretion pathway). Consistent with the downregulation of butyrate-producing bacteria, gas chromatographic analysis showed fecal butyrate content was significantly decreased in PDAC group. Eubacterium rectale, Eubacterium ventrisum and Odoribacter splanchnicus were among the most important biomarkers in distinguishing PDAC from HC and from AIP individuals. Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis showed areas under the curve of 90.74% (95% confidence interval [CI] 86.47-100%), 88.89% (95% CI 73.49-100%), and 76.54% (95% CI 52.5-100%) for PDAC/HC, PDAC/AIP and AIP/HC, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, alterations in fecal microbiota and butyrate of patients with PDAC suggest an underlying role of gut microbiota for the pathogenesis of PDAC. Fecal microbial and butyrate as potential biomarkers may facilitate to distinguish patients with PDAC from patients with AIP and HCs which worth further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhou
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300190, China.,Micriobiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.,School of Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - De Zhang
- Micriobiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.,School of Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhengpeng Li
- Micriobiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.,Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Huiqing Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Jingnan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Hospital, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Rongrong Ren
- Micriobiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xuefeng Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Micriobiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.,School of Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Weifeng Wang
- Micriobiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Yunsheng Yang
- Micriobiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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19
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Tong X, Zheng Y, Li Y, Xiong Y, Chen D. Soluble ligands as drug targets for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 226:107859. [PMID: 33895184 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is characterized by persistent inflammation in a hereditarily susceptible host. In addition to gastrointestinal symptoms, patients with IBD frequently suffer from extra-intestinal complications such as fibrosis, stenosis or cancer. Mounting evidence supports the targeting of cytokines for effective treatment of IBD. Cytokines can be included in a newly proposed classification "soluble ligands" that has become the third major target of human protein therapeutic drugs after enzymes and receptors. Soluble ligands have potential significance for research and development of anti-IBD drugs. Compared with traditional drug targets for IBD treatment, such as receptors, at least three factors contribute to the increasing importance of soluble ligands as drug targets. Firstly, cytokines are the main soluble ligands and targeting of them has demonstrated efficacy in patients with IBD. Secondly, soluble ligands are more accessible than receptors, which are embedded in the cell membrane and have complex tertiary membrane structures. Lastly, certain potential target proteins that are present in membrane-bound forms can become soluble following cleavage, providing further opportunities for intervention in the treatment of IBD. In this review, 49 drugs targeting 25 distinct ligands have been evaluated, including consideration of the characteristics of the ligands and drugs in respect of IBD treatment. In addition to approved drugs targeting soluble ligands, we have also assessed drugs that are in preclinical research and drugs inhibiting ligand-receptor binding. Some new types of targetable soluble ligands/proteins, such as epoxide hydrolase and p-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, are also introduced. Targeting soluble ligands not only opens a new field of anti-IBD drug development, but the circulating soluble ligands also provide diagnostic insights for early prediction of treatment response. In conclusion, soluble ligands serve as the third-largest protein target class in medicine, with much potential for the drugs targeting them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Tong
- Compartive Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- Compartive Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yu Li
- Compartive Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yongjian Xiong
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Dapeng Chen
- Compartive Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City 116044, Liaoning Province, China.
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20
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Host genetics exerts lifelong effects upon hindgut microbiota and its association with bovine growth and immunity. ISME JOURNAL 2021; 15:2306-2321. [PMID: 33649551 PMCID: PMC8319427 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-021-00925-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a complex ecological community that plays multiple critical roles within a host. Known intrinsic and extrinsic factors affect gut microbiota structure, but the influence of host genetics is understudied. To investigate the role of host genetics upon the gut microbiota structure, we performed a longitudinal study in which we evaluated the hindgut microbiota and its association with animal growth and immunity across life. We evaluated three different growth stages in an Angus-Brahman multibreed population with a graduated spectrum of genetic variation, raised under variable environmental conditions and diets. We found the gut microbiota structure was changed significantly during growth when preweaning, and fattening calves experienced large variations in diet and environmental changes. However, regardless of the growth stage, we found gut microbiota is significantly influenced by breed composition throughout life. Host genetics explained the relative abundances of 52.2%, 40.0%, and 37.3% of core bacterial taxa at the genus level in preweaning, postweaning, and fattening calves, respectively. Sutterella, Oscillospira, and Roseburia were consistently associated with breed composition at these three growth stages. Especially, butyrate-producing bacteria, Roseburia and Oscillospira, were associated with nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in genes involved in the regulation of host immunity and metabolism in the hindgut. Furthermore, minor allele frequency analysis found breed-associated SNPs in the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) receptor genes that promote anti-inflammation and enhance intestinal epithelial barrier functions. Our findings provide evidence of dynamic and lifelong host genetic effects upon gut microbiota, regardless of growth stages. We propose that diet, environmental changes, and genetic components may explain observed variation in critical hindgut microbiota throughout life.
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Cui L, Guan X, Ding W, Luo Y, Wang W, Bu W, Song J, Tan X, Sun E, Ning Q, Liu G, Jia X, Feng L. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi polysaccharide ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by improving intestinal barrier function and modulating gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 166:1035-1045. [PMID: 33157130 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a polysaccharide from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi on UC. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is a worldwide problem associating with ulcerative colitis. One homogeneous polysaccharide, named SP2-1, was isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. SP2-1 comprised mannose, ribose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, glucose, xylose, arabinose, fucose in the molar ratio of 5.06:21.24:1.00:20.25:3.49:50.90:228.77:2.40, with Mw of 3.72 × 106 Da. SP2-1 treatment attenuated body weight loss, reduced DAI, ameliorated colonic pathological damage, and decreased MPO activity of UC mice induced by DSS. SP2-1 also suppressed the levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Additionally, the intestinal barrier was repaired due to the up-regulated expressions of ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin-5. SP2-1 remarkably enhanced the levels of acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid in DSS-treated mice. Furthermore, as compared with model group, the abundance of Firmicutes, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Roseburia were significantly increased with SP2-1 treatment. And SP2-1 could significantly inhibit the levels of Bacteroides, Proteobacteria and Staphylococcus. In conclusion, SP2-1 might serve as a novel drug candidate against UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cui
- Affliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xueneng Guan
- Affliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Wenbo Ding
- Affliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yi Luo
- Affliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Affliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Weiquan Bu
- Affliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jie Song
- Affliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaobin Tan
- Affliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - E Sun
- Affliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qing Ning
- Affliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Guoguang Liu
- Affliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaobin Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Liang Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Mohebali N, Ekat K, Kreikemeyer B, Breitrück A. Barrier Protection and Recovery Effects of Gut Commensal Bacteria on Differentiated Intestinal Epithelial Cells In Vitro. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082251. [PMID: 32731411 PMCID: PMC7468801 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the gut microbiota composition play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as specific commensal bacterial species are underrepresented in the microbiota of IBD patients. In this study, we examined the therapeutic potential of three commensal bacterial species, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F. prausnitzii), Roseburia intestinalis (R. intestinalis) and Bacteroides faecis (B. faecis) in an in vitro model of intestinal inflammation, by using differentiated Caco-2 and HT29-MTX cells, stimulated with a pro-inflammatory cocktail consisting of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interferon-γ (IFNγ), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Results obtained in this work demonstrated that all three bacterial species are able to recover the impairment of the epithelial barrier function induced by the inflammatory stimulus, as determined by an amelioration of the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and the paracellular permeability of the cell monolayer. Moreover, inflammatory stimulus increased claudin-2 expression and decreased occludin expression were improved in the cells treated with commensal bacteria. Furthermore, the commensals were able to counteract the increased release of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) induced by the inflammatory stimulus. These findings indicated that F. prausnitzii, R. intestinalis and B. faecis improve the epithelial barrier integrity and limit inflammatory responses.
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23
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Wu X, Pan S, Luo W, Shen Z, Meng X, Xiao M, Tan B, Nie K, Tong T, Wang X. Roseburia intestinalis‑derived flagellin ameliorates colitis by targeting miR‑223‑3p‑mediated activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:2695-2704. [PMID: 32700754 PMCID: PMC7453595 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is a chronic, relapsing condition associated with the disorder of gut microbial communities. A previous study reported that levels of Roseburia intestinalis (R.I), a butyrate‑producing bacterium, are significantly decreased in patients with IBD and exert an anti‑inflammatory function in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‑induced colitis. However, the role of R.I flagellin in UC and its underlying molecular mechanism are not yet fully understood. Therefore, a DSS‑induced colitis model in C57Bl/6 mice and the LPS/ATP‑induced THP‑1 macrophages were treated with R.I flagellin, which were used to investigate the anti‑inflammatory effects of R.I flagellin. The results demonstrated that R.I flagellin decreased colitis‑associated disease activity index, colonic shortening and the pathological damage of the colon tissues in murine colitis models. Furthermore, R.I flagellin decreased the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines and inhibited activation of the nucleotide‑binding oligomerization segment‑like receptor family 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in murine colitis. R.I flagellin was also demonstrated to decrease the Gasdermin D to yield the N‑terminal fragment membrane pore and inhibit inflammasome‑triggered pyroptosis. In vitro analysis indicated that microRNA (miR)‑223‑3p was involved in the regulation of R.I flagellin on NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrated that R.I flagellin inhibited activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis via miR‑223‑3p/NLRP3 signaling in macrophages, suggesting that R.I flagellin may be used as a novel probiotic product for the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Shiyu Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohua Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Xiangrui Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Mengwei Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Bei Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Kai Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Ting Tong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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24
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Schander A, Castillo R, Paredes D, Hodge LM. Effect of Abdominal Lymphatic Pump Treatment on Disease Activity in a Rat Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Osteopath Med 2020; 120:337-344. [DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2020.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Context
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease, are chronic relapsing inflammatory diseases that affect 1.5 million people in the United States. Lymphatic pump treatment (LPT) techniques were designed to enhance the movement of lymph and can be used to relieve symptoms in patients with IBD and other gastrointestinal disorders.
Objective
To determine whether LPT would decrease gastrointestinal inflammation and reduce disease severity in rats with acute IBD.
Methods
On day 0, rats were randomized into control or experimental groups. Control rats received normal drinking water for days 0 to 9. On days 0 to 9, rats in the experimental groups received drinking water containing 3.5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). On day 3, experimental rats were randomized into 3 groups. On days 3 to 8, experimental rats received either (1) no treatment or anesthesia (DSS alone); (2) 4 minutes of LPT with anesthesia administration (DSS+LPT); or (3) 4 minutes of sham treatment (ie, light touch) and anesthesia (DSS+sham). On day 9, colons and gastrointestinal lymphoid tissue were collected. Colon weight, histologic changes, disease activity index (DAI) score, and the concentration of leukocytes were measured.
Results
At day 9, the mean (SD) DAI score in the DSS+LPT group (1.0 [0.1]) was significantly decreased (P<.01) compared with the DAI score of DSS-alone rats (1.5 [0.1]). While the DAI in DSS+LPT rats was reduced on days 8 to 9, this difference was not statistically different (P>.05) compared with DSS+sham (1.3 [0.1]). No significant differences were found in colon weight, histopathologic findings, or the concentration of gastrointestinal leukocytes between DSS alone, DSS+sham, or DSS+LPT (P>.05).
Conclusion
While DSS+LPT reduced IBD compared with DSS+sham, the decrease was not statistically significant. Considering the growing use of adjunctive treatment for the management of IBD, it is important to identify the effect of osteopathic manipulative medicine on IBD progression.
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Schonhoff AM, Williams GP, Wallen ZD, Standaert DG, Harms AS. Innate and adaptive immune responses in Parkinson's disease. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2019; 252:169-216. [PMID: 32247364 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) has classically been defined as a movement disorder, in which motor symptoms are explained by the aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) and subsequent death of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). More recently, the multisystem effects of the disease have been investigated, with the immune system being implicated in a number of these processes in the brain, the blood, and the gut. In this review, we highlight the dysfunctional immune system found in both human PD and animal models of the disease, and discuss how genetic risk factors and risk modifiers are associated with pro-inflammatory immune responses. Finally, we emphasize evidence that the immune response drives the pathogenesis and progression of PD, and discuss key questions that remain to be investigated in order to identify immunomodulatory therapies in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aubrey M Schonhoff
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Gregory P Williams
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Zachary D Wallen
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - David G Standaert
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Ashley S Harms
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
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26
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Zhang Z, Tang H, Chen P, Xie H, Tao Y. Demystifying the manipulation of host immunity, metabolism, and extraintestinal tumors by the gut microbiome. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:41. [PMID: 31637019 PMCID: PMC6799818 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0074-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The trillions of microorganisms in the gut microbiome have attracted much attention recently owing to their sophisticated and widespread impacts on numerous aspects of host pathophysiology. Remarkable progress in large-scale sequencing and mass spectrometry has increased our understanding of the influence of the microbiome and/or its metabolites on the onset and progression of extraintestinal cancers and the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Given the plasticity in microbial composition and function, microbial-based therapeutic interventions, including dietary modulation, prebiotics, and probiotics, as well as fecal microbial transplantation, potentially permit the development of novel strategies for cancer therapy to improve clinical outcomes. Herein, we summarize the latest evidence on the involvement of the gut microbiome in host immunity and metabolism, the effects of the microbiome on extraintestinal cancers and the immune response, and strategies to modulate the gut microbiome, and we discuss ongoing studies and future areas of research that deserve focused research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078 Hunan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078 Changsha, Hunan China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, China
| | - Haosheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078 Hunan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078 Changsha, Hunan China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078 Hunan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078 Changsha, Hunan China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China
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