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Santaliz-Casiano A, Mehta D, Danciu OC, Patel H, Banks L, Zaidi A, Buckley J, Rauscher GH, Schulte L, Weller LR, Taiym D, Liko-Hazizi E, Pulliam N, Friedewald SM, Khan S, Kim JJ, Gradishar W, Hegerty S, Frasor J, Hoskins KF, Madak-Erdogan Z. Identification of metabolic pathways contributing to ER + breast cancer disparities using a machine-learning pipeline. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12136. [PMID: 37495653 PMCID: PMC10372029 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39215-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
African American (AA) women in the United States have a 40% higher breast cancer mortality rate than Non-Hispanic White (NHW) women. The survival disparity is particularly striking among (estrogen receptor positive) ER+ breast cancer cases. The purpose of this study is to examine whether there are racial differences in metabolic pathways typically activated in patients with ER+ breast cancer. We collected pretreatment plasma from AA and NHW ER+ breast cancer cases (AA n = 48, NHW n = 54) and cancer-free controls (AA n = 100, NHW n = 48) to conduct an untargeted metabolomics analysis using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify metabolites that may be altered in the different racial groups. Unpaired t-test combined with multiple feature selection and prediction models were employed to identify race-specific altered metabolic signatures. This was followed by the identification of altered metabolic pathways with a focus in AA patients with breast cancer. The clinical relevance of the identified pathways was further examined in PanCancer Atlas breast cancer data set from The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA). We identified differential metabolic signatures between NHW and AA patients. In AA patients, we observed decreased circulating levels of amino acids compared to healthy controls, while fatty acids were significantly higher in NHW patients. By mapping these metabolites to potential epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, this study identified significant associations with regulators of metabolism such as methionine adenosyltransferase 1A (MAT1A), DNA Methyltransferases and Histone methyltransferases for AA individuals, and Fatty acid Synthase (FASN) and Monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) for NHW individuals. Specific gene Negative Elongation Factor Complex E (NELFE) with histone methyltransferase activity, was associated with poor survival exclusively for AA individuals. We employed a comprehensive and novel approach that integrates multiple machine learning and statistical methods, coupled with human functional pathway analyses. The metabolic profile of plasma samples identified may help elucidate underlying molecular drivers of disproportionately aggressive ER+ tumor biology in AA women. It may ultimately lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets. To our knowledge, this is a novel finding that describes a link between metabolic alterations and epigenetic regulation in AA breast cancer and underscores the need for detailed investigations into the biological underpinnings of breast cancer health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dhruv Mehta
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Oana C Danciu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hariyali Patel
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Landan Banks
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ayesha Zaidi
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jermya Buckley
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Garth H Rauscher
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lauren Schulte
- Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lauren Ro Weller
- Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Deanna Taiym
- Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Natalie Pulliam
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Seema Khan
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J Julie Kim
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - William Gradishar
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Jonna Frasor
- Department Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kent F Hoskins
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zeynep Madak-Erdogan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Cancer Center at Illinois, 1201 W Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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2
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Shoaib S, Khan FB, Alsharif MA, Malik MS, Ahmed SA, Jamous YF, Uddin S, Tan CS, Ardianto C, Tufail S, Ming LC, Yusuf N, Islam N. Reviewing the Prospective Pharmacological Potential of Isothiocyanates in Fight against Female-Specific Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082390. [PMID: 37190316 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynecological cancers are the most commonly diagnosed malignancies in females worldwide. Despite the advancement of diagnostic tools as well as the availability of various therapeutic interventions, the incidence and mortality of female-specific cancers is still a life-threatening issue, prevailing as one of the major health problems worldwide. Lately, alternative medicines have garnered immense attention as a therapeutic intervention against various types of cancers, seemingly because of their safety profiles and enhanced effectiveness. Isothiocyanates (ITCs), specifically sulforaphane, benzyl isothiocyanate, and phenethyl isothiocyanate, have shown an intriguing potential to actively contribute to cancer cell growth inhibition, apoptosis induction, epigenetic alterations, and modulation of autophagy and cancer stem cells in female-specific cancers. Additionally, it has been shown that ITCs plausibly enhance the chemo-sensitization of many chemotherapeutic drugs. To this end, evidence has shown enhanced efficacy in combinatorial regimens with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs and/or other phytochemicals. Reckoning with these, herein, we discuss the advances in the knowledge regarding the aspects highlighting the molecular intricacies of ITCs in female-specific cancers. In addition, we have also argued regarding the potential of ITCs either as solitary treatment or in a combinatorial therapeutic regimen for the prevention and/or treatment of female-specific cancers. Hopefully, this review will open new horizons for consideration of ITCs in therapeutic interventions that would undoubtedly improve the prognosis of the female-specific cancer clientele. Considering all these, it is reasonable to state that a better understanding of these molecular intricacies will plausibly provide a facile opportunity for treating these female-specific cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Shoaib
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Farheen Badrealam Khan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Meshari A Alsharif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Shaheer Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Yahya F Jamous
- Vaccines and Bioprocessing Center, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
- Laboratory of Animal Center, Qatar University, Doha 2731, Qatar
| | - Ching Siang Tan
- School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Chrismawan Ardianto
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Saba Tufail
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia
| | - Nabiha Yusuf
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Najmul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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3
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Zhao D, Wu K, Sharma S, Xing F, Wu SY, Tyagi A, Deshpande R, Singh R, Wabitsch M, Mo YY, Watabe K. Exosomal miR-1304-3p promotes breast cancer progression in African Americans by activating cancer-associated adipocytes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7734. [PMID: 36517516 PMCID: PMC9751138 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35305-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer displays disparities in mortality between African Americans and Caucasian Americans. However, the exact molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we identify miR-1304-3p as the most upregulated microRNA in African American patients. Importantly, its expression significantly correlates with poor progression-free survival in African American patients. Ectopic expression of miR-1304 promotes tumor progression in vivo. Exosomal miR-1304-3p activates cancer-associated adipocytes that release lipids and enhance cancer cell growth. Moreover, we identify the anti-adipogenic gene GATA2 as the target of miR-1304-3p. Notably, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) located in the miR-1304 stem-loop region shows a significant difference in frequencies of the G allele between African and Caucasian American groups, which promotes the maturation of miR-1304-3p. Therefore, our results reveal a mechanism of the disparity in breast cancer progression and suggest a potential utility of miR-1304-3p and the associated SNP as biomarkers for predicting the outcome of African American patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Kerui Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Sambad Sharma
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Fei Xing
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Shih-Ying Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Abhishek Tyagi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Ravindra Deshpande
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Ravi Singh
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Yin-Yuan Mo
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Kounosuke Watabe
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
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Mozafarinia M, Sasanfar B, Toorang F, Salehi-Abargouei A, Zendehdel K. Association between dietary fat and fat subtypes with the risk of breast cancer in an Iranian population: a case-control study. Lipids Health Dis 2021; 20:138. [PMID: 34657612 PMCID: PMC8520643 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-021-01557-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine the relationship between dietary fat intake and breast cancer (BC) development. METHOD This case-control study included 473 women with breast cancer (pathologically confirmed) and 501 healthy subjects matched by age and residency. Dietary intakes of different types and sources of fatty acids were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The association between dietary fats and odds of BC was assessed using a logistic regression model in crude and multivariable-adjusted models. P values below 0.05 were regarded as statistically significant. RESULTS Participants' age and body mass index were 44.0 ± 10.8 years and 28.4 ± 5.6 kg/m2, respectively. Individuals with the highest quartile of total fat intake and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake were 1.50 times more at risk to develop BC than others. A positive significant association was observed between animal fat (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 1.89, 95 % CI = 0.93-3.81), saturated fatty acid (SFA) (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 1.70, 95 % CI = 0.88-3.30), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) (Q4 vs. Q1 OR = 1.85, 95 % CI = 0.95-3.61) and PUFA intake (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 2.12, 95 % CI = 1.05-4.27) with BC risk in postmenopausal women. However, there was no association in premenopausal women. CONCLUSIONS Total dietary fat and its subtypes might increase the risk of BC, especially in postmenopausal women. This observational study confirms the role of dietary fat in breast cancer development. Intervention studies involving different estrogen receptor subgroups are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Mozafarinia
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Sasanfar
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Toorang
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Salehi-Abargouei
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Kazem Zendehdel
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, I.R., Tehran, Iran.
- Breast Diseases Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, I.R., Tehran, Iran.
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box 13145158, I.R., Tehran, Iran.
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5
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Deep frying cooking oils promote the high risk of metastases in the breast-A critical review. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 144:111648. [PMID: 32745572 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Deep-frying is the most common food preparation method, manifestations of color, taste, flavor, and fried consistency. The beneficial role of vegetable oils become deteriorate when repeatedly treated with higher temperature and air. Repeatedly heated cooking oils (RCO) produce various byproducts, containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and aldehydes, well-known to be a carcinogenic, mutagenic, and tumorigenic properties. RCO is nowadays one of the often consumed media for cooking and frying, which intake can cause various unhealthy adverse effects including various cancer in the multiple organs. Hence, the present comprehensive study targets to provide the intake of RCO elevate the risks of human breast cancer. The data on RCO and its impacts were obtained via various electronic findings and library databases. Notable studies have confirmed that the effects of RCO have been attributed to their unfavorable effects, and underlying molecular mechanisms can also strongly promoting tumorigenic effects in the mammary organ.
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6
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Associations between Coffee Products and Breast Cancer Risk: a Case-Control study in Hong Kong Chinese Women. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12684. [PMID: 31481730 PMCID: PMC6722060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49205-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee contains caffeine and diterpenes that were associated with decreased breast cancer risk, but results remained inconsistent. The study purpose was to investigate the associations between coffee products and breast cancer risk among Hong Kong Chinese women. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study in three public hospitals. 2169 Chinese women aged 24-84 years old were interviewed using a standardized questionnaire with questions asking types, cups and duration on coffee drinking. We used unconditional multivariate logistic regression to calculate the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for breast cancer risk with different coffee products. 238 (20.6%) cases and 179 (17.7%) controls are habitual coffee drinkers. No association was found between overall coffee drinking and breast cancer risk. Compared to the non-habitual coffee drinkers, women who consumed instant coffee (AOR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.10-2.03) were significantly associated with an increased breast cancer risk. Women who drank brewed coffee (AOR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.28-0.82) were negatively associated with breast cancer risk. A positive association between instant coffee and breast cancer risk was observed, contradicted to the outcomes of drinking brewed coffee. Larger studies are warranted to ascertain the role of different types of coffee products in breast cancer risk.
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7
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Dierssen-Sotos T, Gómez-Acebo I, Palazuelos C, Gracia-Lavedan E, Pérez-Gómez B, Oribe M, Martín V, Guevara M, Rodríguez-Cundín P, Fernández-Tardón G, Marcos-Gragera R, Molina-Barceló A, Díaz-Santos M, Castaño-Vinyals G, Aragonés N, López-Gonzalez A, Amiano P, Castilla J, Alonso-Molero J, Kogevinas M, Pollán M, Llorca J. Fatty acid intake and breast cancer in the Spanish multicase-control study on cancer (MCC-Spain). Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1171-1179. [PMID: 31069457 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-01977-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the association between dietary fat and fat subtype and breast cancer development. METHODS We conducted a case-control study with 1181 cases of incident breast cancer, diagnosed between 2007 and 2012, and 1682 population controls frequency matched (by age, sex, and region) from the Spanish multicenter case-control study MCC-Spain. RESULTS We found a significant protective effect in premenopausal women of total fat intake [OR 0.51 95% CI (0.31-0.86) highest versus lowest tertile], but no effect was observed in menopausal women [OR 1.15 95% CI (0.83-1.60)]. Analyzing by type of fat, this protective effect persisted only for the monounsaturated fatty acids [OR 0.51 95% CI (0.32-0.82)]. In contrast, other fatty acids did not have a significant effect. In addition, a protection against risk of breast cancer was found when polyunsaturated fats were "substituted" by monounsaturated, maintaining the same total fat intake [OR 0.68 95% CI (0.47-0.99)]. Finally, analyzing by breast cancer subtype, we found no effect, except in premenopausal women where intake of moderate [OR 0.52 95% CI (0.33-0.82)] and high monounsaturated fatty acids [OR 0.47 95% CI (0.27-0.82)] maintains a protective effect against ER/PR + tumors. In contrast, in menopausal women, a high intake of monounsaturated fatty acids was associated with higher risk of HER2 + tumors [OR 2.00 95% CI (0.97-4.13)]. CONCLUSION Our study shows a differential effect of monounsaturated fatty acids according to menopausal status and breast cancer subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinidad Dierssen-Sotos
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER de Epidemiología Y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain. .,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria-IDIVAL, Avda. Herrera Oria s/n, 39011, Santander, Spain.
| | - Inés Gómez-Acebo
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER de Epidemiología Y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria-IDIVAL, Avda. Herrera Oria s/n, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Camilo Palazuelos
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria-IDIVAL, Avda. Herrera Oria s/n, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Esther Gracia-Lavedan
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER de Epidemiología Y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER de Epidemiología Y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Madalen Oribe
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Health Department, BioDonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín
- Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Marcela Guevara
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Paz Rodríguez-Cundín
- Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Rafael Marcos-Gragera
- Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.,Epidemiology Unit and Girona Cancer Registry, Oncology Coordination Plan, Department of Health, Autonomous Government of Catalonia, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain
| | | | - Marian Díaz-Santos
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales, Salud y Medio Ambiente (RENSMA), Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER de Epidemiología Y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- Epidemiology Section, Public Health Division, Department of Health of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana López-Gonzalez
- Servicio de Oncología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, León, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER de Epidemiología Y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Health Department, BioDonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Jesús Castilla
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER de Epidemiología Y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jessica Alonso-Molero
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria-IDIVAL, Avda. Herrera Oria s/n, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER de Epidemiología Y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Pollán
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER de Epidemiología Y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Llorca
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER de Epidemiología Y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria-IDIVAL, Avda. Herrera Oria s/n, 39011, Santander, Spain.,ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Ali Abd El-Aal Y, Mohamed Abdel-Fattah D, El-Dawy Ahmed K. Some biochemical studies on trans fatty acid-containing diet. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:1753-1757. [PMID: 31235089 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
trans fatty acids (TFA's) are unsaturated fatty acid which have one or more double bond, they are present naturally and most of it is artificial, fried, baked food and margarine are major sources of TFA, there are several biological effects of TFAs on body health, various study showed that dietary TFA associated with various health disorders such as Diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), Obesity, breast cancer, prostatic cancer infertility, and coronary artery disease (CAD). The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015 encourages eliminations of trans fatty acids. The diet which related to non-communicable diseases include TFA should be eliminated, WHO's European Food and Nutrition Action Plan 2015-2020 suggested that TFAs should be less than 1% of the daily energy intake include natural origin. So the aim of this review, to know more than about trans acids, their nature, sources, and their different effect on health and how can analysis it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Ali Abd El-Aal
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, October 6 University, Egypt.
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9
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Anjom-Shoae J, Sadeghi O, Larijani B, Esmaillzadeh A. Dietary intake and serum levels of trans fatty acids and risk of breast cancer: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Clin Nutr 2019; 39:755-764. [PMID: 30954361 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Although the relationship between dietary intake and serum levels of trans fatty acids and risk of breast cancer has been investigated extensively, findings are inconsistent. To summarize earlier findings on the association of dietary intake and serum levels of trans fatty acids with risk of breast cancer through a dose-response meta-analysis. METHODS The online databases of PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, Science Direct and Embase were searched for relevant publications up to June 2018, using MeSH and non-MeSH keywords. In total, 7 prospective studies [6 cohort studies and one nested case-control study] were included on total dietary trans fat intake, and five studies [1 cohort study and 4 nested case-control studies] were included about serum trans fatty acids. Assessment of study quality was conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Study-specific RRs were combined via fixed-effects model to compute overall RRs. RESULTS Participants were apparently healthy aged 26 years or older. We observed no significant relationship between dietary intake of total trans fatty acids and risk of breast cancer (pooled effect size: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.95-1.10, P = 0.403). Combining 3 effect sizes from 2 prospective and one nested case-control study, no significant relation was seen between dietary intake of CLA and risk of breast cancer (pooled effect size: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.95-1.17, P = 0.513). Based on 5 effect sizes, each additional 1 g/day dietary intake of total trans fats was not significantly associated with risk of breast cancer (RR = 1.00; 95% CI = 0.99-1.01). In addition, it seems that serum levels of trans fats might be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer only among postmenopausal women (Pooled effect size: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.04-1.81, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, dietary intake of trans fatty acids was not associated with risk of breast cancer; however, a significant positive association was seen between serum trans fats and risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Anjom-Shoae
- Students' Scientific Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Sadeghi
- Students' Scientific Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular - Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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10
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Chang CS, Kitamura E, Johnson J, Bollag R, Hawthorn L. Genomic analysis of racial differences in triple negative breast cancer. Genomics 2018; 111:1529-1542. [PMID: 30366040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is more prevalent in African Americans (AAs), has a more aggressive clinical course including a higher mortality rate and an increased occurrence of metastases. This study was designed to determine if racial differences at the molecular level might explain the more aggressive phenotype in AAs. Mutation profiling, was performed on 51 AA and 77 CA tumor/ normal pairs. Transcript expression analysis was performed on 35AA and 37CA. Genes with high frequency mutation rates such as MUC4 and TP53 were common to both racial populations, however genes that were less frequently mutated differed between the races suggesting that those cause the more aggressive nature of TNBC in AA women. JAK-Stat and HER2 signaling were unique to the AA and PTEN and mTOR were unique to the CA profiles. Many pathways identified by the mutational profiles were predicted to be down-regulated by the transcript expression profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eiko Kitamura
- Georgia Cancer Center at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Joan Johnson
- Georgia Cancer Center at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Roni Bollag
- Georgia Cancer Center at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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11
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Seiler A, Chen MA, Brown RL, Fagundes CP. Obesity, Dietary Factors, Nutrition, and Breast Cancer Risk. CURRENT BREAST CANCER REPORTS 2018; 10:14-27. [PMID: 30662586 PMCID: PMC6335046 DOI: 10.1007/s12609-018-0264-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To synthesize the critical role of obesity-associated inflammation, dietary factors, and nutrition in determining breast cancer risk. RECENT FINDINGS Obesity-associated inflammation is strongly linked to breast cancer risk and progression, largely via two processes: inflammatory pathways and dysregulated metabolism. Cytokine production in excess adipose tissues creates a chronic inflammatory microenvironment, which favors tumor development. Lifestyle factors, including diet, have long been recognized as important determinants of breast cancer risk and mortality. SUMMARY Obesity increases the risk of developing breast cancer in both pre- and postmenopausal women and also negatively affects breast cancer recurrence and survival. Poor dietary habits characterized by the high intake of refined starches, sugar, and both saturated and trans-saturated fats, as well as the low intake of omega-3 fatty acids, natural antioxidants, and fiber, modulate inflammation and, thereby, appear to be linked to increased risk of breast cancer and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annina Seiler
- Department of Consultation-Liaison-Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Haldenbachstrasse 18, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Ryan L Brown
- Department of Psychology, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher P Fagundes
- Department of Psychology, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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12
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Abstract
The associations between saturated fatty acid (SFA) consumption and risk of breast cancer (BC) remains inconclusive. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to determine the quantitative relations between dietary SFA intake and incidence of BC.Literatures published up to April 2015 were systematically screened through Pubmed and Web of Science. Relevant publication quality was evaluated by conducting the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. We used fixed effects models or random effect models to calculate the summary relative risks (RRs) and odds ratios (ORs), and conducted sensitivity analyses and evaluated the publication bias.We identified a total of 52 studies (24 cohort studies and 28 case-control studies), with over 50,000 females diagnosed with BC. The associations between dietary SFA intake and risk of BC were 1.18 for case-control studies (high vs low intake, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03-1.34) and 1.04 for cohort studies (95% CI = 0.97-1.11). When restricted analyses to population-based studies, positive associations were observed for both cohort (RR [95% CI] = 1.11 [1.01-1.21]) and case-control studies (OR [95% CI] = 1.26 [1.03-1.53]). Additionally, for case-control studies, significant positive associations between higher SFA intake and BC risk were observed for Asian (OR [95% CI] = 1.17 [1.02-1.34]) and Caucasian (OR [95% CI] = 1.19 [1.00-1.41]), as well as for postmenopausal women (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.02-1.73). In contrast, higher dietary SFA intake was not associated with risk of BC among premenopausal women, in cohort studies or hospital-based studies.A positive association between higher dietary SFA intake and postmenopausal BC risk was observed in case-control but not in cohort studies. More studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xia
- From the Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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13
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Norat T, Scoccianti C, Boutron-Ruault MC, Anderson A, Berrino F, Cecchini M, Espina C, Key T, Leitzmann M, Powers H, Wiseman M, Romieu I. European Code against Cancer 4th Edition: Diet and cancer. Cancer Epidemiol 2015; 39 Suppl 1:S56-66. [PMID: 26164653 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2014.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lifestyle factors, including diet, have long been recognised as potentially important determinants of cancer risk. In addition to the significant role diet plays in affecting body fatness, a risk factor for several cancers, experimental studies have indicated that diet may influence the cancer process in several ways. Prospective studies have shown that dietary patterns characterised by higher intakes of fruits, vegetables, and whole-grain foods, and lower intakes of red and processed meats and salt, are related to reduced risks of death and cancer, and that a healthy diet can improve overall survival after diagnosis of breast and colorectal cancers. There is evidence that high intakes of fruit and vegetables may reduce the risk of cancers of the aerodigestive tract, and the evidence that dietary fibre protects against colorectal cancer is convincing. Red and processed meats increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Diets rich in high-calorie foods, such as fatty and sugary foods, may lead to increased calorie intake, thereby promoting obesity and leading to an increased risk of cancer. There is some evidence that sugary drinks are related to an increased risk of pancreatic cancer. Taking this evidence into account, the 4th edition of the European Code against Cancer recommends that people have a healthy diet to reduce their risk of cancer: they should eat plenty of whole grains, pulses, vegetables and fruits; limit high-calorie foods (foods high in sugar or fat); avoid sugary drinks and processed meat; and limit red meat and foods high in salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Norat
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Scoccianti
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | | | - Annie Anderson
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention & Screening, Level 7, Mailbox 7, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Franco Berrino
- Fondazione IRCSS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 1 via Venezian, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Cecchini
- Health Policy Analyst OECD, 2 rue André Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France
| | - Carolina Espina
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Leitzmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hilary Powers
- Human Nutrition Unit, The Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Wiseman
- World Cancer Research Fund International, Second Floor, 22 Bedford Square, London WC1B 3HH, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
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14
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Xin Y, Li XY, Sun SR, Wang LX, Huang T. Vegetable Oil Intake and Breast Cancer Risk: a Meta-analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:5125-35. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.12.5125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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15
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Farvid MS, Ding M, Pan A, Sun Q, Chiuve SE, Steffen LM, Willett WC, Hu FB. Dietary linoleic acid and risk of coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Circulation 2014; 130:1568-78. [PMID: 25161045 PMCID: PMC4334131 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.010236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 330] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies on intake of linoleic acid (LA), the predominant n-6 fatty acid, and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk have generated inconsistent results. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to summarize the evidence regarding the relation of dietary LA intake and CHD risk. METHODS AND RESULTS We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE databases through June 2013 for prospective cohort studies that reported the association between dietary LA and CHD events. In addition, we used unpublished data from cohort studies in a previous pooling project. We pooled the multivariate-adjusted relative risk (RR) to compare the highest with the lowest categories of LA intake using fixed-effect meta-analysis. We identified 13 published and unpublished cohort studies with a total of 310 602 individuals and 12 479 total CHD events, including 5882 CHD deaths. When the highest category was compared with the lowest category, dietary LA was associated with a 15% lower risk of CHD events (pooled RR, 0.85; 95% confidence intervals, 0.78-0.92; I(2)=35.5%) and a 21% lower risk of CHD deaths (pooled RR, 0.79; 95% confidence intervals, 0.71-0.89; I(2)=0.0%). A 5% of energy increment in LA intake replacing energy from saturated fat intake was associated with a 9% lower risk of CHD events (RR, 0.91; 95% confidence intervals, 0.87-0.96) and a 13% lower risk of CHD deaths (RR, 0.87; 95% confidence intervals, 0.82-0.94). CONCLUSIONS In prospective observational studies, dietary LA intake is inversely associated with CHD risk in a dose-response manner. These data provide support for current recommendations to replace saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat for primary prevention of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam S Farvid
- From the Departments of Nutrition (M.S.F., M.D., Q.S., S.E.C., W.C.W., F.B.H.) and Epidemiology (W.C.W., F.B.H.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Community Nutrition (M.S.F.), Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health and Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (A.P.), National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Republic of Singapore; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine (Q.S., W.C.W., F.B.H.) and Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.E.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Division of Epidemiology and Community Health (L.M.S.), University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minnesota, MN
| | - Ming Ding
- From the Departments of Nutrition (M.S.F., M.D., Q.S., S.E.C., W.C.W., F.B.H.) and Epidemiology (W.C.W., F.B.H.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Community Nutrition (M.S.F.), Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health and Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (A.P.), National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Republic of Singapore; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine (Q.S., W.C.W., F.B.H.) and Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.E.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Division of Epidemiology and Community Health (L.M.S.), University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minnesota, MN
| | - An Pan
- From the Departments of Nutrition (M.S.F., M.D., Q.S., S.E.C., W.C.W., F.B.H.) and Epidemiology (W.C.W., F.B.H.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Community Nutrition (M.S.F.), Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health and Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (A.P.), National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Republic of Singapore; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine (Q.S., W.C.W., F.B.H.) and Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.E.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Division of Epidemiology and Community Health (L.M.S.), University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minnesota, MN
| | - Qi Sun
- From the Departments of Nutrition (M.S.F., M.D., Q.S., S.E.C., W.C.W., F.B.H.) and Epidemiology (W.C.W., F.B.H.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Community Nutrition (M.S.F.), Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health and Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (A.P.), National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Republic of Singapore; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine (Q.S., W.C.W., F.B.H.) and Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.E.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Division of Epidemiology and Community Health (L.M.S.), University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minnesota, MN
| | - Stephanie E Chiuve
- From the Departments of Nutrition (M.S.F., M.D., Q.S., S.E.C., W.C.W., F.B.H.) and Epidemiology (W.C.W., F.B.H.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Community Nutrition (M.S.F.), Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health and Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (A.P.), National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Republic of Singapore; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine (Q.S., W.C.W., F.B.H.) and Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.E.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Division of Epidemiology and Community Health (L.M.S.), University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minnesota, MN
| | - Lyn M Steffen
- From the Departments of Nutrition (M.S.F., M.D., Q.S., S.E.C., W.C.W., F.B.H.) and Epidemiology (W.C.W., F.B.H.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Community Nutrition (M.S.F.), Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health and Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (A.P.), National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Republic of Singapore; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine (Q.S., W.C.W., F.B.H.) and Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.E.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Division of Epidemiology and Community Health (L.M.S.), University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minnesota, MN
| | - Walter C Willett
- From the Departments of Nutrition (M.S.F., M.D., Q.S., S.E.C., W.C.W., F.B.H.) and Epidemiology (W.C.W., F.B.H.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Community Nutrition (M.S.F.), Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health and Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (A.P.), National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Republic of Singapore; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine (Q.S., W.C.W., F.B.H.) and Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.E.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Division of Epidemiology and Community Health (L.M.S.), University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minnesota, MN
| | - Frank B Hu
- From the Departments of Nutrition (M.S.F., M.D., Q.S., S.E.C., W.C.W., F.B.H.) and Epidemiology (W.C.W., F.B.H.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Community Nutrition (M.S.F.), Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health and Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (A.P.), National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Republic of Singapore; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine (Q.S., W.C.W., F.B.H.) and Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.E.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Division of Epidemiology and Community Health (L.M.S.), University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minnesota, MN.
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16
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Chandran U, McCann SE, Zirpoli G, Gong Z, Lin Y, Hong CC, Ciupak G, Pawlish K, Ambrosone CB, Bandera EV. Intake of energy-dense foods, fast foods, sugary drinks, and breast cancer risk in African American and European American women. Nutr Cancer 2014; 66:1187-99. [PMID: 25265504 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2014.951737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Limiting energy-dense foods, fast foods, and sugary drinks that promote weight gain is a cancer prevention recommendation, but no studies have evaluated intake in relation to breast cancer risk in African American (AA) women. In a case-control study with 1692 AA women (803 cases and 889 controls) and 1456 European American (EA) women (755 cases and 701 controls), odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for risk were computed, stratifying for menopausal and estrogen receptor (ER) status. Among postmenopausal EA women, breast cancer risk was associated with frequent consumption of energy-dense foods (OR = 2.95; 95% CI: 1.66-5.22), fast foods (OR = 2.35; 95% CI: 1.38-4.00), and sugary drinks (OR = 2.05; 95% CI: 1.13-3.70). Elevated risk of ER+ tumors in EA women was associated with energy-dense (OR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.14-2.69) and fast foods (OR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.22-2.77). Among AA women, frequent fast food consumption was related to premenopausal breast cancer risk (OR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.13-3.43), and with ER+ tumors. Energy adjustment attenuated risk estimates in AA women, while strengthening them among EA women. Frequent consumption of energy-dense and fast foods that have poor nutritive value appeared to increase breast cancer risk in AA and EA women, with differences by menopausal status and ER status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urmila Chandran
- a Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick , New Jersey , USA and
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Mourouti N, Kontogianni MD, Papavagelis C, Panagiotakos DB. Diet and breast cancer: a systematic review. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2014; 66:1-42. [DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2014.950207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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18
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Schwab U, Lauritzen L, Tholstrup T, Haldorsson TI, Riserus U, Uusitupa M, Becker W. Effect of the amount and type of dietary fat on cardiometabolic risk factors and risk of developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer: a systematic review. Food Nutr Res 2014; 58:25145. [PMID: 25045347 PMCID: PMC4095759 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v58.25145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of both the amount and quality of dietary fat have been studied intensively during the past decades. Previously, low-fat diets were recommended without much attention to the quality of fat, whereas there is general emphasis on the quality of fat in current guidelines. The objective of this systematic review (SR) was to assess the evidence of an effect of the amount and type of dietary fat on body weight (BW), risk factors, and risk of non-communicable diseases, that is, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and cancer in healthy subjects or subjects at risk for these diseases. This work was performed in the process of updating the fourth edition of the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations from 2004. The literature search was performed in October 2010 covering articles published since January 2000. A complementary search was done in February 2012 covering literature until December 2011. Two authors independently selected articles for inclusion from a total of about 16,000 abstracts according to predefined criteria. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) and prospective cohort studies (PCS) were included as well as nested case-control studies. A few retrospective case-control studies were also included when limited or no data were available from other study types. Altogether 607 articles were quality graded and the observed effects in these papers were summarized. Convincing evidence was found that partial replacement of saturated fat (SFA) with polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) or monounsaturated fat (MUFA) lowers fasting serum/plasma total and LDL cholesterol concentrations. The evidence was probable for a decreasing effect of fish oil on concentration of serum/plasma total triglycerides as compared with MUFA. Beneficial effect of MUFA both on insulin sensitivity and fasting plasma/serum insulin concentration was considered as probable in comparisons of MUFA and carbohydrates versus SFA, whereas no effect was found on fasting glucose concentration in these comparisons. There was probable evidence for a moderate direct association between total fat intake and BW. Furthermore, there was convincing evidence that partial replacement of SFA with PUFA decreases the risk of CVD, especially in men. This finding was supported by an association with biomarkers of PUFA intake; the evidence of a beneficial effect of dietary total PUFA, n-6 PUFA, and linoleic acid (LA) on CVD mortality was limited suggestive. Evidence for a direct association between total fat intake and risk of T2DM was inconclusive, whereas there was limited-suggestive evidence from biomarker studies that LA is inversely associated with the risk of T2DM. However, there was limited-suggestive evidence in biomarker studies that odd-chain SFA found in milk fat and fish may be inversely related to T2DM, but these associations have not been supported by controlled studies. The evidence for an association between dietary n-3 PUFA and T2DM was inconclusive. Evidence for effects of fat on major types of cancer was inconclusive regarding both the amount and quality of dietary fat, except for prostate cancer where there was limited-suggestive evidence for an inverse association with intake of ALA and for ovarian cancer for which there was limited-suggestive evidence for a positive association with intake of SFA. This SR reviewed a large number of studies focusing on several different health outcomes. The time period covered by the search may not have allowed obtaining the full picture of the evidence in all areas covered by this SR. However, several SRs and meta-analyses that covered studies published before year 2000 were evaluated, which adds confidence to the results. Many of the investigated questions remain unresolved, mainly because of few studies on certain outcomes, conflicting results from studies, and lack of high quality-controlled studies. There is thus an evident need of highly controlled RCT and PCS with sufficient number of subjects and long enough duration, specifically regarding the effects of the amount and quality of dietary fat on insulin sensitivity, T2DM, low-grade inflammation, and blood pressure. New metabolic and other potential risk markers and utilization of new methodology in the area of lipid metabolism may provide new insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Schwab
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lotte Lauritzen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tine Tholstrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thorhallur I. Haldorsson
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland & University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ulf Riserus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Lin L, Allemekinders H, Dansby A, Campbell L, Durance-Tod S, Berger A, Jones PJH. Evidence of health benefits of canola oil. Nutr Rev 2013; 71:370-85. [PMID: 23731447 PMCID: PMC3746113 DOI: 10.1111/nure.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Canola oil-based diets have been shown to reduce plasma cholesterol levels in comparison with diets containing higher levels of saturated fatty acids. Consumption of canola oil also influences biological functions that affect various other biomarkers of disease risk. Previous reviews have focused on the health effects of individual components of canola oil. Here, the objective is to address the health effects of intact canola oil, as this has immediate practical implications for consumers, nutritionists, and others deciding which oil to consume or recommend. A literature search was conducted to examine the effects of canola oil consumption on coronary heart disease, insulin sensitivity, lipid peroxidation, inflammation, energy metabolism, and cancer cell growth. Data reveal substantial reductions in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, as well as other positive actions, including increased tocopherol levels and improved insulin sensitivity, compared with consumption of other dietary fat sources. In summary, growing scientific evidence supports the use of canola oil, beyond its beneficial actions on circulating lipid levels, as a health-promoting component of the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Departments of Food Science and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
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Vera-Ramirez L, Ramirez-Tortosa MC, Sanchez-Rovira P, Ramirez-Tortosa CL, Granados-Principal S, Lorente JA, Quiles JL. Impact of Diet on Breast Cancer Risk: A Review of Experimental and Observational Studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2013; 53:49-75. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2010.521600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Wang L, Liao WC, Tsai CJ, Wang LR, Mao IF, Chen CC, Kao PF, Yao CC. The Effects of Perceived Stress and Life Style Leading to Breast Cancer. Women Health 2013; 53:20-40. [DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2012.732680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Diet-induced metabolic change induces estrogen-independent allometric mammary growth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:16294-9. [PMID: 22988119 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210527109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifetime breast cancer risk reflects an unresolved combination of early life factors including diet, body mass index, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and age at first menses. In parallel, the onset of allometric growth by the mammary glands around puberty is widely held to be estrogen (E)-dependent. Here we report that several physiological changes associated with metabolic syndrome in response to a diet supplemented with the trans-10, cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid lead to ovary-independent allometric growth of the mammary ducts. The E-independence of this diet-induced growth was highlighted by the fact that it occurred both in male mice and with pharmacological inhibition of either E receptor function or E biosynthesis. Reversal of the metabolic phenotype with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonist rosiglitazone abrogated diet-induced mammary growth. A role for hyperinsulinemia and increased insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) expression during mammary growth induced by the trans-10, cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid was confirmed by its reversal upon pharmacological inhibition of IGF-IR function. Diet-stimulated ductal growth also increased mammary tumorigenesis in ovariectomized polyomavirus middle T-antigen mice. Our data demonstrate that diet-induced metabolic dysregulation, independently of ovarian function, stimulates allometric growth within the mammary glands via an IGF-IR-dependent mechanism.
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Grunda JM, Steg AD, He Q, Steciuk MR, Byan-Parker S, Johnson MR, Grizzle WE. Differential expression of breast cancer-associated genes between stage- and age-matched tumor specimens from African- and Caucasian-American Women diagnosed with breast cancer. BMC Res Notes 2012; 5:248. [PMID: 22616718 PMCID: PMC3476447 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies suggest that the poorer breast cancer outcome observed in African-American women (AAW) may, in part, result from underlying molecular factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate gene expression differences between Caucasian-American women (CAW) and AAW that may contribute to this poorer prognosis. Methods The expression of 84 genes involved in breast carcinoma prognosis, response to therapy, estrogen signaling, and tumor aggressiveness was assessed in age- and stage-matched CAW and AAW paraffin-embedded breast cancer specimens. The Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney Test was used to identify genes with a significant difference in expression between CAW and AAW. To determine if the differentially expressed genes could segregate between the CAW and AAW, we performed semi-supervised principal component analysis (SSPCA). Results Twenty genes were differentially expressed between AAW and CAW. SSPCA incorporating these 20 genes segregated AAW and CAW into two distinct groups. AAW were significantly (p < 0.05) more likely to display aberrations in G1/S cell-cycle regulatory genes, decreased expression of cell-adhesion genes, and low to no expression of ESR1, PGR, ERBB2 and estrogen pathway targets. Conclusions The gene expression differences identified between AAW and CAW may contribute to more aggressive disease, resistance to therapy, enhanced metastatic potential and poor clinical outcome. These findings support the hypothesis that breast cancer specimens collected from AAW display distinct gene expression differences compared to similar tissues obtained from CAW. Additional population-based studies are necessary to determine if these gene expression variations contribute to the highly aggressive and treatment-resistant breast cancer phenotype frequently observed in AAW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Grunda
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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The role of anthropometric and nutritional factors on breast cancer risk in African-American women. Public Health Nutr 2011; 15:738-48. [PMID: 22122844 DOI: 10.1017/s136898001100303x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While the role of nutrition, physical activity and body size on breast cancer risk has been extensively investigated, most of these studies were conducted in Caucasian populations. However, there are well-known differences in tumour biology and the prevalence of these factors between African-American and Caucasian women. The objective of the present paper was to conduct a review of the role of dietary factors, anthropometry and physical activity on breast cancer risk in African-American women. DESIGN Twenty-six research articles that presented risk estimates on these factors in African-American women and five articles involving non-US black women were included in the current review. SETTING Racial disparities in the impact of anthropometric and nutritional factors on breast cancer risk. SUBJECTS African-American and non-US black women. RESULTS Based on the few studies that presented findings in African-American women, an inverse association with physical activity was found for pre- and postmenopausal African-American women, while the association for anthropometric and other dietary factors, such as alcohol, was unclear. Studies assessing the effect by molecular subtypes in African-American women were too few and based on sample sizes too small to provide definitive conclusions. CONCLUSIONS The effect of certain nutrition and lifestyle factors on breast cancer in African-American women is not starkly distinct from those observed in white women. However, there is an enormous need for further research on this minority group to obtain more confirmatory findings.
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Chajès V, Biessy C, Byrnes G, Deharveng G, Saadatian-Elahi M, Jenab M, Peeters PHM, Ocké M, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Johansson I, Hallmans G, Manjer J, Wirfält E, Jakszyn P, González CA, Huerta JM, Martinez C, Amiano P, Suárez LR, Ardanaz E, Tjønneland A, Halkjaer J, Overvad K, Jakobsen MU, Berrino F, Pala V, Palli D, Tumino R, Vineis P, de Magistris MS, Spencer EA, Crowe FL, Bingham S, Khaw KT, Linseisen J, Rohrmann S, Boeing H, Nöethlings U, Olsen KS, Skeie G, Lund E, Trichopoulou A, Zilis D, Oustoglou E, Clavel-Chapelon F, Riboli E, Slimani N. Ecological-level associations between highly processed food intakes and plasma phospholipid elaidic acid concentrations: results from a cross-sectional study within the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC). Nutr Cancer 2011; 63:1235-50. [PMID: 22043987 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2011.617530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Elaidic acid is the main unnatural trans fatty acid isomer occurring during partial hydrogenation of vegetable oils used as ingredients for the formulation of processed foods. The main objective is to assess associations between processed food intakes and plasma phospholipid elaidic acid concentrations within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. A cross-sectional study was used to determine fatty acid profiles in 3,003 subjects from 16 centers. Single 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDR) were collected using a standardized computerized interview program. Food intakes were computed according to their degree of processing (moderately/nonprocessed foods, processed staple foods, highly processed foods). Adjusted ecological and individual correlations were calculated between processed food intakes and plasma elaidic acid levels. At the population level, mean intakes of highly processed foods were strongly correlated with mean levels of plasma elaidic acid in men (P = 0.0016) and in women (P = 0.0012). At the individual level, these associations remained but at a much lower level in men (r = 0.08, P = 0.006) and in women (r = 0.09, P = 0.0001). The use of an averaged 24-HDR measure of highly processed food intakes is adequate for predicting mean levels of plasma elaidic acid among European populations.
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Murtaugh MA, Herrick J, Sweeney C, Guiliano A, Baumgartner K, Byers T, Slattery M. Macronutrient composition influence on breast cancer risk in Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women: the 4-Corners Breast Cancer Study. Nutr Cancer 2011; 63:185-95. [PMID: 21271459 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2011.523499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The association of dietary macronutrient composition with risk of breast cancer is not well understood. We investigated the macronutrient composition of diet in the 4-Corners Breast Cancer Study. Logistic regression models were used for case-control comparisons adjusted for age, center, education, smoking, total activity, calories, dietary fiber, dietary calcium, height, parity, recent hormone exposure, reference year body mass index (BMI), and the interaction of BMI and recent hormone exposure. Breast cancer risk declined with increasing dietary fat and increased with carbohydrates similarly across ethnicity and menopausal status. Associations of carbohydrate (direct) and fat (inverse), particularly saturated and monounsaturated fat, with breast cancer were present among normal and overweight postmenopausal women and absent among obese postmenopausal women. No substantive differences were noted in the association of macronutrients with risk of breast cancer between non-Hispanic white and Hispanic women. Associations of the macronutrients carbohydrate and fat with breast cancer risk were attenuated among postmenopausal obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen A Murtaugh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA.
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Tramm R, McCarthy AL, Yates P. Dietary modification for women after breast cancer treatment: a narrative review. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2011; 20:294-304. [PMID: 21362074 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2354.2011.01238.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diet is thought to account for about 25% of cancers in developed countries. It is well documented that the risks associated with both the breast cancer itself and its treatments are important for women previously treated for breast cancer. Women are at risk of recurrence of the primary disease and prone to develop treatment-induced co-morbidities, some of which are thought to be modified by diet. With a view to making dietary recommendations for the breast cancer patients we encounter in our clinical nursing research, we mined the literature to scope the most current robust evidence concerning the role of the diet in protecting women against the recurrence of breast cancer and its potential to ameliorate some of the longer-term morbidities associated with the disease. We found that the evidence about the role of the diet in breast cancer recurrence is largely inconclusive. However, drawing on international guidelines enabled us to make three definitive recommendations: women at risk of breast cancer recurrence, or who experience co-morbidities as a result of treatment, should limit their exposure to alcohol, moderate their nutritional intake so it does not contribute to post-menopausal weight gain, and should adhere to a balanced diet. Nursing education planned for breast cancer patients about dietary issues should ideally be individually tailored, based on a good understanding of the international recommendations and the evidence underpinning them.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tramm
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queensland University of Technology, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland.
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Pauwels EKJ. The protective effect of the Mediterranean diet: focus on cancer and cardiovascular risk. Med Princ Pract 2011; 20:103-11. [PMID: 21252562 DOI: 10.1159/000321197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2010] [Accepted: 06/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The lower occurrence of cancer and cardiovascular disease in the population around the Mediterranean basin has been linked to the dietary habits of the region. Indeed, this so-called Mediterranean diet is essentially different from the diets consumed in Western and Northern European countries and is rich in nuts, fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole-wheat bread, fish, and olive oil, with moderate amounts of red wine, which is mainly consumed during meals. Although a variety of cultural and religious traditions exist among the peoples of the Mediterranean area, olive oil, fish, and red wine hold a traditional and central position in the culinary routines of the region. The components of the diet contain an ample source of molecules with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, among which omega-3 fatty acids, oleic acid, and phenolic compounds hold a prominent place. This review will summarize the results of important epidemiological studies that have investigated the protective effect of fish and olive oil on the risk of breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer and of wine on the risk of cardiovascular disease. The present review also aims to elucidate the various mechanisms by which various dietary components exhibit their beneficial action. In this respect, emphasis will be placed on the properties of omega-3 fatty acids from fish, oleic acid from olive oil, and phenolic compounds from olive oil and red wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest K J Pauwels
- University of Pisa Medical School, Pisa, Italy. ernestpauwels @ gmail.com
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Cho K, Mabasa L, Fowler AW, Walsh DM, Park CS. Canola oil inhibits breast cancer cell growth in cultures and in vivo and acts synergistically with chemotherapeutic drugs. Lipids 2010; 45:777-84. [PMID: 20730604 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-010-3462-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2010] [Accepted: 08/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Certain fatty acids in canola oil (CAN) have been associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer. This study assessed the effects of CAN on proliferation and death of human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo in chemically induced mammary carcinogenesis. We hypothesize that CAN reduces breast cancer cell growth by inducing cell death. In a series of in vitro experiments, human breast cancer T47D and MCF-7 cells were cultured and treated with CAN and two chemotherapeutic drugs, tamoxifen and cerulenin. Cell proliferation and caspase-3 and p53 activities were measured. Reduced cancer cell growth and increased expression of caspase-3 and p53 were seen in T47D and MCF-7 cells treated with CAN. Moreover, CAN showed synergistic cancer cell growth inhibition effects with tamoxifen and cerulenin. In a subsequent live animal experiment, 42 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to corn oil (CORN) or CAN diets, and mammary tumors were chemically induced by N-nitroso-N-methylurea. CAN-dieted rats had reduced tumor volumes and showed an increased survival rate as compared to CORN-dieted rats. We demonstrated that CAN has suppressive effects on cancer growth, and reduces tumor volumes. The results suggest that CAN may have inhibitory effects on breast cancer cell growth, and warrants further investigation of the synergistic effects of CAN with anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyongshin Cho
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, North University Drive, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
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Ion G, Akinsete JA, Hardman WE. Maternal consumption of canola oil suppressed mammary gland tumorigenesis in C3(1) TAg mice offspring. BMC Cancer 2010; 10:81. [PMID: 20205934 PMCID: PMC2846884 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-10-81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2009] [Accepted: 03/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal consumption of a diet high in omega 6 polyunsaturated fats (n-6 PUFA) has been shown to increase risk whereas a diet high in omega 3 polyunsaturated fats (n-3 PUFA) from fish oil has been shown to decrease risk for mammary gland cancer in female offspring of rats. The aim of this study was to determine whether increasing n-3 PUFA and reducing n-6 PUFA by using canola oil instead of corn oil in the maternal diet might reduce the risk for breast cancer in female offspring. METHODS Female SV 129 mice were divided into two groups and placed on diets containing either 10% w/w corn oil (which is 50% n-6 PUFA, control diet) or 10% w/w canola oil (which is 20% n-6 PUFA, 10% n-3 PUFA, test diet). After two weeks on the diets the females were bred with homozygous C3(1) TAg transgenic mice. Mother mice consumed the assigned diet throughout gestation and nursing of the offspring. After weaning, all female offspring were maintained on the control diet. RESULTS Compared to offspring of mothers fed the corn oil diet (CO/CO group), offspring of mothers fed the canola oil diet (CA/CO group) had significantly fewer mammary glands with tumors throughout the experiment. At 130 days of age, the CA/CO group had significantly fewer tumors per mouse (multiplicity); the tumor incidence (fraction of mice with any tumor) and the total tumor weight (per mouse that developed tumor) was less than one half that of the CO/CO group. At 170 days of age, the total tumor weight per mouse was significantly less in the CA/CO group and if a tumor developed the rate of tumor growth rate was half that of CO/CO group. These results indicate that maternal consumption of canola oil was associated with delayed appearance of mammary gland tumors and slowed growth of the tumors that developed. CONCLUSIONS Substituting canola oil for corn oil is an easy dietary change for people to make; such a change to the maternal diet may decrease risk for breast cancer in the daughter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Ion
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, West Virginia, USA
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Lifestyle as risk factor for cancer: Evidence from human studies. Cancer Lett 2010; 293:133-43. [PMID: 20080335 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/17/2009] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
It is increasingly appreciated that the chances of developing cancer are significantly affected by the choice of our lifestyle. There are several uncontrollable risk factors which account for the majority of cancers, but we can modify our lifestyle to reduce enhanced threat of cancer. Healthy lifestyle behaviors for cancer risk reduction include a healthy diet, weight management, regular exercise, reduction in alcohol consumption and smoking cessation. In this article, we present evidences on the association between certain lifestyle characteristics and their contribution for developing breast, prostate, lung and colon cancers, using information derived from human studies.
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Abstract
The association between trans-fatty acids (TFA) and cancer risk is poorly understood and remains controversial. It is recognised that unique biological effects are associated with specific isoforms within families of fatty acids such as those belonging to the n-3 fatty acids. Furthermore, the interactions between diet and genetic polymorphisms are increasingly recognised for their potential risk-modifying effects on human health and disease. Therefore, the aim of the present review is to evaluate whether specific TFA isomers and genetic polymorphisms differentially modify cancer risk in prostate, colon and breast cancers in animal and human models. Potential mechanisms of action by which TFA may affect cancer development are also reviewed. Overall, across a number of experimental models and human studies, there is insufficient and inconsistent evidence linking specific TFA isomers to cancers of the prostate, colon and breast. A number of methodological limitations and experimental considerations were identified which may explain the inconsistencies observed across these studies. Therefore, further research is warranted to accurately assess the relationship between TFA and cancer risk.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Breast cancer is the most common female cancer in Western Europe and North America, and becoming an increasing problem in developing countries such as India and China. We review recent studies (published 1 January 2007-31 August 2008) on the impact of diet on breast cancer risk. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have focused on the controversial association for dietary fat and breast cancer as well as the role of newer aspects such as glycemic index, dietary patterns and diet-gene interactions. Evidence that some of the associations may be modified by oestrogen and progesterone receptor status has been presented. Still, only alcohol intake, being overweight and weight gain have shown consistent and strong positive associations with breast cancer risk. The reasons for the null or weak associations often observed regarding diet and breast cancer might be several. For example, there may be no causal association, or existing associations may be masked by measurement error, timing of dietary exposure and differences according to tumour characteristics or diet-gene interactions. SUMMARY Numerous epidemiological studies on diet and breast cancer have been published during our review period. Still, only alcohol intake, being overweight and weight gain have shown consistent and strong positive associations with breast cancer risk.
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2009; 21:101-9. [DOI: 10.1097/gco.0b013e3283240745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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