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Kaviani E, Hajibabaie F, Abedpoor N, Safavi K, Ahmadi Z, Karimy A. System biology analysis to develop diagnostic biomarkers, monitoring pathological indexes, and novel therapeutic approaches for immune targeting based on maggot bioactive compounds and polyphenolic cocktails in mice with gastric cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117168. [PMID: 37742751 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Early diagnosis and prognosis are prerequisites for mitigating mortality in gastric cancer (GaCa). Identifying some causative or sensitive elements (coding RNA (cRNA)-non-cRNAs (ncRNAs)) can be very helpful in the early diagnosis of GaCa. Notably, despite significant development in the GaCa treatment, the outcome of patients does not remain satisfactory due to limitations such as multi-drug resistance and tumor relapse. Therefore, more attention has been drawn to complementary therapies and the use of supplements. In this regard, Polyphenol natural compounds (PNC) and maggot larvae (MaLa) alone or in combination were administered along with chemotherapy (paclitaxel) to N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)- induced murine tumor model. In addition, in order to identify potential diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers, transcriptomics analysis was performed through a bioinformatics approach. Then transcription profile of ncRNAs with their target hub genes was assessed through qPCR Real-Time, Western blot, and ELISA. According to the bioinformatics results, 17 hub genes (e.g., IL-6, CXCL8, MKI67, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-1β, SPP1, LOX, COL1A1, and IFN-γ) were explored that contribute towards inflammation and oxidative stress and ultimately GaCa development. Upstream of the mentioned hub genes, regulatory factors (lncRNA XIST and NEAT1) were also identified and introduced as prognosis and diagnosis biomarkers for GaCa. Our results showed that PNC alone and in combination with MaLa was able to reduce the size and number of tumors, which is related to the reduction of genes expression levels (including IL-6, CXCL8, MKI67, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-1β, SPP1, LOX, COL1A1, IFN-γ, NEAT1, and XIST). In conclusion, PNC and MaLa have the potential to be considered as complementary and improving chemotherapy due to their effective compounds. Also, the introduced hub gene and lncRNA in addition to diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers can be used as druggable proteins for novel therapeutic targeting of GaCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Kaviani
- Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Hajibabaie
- Department of Physiology, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Navid Abedpoor
- Department of Physiology, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Kamran Safavi
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Medicinal Plants Research Centre, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Zahra Ahmadi
- Department of Physiology, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Azadeh Karimy
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Medicinal Plants Research Centre, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
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de Luna FCF, Ferreira WAS, Casseb SMM, de Oliveira EHC. Anticancer Potential of Flavonoids: An Overview with an Emphasis on Tangeretin. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1229. [PMID: 37765037 PMCID: PMC10537037 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds with pharmacological activity, flavonoids have been the subject of an exponential increase in studies in the field of scientific research focused on therapeutic purposes due to their bioactive properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, antibacterial, antiviral, neuroprotective, radioprotective, and antitumor activities. The biological potential of flavonoids, added to their bioavailability, cost-effectiveness, and minimal side effects, direct them as promising cytotoxic anticancer compounds in the optimization of therapies and the search for new drugs in the treatment of cancer, since some extensively antineoplastic therapeutic approaches have become less effective due to tumor resistance to drugs commonly used in chemotherapy. In this review, we emphasize the antitumor properties of tangeretin, a flavonoid found in citrus fruits that has shown activity against some hallmarks of cancer in several types of cancerous cell lines, such as antiproliferative, apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-metastatic, anti-angiogenic, antioxidant, regulatory expression of tumor-suppressor genes, and epigenetic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Canindé Ferreira de Luna
- Laboratory of Cytogenomics and Environmental Mutagenesis, Environment Section (SEAMB), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), BR 316, KM 7, s/n, Levilândia, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil; (W.A.S.F.); (E.H.C.d.O.)
| | - Wallax Augusto Silva Ferreira
- Laboratory of Cytogenomics and Environmental Mutagenesis, Environment Section (SEAMB), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), BR 316, KM 7, s/n, Levilândia, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil; (W.A.S.F.); (E.H.C.d.O.)
| | | | - Edivaldo Herculano Correa de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cytogenomics and Environmental Mutagenesis, Environment Section (SEAMB), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), BR 316, KM 7, s/n, Levilândia, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil; (W.A.S.F.); (E.H.C.d.O.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Rua Augusto Correa, 01, Belém 66075-990, Brazil
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Farhan M. Insights on the Role of Polyphenols in Combating Cancer Drug Resistance. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1709. [PMID: 37371804 PMCID: PMC10296548 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance is still a serious problem in the treatment of most cancers. Many cellular and molecular mechanisms contribute to both inherent and acquired drug resistance. They include the use of unaffected growth-signaling pathways, changes in the tumor microenvironment, and the active transport of medicines out of the cell. The antioxidant capacity of polyphenols and their potential to inhibit the activation of procarcinogens, cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis, as well as to promote the inhibition or downregulation of active drug efflux transporters, have been linked to a reduced risk of cancer in epidemiological studies. Polyphenols also have the ability to alter immunological responses and inflammatory cascades, as well as trigger apoptosis in cancer cells. The discovery of the relationship between abnormal growth signaling and metabolic dysfunction in cancer cells highlights the importance of further investigating the effects of dietary polyphenols, including their ability to boost the efficacy of chemotherapy and avoid multidrug resistance (MDR). Here, it is summarized what is known regarding the effectiveness of natural polyphenolic compounds in counteracting the resistance that might develop to cancer drugs as a result of a variety of different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Farhan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Li J, Wang L, Sun Y, Wang Z, Qian Y, Duraisamy V, Antary TMA. Zerumbone-induced reactive oxygen species-mediated oxidative stress re-sensitizes breast cancer cells to paclitaxel. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023; 70:28-37. [PMID: 35240000 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is an effective approach for cancer therapy when plant-derived sensitizers are combined with chemotherapeutics. Zerumbone, a natural phytochemical, has been documented to have various pharmacological roles. Here, we evaluated the chemosensitization potential of zerumbone in a breast cancer cell line in vitro. Zerumbone-induced cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cells was assessed by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT)-based metabolic analysis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated mitochondrial membrane alterations, DNA damage, and apoptotic morphological changes were measured by fluorescence microscopy methods. A biochemical assay was employed to analyze Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and antioxidant levels. Apoptotic marker expression levels were investigated by immunoblotting. MTT assay revealed that zerumbone significantly enhanced paclitaxel (PTX)-induced cell death in breast cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that zerumbone (15 μM) significantly enhanced ROS when combined with PTX (1 μM) treatment. Additionally, we observed that zerumbone enhanced the impairment of mitochondrial membrane potential and oxidative DNA damage, thereby inducing apoptosis in combination with PTX. Western blot analysis indicated that zerumbone significantly upregulated BAX, caspase-7, and caspase-9 expression and decreased BCL-2 expression, thereby inducing proapoptotic protein-mediated cell death combined with PTX. The prooxidant properties of zerumbone potentially resensitize breast cancer cells to PTX by enhancing intracellular ROS-mediated oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutao Li
- Breast and Thyroid Surgery Ward 1, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Lingying Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuxin Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Pharmacy Medical Guarantee Center, PLA General Hospital in The Fourth Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Qian
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hai 'an Hospital of Nantong University, Haian, Jiangsu, 226600, China
| | | | - Tawfiq M Al Antary
- Pesticide and Economic Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Krejbich P, Birringer M. The Self-Administered Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Supplements and Antioxidants in Cancer Therapy and the Critical Role of Nrf-2-A Systematic Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2149. [PMID: 36358521 PMCID: PMC9686580 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) supplements are widely used by cancer patients. Dietary supplements, vitamins and minerals, herbal remedies, and antioxidants are especially popular. In a systematic literature review, 37 studies, each including more than 1000 participants, on CAM, dietary supplement, and vitamin use among cancer patients were identified. Accordingly, cancer patients use antioxidants such as vitamin C (from 2.6% (United Kingdom) to 41.6% (United States)) and vitamin E (from 2.9% (China) to 48% (United States)). Dietary supplements and vitamins are taken for different reasons, but often during conventional cancer treatment involving chemotherapy or radiotherapy and in a self-decided manner without seeking medical advice from healthcare professionals. Drug-drug interactions with dietary supplements or vitamins involving multiple signaling pathways are well described. Since most of the anticancer drugs generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), an adaptive stress response of healthy and malignant cells, mainly driven by the Nrf-2-Keap I network, can be observed. On the one hand, healthy cells should be protected from ROS-overproducing chemotherapy and radiotherapy; on the other hand, ROS production in cancer cells is a "desirable side effect" during anticancer drug treatment. We here describe the paradoxical use of antioxidants and supplements during cancer therapy, possible interactions with anticancer drugs, and the involvement of the Nrf-2 transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Krejbich
- Department of Nutritional, Food and Consumer Sciences, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Leipziger Straße 123, 36037 Fulda, Germany
- Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Ernährung, Lebensmittel und Nachhaltige Versorgungssysteme (ELVe), Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Leipziger Straße 123, 36037 Fulda, Germany
- Public Health Zentrum Fulda, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Leipziger Straße 123, 36037 Fulda, Germany
| | - Marc Birringer
- Department of Nutritional, Food and Consumer Sciences, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Leipziger Straße 123, 36037 Fulda, Germany
- Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Ernährung, Lebensmittel und Nachhaltige Versorgungssysteme (ELVe), Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Leipziger Straße 123, 36037 Fulda, Germany
- Public Health Zentrum Fulda, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Leipziger Straße 123, 36037 Fulda, Germany
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Mohapatra P, Singh P, Singh D, Sahoo S, Sahoo SK. Phytochemical based nanomedicine: a panacea for cancer treatment, present status and future prospective. OPENNANO 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Wu H, Du J, Li C, Li H, Guo H, Li Z. Kaempferol Can Reverse the 5-Fu Resistance of Colorectal Cancer Cells by Inhibiting PKM2-Mediated Glycolysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3544. [PMID: 35408903 PMCID: PMC8998549 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) chemotherapy is the main cause of treatment failure in the cure of colon cancer. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore a safe and effective multidrug resistance reversal agent for colorectal cancer, which would be of great significance for improving clinical efficacy. The dietary flavonoid kaempferol plays a key role in the progression of colorectal cancer and 5-Fu resistance. However, the molecular mechanism of kaempferol in reversing 5-Fu resistance in human colorectal cancer cells is still unclear. We found that kaempferol could reverse the drug resistance of HCT8-R cells to 5-Fu, suggesting that kaempferol alone or in combination with 5-Fu has the potential to treat colorectal cancer. It is well known that aerobic glycolysis is related to tumor growth and chemotherapy resistance. Indeed, kaempferol treatment significantly reduced glucose uptake and lactic acid production in drug-resistant colorectal cancer cells. In terms of mechanism, kaempferol promotes the expression of microRNA-326 (miR-326) in colon cancer cells, and miR-326 could inhibit the process of glycolysis by directly targeting pyruvate kinase M2 isoform (PKM2) 3'-UTR (untranslated region) to inhibit the expression of PKM2 or indirectly block the alternative splicing factors of PKM mRNA, and then reverse the resistance of colorectal cancer cells to 5-Fu. Taken together, our data suggest that kaempferol may play an important role in overcoming resistance to 5-Fu therapy by regulating the miR-326-hnRNPA1/A2/PTBP1-PKM2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haili Wu
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (H.W.); (J.D.); (C.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Jin’e Du
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (H.W.); (J.D.); (C.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Chenglu Li
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (H.W.); (J.D.); (C.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Hanqing Li
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (H.W.); (J.D.); (C.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Huiqin Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
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Fatima H, Kainat A, Akbar F, Khan Shinwari Z, Naz I. Polarity guided extraction, HPLC based phytochemical quantification, and multimode biological evaluation of Otostegia limbata (Benth.) Boiss. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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9
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Shahbaz A, Abbasi BA, Iqbal J, Fatima I, Anber Zahra S, Kanwal S, Devkota HP, Capasso R, Ahmad A, Mahmood T. Chemical composition of Gastrocotyle hispida (Forssk.) bunge and Heliotropium crispum Desf. and evaluation of their multiple in vitro biological potentials. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:6086-6096. [PMID: 34764742 PMCID: PMC8568834 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants largely serve as a source of bioactive compounds in traditional medicines to cure various diseases. The present study was aimed at chemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic and antihemolytic potential of five different extracts of G. hispida and H. crispum (Boraginaceae). G. hispida methanolic extract displayed highest number (eleven) of polyphenolic compounds by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Functional groups were identified by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and elements (Si, Fe, Ba, Mg, Ti, Ca, Mg and Cr) were observed by using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) which were also highly expressed in G. hispida as compared to H. crispum. Antioxidant activity was determined via six assays and antibacterial activity was observed in decreasing order of methanol > ethanol > chloroform > ethyl acetate > n-Hexane in both species. Cytotoxic potential was investigated against brine shrimps and then liver (HepG2) and skin (HT144) cancer cell lines which was detected highest in the G. hispida ethanolic extract (50.76 % and 72.95 %). However, H. crispum chloroform extract revealed highest (31.869 μg/mL) antihemolytic activity and its methanolic extract indicated highest (13.5 %) alpha-amylase inhibitory potential. Altogether, results suggested that both species could be used effectively in food and drug industries owing to the presence of vital bioactive compounds and elements. In future, we recommend to isolate active compounds and to perform in vivo biological assays to further validate their potential biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Shahbaz
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Banzeer Ahsan Abbasi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Iram Fatima
- Department of Biotechnology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Anber Zahra
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Kanwal
- Department of Zoology, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
- Corresponding authors.
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Ramos A, Sadeghi S, Tabatabaeian H. Battling Chemoresistance in Cancer: Root Causes and Strategies to Uproot Them. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9451. [PMID: 34502361 PMCID: PMC8430957 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With nearly 10 million deaths, cancer is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Along with major key parameters that control cancer treatment management, such as diagnosis, resistance to the classical and new chemotherapeutic reagents continues to be a significant problem. Intrinsic or acquired chemoresistance leads to cancer recurrence in many cases that eventually causes failure in the successful treatment and death of cancer patients. Various determinants, including tumor heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment, could cause chemoresistance through a diverse range of mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the key determinants and the underlying mechanisms by which chemoresistance appears. We then describe which strategies have been implemented and studied to combat such a lethal phenomenon in the management of cancer treatment, with emphasis on the need to improve the early diagnosis of cancer complemented by combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Ramos
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore;
| | - Samira Sadeghi
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Hossein Tabatabaeian
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
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Eremina NV, Zhanataev AK, Durnev AD. Induced Cell Death as a Possible Pathway of Antimutagenic Action. Bull Exp Biol Med 2021; 171:1-14. [PMID: 34050413 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-021-05161-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The existing concepts of antimutagenesis are briefly reviewed. Published reports on antimutagenic and proapoptotic properties of some polyphenols and compounds of other chemical groups obtained in representative in vitro and in vivo experiments on eukaryotic test systems are discussed. The relationships between the antimutagenic and proapoptotic properties of the analyzed compounds (naringin, apigenin, resveratrol, curcumin, N-acetylcysteine, etc.) are considered in favor of the hypothesis on induced cell death as an antimutagenic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Eremina
- V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A K Zhanataev
- V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A D Durnev
- V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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Motamedi Z, Amini SA, Raeisi E, Lemoigne Y, Heidarian E. Combined Effects of Protocatechuic Acid and 5-Fluorouracil on p53 Gene Expression and Apoptosis in Gastric Adenocarcinoma Cells. Turk J Pharm Sci 2020; 17:578-585. [PMID: 33389946 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2019.69335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study evaluated the combined effects of protocatechuic acid (PCA) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cells. Materials and Methods The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry technique, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting were used to investigate cytotoxic effects, colony formation, apoptosis, p53 gene expression, and Bcl-2 protein level in AGS cells treated with 5-FU and PCA. Results Our results demonstrated that PCA (500 μM) alone or in combination with 5-FU (10 μM) inhibited AGS cell proliferation, inhibited a colony formation, and increased apoptosis compared with untreated control cells. Moreover, the combined 5-FU/PCA exposure led to upregulation of p53 and downregulation of Bcl-2 protein when compared to the untreated control cells. Conclusion The results demonstrate that the combined 5-FU/PCA may promote antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects with the inhibition of colony formation in AGS cells. The mechanisms by which the combined 5-FU/PCA exposure exerts its effects are associated with upregulation of p53 gene expression and downregulation of Bcl-2 level. Therefore, the combination of 5-FU with PCA not only could be a promising approach to potentially reduce the dose requirements of 5-FU but also could promote apoptosis via p53 and Bcl-2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Motamedi
- Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Sayed Asadollah Amini
- Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Elham Raeisi
- Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Esfandiar Heidarian
- Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Shahrekord, Iran
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Multitherapy magnetic theranostic: Synthesis, characterization and in vitro evaluation of their performance. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 198:111460. [PMID: 33246780 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IONPs) have many potential utilities in biomedicine due to their unique physicochemical properties. With the aim to obtain multifunctional nanoparticles with potential uses for therapy and diagnosis (nanotheranostics), IONPs were synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis assisted by mannose. Two synthetic pathways were evaluated in order to obtain IONPs with suitable properties for biomedical applications. The formulation Mag@Man/H1 presented the best characteristics in terms of size and stability. Mag@Man/H1 was evaluated as: a) drug carrier, b) antioxidant activity, c) magnetic hyperthermia, d) contrast agent for MRI. To evaluate the point a), morin, a natural flavonoid with several pharmaceutical activities, was loaded on the nanoparticles. A high percentage of drug loading was achieved. In point b) it was determined that the carrier itself possess a high activity which increased in morin loaded nanoparticles. Point c) magnetocalorimetric evaluation were carried out at several field conditions. A specific absorption rate value of 121.4 W/gFe was achieved at 52.4 kA/m and 260 kHz and 8.8 W/gFe at 4 kA/m and 100 kHz. Regarding contrast capacity (point d), the r1 value found was close to some contrast agent based on manganese. Although the measured r2 value was quite smaller than other iron oxides, the achieved effect was strong enough to produce negative contrast. From these studies, it was concluded that Mag@Man/H1 could act as a multifunctional nanoplatform for oncological diseases treatments.
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Namdeo AG, Boddu SHS, Amawi H, Ashby CR, Tukaramrao DB, Trivedi P, Babu RJ, Tiwari AK. Flavonoids as Multi-Target Compounds: A Special Emphasis on their Potential as Chemo-adjuvants in Cancer Therapy. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1712-1728. [PMID: 32003663 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200128095248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are low molecular weight, polyphenolic phytochemicals, obtained from secondary metabolism of various plant compounds. They have a spectrum of pharmacological efficacies, including potential anticancer efficacy. Natural flavonoids are present in fruits, vegetables, grains, bark, roots, stems, flowers, tea and wine. Flavonoids can attenuate or inhibit the initiation, promotion and progression of cancer by modulating various enzymes and receptors in diverse pathways that involve cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis and metastasis. Furthermore, in vitro, flavonoids have been shown to reverse multidrug resistance when used as chemo-adjuvants. Flavonoids (both natural and synthetic analogues) interact with several oncogenic targets through dependent and independent mechanisms to mediate their anticancer efficacy in different types of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay G Namdeo
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, India
| | - Sai H S Boddu
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Haneen Amawi
- Department of Pharmacy practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, P.O. BOX 566, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Charles R Ashby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, United States
| | - Diwakar B Tukaramrao
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States
| | - Piyush Trivedi
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, India
| | - R Jayachandra Babu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States
| | - Amit K Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States
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15
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Shan S, Lu Y, Zhang X, Shi J, Li H, Li Z. Inhibitory effect of bound polyphenol from foxtail millet bran on miR-149 methylation increases the chemosensitivity of human colorectal cancer HCT-8/Fu cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:513-523. [PMID: 33011952 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03906-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nature polyphenols widely present in plants and foods are promising candidates in cancer chemotherapy. Emerging evidence has shown that plant polyphenols regulate the expression of miRNAs to exert the anti-Multidrug resistance (MDR) activity, which partly attributes to their regulation on miRNAs methylation. Our previous study found that bound polyphenol from foxtail millet bran (BPIS) had potential as an anti-MDR agent for colorectal cancer (CRC), but its mechanism remains unclear. The present findings demonstrated that BPIS upregulated the expression of miR-149 by reducing the methylation of its CpG islands, which subsequently induced the cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase, resulting in enhancing the chemo-sensitivity of HCT-8/Fu cells. Mechanically, BPIS and its active components (FA and p-CA) reduced miR-149 methylation by inhibiting the expression levels of DNA methyltransferases, promoting a remarkable increase of miR-149 expression. Further, the increased miR-149 induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase by inhibiting the expression of Akt, Cyclin B1 and CDK1, thus increasing the chemosensitivity of HCT-8/Fu cells. Additionally, a strong inducer of DNA de-methylation (5-aza-dc) treatment markedly increased the chemosensitivity of CRC through elevating miR-149 expression, which indicates the hypermethylation of miR-149 may be the key cause of drug resistance in CRC. The study indicates that the enhanced chemosensitivity of BPIS on CRC is mainly attributed to the increase of miR-149 expression induced by methylation inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Shan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiangying Shi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hanqing Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
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16
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Khalil M, Khalifeh H, Baldini F, Serale N, Parodi A, Voci A, Vergani L, Daher A. Antitumor Activity of Ethanolic Extract from Thymbra Spicata L. aerial Parts: Effects on Cell Viability and Proliferation, Apoptosis Induction, STAT3, and NF-kB Signaling. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1193-1206. [PMID: 32696667 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1792517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Thyme-like plants including Thymbra spicata L. are widely used as food and folk medicinal remedies in the Mediterranean area. This study aimed to explore the in vitro antitumor potential of polyphenol-enriched extracts from aerial parts of T. spicata. The ethanolic extract significantly inhibited proliferation of different human tumor cell lines, without significant effects on non-neoplastic cells. A deeper investigation of the molecular mechanism sustaining the in vitro antitumor activity of the extract was carried on the human breast cancer cells MCF-7 in comparison with the normal breast cells MCF-10A. The effects on MCF-7 cells were associated with the following: (i) production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and release of nitric oxide; (ii) apoptosis induction; and (iii) reduction in STAT3 and NF-kB phosphorylation. The ethanolic extract from T. spicata leaves might represent a novel therapeutic tool in combination with conventional chemotherapy to reduce the adverse side effects and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Khalil
- Laboratory Rammal Rammal (ATAC), Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Hala Khalifeh
- Laboratory Rammal Rammal (ATAC), Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Francesca Baldini
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Nadia Serale
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Alessia Parodi
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Adriana Voci
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Laura Vergani
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Ahmad Daher
- Laboratory Rammal Rammal (ATAC), Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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17
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Nasir B, Baig MW, Majid M, Ali SM, Khan MZI, Kazmi STB, Haq IU. Preclinical anticancer studies on the ethyl acetate leaf extracts of Datura stramonium and Datura inoxia. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:188. [PMID: 32552791 PMCID: PMC7302377 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02975-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer is a horrific disease relentlessly affecting human population round the globe. Genus Datura encompasses numerous species with reported medicinal uses. However, its potential as a source of natural anticancer agents is yet to be determined. Datura stramonium (DS) and Datura inoxia (DI) are the two species chosen for this study. Methods Total phenolic and flavonoid content (TPC and TFC) as well as antioxidant activity were assessed through colorimetric method. Polyphenolic quantification was done by RP-HPLC. Following extract standardization ethyl acetate leaf extracts of both species (DSL-EA and DIL-EA) were chosen for anticancer studies. In vitro cytotoxicity using various models including cancer cell lines was monitored. Following toxicity studies, benzene (0.2 ml) was used to induce leukemia in Sprague-Dawley rats. Extracts were orally administered to preventive (100 and 200 mg/kg) and treatment (200 mg/kg only) groups. The antileukemic potential of extracts was assessed through haematological, biochemical, endogenous antioxidants and histological parameters. Results Significant TPC and TFC were estimated in DSL-EA and DIL-EA. RP-HPLC quantified (μg/mg extract) rutin (0.89 ± 0.03), gallic acid (0.35 ± 0.07), catechin (0.24 ± 0.02) and apigenin (0.29 ± 0.09) in DSL-EA while rutin (0.036 ± 0.004) and caffeic acid (0.27 ± 0.03) in DIL-EA. Both extracts exhibited significant brine shrimp cytotoxicity (LC50 < 12.5 μg/ml). DIL-EA exhibited greater cytotoxicity against PC-3, MDA-MB 231 and MCF-7 cell lines (IC50 < 3 μg/ml in each case) as well as higher protein kinase inhibitory action (MIC: 25 μg/disc) compared to DSL-EA. Leukemia induced in rats was affirmed by elevated serum levels of WBCs (7.78 ± 0.012 (× 103) /μl), bilirubin (7.56 ± 0.97 mg/dl), Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) (133.75 ± 2.61 nM/min/mg protein), decreased RBCs (4.33 ± 0.065 (× 106)/μl), platelets (344 ± 3.19 (× 103)/μl), total proteins (2.14 ± 0.11 g/dl), Glutathione S-transferases (GST) (81.01 ± 0.44 nM/min/ml), endogenous antioxidant enzymes levels and abnormal liver and kidney functionality in disease control rats. Both species revealed almost identical and significant (p < 0.05) alleviative effects in benzene induced leukemia. Conclusion Comprehensive screening divulged the tremendous potential of selected species as potent source of natural anticancer agents in a variety of cancers particularly leukemia. Present study might provide useful finger prints in cancer research and mechanistic studies are prerequisite in logical hunt of this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakht Nasir
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waleed Baig
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Majid
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Masooma Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar Irshad Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Tayyaba Batool Kazmi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan-Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
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18
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Khatoon E, Banik K, Harsha C, Sailo BL, Thakur KK, Khwairakpam AD, Vikkurthi R, Devi TB, Gupta SC, Kunnumakkara AB. Phytochemicals in cancer cell chemosensitization: Current knowledge and future perspectives. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 80:306-339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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Ammendola M, Haponska M, Balik K, Modrakowska P, Matulewicz K, Kazmierski L, Lis A, Kozlowska J, Garcia-Valls R, Giamberini M, Bajek A, Tylkowski B. Stability and anti-proliferative properties of biologically active compounds extracted from Cistus L. after sterilization treatments. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6521. [PMID: 32300137 PMCID: PMC7162948 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63444-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing interest of oncologists in natural compounds such as polyphenols and flavonoids is encouraging the development of innovative and efficient carriers for the delivery of those drugs. This study examines carboxymethyl chitosan-based microcapsules created by spray drying as a method for delivering biologically active compounds isolated from the Cistus herb. Effects of sterilization and encapsulation on the polyphenol and flavonoid content of Cistus extract were investigated to optimize the production process. Furthermore, in vitro studies were carried out to examine the anticancer properties of sterilized polyphenols and flavonoids on glioblastoma cells isolated from oncological patients. Acquired results show high anticancer potential towards glioblastoma as well as low cytotoxicity towards non-cancer cell lines by the substances in question. Steam sterilization is shown to affect the content of biologically active compounds the least. We demonstrate that the investigated form of drug encapsulation is both efficient and potentially possible to scale up from the viewpoint of the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Ammendola
- Departament d' enginyeria química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. dels Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Centre Tecnològic de la Química de Catalunya, Carrer Marcelli Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Procter & Gamble Services Company n.v., Temselaan 100, 1853, Strombeek-Bever, Belgium
| | - Monika Haponska
- Centre Tecnològic de la Química de Catalunya, Carrer Marcelli Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, C/Marcellí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Karolina Balik
- Centre Tecnològic de la Química de Catalunya, Carrer Marcelli Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Department of Tissue Engineering, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University in, Torun, Poland
| | - Paulina Modrakowska
- Centre Tecnològic de la Química de Catalunya, Carrer Marcelli Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Department of Tissue Engineering, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University in, Torun, Poland
| | - Karolina Matulewicz
- Centre Tecnològic de la Química de Catalunya, Carrer Marcelli Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Department of Tissue Engineering, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University in, Torun, Poland
| | - Lukasz Kazmierski
- Centre Tecnològic de la Química de Catalunya, Carrer Marcelli Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Department of Tissue Engineering, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University in, Torun, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Lis
- Department of Tissue Engineering, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University in, Torun, Poland
| | - Justyna Kozlowska
- Department of Chemistry of Biomaterials and Cosmetics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolas Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100, Torun, Poland
| | - Ricard Garcia-Valls
- Departament d' enginyeria química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. dels Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Centre Tecnològic de la Química de Catalunya, Carrer Marcelli Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, C/Marcellí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marta Giamberini
- Departament d' enginyeria química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. dels Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Anna Bajek
- Department of Tissue Engineering, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University in, Torun, Poland
| | - Bartosz Tylkowski
- Centre Tecnològic de la Química de Catalunya, Carrer Marcelli Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, C/Marcellí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
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20
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Bonta RK. Dietary Phenolic Acids and Flavonoids as Potential Anti-Cancer Agents: Current State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:29-48. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666191019112712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Cancer is a rapidly growing disease and the second most leading cause of death
worldwide. Breast, colon, lung, and prostate cancer are the most diagnosed types of cancer among the majority
of the population. The prevalence of these cancers is increasing rapidly due to the lack of effective drugs. The
search for anti-cancer bioactive components from natural plant sources is gaining immense significance. The
aim of the paper is to introduce the readers about the in vitro and in vivo biochemical mechanisms of phenolic
acids and flavonoids in these four types of cancers.
Methods:
A literature search was carried out in databases, including Scopus, SciFinder, Springer, Science direct
and Google. The main keywords used were fruits & vegetables, phenolic acids, flavonoids, anticancer, bioavailability,
etc. The data obtained were integrated and analyzed.
Results:
The study revealed the potential molecular mechanisms of phenolic acids and flavonoids, which include
the induction of apoptosis, inhibition of cell proliferation, cell-cycle arrest, induction of Poly ADP ribose
polymerase cleavage, downregulation of Matrix metalloproteinases-2 and Matrix metalloproteinases-9 activities,
decreased levels of B-cell lymphoma-2, etc. Promising effects of phenolic acids and flavonoids have been observed
against breast, colon, lung and prostate cancers.
Conclusion:
The in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer mechanisms of phenolic acids and flavonoids have been revealed
in this study. With the knowledge of specific molecular targets and the structural-functional relationship
of bioactive compounds, the current review will open a new gateway for the scientific community and provide
them a viable option to exploit more of these compounds for the development of novel and efficacious anticancer
compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh K. Bonta
- Plant Metabolic Pathway Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi School of Intellectual Property Law, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
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21
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Costea T, Vlad OC, Miclea LC, Ganea C, Szöllősi J, Mocanu MM. Alleviation of Multidrug Resistance by Flavonoid and Non-Flavonoid Compounds in Breast, Lung, Colorectal and Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E401. [PMID: 31936346 PMCID: PMC7013436 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the manuscript is to discuss the influence of plant polyphenols in overcoming multidrug resistance in four types of solid cancers (breast, colorectal, lung and prostate cancer). Effective treatment requires the use of multiple toxic chemotherapeutic drugs with different properties and targets. However, a major cause of cancer treatment failure and metastasis is the development of multidrug resistance. Potential mechanisms of multidrug resistance include increase of drug efflux, drug inactivation, detoxification mechanisms, modification of drug target, inhibition of cell death, involvement of cancer stem cells, dysregulation of miRNAs activity, epigenetic variations, imbalance of DNA damage/repair processes, tumor heterogeneity, tumor microenvironment, epithelial to mesenchymal transition and modulation of reactive oxygen species. Taking into consideration that synthetic multidrug resistance agents have failed to demonstrate significant survival benefits in patients with different types of cancer, recent research have focused on beneficial effects of natural compounds. Several phenolic compounds (flavones, phenolcarboxylic acids, ellagitannins, stilbens, lignans, curcumin, etc.) act as chemopreventive agents due to their antioxidant capacity, inhibition of proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, and metastasis, modulation of immune and inflammatory responses or inactivation of pro-carcinogens. Moreover, preclinical and clinical studies revealed that these compounds prevent multidrug resistance in cancer by modulating different pathways. Additional research is needed regarding the role of phenolic compounds in the prevention of multidrug resistance in different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Costea
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Phytotherapy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Oana Cezara Vlad
- Department of Biophysics, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (O.C.V.); (C.G.)
| | - Luminita-Claudia Miclea
- Department of Biophysics and Cellular Biotechnology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Research Excellence Center in Biophysics and Cellular Biotechnology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constanta Ganea
- Department of Biophysics, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (O.C.V.); (C.G.)
| | - János Szöllősi
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
- MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Maria-Magdalena Mocanu
- Department of Biophysics, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (O.C.V.); (C.G.)
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22
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Del Turco S, Quattrini L, Colucci R, Gaggini M, La Motta C, Basta G. A 2,3-diphenylpyrido[1,2- a] pyrimidin-4-one derivative inhibits specific angiogenic factors induced by TNF-α. Saudi Pharm J 2019; 27:1174-1181. [PMID: 31885477 PMCID: PMC6921196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-grade chronic inflammation is a key process of angiogenesis in tumour progression. We investigated whether a synthetic analogue of apigenin, the 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-4H-pyrido[1,2-a] pyrimidin-4-one (called DB103), interfered with the mechanisms involved in the angiogenic process induced by the inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor (TNFα). In endothelial cells, DB103 but not apigenin reduced the TNFα-induced oxidative stress. DB103 inhibited the activation of ERK1/2 but not JNK, p38 and Akt kinases, while apigenin was not so selective because it inhibited essentially all examined kinases. Similarly, apigenin inhibited the TNFα-induced transcription factors CREB, STAT3, STAT5 and NF-κB, while DB103 acted only on NF-κB. DB103 inhibited the induced-release of angiogenic factors such as monocyte chemotactic protein-1, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and angiopoietin-2 but not IL-8, while apigenin reduced the IL-6 and IL-8 release. DB103 revealed a better ability than apigenin to modulate proangiogenic responses induced by an inflammatory microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Del Turco
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Quattrini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno, 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Rocchina Colucci
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Largo Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Melania Gaggini
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Concettina La Motta
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno, 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Basta
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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23
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Chaudhary Z, Subramaniam S, Khan GM, Abeer MM, Qu Z, Janjua T, Kumeria T, Batra J, Popat A. Encapsulation and Controlled Release of Resveratrol Within Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Prostate Cancer Therapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:225. [PMID: 31620434 PMCID: PMC6759778 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RES) is a naturally existing polyphenol which exhibits anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. In recent years, RES has attracted attention for its synergistic effect with other anti-cancer drugs for the treatment of drug resistant cancers. However, RES faces the issues of poor pharmacokinetics, stability and low solubility which limits its clinical application. In present study, RES has been loaded onto uniformly sized (~60 nm) mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) to improve its in vitro anti-proliferative activity and sensitization of Docatexal in hypoxia induced drug resistance in prostate cancer. RES was efficiently encapsulated within phosphonate (negatively charged) and amine (positively charged) modified MSNs. The effect of surface functionalization was studied on the loading, in vitro release, anti-proliferative and cytotoxic potential of RES using prostate cancer cell line. At pH 7.4 both free and NH2-MSNs loaded RES showed burst release which was plateaued with almost 90% of drug released in first 12 h. On the other hand, PO3-MSNs showed significantly slower release kinetics with only 50% drug release in first 12 h at pH 7.4. At pH 5.5, however, both the PO3-MSNs and NH2-MSNs showed significant control over release (around 40% less release compared with free RES in 24 h). Phosphonate modified MSNs significantly enhanced the anti-proliferative potential of RES with an IC50 of 7.15 μM as compared to 14.86 μM of free RES whereas amine modified MSNs didn't affect proliferation with an IC50 value higher than free RES (20.45 μM). Furthermore, RES loaded onto PO3-MSNs showed robust and dose dependent sensitization of Docatexal in hypoxic cell environment which was comparable to pure RES solution. This study provides an example of applicability of MSNs loaded with polyphenols such as RES as next generation anticancer formulations for treating drug resistant cancers such as prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zanib Chaudhary
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sugarniya Subramaniam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Gul Majid Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Zhi Qu
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Taskeen Janjua
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tushar Kumeria
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
- Mater Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Amirali Popat
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
- Mater Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
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Sheokand S, Navik U, Bansal AK. Nanocrystalline solid dispersions (NSD) of hesperetin (HRN) for prevention of 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 128:240-249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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The Phenolic compound Kaempferol overcomes 5-fluorouracil resistance in human resistant LS174 colon cancer cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:195. [PMID: 30655588 PMCID: PMC6336835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36808-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to 5-Fluorouracil chemotherapy is a major cause of therapeutic failure in colon cancer cure. Development of combined therapies constitutes an effective strategy to inhibit cancer cells and prevent the emergence of drug resistance. For this purpose, we investigated the anti-tumoral effect of thirteen phenolic compounds, from the Tunisian quince Cydonia oblonga Miller, alone or combined to 5-FU, on the human 5-FU-resistant LS174-R colon cancer cells in comparison to parental cells. Our results showed that only Kaempferol was able to chemo-sensitize 5-FU-resistant LS174-R cells. This phenolic compound combined with 5-FU exerted synergistic inhibitory effect on cell viability. This combination enhanced the apoptosis and induced cell cycle arrest of both chemo-resistant and sensitive cells through impacting the expression levels of different cellular effectors. Kaempferol also blocked the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and modulated the expression of JAK/STAT3, MAPK, PI3K/AKT and NF-κB. In silico docking analysis suggested that the potent anti-tumoral effect of Kaempferol, compared to its two analogs (Kaempferol 3-O-glucoside and Kampferol 3-O-rutinoside), can be explained by the absence of glucosyl groups. Overall, our data propose Kaempferol as a potential chemotherapeutic agent to be used alone or in combination with 5-FU to overcome colon cancer drug resistance.
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Cui J, Zheng X, Yang D, Hu Y, An C, Bo Y, Li H, Zhang Y, Niu M, Xue X, Lu Y, Tang Y, Yin H, Li Z, Gao W, Wu Y. Astragali radix total flavonoid synergizes cisplatin to inhibit proliferation and enhances the chemosensitivity of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. RSC Adv 2019; 9:24471-24482. [PMID: 35527911 PMCID: PMC9069756 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04701h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is the most common head and neck cancer. Astragali radix extracts play crucial roles in the regulation of cancer progression. However, the role of Astragali radix extracts in LSCC and the related mechanisms remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of the combined use of Astragali radix total flavonoid (TFA) and cisplatin (CDDP) on an LSCC mouse model by pharmacodynamics. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was employed to define the prototype of TFA in vivo. The potential drug targets were identified through the integrative analysis of LSCC microarrays, RNA sequencing data and the main bioactive component of TFA. Furthermore, a protein–protein interaction network, compound–target network and target–pathway network were constructed based on the prototype and potential drug targets to identify the main targets and pathways. Animal experiments showed that TFA has significant synergistic antitumor activity with cisplatin and attenuates the nephrotoxicity caused by CDDP chemotherapy, improving the survival of LSCC-bearing mice. Using UPLC-MS/MS, we identified 8 constituents of TFA in experimental mice serum: formononetin, ononin, calycosin, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, 7,2′-dihydroxy-3′,4′-dimethoxyisoflavan, 7,2′-dihydroxy-3′,4′-dimethoxyisoflavaneglucoside, 3-hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan and 9,10-dimethoxyptercarpan-3-O-β-d-glucoside. Integrative analysis predicted 19 target genes for TFA constituents, and the target genes were mainly involved in the EGFR-related cancer signaling, metabolism and oxidative stress. Collectively, these findings highlight the role of TFA in the regulation of LSCC and provide potential targets for a high-efficiency and low-toxicity therapeutic strategy of LSCC. Astragali radix total flavonoid synergizes with cisplatin to inhibit tumorigenesis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.![]()
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Saraei R, Marofi F, Naimi A, Talebi M, Ghaebi M, Javan N, Salimi O, Hassanzadeh A. Leukemia therapy by flavonoids: Future and involved mechanisms. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8203-8220. [PMID: 30500074 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a varied family of phytonutrients (plant chemicals) usually are detected in fruits and vegetables. In this big family, there exist more than 10,000 members that is separated into six chief subtypes: isoflavonols, flavonoenes, flavones, flavonols, anthocyanins, and chalcones. The natural compounds, such as fruits, have visible positive effects in regulating of survival involved signaling pathways that performance as the regulator of cell survival, growth, and proliferation. Researchers have established that commonly consumption up flavonoids decreases incidence and development risk of certain cancers, especially leukemia. Flavonoids have been able to induce apoptosis and stimulate cell cycle arrest in cancer cells via different pathways. Similarly, they have antiangiogenesis and antimetastasis capability, which were shown in wide ranges of cancer cells, particularly, leukemia. It seems that flavonoid because of their widespread approval, evident safety and low rate of side effects, have hopeful anticarcinogenic potential for leukemia therapy. Based on the last decade reports, the most important acting mechanisms of these natural compounds in leukemia cells are stimulating of apoptosis pathways by upregulation of caspase 3, 8, 9 and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and proapoptotic proteins, particularly Bax activation. As well, they can induce cell cycle arrest in target cells not only via increasing of activated levels of p21 and p53 but also by inhibition of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases. Furthermore, attenuation of neclear factor-κB and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 activation, suppression of signaling pathway and downregulation of intracellular antiapoptotic proteins are other significant antileukemic function mechanism of flavonoids. Overall, it appears that flavonoids are promising and effective compounds in the field of leukemia therapy. In this review, we tried to accumulate and revise most promising flavonoids and finally declared their major working mechanisms in leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raedeh Saraei
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Adel Naimi
- Department of Immunology, Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Talebi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Ghaebi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Naser Javan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratories Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Omid Salimi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Hassanzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Palko-Łabuz A, Środa-Pomianek K, Wesołowska O, Kostrzewa-Susłow E, Uryga A, Michalak K. MDR reversal and pro-apoptotic effects of statins and statins combined with flavonoids in colon cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:1511-1522. [PMID: 30551403 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The resistance of cancer cells to a variety of structurally non-related cytotoxic drugs is known as multidrug resistance phenomenon (MDR). In cellular membranes an activity of MDR transporters such as P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) is affected by their lipid environment. Many various compounds have been examined for their ability to restore drug-sensitivity of resistant cancer cells. Statins, inhibitors of the key enzyme of mevalonate pathway HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A) reductase are drugs commonly prescribed in order to reduce serum level of cholesterol and to diminish the risk of cardiovascular disease. Statins as drugs that influence lipid composition of cell membrane and in that way they also exert influence on lipid bilayer properties appear to be good candidates as MDR modulators. In this work it was shown that statins - mevastatin and simvastatin exert antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic and reversing drug resistance effect in human colon adenocarcinoma cell line LoVo and its drug-resistant subline LoVo/Dx. A hypothesis was also checked whether flavones, which as it is well known are able to influence the biosynthesis of cholesterol, may change the anticancer activity of statins. Our investigations have revealed that combined use of statins and studied flavonoids results in enhanced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis and lower cancer cell proliferation as compared to the application only statins alone. Moreover, in drug resistant LoVo/Dx cells a stronger decrease of resistance to doxorubicine was observed in the presence of statins in combination with flavones as compared to the effect observed for statins only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Palko-Łabuz
- Department of Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Kamila Środa-Pomianek
- Department of Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Olga Wesołowska
- Department of Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow
- Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Uryga
- Department of Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krystyna Michalak
- Department of Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
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Demir S, Turan I, Aliyazicioglu R, Yaman SO, Aliyazicioglu Y. Primula vulgaris extract induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human cervix cancer cells. J Pharm Anal 2018; 8:307-311. [PMID: 30345144 PMCID: PMC6190528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primula vulgaris belongs to the genus Primula, members of which are frequently used in folk medicine. Various studies have investigated the cytotoxic effect of different Primula species, but there have been limited studies on the cytotoxic effect of P. vulgaris. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects, and possible mechanisms involved, of P. vulgaris flower extract on human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells. The cytotoxic effect of the extract on HeLa cells was revealed using the MTT assay. Mechanisms involved in the extract's cytotoxic effect were then investigated in terms of apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and the cell cycle, using fluorometric methods. P. vulgaris flower extract exhibited selective cytotoxic effects against HeLa cells by arresting their cell cycle at the S phase, and inducing the number of apoptotic cells compared to normal fibroblast cells by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential in a concentration-dependent manner. This is the first study to reveal the antiproliferative effect of P. vulgaris flower extract. Further studies are now needed to identify the cytotoxic molecules in the extract and their mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selim Demir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkiye
| | - Ibrahim Turan
- Department of Genetic and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Gumushane University, 29100 Gumushane, Turkiye
| | - Rezzan Aliyazicioglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkiye
| | - Serap Ozer Yaman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkiye
| | - Yuksel Aliyazicioglu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkiye
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30
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de Oliveira Júnior RG, Christiane Adrielly AF, da Silva Almeida JRG, Grougnet R, Thiéry V, Picot L. Sensitization of tumor cells to chemotherapy by natural products: A systematic review of preclinical data and molecular mechanisms. Fitoterapia 2018; 129:383-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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31
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El Bairi K, Amrani M, Afqir S. Starvation tactics using natural compounds for advanced cancers: pharmacodynamics, clinical efficacy, and predictive biomarkers. Cancer Med 2018; 7:2221-2246. [PMID: 29732738 PMCID: PMC6010871 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The high mortality associated with oncological diseases is mostly due to tumors in advanced stages, and their management is a major challenge in modern oncology. Angiogenesis is a defined hallmark of cancer and predisposes to metastatic invasion and dissemination and is therefore an important druggable target for cancer drug discovery. Recently, because of drug resistance and poor prognosis, new anticancer drugs from natural sources targeting tumor vessels have attracted more attention and have been used in several randomized and controlled clinical trials as therapeutic options. Here, we outline and discuss potential natural compounds as salvage treatment for advanced cancers from recent and ongoing clinical trials and real-world studies. We also discuss predictive biomarkers for patients' selection to optimize the use of these potential anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid El Bairi
- Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyMohamed Ist UniversityOujdaMorocco
| | - Mariam Amrani
- Equipe de Recherche en Virologie et Onco‐biologieFaculty of MedicinePathology DepartmentNational Institute of OncologyUniversité Mohamed VRabatMorocco
| | - Said Afqir
- Department of Medical OncologyMohamed VI University HospitalOujdaMorocco
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Meschini S, Pellegrini E, Condello M, Occhionero G, Delfine S, Condello G, Mastrodonato F. Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Activities of Prunus spinosa Trigno Ecotype Extract on Human Cancer Cells. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22091578. [PMID: 28930188 PMCID: PMC6151690 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to demonstrate that a natural compound, not-toxic to normal cells, has cytotoxic and sensitizing effects on carcinoma cells, with the final goal of combining it with chemotherapeutic drugs to reduce the overall dose. Prunus spinosa Trigno ecotype (PsT) drupe extract with a nutraceutical activator complex (NAC) made of amino acids, vitamins and mineral salt blends, has shown in vitro anticancer activity. The cytotoxic effect of (PsT + NAC)® has been evaluated on human cancer cells, with an initial screening with colorectal, uterine cervical, and bronchoalveolar cells, and a subsequent focus on colon carcinoma cells HCT116 and SW480. The viability reduction of HCT116 and SW480 after treatment with (PsT 10 mg/mL + NAC)® was about 40% (p < 0.05), compared to control cells. The cell’s survival reduction was ineffective when the drug vehicle (NAC) was replaced with a phosphate buffer saline (PBS) or physiological solution (PS). The flow cytometry evaluation of cancer cells’ mitochondrial membrane potential showed an increase of 20% depolarized mitochondria. Cell cycle analysis showed a sub G1 (Gap 1 phase) peak appearance (HCT116: 35.1%; SW480: 11.6%), indicating apoptotic cell death induction that was confirmed by Annexin V assay (HCT116: 86%; SW480: 96%). Normal cells were not altered by (PsT + NAC)® treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Meschini
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome 00161, Italy.
| | - Evelin Pellegrini
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome 00161, Italy.
| | - Maria Condello
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome 00161, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Occhionero
- Italian Society of Biointegrated Medicine, Bagnoli del Trigno, Isernia 86091, Italy.
| | - Sebastiano Delfine
- Department of Agriculture, Environment and Food Science, University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy.
| | - Giancarlo Condello
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Rome 00135, Italy.
| | - Franco Mastrodonato
- Italian Society of Biointegrated Medicine, Bagnoli del Trigno, Isernia 86091, Italy.
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Zahra SS, Ahmed M, Qasim M, Gul B, Zia M, Mirza B, Haq IU. Polarity based characterization of biologically active extracts of Ajuga bracteosa Wall. ex Benth. and RP-HPLC analysis. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:443. [PMID: 28870197 PMCID: PMC5583766 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1951-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The concept of botanical therapeutics has revitalized due to wide importance of plant derived pharmaceuticals. Therefore, the ameliorative characteristics of Ajuga bracteosa were studied. METHODS Total phenolic content, flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity, reducing power and free-radical scavenging activity were determined colorimetrically. Specific polyphenols were quantified by RP-HPLC analysis. Preliminary cytotoxicity was tested using brine shrimp lethality assay while antiproliferative activity against THP-1 and Hep-G2 cell lines was determined by MTT and SRB protocols respectively. Antileishmanial potential was assessed via MTT colorimetric method. To investigate antidiabetic prospect, α-amylase inhibition assay was adopted whereas disc diffusion method was used to detect likely protein kinase inhibitory, antibacterial and antifungal activities. RESULTS Among fifteen different extracts, maximum total phenolic content (10.75 ± 0.70 μg GAE/mg DW), total reducing power (23.90 ± 0.70 μg AAE/mg DW) and total antioxidant capacity (11.30 ± 0.80 μg AAE/mg DW) were exhibited by methanol extract with superlative percent extract recovery (17.50 ± 0.80% w/w). Chloroform-methanol extract demonstrated maximum flavonoid content (4.10 ± 0.40 μg QE/mg DW) and ethanol extract exhibited greatest radical scavenging activity (IC50 14.40 ± 0.20 μg/ml). RP-HPLC based quantification confirmed polyphenols such as pyrocatechol, gallic acid, resorcinol, catechin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, vanillic acid, coumarin, sinapinic acid, trans-cinnamic acid, rutin, quercetin and kaempferol. The brine shrimp lethality assay ranked 78.60% extracts as cytotoxic (LC50 ≤ 250 μg/ml) whereas significant THP-1 inhibition was shown by methanol-acetone extract (IC50 4.70 ± 0.43 μg/ml). The antiproliferative activity against Hep-G2 hepatoma cancer cell line was demonstrated by n-hexane, ethylacetate and methanol-distilled water (IC50 8.65-8.95 μg/ml) extracts. Methanol extract displayed prominent protein kinase inhibitory activity (MIC 12.5 μg/disc) while n-hexane extract revealed remarkable antileishmanial activity (IC50 4.69 ± 0.01 μg/ml). The antidiabetic potential was confirmed by n-hexane extract (44.70 ± 0.30% α-amylase inhibition at 200 μg/ml concentration) while a moderate antibacterial and antifungal activities were unveiled. CONCLUSION The variation in biological spectrum resulted due to use of multiple solvent systems for extraction. We also deduce that the valuable information gathered can be utilized for discovery of anticancer, antileishmanial, antioxidant and antidiabetic bioactive lead candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Saniya Zahra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Madiha Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Institute of Sustainable Halophytes Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Bilquees Gul
- Institute of Sustainable Halophytes Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Mirza
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan-Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
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Xiao R, Gan M, Jiang T. Wogonoside exerts growth-suppressive effects against T acute lymphoblastic leukemia through the STAT3 pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2017; 36:1169-1176. [PMID: 27941168 DOI: 10.1177/0960327116679716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Wogonoside is the main flavonoid of the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and has been found to induce growth suppression in myelogenous leukemia cells. However, its activity in T acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is still unclear. In this study, T-ALL cell lines MOLT-3 and Jurkat were exposed to different concentrations of wogonoside for 48 h, and cell viability, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis were measured. The involvement of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling in the activity of wogonoside was checked. The in vivo effect of wogonoside on T-ALL growth was investigated in a xenograft mouse model. Wogonoside significantly inhibited the viability of MOLT-3 and Jurkat cells, with the IC50 (the half maximal concentration) of 68.5 ± 3.8 and 52.6 ± 4.3 μM, respectively. However, healthy T lymphocytes were unaffected. Wogonoside-treated Jurkat cells exhibited a G1-phase cell cycle arrest and significant apoptosis, which was coupled with inactivation of STAT3 signaling. Overexpression of constitutively active STAT3 reversed wogonoside-mediated growth suppression and apoptosis and restored the expression of cyclin D1, Mcl-1, and Bcl-xL. In vivo studies demonstrated that wogonoside retarded tumor growth and suppressed STAT3 phosphorylation in Jurkat xenografts. In conclusion, wogonoside suppresses the growth of T-ALL through the STAT3 pathway and may have therapeutic benefits in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Xiao
- Department of Hematology, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - M Gan
- Department of Hematology, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - T Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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