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Poon K, Ho MSH, Tai APL, Leung MK, Chan MCM, Lau WKW. Mediating roles of sleep quality and resilience in the relationships between chronotypes and mental health symptoms. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5874. [PMID: 38467740 PMCID: PMC10928116 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56688-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep and mental health are intrinsically intertwined, but not every individual with problems sleeping develops a mental health disorder. This study examined the association among chronotypes, resilience, sleep quality and mental health symptoms amongst otherwise healthy individuals. Two hundred adults (Mage = 27.75 ± 5.11, 68% female) with no previous diagnosis of mental illness were recruited and filled in a set of questionnaires measuring chronotypes, sleep quality, depression and anxiety symptoms. The findings from the path analysis showed that the morning type had a statistically significant direct effect on a range of sleep quality indices. These included better subjective sleep quality, shortened sleep latency, and fewer daytime dysfunctions, as well as a higher level of resilience. However, it did not significantly affect depression and anxiety symptoms. In addition, the morning type had statistically significant indirect effects on a higher level of resilience and fewer depression and anxiety symptoms through the mediating effect of sleep quality indices. Findings from this study support that morning type is associated with better resilience and psychological health, which is mediated through better sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kean Poon
- School of Education, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mimi S H Ho
- Department of Special Education and Counselling, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alan P L Tai
- Department of Special Education and Counselling, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mei-Kei Leung
- Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Meanne C M Chan
- Wofoo Joseph Lee Consulting and Counselling Psychology Research Centre, Lingnan University of Hong Kong, Room 213, LBY Building, 8 Castle Peak Road, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Way K W Lau
- Department of Health Sciences, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Room F1229, 12/F, 1 Sheung Shing Street, Ho Man Tin, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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2
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Liu Q, Meng Q, Ding Y, Jiang J, Kang C, Yuan L, Guo W, Zhao Z, Yuan Y, Wei X, Hao W. The unfixed light pattern contributes to depressive-like behaviors in male mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139680. [PMID: 37524266 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Light pollution is now associated with an increased incidence of mental disorders in humans, and the unfixed light pattern (ULP) is a common light pollution that occurs in such as rotating shift work. However, how much contribution the ULP has to depression and its potential mechanism are yet unknown. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of the ULP on depressive-like behaviors in mice and to explore the links to the circadian-orexinergic system. Male C57BL/6 J mice were exposed to the ULP by subjecting them to an alternating light pattern every 6 days for 54 days. The tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST) were conducted to assess depressive-like behaviors. The rhythm of locomotor activity and the circadian expression of cFOS in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), clock genes in the liver, and corticosterone (CORT) in serum were detected to observe changes in the circadian system. The circadian expression of orexin-A (OX-A) in the lateral hypothalamus area (LHA) and dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and serotonin (5-HT) in the DRN were measured to determine alterations in the orexinergic system. The results showed that mice exposed to the ULP exhibited increased immobility time in the TST and FST. The ULP significantly disrupted the circadian rhythm of locomotor activity, clock genes in the liver, and CORT in the serum. Importantly, when exposed to the ULP, cFOS expression in the SCN showed decreased amplitude. Its projection area, the LHA, had a lower mesor of OX-A expression. OX-A projection to the DRN and 5-HT expression in the DRN were reduced in mesor. Our research suggests that the ULP contributes to depressive-like behaviors in mice, which might be related to the reduced amplitude of circadian oscillation in the SCN and hypoactivity of the orexinergic system. These findings may provide novel insights into rotating shift work-related depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyi Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Qinghe Meng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Yuecheng Ding
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Jianjun Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Chenping Kang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Lilan Yuan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Wanqian Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Yue Yuan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Xuetao Wei
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Weidong Hao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
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Yoshizaki T, Komatsu T, Tada Y, Togo F. Association of breakfast skipping with habitual dietary intake and BMI in female rotating shift workers. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:1634-1643. [PMID: 37078522 PMCID: PMC10410402 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023000794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Higher BMI, lower quality of diet and a higher percentage of breakfast-skippers have been reported among rotating shift (RS) workers compared with day shift (DS) workers. As such, this study examined the association between breakfast skipping, habitual food consumption and BMI in RS workers. DESIGN Japanese nurses were studied using a self-administered questionnaire that assessed the height, weight, breakfast consumption habits, dietary consumption, physical activity, sleep habits, chronotype and demographic characteristics of the participants. SETTING A cross-sectional study was conducted in a population of nurses in Japan. Dietary and health-related questionnaires were mailed to 5536 nurses aged 20-59 years, working at 346 institutions. PARTICIPANTS A total of 3646 nurses at 274 institutions responded to the questionnaire. After removing those who met the exclusion criteria, 2450 participants were included in the statistical analysis. RESULTS The RS breakfast-skippers had lower total energy intake, diet quality and higher BMI than DS workers, whereas the RS breakfast-consumers had a higher total energy intake and BMI than the DS workers. In the RS workers, breakfast skipping on the days of DS and the end days of evening/night shift was associated with a poorer diet quality. Additionally, breakfast skipping on the days of DS was positively associated with BMI, independent of the total energy intake and diet quality. CONCLUSIONS Breakfast skipping on workdays may contribute to a difference in dietary intake and BMI between RS workers and DS workers and may increase BMI in RS workers, independent of dietary intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yoshizaki
- Department of Food and Life Sciences, Faculty of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Toyo University, Tokyo112-0001, Japan
| | - Taiki Komatsu
- Department of Competitive Sports, College of Sports Sciences, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Tada
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Applied Biosciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiharu Togo
- Educational Physiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Li B, Liao G, Lee PMY, Huss A, Ma YTJ, Chan JWY, Wing YK, Tse LA. Association between matched chronotype and poor mental health among shift workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Epidemiol Community Health 2023:jech-2022-220280. [PMID: 37258217 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2022-220280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nearly 0.7 billion workers are involved in the shift work system, leading to concerns about its potential impacts on the large-scale population mental health. This study aimed to synthesise evidence of the associations between matched chronotype and the risk of poor mental health among shift workers. METHODS Six computerised databases were searched from inception to September 2022. Observational studies were selected if they reported any association between common mental health parameters and chronotype scores/types of shift workers. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses checklist was followed. We extracted adjusted risk estimates to calculate pooled effect sizes and explore sources of heterogeneity. The study was registered in PROSPERO: CRD42022357437. RESULTS Fourteen studies including 49 909 workers were identified. Ever shift workers had a higher risk of poor mental health than the day workers (pooled OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.28; I2=14%, p=0.29), with the evening chronotype ever shift workers having a 1.47 times higher risk than those who worked during the day (pooled OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.91; I2=42%, p=0.16). Sensitivity analysis excluding studies with the highest risk of bias of each group demonstrated consistent findings. CONCLUSIONS Evening chronotype ever shift workers have poorer mental health than shift workers with other chronotypes. Chronotype remains unrecognised in the contemporary rostering system, making it a hidden contributor to occupational mental health. Work-related physical and mental stresses may be prevented/mitigated with further investigation on optimising shift work schedule combined with individual chronotype preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beixi Li
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Gengze Liao
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Priscilla Ming Yi Lee
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Medicine-Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus Universitet, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anke Huss
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Yuen Ting Julie Ma
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Joey Wing-Yan Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Kwok Wing
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Lap Ah Tse
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory for Health Risk Analysis, Shenzhen Research Institute of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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5
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Ren H, Zhang Q, Ren Y, Zhou Q, Fang Y, Huang L, Li X. Characteristics of psychological time in patients with depression and potential intervention strategies. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1173535. [PMID: 37304430 PMCID: PMC10248015 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1173535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychological time reveals information about an individual's psychological state and psychopathological traits and, thus, has become a new perspective through which the occurrence and development of depression can be examined. Psychological time includes time perception, time perspective, circadian rhythms, and passage of time. Patients with depression are characterized by inaccurate time interval estimation, habitual negative thoughts about the past and future, evening-type circadian rhythms, and slow passage of time. Habitual negative thoughts about the past and future and evening-type circadian rhythms influence the formation of depression, and poor time interval estimation and slow passage of time may result from depression. Further study is needed accurately exploring psychological time and influencing factors in patients with depression, and prospective cohort studies could further clarify this complex relationship. In addition, the study of psychological time has important implications for developing effective interventions to reduce depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Ren
- The Third People's Hospital of Zhongshan, Zhongshan, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Applied Cognition and Personality, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Foreign Studies, Zhongshan Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Zhongshan, China
| | - Yanzhen Ren
- The Third People's Hospital of Zhongshan, Zhongshan, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- The Third People's Hospital of Zhongshan, Zhongshan, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- The Third People's Hospital of Zhongshan, Zhongshan, China
| | - Liang Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Applied Cognition and Personality, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobao Li
- Faculty of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Okechukwu CE, Colaprico C, Di Mario S, Oko-Oboh AG, Shaholli D, Manai MV, La Torre G. The Relationship between Working Night Shifts and Depression among Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11070937. [PMID: 37046864 PMCID: PMC10094007 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11070937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For many years, occupational physicians have debated whether there is a link between working the night shift and depression and other co-occurring mental health issues, with an emphasis on work-related, biological, individual, and environmental factors. We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the overall association between sleep deprivation and depression among nurses working night shifts. METHODS A systematic search was carried out across the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to 30 September 2022, for studies that reported a relationship between estimated night shift work and depression in nurses. The outcomes were measured using the odds ratio (OR) and matching 95% confidence interval (CI). The I2 statistic was used to assess heterogeneity. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation technique was used to evaluate the quality of the evidence, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was utilized to assess the methodological quality of each of the included studies. We determined the overall relationship between working nights and the onset of depression. RESULTS A total of 20 studies were included in the systematic review. Furthermore, 8 studies were included in the meta-analysis due to their common use of the OR as an effect measure. The 8 studies gave an overall estimate indicating a statistically significant association between night shift work and depression among nurses (OR = 1.49 95% CI: 1.26, 1.76). The prediction interval for the overall estimate was (0.995, 2.231). This implies that the true OR in a future study would most likely fall within this range, with a 95% certainty. CONCLUSIONS The outcome of this systematic review and meta-analysis showed a significant association between night shift work, the circadian and sleep disruption it causes, and the risk of depression in nurses. This demonstrates that nurses who work night shifts are at risk of developing depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chidiebere Emmanuel Okechukwu
- Department of Public health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado Colaprico
- Department of Public health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sofia Di Mario
- Department of Public health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - David Shaholli
- Department of Public health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Manai
- Department of Public health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Torre
- Department of Public health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Molu B, Tunç Tuna P, Yıldırım Keskin A, Tuna Hİ. Determination of Chronotype, Quality of Life, Sleep Quality, and Social Jetlag in Shift Working Nurses. JOURNAL OF TURKISH SLEEP MEDICINE 2023. [DOI: 10.4274/jtsm.galenos.2022.29484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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8
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Al-Rfooh OF, Khater W. The impact of chronotype on physical health, psychological health, and job performance among health care providers in acute care settings. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/20479700.2023.2177665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Faisal Al-Rfooh
- Faculty of Nursing/Jordan University of Science and Technology, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Wejdan Khater
- Adult Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Amman, Jordan
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Park JH, Park H, Bae S, Kang J. Associations between the Timing and Nutritional Characteristics of Bedtime Meals and Sleep Quality for Nurses after a Rotating Night Shift: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1489. [PMID: 36674243 PMCID: PMC9859258 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of the timing and nutritional characteristics of bedtime meals with sleep quality in nurses after rotating night shifts. In total, 128 nurses from a university hospital in South Korea participated in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected on the first night of two or three consecutive routine night shifts. Participants recorded all food eaten before going to bed after work. An accelerometer was used to objectively measure sleep quality, and subjective sleep quality was assessed by self-report using the Korean version of the Verran and Snyder-Halpern Sleep Scale. The associations of timing and nutritional characteristics of bedtime meals with sleep quality after night shifts were analyzed using multivariate linear regression. A short time interval between meals and sleep was associated with longer objectively measured total sleep time (β = -0.37, p = 0.002), and the proportion of protein in meals was associated with better objectively measured sleep efficiency (β = 0.31, p = 0.007). The shorter the time interval, the better the subjective sleep quality (β = -0.23, p = 0.048), and high-calorie meals were positively associated with subjective sleep quality (β = 0.23, p = 0.043). Based on our findings, we encourage nurses to have protein-rich meals after night shifts and reduce the delay between meals and sleep. Although high-calorie meals were shown to have a positive effect on subjective sleep quality, it is necessary to confirm this effect through additional research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hoon Park
- Neurological Intensive Care Unit, Dong-A University Medical Center, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuntae Park
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongryu Bae
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Kang
- College of Nursing, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
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Ben Said H, Hajjem L, Youssef I, Brahim D, Mersni M, Youssfi I, Bahri G, Mechergui N, Ladhari N. Impact of atypical working hours on sleep and mood among healthcare workers. Work 2023; 76:1193-1201. [PMID: 37182855 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atypical working hours have raised serious concerns about health effects, such as sleep disorders and psychological repercussions. These schedules are frequent among health professionals having the obligation to ensure the permanence of health services. OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of atypical working hours on sleep, sleepiness, and mood among health personnel (HP). METHODS Comparative descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among HP of a regional hospital in Southern Tunisia from December 2019 to May 2020. Two groups were defined according to their work schedule: group A had a fixed-day work and group B had atypical working hours. The assessment of sleep, sleepiness, and mood was based respectively on the Spiegel questionnaire, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Disorder scale. RESULTS A total of 101 HP in group A and 135 in group B were included. We found signs of pathological sleep in group B: greater delay in falling asleep (78.1% Vs 53.5%; p = 0.002), altered sleep quality (88.1% Vs 56.4%; p = 0.039), and more frequent occurrence of dreams (37% Vs 31.7%; p = 0.033). The quality of sleep was associated with the professional seniority (p = 0.01), the workplace (p = 0.02), and having dependent children (p = 0.04). The mean score of depression was higher in group B (p = 0.02). Depression was associated with the workplace (p = 0.04) and the quality of sleep (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that atypical working hours generate both sleep and mood disorders in HP. It is vital to encourage the occupational physicians to estimate sleep and mood disorders in HP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanene Ben Said
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis el Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Lamia Hajjem
- Regional Hospital of Ben Guerdane, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Imen Youssef
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis el Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Dorra Brahim
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis el Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Mersni
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis el Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Imen Youssfi
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ghada Bahri
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis el Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Najla Mechergui
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis el Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nizar Ladhari
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis el Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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Banks G, Nolan PM, Bourbia N. Shift work-like patterns effect on female and male mouse behavior. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2022; 13:100082. [PMID: 36267148 PMCID: PMC9576555 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2022.100082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Shift work (work outside of standard daylight hours) is common throughout the Western world. However, there are notable health consequences to shift work, including increased prevalence of mental health and sleep disorders in shift worker populations. Therefore, the health and wellbeing of shift workers is a public health concern that needs to be addressed. Here we investigate the effects of two separate light induced shift work-like patterns on male and female mouse behaviour (anxiety-like, exploration, marble burying, startle reflex and circadian rhythms). After 6 weeks of shift-like disruptions patterns, animals displayed no behavioral differences in exploration, marble burying and startle reflex. Interestingly however, we identified sex specific and disruption specific effects in light aversion and wheel running activities. Notably, analysis of the activity patterns of animals in disruptive conditions demonstrated that they maintained a degree of rhythmicity through the disruption period, which may explain the lack of behavioral differences in most behavioral tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Banks
- MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Harwell, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Patrick M. Nolan
- MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Harwell, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Nora Bourbia
- MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Harwell, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RD, UK
- UK Health Security Agency, Harwell Campus, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK
- Corresponding author. UK Health Security Agency, Harwell Campus, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RD, UK.
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Wu Y, Yin X, Yan S, Jiang N, Tian M, Zhang J, Chen Z, Wang J, Lv C, Gong Y. Prevalence of depressive symptoms in nurses compared to the general population based on Propensity Score Matching: A nationwide cross-sectional study in China. J Affect Disord 2022; 310:304-309. [PMID: 35537540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive symptoms have a series of negative effects and are considered especially severe among nurses, whereas there is a lack of quantitative studies comparing the risk of depressive symptoms between nurses and the general population. METHODS We respectively conducted a nationwide cross-sectional online survey among 17,582 Chinese nurses from July to August 2018, and 101,120 Chinese community residents from January to February 2019. The questionnaire covered social-demographic characteristics and depressive symptoms for both, work-related factors and life-related factors for nurses. Propensity Score Matching was performed to match nurses and residents by gender, age, educational level, marital status, and habitual residence. RESULTS Before Propensity Score Matching, the risk of depressive symptoms in nurses was higher than residents (OR, 2.16; 95% CI, 2.07-2.26). After matching, there were 15,256 nurses and residents respectively, and the risk in nurses was higher (OR, 2.14; 95% CI, 2.02-2.27). Logistic regression showed that longer years of service (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.30-1.83), higher night shift frequency (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.35-1.64), perceived shortage of nurses (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.84-2.13), suffered verbal violence (OR, 2.43; 95% CI, 2.21-2.66) and physical violence (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.64-1.98) were risk factors for depressive symptoms in nurses. LIMITATIONS Convenience sampling and online survey were adopted in this cross-sectional study, which may diminish the representativeness of samples. CONCLUSIONS Compared with the general population, nurses have a higher risk of depressive symptoms in China. Reasonable work allocation, adequate staffing, scientific shift system and violence emergency system should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Wu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Xiaoxv Yin
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Shijiao Yan
- School of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, PR China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Mengge Tian
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Zhenyuan Chen
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Chuanzhu Lv
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, PR China; Research Unit of Island Emergency Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, PR China
| | - Yanhong Gong
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China.
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13
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Interactive effects of job stressor and chronotype on depressive symptoms in day shift and rotating shift workers. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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14
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Relationship between chronotype and depressive symptoms among newly hired hospital nurses in the Republic of Korea. Ann Occup Environ Med 2022; 34:e32. [DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2022.34.e32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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15
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Kayaba M, Matsushita T, Katayama N, Inoue Y, Sasai-Sakuma T. Sleep-wake rhythm and its association with lifestyle, health-related quality of life and academic performance among Japanese nursing students: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2021; 20:225. [PMID: 34749734 PMCID: PMC8576865 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-021-00748-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Young adults are likely to have activities and go to bed late at night due to their age-dependent delayed endogenous circadian clock. The purpose of the present study was to clarify sleep–wake rhythm and its association with lifestyle, health-related quality of life, and academic performance among nursing students. Methods Self-reported questionnaires were distributed to undergraduate nursing students at six universities in Japan. Sleep–wake rhythm was assessed using the morningness-eveningness questionnaire. A quantitative design using the generalized linear mixed effect model was utilized to identify the factors related to the evening type among female nursing students (n = 447). Results About 18% of the participants were identified as the evening type. Evening type was associated with living alone, part-time job, and club activity. Sleep duration on weekdays was shorter, meal time duration was the shortest, and the percentages of students who skipped meals and those who gained body weight were higher in the evening type than in the morning type and intermediate type. Mental health-related quality of life was lower in the intermediate type and evening type than in the morning type, while there was no difference in physical health-related quality of life among these groups. The percentages of the nursing students who have experienced absence, tardiness, falling asleep during class, and/or interference with academic achievement were higher in the evening type than in other groups. Conclusions The present study has important implications for nursing students’ biological characteristics and lifestyle, which are associated with their health-related quality of life and academic performance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12912-021-00748-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoko Kayaba
- Department of Somnology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan. .,Japan Somnology Center, Institute of Neuropsychiatry, 5-10-10, Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 151-0053, Japan.
| | - Toshiko Matsushita
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Fukuura 3-9, Yokohama Kanazawa-ku, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Noriko Katayama
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Shonan University of Medical Sciences, Kamishinano 16-48, Yokohama Totsuka-ku, Kanagawa, 244-0806, Japan
| | - Yuichi Inoue
- Department of Somnology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.,Japan Somnology Center, Institute of Neuropsychiatry, 5-10-10, Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 151-0053, Japan
| | - Taeko Sasai-Sakuma
- Department of Somnology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.,Japan Somnology Center, Institute of Neuropsychiatry, 5-10-10, Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 151-0053, Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, Kaga 2-11-1, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
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16
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Srinivasan V, Vishnuram S, Suganthirababu P, Kumaresan A, Divyalaxmi P, Saranya Devi M, Alagesan J. Impact of COVID-19 online classes on morningness-eveningness personality among adult college students: A survey study. Work 2021; 70:695-700. [PMID: 34719463 DOI: 10.3233/wor-210528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 emerged as a serious pandemic in 2019 and billions of people were infected. Various precautionary methods were taken to contain the spread of virus such as social distancing, public lockdown, sanitation, and closure of schools and colleges. Many colleges started online classes to resume their syllabus and to complete the course curriculum. These evening online sessions resulted in late night sleep, long term mobile/computer exposure, and disturbed sleep pattern. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to determine the impact of COVID-19 online classes on morningness- eveningness personality and to compare it with different age groups, gender, and body mass index. METHODS The cluster sampling method was used to collect the subjects from the total of 1153 adult college students, 897 subjects were selected based on the selection criteria and instructed to submit an online survey consists of the Morningness-eveningness Questionnaire and demographic and anthropometric data through mail, social media, or through a researcher by direct interview. RESULTS The mean score for the 897 participants is 56.7, indicating intermediate morningness-eveningness personality type. On comparing the different groups, the youngest group (18-20 years) scored 4.23%(mean = 46.7), female subjects scored 6.13%(mean = 58.1), the underweight 2.67%(mean = 59.2) and overweight groups scored 2.89%(mean = 59.7) indicating definite eveningness. Among the 897 collected samples of the population 8.13%of the subjects experienced definite eveningness, 14.93%has moderate eveningness, 17.38%are under intermediate category, 22.4%have moderate morningness, and 37.11%have definite morningness. CONCLUSIONS Subjects with eveningness personality have high risk of developing mental illness, thus it's important to determine the eveningness personality among student population to avoid serious complications in later age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - A Kumaresan
- Saveetha College of Physiotherapy, SIMATS, Chennai, India
| | - P Divyalaxmi
- Saveetha College of Physiotherapy, SIMATS, Chennai, India
| | - M Saranya Devi
- Saveetha College of Physiotherapy, SIMATS, Chennai, India
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17
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O'Loughlin J, Casanova F, Jones SE, Hagenaars SP, Beaumont RN, Freathy RM, Watkins ER, Vetter C, Rutter MK, Cain SW, Phillips AJK, Windred DP, Wood AR, Weedon MN, Tyrrell J. Using Mendelian Randomisation methods to understand whether diurnal preference is causally related to mental health. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:6305-6316. [PMID: 34099873 PMCID: PMC8760058 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01157-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Late diurnal preference has been linked to poorer mental health outcomes, but the understanding of the causal role of diurnal preference on mental health and wellbeing is currently limited. Late diurnal preference is often associated with circadian misalignment (a mismatch between the timing of the endogenous circadian system and behavioural rhythms), so that evening people live more frequently against their internal clock. This study aims to quantify the causal contribution of diurnal preference on mental health outcomes, including anxiety, depression and general wellbeing and test the hypothesis that more misaligned individuals have poorer mental health and wellbeing using an actigraphy-based measure of circadian misalignment. Multiple Mendelian Randomisation (MR) approaches were used to test causal pathways between diurnal preference and seven well-validated mental health and wellbeing outcomes in up to 451,025 individuals. In addition, observational analyses tested the association between a novel, objective measure of behavioural misalignment (Composite Phase Deviation, CPD) and seven mental health and wellbeing outcomes. Using genetic instruments identified in the largest GWAS for diurnal preference, we provide robust evidence that early diurnal preference is protective for depression and improves wellbeing. For example, using one-sample MR, a twofold higher genetic liability of morningness was associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.88, 0.97). It is possible that behavioural factors including circadian misalignment may contribute in the chronotype depression relationship, but further work is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica O'Loughlin
- Genetics of Complex Traits, The College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, The RILD Building, RD&E Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | - Francesco Casanova
- Genetics of Complex Traits, The College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, The RILD Building, RD&E Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | - Samuel E Jones
- Genetics of Complex Traits, The College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, The RILD Building, RD&E Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | - Saskia P Hagenaars
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Robin N Beaumont
- Genetics of Complex Traits, The College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, The RILD Building, RD&E Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | - Rachel M Freathy
- Genetics of Complex Traits, The College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, The RILD Building, RD&E Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | - Edward R Watkins
- Psychology, Mood Disorders Centre, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Céline Vetter
- Circadian and Sleep Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Martin K Rutter
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Diabetes Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Sean W Cain
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew J K Phillips
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel P Windred
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew R Wood
- Genetics of Complex Traits, The College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, The RILD Building, RD&E Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | - Michael N Weedon
- Genetics of Complex Traits, The College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, The RILD Building, RD&E Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | - Jessica Tyrrell
- Genetics of Complex Traits, The College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, The RILD Building, RD&E Hospital, Exeter, UK.
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18
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Borges MM, Bomfim AJDL, Chagas MHN. Depression and empathy in health professionals who work in the long-term care institutions for older adults. Dement Neuropsychol 2021; 15:381-386. [PMID: 34630927 PMCID: PMC8485649 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642021dn15-030011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Empathy is an important factor to guarantee the quality of care provided in the long-term care institutions (LTCIs) for older adults, and depression is a factor that affects the health of the professional and, consequently, the care. Thus, it is important that studies are conducted on the relationship of these variables in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Miranda Borges
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - São Carlos, SP, Brazil.,Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Universidade de São Paulo - Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Instituto Bairral de Psquiatria - Itapira, SP, Brazil
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19
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Costa C, Teodoro M, Briguglio G, Vitale E, Giambò F, Indelicato G, Micali E, Italia S, Fenga C. Sleep Quality and Mood State in Resident Physicians during COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18158023. [PMID: 34360316 PMCID: PMC8345574 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Since the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has spread worldwide, healthcare workers—resident physicians in particular—have been hugely involved in facing the COVID-19 pandemic, experiencing unprecedented challenges in fighting the disease. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of poor sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, and alterations in mood state profiles in this category. This cross-sectional study, conducted in 2020, enrolled 119 subjects from a university hospital in southern Italy. Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaires were administered to physicians divided into four areas: anesthesiology, medicine, service, and surgery. In the overall sample, approximately 45% reported poor sleep quality, although only nine subjects (8%) reported an ESS score that suggested excessive daytime sleepiness. Alterations in mood profiles were also observed; the Vigor and Fatigue factors were the most altered. In particular, anesthesiologists seem to be the most affected category, showing a profound decrease in Vigor with a concomitant increase in Fatigue. Considering the possible consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, preventive measures should be adopted, especially those aimed at facilitating a better turnover of physicians, optimizing the working schedule, and improving the organization of work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Costa
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Michele Teodoro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.T.); (G.B.); (E.V.); (F.G.); (G.I.); (E.M.); (C.F.)
| | - Giusi Briguglio
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.T.); (G.B.); (E.V.); (F.G.); (G.I.); (E.M.); (C.F.)
| | - Ermanno Vitale
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.T.); (G.B.); (E.V.); (F.G.); (G.I.); (E.M.); (C.F.)
| | - Federica Giambò
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.T.); (G.B.); (E.V.); (F.G.); (G.I.); (E.M.); (C.F.)
| | - Giuliano Indelicato
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.T.); (G.B.); (E.V.); (F.G.); (G.I.); (E.M.); (C.F.)
| | - Elvira Micali
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.T.); (G.B.); (E.V.); (F.G.); (G.I.); (E.M.); (C.F.)
| | - Sebastiano Italia
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.T.); (G.B.); (E.V.); (F.G.); (G.I.); (E.M.); (C.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.T.); (G.B.); (E.V.); (F.G.); (G.I.); (E.M.); (C.F.)
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20
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Chae HJ, Kim M. Do depression and its associated factors differ in women daytime and shift workers?: an analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2018. KOREAN JOURNAL OF WOMEN HEALTH NURSING 2021; 27:113-127. [PMID: 36313130 PMCID: PMC9334190 DOI: 10.4069/kjwhn.2021.05.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2001] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study examined health behaviors, use of health services, and depression among women who perform daytime and shift work in Korea, as well as factors related to depression. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis using data from the 2018 data of the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Data on women, 1,493 regular daytime workers and 322 shift workers, were analyzed. Results Women shift workers were younger (χ2=43.97, p<.001), had a lower education level (χ2=45.56, p<.001), and lower personal income (χ2=16.85, p=.030) than their daytime counterparts. A higher proportion of shift workers were unmarried (χ2=37.47, p<.001) and they typically worked fewer than 40 hours per week (χ2=69.94, p<.001). The depression score of shift workers was higher than that of daytime workers (t=2.85, p=.005). A higher proportion of shift workers also drank alcohol (χ2=6.49, p=.032) and smoked (χ2=30.79, p<.001). Over 8% of shift workers typically slept fewer than 5 hours per night (χ2=14.17, p=.024). It was confirmed that depression in women shift workers was affected by age, personal income, marital status, health status, and smoking status, in addition to cancer screening participation, unmet medical care needs, and unmet dental care needs. Conclusion More attention should be given to the health needs of women working shifts. Health promotion programs specific for women shift workers are needed to improve their physical and mental health, encourage use of medical care services, and improve public health policies and systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ju Chae
- Department of Nursing, Joongbu University, Geumsan, Korea
| | - Mijong Kim
- Department of Nursing, Hannam University, Daejeon, Korea
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21
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Diurnal preference and depressive symptomatology: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12003. [PMID: 34099766 PMCID: PMC8184740 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91205-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Eveningness, a preference for later sleep and rise times, has been associated with a number of negative outcomes in terms of both physical and mental health. A large body of evidence links eveningness to Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). However, to date, evidence quantifying this association is limited. The current meta-analysis included 43 effect sizes from a total 27,996 participants. Using a random-effects model it was demonstrated that eveningness is associated with a small effect size (Fisher's Z = - 2.4, 95% CI [- 0.27. - 0.21], p < 0.001). Substantial heterogeneity between studies was observed, with meta-regression analyses demonstrating a significant effect of mean age on the association between diurnal preference and depression. There was also evidence of potential publication bias as assessed by visual inspection of funnel plots and Egger's test. The association between diurnal preference and depression is small in magnitude and heterogenous. A better understanding of the mechanistic underpinnings linking diurnal preference to depression and suitably powered prospective studies that allow causal inference are required.
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22
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Zhou T, Cheng G, Wu X, Li R, Li C, Tian G, He S, Yan Y. The Associations between Sleep Duration, Academic Pressure, and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Adolescents: Results from China Family Panel Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6134. [PMID: 34204145 PMCID: PMC8201038 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18116134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Depressive symptoms are a common mental health problem among adolescents, which may affect their physical and mental health development and impose heavy burdens on individual families and society. This study aimed to examine the associations between sleep duration, academic pressure, and depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents and to construct the mediation model to explore the mediating effect of sleep duration. The data are from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Methodologically, the aforementioned associations were explored by constructing a structural equation model and applying multivariate multilevel logistic regression. In this study, we found that approximately 6.49% of the 3724 Chinese adolescents had depressive symptoms. Sleep duration of <6 h/night (OR = 2.39, 95%CI = 1.33-4.32) and high/maximum academic pressure (high: OR = 1.43, 95%CI = 1.02-1.99; maximum: OR = 2.43, 95%CI = 1.58-3.73) were both associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms in adolescents. Meanwhile, the multiplicative interaction between sleep duration and academic pressure was significantly associated with depressive symptoms in adolescents (p < 0.001). The sleep duration played a partial mediating role in the relationship between academic pressure and depressive symptoms (a*b = 0.006, 95%BootCI = 0.001-0.012). Our study highlights that it is essential to mitigate the academic pressure of adolescents to increase their sleep duration and further reduce the occurrence of depressive symptoms by adopting corresponding preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Xiangya Road 110, Changsha 410078, China; (T.Z.); (G.C.); (X.W.); (R.L.); (C.L.); (G.T.); (S.H.)
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23
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Yoshizaki T, Togo F. Objectively measured chronotype and social jetlag are associated with habitual dietary intake in undergraduate students. Nutr Res 2021; 90:36-45. [PMID: 34038836 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the associations between objectively measured sleep timing and habitual dietary intake among university students. We hypothesized that a later chronotype and larger social jetlag (SJL) are associated with an undesirable dietary intake. The 82 healthy university students included in this study were asked to undertake a seven-day wrist activity recording. All the participants also completed a self-administered questionnaire during the recording period, including questions on demographic characteristics and habitual dietary intakes. Dietary intake and the score for adherence to the Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top (food guide score) over the previous month were evaluated using a self-reported diet history questionnaire. Nocturnal sleep timing and total sleep time for each night were estimated using the recorded wrist activity. Chronotype was calculated as weekend (WE) mid-sleep time corrected for catch-up sleep on weekdays (WDs). SJL was calculated by subtracting WD mid-sleep time from WE mid-sleep time. Multivariable linear regression showed that a later chronotype was significantly (P < .05) associated with a lower consumption of eggs, greater consumption of grains, and lower food guide score. Multivariable linear regression also showed significant (P < .05) associations of a larger value in SJL with a lower total energy intake, lower consumption of grains, and greater consumption of sugar and confectioneries. The results suggest that chronotype and SJL may be differently associated with undesirable dietary intake in young adults. These findings have important implications for developing novel strategies, focusing on sleep timing, for improving dietary intakes and preventing lifestyle-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yoshizaki
- Department of Food and Life Sciences, Faculty of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Oura-gun, Itakura-machi, Gunma 374-0193, Japan.
| | - Fumiharu Togo
- Educational Physiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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24
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Tian Y, Yue Y, Liao X, Wang J, Ye M, Liu Y, Li Y, Zhou J. Mental health service use and its associated factors among nurses in China: a cross-sectional survey. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11181. [PMID: 33868823 PMCID: PMC8029656 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To facilitate mental health service planning for nurses, data on the patterns of mental health service use (MHSU) among nurses are needed. However, MHSU among Chinese nurses has seldom been studied. Our study aimed to explore the rate of MHSU among Chinese nurses and to identify the factors associated with MHSU. Methods A self-designed anonymous questionnaire was used in this study. MHSU was assessed by the question, “Have you ever used any kind of mental health services, such as mental health outpatient services or psychotherapies, when you felt that your health was suffering due to stress, insomnia, or other reasons?” The answer to the question was binary (yes or no). Sleep quality, burnout, and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index , the Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey and the two-item Patient Health Questionnaire, respectively. Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression were used for univariate and multivariate analyses. Results A total of 10.94% (301/2750) of the nurses reported MHSU. 10.25% (282/2750) of the nurses had poor sleep quality, burnout and depressive symptoms, and only 26.95% of these nurses reported MHSU. Very poor sleep quality (OR 9.36, 95% CI [5.38-16.29]), mid-level professional title (OR 1.48, 95% CI [1.13-1.93]) and depressive symptoms (OR 1.66, 95% CI [1.28-2.13]) were independent factors associated with MHSU. Conclusions Most of the nurses have experienced burnout, poor sleep quality or depressive symptoms and the MHSU rate among them was low. Interventions to improve the mental health of nurses and to promote the use of mental health services are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Tian
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuchen Yue
- Department of Psychiatry at the Center for Addiction & Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaoli Liao
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianjian Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Man Ye
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yiting Liu
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yamin Li
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiansong Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Cheng WJ, Puttonen S, Vanttola P, Koskinen A, Kivimäki M, Härmä M. Association of shift work with mood disorders and sleep problems according to chronotype: a 17-year cohort study. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:518-525. [PMID: 33588657 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1885431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Both evening chronotype and shift work are associated with depressive symptoms. This study examined whether the association between shift work and mood disorders and sleep problems varies by chronotype. The study population included 10637 participants from the Finnish Hospital Personnel Cohort Study. Work schedule was assessed using repeated questionnaires between 2000 and 2017. Chronotype, assessed using a single item from the Diurnal Type Scale, was categorized into definite morning, somewhat morning, somewhat evening, and definite evening types. The presence of mood disorders was identified by the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. Sleep problems were assessed by self-reported frequency of difficulty falling asleep and maintaining asleep. Longitudinal fixed effects models were used to examine the associations between shift work and the presence of mood disorders and sleep problems, stratified by chronotype. We found that fixed night work was associated with mood disorders among somewhat evening (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.91, 95% CI 1.09-3.34) and definite evening-type workers (adjusted OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.06-3.98). Shift work with night shifts was associated with mood disorders among definite evening-type workers (adjusted OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.18-2.60). Similarly, fixed night work was associated with difficulty maintaining sleep only among evening-type workers. In conclusion, evening chronotype increase the vulnerability to mood disorders and sleep disturbances related to night work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ju Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Päivi Vanttola
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aki Koskinen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.,Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Härmä
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
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26
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Hashemzadeh I, Marquez-Arrico JE, Hashemzadeh K, Navarro JF, Adan A. Circadian Functioning and Quality of Life in Substance Use Disorder Patients With and Without Comorbid Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:750500. [PMID: 34777054 PMCID: PMC8586202 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.750500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Although a relationship between circadian disruption and development of several psychiatric disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and substance use disorder (SUD), has been observed, knowledge on this area is scarce yet. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the circadian functioning and quality of life (QOL) in SUD patients with and without comorbid MDD, two highly prevalent clinical entities with difficult therapeutic management. Methods: One hundred sixty-three male patients under treatment, 81 with SUD and 82 with SUD comorbid major depressive disorder (SUD + MDD), were evaluated. For the circadian functioning assessment, we calculated Social Jet Lag (SJL) and used the reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). QOL was measured using the shortened version of the World Health Organization's Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF). We collected sociodemographic and clinical variables to evaluate their possible influence on the circadian functioning. Intergroup differences among the variables were examined by different analyses of covariance (ANCOVA and MANCOVA). The possible relationships of quantitative clinical variables with rMEQ, PSQI, and WHOQOL-BREF were explored using bivariate correlation analysis. Results: Lower SJL appears in the SUD + MDD group compared with SUD. The intermediate-type was more prevalent in the SUD group, while a higher percentage of morning-type patients was found in the SUD + MDD. Sleep quality (including latency and daytime dysfunction) was worse for SUD + MDD patients than for SUD even after controlling age and age of SUD onset variables. Last, QOL was poorer in patients with SUD + MDD and, for them, psychological health had a negative relationship with SJL and severity of depression. Conclusions: Our data support and extend previous findings indicating that SUD + MDD is associated with worse clinical characteristics, more sleep problems, and poorer QOL than SUD patients. These results underline the importance of a precise assessment of these measurements in future studies conducted in SUD patients with/without MDD comorbidity that could be considered from a therapeutic point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Hashemzadeh
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, School of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia E Marquez-Arrico
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, School of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kosar Hashemzadeh
- Department of Psychology, Fasa Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fasa, Iran
| | | | - Ana Adan
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, School of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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27
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Silva ACPE, Dos Santos MJ, Góes Gitaí DL, de Miranda Coelho JAP, de Andrade TG. Depression and anxiety symptoms correlate with diurnal preference, sleep habits, and Per3 VNTR polymorphism (rs57875989) in a non-clinical sample. J Affect Disord 2020; 277:260-270. [PMID: 32841827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidences suggest that alterations in circadian rhythms trigger the development of mental disorders. Eveningness, sleep behavior, and circadian genes polymorphisms have been associated with depression and anxiety symptomatology. However, the mechanism underlying these interactions is not well understood. We investigated the contribution of diurnal preference, sleep habits, and PER3 VNTR polymorphism (rs57875989) to depression and anxiety symptoms in a Northeast sample from the Brazilian population. METHODS Eight hundred and four young adults completed the Morningness-Eveningness (MEQ), Munich Chronotype (MCTQ), Center for Epidemiologic Studies - Depression (CES-D), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) questionnaires. All participants were genotyped and linear regression was performed to test the interactions between the genetic /behavioral variants and depression/ anxiety symptoms. RESULTS Eveningness and sleep behaviors (bedtime, wake-up time, sleep duration, and midpoint of sleep) were correlated with depression symptomatology, specifically in somatic factors of the CES-D questionnaire. No correlation was found between diurnal preference/sleep habits with anxiety symptoms for both BAI total score and its factors. However, women with PER34/4 genotype showed less interpesonal affect in depression symptomatology and more anxiety symptoms in four factors of the BAI questionnaire. LIMITATIONS Mainly because this study was based on self-report questionnaires and was limited to undergraduate students aging 18 to 30 years old. CONCLUSION These results reinforce a role for sleep and diurnal preference in depression, and PER3 VNTR polymorphism in anxiety symptomatology, particularly in women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tiago Gomes de Andrade
- Circadian Medicine Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.
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28
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D'Oliveira TC, Anagnostopoulos A. The Association Between Shift Work And Affective Disorders: A Systematic Review. Chronobiol Int 2020; 38:182-200. [PMID: 33222534 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1838533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Atypical working time patterns are known to be associated with adverse physical health consequences. The impact of chronic exposure to shift work on psychological wellbeing and mental health is also reported, but not fully appreciated. We conducted a systematic review of the literature on the association between shift work and affective disorders using the electronic databases Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Data extracted included detailed characteristics of shift work, the affective disorders under study, and the population targeted. Some 25 extracted articles satisfied all inclusion and exclusion criteria. Findings of these articles reveal shift work is associated with increases in depressive symptoms (12 studies), anxiety (2 studies), and depression and anxiety (7 studies). Only three studies found no association between shift work and depression. The findings of this review suggest that shift work increases the symptoms of depression and anxiety.
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Hu Y, Niu Z, Dai L, Maguire R, Zong Z, Hu Y, Wang D. The relationship between sleep pattern and depression in Chinese shift workers: A mediating role of emotional exhaustion. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ajpy.12253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Hu
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China,
| | - Zhaoxiang Niu
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China,
| | - Lejiao Dai
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China,
| | - Rebecca Maguire
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University of Ireland, Maynooth, Ireland,
| | - Zhaobiao Zong
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China,
| | - Yu Hu
- Office of Educational Administration, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,
| | - Dawei Wang
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China,
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30
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Üzer A, Yücens B. The effect of circadian preferences on insomnia severity and depressive symptoms via sleep hygiene in older adults with depression and healthy controls. Psychogeriatrics 2020; 20:871-879. [PMID: 32954590 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The elderly population is increasing globally. Thus, researches focus on the causes and treatment of insomnia, a noteworthy ageing problem. This study aims to investigate the relationship between chronotype and insomnia and whether sleep hygiene mediates this relationship in older adults with depression (OAD). METHODS We assessed subjective insomnia severity, sleep hygiene, chronotype, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms of 82 OAD and 70 healthy controls using the Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). RESULTS The mediation effect of SHI and ISI scores were evaluated in the relationship between MEQ and BDI total scores in OAD. The results showed that MEQ performed its effect on BDI through ISI with full mediation (effect = -0.16, SE: 0.07, 95% CI: -0.3230 to -0.0336). The mediation effect of SHI and BDI scores were evaluated in the relationship between MEQ and ISI total scores in OAD. In this model, it was found that MEQ significantly performed its effect on ISI through SHI and BDI. BDI and SHI predicted the ISI variable as partial mediators (respectively, effect = -0.05, SE: 0.03, 95% CI: -0.1073 to -0.0100; effect = -0.06, SE: 0.02, 95% CI: -0.1051 to -0.0129). CONCLUSIONS Sleep hygiene practices could be essential for the natural functioning of the biological clock and the interrelation of depression and insomnia. Longitudinal follow-up studies of structured sleep hygiene approaches are needed in terms of cost-effectiveness, in OAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Üzer
- Department of Psychiatry, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Bengü Yücens
- Department of Psychiatry, Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey
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31
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Üzer A, Yücens B. Chronotype and depressive symptoms in healthy subjects: the mediating role of hopelessness and subjective sleep quality. Chronobiol Int 2020; 37:1173-1180. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1775629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Üzer
- Department of Psychiatry, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Bengü Yücens
- Department of Psychiatry, Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey
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Sleep disturbance-related depressive symptom and brain volume reduction in shift-working nurses. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9100. [PMID: 32499549 PMCID: PMC7272417 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66066-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbed sleep is the most common effect of shift work. A large corpus of research indicates an association between sleep disturbance and depressive symptom in shift workers. In this study, we proposed the mediating role of grey matter (GM) structure in the relationship between sleep disturbance and depressive symptom. We collected structural MRI (sMRI) data as well as assessing the level of sleep disturbance and depressive symptom with the Pittsburgh Sleep disturbance Index and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, respectively, in 20 shift-working nurses and 19 day-working nurses. The shift-working nurses reported greater severity of sleep disturbance and depressive symptom, and furthermore, they exhibited reduced GM volume in the left postcentral gyrus (PostCG), right PostCG, right paracentral lobule, and left superior temporal gyrus (STG), compared to the day-working nurses. For each of the four brain regions, we formulated a mediation hypothesis by developing a mediation model that represents a causal chain between GM volume, sleep disturbance, and depressive symptom. Tests of the hypothesis on the mediation of GM volume revealed that inter-individual variations in left PostCG volume and left STG volume accounted for the influence of sleep disturbance on depressive symptom. These results suggest that structural alterations in PostCG and STG play an intervening role in the development of depressive symptom following sleep disturbance. We propose the need of considering neuroanatomical abnormalities in explaining and understanding symptomatic changes induced by sleep disturbance.
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Majumdar P, Sahu S. Morningness orientation is an important determinant to circadian misalignment and tolerance: an Asian perspective. Chronobiol Int 2019; 37:2-28. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1682597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piya Majumdar
- Ergonomics and Occupational Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
| | - Subhashis Sahu
- Ergonomics and Occupational Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
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34
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Sleep duration is associated with depressive symptoms among expatriate nurses. J Affect Disord 2019; 257:658-661. [PMID: 31377601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited data on sleep and its impact on mental health among expatriate nurses in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to assess the association between sleep duration and symptoms of depression among expatriate nurses. METHODS Nurses in government healthcare facilities in Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia responded to an electronic survey (n = 977) on demography, lifestyle, job features, and symptoms of depression (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21). Binary and multinomial logistic regression, respectively, assessed the adjusted associations of daily sleep hours (≤5, 6-7, ≥8) with having any (no, yes) or degree of symptoms (no, mild to moderate, and severe to extremely severe). RESULTS There was a dose-response relationship between sleep hours and depressive symptoms (any as well as degree) (p-values for trend <0.05). For nurses who slept 6-7 h, the odds ratio (OR) of having any symptoms of depression was 1.6 (95% CI: 1.2 - 2.2), 'mild to moderate' symptoms 1.5 (95% CI: 1.1 - 2.2), and 'severe to extremely severe' symptoms 1.9 (95% CI: 1.1 - 3.4). For nurses who slept ≤5 h, the OR of having any symptoms was 2.1 (95% CI: 1.4-3.3), 'mild to moderate' symptoms 1.7 (95% CI: 1.0-2.6), and 'severe to extremely severe' symptoms 4.2 (95% CI: 2.2-8.1) (reference group ≥ 8 h). LIMITATIONS The sleep data pertained to duration only and not to sleep quality. CONCLUSION There was a strong association between sleep duration and symptoms of depression among expatriate nurses.
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35
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Reid KJ, Weng J, Ramos AR, Zee PC, Daviglus M, Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Sotres-Alvarez D, Gallo LC, Chirinos DA, Patel SR. Impact of shift work schedules on actigraphy-based measures of sleep in Hispanic workers: results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos ancillary Sueño study. Sleep 2019; 41:5053098. [PMID: 30010969 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Study Objectives To describe sleep characteristics of shift workers compared with day workers from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) Sueño ancillary study and test the hypothesis that shift work is associated with shorter sleep duration, worse sleep quality, greater sleep variability, and other sleep/health-related factors. Methods Employed adults (N = 1253, mean age 46.3 years, 36.3% male) from the Sueño study were included. Measures of sleep duration, timing, regularity, and continuity were calculated from 7 days of wrist-activity monitoring. Participants provided information on demographics, employment, work schedule (day, afternoon, night, split, irregular, and rotating), sleepiness, depressive symptoms, medications, caffeine, and alcohol use. Survey linear regression adjusting for age, sex, background, site, number of jobs, and work hours was used. Results In age and sex-adjusted models, all shift work schedules were associated with delayed sleep timing. Night and irregular schedules were associated with shorter sleep duration, greater napping, and greater variability of sleep. Afternoon and rotating shifts were associated with lower sleep regularity. In fully adjusted models, night and irregular schedules remained associated with shorter sleep duration, later sleep midpoint, and greater variability in sleep measures compared with day schedules. Split schedules were associated with, less time in bed, less sleep fragmentation, and less wake during the sleep period than day schedules. Conclusions Work schedule significantly affects sleep-wake with substantial differences between day work and other types of schedule. Detailed assessment of work schedule type not just night shift should be considered as an important covariate when examining the association between sleep and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn J Reid
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Jia Weng
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Alberto R Ramos
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Phyllis C Zee
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Daniela Sotres-Alvarez
- Department of Biostatistics, Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA
| | | | - Sanjay R Patel
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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The impact of rotating work schedules, chronotype, and restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease on sleep quality among female hospital nurses and midwives: A cross-sectional survey. Int J Nurs Stud 2019; 95:103-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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37
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Nanri A, Kochi T, Eguchi M, Kabe I, Mizoue T. Demographic and lifestyle correlates of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in a working population: The Furukawa Nutrition and Health Study. Psychiatry Res 2019; 272:581-586. [PMID: 30616127 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the cross-sectional association of demographic and lifestyle factors with serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations in a Japanese working population. Participants were 1678 men and 172 women aged 19-69 years who received health check-ups and participated in a nutrition and health survey. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated self-administered diet history questionnaire. Serum BDNF concentrations were measured using a solid phase sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to estimate the mean and 95% confidence interval of serum BDNF concentrations according to demographic and lifestyle factors. Higher body mass index (BMI) was significantly associated with higher circulating BDNF concentrations. Current smokers had significantly higher mean BDNF concentrations than never-smokers. BDNF concentrations were not associated with folate and 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in serum, or dietary eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid intake. Serum BDNF concentrations were not associated with depressive symptoms or CES-D score per se. In this study, higher BMI and smoking were associated with higher concentrations of serum BDNF, while nutrients that have been linked to depression were not associated with BDNF concentrations among Japanese workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Nanri
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, International College of Arts and Sciences, Fukuoka Women's University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Kochi
- Department of Health Administration, Furukawa Electric Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Eguchi
- Department of Health Administration, Furukawa Electric Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isamu Kabe
- Department of Health Administration, Furukawa Electric Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizoue
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Tafoya SA, Aldrete–Cortez V, Ortiz S, Fouilloux C, Flores F, Monterrosas AM. Resilience, sleep quality and morningness as mediators of vulnerability to depression in medical students with sleep pattern alterations. Chronobiol Int 2018; 36:381-391. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1552290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia A. Tafoya
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- School of Psychology, Universidad Panamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vania Aldrete–Cortez
- Neuroscience and Cognitive Developmental Laboratory, School of Psychology, Universidad Panamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Silvia Ortiz
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Claudia Fouilloux
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Felipe Flores
- Department of Medical Internship, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana M. Monterrosas
- Department of Medical Internship, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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HITTLE BM, GILLESPIE GL. Identifying shift worker chronotype: implications for health. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2018; 56:512-523. [PMID: 29973467 PMCID: PMC6258747 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2018-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Shift workers are at risk for developing serious health issues due to short sleep. One cause of short sleep is circadian misalignment: sleep time is not synchronized with the body's natural circadian rhythms. Although circadian rhythms are strongly driven by the light/dark cycle, humans have individualized sleep time preferences (chronotypes) based on genetics, development, and external influences. Evening chronotype individuals fall asleep later than average and have a higher risk for developing various noncommunicable diseases. What is unclear is the association between chronotype, shift work, and risks for acquiring chronic conditions. This review is focused on shift worker chronotype and associations with obesity. Because of the paucity of research, other health issues connected with circadian misalignment were included, allowing for a total of 21 research studies. Evidence from this review supports chronotype and certain health issues are associated with shift work, even after adjusting for short sleep duration. In addition, there is evidence to support future research on how shift worker chronotype matched with shift timing impacts worker health. Through better understanding of this interface, occupational health providers can provide more comprehensive worker education on the risks associated with shift work and sleep disturbances.
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Li H, Shao Y, Xing Z, Li Y, Wang S, Zhang M, Ying J, Shi Y, Sun J. Napping on night-shifts among nursing staff: A mixed-methods systematic review. J Adv Nurs 2018; 75:291-312. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.13859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Li
- Basic Nursing Department; School of Nursing; Jilin University; Changchun Jilin China
| | - Yanping Shao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; The Second Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun Jilin China
| | - Zhuangjie Xing
- Basic Nursing Department; School of Nursing; Jilin University; Changchun Jilin China
| | - Yuan Li
- Basic Nursing Department; School of Nursing; Jilin University; Changchun Jilin China
| | - Shouqi Wang
- Basic Nursing Department; School of Nursing; Jilin University; Changchun Jilin China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Basic Nursing Department; School of Nursing; Jilin University; Changchun Jilin China
| | - Jie Ying
- Basic Nursing Department; School of Nursing; Jilin University; Changchun Jilin China
| | - Ying Shi
- Basic Nursing Department; School of Nursing; Jilin University; Changchun Jilin China
| | - Jiao Sun
- Basic Nursing Department; School of Nursing; Jilin University; Changchun Jilin China
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Gerasimchuk MY. [The prognostic significance of biological rhythms assessment in depression]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018; 118:17-21. [PMID: 30335067 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201811809117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the prognostic significance of biological rhythms in depression on the example of the individual chronotype. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred patients (women 68%), aged 18-77 years, mean age 48±16, were examined before and after 8 weeks of treatment. The Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) was used. Treatment response (a decrease of 50% in total MADRS scores to the 8th week of treatment) and dynamics of depression severity (dMADRS; R) were assessed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Evening chronotype was found to be associated with poor prognosis. TCAs and SSRIs were more effective in eveningness, other antidepressants - in morningness. MEQ changes during and after treatment may reflect the resynchronizing activity of antidepressants.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Evening chronotype is increasingly recognized as a correlate of, and perhaps a contributor to, mental illness. The current review evaluates recent evidence for the association between chronotype and mental illness and putative mechanisms underlying the association, while highlighting methodological advances and areas of research that are relatively under-examined in the literature. RECENT FINDINGS While evening chronotype is most consistently associated with severity of mood disorder symptoms, emerging evidence implicates evening chronotype as a transdiagnostic correlate of substance use severity, anxiety symptoms, attentional difficulties, and maladaptive behaviors such as aggression. Longitudinal studies point to the possibility that evening chronotype precedes problematic substance use, depression, and anxiety. Neural processes related to reward and affective regulation may underlie associations between evening chronotype and illness. The literature on chronotype and mental illness has evolved to (1) include associations with a broader range of psychiatric symptom profiles; (2) explore underlying mechanisms; and (3) expand on earlier research using objective measures and more sophisticated study designs. In addition to further mechanistic research, additional work is needed to examine the stability and key subcomponents of the chronotype construct, as well as more attention to pediatric and special populations. This research is needed to clarify the chronotype-mental health relationship, and to identify how, when, and what aspects of chronotype can be targeted via therapeutic interventions.
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Horne CM, Watts AL, Norbury R. The influence of subjective sleep quality on the association between eveningness and depressive symptoms. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2018.1474576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M. Horne
- Department of Psychology, Whitelands College, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | - Alexandra L. Watts
- Department of Psychology, Whitelands College, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | - Ray Norbury
- Department of Psychology, Whitelands College, University of Roehampton, London, UK
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Horne CM, Norbury R. Exploring the effect of chronotype on hippocampal volume and shape: A combined approach. Chronobiol Int 2018; 35:1027-1033. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1455056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ray Norbury
- Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, UK
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Lee IT, Sheu WHH, Lee WJ, Chen DY. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor predicting reduction in pulse pressure after a one-hour rest in nurses working night shifts. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5485. [PMID: 29615787 PMCID: PMC5882896 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23791-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Night shift work is associated with cardiovascular disease and central nervous system disorders in female nurses. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) exerts protective effects on neural and endothelial functions. This study examined the association between serum BDNF levels and pulse pressure after rest in female nurses working night shifts. In this study, blood samples were collected for BDNF measurement after a night shift when nurses had been working night shifts for three continuous weeks. Blood pressure was assessed before and after a one-hour morning rest within a week of resuming the night shift after one month without any night shift work. The pulse pressure of nurses (n = 48, age 29 ± 5 years) was significantly reduced (from 43 ± 7 to 41 ± 6 mmHg, P = 0.003) after rest, and serum BDNF were significantly and inversely correlated with pulse pressure changes (r = −0.435, P = 0.002). Higher serum BDNF was an independent factor for greater reduction in pulse pressure (95%CI = −0.609 ‒ −0.174, P = 0.001). Using a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, serum BDNF >20.6 ng/mL predicted a pulse pressure reduction after a one-hour rest (sensitivity 66.7%, specificity 77.8%). In conclusion, higher serum BDNF predicted greater recovery of pulse pressure after a one-hour rest in female nurses after night shift work.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Te Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Der-Yuan Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,PhD Program in Translational Medicine and Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Yoshizaki T, Komatsu T, Tada Y, Hida A, Kawano Y, Togo F. Association of habitual dietary intake with morningness-eveningness and rotating shift work in Japanese female nurses. Chronobiol Int 2018; 35:392-404. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2017.1410169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yoshizaki
- Department of Food and Life Sciences, Faculty of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Toyo University, Itakura-machi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Taiki Komatsu
- College of Sports Science, Nihon University, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Tada
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Azumi Hida
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukari Kawano
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiharu Togo
- Educational Physiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
Previous research has demonstrated a clear link between late chronotype and depression. The vulnerability factors underpinning this link, however, are unclear. Here the relationship between two specific emotion regulation strategies, cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, and chronotype was investigated using multiple regression. Two hundred and forty participants (age range 18-80, 189 females) completed validated self-report questionnaires assaying chronotype, neuroticism, depressive symptomatology, sleep quality, and emotion regulation. Eveningness was associated with increased expressive suppression, and morningness was associated with increased cognitive reappraisal after controlling for age, gender, depressive symptomatology, neuroticism, and sleep quality. Trait expressive suppression and reduced cognitive reappraisal are known to increase depression risk. Our results suggest that eveningness is associated with impaired emotion regulation, which may confer risk for future depression. These findings suggest modifiable markers that could be therapeutically targeted to prevent the onset of depression in late chronotype individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ray Norbury
- Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, UK
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