1
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Hong H, Lv J, Deng A, Tang Y, Liu Z. A review of experimental Assessment Processes of material resistance to marine and freshwater biofouling. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 357:120766. [PMID: 38565032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Biofouling presents hazards to a variety of freshwater and marine underwater infrastructures and is one of the direct causes of species invasion. These negative impacts provide a unified goal for both industry practitioners and researchers: the development of novel antifouling materials to prevent the adhesion of biofouling. The prohibition of tributyltin (TBT) by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 2001 propelled the research and development of new antifouling materials. However, the evaluation process and framework for these materials remain incomplete and unsystematic. This mini-review starts with the classification and principles of new antifouling materials, discussing and summarizing the methods for assessing their biofouling resistance. The paper also compiles the relevant regulations and environmental requirements from different countries necessary for developing new antifouling materials with commercial potential. It concludes by highlighting the current challenges in antifouling material development and future outlooks. Systematic evaluation of newly developed antifouling materials can lead to the emergence of more genuinely applicable solutions, transitioning from merely laboratory products to materials that can be effectively used in real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heting Hong
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China; Wuhan Regional Climate Center, Hubei Meteorological Bureau, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Jiawen Lv
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Aijuan Deng
- Wuhan Regional Climate Center, Hubei Meteorological Bureau, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yang Tang
- Wuhan Regional Climate Center, Hubei Meteorological Bureau, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhixiong Liu
- Wuhan Regional Climate Center, Hubei Meteorological Bureau, Wuhan, 430074, China
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2
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Hu J, Zhang D, Li W, Li Y, Shan G, Zuo M, Song Y, Wu Z, Ma L, Zheng Q, Du M. Construction of a Soft Antifouling PAA/PSBMA Hydrogel Coating with High Toughness and Low Swelling through the Dynamic Coordination Bonding Provided by Al(OH) 3 Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:6433-6446. [PMID: 38289030 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Marine biofouling, resulting from the adhesion of marine organisms to ship surfaces, has long been a significant issue in the maritime industry. In this paper, we focused on utilizing soft and hydrophilic hydrogels as a potential approach for antifouling (AF) coatings. Acrylic acid (AA) with a polyelectrolyte effect and N-(3-sulfopropyl)-N-(methacryloxyethyl)-N,N-dimethylammonium betaine (SBMA) with an antipolyelectrolyte effect were selected as monomers. By adjusting the monomer ratio, we were able to create hydrogel coatings that exhibited low swelling ratio in both fresh water and seawater. The Al(OH)3 nanoparticle, as a physical cross-linker, provided better mechanical properties (higher tensile strength and larger elongation at break) than the chemical cross-linker through the dynamic coordination bonds and plentiful hydrogen bonds. Additionally, we incorporated trehalose into the hydrogel, enabling the repair of the hydrogel network through covalent-like hydrogen bonding. The zwitterion compound SBMA endowed the hydrogel with excellent AF performance. It was found that the highest SBMA content did not lead to the best antibacterial performance, as bacterial adhesion quantity was also influenced by the charge of the hydrogel. The hydrogel with appropriate SBMA content being close to electrical neutrality exhibits the strongest zwitterionic property of PSBMA chains, resulting in the best antibacterial adhesion performance. Furthermore, the pronounced hydrophilicity of SBMA enhanced the lubrication of the hydrogel surface, thereby reducing the friction resistance when applied to the hull surface during ship navigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Dezhi Zhang
- Hangzhou Applied Acoustics Research Institute, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Wenbao Li
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guorong Shan
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Min Zuo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yihu Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ziliang Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lie Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Miao Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan 030000, China
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3
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Daille LK, Spear JR, Beech I, Vargas IT, De la Iglesia R. Seasonal variation in the biological succession of marine diatoms over 316L stainless steel in a coastal environment of Chile. BIOFOULING 2024; 40:1-13. [PMID: 38213232 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2023.2300150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Characterizing seasonal changes in diatom community profiles in coastal environments is scarce worldwide. Despite diatoms being prevalent in microfouling, their role in microbially influenced corrosion of metallic materials remains poorly understood. This study reports the effect of seasonal variations on the settlement of marine diatoms and corrosion of 316 L stainless steel surfaces exposed to Chilean coastal seawater. Electron microscopy imaging revealed a diverse assembly of diatoms, exhibiting pronounced differences at genus level between summer and winter seasons, with a significant delay in diatom settlement during winter. Electrochemical measurements indicated an active role of diatoms in increasing corrosion current during biofilm development. While the final diatom composition was similar irrespective of the season, the analyses of diatom assemblages over time differed, showing faster colonization when silicate and nitrate were available. This study lays the foundation for future research on the dominant season-specific genera of diatoms to unveil the microbial interactions that could contribute to corrosion and to evaluate their potential as bioindicators for alternative surveillance strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie K Daille
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Santiago, RM, Chile
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, RM, Chile
| | - John R Spear
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, CO School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA
| | - Iwona Beech
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, MT State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Ignacio T Vargas
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, RM, Chile
- Marine Energy Research & Innovation Center (MERIC), Santiago, RM, Chile
| | - Rodrigo De la Iglesia
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Santiago, RM, Chile
- Marine Energy Research & Innovation Center (MERIC), Santiago, RM, Chile
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4
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Naik AT, Kamensky KM, Hellum AM, Moisander PH. Disturbance frequency directs microbial community succession in marine biofilms exposed to shear. mSphere 2023; 8:e0024823. [PMID: 37931135 PMCID: PMC10790581 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00248-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Disturbances are major drivers of community succession in many microbial systems; however, relatively little is known about marine biofilm community succession, especially under antifouling disturbance. Antifouling technologies exert strong local disturbances on marine biofilms, and resulting biomass losses can be accompanied by shifts in biofilm community composition and succession. We address this gap in knowledge by bridging microbial ecology with antifouling technology development. We show that disturbance by shear can strongly alter marine biofilm community succession, acting as a selective filter influenced by frequency of exposure. Examining marine biofilm succession patterns with and without shear revealed stable associations between key prokaryotic and eukaryotic taxa, highlighting the importance of cross-domain assessment in future marine biofilm research. Describing how compounded top-down and bottom-up disturbances shape the succession of marine biofilms is valuable for understanding the assembly and stability of these complex microbial communities and predicting species invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek T. Naik
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, Massachusetts, USA
- School of Marine Science and Technology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, New Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Aren M. Hellum
- Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Pia H. Moisander
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, Massachusetts, USA
- School of Marine Science and Technology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, New Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
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5
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Lemonnier C, Chalopin M, Huvet A, Le Roux F, Labreuche Y, Petton B, Maignien L, Paul-Pont I, Reveillaud J. Time-series incubations in a coastal environment illuminates the importance of early colonizers and the complexity of bacterial biofilm dynamics on marine plastics. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 312:119994. [PMID: 36028078 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The problematic of microplastics pollution in the marine environment is tightly linked to their colonization by a wide diversity of microorganisms, the so-called plastisphere. The composition of the plastisphere relies on a complex combination of multiple factors including the surrounding environment, the time of incubation along with the polymer type, making it difficult to understand how the biofilm evolves during the microplastic lifetime over the oceans. To better define bacterial community assembly processes on plastics, we performed a 5 months spatio-temporal survey of the plastisphere in an oyster farming area in the Bay of Brest (France). We deployed three types of plastic pellets in two positions in the foreshore and in the water column. Plastic-associated biofilm composition in all these conditions was monitored using 16 S rRNA metabarcoding and compared to free-living and attached bacterial members of seawater. We observed that bacterial families associated to plastic pellets were significantly distinct from the ones found in seawater, with a significant prevalence of filamentous Cyanobacteria on plastics. No convergence towards a unique plastisphere was detected between polymers exposed in the intertidal and subtidal area, emphasizing the central role of the surrounding environment on constantly shaping the plastisphere community diversity. However, we could define a bulk of early-colonizers of marine biofilms such as Alteromonas, Pseudoalteromonas or Vibrio. These early-colonizers could reach high abundances in floating microplastics collected in field-sampling studies, suggesting the plastic-associated biofilms could remain at early development stages across large oceanic scales. Our study raises the hypothesis that most members of the plastisphere, including putative pathogens, could result of opportunistic colonization processes and unlikely long-term transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lemonnier
- Univ Brest (UBO), CNRS, IFREMER, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, F-29280, Plouzané, France.
| | - M Chalopin
- Univ Brest (UBO), CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280, Plouzané, France
| | - A Huvet
- Univ Brest (UBO), CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280, Plouzané, France
| | - F Le Roux
- Ifremer, Unité Physiologie Fonctionnelle des Organismes Marins, ZI de La Pointe Du Diable, CS 10070, F-29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Y Labreuche
- Ifremer, Unité Physiologie Fonctionnelle des Organismes Marins, ZI de La Pointe Du Diable, CS 10070, F-29280, Plouzané, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, F-29688, Roscoff Cedex, France
| | - B Petton
- Univ Brest (UBO), CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280, Plouzané, France
| | - L Maignien
- Univ Brest (UBO), CNRS, IFREMER, Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, F-29280, Plouzané, France
| | - I Paul-Pont
- Univ Brest (UBO), CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280, Plouzané, France
| | - J Reveillaud
- MIVEGEC, University of Montpellier, INRAe, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
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6
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Impacts of UV-C irradiation on marine biofilm community succession. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 88:e0229821. [PMID: 34936837 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02298-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine biofilms are diverse microbial communities and important ecological habitats forming on surfaces submerged in the ocean. Biofilm communities resist environmental disturbance, making them a nuisance to some human activities ('biofouling'). Anti-fouling solutions rarely address the underlying stability or compositional responses of these biofilms. Using bulk measurements and molecular analyses, we examined temporal and UV-C antifouling-based shifts in marine biofilms in the coastal Western North Atlantic Ocean during early fall. Over a 24-d period, bacterial communities shifted from early dominance of Gammaproteobacteria to increased proportions of Alphaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia and Acidimicrobiia. In a network analysis based on temporal covariance, Rhodobacteraceae (Alphaproteobacteria) nodes were abundant and densely connected with generally positive correlations. In the eukaryotic community, persistent algal, protistan, and invertebrate groups were observed, although consistent temporal succession was not detected. Biofilm UV-C treatment at 13 and 20 days resulted in losses of chlorophyll a and transparent exopolymer particles, indicating biomass disruption. Bacterial community shifts suggested that UV-C treatment decreased biofilm maturation rate and was associated with proportional shifts among diverse bacterial taxa. UV-C treatment was also associated with increased proportions of protists potentially involved in detritivory and parasitism. Older biofilm communities had increased resistance to UV-C, suggesting that early biofilms are more susceptible to UV-C based antifouling. The results suggest that UV-C irradiation is potentially an effective antifouling method in marine environments in terms of biomass removal and in slowing maturation. However, as they mature, biofilm communities may accumulate microbial members that are tolerant or resilient under UV-treatment. Importance Marine biofilms regulate processes from organic matter and pollutant turnover to eukaryotic settlement and growth. Biofilm growth and eukaryotic settlement interfering with human activities via growth on ship hulls, aquaculture operations, or other marine infrastructure are called 'biofouling'. There is a need to develop sustainable anti-fouling techniques by minimizing impacts to surrounding biota. We use the biofouling-antifouling framework to test hypotheses about marine biofilm succession and stability in response to disturbance, using a novel UV-C LED device. We demonstrate strong bacterial biofilm successional patterns and detect taxa potentially contributing to stability under UV-C stress. Despite UV-C-associated biomass losses and varying UV susceptibility of microbial taxa, we detected high compositional resistance among biofilm bacterial communities, suggesting decoupling of disruption in biomass and community composition following UV-C irradiation. We also report microbial covariance patterns over 24 days of biofilm growth, pointing to areas for study of microbial interactions and targeted antifouling.
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7
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Edmiston CA, Cochlan WP, Ikeda CE, Chang AL. Impacts of a temperate to tropical voyage on the microalgal hull fouling community of an atypically-operated vessel. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 165:112112. [PMID: 33578188 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microalgal communities that colonize the hulls of at-risk vessels - those which have the highest port residency times, lowest speeds, and most stationary time in water - are expected to change as a function of environmental factors during ocean voyages, but are rarely studied. The microalgal communities on the hull of an atypically operated ship, the T.S. Golden Bear, were quantified during the course of a voyage from San Francisco Bay to the South Pacific and back. Here we clearly demonstrate that microalgal communities can be highly resilient, and can survive physiologically strenuous journeys through extreme variation in salinity and temperature. A 42% reduction in microalgal biomass and a 62% reduction in algal cellular abundance indicated a community-wide negative reaction to an increase in both salinity and temperature after the ship left San Francisco Bay, CA and cruised southward to Long Beach, although in vivo cellular fluorescence capacity increased. Further reductions in biomass (36%) and cellular abundance (26%) occurred once the ship encountered high-temperature, high-salinity waters in Hawaii. A 17% reduction of cellular fluorescence capacity was also observed in Hawaii. Despite previous environmental stressors, upon return to temperate waters off Vallejo, CA, biomass increased 230%, cellular abundance remained stable, and cellular fluorescence capacity increased from 0.45 ± 0.26 to 0.60 ± 0.07. The methods used in the current research provide efficient, cost-effective procedures for analyzing microalgal (and macrofouling) communities, which can in turn aid regulators in creating such necessary thresholds for enforcement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A Edmiston
- Estuary & Ocean Science Center, San Francisco State University, Tiburon, CA, USA.
| | - William P Cochlan
- Estuary & Ocean Science Center, San Francisco State University, Tiburon, CA, USA
| | - Christopher E Ikeda
- Estuary & Ocean Science Center, San Francisco State University, Tiburon, CA, USA
| | - Andrew L Chang
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Tiburon, CA, USA
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8
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Liu M, Li S, Wang H, Jiang R, Zhou X. Research progress of environmentally friendly marine antifouling coatings. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00512j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The antifouling mechanisms and research progress in the past three years of environmentally friendly marine antifouling coatings are introduced in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyue Liu
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences
- Suzhou University of Science andTechnology
- Suzhou 215009
- China
| | - Shaonan Li
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences
- Suzhou University of Science andTechnology
- Suzhou 215009
- China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences
- Suzhou University of Science andTechnology
- Suzhou 215009
- China
| | - Rijia Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences
- Suzhou University of Science andTechnology
- Suzhou 215009
- China
| | - Xing Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences
- Suzhou University of Science andTechnology
- Suzhou 215009
- China
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9
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Azevedo J, Antunes JT, Machado AM, Vasconcelos V, Leão PN, Froufe E. Monitoring of biofouling communities in a Portuguese port using a combined morphological and metabarcoding approach. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13461. [PMID: 32778680 PMCID: PMC7417558 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70307-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine biofouling remains an unsolved problem with a serious economic impact on several marine associated industries and constitutes a major vector for the spread of non-indigenous species (NIS). The implementation of biofouling monitoring programs allows for better fouling management and also for the early identification of NIS. However, few monitoring studies have used recent methods, such as metabarcoding, that can significantly enhance the detection of those species. Here, we employed monthly monitoring of biofouling growth on stainless steel plates in the Atlantic Port of Leixões (Northern Portugal), over one year to test the effect of commercial anti-corrosion paint in the communities. Fouling organisms were identified by combining morpho-taxonomy identification with community DNA metabarcoding using multiple markers (16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, 23S rRNA, and COI genes). The dominant colonizers found at this location were hard foulers, namely barnacles and mussels, while other groups of organisms such as cnidarians, bryozoans, and ascidians were also abundant. Regarding the temporal dynamics of the fouling communities, there was a progressive increase in the colonization of cyanobacteria, green algae, and red algae during the sampled period with the replacement of less abundant groups. The tested anticorrosion paint demonstrated to have a significant prevention effect against the biofouling community resulting in a biomass reduction. Our study also reports, for the first time, 29 NIS in this port, substantiating the need for the implementation of recurring biofouling monitoring programs in ports and harbours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Azevedo
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, CIIMAR/CIMAR, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge T Antunes
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, CIIMAR/CIMAR, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - André M Machado
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, CIIMAR/CIMAR, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, CIIMAR/CIMAR, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro N Leão
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, CIIMAR/CIMAR, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Elsa Froufe
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, CIIMAR/CIMAR, Matosinhos, Portugal.
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10
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Cacabelos E, Ramalhosa P, Canning-Clode J, Troncoso JS, Olabarria C, Delgado C, Dobretsov S, Gestoso I. The Role of Biofilms Developed under Different Anthropogenic Pressure on Recruitment of Macro-Invertebrates. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062030. [PMID: 32188145 PMCID: PMC7139543 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial biofilms can be key mediators for settlement of macrofoulers. The present study examines the coupled effects of microbial biofilms and local environmental conditions on the composition, structure and functioning of macrofouling assemblages. Settlement of invertebrates over a gradient of human-impacted sites was investigated on local biofilms and on biofilms developed in marine protected areas (MPAs). Special attention was given to the presence of non-indigenous species (NIS), a global problem that can cause important impacts on local assemblages. In general, the formation of macrofouling assemblages was influenced by the identity of the biofilm. However, these relationships varied across levels of anthropogenic pressure, possibly influenced by environmental conditions and the propagule pressure locally available. While the NIS Watersipora subatra seemed to be inhibited by the biofilm developed in the MPA, Diplosoma cf. listerianum seemed to be attracted by biofilm developed in the MPA only under mid anthropogenic pressure. The obtained information is critical for marine environmental management, urgently needed for the establishment of prevention and control mechanisms to minimize the settlement of NIS and mitigate their threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Cacabelos
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Edifício Madeira Tecnopolo, Piso 0, Caminho da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Patrício Ramalhosa
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Edifício Madeira Tecnopolo, Piso 0, Caminho da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
- OMM—Oceanic Observatory of Madeira, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação, Edifício Madeira Tecnopolo, Piso 0, Caminho da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - João Canning-Clode
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Edifício Madeira Tecnopolo, Piso 0, Caminho da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Road, Edgewater, MD 21037, USA
| | - Jesús S. Troncoso
- Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, E-36310 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Marina, CIM Universidade de Vigo, Illa de Toralla, E-36331 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Celia Olabarria
- Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, E-36310 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Marina, CIM Universidade de Vigo, Illa de Toralla, E-36331 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Cristina Delgado
- Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, E-36310 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Sergey Dobretsov
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
- Center of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Ignacio Gestoso
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Edifício Madeira Tecnopolo, Piso 0, Caminho da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Road, Edgewater, MD 21037, USA
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11
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Padmavathi AR, Sriyutha Murthy P, Das A, Nishad PA, Pandian R, Rao TS. Copper oxide nanoparticles as an effective anti-biofilm agent against a copper tolerant marine bacterium, Staphylococcus lentus. BIOFOULING 2019; 35:1007-1025. [PMID: 31718302 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2019.1687689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm formation on antifouling coatings is a serious concern in seawater cooling systems and the maritime industry. A prolific biofilm forming strain (Staphylococcus lentus), possessing high tolerance (>1,000 µg ml-1) to dissolved copper ions (Cu++) was isolated from titanium coupons exposed in the coastal waters of Kalpakkam, east coast of India. S. lentus formed increased biofilm (p < 0.05) at 100 µg ml-1 of Cu++ ions, when compared with the untreated control. To combat biofilm formation of this strain, the efficacy of copper oxide nanoparticles synthesized from copper nitrate by varying the concentrations of hexamine and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), was investigated. Complete (100%) inhibition of biofilm formation was observed with plain CuO NP (0.5 M hexamine, uncapped) at 1,000 µg ml-1. Capping with CTAB, influenced the morphology and the purity of the synthesized CuO NPs but did not alter their surface charge. Capping reduced metal ion release from CuO NPs and their antibacterial and anti-biofilm property against S. lentus. Overall, uncapped CuO NPs were effective in controlling biofilm formation of S. lentus. Concurrent release of copper ions and contact mediated physical damage by CuO NPs offer a promising approach to tackle metal tolerant biofilm bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alwar Ramanujam Padmavathi
- Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facilities, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Sriyutha Murthy
- Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facilities, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
- Life Sciences Department, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Arindam Das
- Surface and Nanoscience Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
- Chemical Sciences Department, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Padala Abdul Nishad
- Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facilities, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramanathasamy Pandian
- Surface and Nanoscience Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Toleti Subba Rao
- Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facilities, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
- Life Sciences Department, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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12
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Differential Colonization Dynamics of Marine Biofilm-Forming Eukaryotic Microbes on Different Protective Coating Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11010161. [PMID: 30960145 PMCID: PMC6401773 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the actual anti-biofouling (AF) efficacy of three protective coatings, including a chlorinated rubber-based coating (C₀) and two polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based coatings (P₀ and PF), were estimated via the static field exposure assays. The surface properties of these protective coatings, including surface wettability and morphology features, were characterized using the static water contact angle (WCA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The colonization and succession dynamics of the early-adherent biofilm-forming eukaryotic microbial communities occupied on these protective coatings were explored using the Single-stranded Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) technique. The field data clearly revealed that coating P₀ and PF performed better in the long-term static submergence, as compared with the C₀ surface, while coating PF showed excellent AF efficacy in the field. Fingerprinting analysis suggested that the diversity, abundance, the clustering patterns, and colonization dynamics of the early-colonized eukaryotic microbes were significantly perturbed by these protective coatings, particularly by the PF surfaces. These differential AF efficacy and perturbation effects would be largely ascribed to the differences in the wettability and surface nanostructures between the C₀, P₀ and PF surfaces, as evidenced by WCA and SEM analysis.
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13
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Piola R, Ang ASM, Leigh M, Wade SA. A comparison of the antifouling performance of air plasma spray (APS) ceramic and high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) coatings for use in marine hydraulic applications. BIOFOULING 2018; 34:479-491. [PMID: 29772915 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2018.1465052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Maritime hydraulic components are often exposed to harsh environmental conditions which can lead to accelerated deterioration, reduced function, equipment failure and costly repair. Two leading causes of maritime hydraulic failure are biofouling accumulation and corrosion. This study examined the antifouling performance of three candidate replacement high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) coatings relative to the performance of the current baseline air plasma spray (APS) ceramic coating for protection of hydraulic actuators. Following 20 weeks immersion at tropical and temperate field exposure sites, the control APS ceramic accumulated significantly greater levels of biofouling compared to the HVOF coatings. More specifically, the magnitude of growth of real-world nuisance hard fouling observed on in-service hydraulic components (eg calcareous tubeworms and encrusting bryozoans) was significantly greater on the APS ceramic relative to HVOF coatings. Possible explanations for the observed patterns include differences in surface topography and roughness, the electrochemical potential of the surfaces and the colour/brightness of the coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Piola
- a Maritime Division , Defence Science and Technology , Melbourne , Australia
- d Defence Materials Technology Centre , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Andrew S M Ang
- b Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology , Swinburne University of Technology , Hawthorn , Australia
- d Defence Materials Technology Centre , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Matthew Leigh
- c MacTaggart Scott Australia , Adelaide , Australia
- d Defence Materials Technology Centre , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Scott A Wade
- b Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology , Swinburne University of Technology , Hawthorn , Australia
- d Defence Materials Technology Centre , Melbourne , Australia
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14
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Nolte KA, Koc J, Barros JM, Hunsucker K, Schultz MP, Swain GW, Rosenhahn A. Dynamic field testing of coating chemistry candidates by a rotating disk system. BIOFOULING 2018; 34:398-409. [PMID: 29734815 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2018.1459578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Quick and reliable testing is crucial for the development of new fouling release (FR) coatings. Exposure of these coatings to natural multispecies communities is essential in evaluating their efficacy. To this end, we present a rotating disk setup for dynamic field exposure. To achieve a well-defined flow on the surface of the disk, an easy to use sample mounting system was developed that provides a smooth and even surface. We related the angular velocity of the disk to the wall shear stress on the surface with a hydrodynamic model. The wall shear stress was adjusted to values previously found to be suitable to discriminate dynamic diatom attachment on different coating chemistries in the lab. The effect of the dynamic conditions was shown by comparing polystyrene slides under static and dynamic exposure. Using a set of self-assembled monolayers, the discrimination potential of the assay in a multispecies environment was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim A Nolte
- a Analytical Chemistry-Biointerfaces , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Julian Koc
- a Analytical Chemistry-Biointerfaces , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - J M Barros
- b Naval Architecture & Ocean Engineering , United States Naval Academy , Annapolis , MD , USA
| | - Kelli Hunsucker
- c Center for Corrosion and Biofouling Control , Florida Institute of Technology , Melbourne , FL , USA
| | - Michael P Schultz
- b Naval Architecture & Ocean Engineering , United States Naval Academy , Annapolis , MD , USA
| | - G W Swain
- c Center for Corrosion and Biofouling Control , Florida Institute of Technology , Melbourne , FL , USA
| | - Axel Rosenhahn
- a Analytical Chemistry-Biointerfaces , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Bochum , Germany
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15
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Winfield MO, Downer A, Longyear J, Dale M, Barker GLA. Comparative study of biofilm formation on biocidal antifouling and fouling-release coatings using next-generation DNA sequencing. BIOFOULING 2018; 34:464-477. [PMID: 29745769 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2018.1464152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The bacterial and eukaryotic communities forming biofilms on six different antifouling coatings, three biocidal and three fouling-release, on boards statically submerged in a marine environment were studied using next-generation sequencing. Sequenced amplicons of bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA and eukaryotic ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer were assigned taxonomy by comparison to reference databases and relative abundances were calculated. Differences in species composition, bacterial and eukaryotic, and relative abundance were observed between the biofilms on the various coatings; the main difference was between coating type, biocidal compared to fouling-release. Species composition and relative abundance also changed through time. Thus, it was possible to group replicate samples by coating and time point, indicating that there are fundamental and reproducible differences in biofilms assemblages. The routine use of next-generation sequencing to assess biofilm formation will allow evaluation of the efficacy of various commercial coatings and the identification of targets for novel formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adrian Downer
- b School of Biological Sciences , AkzoNobel/International Paint Ltd , Gateshead , UK
| | - Jennifer Longyear
- b School of Biological Sciences , AkzoNobel/International Paint Ltd , Gateshead , UK
| | - Marie Dale
- b School of Biological Sciences , AkzoNobel/International Paint Ltd , Gateshead , UK
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16
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A multi-step approach for testing non-toxic amphiphilic antifouling coatings against marine microfouling at different levels of biological complexity. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 146:104-114. [PMID: 29438719 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Marine biofouling on artificial surfaces such as ship hulls or fish farming nets causes enormous economic damage. The time for the developmental process of antifouling coatings can be shortened by reliable laboratory assays. For designing such test systems, it is important that toxic effects can be excluded, that multiple parameters can be addressed simultaneously and that mechanistic aspects can be included. In this study, a multi-step approach for testing antifouling coatings was established employing photoautotrophic biofilm formation of marine microorganisms in micro- and mesoscoms. Degree and pattern of biofilm formation was determined by quantification of chlorophyll fluorescence. For the microcosms, co-cultures of diatoms and a heterotrophic bacterium were exposed to fouling-release coatings. For the mesocosms, a novel device was developed that permits parallel quantification of a multitude of coatings under defined conditions with varying degrees of shear stress. Additionally, the antifouling coatings were tested for leaching of potential compounds and finally tested in sea trials. This multistep-approach revealed that the individual steps led to consistent results regarding antifouling activity of the coatings. Furthermore, the novel mesocosm system can be employed for advanced antifouling analysis including metagenomic approaches for determination of microbial diversity attaching to different coatings under changing shear forces.
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17
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Menesses M, Belden J, Dickenson N, Bird J. Measuring a critical stress for continuous prevention of marine biofouling accumulation with aeration. BIOFOULING 2017; 33:703-711. [PMID: 28868927 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2017.1359574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
When cleaning the hull of a ship, significant shear stresses are needed to remove established biofouling organisms. Given that there exists a link between the amount of time that fouling accumulates and the stress required to remove it, it is not surprising that more frequent grooming requires less shear stress. Yet, it is unclear if there is a minimum stress needed to prevent the growth of macrofouling in the limit of continuous grooming. This manuscript shows that single bubble stream aeration provides continuous grooming and prevents biofouling accumulation in regions where the average wall stress exceeds ~0.01 Pa. This value was found by comparing observations of biofouling growth from field studies with complementary laboratory measurements that probe the associated flow fields. These results suggest that aeration and other continuous grooming systems must exceed a wall stress of 0.01 Pa to prevent macrofouling accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Menesses
- a Department of Mechanical Engineering , Boston University , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Jesse Belden
- b Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Newport , Newport , RI , USA
| | - Natasha Dickenson
- b Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Newport , Newport , RI , USA
| | - James Bird
- a Department of Mechanical Engineering , Boston University , Boston , MA , USA
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