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Khalifa HA, Sharawy E, Younis EM, Abdelwarith AA, Ibrahim RE, Amer SA, Davies SJ, Abo-Elmaaty AMA. The therapeutic role of Azadirachta indica leaves ethanolic extract against detrimental effects of Aeromonas veronii infection in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:1445-1460. [PMID: 38795269 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01349-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens cause high fish mortalities and in turn economic losses in fish farms. Innovative strategies should be applied to control bacterial infections instead of antibiotics to avoid the resistance problem. Consequently, the present investigation studied the curative potential of Azadirachta indica leave ethanolic extract (AILEE) on Aeromonas veronii infection in Oreochromis niloticus. A preliminary trial was assessed to evaluate the curative dose of AILEE which was found to be 2.5 mg/L. One hundred and sixty fish were divided into equal four groups in four replications, where group 1 and group 2 were non-challenged and treated with 0- and 2.5-mg/L AILEE, respectively. Group 3 and group 4 were challenged with A. veronii and treated with 0- and 2.5-mg/L AILEE, respectively for 10 days. A. veronii infection produced severe clinical manifestations and a high mortality rate in the infected fish. Furthermore, the infected fish exhibited a significant rise in the hepatorenal indices (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and creatinine), the oxidant biomarker (malondialdehyde), and the stress indicators (glucose and cortisol). A significant reduction in the protein profile and antioxidant/immune parameters (catalase, immunoglobulin M, lysozyme, nitric oxide, and phagocytic activity) was observed in the infected fish. Water application of the infected group to 2.5-mg/L AILEE notably ameliorated the hepatorenal indices, the oxidant biomarker, and the stress indicators. Furthermore, AILEE improved the antioxidant/immune indices. Water application of 2.5-mg/L AILEE could be useful against A. veronii infection in O. niloticus culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham A Khalifa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Esraa Sharawy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Elsayed M Younis
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelwahab A Abdelwarith
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rowida E Ibrahim
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt.
| | - Shimaa A Amer
- Departments of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Simon J Davies
- Aquaculture Nutrition Research Unit ANRU, College of Science and Engineering, Carna Research Station, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, H91V8Y1, Ireland
| | - Azza M A Abo-Elmaaty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
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Kang Q, He L, Zhang Y, Zhong Z, Tan W. Immune-inflammatory modulation by natural products derived from edible and medicinal herbs used in Chinese classical prescriptions. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155684. [PMID: 38788391 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Edible and medicinal herbs1 (EMHs) refer to a class of substances with dual attribution of food and medicine. These substances are traditionally used as food and also listed in many international pharmacopoeias, including the European Pharmacopoeia, the United States Pharmacopoeia, and the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Some classical formulas that are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine include a series of EMHs, which have been shown to be effective with obvious characteristics and advantages. Notably, these EMHs and Chinese classical prescriptions2 (CCPs) have also attracted attention in international herbal medicine research because of their low toxicity and high efficiency as well as the rich body of experience for their long-term clinical use. PURPOSE Our purpose is to explore the potential therapeutic effect of EMHs with immune-inflammatory modulation for the study of modern cancer drugs. STUDY DESIGN In the present study, we present a detailed account of some EMHs used in CCPs that have shown considerable research potential in studies exploring modern drugs with immune-inflammatory modulation. METHODS Approximately 500 publications in the past 30 years were collected from PubMed, Web of Science and ScienceDirect using the keywords, such as natural products, edible and medicinal herbs, Chinese medicine, classical prescription, immune-inflammatory, tumor microenvironment and some related synonyms. The active ingredients instead of herbal extracts or botanical mixtures were focused on and the research conducted over the past decade were discussed emphatically and analyzed comprehensively. RESULTS More than ten natural products derived from EMHs used in CCPs are discussed and their immune-inflammatory modulation activities, including enhancing antitumor immunity, regulating inflammatory signaling pathways, lowering the proportion of immunosuppressive cells, inhibiting the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, immunosuppressive factors, and inflammatory mediators, are summarized. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate the immune-inflammatory modulating role of those EMHs used in CCPs and provide new ideas for cancer treatment in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianming Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Luying He
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China.
| | - Wen Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Mohammad Ali FJ, Zare F, Sakhteman A, Bahadori S, Seradj H, Emami L. Molecular docking studies, DFT, and ADMET calculations of some flavonoids and their characteristic structural features involved in inhibition of pro-inflammatory enzymes. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39049514 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2368748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation is an immune system response triggered by pathogens, damaged cells, or stimuli. Some regulatory enzymes, such as phosphodiesterase, hyaluronidase, collagenase, and lipoxygenase, play an essential role in the inflammatory process. Polyphenolic compounds, such as flavonoids, are active suppressors of inflammatory cytokines, modulators of transcription factors, and inflammation-related pathways. A set of flavonoid structures was screened and docked against inflammation pathway enzymes. Amentoflavone has been shown to cause interactions with phosphodiesterase enzymes, while Bilobetin and Silibinin demonstrated an increase in binding energy with collagenase enzymes. The retrieved compounds from the docking study were subjected to DFT theory. The results showed that the LUMO orbital is located on the flavonoid part. The thermochemical parameters indicated that Silibinin is more stable than other compounds. The ADMET profile predicted that Silibinin can be used orally among the compounds. Silibinin can be introduced as a promising anti-inflammatory agent demonstrating phosphodiesterase and collagenase inhibitory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fateme Zare
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sakhteman
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Shahrzad Bahadori
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hassan Seradj
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Leila Emami
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Wang H, Jian L, Wang Z, Jiao Y, Wang Y, Ma F, Li P. Glycosylation mode of phloretin affects the morphology and stress resistance of apple plant. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 38995178 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Phloretin has different glycosylation modes in plants. Phlorizin (phloretin 2'-O-glucoside) is one of the glycosylation products of phloretin, and accumulates abundantly in apple plants. However, it is still unclear whether phlorizin is more beneficial for apple plants compared with other glycosylation products of phloretin. We created transgenic apple plants with different glycosylation modes of phloretin. In transgenic plants, the accumulation of phlorizin was partly replaced by that of trilobatin (phloretin 4'-O-glucoside) or phloretin 3',5'-di-C-glycoside. Compared with wild type, transgenic plants with less phlorizin showed dwarf phenotype, larger stomatal size, higher stomatal density and less tolerance to drought stress. Transcriptome and phytohormones assay indicate that phlorizin might regulate stomatal development and behaviour via controlling auxin and abscisic acid signalling pathways as well as carbonic anhydrase expressions. Transgenic apple plants with less phlorizin also showed less resistance to spider mites. Apple plants may hydrolyse phlorizin to produce phloretin, but cannot hydrolyse trilobatin or phloretin 3',5'-di-C-glycoside. Compared with its glycosylation products, phloretin is more toxic to spider mites. These results suggest that the glycosylation of phloretin to produce phlorizin is the optimal glycosylation mode in apple plants, and plays an important role in apple resistance to stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liru Jian
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Jiao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuzhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengmin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Li W, Deng Z, Xiao S, Du Q, Zhang M, Song H, Zhao C, Zheng L. Protective effect of vitexin against high fat-induced vascular endothelial inflammation through inhibiting trimethylamine N-oxide-mediated RNA m6A modification. Food Funct 2024; 15:6988-7002. [PMID: 38855818 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04743a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
A high-fat diet (HFD) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the specific effects of a HFD on vascular inflammation and the protective role of vitexin, a bioactive compound derived from food, require further research. This study investigated the protective effects of vitexin intervention against HFD-induced vascular inflammation and its underlying mechanism. The results demonstrated that vitexin intervention significantly reduced body weight, serum total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in HFD-fed mice. Vitexin also improved vascular pathological changes and the inflammatory status in the mice. Furthermore, vitexin intervention reduced serum TMAO levels in HFD-fed mice by altering the gut microbiota composition. The HFD significantly increased N6-methyladenosine (m6A) levels in aorta tissues, while vitexin intervention reversed this abnormal m6A level. Through metabolite affinity responsive target fluorescence quenching and molecular docking assays, it was found that vitexin could directly bind to fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), potentially promoting m6A demethylation. The dose-response relationship between TMAO and inflammation/m6A was further validated in HUVEC cells and in vivo mouse experiments. Specifically, TMAO increased m6A levels and inflammation, while vitexin inhibited TMAO-mediated m6A modification, exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the protective role of vitexin against HFD-induced vascular inflammation by inhibiting TMAO-mediated RNA m6A modification, laying the foundation for the development of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Zeyuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
- International Institute of Food Innovation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330051, Jiangxi, China
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Nanchang, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shuang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Qian Du
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Mengru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Hailing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Caidong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Liufeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
- International Institute of Food Innovation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330051, Jiangxi, China
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Kim H, Mi HTN, Ahn JH, Lee JS, Eser BE, Choi J, Han J. Glycoside-metabolizing oxidoreductase D3dgpA from human gut bacterium. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1413854. [PMID: 39007053 PMCID: PMC11239390 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1413854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The Gfo/Idh/MocA family enzyme DgpA was known to catalyze the regiospecific oxidation of puerarin to 3"-oxo-puerarin in the presence of 3-oxo-glucose. Here, we discovered that D3dgpA, dgpA cloned from the human gut bacterium Dorea sp. MRG-IFC3, catalyzed the regiospecific oxidation of various C-/O-glycosides, including puerarin, in the presence of methyl β-D-3-oxo-glucopyranoside. While C-glycosides were converted to 3"- and 2"-oxo-products by D3dgpA, O-glycosides resulted in the formation of aglycones and hexose enediolone from the 3"-oxo-products. From DFT calculations, it was found that isomerization of 3"-oxo-puerarin to 2"-oxo-puerarin required a small activation energy of 9.86 kcal/mol, and the O-glycosidic bond cleavage of 3"-oxo-products was also thermodynamically favored with a small activation energy of 3.49 kcal/mol. In addition, the reaction mechanism of D3dgpA was discussed in comparison to those of Gfo/Idh/MocA and GMC family enzymes. The robust reactivity of D3dgpA was proposed as a new general route for derivatization of glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heji Kim
- Metalloenzyme Research Group and Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Huynh Thi Ngoc Mi
- Metalloenzyme Research Group and Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Hoon Ahn
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Suk Lee
- Bio Industry Department, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator (GBSA), Suwon, Gyeonngi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Bekir Engin Eser
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jongkeun Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungwoon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehong Han
- Metalloenzyme Research Group and Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
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Du T, Wang Y, Xie H, Liang D, Gao S. Fragmentation Patterns of Phenolic C-Glycosides in Mass Spectrometry Analysis. Molecules 2024; 29:2953. [PMID: 38998905 PMCID: PMC11243344 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29132953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many phenolic C-glycosides possess nutritional benefits and pharmacological efficacies. However, the MS/MS fragmentation pattern of phenolic C-glycosides analysis is understudied. This paper aims to determine the MS/MS fragmentation patterns of phenolic C-glycosides. METHOD Ten compounds with different sugar moieties, aglycones, and substitutes were analyzed to determine the impact of these structural features on MS/MS fragmentation using UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis. RESULTS The results showed that water loss followed by RDA reaction and alpha cleavage in the C-C bonded sugar moieties are the major fragmentation pathways. Additionally, the sugar cleavage was not affected by the skeleton and the substitute of the aglycones. These results suggested that the fragmentation patterns of phenolic C-glycosides differ from those in the O-glycosides, where the O-C glycosidic bond is the most cleavage-liable bond in MS/MS analysis. CONCLUSIONS These MS/MS fragmentation patterns can be used for the identification of C-glycosides from dietary components and herbal medicine as well as developing robust methods using MRM methods to quantify C-glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Huan Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Dong Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX 77004, USA
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Bouyahya A, Balahbib A, Khalid A, Makeen HA, Alhazmi HA, Albratty M, Hermansyah A, Ming LC, Goh KW, El Omari N. Clinical applications and mechanism insights of natural flavonoids against type 2 diabetes mellitus. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29718. [PMID: 38694079 PMCID: PMC11061711 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a complex disease that affects a large percentage of the world's population, and it is associated with several risk factors. Self-management poses a significant challenge, but natural sources have shown great potential in providing effective glucose reducing solutions. Flavonoids, a class of bioactive substances found in different natural sources including medicinal plants, have emerged as promising candidates in this regard. Indeed, several flavonoids, including apigenin, arbutin, catechins, and cyanidin, have demonstrated remarkable anti-diabetic properties. The clinical effectiveness of these flavonoids is linked to their potential to decrease blood glucose concentration and increase insulin concentration. Thus, the regulation of certain metabolic pathways such as glycolysis and neoglycogenesis has also been demonstrated. In vitro and in vivo investigations revealed different mechanisms of action related to flavonoid compounds at subcellular, cellular, and molecular levels. The main actions reside in the activation of glycolytic signaling pathways and the inhibition of signaling that promotes glucose synthesis and storage. In this review, we highlight the clinical efficiency of natural flavonoids as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying this effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, 60115 Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Abdelaali Balahbib
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Errachidia, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box: 2424, Khartoum-11111, Sudan
| | - Hafiz A. Makeen
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A. Alhazmi
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Postal Code 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Albratty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Postal Code 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andi Hermansyah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, 60115 Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, 60115 Surabaya, Indonesia
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Tetouan, Tetouan, Morocco
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Furlanetto V, Kalyani DC, Kostelac A, Puc J, Haltrich D, Hällberg BM, Divne C. Structural and Functional Characterization of a Gene Cluster Responsible for Deglycosylation of C-glucosyl Flavonoids and Xanthonoids by Deinococcus aerius. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168547. [PMID: 38508304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2024.168547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Plant C-glycosylated aromatic polyketides are important for plant and animal health. These are specialized metabolites that perform functions both within the plant, and in interaction with soil or intestinal microbes. Despite the importance of these plant compounds, there is still limited knowledge of how they are metabolized. The Gram-positive aerobic soil bacterium Deinococcus aerius strain TR0125 and other Deinococcus species thrive in a wide range of harsh environments. In this work, we identified a C-glycoside deglycosylation gene cluster in the genome of D. aerius. The cluster includes three genes coding for a GMC-type oxidoreductase (DaCGO1) that oxidizes the glucosyl C3 position in aromatic C-glucosyl compounds, which in turn provides the substrate for the C-glycoside deglycosidase (DaCGD; composed of α+β subunits) that cleaves the glucosyl-aglycone C-C bond. Our results from size-exclusion chromatography, single particle cryo-electron microscopy and X-ray crystallography show that DaCGD is an α2β2 heterotetramer, which represents a novel oligomeric state among bacterial CGDs. Importantly, the high-resolution X-ray structure of DaCGD provides valuable insights into the activation of the catalytic hydroxide ion by Lys261. DaCGO1 is specific for the 6-C-glucosyl flavones isovitexin, isoorientin and the 2-C-glucosyl xanthonoid mangiferin, and the subsequent C-C-bond cleavage by DaCGD generated apigenin, luteolin and norathyriol, respectively. Of the substrates tested, isovitexin was the preferred substrate (DaCGO1, Km 0.047 mM, kcat 51 min-1; DaCGO1/DaCGD, Km 0.083 mM, kcat 0.42 min-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Furlanetto
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dayanand C Kalyani
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anja Kostelac
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria; Doctoral Programme BioToP-Biomolecular Technology of Proteins, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jolanta Puc
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietmar Haltrich
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - B Martin Hällberg
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Divne
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Sharma MK, Tiwari B, Hussain N. Pd-catalyzed stereoselective synthesis of chromone C-glycosides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4838-4841. [PMID: 38619439 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00486h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we present an efficient Pd-catalysed method for stereoselective synthesis of chromone C-glycosides from various glycals. We successfully applied this method to various glycals with different protecting groups, yielding the corresponding glycosides in 41-78% yields. Additionally, we investigated the potential of this approach for the late-stage modification of natural products and pharmaceutical compounds linked to glycals, leading to the synthesis of their respective glycosides. Furthermore, we extended our research to gram-scale synthesis and demonstrated its applicability in producing various valuable products, including 2-deoxy-chromone C-glycosides. In summary, our work introduces a novel library of chromone glycosides, which holds promise for advancing drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Sharma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Bindu Tiwari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Nazar Hussain
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
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Chen D, Song Z, Han J, Liu J, Liu H, Dai J. Targeted Discovery of Glycosylated Natural Products by Tailoring Enzyme-Guided Genome Mining and MS-Based Metabolome Analysis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9614-9622. [PMID: 38545685 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Glycosides make up a biomedically important class of secondary metabolites. Most naturally occurring glycosides were isolated from plants and bacteria; however, the chemical diversity of glycosylated natural products in fungi remains largely unexplored. Herein, we present a paradigm to specifically discover diverse and bioactive glycosylated natural products from fungi by combining tailoring enzyme-guided genome mining with mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolome analysis. Through in vivo genes deletion and heterologous expression, the first fungal C-glycosyltransferase AuCGT involved in the biosynthesis of stromemycin was identified from Aspergillus ustus. Subsequent homology-based genome mining for fungal glycosyltransferases by using AuCGT as a probe revealed a variety of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) containing its homologues in diverse fungi, of which the glycoside-producing capability was corroborated by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis. Consequently, 28 fungal aromatic polyketide C/O-glycosides, including 20 new compounds, were efficiently discovered and isolated from the three selected fungi. Moreover, several novel fungal C/O-glycosyltransferases, especially three novel α-pyrone C-glycosyltransferases, were functionally characterized and verified in the biosynthesis of these glycosides. In addition, a proof of principle for combinatorial biosynthesis was applied to design the production of unnatural glycosides in Aspergillus nidulans. Notably, the newly discovered glycosides exhibited significant antiviral, antibacterial, and antidiabetic activities. Our work demonstrates the promise of tailoring enzyme-guided genome-mining approach for the targeted discovery of fungal glycosides and promotes the exploration of a broader chemical space for natural products with a target structural motif in microbial genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, CAMS Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Biocatalysis of Natural Drugs and NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhijun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, CAMS Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Biocatalysis of Natural Drugs and NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Junjie Han
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jimei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, CAMS Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Biocatalysis of Natural Drugs and NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jungui Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, CAMS Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Biocatalysis of Natural Drugs and NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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12
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Xing J, Tan R, Huang F, Tian N. Integrated analyses for identification of a three-gene signature associated with Chaihu Shugan San formula for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18211. [PMID: 38613352 PMCID: PMC11015397 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Chaihu Shugan San (CSS) is a well-known traditional herbal formula that has the potential to ameliorate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, its mechanism of action remains unknown. Here, we identified the key targets of CSS against HCC and developed a prognostic model to predict the survival of patients with HCC. The effect of CSS plus sorafenib on HCC cell proliferation was evaluated using the MTT assay. LASSO-Cox regression was used to establish a three-gene signature model targeting CSS. Correlations between immune cells, immune checkpoints and risk score were determined to evaluate the immune-related effects of CSS. The interactions between the components and targets were validated using molecular docking and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) assays. CSS and sorafenib synergistically inhibited HCC cell proliferation. Ten core compounds and 224 targets were identified using a drug compound-target network. The prognostic model of the three CSS targets (AKT1, MAPK3 and CASP3) showed predictive ability. Risk scores positively correlated with cancer-promoting immune cells and high expression of immune checkpoint proteins. Molecular docking and SPR analyses confirmed the strong binding affinities of the active components and the target genes. Western blot analysis confirmed the synergistic effect of CSS and sorafenib in inhibiting the expression of these three targets. In conclusion, CSS may regulate the activity of immune-related factors in the tumour microenvironment, reverse immune escape, enhance immune responses through AKT1, MAPK3, and CASP3, and synergistically alleviate HCC. The co-administration of sorafenib with CSS has a strong clinical outlook against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐heng Xing
- College of Life ScienceZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityZhejiangHangzhouChina
| | - Ru‐xue Tan
- College of Life ScienceZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityZhejiangHangzhouChina
| | - Fei‐er Huang
- College of Life ScienceZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityZhejiangHangzhouChina
| | - Nan Tian
- College of Life ScienceZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityZhejiangHangzhouChina
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13
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Altunayar-Unsalan C, Unsalan O. Molecular Structure, Antioxidant Potential, and Pharmacokinetic Properties of Plant Flavonoid Blumeatin and Investigating Its Inhibition Mechanism on Xanthine Oxidase for Hyperuricemia by Molecular Modeling. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:13284-13297. [PMID: 38524493 PMCID: PMC10956095 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia, which usually results in metabolic syndrome symptoms, is increasing rapidly all over the world and becoming a global public health issue. Xanthine oxidase (XO) is regarded as a key drug target for the treatment of this disease. Therefore, finding natural, nontoxic, and highly active XO inhibitors is quite important. To get insights into inhibitory potential toward XO and determine antioxidant action mechanism depending on the molecular structure, plant flavonoid blumeatin was investigated for the first time by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, density functional theory (DFT), ADME/Tox (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) analysis, and molecular docking study. Theoretical findings indicated that blumeatin has high radical scavenging activity due to its noncoplanarity and over twisted torsion angle (-94.64°) with respect to its flavanone skeleton could explain that there might be a correlation between antioxidant activity and planarity of blumeatin. Based on the ADME/Tox analysis, it is determined that blumeatin has a high absorption profile in the human intestine (81.93%), and this plant flavonoid is not carcinogenic or mutagenic. A molecular docking study showed that Thr1010, Val1011, Phe914, and Ala1078 are the main amino acid residues participating in XO's interaction with blumeatin via hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cisem Altunayar-Unsalan
- Graduate
School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
- Central
Research Testing and Analysis Laboratory Research and Application
Center, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozan Unsalan
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
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14
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Erick NO, Montserrat EGA, Antonio EPE, Rocío SP, Eduardo LU, Verónica GC, Miriam RS, Imelda JA, Del Carmen BFJ, Cruz RCJ, Tzasna HDC, María GBA, Guillermo AAJ. Photoprotective effect of topical treatment with Lopezia racemosa extract against deleterious UVB irradiation effects in the skin of hairless mice. Photochem Photobiol 2024. [PMID: 38445720 DOI: 10.1111/php.13926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Lopezia racemosa is known as a "mosquito flower or perlilla." It is commonly found in corn crops. In traditional Mexican medicine, this plant is used to treat stomach cancer and urinary tract infections. Likewise, compounds and extracts isolated from plants have shown cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the photochemoprotective effect of topical treatment with the methanolic extract of L. racemosa (MELR) as a photochemoprotective agent against the harmful effects of UV irradiation (UVR) on a bacterial model and hairless mice. The MELR components were separated and analyzed via HPLC-UV-ESI-MS. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by the ability of MERL to scavenge DPPH and ABTS free radicals and by its FRAP capacity. The toxicity of MELR was evaluated in keratinocyte cultures. The photoprotective capacity of MELR was assessed through challenge experiments using models with bacteria and hairless CD1 et/et mice; cytokines related to the damage caused by UVR were also measured. In the methanolic extract of L. racemosa, five metabolites were detected and identified: two isomers of quercetin 6-C glycoside, orientin, quercetin 3-(6″-acetylglycoside) and quercetin 3-(6″-galloylglycoside) 7-(2,3-dihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl acetate). MELR exhibited DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging properties, in addition to Fe ion reducing activity. MELR showed a photoprotective effect against UVB radiation-induced death in Escherichia coli bacteria. At the histological level, topical treatment of CD-1 et/et mice with MERL reduced the damage caused by UVR. Quantification of interleukins in the blood of mice revealed that the expression of IL-12 was greater in the control group treated with ultraviolet radiation than in the group protected with MELR. The methanolic extract of L. racemosa has photochemoprotective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolasco Ontiveros Erick
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Estudios de Posgrado, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - Estrella Parra Edgar Antonio
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Serrano Parrales Rocío
- Laboratorio de Bioactividad de Productos Naturales, UBIPRO, Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES)-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Tlalnepantla de Baz, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - López Urrutia Eduardo
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional del Cáncer, UBIMED, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - García Castillo Verónica
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional del Cáncer, UBIMED, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Rodríguez-Sosa Miriam
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad Innata, UBIMED, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Juárez-Avelar Imelda
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad Innata, UBIMED, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Benítez Flores José Del Carmen
- Laboratorio de Histología, UMF, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Rivera Cabrera José Cruz
- Laboratorio de Cromatografía de Líquidos, Departamento de Farmacología, Escuela Militar de Medicina, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Hernández Delgado Claudia Tzasna
- Laboratorio de Bioactividad de Productos Naturales, UBIPRO, Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES)-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Tlalnepantla de Baz, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - García Bores Ana María
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Avila Acevedo José Guillermo
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
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15
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Bermúdez-Bazán M, Estarrón-Espinosa M, Castillo-Herrera GA, Escobedo-Reyes A, Urias-Silvas JE, Lugo-Cervantes E, Gschaedler-Mathis A. Agave angustifolia Haw. Leaves as a Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds: Extraction Optimization and Extract Characterization. Molecules 2024; 29:1137. [PMID: 38474649 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The leaves of Agave angustifolia Haw. are the main agro-waste generated by the mezcal industry and are becoming an important source of bioactive compounds, such as phenolic compounds, that could be used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Therefore, the extraction and identification of these phytochemicals would revalorize these leaf by-products. Herein, maceration and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) extractions were optimized to maximize the phenolic and flavonoid contents and the antioxidant capacity of vegetal extracts of A. angustifolia Haw. In the maceration process, the optimal extraction condition was a water-ethanol mixture (63:37% v/v), which yielded a total phenolic and flavonoid content of 27.92 ± 0.90 mg EAG/g DL and 12.85 ± 0.53 µg QE/g DL, respectively, and an antioxidant capacity of 32.67 ± 0.91 (ABTS assay), 17.30 ± 0.36 (DPPH assay), and 13.92 ± 0.78 (FRAP assay) µM TE/g DL. Using supercritical extraction, the optimal conditions for polyphenol recovery were 60 °C, 320 bar, and 10% v/v. It was also observed that lower proportions of cosolvent decreased the polyphenol extraction more than pressure and temperature. In both optimized extracts, a total of 29 glycosylated flavonoid derivatives were identified using LC-ESI-QTof/MS. In addition, another eight novel compounds were identified in the supercritical extracts, showing the efficiency of the cosolvent for recovering new flavonoid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misael Bermúdez-Bazán
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Tecnología Alimentaria, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Mirna Estarrón-Espinosa
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Tecnología Alimentaria, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Adolfo Castillo-Herrera
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Tecnología Alimentaria, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Antonio Escobedo-Reyes
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Servicios Analíticos y Metrológicos, Av. Normalistas No. 800, Guadalajara 44270, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Judith Esmeralda Urias-Silvas
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Tecnología Alimentaria, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Eugenia Lugo-Cervantes
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Tecnología Alimentaria, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Anne Gschaedler-Mathis
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Biotecnología Industrial, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico
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16
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Cheng Z, Han T, Yao J, Wang K, Dong X, Yu F, Huang H, Han M, Liao Q, He S, Lyu W, Li Q. Targeting glycogen synthase kinase-3β for Alzheimer's disease: Recent advances and future Prospects. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116065. [PMID: 38160617 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Senile plaques induced by β-amyloid (Aβ) abnormal aggregation and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) caused by tau hyperphosphorylation are important pathological manifestations of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a conserved kinase; one member GSK-3β is highly expressed in the AD brain and involved in the formation of NFT. Hence, pharmacologically inhibiting GSK-3β activity and expression is a good approach to treat AD. As summarized in this article, multiple GSK-3β inhibitors has been comprehensively summarized over recent five years. However, only lithium carbonate and Tideglusib have been studied in clinical trials of AD. Besides ATP-competitive and non-ATP-competitive inhibitors, peptide inhibitors, allosteric inhibitors and other types of inhibitors have gradually attracted more interest. Moreover, considering the close relationship between GSK-3β and other targets involved in cholinergic hypothesis, Aβ aggregation hypothesis, tau hyperphosphorylation hypothesis, oxidative stress hypothesis, neuro-inflammation hypothesis, etc., diverse multifunctional molecules and multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) have also been disclosed. We hope that these recent advances and critical perspectives will facilitate the discovery of safe and effective GSK-3β inhibitors for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimeng Cheng
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyue Han
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingtong Yao
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixuan Wang
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Dong
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yu
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Menglin Han
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghong Liao
- Shandong Kangqiao Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266033, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu He
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Fatchiyah F, Safitri A, Palis CN, Sari DRT, Suyanto E, Fajriani S, Kurnianingsih N, Nugraha Y, Sitaresmi T, Kusbiantoro B, Ketudat-Cairns JR. Bioactive compound profile and their biological activities of endogenous black rice from Java and East Nusa Tenggara. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2023.2173306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatchiyah Fatchiyah
- Research Center of Smart Molecule of Natural Genetics Resource, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Anna Safitri
- Research Center of Smart Molecule of Natural Genetics Resource, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Christine Natalia Palis
- Research Center of Smart Molecule of Natural Genetics Resource, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Dewi Ratih Tirto Sari
- Research Center of Smart Molecule of Natural Genetics Resource, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Science, Ibrahimy University, Situbondo, Indonesia
| | - Eko Suyanto
- Research Center of Smart Molecule of Natural Genetics Resource, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
- Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Sisca Fajriani
- Research Center of Smart Molecule of Natural Genetics Resource, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
- Agricultural Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Nia Kurnianingsih
- Research Center of Smart Molecule of Natural Genetics Resource, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Yudhistira Nugraha
- Research Center for Food Crops, Research Organization Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Trias Sitaresmi
- Research Center for Food Crops, Research Organization Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Bram Kusbiantoro
- Research Center for Agroindustry, Research Organization Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - James Robert Ketudat-Cairns
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
- Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
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18
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Waliat S, Arshad MS, Hanif H, Ejaz A, Khalid W, Kauser S, Al-Farga A. A review on bioactive compounds in sprouts: extraction techniques, food application and health functionality. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2023.2176001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Waliat
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Hadia Hanif
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Afaf Ejaz
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Khalid
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Safura Kauser
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ammar Al-Farga
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
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19
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Khenifi ML, Serseg T, Migas P, Krauze-Baranowska M, Özdemir S, Bensouici C, Alghonaim MI, Al-Khafaji K, Alsalamah SA, Boudjeniba M, Yousfi M, Boufahja F, Bendif H, Mahdid M. HPLC-DAD-MS Characterization, Antioxidant Activity, α-amylase Inhibition, Molecular Docking, and ADMET of Flavonoids from Fenugreek Seeds. Molecules 2023; 28:7798. [PMID: 38067527 PMCID: PMC10708475 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) has a great beneficial health effect; it has been used in traditional medicine by many cultures. Likewise, the α-amylase inhibitors are potential compounds in the development of drugs for the treatment of diabetes. The beneficial health effects of fenugreek lead us to explore the chemical composition of the seeds and their antioxidant and α-amylase inhibition activities. The flavonoid extraction from fenugreek seeds was achieved with methanol through a Soxhlet apparatus. Then, the flavonoid glycosides were characterized using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis. The antioxidant capacity of fenugreek seed was measured using DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, and CUPRAC assays. Finally, the α-amylase inhibition activity was carried out using in vitro and in silico methods. The methanolic extract was found to contain high amounts of total phenolics (154.68 ± 1.50 μg GAE/mg E), flavonoids (37.69 ± 0.73 μg QE/mg E). The highest radical-scavenging ability was recorded for the methanolic extract against DPPH (IC50 = 556.6 ± 9.87 μg/mL), ABTS (IC50 = 593.62 ± 9.35 μg/mL). The ME had the best reducing power according to the CUPRAC (A 0.5 = 451.90 ± 9.07 μg/mL). The results indicate that the methanolic extracts of fenugreek seed best α-amylase inhibition activities IC50 = 653.52 ± 3.24 μg/mL. Twenty-seven flavonoids were detected, and all studied flavonoids selected have good affinity and stabilize very well in the pocket of α-amylase. The interactions between the studied flavonoids with α-amylase were investigated. The flavonoids from fenugreek seed present a good inhibitory effect against α-amylase, which is beneficial for the prevention of diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Lamine Khenifi
- Laboratoire d’Ethnobotanique et Substances Naturelles, Departement of Biology, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, B.P 92, Kouba 16308, Algeria; (M.L.K.); (M.B.); (H.B.); (M.M.)
- Laboratoire des Sciences Appliquées et Didactiques, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Laghouat, B.P 4033 la gare routière, Laghouat 03000, Algeria;
| | - Talia Serseg
- Laboratoire des Sciences Appliquées et Didactiques, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Laghouat, B.P 4033 la gare routière, Laghouat 03000, Algeria;
- Fundamental Sciences Laboratory, Amar Telidji University, Laghouat 03000, Algeria;
| | - Piotr Migas
- Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.M.); (M.K.-B.)
| | - Mirosława Krauze-Baranowska
- Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.M.); (M.K.-B.)
| | - Sadin Özdemir
- Food Processing Programme, Technical Science Vocational School Mersin University, Mersin TR-33343, Turkey;
| | - Chawki Bensouici
- Biotechnology Research Center (CRBT), Ali Mendjli New Town UV 03, B.P E73, Constantine 25016, Algeria;
| | - Mohammed I. Alghonaim
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia; (M.I.A.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Khattab Al-Khafaji
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Energy and Environmental Science, Al-Karkh University of Science, Baghdad 10081, Iraq;
| | - Sulaiman A. Alsalamah
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia; (M.I.A.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Messaoud Boudjeniba
- Laboratoire d’Ethnobotanique et Substances Naturelles, Departement of Biology, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, B.P 92, Kouba 16308, Algeria; (M.L.K.); (M.B.); (H.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Mohamed Yousfi
- Fundamental Sciences Laboratory, Amar Telidji University, Laghouat 03000, Algeria;
| | - Fehmi Boufahja
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia; (M.I.A.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Hamdi Bendif
- Laboratoire d’Ethnobotanique et Substances Naturelles, Departement of Biology, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, B.P 92, Kouba 16308, Algeria; (M.L.K.); (M.B.); (H.B.); (M.M.)
- Department of Natural and life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Msila, Msila 28000, Algeria
| | - Mohamed Mahdid
- Laboratoire d’Ethnobotanique et Substances Naturelles, Departement of Biology, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, B.P 92, Kouba 16308, Algeria; (M.L.K.); (M.B.); (H.B.); (M.M.)
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20
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Pirvu LC, Pintilie L, Albulescu A, Stefaniu A, Neagu G. Anti-Proliferative Potential of Cynaroside and Orientin-In Silico (DYRK2) and In Vitro (U87 and Caco-2) Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16555. [PMID: 38068880 PMCID: PMC10705913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Luteolin derivates are plant compounds with multiple benefits for human health. Stability to heat and acid hydrolysis and high resistance to (auto)oxidation are other arguments for the laden interest in luteolin derivates today. The present study was designed to compare the in silico and in vitro anti-proliferative potential of two luteolin derivates, luteolin-7-O-glucoside/cynaroside (7-Lut) and luteolin-8-C-glucoside/orientin (8-Lut). In silico investigations were carried out on the molecular target, namely, the human dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2) in association with its natural ligand, curcumin (PDB ID: 5ZTN), by CLC Drug Discovery Workbench v. 1.5.1. software and Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD) v. MVD 2019.7.0. software. In vitro studies were performed on two human tumor cell lines, glioblastoma (U87) and colon carcinoma (Caco-2), respectively. Altogether, docking studies have revealed 7-Lut and 8-Lut as effective inhibitors of DYRK2, even stronger than the native ligand curcumin; in vitro studies indicated the ability of both luteolin glucosides to inhibit the viability of both human tumor cell lines, up to 85% at 50 and 100 µg/mL, respectively; the most augmented cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects were obtained for U87 exposed to 7-Lut (IC50 = 26.34 µg/mL). The results support further studies on cynaroside and orientin to create drug formulas targeting glioblastoma and colon carcinoma in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Camelia Pirvu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnologies, National Institute of Chemical Pharmaceutical R&D—ICCF Bucharest, 112 Vitan, 031299 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Lucia Pintilie
- Department of Synthesis of Bioactive Substances and Pharmaceutical Technologies, National Institute of Chemical Pharmaceutical R&D—ICCF Bucharest, 112 Vitan, 031299 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adrian Albulescu
- Department of Pharmacology, National Institute of Chemical Pharmaceutical R&D—ICCF Bucharest, 112 Vitan, 031299 Bucharest, Romania;
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Molecular Virology Department, 285 Mihai Bravu, 030304 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Amalia Stefaniu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnologies, National Institute of Chemical Pharmaceutical R&D—ICCF Bucharest, 112 Vitan, 031299 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Georgeta Neagu
- Department of Pharmacology, National Institute of Chemical Pharmaceutical R&D—ICCF Bucharest, 112 Vitan, 031299 Bucharest, Romania;
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21
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Bitter J, Pfeiffer M, Borg AJE, Kuhlmann K, Pavkov-Keller T, Sánchez-Murcia PA, Nidetzky B. Enzymatic β-elimination in natural product O- and C-glycoside deglycosylation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7123. [PMID: 37932298 PMCID: PMC10628242 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42750-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological degradation of natural product glycosides involves, alongside hydrolysis, β-elimination for glycosidic bond cleavage. Here, we discover an O-glycoside β-eliminase (OGE) from Agrobacterium tumefaciens that converts the C3-oxidized O-β-D-glucoside of phloretin (a plant-derived flavonoid) into the aglycone and the 2-hydroxy-3-keto-glycal elimination product. While unrelated in sequence, OGE is structurally homologous to, and shows effectively the same Mn2+ active site as, the C-glycoside deglycosylating enzyme (CGE) from a human intestinal bacterium implicated in β-elimination of 3-keto C-β-D-glucosides. We show that CGE catalyzes β-elimination of 3-keto O- and C-β-D-glucosides while OGE is specific for the O-glycoside substrate. Substrate comparisons and mutagenesis for CGE uncover positioning of aglycone for protonic assistance by the enzyme as critically important for C-glycoside cleavage. Collectively, our study suggests convergent evolution of active site for β-elimination of 3-keto O-β-D-glucosides. C-Glycoside cleavage is a specialized feature of this active site which is elicited by substrate through finely tuned enzyme-aglycone interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Bitter
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Pfeiffer
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Annika J E Borg
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, A-8010, Graz, Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Krenngasse 37, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Kirill Kuhlmann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Humboldtstraße 50/III, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Tea Pavkov-Keller
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Humboldtstraße 50/III, A-8010, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, A-8010, Graz, Austria
- BioHealth Field of Excellence, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 50, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Pedro A Sánchez-Murcia
- Laboratory of Computer-Aided Molecular Design, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingstalstraße 6/III, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, A-8010, Graz, Austria.
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Krenngasse 37, A-8010, Graz, Austria.
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22
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Hegde A, Gupta S, Kumari P, Joshi R, Srivatsan V. Wild Edible Flowers of Western Himalayas: Nutritional Characterization, UHPLC-QTOF-IMS-Based Phytochemical Profiling, Antioxidant Properties, and In Vitro Bioaccessibility of Polyphenols. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:40212-40228. [PMID: 37929082 PMCID: PMC10620890 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Four edible flowers commonly consumed in the Western Himalayan region, namely, Bauhinia variegata (Kachnar), Tropaeolum majus (Nasturtium), Matricaria chamomilla (Chamomile), and Tagetes erecta (Marigold), were characterized for their nutritional and phytochemical composition. Through the UHPLC-QTOF-IMS-based metabolomics approach, 131 compounds were tentatively identified consisting of phenolic acids, flavonoid glycosides, terpenoids, amino acids, and fatty acid derivatives. Kaempferol and quercetin glycosides for Kachnar, apigenin glycosides and caffeoylquinic acid derivatives for Chamomile, patulin and quercetin derivatives for Marigold, cyanidin and delphinidin glycosides for Nasturtium were the predicted marker metabolites identified through non-targeted metabolomics. Kachnar and Chamomile scored best in terms of macronutrients and essential micronutrients, respectively. Nasturtium contained high concentrations of α-linolenic acid, anthocyanins, and lutein. Kachnar contained the highest total phenolic acids (63.36 ± 0.38 mg GAE g-1), while Marigold contained the highest total flavonoids (118.90 ± 1.30 mg QUE g-1). Marigolds possessed excellent free radical scavenging and metal chelation activities. Chamomile exhibited strong α-glucosidase inhibition activity, followed by Nasturtium. The in vitro gastrointestinal digestibility of flower extracts indicated that the bioaccessibility of phenolic acids was higher than that of flavonoids. Polyphenols from Nasturtium and Chamomile showed the highest bioaccessibility. The study is an attempt to characterize traditionally consumed edible flowers and promote their wider utilization in gastronomy and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athrinandan
S. Hegde
- Applied
Phycology and Food Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC)
Campus, Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Smriti Gupta
- Applied
Phycology and Food Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC)
Campus, Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Poonam Kumari
- Division
of Agrotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan
Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC)
Campus, Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Robin Joshi
- Applied
Phycology and Food Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC)
Campus, Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Vidyashankar Srivatsan
- Applied
Phycology and Food Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC)
Campus, Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
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23
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Bakry SM, Aboul Naser AF, El Negoumy SIM, Kassem MES, Meselhy MR, Abdel-Sattar E. Comparative LC-MS/MS-based molecular networking, DNA fingerprinting, and in vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of three Egyptian Ficus cultivars. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 235:115620. [PMID: 37557066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Ficus species (Moraceae) have been used for nutrition and traditional medicine, and plants from this family are phytochemically abundant and serve as a potential source of natural products. As a result of the inherent complexity of the plant metabolomes and the fact that these Ficus species chemical space has not yet been fully decoded, it is still difficult to characterize their phytochemistry. Therefore, this study, we suggest the use of the molecular networking to elucidate the chemical classes existing in leaves of three Ficus species (F. deltoidei Jack, F. drupacea Thunb and F. sycomorus L.) and highlight the importance of molecular networking in examining their chemotaxonomy . By using computational tools, 90 metabolites were annotated , including phenolic acids, flavonoids, furanocoumarins, fatty acids and terpenoids. Phenolic acids were detected as the main class present in the three studied species. Flavonoids-C-glycosides, flavonoids-O-glycosides and isoflavonoids were mainly present in F. drupacea and F. sycomorus, while furanocoumarins were proposed in F. sycomorus. Vomifoliol-based sesquiterpenes were proposed in F. deltoidei. The chemotaxonomic differentiation agreed with the DNA fingerprinting using SCOT and ISSR markers. F. deltoidei, in particular, had a divergent chemical fingerprint as well as a different genotype. Chemotype differentiation using chemical fingerprints, in conjunction with the proposed genetic markers, creates an effective identification tool for the quality control of the raw materials and products derived from those three Ficus species. As well, F. drupacea exploited the most potent inhibition of H. pylori with MIC of 7.81 µg/ mL compared with clarithromycin. Overall, molecular networking provides a promising approach for the exploration of the chemical space of plant metabolomes and the elucidation of chemotaxonomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherien M Bakry
- Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Asmaa F Aboul Naser
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Sabry I M El Negoumy
- Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Mona E S Kassem
- Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Meselhy R Meselhy
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Essam Abdel-Sattar
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
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24
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Zhang P, Zhang X, Zhu X, Hua Y. Chemical Constituents, Bioactivities, and Pharmacological Mechanisms of Dendrobium officinale: A Review of the Past Decade. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:14870-14889. [PMID: 37800982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Dendrobium officinale, a plant in the Orchidaceae family, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. Sweet and slightly cold in nature, it can invigorate the stomach, promote fluid production, nourish Yin, and dissipate heat. Over the past decade, more than 60 compounds have been derived from D. officinale, including flavonoids, bibenzyl, and phenanthrene. Various studies have explored the underlying pharmacological mechanisms of these compounds, which have shown antitumor, hypoglycemic, hypertensive, gastrointestinal-regulatory, visceral organ protection, antiaging, and neurorestorative effects. This paper presents a systematic review of the structural classification, biological activity, and pharmacological mechanisms of different chemical components obtained from D. officinale over the past decade. This review aims to provide a reference for future study and establish a foundation for clinical applications. Furthermore, this review identifies potential shortcomings in current research as well as potential directions and methodologies in future plant research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Xingyu Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Xingyi Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Yunfen Hua
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
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25
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Li P, Chen J, Guo CE, Li W, Gao Z. Lactobacillus co-fermentation of Cerasus humilis juice alters chemical properties, enhances antioxidant activity, and improves gut microbiota. Food Funct 2023; 14:8248-8260. [PMID: 37655677 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02583g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Fermentation with Lactobacillus has been shown to improve the nutritional value of juice. In this study, Cerasus humilis juice was fermented using two commercial probiotics, namely, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum. The total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), viable count, chemical properties, antioxidant activity after in vitro digestion, and alterations in the gut microbiota composition of the fermented juice were investigated. After fermentation, the TAOC increased from 107.66 U mL-1 to 126.72 U mL-1; viable count increased from 5.85 lg (CFU mL-1) to 8.17 lg (CFU mL-1); and the contents of total phenols, total flavonoids, proanthocyanins, four organic acids, and 29 amino acids had changed. Overall, 47 compounds were identified in the juice, 20 of which were enriched after fermentation. Furthermore, Lactobacillus co-fermentation improved the antioxidant properties of the juice after in vitro digestion and increased the abundance of probiotics to regulate the gut microbiota. These findings illustrate the potential use of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum in the co-fermentation of C. humilis juice to enhance its nutritional and functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Jiaji Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Chang-E Guo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Weidong Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiliang Gao
- Zhiliang Dute Jingluo Tcm Pte.Ltd., Block509 Bedok North Street 3 460509, Singapore
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26
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Yang F, Chen C, Ni D, Yang Y, Tian J, Li Y, Chen S, Ye X, Wang L. Effects of Fermentation on Bioactivity and the Composition of Polyphenols Contained in Polyphenol-Rich Foods: A Review. Foods 2023; 12:3315. [PMID: 37685247 PMCID: PMC10486714 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols, as common components with various functional activities in plants, have become a research hotspot. However, researchers have found that the bioavailability and bioactivity of plant polyphenols is generally low because they are usually in the form of tannins, anthocyanins and glycosides. Polyphenol-rich fermented foods (PFFs) are reported to have better bioavailability and bioactivity than polyphenol-rich foods, because polyphenols are used as substrates during food fermentation and are hydrolyzed into smaller phenolic compounds (such as quercetin, kaempferol, gallic acid, ellagic acid, etc.) with higher bioactivity and bioavailability by polyphenol-associated enzymes (PAEs, e.g., tannases, esterases, phenolic acid decarboxylases and glycosidases). Biotransformation pathways of different polyphenols by PAEs secreted by different microorganisms are different. Meanwhile, polyphenols could also promote the growth of beneficial bacteria during the fermentation process while inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, during the fermentation of PFFs, there must be an interactive relationship between polyphenols and microorganisms. The present study is an integration and analysis of the interaction mechanism between PFFs and microorganisms and is systematically elaborated. The present study will provide some new insights to explore the bioavailability and bioactivity of polyphenol-rich foods and greater exploitation of the availability of functional components (such as polyphenols) in plant-derived foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Moutai Group, Institute of Science and Technology, Zunyi 564501, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources Development, Kweichow Moutai Co., Ltd., Renhuai 564501, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Moutai Group, Institute of Science and Technology, Zunyi 564501, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources Development, Kweichow Moutai Co., Ltd., Renhuai 564501, China
| | - Derang Ni
- Moutai Group, Institute of Science and Technology, Zunyi 564501, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources Development, Kweichow Moutai Co., Ltd., Renhuai 564501, China
| | - Yubo Yang
- Moutai Group, Institute of Science and Technology, Zunyi 564501, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources Development, Kweichow Moutai Co., Ltd., Renhuai 564501, China
| | - Jinhu Tian
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University Zhongyuan Institute, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- The Rural Development Academy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuanyi Li
- Moutai Group, Institute of Science and Technology, Zunyi 564501, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources Development, Kweichow Moutai Co., Ltd., Renhuai 564501, China
| | - Shiguo Chen
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xingqian Ye
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University Zhongyuan Institute, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- The Rural Development Academy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li Wang
- Moutai Group, Institute of Science and Technology, Zunyi 564501, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources Development, Kweichow Moutai Co., Ltd., Renhuai 564501, China
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27
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Yang J, Cheng S, Yao L, Talifu A, Saimaiti R, Matnur Y, Zhang C, Chen Y, Zhou W, Abliz Z. Chemical profiling and quantitative analysis on the aqueous extract of Pimpinella anisum fruit by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2023; 37:e5661. [PMID: 37186388 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Anise fruit (Aniseed) has been used for many years as a traditional medicine in various countries throughout the world; however, the chemical material basis of Aniseed water extract (AWE) has not been examined in detail, limiting our understanding of its pharmacological mechanism and methods for practical quality control. A high-efficiency and high-sensitivity LC-triple time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis method using data processing method combined with product ion and neutral loss filtering for systematic screening and identification of the constituents of AWE was established. A quantitative method was established by using LC-MS/MS with multiple reaction monitoring for 10 min to determine the concentration of 17 representative constituents. A total of 89 compounds were discovered in AWE, of which 31 were confirmed by the reference standards, while 24 were found in Aniseed for the first time. The qualification analysis results showed that chlorogenic acids and luteolin derivatives were the major compounds. The linearity, sensitivity, precision, stability, repeatability, and accuracy of the method were verified, which demonstrated that the method could meet the requirements for quantification. This work contributes to a better understanding of the chemical material basis of Aniseed and assists in the development of effective analytical methods for natural medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shuohan Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Ainiwaer Talifu
- Hospital of Xinjiang Traditional Uyghur Medicine, Urumqi, China
| | | | - Yusup Matnur
- Hospital of Xinjiang Traditional Uyghur Medicine, Urumqi, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Zeper Abliz
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, China
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28
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Le Dang Q, Vu HD, Nguyen VM, Choi GJ, Hoa LTP, Dung DT, Van Kiem P, Nhiem NX, De Tran Q, Nguyen QC, Nghiem DT, Quang DN. Desmodinosides A-E: New Flavonoid C-glycosides from Desmodium heterocarpon var. stigosum with hepatoprotective and antifungal activity. Fitoterapia 2023; 169:105609. [PMID: 37453701 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Five new flavonoid C-glycosides named desmodinosides A-E (1-5) and one known compound, apigenin 6-C-β-d-xylopyranosyl-2''-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6) have been isolated from the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Desmodium heterocarpon var. stigosum. These compounds were determined by 1D and 2D-NMR and HR-MS spectroscopies. The methanol extract of this plant, in particular, demonstrated hepatoprotection and antifungal inhibition. This extract has a remarkable hepatoprotection and activity-dose response with an EC50 of 43.07 μg/mL. The hepatoprotective effect on human liver hepatoma cells (HepG2) of the isolated flavonoid C-glycosides 1-6 was observed. Desmodinosides A-C (1-3) were found to exhibit moderate hepatoprotective activity on HepG2 cells. Of these, compound 2 showed the best hepatoprotective activity with an EC50 value of 74.12 μg/mL. While compounds 1 and 3 displayed EC50 values of 271.21 and 211.99 μg/mL, respectively. Quercetin, a positive control, also caused an EC50 value of 36.42 μg/mL. In addition to having hepatoprotective effect, the methanol extract had an inhibitory effect on the growth of oomycete; it inhibited Phytophthora infestans with IC50 of 13.3 μg/mL and IC90 of 78.7 μg/mL. The oomycete inhibition was directly attributed to compounds 5 and 6, which significantly inhibited P. infestans with IC50 values of 27.4 and 24.7 μg/mL, respectively. Both 5 and 6 and methanol extract were active against P. infestanse in a dose-dependent manner. Our study demonstrated for the first time the new flavonoid C-glycosides from D. heterocarpon var. stigosum and their novel pharmacological properties. The study findings also suggest the plant extract and its metabolites could be used as a new botanical source of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Le Dang
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 10072, Viet Nam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 10072, Viet Nam.
| | - Hoang Dinh Vu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pesticides Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Van Minh Nguyen
- Eco-Friendly New Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyung Ja Choi
- Eco-Friendly New Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Le Thi Phuong Hoa
- Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuanthuy Road, CauGiay, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Duong Thi Dung
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 10072, Viet Nam; Institute of Marine Biochemistry, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 10072, Viet Nam
| | - Phan Van Kiem
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 10072, Viet Nam; Institute of Marine Biochemistry, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 10072, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Xuan Nhiem
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 10072, Viet Nam; Institute of Marine Biochemistry, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 10072, Viet Nam
| | - Quang De Tran
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho 90000, Viet Nam
| | - Quoc Cuong Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho 90000, Viet Nam
| | - Duc Trong Nghiem
- Botany Department, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Dang Ngoc Quang
- Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuanthuy Road, CauGiay, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam.
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Li H, Zhang Q. Research Progress of Flavonoids Regulating Endothelial Function. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1201. [PMID: 37765009 PMCID: PMC10534649 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The endothelium, as the guardian of vascular homeostasis, is closely related to the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). As an early marker of the development of a series of vascular diseases, endothelial dysfunction is often accompanied by oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Natural flavonoids in fruits, vegetables, and Chinese herbal medicines have been shown to induce and regulate endothelial cells and exert anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-aging effects in a large number of in vitro models and in vivo experiments so as to achieve the prevention and improvement of cardiovascular disease. Focusing on endothelial mediation, this paper introduces the signaling pathways involved in the improvement of endothelial dysfunction by common dietary and flavonoids in traditional Chinese medicine and describes them based on their metabolism in the human body and their relationship with the intestinal flora. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the broad pharmacological activity and target development potential of flavonoids as food supplements and drug components in regulating endothelial function and thus in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This paper also introduces the application of some new nanoparticle carriers in order to improve their bioavailability in the human body and play a broader role in vascular protection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qi Zhang
- The Basic Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China;
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30
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Sowa I, Mołdoch J, Paduch R, Strzemski M, Szkutnik J, Tyszczuk-Rotko K, Dresler S, Szczepanek D, Wójciak M. Polyphenolic Composition of Carlina acaulis L. Extract and Cytotoxic Potential against Colorectal Adenocarcinoma and Cervical Cancer Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:6148. [PMID: 37630400 PMCID: PMC10458490 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Carlina acaulis is highly valued in the traditional medicine of many European countries for its diuretic, cholagogue, anthelmintic, laxative, and emetic properties. Moreover, practitioners of natural medicine indicate that it has anti-cancer potential. However, its phytochemistry is still little known. In the present study, the polyphenolic composition of the plant was investigated using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a high-resolution/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (UHPLC-HR/QTOF/MS-PDA). The fractionation of the extract was carried out using liquid-liquid extraction and preparative chromatography techniques. Cytotoxicity was assessed based on neutral red and MTT assays. The obtained data showed that the species is rich in chlorogenic acids and C-glycosides of luteolin and apigenin. The total amount of chlorogenic acids was 12.6 mg/g. Among flavonoids, kaempferol dihexosidipentose and schaftoside were the most abundant, reaching approximately 3 mg/g, followed by isoorientin, vitexin-2-O-rhamnoside, and vicenin II, each with a content of approximately 2 mg/g. Furthermore, the cytotoxic potential of the plant against human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT29) and human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells was investigated using the normal epithelial colon cell line (CCD 841CoTr) as a reference. It has been demonstrated that the ethyl acetate fraction was the most abundant in polyphenolic compounds and had the most promising anticancer activity. Further fractionation allowed for the obtaining of some subfractions that differed in phytochemical composition. The subfractions containing polyphenolic acids and flavonoids were characterized by low cytotoxicity against cancer and normal cell lines. Meanwhile, the subfraction with fatty acids was active and decreased the viability of HeLa and HT29 with minimal negative effects on CCD 841CoTr. The effect was probably linked to traumatic acid, which was present in the fraction at a concentration of 147 mg/g of dried weight. The research demonstrated the significant potential of C. acaulis as a plant with promising attributes, thus justifying further exploration of its biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ireneusz Sowa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Jarosław Mołdoch
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, 24-100 Puławy, Poland;
| | - Roman Paduch
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 19 Akademicka Street, 20-033 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Maciej Strzemski
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Jacek Szkutnik
- Independent Unit of Functional Masticatory Disorders, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Tyszczuk-Rotko
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, 20-031 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Sławomir Dresler
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Dariusz Szczepanek
- Chair and Department of Neurosurgery and Paediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Wójciak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.S.); (S.D.)
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31
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Han BY, Wang ZL, Li J, Jin Q, Wang HT, Chen K, Yi Y, Ågren H, Qiao X, Ye M. A highly selective C-rhamnosyltransferase from Viola tricolor and insights into its mechanisms. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:3535-3544. [PMID: 37655315 PMCID: PMC10465961 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
C-Glycosides are important natural products with various bioactivities. In plant biosynthetic pathways, the C-glycosylation step is usually catalyzed by C-glycosyltransferases (CGTs), and most of them prefer to accept uridine 5'-diphosphate glucose (UDP-Glc) as sugar donor. No CGTs favoring UDP-rhamnose (UDP-Rha) as sugar donor has been reported, thus far. Herein, we report the first selective C-rhamnosyltransferase VtCGTc from the medicinal plant Viola tricolor. VtCGTc could efficiently catalyze C-rhamnosylation of 2-hydroxynaringenin 3-C-glucoside, and exhibited high selectivity towards UDP-Rha. Mechanisms for the sugar donor selectivity of VtCGTc were investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and molecular mechanics with generalized Born and surface area solvation (MM/GBSA) binding free energy calculations. Val144 played a vital role in recognizing UDP-Rha, and the V144T mutant could efficiently utilize UDP-Glc. This work provides a new and efficient approach to prepare flavonoid C-rhamnosides such as violanthin and iso-violanthin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zi-Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Junhao Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 20, Sweden
| | - Qing Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hao-Tian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hans Ågren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 20, Sweden
| | - Xue Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Min Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing 100191, China
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32
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Sowa I, Mołdoch J, Dresler S, Kubrak T, Soluch A, Szczepanek D, Strzemski M, Paduch R, Wójciak M. Phytochemical Profiling, Antioxidant Activity, and Protective Effect against H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Stress of Carlina vulgaris Extract. Molecules 2023; 28:5422. [PMID: 37513294 PMCID: PMC10385139 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Carlina vulgaris is a little-understood plant with unexplored biological potential, and the papers regarding its chemical composition are scarce. In our study, for the first time, the phytochemical profile of the plant, focusing on polar metabolites, was established using modern chromatographic techniques including LC-HRMS-QTOF-CAD, UHPLC-PDA-MS. Phytochemical analysis revealed that the species is a rich source of polyphenolic components, with the most abundant being chlorogenic acid and C-glycosides of luteolin, including carlinoside, orientin, isoorientin, and C-glycosides of apigenin, schaftoside, isoschaftoside, and vitexin. Furthermore, we assessed the impact of the polyphenolic-rich fraction of C. vulgaris extracts on human skin fibroblasts using the MTT and NR assays. It was found that the extract was non-toxic and exhibited potent antioxidant activity in the cells subjected to induced oxidative stress. Additionally, it effectively protected the cells against H2O2-induced cytotoxicity. Our study contributes to the general trend of searching for new phytotherapeutics with potential applications in pharmacy and medicine. The results indicate that further exploration of C. vulgaris species is worthwhile, as they can serve as valuable plant material for cosmetic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ireneusz Sowa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jarosław Mołdoch
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| | - Sławomir Dresler
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Science, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kubrak
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Institute of Medical Studies, Medical College, Rzeszów University, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Agata Soluch
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| | - Dariusz Szczepanek
- Chair and Department of Neurosurgery and Paediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Maciej Strzemski
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Roman Paduch
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 19 Akademicka Street, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wójciak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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33
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Liu S, Liu J, Zhao L, Pei J. Engineering Escherichia coli for efficient and economic production of C-glycosylflavonoids by deleting YhhW and regulating pH. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023:10.1007/s00449-023-02893-2. [PMID: 37322185 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02893-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
C-glycosylflavonoids have a number of pharmacological activities. An efficient method for the preparation of C-glycosylflavonoids is through metabolic engineering. Thus, it is important to prevent the degradation of C-glycosylflavonoids for producing C-glycosylflavonoids in the recombinant strain. In this study, two critical factors for the degradation of C-glycosylflavonoids were clarified. The quercetinase (YhhW) gene from Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) was expressed, purified, and characterized. YhhW effectively degraded quercetin 8-C-glucoside, orientin, and isoorientin, while the degradation of vitexin and isovitexin was not significant. Zn2+ can significantly reduce the degradation of C-glycosylflavonoids by inhibiting the activity of YhhW. pH was another key factor causing the degradation of C-glycosylflavonoids, and C-glycosylflavonoids were significantly degraded with pH exceeding 7.5 in vitro or in vivo. On this basis, two strategies, deleting YhhW gene from the genome of E. coli and regulating pH during the bioconversion, were developed to relieve the degradation of C-glycosylflavonoids. Finally, the total degradation rates for orientin and quercetin 8-C-glucoside decreased from 100 to 28% and 65% to 18%, respectively. The maximum yield of orientin reached 3353 mg/L with luteolin as substrate, and the maximum yield of quercetin 8-C-glucoside reached 2236 mg/L with quercetin as substrate. Therefore, the method described herein for relieving the degradation of C-glycosylflavonoids may be widely used for the biosynthesis of C-glycosylflavonoids in recombinant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jiamei Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Linguo Zhao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Jianjun Pei
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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34
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Hoffmann TD, Kurze E, Liao J, Hoffmann T, Song C, Schwab W. Genome-wide identification of UDP-glycosyltransferases in the tea plant ( Camellia sinensis) and their biochemical and physiological functions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1191625. [PMID: 37346124 PMCID: PMC10279963 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1191625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Tea (Camellia sinensis) has been an immensely important commercially grown crop for decades. This is due to the presence of essential nutrients and plant secondary metabolites that exhibit beneficial health effects. UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) play an important role in the diversity of such secondary metabolites by catalysing the transfer of an activated sugar donor to acceptor molecules, and thereby creating a huge variety of glycoconjugates. Only in recent years, thanks to the sequencing of the tea plant genome, have there been increased efforts to characterise the UGTs in C. sinensis to gain an understanding of their physiological role and biotechnological potential. Based on the conserved plant secondary product glycosyltransferase (PSPG) motif and the catalytically active histidine in the active site, UGTs of family 1 in C. sinensis are identified here, and shown to cluster into 21 groups in a phylogenetic tree. Building on this, our current understanding of recently characterised C. sinensis UGTs (CsUGTs) is highlighted and a discussion on future perspectives made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D. Hoffmann
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kurze
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Jieren Liao
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Hoffmann
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Chuankui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wilfried Schwab
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
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35
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Ruan JC, Peng RY, Chen YT, Xu HX, Zhang QFF. In vitro and in vivo Inhibitory Activity of C-glycoside Flavonoid Extracts from Mung Bean Coat on Pancreatic Lipase and α-glucosidase. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 78:439-444. [PMID: 37351712 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01075-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Mung bean is a kind of legume commonly eaten by human. In the present study, a HPLC method for analyzing of two C-glycoside flavonoids, isovitexin and vitexin, in Mung bean was developed. Results showed that the flavonoids are mainly existed in Mung bean coat (MBC), while kernel contains very trace. The extraction of C-glycoside flavonoids from MBC was optimized. MBC extracts with isovitexin and vitexin contents of 29.0 ± 0.28% and 35.8 ± 0.19% were obtained with yield of 1.6 ± 0.21%. MBC extracts exhibited inhibitory activities on pancreatic lipase and α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 0.147 mg/ml and 0.226 mg/ml, respectively. The inhibitory kinetics revealed that MBC extracts showed mixed-type inhibition on these enzymes. Fluorescence quenching titration confirmed the binding of MBC extracts with the enzyme proteins. In vivo study revealed that pre-administration with MBC extracts significantly reduced the triglyceride absorption. Furthermore, it also improved postprandial hyperglycemia in rats through the inhibition of α-glucosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Cang Ruan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Rui-Yan Peng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Hai-Xia Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Qing-Feng F Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
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36
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Qiao Y, Wu L, Yang S, Wang Q, Gu H, Wei L, Liu G, Zhou S, Wang P, Song M. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses provide insights into variations in flavonoids contents between two Artemisia cultivars. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:288. [PMID: 37254042 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants in the genus Artemisia are rich in active ingredients and specialized metabolites. Many of these compounds, especially flavonoids, have potential medicinal and nutritional applications, and are of growing interest to scientists due to their wide range of pharmacological and biological activities. Artemisia cultivars are commonly used as raw materials for medicine, food, and moxibustion in China. However, most of the metabolites produced by Artemisia species have not been identified, and few studies have addressed differences in active compounds between species and cultivars. RESULTS We here investigated two Artemisia cultivars, 'Nanyangshiyong' (NYSY) and 'Nanyangyaoyong' (NYYY), which are commonly used in foods and moxibustion, respectively. NYSY and NYYY were confirmed to be Artemisia argyi cultivars. Total flavonoids contents and antioxidant activities were higher in NYYY than in NYSY. A total of 882 metabolites were identified in the samples; most of the potentially medicinally active compounds, especially flavonoids (e.g., flavone, flavonol, isoflavone, and anthocyanin), were up-regulated in NYYY compared to NYSY. Furthermore, most of the genes related to flavonoids biosynthesis were up-regulated in NYYY. Correlation analysis was used to identify putative members of transcription factor families that may regulate genes encoding key flavonoids biosynthesis enzymes. CONCLUSIONS We found that the antioxidant activities and flavonoids contents significantly varied between two Artemisia cultivars of the same species. We also uncovered metabolomic and transcriptomic evidence of the molecular phenomena underlying those differences in flavonoids contents between the two Artemisia cultivars. This study provides a wealth of data for future utilization and improvements of Artemisia cultivars, and highlights a need to study the specific metabolite profiles of plants that are used in foods and medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Qiao
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Liqin Wu
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Suling Yang
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Haike Gu
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Liqin Wei
- Beijing Science and Technology Innovation Promotion Center, Beijing, China
| | - Guijun Liu
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Sijing Zhou
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Meifang Song
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China.
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37
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Nabil-Adam A, E. Elnosary M, L. Ashour M, M. Abd El-Moneam N, A. Shreadah M. Flavonoids Biosynthesis in Plants as a Defense Mechanism: Role and Function Concerning Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetic Properties. FLAVONOID METABOLISM - RECENT ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS IN CROP BREEDING 2023. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.108637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a major class of secondary metabolites that comprises more than 6000 compounds that have been identified. They are biosynthesized via the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway that involves groups of enzymes such as isomerases, hydroxylases, and reductases that greatly affect the determination of the flavonoid skeleton. For example, transferase enzymes responsible for the modification of sugar result in changes in the physiological activity of the flavonoids and changes in their physical properties, such as solubility, reactivity, and interaction with cellular target molecules, which affect their pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic properties. In addition, flavonoids have diverse biological activities such as antioxidants, anticancer, and antiviral in managing Alzheimer’s disease. However, most marine flavonoids are still incompletely discovered because marine flavonoid biosynthesis is produced and possesses unique substitutions that are not commonly found in terrestrial bioactive compounds. The current chapter will illustrate the importance of flavonoids’ role in metabolism and the main difference between marine and terrestrial flavonoids.
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Naz R, Saqib F, Awadallah S, Wahid M, Latif MF, Iqbal I, Mubarak MS. Food Polyphenols and Type II Diabetes Mellitus: Pharmacology and Mechanisms. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28103996. [PMID: 37241737 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28103996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Type II diabetes mellitus and its related complications are growing public health problems. Many natural products present in our diet, including polyphenols, can be used in treating and managing type II diabetes mellitus and different diseases, owing to their numerous biological properties. Anthocyanins, flavonols, stilbenes, curcuminoids, hesperidin, hesperetin, naringenin, and phenolic acids are common polyphenols found in blueberries, chokeberries, sea-buckthorn, mulberries, turmeric, citrus fruits, and cereals. These compounds exhibit antidiabetic effects through different pathways. Accordingly, this review presents an overview of the most recent developments in using food polyphenols for managing and treating type II diabetes mellitus, along with various mechanisms. In addition, the present work summarizes the literature about the anti-diabetic effect of food polyphenols and evaluates their potential as complementary or alternative medicines to treat type II diabetes mellitus. Results obtained from this survey show that anthocyanins, flavonols, stilbenes, curcuminoids, and phenolic acids can manage diabetes mellitus by protecting pancreatic β-cells against glucose toxicity, promoting β-cell proliferation, reducing β-cell apoptosis, and inhibiting α-glucosidases or α-amylase. In addition, these phenolic compounds exhibit antioxidant anti-inflammatory activities, modulate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, optimize oxidative stress, reduce insulin resistance, and stimulate the pancreas to secrete insulin. They also activate insulin signaling and inhibit digestive enzymes, regulate intestinal microbiota, improve adipose tissue metabolism, inhibit glucose absorption, and inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end products. However, insufficient data are available on the effective mechanisms necessary to manage diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Naz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Saqib
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Samir Awadallah
- Department of Medical Lab Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Muqeet Wahid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farhaj Latif
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Iram Iqbal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
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Lin S, Simal-Gandara J, Cao H, Xiao J. The stability and degradation products of polyhydroxy flavonols in boiling water. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 6:100509. [PMID: 37229311 PMCID: PMC10205440 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxy flavonols readily degraded during thermal processing. In this study, the UPLC-Q-tof-MS/MS was applied to explore the stability of dietary polyhydroxy flavonols, myricetin, kaempferol, galangin, fisetin, myricitrin, quercitrin and rutin, in boiling water. The decomposition of flavonols was mainly caused by the heterocyclic ring C opening to form simpler aromatic compounds. The degradation products mainly included 1,3,5-benzenetriol, 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoic acid and 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzaldehyde, etc. Compared with myricetin with a pyrogallol-type structure on the ring B, the glycoside in myricitrin slightly affects the stability. However, the glycosides in rutin and quercitrin dramatically improved the stability in water. During the boiling process, flavonols underwent a series of chemical reactions, such as hydroxylation, dehydroxylation, deglycosidation, deprotonation, and C-ring cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiye Lin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, 32004, Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, 32004, Ourense, Spain
| | - Hui Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, 32004, Ourense, Spain
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, 32004, Ourense, Spain
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Shen W, Li SY, Pan YQ, Liu H, Dong XW, Zhang XQ, Ye WC, Hu XL, Wang H. Prinsepia utilis Royle leaf extract: Ameliorative effects on allergic inflammation and skin lesions in allergic contact dermatitis and polyphenolic profiling through UPLC-MS/MS coupled to chemometric analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 305:116093. [PMID: 36603785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a common allergic inflammatory disease that is concomitant with skin swelling, redness, dry itching, and relapses. Prinsepia utilis Royle, a Chinese and Indian folk medicine, is rich in polyphenols with potential anti-inflammatory and skin-protective activities. However, the underlying mechanism of P. utilis leaf (PUL) in the treatment of ACD and its functional basis remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study is aimed to explore and reveal the active substances and mechanism of PUL against ACD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hyaluronidase inhibitory assay and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-induced ACD mouse model were performed to assess the antiallergic effects of PUL in vitro and in vivo. Different solvents were applied to obtain multiple PUL extracts. The extracts were further tested for total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) by using spectrophotometric assays. Polyphenolic profiles were analyzed by using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS), and a simultaneous quantification method was established using UPLC-QTrap-MS/MS through multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) and applied to analyze the pharmacokinetics of the multiple major polyphenols of PUL in mice. RESULTS The water extract of PUL with the highest TPC/TFC exhibited the strongest antihyaluronidase effect (IC50 = 231.93 μg/mL). In vivo assays indicated that the oral administration of PUL water extract dose-dependently attenuated ACD-like symptoms by decreased interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-33, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and IgE production, suppressed eosinophil and basophil secretion, and increasing the expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins (claudin-1 [CLDN-1] and occludin). Concomitantly, UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis enabled the identification of 60 polyphenols and the pharmacokinetic parameters of seven quantified constituents of PUL were characterized. Four compounds, trans-p-coumaric acid 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11), vicenin-2 (21), isoschaftoside (31), and kaempferol 3-O-(2″,6″-di-O-α-L-rhamnopyransoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (38) which displayed satisfactory pharmacokinetic features, were considered as potential effective substances in PUL. CONCLUSIONS PUL water extract ameliorated the allergic inflammation of ACD by repairing the epithelial barrier and alleviating Th2-type allergic inflammation. The anti-allergic effect of PUL is closely related to its phenolic substances, and compounds 11, 21, 31, and 38 were the active substances of PUL. It revealed that P. utilis could be developed as a new source of antiallergic agents for ACD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qing Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Wei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Long Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
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Chong Y, Kim BG, Park YJ, Yang Y, Lee SW, Lee Y, Ahn JH. Production of Four Flavonoid C-Glucosides in Escherichia coli. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5302-5313. [PMID: 36952620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoid C-glucosides, which are found in several plant families, are characterized by several biological properties, including antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, antibacterial, antihyperalgesic, antiviral, and antinociceptive activities. The biosynthetic pathway of flavonoid C-glucosides in plants has been elucidated. In the present study, a pathway was introduced to Escherichia coli to synthesize four flavonoid C-glucosides, namely, isovitexin, vitexin, kaempferol 6-C-glucoside, and kaempferol 8-C-glucoside. A five- or six-step metabolic pathway for synthesizing flavonoid aglycones from tyrosine was constructed and two regioselective flavonoid C-glycosyltransferases from Wasabia japonica (WjGT1) and Trollius chinensis (TcCGT) were used. Additionally, the best shikimate gene module construct was selected to maximize the titer of each C-glucoside flavonoid. Isovitexin (30.2 mg/L), vitexin (93.9 mg/L), kaempferol 6-C-glucoside (14.4 mg/L), and kaempferol 8-C-glucoside (38.6 mg/L) were synthesized using these approaches. The flavonoid C-glucosides synthesized in this study provide a basis for investigating and unraveling their novel biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoojin Chong
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Gyu Kim
- Department of Forest Resources, Gyeongsang National University, 33 Dongjin-ro, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangman-do 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo-Jin Park
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Youri Yang
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Won Lee
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngshim Lee
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Hoon Ahn
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Ibrahim TA, Hegazy MM, Maatooq GT, El-Hela AA. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry for metabolite profiling and biological activity of Stellaria pallida (Dumort) Piré. Med Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-023-03055-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Zhou H, Zhou L, Li B, Yue R. Anti-cyclooxygenase, anti-glycation, and anti-skin aging effect of Dendrobium officinale flowers’ aqueous extract and its phytochemical validation in aging. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1095848. [PMID: 37006297 PMCID: PMC10064984 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1095848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionDendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo (D. officinale) , widely called as “life-saving immortal grass” by Chinese folk, is a scarce and endangered species. The edible stems of D. officinale have been extensively studied for active chemical components and various bioactivities. However, few studies have reported the well-being beneficial effects of D. officinale flowers (DOF). Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the in vitro biological potency of its aqueous extract and screen its active components.MethodsAntioxidant tests, including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level analyses in primary human epidermal keratinocytes, anti-cyclooxygenase2 (COX-2) assay, anti-glycation assay (both fluorescent AGEs formation in a BSA fructose/glucose system and glycation cell assay), and anti-aging assay (quantification of collagen types I and III, and SA-β-gal staining assay) were conducted to determine the potential biological effects of DOF extracts and its major compounds. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation-quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) was performed to investigate the composition of DOF extracts. Online antioxidant post-column bioassay tests were applied to rapidly screen major antioxidants in DOF extracts.Results and discussionThe aqueous extract of D. officinale flowers was found to have potential antioxidant capacity, anti-cyclooxygenase2 (COX-2) effect, anti-glycation potency, and anti-aging effects. A total of 34 compounds were identified using UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS. Online ABTS radical analysis demonstrated that 1-O-caffeoyl-β-D-glucoside, vicenin-2, luteolin-6-C-β-D-xyloside-8-C-β--D-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-sophoroside, rutin, isoquercitrin, and quercetin 3-O-(6″-O-malonyl)-β-D-glucoside are the major potential antioxidants. In addition, all selected 16 compounds exerted significant ABTS radical scavenging ability and effective AGE suppressive activities. However, only certain compounds, such as rutin and isoquercitrin, displayed selective and significant antioxidant abilities, as shown by DPPH and FRAP, as well as potent COX-2 inhibitory capacity, whereas the remaining compounds displayed relatively weak or no effects. This indicates that specific components contributed to different functionalities. Our findings justified that DOF and its active compound targeted related enzymes and highlighted their potential application in anti-aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiji Zhou
- Amway (Shanghai) Innovation and Science Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Luxian Zhou
- Shanghai Archgene Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Li
- Amway (Shanghai) Innovation and Science Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
- Amway (China) Botanical R&D Center, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Li, ; Rongcai Yue,
| | - Rongcai Yue
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Li, ; Rongcai Yue,
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Mechanism Repositioning Based on Integrative Pharmacology: Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Safflower in Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065313. [PMID: 36982389 PMCID: PMC10048972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius. L) possesses anti-tumor, anti-thrombotic, anti-oxidative, immunoregulatory, and cardio-cerebral protective effects. It is used clinically for the treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular disease in China. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of action of safflower extract on myocardial ischemia–reperfusion (MIR) injury in a left anterior descending (LAD)-ligated model based on integrative pharmacology study and ultra-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight-tandem mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS). Safflower (62.5, 125, 250 mg/kg) was administered immediately before reperfusion. Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC)/Evans blue, echocardiography, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ability, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were determined after 24 h of reperfusion. Chemical components were obtained using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to analyze mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Safflower dose-dependently reduced myocardial infarct size, improved cardiac function, decreased LDH levels, and increased SOD levels in C57/BL6 mice. A total of 11 key components and 31 hub targets were filtered based on the network analysis. Comprehensive analysis indicated that safflower alleviated inflammatory effects by downregulating the expression of NFκB1, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-18, TNFα, and MCP-1 and upregulating NFκBia, and markedly increased the expression of phosphorylated PI3K, AKT, PKC, and ERK/2, HIF1α, VEGFA, and BCL2, and decreased the level of BAX and phosphorylated p65. Safflower shows a significant cardioprotective effect by activating multiple inflammation-related signaling pathways, including the NFκB, HIF-1α, MAPK, TNF, and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. These findings provide valuable insights into the clinical applications of safflower.
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Li M, Liu Y, Weigmann B. Biodegradable Polymeric Nanoparticles Loaded with Flavonoids: A Promising Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054454. [PMID: 36901885 PMCID: PMC10003013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of disorders that cause chronic non-specific inflammation in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, primarily affecting the ileum and colon. The incidence of IBD has risen sharply in recent years. Despite continuous research efforts over the past decades, the aetiology of IBD is still not fully understood and only a limited number of drugs are available for its treatment. Flavonoids, a ubiquitous class of natural chemicals found in plants, have been widely used in the prevention and treatment of IBD. However, their therapeutic efficacy is unsatisfactory due to poor solubility, instability, rapid metabolism, and rapid systemic elimination. With the development of nanomedicine, nanocarriers can efficiently encapsulate various flavonoids and subsequently form nanoparticles (NPs), which greatly improves the stability and bioavailability of flavonoids. Recently, progress has also been made in the methodology of biodegradable polymers that can be used to fabricate NPs. As a result, NPs can significantly enhance the preventive or therapeutic effects of flavonoids on IBD. In this review, we aim to evaluate the therapeutic effect of flavonoid NPs on IBD. Furthermore, we discuss possible challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrui Li
- Department of Medicine 1, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Medicine 1, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benno Weigmann
- Department of Medicine 1, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Gai F, Janiak MA, Sulewska K, Peiretti PG, Karamać M. Phenolic Compound Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of Flax ( Linum usitatissimum L.) Harvested at Different Growth Stages. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041807. [PMID: 36838795 PMCID: PMC9960924 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The profile of phenolic compounds changes during the growth of a plant and this change affects its antioxidant potential. The aim of this research has been to find the growth stage of flax with the highest antioxidant capacity, and to determine the phenolic compounds responsible for such a capacity. Flax was harvested in six growth stages: from stem extension to mature seeds. The phenolic compounds were identified using LC-TOF-MS and quantified in an extract and in the fresh matter (FM) of each growth stage. The radical scavenging activity against ABTS•+ and DPPH•, the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and the antioxidant activity in the β-carotene-linoleic acid emulsion system were determined. Mono- and di-C-glycosyl flavones were found to be the most abundant phenolics of the aerial parts of flax, which also showed the highest content of isoorientin (210-538 µg/g FM). Coniferin, its derivative, and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives were also detected. The plant was richer in flavone C-glycosides from stem extension to seed ripening (1105-1413 µg/g FM) than at the mature seed stage (557 µg/g FM). Most of the individual flavone C-glycoside contents in the extracts decreased when increasingly older plants were considered; however, the isoorientin content did not change significantly from the steam extension to the seed ripening stages. The antiradical activity against ABTS•+ and FRAP was higher for the aerial parts of the flax harvested at the flowering, brown capsule, and seed ripening stages, mainly due to the presence of flavone C-glycosides. The oxidation of β-carotene-linoleic acid emulsion was instead inhibited more effectively by the extracts from plants at the brown capsule and mature seed stages. Coniferin and its derivative were significantly involved in this activity. The extracts from the aerial parts of the flax harvested from flowering to seed ripening could be a valuable source of flavone C-glycosides for use as nutraceuticals and components of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Gai
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Michał A. Janiak
- Department of Chemical and Physical Properties of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Sulewska
- Department of Chemical and Physical Properties of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Pier Giorgio Peiretti
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Magdalena Karamać
- Department of Chemical and Physical Properties of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Li T, Borg AJE, Krammer L, Breinbauer R, Nidetzky B. Reaction intensification for biocatalytic production of polyphenolic natural product di-C-β-glucosides. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:1506-1520. [PMID: 36787984 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenolic aglycones featuring two sugars individually attached via C-glycosidic linkage (di-C-glycosides) represent a rare class of plant natural products with unique physicochemical properties and biological activities. Natural scarcity of such di-C-glycosides limits their use-inspired exploration as pharmaceutical ingredients. Here, we show a biocatalytic process technology for reaction-intensified production of the di-C-β-glucosides of two representative phenol substrates, phloretin (a natural flavonoid) and phenyl-trihydroxyacetophenone (a phenolic synthon for synthesis), from sucrose. The synthesis proceeds via an iterative two-fold C-glycosylation of the respective aglycone, supplied as inclusion complex with 2-hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin for enhanced water solubility of up to 50 mmol/L, catalyzed by a kumquat di-C-glycosyltransferase (di-CGT), and it uses UDP-Glc provided in situ from sucrose by a soybean sucrose synthase, with catalytic amounts (≤3 mol%) of UDP added. Time course analysis reveals the second C-glycosylation as rate-limiting (0.4-0.5 mmol/L/min) for the di-C-glucoside production. With internal supply from sucrose keeping the UDP-Glc at a constant steady-state concentration (≥50% of the UDP added) during the reaction, the di-C-glycosylation is driven to completion (≥95% yield). Contrary to the mono-C-glucoside intermediate which is stable, the di-C-glucoside requires the addition of reducing agent (10 mmol/L 2-mercaptoethanol) to prevent its decomposition during the synthesis. Both di-C-glucosides are isolated from the reaction mixtures in excellent purity (≥95%), and their expected structures are confirmed by NMR. Collectively, this study demonstrates efficient glycosyltransferase cascade reaction for flexible use in natural product di-C-β-glucoside synthesis from expedient substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Li
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Graz, Austria.,Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib), Graz, Austria
| | - Annika J E Borg
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Graz, Austria.,Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib), Graz, Austria
| | - Leo Krammer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rolf Breinbauer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Graz, Austria.,Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib), Graz, Austria
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Yang J, Kuang MT, Yang L, Huang W, Hu JM. Modern interpretation of the traditional application of Shihu - A comprehensive review on phytochemistry and pharmacology progress of Dendrobium officinale. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115912. [PMID: 36351476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) "Shihu" has a long history of medicinal use in China from some species of Dendrobium. D. officinale is a major source of "Shihu" and is widely cultivated in south of China and listed separately as "Tiepi Shihu" by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia in now time. Traditionally, D. officinale has been widely used in daily health care and the treatment of diabetes and gastrointestinal diseases. AIM OF THIS REVIEW In order to better develop and utilize D. officinale, we conducted this systematic review of previous studies, showed clear structure of all isolates from D. officinale together with pharmacological progress, hoping to provide references for further research and utilization. In addition, specific display of the chemical components and the research progress of related activities can help to better understand the traditional records and modern pharmaceutical applications of the plant medicine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information on phytochemistry and pharmacological studies of D. officinale was collected from various scientific databases including Web of Science, SciFinder, ACS, Springer, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and CNKI. RESULTS More than 180 compounds isolated from D. officinale, including bibenzyls, phenols, phenylpropanoids, lignans, flavonoids and polysaccharides are listed in this review. Furthermore, modern pharmacological researches such as hypoglycemia, immune regulation, antioxidant, cardiovascular regulation and gastrointestinal protection are summarized. CONCLUSION Based on the summary of the research work of D. officinale, we systematically show the chemical composition of the plant, and concluded the relationship of those composition with plant habitat together with the relationship between the structure of chemical components and pharmacological activity. Moreover, we suggest that some of small molecule compounds could also be quality control of D. officinale besides polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Meng-Ting Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; Bio-Innovation Center of DR PLANT, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Liu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; Bio-Innovation Center of DR PLANT, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jiang-Miao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; Bio-Innovation Center of DR PLANT, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Zorzi G, Gambini S, Negri S, Guzzo F, Commisso M. Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis of the Orchid Species Oncidium sotoanum Reveals the Presence of Rare Bioactive C-Diglycosylated Chrysin Derivatives. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:655. [PMID: 36771739 PMCID: PMC9920315 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants are valuable sources of secondary metabolites with pharmaceutical properties, but only a small proportion of plant life has been actively exploited for medicinal purposes to date. Underexplored plant species are therefore likely to contain novel bioactive compounds. In this study, we investigated the content of secondary metabolites in the flowers, leaves and pseudobulbs of the orchid Oncidium sotoanum using an untargeted metabolomics approach. We observed the strong accumulation of C-diglycosylated chrysin derivatives, which are rarely found in nature. Further characterization revealed evidence of antioxidant activity (FRAP and DPPH assays) and potential activity against neurodegenerative disorders (MAO-B inhibition assay) depending on the specific molecular structure of the metabolites. Natural product bioprospecting in underexplored plant species based on untargeted metabolomics can therefore help to identify novel chemical structures with diverse pharmaceutical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Zorzi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sofia Gambini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Negri
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Flavia Guzzo
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mauro Commisso
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
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50
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Yan J, Lu A, Kun J, Wang B, Miao Y, Chen Y, Ho CT, Meng Q, Tong H. Characterization of triterpenoids as possible bitter-tasting compounds in teas infected with bird’s eye spot disease. Food Res Int 2023; 167:112643. [PMID: 37087235 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Tea infected with bird's eye spot disease generally imparts a long-lasting bitter taste, which is unacceptable to most consumers. This study has comprehensively evaluated the taste profiles of infected and healthy teas and investigated their known bitter compounds previously reported in tea. Quantification analyses and calculation of dose-over-threshold (DoT) factors revealed that no obvious difference was visualized in catechins, caffeine, bitter amino acids, and flavonols and their glycosides between infected and healthy tea samples, which was also verified by principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Therefore, these known bitter compounds have been ruled out as critical contributors to the long-lasting bitterness of infected teas. Furthermore, Gel permeation chromatography, sensory analysis, and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS were employed and identified 13 substances from the target bitter fractions, including caffeine, ten triterpenoids, and two oxylipins. The higher triterpenoid levels were supposed to be the reason causing the long-lasting bitterness. This study has provided a research direction for the molecular basis of the long-lasting bitterness of infected tea leaves with bird's eye spot disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingna Yan
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Anxia Lu
- Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Jirui Kun
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; Food Quality & Design Group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yiwen Miao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yingjuan Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Qing Meng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Huarong Tong
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
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