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Vinothkanna A, Dar OI, Liu Z, Jia AQ. Advanced detection tools in food fraud: A systematic review for holistic and rational detection method based on research and patents. Food Chem 2024; 446:138893. [PMID: 38432137 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Modern food chain supply management necessitates the dire need for mitigating food fraud and adulterations. This holistic review addresses different advanced detection technologies coupled with chemometrics to identify various types of adulterated foods. The data on research, patent and systematic review analyses (2018-2023) revealed both destructive and non-destructive methods to demarcate a rational approach for food fraud detection in various countries. These intricate hygiene standards and AI-based technology are also summarized for further prospective research. Chemometrics or AI-based techniques for extensive food fraud detection are demanded. A systematic assessment reveals that various methods to detect food fraud involving multiple substances need to be simple, expeditious, precise, cost-effective, eco-friendly and non-intrusive. The scrutiny resulted in 39 relevant experimental data sets answering key questions. However, additional research is necessitated for an affirmative conclusion in food fraud detection system with modern AI and machine learning approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annadurai Vinothkanna
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China.
| | - Owias Iqbal Dar
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhu Liu
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Ai-Qun Jia
- Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China.
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Giusti A, Spatola G, Mancini S, Nuvoloni R, Armani A. Novel foods, old issues: Metabarcoding revealed mislabeling in insect-based products sold by e-commerce on the EU market. Food Res Int 2024; 184:114268. [PMID: 38609245 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Insects intended for human consumption are considered Novel Foods according to EU legislation. marketed in form of powders, bars, snacks are increasingly available on the EU market, especially on e-commerce. The commercial form and the way of distribution make IBPs particularly prone to mislabeling. Literature concerning the mislabeling occurrence in IBPs is extremely scarce. In this study, 46 processed IBPs were collected on nine EU e-commerce platforms (e-CO) to be authenticated by metabarcoding. A 200 bp region from 16S rRNA gene was used as molecular target. Sequencing data were processed using DADA2 R package, and sequences were taxonomically assigned through BLAST analysis against GenBank. Procedural blanks and positive controls were included in the analysis, and threshold values were established to filter the final data. The mislabeling rate (i. e. the mismatch between the species declared on the IBP label and the species identified by metabarcoding) was calculated. Overall, a high mislabeling rate (33.3 %) was observed, although this percentage is influenced by the e-CO platform and the insect species, with A. domesticus particularly involved. The use of species not listed in authorized Novel Food (e. g. Gryllus locorojo), and/or the partial replacement of high value species with lower value species was highlighted for the first time in processed IBPs. The presence of insect pests was also detected. Metabarcoding was confirmed as an effective tool for IBPs authentication. Also, outcomes from this study can provide useful data on the main issues involving the EU IBPs' market, that can represent an incentive to reinforce both official controls and FBO's self-controls on these poorly investigated products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Giusti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Spatola
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Mancini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberta Nuvoloni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Armani
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Alvarenga M, D'Elia AKP, Rocha G, Arantes CA, Henning F, de Vasconcelos ATR, Solé-Cava AM. Mitochondrial genome structure and composition in 70 fishes: a key resource for fisheries management in the South Atlantic. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:215. [PMID: 38413941 PMCID: PMC10898094 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10035-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phylogenetic gaps of public databases of reference sequences are a major obstacle for comparative genomics and management of marine resources, particularly in the Global South, where economically important fisheries and conservation flagship species often lack closely-related references. We applied target-enrichment to obtain complete mitochondrial genomes of marine ichthyofauna from the Brazilian coast selected based on economic significance, conservation status and lack of phylogenetically-close references. These included sardines (Dorosomatidae, Alosidae), mackerels (Scombridae) croakers (Sciaenidae), groupers (Epinephelidae) and snappers (Lutjanidae). RESULTS Custom baits were designed to enrich mitochondrial DNA across a broad phylogenetic range of fishes. Sequencing generated approximately 100k reads per sample, which were assembled in a total of 70 complete mitochondrial genomes and include fifty-two new additions to GenBank, including five species with no previous mitochondrial data. Departures from the typical gene content and order occurred in only three taxa and mostly involved tRNA gene duplications. Start-codons for all genes, except Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit I (COI), were consistently ATG, whilst a wide range of stop-codons deviated from the prevailing TAA. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed assembly accuracy and revealed signs of cryptic diversification within the Mullus genus. Lineage delimitation methods using Sardinella aurita and S. brasiliensis mitochondrial genomes support a single Operational Taxonomic Unit. CONCLUSIONS Target enrichment was highly efficient, providing complete novel mitochondrial genomes with little sequencing effort. These sequences are deposited in public databases to enable subsequent studies in population genetics and adaptation of Latin American fish species and serve as a vital resource for conservation and management programs that rely on molecular data for species and genus-level identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Alvarenga
- CENIMP, Centro Nacional para a Identificação Molecular do Pescado, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brasil
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO - Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, 4485-661, Portugal
| | - Ananda Krishna Pereira D'Elia
- CENIMP, Centro Nacional para a Identificação Molecular do Pescado, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brasil
| | - Graciane Rocha
- CENIMP, Centro Nacional para a Identificação Molecular do Pescado, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brasil
| | - Clara Alvarez Arantes
- CENIMP, Centro Nacional para a Identificação Molecular do Pescado, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brasil
| | - Frederico Henning
- CENIMP, Centro Nacional para a Identificação Molecular do Pescado, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brasil.
| | | | - Antonio Mateo Solé-Cava
- CENIMP, Centro Nacional para a Identificação Molecular do Pescado, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brasil
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Qi G, Hao L, Gan Y, Xin T, Lou Q, Xu W, Song J. Identification of closely related species in Aspergillus through Analysis of Whole-Genome. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1323572. [PMID: 38450170 PMCID: PMC10915092 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1323572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The challenge of discriminating closely related species persists, notably within clinical diagnostic laboratories for invasive aspergillosis (IA)-related species and food contamination microorganisms with toxin-producing potential. We employed Analysis of the whole-GEnome (AGE) to address the challenges of closely related species within the genus Aspergillus and developed a rapid detection method. First, reliable whole genome data for 77 Aspergillus species were downloaded from the database, and through bioinformatic analysis, specific targets for each species were identified. Subsequently, sequencing was employed to validate these specific targets. Additionally, we developed an on-site detection method targeting a specific target using a genome editing system. Our results indicate that AGE has successfully achieved reliable identification of all IA-related species (Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus terreus) and three well-known species (A. flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus, and Aspergillus oryzae) within the Aspergillus section. Flavi and AGE have provided species-level-specific targets for 77 species within the genus Aspergillus. Based on these reference targets, the sequencing results targeting specific targets substantiate the efficacy of distinguishing the focal species from its closely related species. Notably, the amalgamation of room-temperature amplification and genome editing techniques demonstrates the capacity for rapid and accurate identification of genomic DNA samples at a concentration as low as 0.1 ng/μl within a concise 30-min timeframe. Importantly, this methodology circumvents the reliance on large specialized instrumentation by presenting a singular tube operational modality and allowing for visualized result assessment. These advancements aptly meet the exigencies of on-site detection requirements for the specified species, facilitating prompt diagnosis and food quality monitoring. Moreover, as an identification method based on species-specific genomic sequences, AGE shows promising potential as an effective tool for epidemiological research and species classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihong Qi
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Hao
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yutong Gan
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyi Xin
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Lou
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Song
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Wang YC, Liu SH, Ho HC, Su HY, Chang CH. DNA mini-barcoding reveals the mislabeling rate of canned cat food in Taiwan. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16833. [PMID: 38406290 PMCID: PMC10893872 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Domestic cats are important companion animals in modern society that live closely with their owners. Mislabeling of pet food can not only harm pets but also cause issues in areas such as religious beliefs and natural resource management. Currently, the cat food market is booming. However, despite the risk that mislabeling poses to cats and humans, few studies have focused on species misrepresentation in cat food products. Methods To address this issue, we used DNA barcoding, a highly effective identification methodology that can be applied to even highly processed products. We targeted a short segment (~85 basepairs) of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA (16S) gene as a barcode and employed Sanger or next generation sequencing (NGS) to inspect 138 canned cat food products in the Taiwanese market. Results We discovered that the majority of mislabeling incidents were related to replacement of tuna with other species. Moreover, our metabarcoding revealed that numerous undeclared ingredients were present in all examined canned products. One product contained CITES Appendix II-listed shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus). Overall, we uncovered a mislabeling rate of at least 28.99%. To verify cases of mislabeling, an official standardized list of vernacular names, along with the corresponding scientific species names, as well as a dependable barcoding reference sequence database are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Wang
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Technical Service Division, Fisheries Research Institute, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hui Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan Ching Ho
- Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Yin Su
- Department of Science Education, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Chang
- Department of Science Education, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei, Taiwan
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Giusti A, Malloggi C, Magagna G, Filipello V, Armani A. Is the metabarcoding ripe enough to be applied to the authentication of foodstuff of animal origin? A systematic review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13256. [PMID: 38284609 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Food authentication using molecular techniques is of great importance to fight food fraud. Metabarcoding, based on the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, allowing large-scale taxonomic identification of complex samples via massive parallel sequencing of fragments (called DNA barcodes) simultaneously, has become increasingly popular in many scientific fields. A systematic review to answer the question "Is the metabarcoding ripe enough to be applied to the authentication of foodstuff of animal origin?" is presented. The inclusion criteria were focused on the selection of scientific papers (SPs) only applying metabarcoding to foodstuff of animal origin collected on the market. The 23 included SPs were first analyzed with respect to the metabarcoding phases: library preparation (target genes, primer pairs, and fragment length), sequencing (NGS platforms), and final data analysis (bioinformatic pipelines). Given the importance of primer selection, the taxonomic coverage of the used primers was also evaluated. In addition, the SPs were scored based on the use of quality control measures (procedural blanks, positive controls, replicates, curated databases, and thresholds to filter the data). A lack of standardized protocols, especially with respect to the target barcode/s and the universal primer/s, and the infrequent application of the quality control measures, leads to answer that metabarcoding is not ripe enough for authenticating foodstuff of animal origin. However, the observed trend of the SP quality improvement over the years is encouraging. Concluding, a proper protocol standardization would allow a wider use of metabarcoding by both official and private laboratories, enabling this method to become the primary for the authentication of foodstuffs of animal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Giusti
- FishLab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Malloggi
- FishLab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Magagna
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna "Bruno Ubertini", Brescia, Italy
| | - Virginia Filipello
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna "Bruno Ubertini", Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Armani
- FishLab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Li Y, Zhang J, Fan JY, Zhong SH, Gu R. Tibetan medicine Bang Jian: a comprehensive review on botanical characterization, traditional use, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1295789. [PMID: 38161696 PMCID: PMC10757618 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1295789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Tibetan medicine Bang Jian refers to a range of botanical drugs within the Gentiana genus. It serves as a prominent traditional Tibetan botanical drug primarily found in the ethnic minority regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. Traditionally, the dried flowers of Bang Jian, known as "Longdanhua" have been employed in Tibetan medicine to address detoxification, pharyngeal relief, acute and chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, lung infections, pulmonary fibrosis, and throat disorders. Surprisingly, there has been no comprehensive review published to date on Tibetan medicine Bang Jian. This passage systematically presents and critically assesses recent advancements in botanical characterization, traditional applications, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and clinical uses of Bang Jian, aiming to provide a scientific foundation for its reasonable use and further exploration. To date, researchers have isolated and identified 92 structurally diverse compounds, with a predominant presence of iridoids, flavonoids, xanthones, and triterpenoids. The crude extracts and metabolites derived from Bang Jian have been found to exhibit a wide range of pharmacological effects, encompassing anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, hepatoprotective properties, and protect the respiratory system. Nevertheless, detailed data on the biological effects, metabolic activities, and mechanistic research concerning active monomer metabolites remain insufficient. Consequently, there is a pressing need for comprehensive and in-depth research to guide rational clinical drug usage and evaluate the medicinal attributes of Bang Jian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin-ya Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shi-hong Zhong
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Chen Y, Wang Y, Ma C, Li Y, Zuo D, Huang X, Tian X, Wang W. Advances in the authentication of collagen products based on DNA technology. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37983141 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2283278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Collagenous products are making their way into consumer markets such as foods, nutraceuticals, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals increasingly. Collagen in a large family of proteins is ubiquitous in metazoan. The most effective way to identify biological samples including collagen is DNA technology indisputably. However, the DNA content of collagen mostly derived from connective tissue is relatively less, and commercial collagen products are usually subjected to some harsh treatments in the production process, which makes DNA damage more serious, thus tracing their origin becomes a huge challenge. At present, DNA enrichment mainly relies on silica based centrifugal columns after extraction by classical phenol chloroform method. For improving the amplification of DNA fragments, small amplicons are designed based on more stable mitochondrial genes, such as cytochrome b gene (cytb). In addition to conventional PCR for DNA amplification, some new PCR techniques have also been developed, such as DNA barcoding techniques, PCR-Southern hybridization and fluorescent PCR. These PCR techniques have their pros and cons, and are mainly used in the identification of gelatin at present. The development of a complete set of DNA authentication is of great significance for the control of collagen products quality and will contribute to sustainable development of collagen industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenwei Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yangshuai Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Doudou Zuo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaojing Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenhang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- RandD Centre of Collagen Products, Xingjia Biotechnology Co. LTD, Tianjin, China
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Boehm JT, Bovee E, Harris SE, Eddins K, Akahoho I, Foster M, Pell SK, Hickerson MJ, Amato G, DeSalle R, Waldman J. The United States dried seahorse trade: A comparison of traditional Chinese medicine and ecommerce-curio markets using molecular identification. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291874. [PMID: 37788253 PMCID: PMC10547177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tens of millions of dried seahorses (genus Hippocampus) are traded annually, and the pressure from this trade along with their life history traits (involved parental care and small migration distances and home ranges) has led to near global population declines. This and other forms of overexploitation have led to all seahorse species being listed in Appendix II under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). The signatory nations of CITES recommended a 10-cm size limit of seahorses to ensure harvested individuals have reached reproductive maturity, and have thus had the chance to produce offspring, to maintain a more sustainable global seahorse fishery. We assessed adherence to CITES recommendations using DNA barcoding and size measurements to compare two prominent U.S. dried seahorse markets: (1) traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and (2) non-medicinal ecommerce and coastal curio (ECC). We also estimated U.S. import abundance from CITES records. Of the nine species identified among all samples (n = 532), eight were found in the TCM trade (n = 168); composed mostly (75%) of the Indo-Pacific species Hippocampus trimaculatus, and Hippocampus spinosissimus, and the Latin American Hippocampus ingens. In contrast, ECC samples (n = 344) included 5 species, primarily juvenile Indo-Pacific Hippocampus kuda (51.5%) and the western Atlantic Hippocampus zosterae (40.7). The majority of TCM samples (85.7%) met the CITES size recommendation, in contrast to 4.8% of ECC samples. These results suggest non-size discriminatory bycatch is the most likely source of imported ECC specimens. In addition, CITES records indicate that approximately 602,275 dried specimens were imported into the U.S. from 2004-2020, but the exact species composition remains unknown as many U.S. imports records list one species or Hippocampus spp. from confiscated shipments due to difficulties in morphological identification and large numbers of individuals per shipment. Molecular identification was used to identify the species composition of confiscated shipment imports containing undesignated species, and similar to TCM, found H. trimaculatus and H. spinosissimus the most abundant. By combining DNA barcoding, size comparisons, and CITES database records, these results provide an important glimpse into the two primary dried U.S. seahorse end-markets, and may further inform the conservation status of several Hippocampus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Boehm
- Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Biology, City College of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
- Subprogram in Ecology, Evolution Biology and Behavior, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Eric Bovee
- School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Stephen E Harris
- Subprogram in Ecology, Evolution Biology and Behavior, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
- School of Natural and Social Science, SUNY Purchase College, Purchase, New York, United States of America
| | - Kathryn Eddins
- The New School, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ishmael Akahoho
- Brooklyn Academy of Science and the Environment High School, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Marcia Foster
- Brooklyn Academy of Science and the Environment High School, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Susan K Pell
- Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Michael J Hickerson
- Department of Biology, City College of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
- Subprogram in Ecology, Evolution Biology and Behavior, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - George Amato
- Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Rob DeSalle
- Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - John Waldman
- Subprogram in Ecology, Evolution Biology and Behavior, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
- Biology Department, Queens College, City University of New York, New York, United States of America
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10
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Venuti I, Ceruso M, Muscariello T, Ambrosio RL, Di Pinto A, Pepe T. Mitochondrial Analysis of Sparidae Species to Detect a New DNA Barcoding Marker for Dentex gibbosus to Utilize against Fraud. Foods 2023; 12:3441. [PMID: 37761149 PMCID: PMC10530232 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dentex gibbosus (Pink dentex) is a fish species of increasing economic interest in the Mediterranean Sea that is consumed both whole and processed. The growing value of this sparid in European markets is responsible for its substitution with fraudulent species. The distinctive morphologic feature of D. gibbosus is the conspicuous hump on the forehead in the older and larger specimens. However, the head is regularly convex in young individuals, requiring high skills and competencies for correct identification. Authentication becomes even more challenging in the case of prepared and processed products. Therefore, the molecular characterization of Pink dentex plays a crucial role in preventing commercial fraud with species substitution. This paper proposes a comparative mitogenome analysis between 19 sparid species of commercial interest as a tool to accurately design species-specific primers targeting a fragment of the NAD2 gene for the identification of D. gibbosus. We successfully detected Pink dentex DNA both using endpoint and real-time PCR. The findings showed the high specificity of the designed primers, demonstrating this a suitable, fast, and cost-effective method that could be used for the unambiguous identification of Pink dentex. This innovative approach for sparid authentication is expected to contribute to seafood traceability, public health assurance, integrity, and the credibility of the seafood industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda Venuti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, n. 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (I.V.); (T.M.); (R.L.A.); (T.P.)
| | - Marina Ceruso
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, n. 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (I.V.); (T.M.); (R.L.A.); (T.P.)
| | - Tiziana Muscariello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, n. 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (I.V.); (T.M.); (R.L.A.); (T.P.)
| | - Rosa Luisa Ambrosio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, n. 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (I.V.); (T.M.); (R.L.A.); (T.P.)
| | - Angela Di Pinto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Prov. le Casamassima, Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy;
| | - Tiziana Pepe
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, n. 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (I.V.); (T.M.); (R.L.A.); (T.P.)
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11
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Filonzi L, Ardenghi A, Rontani PM, Voccia A, Ferrari C, Papa R, Bellin N, Nonnis Marzano F. Molecular Barcoding: A Tool to Guarantee Correct Seafood Labelling and Quality and Preserve the Conservation of Endangered Species. Foods 2023; 12:2420. [PMID: 37372635 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent increase in international fish trade leads to the need for improving the traceability of fishery products. In relation to this, consistent monitoring of the production chain focusing on technological developments, handling, processing and distribution via global networks is necessary. Molecular barcoding has therefore been suggested as the gold standard in seafood species traceability and labelling. This review describes the DNA barcoding methodology for preventing food fraud and adulteration in fish. In particular, attention has been focused on the application of molecular techniques to determine the identity and authenticity of fish products, to discriminate the presence of different species in processed seafood and to characterize raw materials undergoing food industry processes. In this regard, we herein present a large number of studies performed in different countries, showing the most reliable DNA barcodes for species identification based on both mitochondrial (COI, cytb, 16S rDNA and 12S rDNA) and nuclear genes. Results are discussed considering the advantages and disadvantages of the different techniques in relation to different scientific issues. Special regard has been dedicated to a dual approach referring to both the consumer's health and the conservation of threatened species, with a special focus on the feasibility of the different genetic and genomic approaches in relation to both scientific objectives and permissible costs to obtain reliable traceability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Filonzi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Alessia Ardenghi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Pietro Maria Rontani
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Voccia
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Claudio Ferrari
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Riccardo Papa
- Department Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico
| | - Nicolò Bellin
- Department Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico
| | - Francesco Nonnis Marzano
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
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12
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Gorini T, Mezzasalma V, Deligia M, De Mattia F, Campone L, Labra M, Frigerio J. Check Your Shopping Cart: DNA Barcoding and Mini-Barcoding for Food Authentication. Foods 2023; 12:2392. [PMID: 37372604 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular approach of DNA barcoding for the characterization and traceability of food products has come into common use in many European countries. However, it is important to address and solve technical and scientific issues such as the efficiency of the barcode sequences and DNA extraction methods to be able to analyze all the products that the food sector offers. The goal of this study is to collect the most defrauded and common food products and identify better workflows for species identification. A total of 212 specimens were collected in collaboration with 38 companies belonging to 5 different fields: seafood, botanicals, agrifood, spices, and probiotics. For all the typologies of specimens, the most suitable workflow was defined, and three species-specific primer pairs for fish were also designed. Results showed that 21.2% of the analyzed products were defrauded. A total of 88.2% of specimens were correctly identified by DNA barcoding analysis. Botanicals (28.8%) have the highest number of non-conformances, followed by spices (28.5%), agrifood (23.5%), seafood (11.4%), and probiotics (7.7%). DNA barcoding and mini-barcoding are confirmed as fast and reliable methods for ensuring quality and safety in the food field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Gorini
- FEM2-Ambiente, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | | | - Marta Deligia
- Department of Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, University of Turin, Via Verdi 8, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Luca Campone
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Massimo Labra
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Jessica Frigerio
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
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13
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Chatzoglou E, Tsaousi N, Apostolidis AP, Exadactylos A, Sandaltzopoulos R, Giantsis IA, Gkafas GA, Malandrakis EE, Sarantopoulou J, Tokamani M, Triantaphyllidis G, Miliou H. High-Resolution Melting (HRM) Analysis for Rapid Molecular Identification of Sparidae Species in the Greek Fish Market. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1255. [PMID: 37372435 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The red porgy (Pagrus pagrus) and the common dentex (Dentex dentex) are Sparidae species of high commercial value, traded in the Greek market. In some cases, fish species identification from Greek fisheries is difficult for the consumer due to the strong morphological similarities with their imported counterparts or closely related species such as Pagrus major, Pagrus caeroleustictus, Dentex gibbosus and Pagellus erythrinus, especially when specimens are frozen, filleted or cooked. Techniques based on DNA sequencing, such as COI barcoding, accurately identify species substitution incidents; however, they are time consuming and expensive. In this study, regions of mtDNA were analyzed with RFLPs, multiplex PCR and HRM in order to develop a rapid method for species identification within the Sparidae family. HRM analysis of a 113 bp region of cytb and/or a 156 bp region of 16s could discriminate raw or cooked samples of P. pagrus and D. dentex from the aforementioned closely related species and P. pagrus specimens sampled in the Mediterranean Sea when compared to those fished in the eastern Atlantic. HRM analysis exhibited high accuracy and repeatability, revealing incidents of mislabeling. Multiple samples can be analyzed within three hours, rendering this method a useful tool in fish fraud monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evanthia Chatzoglou
- Laboratory of Applied Hydrobiology, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Nefeli Tsaousi
- Laboratory of Applied Hydrobiology, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Apostolos P Apostolidis
- Laboratory of Fish & Fisheries, Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasios Exadactylos
- Hydrobiology-Ichthyology Lab, Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, 38446 Volos, Greece
| | - Raphael Sandaltzopoulos
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Ioannis A Giantsis
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Western Macedonia, 53100 Florina, Greece
| | - Georgios A Gkafas
- Hydrobiology-Ichthyology Lab, Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, 38446 Volos, Greece
| | - Emmanouil E Malandrakis
- Laboratory of Applied Hydrobiology, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Joanne Sarantopoulou
- Hydrobiology-Ichthyology Lab, Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, 38446 Volos, Greece
| | - Maria Tokamani
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - George Triantaphyllidis
- Laboratory of Applied Hydrobiology, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Helen Miliou
- Laboratory of Applied Hydrobiology, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
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14
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PCR-Based Method for Authentication of Meat and Processed Meat from Three Commercially Important Catfish Species. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-023-02475-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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15
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Techniques for Food Authentication: Trends and Emerging Approaches. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061134. [PMID: 36981061 PMCID: PMC10048066 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Food producers and retailers are obliged to provide correct food information to consumers; however, despite national and international legislation, food labels frequently contain false or misleading statements regarding food composition, quality, geographic origin, and/or processing [...]
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16
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An Authentication Survey on Retail Seafood Products Sold on the Bulgarian Market Underlines the Need for Upgrading the Traceability System. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051070. [PMID: 36900583 PMCID: PMC10000581 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Economically motivated or accidental species substitutions lead to economic and potential health damage to consumers with a loss of confidence in the fishery supply chain. In the present study, a three-year survey on 199 retail seafood products sold on the Bulgarian market was addressed to assess: (1) product authenticity by molecular identification; (2) trade name compliance to the list of official trade names accepted in the territory; (3) adherence of the list in force to the market supply. DNA barcoding on mitochondrial and nuclear genes was applied for the identification of whitefish (WF), crustaceans (C) and mollusks (cephalopods-MC; gastropods-MG; bivalves-MB) except for Mytilus sp. products for which the analysis was conducted with a previously validated RFLP PCR protocol. Identification at the species level was obtained for 94.5% of the products. Failures in species allocation were reconducted due to low resolution and reliability or the absence of reference sequences. The study highlighted an overall mislabeling rate of 11%. WF showed the highest mislabeling rate (14%), followed by MB (12.5%), MC (10%) and C (7.9%). This evidence emphasized the use of DNA-based methods as tools for seafood authentication. The presence of non-compliant trade names and the ineffectiveness of the list to describe the market species varieties attested to the need to improve seafood labeling and traceability at the national level.
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17
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Carreiro AR, Ramos JA, Mata V, Almeida NM, Paiva VH, Lopes RJ. DNA sequencing shows that tropical tuna species misidentification can be an underestimated issue in fish landings. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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18
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Lutz Í, Miranda J, Santana P, Martins T, Ferreira C, Sampaio I, Vallinoto M, Gomes GE. Quality analysis of genomic DNA and authentication of fisheries products based on distinct methods of DNA extraction. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282369. [PMID: 36854012 PMCID: PMC9974130 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular genetic techniques are an effective monitoring tool, but high-quality DNA samples are usually required. In this study, we compared three different protocols of DNA extraction: NaCl (saline); phenol-chloroform and commercial kit (Promega)-from three biological tissues of five individuals of Lutjanus purpureus under two methods of storage. The evaluated items included DNA concentration and purity, processing time and cost, as well as the obtaining of functional sequences. The highest average values of DNA concentration were obtained using the saline procedure and the commercial kit. Pure DNA was only obtained using the saline protocol, evaluated by the ratio of 260/280. The saline and phenol-chloroform protocols were the least expensive methods. The commercial kit costs are counterbalanced by the short time required. The procedure based on phenol-chloroform presented the worst results regarding DNA yield and the time required to perform all steps. The saline and commercial kit protocols showed similar results concerning the amount and quality of extracted DNA. Therefore, the final choice should be based on the available financial resources and the available time for carrying out each procedure of DNA extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ítalo Lutz
- Laboratório de Genética Aplicada, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Josy Miranda
- Laboratório de Genética Aplicada, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Paula Santana
- Laboratório de Genética Aplicada, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Thais Martins
- Laboratório de Genética Aplicada, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Charles Ferreira
- Laboratório de Genética Aplicada, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Iracilda Sampaio
- Laboratório de Genética e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Vallinoto
- Laboratório de Evolução, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Grazielle Evangelista Gomes
- Laboratório de Genética Aplicada, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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19
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Ely T, Patten N, Naisbett-Jones LC, Spencer ET, Willette DA, Marko PB. Molecular identification of critically endangered European eels ( Anguilla anguilla) in US retail outlets. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14531. [PMID: 36778145 PMCID: PMC9910185 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The European eel (Anguilla anguilla) has declined by over 90% since the early 1980s and has been listed as critically endangered. Yet, despite strict export bans from the European Union, the European eel is still sold illegally in many countries. Efforts to monitor the trade of European eels have been primarily concentrated in Asian markets where concerningly high rates of European eel have been reported. Comparably fewer studies have assessed the identities of eel samples from the United States (US), despite the obvious implications for eel conservation. To address this knowledge gap, we purchased 137 eel products (134 freshwater eels and three saltwater eels) from grocers, sushi bars, and restaurants in nine states across the US from 2019 to 2021. Seven samples (5.2%) labeled as freshwater eels (or "unagi") were identified as European eels using a combination of mitochondrial (cytochrome b) and nuclear (18S rRNA) restriction digestion assays, a fast and inexpensive molecular tool for seafood identification that can identify hybrids between European eels (A. anguilla) and American eels (A. rostrata). No hybrids between European and American eels were found and all seven samples identified with restriction digestion as European eels were confirmed by sequencing of cytochrome b and 18S rRNA. Frequency of European eels in US markets did not significantly correlate with state or retail type. Although illegal eel exports are likely reaching US consumers, the frequency of European eel samples in this study of the US market is much lower than found in other non-European countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Ely
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawai‘i, United States of America
| | - Nathaniel Patten
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawai‘i, United States of America
| | - Lewis C. Naisbett-Jones
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Erin T. Spencer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Demian A. Willette
- Biology Department, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Peter B. Marko
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawai‘i, United States of America
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20
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Yanjin F, Hanyue X, Xiong X, Ying Y, Libin W, Xiaohui X. Detection of Salmonidae ingredient using mini-DNA barcoding in conjunction with a rapid visual inspection method. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Identification of Fish Species and Targeted Genetic Modifications Based on DNA Analysis: State of the Art. Foods 2023; 12:foods12010228. [PMID: 36613444 PMCID: PMC9818732 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Food adulteration is one of the most serious problems regarding food safety and quality worldwide. Besides misleading consumers, it poses a considerable health risk associated with the potential non-labeled allergen content. Fish and fish products are one of the most expensive and widely traded commodities, which predisposes them to being adulterated. Among all fraud types, replacing high-quality or rare fish with a less valuable species predominates. Because fish differ in their allergen content, specifically the main one, parvalbumin, their replacement can endanger consumers. This underlines the need for reliable, robust control systems for fish species identification. Various methods may be used for the aforementioned purpose. DNA-based methods are favored due to the characteristics of the target molecule, DNA, which is heat resistant, and the fact that through its sequencing, several other traits, including the recognition of genetic modifications, can be determined. Thus, they are considered to be powerful tools for identifying cases of food fraud. In this review, the major DNA-based methods applicable for fish meat and product authentication and their commercial applications are discussed, the possibilities of detecting genetic modifications in fish are evaluated, and future trends are highlighted, emphasizing the need for comprehensive and regularly updated online database resources.
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22
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Xu Y, Koidis A, Tian X, Xu S, Xu X, Wei X, Jiang A, Lei H. Bayesian Fusion Model Enhanced Codfish Classification Using Near Infrared and Raman Spectrum. Foods 2022; 11:foods11244100. [PMID: 36553842 PMCID: PMC9777887 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a Bayesian-based decision fusion technique was developed for the first time to quickly and non-destructively identify codfish using near infrared (NIRS) and Raman spectroscopy (RS). NIRS and RS spectra from 320 codfish samples were collected, and separate partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models were developed to establish the relationship between the raw data and cod identity for each spectral technique. Three decision fusion methods: decision fusion, data layer or feature layer, were tested and compared. The decision fusion model based on the Bayesian algorithm (NIRS-RS-B) was developed on the optimal discrimination features of NIRS and RS data (NIRS-RS) extracted by the PLS-DA method whereas the other fusion models followed conventional, non-Bayesian approaches. The Bayesian model showed enhanced classification metrics (92% sensitivity, 98% specificity, 98% accuracy) that were significantly superior to those demonstrated by any of other two spectroscopic methods (NIRS, RS) and the two data fusion methods (data layer fused, NIRS-RS-D, or feature layer fused, NIRS-RS-F). This novel proposed approach can provide an alternative classification for codfish and potentially other food speciation cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- College of Light Industry and Engineering, Sichuan Technology & Business College, Chengdu 611800, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Anastasios Koidis
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DJ, UK
| | - Xingguo Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Sai Xu
- Public Monitoring Center of Agricultural Products, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoqun Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Aimin Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (A.J.); (H.L.); Tel.: +86-20-8528-0270 (A.J.); +86-20-8528-3925 (H.L.)
| | - Hongtao Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (A.J.); (H.L.); Tel.: +86-20-8528-0270 (A.J.); +86-20-8528-3925 (H.L.)
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23
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Ali A, Kreitlow A, Plötz M, Normanno G, Abdulmawjood A. Development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for rapid and direct screening of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) in commercial fish products. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275452. [PMID: 36223376 PMCID: PMC9555631 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuna is one of the most widely consumed fish on the European market, being available in various consumable options. Among them, Thunnus albacares, also called yellowfin tuna, is a delicacy and is consumed by millions of people around the world. Due to its comparatively high cost and demand, it is more vulnerable to fraud, where low-cost tuna or other fish varieties might be replaced for economic gain. In this study, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was developed and validated for targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene for fast and direct detection of Thunnus albacares, which is a valuable tuna species. The analytical specificity was confirmed using 18 target samples (Thunnus albacares) and 18 samples of non-target fish species. The analytical sensitivity of the LAMP assay was 540 fg DNA per reaction. In addition, a simple and direct swab method without time-consuming nucleic acid extraction procedures and the necessity for cost-intensive laboratory equipment was performed that allowed LAMP detection of Thunnus albacares samples within 13 minutes. Due to its high specificity and sensitivity, the LAMP assay can be used as a rapid and on-site screening method for identifying Thunnus albacares, potentially providing a valuable monitoring tool for food authenticity control by the authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Ali
- Department of Sciences of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE) University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonia Kreitlow
- Institute of Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Madeleine Plötz
- Institute of Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Giovanni Normanno
- Department of Sciences of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE) University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Amir Abdulmawjood
- Institute of Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
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24
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Guo M, Yuan C, Tao L, Cai Y, Zhang W. Life barcoded by DNA barcodes. CONSERV GENET RESOUR 2022; 14:351-365. [PMID: 35991367 PMCID: PMC9377290 DOI: 10.1007/s12686-022-01291-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The modern concept of DNA-based barcoding for cataloguing biodiversity was proposed in 2003 by first adopting an approximately 600 bp fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene to compare via nucleotide alignments with known sequences from specimens previously identified by taxonomists. Other standardized regions meeting barcoding criteria then are also evolving as DNA barcodes for fast, reliable and inexpensive assessment of species composition across all forms of life, including animals, plants, fungi, bacteria and other microorganisms. Consequently, global DNA barcoding campaigns have resulted in the formation of many online workbenches and databases, such as BOLD system, as barcode references, and facilitated the development of mini-barcodes and metabarcoding strategies as important extensions of barcode techniques. Here we intend to give an overview of the characteristics and features of these barcode markers and major reference libraries existing for barcoding the planet’s life, as well as to address the limitations and opportunities of DNA barcodes to an increasingly broader community of science and society.
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25
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Identification and differentiation of Asian seabass and mangrove red snapper fillets by CYTB sequence-based PCR analysis. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01545-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Dawan J, Ahn J. Application of DNA barcoding for ensuring food safety and quality. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:1355-1364. [PMID: 36060568 PMCID: PMC9433498 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01143-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
With increasing international food trade, food quality and safety are high priority worldwide. The consumption of contaminated and adulterated food can cause serious health problems such as infectious diseases and allergies. Therefore, the authentication and traceability systems are needed to improve food safety. The mitochondrial DNA can be used for species authentication of food and food products. Effective DNA barcode markers have been developed to correctly identify species. The US FDA approved to the use of DNA barcoding for various food products. The DNA barcoding technology can be used as a regulatory tool for identification and authenticity. The application of DNA barcoding can reduce the microbiological and toxicological risks associated with the consumption of food and food products. DNA barcoding can be a gold-standard method in food authenticity and fraud detection. This review describes the DNA barcoding method for preventing food fraud and adulteration in meat, fish, and medicinal plants.
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Thongkhao K, Tungphatthong C, Pichetkun V, Gaewtongliam S, Wiwatcharakornkul W, Sukrong S. Combining DNA and HPTLC profiles to differentiate a pain relief herb, Mallotus repandus, from plants sharing the same common name, “Kho-Khlan”. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268680. [PMID: 35679267 PMCID: PMC9200221 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The pain relief formula “Ya Pa Som Kho-Khlan (YPSKK)” or “ยาผสมโคคลาน” in Thai is
officially recorded in the Natural List of Essential Medicines (NLEM) of
Thailand. The main component is Mallotus repandus (Willd.)
Müll. Arg.; however, Anamirta cocculus (L.) Wight & Arn and
Croton caudatus Gleiseler share the same common name:
“Kho-Khlan”. Confused usage of A. cocculus or
C. caudatus can have effects via toxicity
or unsuccessful treatment. This study aimed to combine a high-performance
thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) technique and DNA barcoding coupled with
high-resolution melting (Bar-HRM) to differentiate M.
repandus from the other two species. The
M. repandus extract exhibited a distinct HPTLC
profile that could be used to differentiate it from the others. DNA barcodes of
the rbcL, matK, ITS and
psbA-trnH intergenic spacer regions of all
the plants were established to assist HPTLC analysis. The rbcL
region was selected for Bar-HRM analysis. PCR amplification was performed to
obtain 102 bp amplicons encompassing nine polymorphic nucleotides. The amplicons
were subjected to HRM analysis to obtain melting curve profiles. The melting
temperatures (Tm) of authentic A.
cocculus (A), C. caudatus
(C) and M. repandus (M) were separated at
82.03±0.09°C, 80.93±0.04°C and 80.05±0.07°C, respectively. The protocol was
applied to test crude drugs (CD1-6). The HPTLC profiles of CD2-6 showed distinct
bands of M. repandus, while CD1 showed unclear
band results. The Bar-HRM method was applied to assist the HPTLC and indicated
that CD1 was C. caudatus. While ambiguous
melting curves from the laboratory-made formulae were obtained, HPTLC analysis
helped reveal distinct patterns for the identification of the plant species. The
combination of HPTLC and Bar-HRM analysis could be a tool for confirming the
identities of plant species sharing the same name, especially for those whose
sources are multiple and difficult to identify by either chemical or DNA
techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannika Thongkhao
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chulalongkorn University,
Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Center of Excellence in
DNA Barcoding of Thai Medicinal Plants, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chayapol Tungphatthong
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chulalongkorn University,
Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Center of Excellence in
DNA Barcoding of Thai Medicinal Plants, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vipawee Pichetkun
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chulalongkorn University,
Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Center of Excellence in
DNA Barcoding of Thai Medicinal Plants, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suthathip Gaewtongliam
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chulalongkorn University,
Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Center of Excellence in
DNA Barcoding of Thai Medicinal Plants, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Worakorn Wiwatcharakornkul
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chulalongkorn University,
Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Center of Excellence in
DNA Barcoding of Thai Medicinal Plants, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suchada Sukrong
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chulalongkorn University,
Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Center of Excellence in
DNA Barcoding of Thai Medicinal Plants, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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Discrimination between Wild and Farmed Sea Bass by Using New Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Methods. Foods 2022; 11:foods11121673. [PMID: 35741870 PMCID: PMC9222653 DOI: 10.3390/foods11121673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) is one of the most economically important fish species in the Mediterranean Sea area. Despite strict requirements regarding indications of production method (wild/farmed), incorrect labelling of sea bass is a practice still frequently detected. The aim of this study was to evaluate the capabilities of two techniques, Near-InfraRed (NIR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, to discriminate sea bass according to the production method. Two categories were discriminated based on the docosahexaenoic and arachidonic fatty acid ratio by using a Direct Sample Analysis (DSA) system integrated with a time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. The cut-off value of 3.42, of fatty acid ratio, was able to discriminate between the two types of fish with sensitivity and specificity of 100%. It was possible to classify fish production by using multivariate analysis with portable NIR. The results achieved by the developed validation models suggest that this approach is able to distinguish the two product categories with high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (90%). The results obtained from this study highlight the potential application of two easy, fast, and accurate screening methods to detect fraud in commercial sea bass production.
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Pappalardo AM, Giuga M, Raffa A, Nania M, Rossitto L, Calogero GS, Ferrito V. COIBar-RFLP Molecular Strategy Discriminates Species and Unveils Commercial Frauds in Fishery Products. Foods 2022; 11:foods11111569. [PMID: 35681319 PMCID: PMC9180250 DOI: 10.3390/foods11111569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA analysis is the best approach to authenticate species in seafood products and to unveil frauds based on species substitution. In this study, a molecular strategy coupling Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) DNA barcoding with the consolidated methodology of Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs), named COIBar-RFLP, was applied for searching pattern of restriction enzyme digestion, useful to discriminate seven different fish species (juveniles of Engraulis encrasicolus and Sardina pilchardus sold in Italy as “bianchetto” and Aphia minuta sold as “rossetto”; icefish Neosalanx tangkahkeii; European perch, Perca fluviatilis and the Nile Perch, Lates niloticus; striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). A total of 30 fresh and frozen samples were processed for DNA barcoding, analyzed against a barcode library of COI sequences retrieved from GenBank, and validated for COIBar–RFLP analysis. Cases of misdescription were detected: 3 samples labeled as “bianchetto” were substituted by N. tangkahkeii (2 samples) and A. minuta (1 sample); 3 samples labeled as “persico reale” (P. fluviatilis) were substituted by L. niloticus and P. hypophthalmus. All species were simultaneously discriminated through the restriction pattern obtained with MspI enzyme. The results highlighted that the COIBar-RFLP could be an effective tool to authenticate fish in seafood products by responding to the emerging interest in molecular identification technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Pappalardo
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology “M. La Greca”, University of Catania, Via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy; (A.M.P.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (M.N.); (L.R.); (G.S.C.)
| | - Marta Giuga
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology “M. La Greca”, University of Catania, Via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy; (A.M.P.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (M.N.); (L.R.); (G.S.C.)
- Institute for the Study of Antropic Impact and Sustainability in the Marine Environment, IAS-CNR, 91021 Trapani, Italy
| | - Alessandra Raffa
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology “M. La Greca”, University of Catania, Via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy; (A.M.P.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (M.N.); (L.R.); (G.S.C.)
| | - Marco Nania
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology “M. La Greca”, University of Catania, Via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy; (A.M.P.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (M.N.); (L.R.); (G.S.C.)
| | - Luana Rossitto
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology “M. La Greca”, University of Catania, Via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy; (A.M.P.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (M.N.); (L.R.); (G.S.C.)
| | - Giada Santa Calogero
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology “M. La Greca”, University of Catania, Via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy; (A.M.P.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (M.N.); (L.R.); (G.S.C.)
| | - Venera Ferrito
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology “M. La Greca”, University of Catania, Via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy; (A.M.P.); (M.G.); (A.R.); (M.N.); (L.R.); (G.S.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-095-730-6030
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30
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Liu B, Yang JW, Liu BS, Zhang N, Guo L, Guo HY, Zhang DC. Detection and identification of marine fish mislabeling in Guangzhou's supermarkets and sushi restaurants using DNA barcoding. J Food Sci 2022; 87:2440-2449. [PMID: 35438192 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, DNA barcoding was applied to identify the distinct species of fish products in Guangzhou supermarkets and sushi restaurants in order to confirm whether products were correctly labeled. Samples were analyzed using mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (CO I) gene as the target. Our results showed that the CO I gene of all 139 samples examined was successfully amplified by PCR. When sequenced, 30 samples (21.58%) were mislabeled as the wrong species, 11 samples had insufficient information provided on the label to determine if the labeling was correct (7.91%), and four samples failed sequencing (2.88%). We also found that the use of proper labels for fish products in sushi restaurants was higher than that in supermarkets. As a simple, rapid, and efficient technology, DNA barcoding can be widely used for species identification of fish products. Our work shows that regulation of the labeling of fish products, as we evaluated in Guangzhou and other markets in China, is needed on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Wen Yang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bao-Suo Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Yang Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dian-Chang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China.,School of Life Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.,Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya, China
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Mafra I, Honrado M, Amaral JS. Animal Species Authentication in Dairy Products. Foods 2022; 11:foods11081124. [PMID: 35454711 PMCID: PMC9027536 DOI: 10.3390/foods11081124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk is one of the most important nutritious foods, widely consumed worldwide, either in its natural form or via dairy products. Currently, several economic, health and ethical issues emphasize the need for a more frequent and rigorous quality control of dairy products and the importance of detecting adulterations in these products. For this reason, several conventional and advanced techniques have been proposed, aiming at detecting and quantifying eventual adulterations, preferentially in a rapid, cost-effective, easy to implement, sensitive and specific way. They have relied mostly on electrophoretic, chromatographic and immunoenzymatic techniques. More recently, mass spectrometry, spectroscopic methods (near infrared (NIR), mid infrared (MIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and front face fluorescence coupled to chemometrics), DNA analysis (real-time PCR, high-resolution melting analysis, next generation sequencing and droplet digital PCR) and biosensors have been advanced as innovative tools for dairy product authentication. Milk substitution from high-valued species with lower-cost bovine milk is one of the most frequent adulteration practices. Therefore, this review intends to describe the most relevant developments regarding the current and advanced analytical methodologies applied to species authentication of milk and dairy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Mafra
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (J.S.A.)
| | - Mónica Honrado
- CIMO, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal;
| | - Joana S. Amaral
- CIMO, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (J.S.A.)
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32
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Replicating nature's fabric: High information markets and the sustainability of global seafood. FOOD WEBS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2022.e00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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33
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Mislabelled frozen fish fillets in the Klang Valley in Malaysia and its potential impact on consumers. J Verbrauch Lebensm 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00003-022-01373-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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34
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Seafood Processing, Preservation, and Analytical Techniques in the Age of Industry 4.0. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fish and other seafood products are essential dietary components that are highly appreciated and consumed worldwide. However, the high perishability of these products has driven the development of a wide range of processing, preservation, and analytical techniques. This development has been accelerated in recent years with the advent of the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) technologies, digitally transforming almost every industry, including the food and seafood industry. The purpose of this review paper is to provide an updated overview of recent thermal and nonthermal processing and preservation technologies, as well as advanced analytical techniques used in the seafood industry. A special focus will be given to the role of different Industry 4.0 technologies to achieve smart seafood manufacturing, with high automation and digitalization. The literature discussed in this work showed that emerging technologies (e.g., ohmic heating, pulsed electric field, high pressure processing, nanotechnology, advanced mass spectrometry and spectroscopic techniques, and hyperspectral imaging sensors) are key elements in industrial revolutions not only in the seafood industry but also in all food industry sectors. More research is still needed to explore how to harness the Industry 4.0 innovations in order to achieve a green transition toward more profitable and sustainable food production systems.
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35
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Mottola A, Piredda R, Catanese G, Lorusso L, Ciccarese G, Di Pinto A. Species authentication of canned mackerel: Challenges in molecular identification and potential drivers of mislabelling. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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36
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MOHAMMED-GEBA KHALED, ABBAS EMANM, AHMED HAMDYO, SHALABI MOHAMMEDA, HAMED ELSAYEDAE, RAZEK FATMAAABDEL, SOLIMAN TAHA. Comparing genetic markers’ efficiencies for discrimination between two commercially important holothuroids in the Mediterranean Sea, Holothuria polii and Holothuria sanctori. Zootaxa 2022; 5092:559-575. [DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5092.5.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Sea cucumber (bêche-de-mer, Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) is one of the top internationally traded seafood varieties. Besides its direct nutritional benefits, it is continuously used in the traditional medicine in different areas and cultures in the world. This world-wide interest triggered various issues related to stocks´ declining and risks of species extinction. For these reasons, the current study was designed to provide molecular tools for accurate discrimination between two sea cucumber species that prevail the Mediterranean of these echinoderms in Egypt, that are Holothuria polii and H. sanctori. The power of three gene markers, i.e., 16S rDNA, 28S rDNA, and Histone H3 in achieving accurate DNA-based identification, as well as elucidating clear phylogenetic and genetic diversity differences between those two species was assessed. Among the three genes, 16S rDNA showed the highest potentials as genetic and phylogenetic species discrimination marker. Both 28S rDNA and H3 exhibited the least number of holothuroid reference sequences in the GenBank database. For genetic diversity within each species population, 16S rDNA exhibited the best potentials, followed by H3. 28S rDNA showed no genetic polymorphism at all. Moreover, the collective data of both H3 and 16S rDNA suggested a possible role of asexual reproduction behavior in H. sanctori in the reduction of genetic diversity, as a possible response to overfishing. Hence, the current research can recommend the simultaneous application of both 16S rDNA and H3 as accurate markers for genetic discrimination among H. polii, H. sanctori and other different holothuroid species.
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Li Q, Cheng Y, Xu W, Cui X, Cao M, Xiong X, Wang L, Xiong X. Rapid identification of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) using self-quenching fluorogenic approach. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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38
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Identification of Mammalian and Poultry Species in Food and Pet Food Samples Using 16S rDNA Metabarcoding. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112875. [PMID: 34829156 PMCID: PMC8620145 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The substitution of more appreciated animal species by animal species of lower commercial value is a common type of meat product adulteration. DNA metabarcoding, the combination of DNA barcoding with next-generation sequencing (NGS), plays an increasing role in food authentication. In the present study, we investigated the applicability of a DNA metabarcoding method for routine analysis of mammalian and poultry species in food and pet food products. We analyzed a total of 104 samples (25 reference samples, 56 food products and 23 pet food products) by DNA metabarcoding and by using a commercial DNA array and/or by real-time PCR. The qualitative and quantitative results obtained by the DNA metabarcoding method were in line with those obtained by PCR. Results from the independent analysis of a subset of seven reference samples in two laboratories demonstrate the robustness and reproducibility of the DNA metabarcoding method. DNA metabarcoding is particularly suitable for detecting unexpected species ignored by targeted methods such as real-time PCR and can also be an attractive alternative with respect to the expenses as indicated by current data from the cost accounting of the AGES laboratory. Our results for the commercial samples show that in addition to food products, DNA metabarcoding is particularly applicable to pet food products, which frequently contain multiple animal species and are also highly prone to adulteration as indicated by the high portion of analyzed pet food products containing undeclared species.
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Lee HT, Liao CH, Hsu TH. Environmental DNA (eDNA) Metabarcoding in the Fish Market and Nearby Seafood Restaurants in Taiwan Reveals the Underestimation of Fish Species Diversity in Seafood. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:1132. [PMID: 34827127 PMCID: PMC8614924 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Seafood, especially the traditional one in Taiwan, is rarely sourced from a fixed species and routinely from similar species depending on their availability. Hence, the species composition of seafood can be complicated. While a DNA-based approach has been routinely utilized for species identification, a large scale of seafood identification in fish markets and restaurants could be challenging (e.g., elevated cost and time-consuming only for a limited number of species identification). In the present study, we aimed to identify the majority of fish species potentially consumed in fish markets and nearby seafood restaurants using environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding. Four eDNA samplings from a local fish market and nearby seafood restaurants were conducted using Sterivex cartridges. Nineteen universal primers previously validated for fish species identification were utilized to amplify the fragments of mitochondrial DNA (12S, COI, ND5) of species in eDNA samples and sequenced with NovaSeq 6000 sequencing. A total of 153 fish species have been identified based on 417 fish related operational taxonomic units (OTUs) generated from 50,534,995 reads. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) further showed the differences in fish species between the sampling times and sampling sites. Of these fish species, 22 chondrichthyan fish, 14 Anguilliformes species, and 15 Serranidae species were respectively associated with smoked sharks, braised moray eels, and grouper fish soups. To our best knowledge, this work represents the first study to demonstrate the feasibility of a large scale of seafood identification using eDNA metabarcoding approach. Our findings also imply the species diversity in traditional seafood might be seriously underestimated and crucial for the conservation and management of marine resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Tai Lee
- Department of Environmental Biology and Fisheries Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan; (H.-T.L.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Cheng-Hsin Liao
- Department of Environmental Biology and Fisheries Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan; (H.-T.L.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Te-Hua Hsu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
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40
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Product Authentication Using Two Mitochondrial Markers Reveals Inconsistent Labeling and Substitution of Canned Tuna Products in the Taiwanese Market. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112655. [PMID: 34828936 PMCID: PMC8623642 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish of the tribe Thunnini represent a significant proportion of the stock caught by the fishing industry, with many of these fishes being collectively called tuna. However, only certain species can be used legally as an ingredient in canned tuna products, depending on regional food regulations. In Taiwan, only Thunnus species or Katsuwonus pelamis can be used as canned tuna. Here, we authenticated 90 canned tuna products, including 25 cat food samples, by sequencing two mitochondrial regions, 16S rRNA (16S) and the control region (CR). BLAST analysis revealed that Sarda orientalis, Euthynnus affinis, Auxis rochei, and Auxis thazard are all used as substitutes for legitimate tuna products. We found that 63.33% of investigated samples are true canned tuna, i.e., contain Thunnus species or skipjack tuna. We advocate that the Taiwanese government publishes an official standardized list of fishes, especially so that scientific, Chinese and vernacular names can be assigned unambiguously based on a “one species-one name policy”, thereby clarifying which species can be used in seafood products such as tuna. Furthermore, we feel that the large-scale and long-term monitoring of canned tuna products is warranted to fully assess the extent of tuna product adulteration in Taiwan.
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A Multiplex PCR Assay Combined with Capillary Electrophoresis for the Simultaneous Identification of Atlantic Cod, Pacific Cod, Blue Whiting, Haddock, and Alaska Pollock. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112631. [PMID: 34828912 PMCID: PMC8618353 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
With an increased consumption of seafood products, food fraud with fish resources has been continuously reported. In particular, codfish has been exploited worldwide as a processed product in fresh, frozen, smoked, canned, or ready-to-eat dish forms. However, it is challenging to identify processed fish products after processing because of their similar morphological characteristics. Substitution and mislabeling of codfish among different species are also happening deliberately or unintentionally. Thus, it is necessary to distinguish cod species to prevent fish adulteration and food fraud. In this study, we developed a multiplex PCR for simultaneously identifying five cod species within Gadidae using capillary electrophoresis. Then, their species-specific primer sets were designed by targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Subsequently, the amplicon sizes obtained were 237 bp, 204 bp, 164 bp, 138 bp, and 98 bp for Atlantic cod, Pacific cod, blue whiting, haddock, and Alaska pollock, respectively. The specificity of each primer was further tested using 19 fish species, and no cross-reactivity was observed. The limit of detection of this multiplex PCR assay was 1 pg. The developed multiplex PCR assay can be applied to 40 commercial food products successfully. This detection method will be efficient for managing seafood authentication by simultaneously analyzing multiple cod species.
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Development of a DNA Metabarcoding Method for the Identification of Bivalve Species in Seafood Products. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112618. [PMID: 34828894 PMCID: PMC8617786 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of bivalve species has been increasing in the last decades. In spite of strict requirements for species declaration, incorrect labelling of bivalve products has repeatedly been detected. We present a DNA metabarcoding method allowing the identification of bivalve species belonging to the bivalve families Mytilidae (mussels), Pectinidae (scallops), and Ostreidae (oysters) in foodstuffs. The method, developed on Illumina instruments, targets a 150 bp fragment of mitochondrial 16S rDNA. We designed seven primers (three primers for mussel species, two primers for scallop species and a primer pair for oyster species) and combined them in a triplex PCR assay. In each of eleven reference samples, the bivalve species was identified correctly. In ten DNA extract mixtures, not only the main component (97.0-98.0%) but also the minor components (0.5-1.5%) were detected correctly, with only a few exceptions. The DNA metabarcoding method was found to be applicable to complex and processed foodstuffs, allowing the identification of bivalves in, e.g., marinated form, in sauces, in seafood mixes and even in instant noodle seafood. The method is highly suitable for food authentication in routine analysis, in particular in combination with a DNA metabarcoding method for mammalian and poultry species published recently.
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Development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for rapid screening of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) in processed fish products. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Wang N, Xing RR, Zhou MY, Sun RX, Han JX, Zhang JK, Zheng WJ, Chen Y. Application of DNA barcoding and metabarcoding for species identification in salmon products. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 38:754-768. [PMID: 33783328 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1869324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mislabelling is a significant manifestation of food fraud. Traditional Sanger sequencing technology is the gold standard for seafood species identification. However, this method is not suitable for analysing processed samples that may contain more than one species. This study tested the feasibility of next-generation sequencing in identifying mixed salmon products. Salmon samples containing up to eight species were amplified using 16S rRNA mini-barcode primers, and sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq2500 platform. All species were accurately identified, and mixtures as low as 1% (w/w) could be detected. Furthermore, this study conducted a market survey of 32 products labelled as salmon. For pure and mixed fish products, Sanger and next-generation sequencing techniques were respectively used for species identification, and for NGS results, we also used real-time PCR method to cross-validate the mixed products to further verify the accuracy of the DNA metabarcoding technology established in this study. DNA barcoding and metabarcoding of commercial salmon food products revealed the presence of mislabelling in 16 of 32 (50%) samples. The developed DNA barcoding and metabarcoding methods are useful for the identification of salmon species in food and can be used for quality control of various types of salmon products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Agro-product Safety Research Center, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Ran-Ran Xing
- Agro-product Safety Research Center, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Yue Zhou
- Agro-product Safety Research Center, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China.,College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui-Xue Sun
- Agro-product Safety Research Center, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China.,College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Xun Han
- Agro-product Safety Research Center, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiu-Kai Zhang
- Agro-product Safety Research Center, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Agro-product Safety Research Center, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
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Nehal N, Choudhary B, Nagpure A, Gupta RK. DNA barcoding: a modern age tool for detection of adulteration in food. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 41:767-791. [PMID: 33530758 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1874279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Globalization of the food trade requires precise and exact information about the origin, methods of production, transformation technologies, authentication, and the traceability of foodstuffs. New challenges in food supply chains such as deliberate fraudulent substitution, tampering or mislabeling of food and its ingredients or food packaging incapacitates the market and eventually the national economy. Currently, no proper standards have been established for the authentication of most of the food materials. However, in order to control food fraud, various robust and cost-effective technologies have been employed, like a spectrophotometer, GC-MS, HPLC, and DNA barcoding. Among these techniques, DNA barcoding is a biotechnology advantage with the principle of using 400-800 bp long standardized unique DNA sequences of mitochondrial (e.g. COI) or plastidial (e.g. rbcL) of nuclear origin (e.g. ITS) to analyze and classify the food commodities. This review covers several traded food commodities like legumes, seafood, oils, herbal products, spices, fruits, cereals, meat, and their unique barcodes which are critically analyzed to detect adulteration or fraud. DNA barcoding is a global initiative and it is being accepted as a global standard/marker for species identification or authentication. The research laboratories and industries should collaborate to realize its potential in setting standards for quality assurance, quality control, and food safety for different food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazish Nehal
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Dwarka, India
| | - Bharti Choudhary
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravi Shankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
| | - Anand Nagpure
- Biology Division, State Forensic Science Laboratory, Bhopal, India
| | - Rajinder K Gupta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
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46
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Chen C, Ding Y, Wang Y, Jiang Q, Wang F, Lu C, Zhang L, Zhu C. High-Resolution Melting Analysis of COI Sequences Distinguishes Pufferfish Species ( Takifugu spp.) in China. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:794-804. [PMID: 33401907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pufferfish is a traditional, delicious dish in Asia. However, eating wild or improperly processed pufferfish causes serious poisoning. This study aimed to exploit the high-resolution melting (HRM) method for authenticating four species of Takifugu pufferfish (Takifugu xanthopterus, T. fasciatus, T. flavidus, and T. rubripes). Candidate DNA barcodes, including the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), cytochrome oxidase b (Cytb), and the control region (D-loop), were analyzed, with COI selected as the optimal DNA barcode. An HRM method was developed to identify 57 commercial fish samples in China, including 33 commercial pufferfish products and 24 unlabeled fish products. The findings revealed that the pufferfish products were T. rubripes or T. fasciatus, and four T. xanthopterus samples were detected in unlabeled fish products. These results showed that DNA barcode coupled with HRM analysis was a rapid and efficient tool to identify pufferfish, which might aid in the prevention of consumer fraud or mislabeling of fish products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengtong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yanfei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Hangzhou Neoline Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310004, China
| | - Qiong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Feijuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Chenze Lu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Leilei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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Amaral JS. Target and Non-Target Approaches for Food Authenticity and Traceability. Foods 2021; 10:foods10010172. [PMID: 33467007 PMCID: PMC7830973 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joana S. Amaral
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Sta. Apolónia, 5301-857 Bragança, Portugal; ; Tel.: +351-273-383-138
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Machine Learning Approaches Applied to GC-FID Fatty Acid Profiles to Discriminate Wild from Farmed Salmon. Foods 2020; 9:foods9111622. [PMID: 33171721 PMCID: PMC7695029 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, there has been an increasing demand for wild-captured fish, which attains higher prices compared to farmed species, thus being prone to mislabeling practices. In this work, fatty acid composition coupled to advanced chemometrics was used to discriminate wild from farmed salmon. The lipids extracted from salmon muscles of different production methods and origins (26 wild from Canada, 25 farmed from Canada, 24 farmed from Chile and 25 farmed from Norway) were analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). All the tested chemometric approaches, namely principal components analysis (PCA), t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) and seven machine learning classifiers, namely k-nearest neighbors (kNN), decision tree, support vector machine (SVM), random forest, artificial neural networks (ANN), naïve Bayes and AdaBoost, allowed for differentiation between farmed and wild salmons using the 17 features obtained from chemical analysis. PCA did not allow clear distinguishing between salmon geographical origin since farmed samples from Canada and Chile overlapped. Nevertheless, using the 17 features in the models, six out of the seven tested machine learning classifiers allowed a classification accuracy of ≥99%, with ANN, naïve Bayes, random forest, SVM and kNN presenting 100% accuracy on the test dataset. The classification models were also assayed using only the best features selected by a reduction algorithm and the best input features mapped by t-SNE. The classifier kNN provided the best discrimination results because it correctly classified all samples according to production method and origin, ultimately using only the three most important features (16:0, 18:2n6c and 20:3n3 + 20:4n6). In general, the classifiers presented good generalization with the herein proposed approach being simple and presenting the advantage of requiring only common equipment existing in most labs.
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