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Loeck M, Placci M, Muro S. Effect of acid sphingomyelinase deficiency in type A Niemann-Pick disease on the transport of therapeutic nanocarriers across the blood-brain barrier. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:3077-3093. [PMID: 37341882 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01374-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
ASM deficiency in Niemann-Pick disease type A results in aberrant cellular accumulation of sphingomyelin, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and early death. There is no available treatment because enzyme replacement therapy cannot surmount the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Nanocarriers (NCs) targeted across the BBB via transcytosis might help; yet, whether ASM deficiency alters transcytosis remains poorly characterized. We investigated this using model NCs targeted to intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), transferrin receptor (TfR), or plasmalemma vesicle-associated protein-1 (PV1) in ASM-normal vs. ASM-deficient BBB models. Disease differentially changed the expression of all three targets, with ICAM-1 becoming the highest. Apical binding and uptake of anti-TfR NCs and anti-PV1 NCs were unaffected by disease, while anti-ICAM-1 NCs had increased apical binding and decreased uptake rate, resulting in unchanged intracellular NCs. Additionally, anti-ICAM-1 NCs underwent basolateral reuptake after transcytosis, whose rate was decreased by disease, as for apical uptake. Consequently, disease increased the effective transcytosis rate for anti-ICAM-1 NCs. Increased transcytosis was also observed for anti-PV1 NCs, while anti-TfR NCs remained unaffected. A fraction of each formulation trafficked to endothelial lysosomes. This was decreased in disease for anti-ICAM-1 NCs and anti-PV1 NCs, agreeing with opposite transcytosis changes, while it increased for anti-TfR NCs. Overall, these variations in receptor expression and NC transport resulted in anti-ICAM-1 NCs displaying the highest absolute transcytosis in the disease condition. Furthermore, these results revealed that ASM deficiency can differently alter these processes depending on the particular target, for which this type of study is key to guide the design of therapeutic NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Loeck
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Placci
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Muro
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institution of Catalonia for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
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2
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Onishchenko NR, Moskovtsev AA, Kobanenko MK, Tretiakova DS, Alekseeva AS, Kolesov DV, Mikryukova AA, Boldyrev IA, Kapkaeva MR, Shcheglovitova ON, Bovin NV, Kubatiev AA, Tikhonova OV, Vodovozova EL. Protein Corona Attenuates the Targeting of Antitumor Sialyl Lewis X-Decorated Liposomes to Vascular Endothelial Cells under Flow Conditions. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1754. [PMID: 37376203 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we showed in the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) model that a liposome formulation of melphalan lipophilic prodrug (MlphDG) decorated with selectin ligand tetrasaccharide Sialyl Lewis X (SiaLeX) undergoes specific uptake by activated cells and in an in vivo tumor model causes a severe antivascular effect. Here, we cultured HUVECs in a microfluidic chip and then applied the liposome formulations to study their interactions with the cells in situ under hydrodynamic conditions close to capillary blood flow using confocal fluorescent microscopy. The incorporation of 5 to 10% SiaLeX conjugate in the bilayer of MlphDG liposomes increased their consumption exclusively by activated endotheliocytes. The increase of serum concentration from 20 to 100% in the flow resulted in lower liposome uptake by the cells. To elucidate the possible roles of plasma proteins in the liposome-cell interactions, liposome protein coronas were isolated and analyzed by shotgun proteomics and immunoblotting of selected proteins. Proteomic analysis showed that a gradual increase in SiaLeX content correlated with the overall enrichment of the liposome-associated proteins with several apolipoproteins, including the most positively charged one, ApoC1, and serum amyloid A4, associated with inflammation, on the one hand, and a decrease in the content of bound immunoglobulins, on the other. The article discusses the potential interference of the proteins in the binding of liposomes to selectins of endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia R Onishchenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A Moskovtsev
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Baltiyskaya 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria K Kobanenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria S Tretiakova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna S Alekseeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Kolesov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Baltiyskaya 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna A Mikryukova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Baltiyskaya 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan A Boldyrev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina R Kapkaeva
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, ul. Gamaleya 18, 123098 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga N Shcheglovitova
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, ul. Gamaleya 18, 123098 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nicolai V Bovin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aslan A Kubatiev
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Baltiyskaya 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga V Tikhonova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, ul. Pogodinskaya 10, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena L Vodovozova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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3
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Placci M, Giannotti MI, Muro S. Polymer-based drug delivery systems under investigation for enzyme replacement and other therapies of lysosomal storage disorders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 197:114683. [PMID: 36657645 PMCID: PMC10629597 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomes play a central role in cellular homeostasis and alterations in this compartment associate with many diseases. The most studied example is that of lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), a group of 60 + maladies due to genetic mutations affecting lysosomal components, mostly enzymes. This leads to aberrant intracellular storage of macromolecules, altering normal cell function and causing multiorgan syndromes, often fatal within the first years of life. Several treatment modalities are available for a dozen LSDs, mostly consisting of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) strategies. Yet, poor biodistribution to main targets such as the central nervous system, musculoskeletal tissue, and others, as well as generation of blocking antibodies and adverse effects hinder effective LSD treatment. Drug delivery systems are being studied to surmount these obstacles, including polymeric constructs and nanoparticles that constitute the focus of this article. We provide an overview of the formulations being tested, the diseases they aim to treat, and the results observed from respective in vitro and in vivo studies. We also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these strategies, the remaining gaps of knowledge regarding their performance, and important items to consider for their clinical translation. Overall, polymeric nanoconstructs hold considerable promise to advance treatment for LSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Placci
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Marina I Giannotti
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain; CIBER-BBN, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Materials Science and Physical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Silvia Muro
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain; Institute of Catalonia for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona 08010, Spain; Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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4
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Li YX, Wang HB, Li J, Jin JB, Hu JB, Yang CL. Targeting pulmonary vascular endothelial cells for the treatment of respiratory diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:983816. [PMID: 36110525 PMCID: PMC9468609 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.983816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (VECs) are the main damaged cells in the pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases and they mediate the development and regulation of the diseases. Effective intervention targeting pulmonary VECs is of great significance for the treatment of respiratory diseases. A variety of cell markers are expressed on the surface of VECs, some of which can be specifically combined with the drugs or carriers modified by corresponding ligands such as ICAM-1, PECAM-1, and P-selectin, to achieve effective delivery of drugs in lung tissues. In addition, the great endothelial surface area of the pulmonary vessels, the “first pass effect” of venous blood in lung tissues, and the high volume and relatively slow blood perfusion rate of pulmonary capillaries further promote the drug distribution in lung tissues. This review summarizes the representative markers at the onset of respiratory diseases, drug delivery systems designed to target these markers and their therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xuan Li
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hong-Bo Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yuyao People’s Hospital, Yuyao, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Yuyao People’s Hospital, Yuyao, China
| | - Jian-Bo Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, Yuyao People’s Hospital, Yuyao, China
| | - Jing-Bo Hu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Jing-Bo Hu, ; Chun-Lin Yang,
| | - Chun-Lin Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yuyao People’s Hospital, Yuyao, China
- *Correspondence: Jing-Bo Hu, ; Chun-Lin Yang,
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Muntimadugu E, Silva-Abreu M, Vives G, Loeck M, Pham V, del Moral M, Solomon M, Muro S. Comparison between Nanoparticle Encapsulation and Surface Loading for Lysosomal Enzyme Replacement Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23074034. [PMID: 35409394 PMCID: PMC8999373 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) enhance the delivery of therapeutic enzymes for replacement therapy of lysosomal storage disorders. Previous studies examined NPs encapsulating or coated with enzymes, but these formulations have never been compared. We examined this using hyaluronidase (HAse), deficient in mucopolysaccharidosis IX, and acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), deficient in types A−B Niemann−Pick disease. Initial screening of size, PDI, ζ potential, and loading resulted in the selection of the Lactel II co-polymer vs. Lactel I or Resomer, and Pluronic F68 surfactant vs. PVA or DMAB. Enzyme input and addition of carrier protein were evaluated, rendering NPs having, e.g., 181 nm diameter, 0.15 PDI, −36 mV ζ potential, and 538 HAse molecules encapsulated per NP. Similar NPs were coated with enzyme, which reduced loading (e.g., 292 HAse molecules/NP). NPs were coated with targeting antibodies (> 122 molecules/NP), lyophilized for storage without alterations, and acceptably stable at physiological conditions. NPs were internalized, trafficked to lysosomes, released active enzyme at lysosomal conditions, and targeted both peripheral organs and the brain after i.v. administration in mice. While both formulations enhanced enzyme delivery compared to free enzyme, encapsulating NPs surpassed coated counterparts (18.4- vs. 4.3-fold enhancement in cells and 6.2- vs. 3-fold enhancement in brains), providing guidance for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eameema Muntimadugu
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (E.M.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Marcelle Silva-Abreu
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.S.-A.); (G.V.); (M.L.); (M.d.M.)
| | - Guillem Vives
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.S.-A.); (G.V.); (M.L.); (M.d.M.)
| | - Maximilian Loeck
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.S.-A.); (G.V.); (M.L.); (M.d.M.)
| | - Vy Pham
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (E.M.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Maria del Moral
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.S.-A.); (G.V.); (M.L.); (M.d.M.)
| | - Melani Solomon
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (E.M.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Silvia Muro
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (E.M.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.S.-A.); (G.V.); (M.L.); (M.d.M.)
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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6
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Li L, Liu S, Tan J, Wei L, Wu D, Gao S, Weng Y, Chen J. Recent advance in treatment of atherosclerosis: Key targets and plaque-positioned delivery strategies. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221088509. [PMID: 35356091 PMCID: PMC8958685 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221088509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of vascular wall, is a progressive pathophysiological process with lipids oxidation/depositing initiation and innate/adaptive immune responses. The coordination of multi systems covering oxidative stress, dysfunctional endothelium, diseased lipid uptake, cell apoptosis, thrombotic and pro-inflammatory responding as well as switched SMCs contributes to plaque growth. In this circumstance, inevitably, targeting these processes is considered to be effective for treating atherosclerosis. Arriving, retention and working of payload candidates mediated by targets in lesion direct ultimate therapeutic outcomes. Accumulating a series of scientific studies and clinical practice in the past decades, lesion homing delivery strategies including stent/balloon/nanoparticle-based transportation worked as the potent promotor to ensure a therapeutic effect. The objective of this review is to achieve a very brief summary about the effective therapeutic methods cooperating specifical targets and positioning-delivery strategies in atherosclerosis for better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Sainan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jianying Tan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Lai Wei
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Dimeng Wu
- Chengdu Daxan Innovative Medical Tech. Co., Ltd., Chengdu, PR China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Chengdu Daxan Innovative Medical Tech. Co., Ltd., Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yajun Weng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Junying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, PR China
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7
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Plasmolipin regulates basolateral-to-apical transcytosis of ICAM-1 and leukocyte adhesion in polarized hepatic epithelial cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:61. [PMID: 34999972 PMCID: PMC8743267 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Apical localization of Intercellular Adhesion Receptor (ICAM)-1 regulates the adhesion and guidance of leukocytes across polarized epithelial barriers. Here, we investigate the molecular mechanisms that determine ICAM-1 localization into apical membrane domains of polarized hepatic epithelial cells, and their effect on lymphocyte-hepatic epithelial cell interaction. We had previously shown that segregation of ICAM-1 into apical membrane domains, which form bile canaliculi and bile ducts in hepatic epithelial cells, requires basolateral-to-apical transcytosis. Searching for protein machinery potentially involved in ICAM-1 polarization we found that the SNARE-associated protein plasmolipin (PLLP) is expressed in the subapical compartment of hepatic epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo. BioID analysis of ICAM-1 revealed proximal interaction between this adhesion receptor and PLLP. ICAM-1 colocalized and interacted with PLLP during the transcytosis of the receptor. PLLP gene editing and silencing increased the basolateral localization and reduced the apical confinement of ICAM-1 without affecting apicobasal polarity of hepatic epithelial cells, indicating that ICAM-1 transcytosis is specifically impaired in the absence of PLLP. Importantly, PLLP depletion was sufficient to increase T-cell adhesion to hepatic epithelial cells. Such an increase depended on the epithelial cell polarity and ICAM-1 expression, showing that the epithelial transcytotic machinery regulates the adhesion of lymphocytes to polarized epithelial cells. Our findings strongly suggest that the polarized intracellular transport of adhesion receptors constitutes a new regulatory layer of the epithelial inflammatory response.
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8
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Ju Y, Guo H, Edman M, Hamm-Alvarez SF. Application of advances in endocytosis and membrane trafficking to drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 157:118-141. [PMID: 32758615 PMCID: PMC7853512 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multidisciplinary research efforts in the field of drug delivery have led to the development of a variety of drug delivery systems (DDS) designed for site-specific delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic agents. Since efficient uptake of drug carriers into target cells is central to effective drug delivery, a comprehensive understanding of the biological pathways for cellular internalization of DDS can facilitate the development of DDS capable of precise tissue targeting and enhanced therapeutic outcomes. Diverse methods have been applied to study the internalization mechanisms responsible for endocytotic uptake of extracellular materials, which are also the principal pathways exploited by many DDS. Chemical inhibitors remain the most commonly used method to explore endocytotic internalization mechanisms, although genetic methods are increasingly accessible and may constitute more specific approaches. This review highlights the molecular basis of internalization pathways most relevant to internalization of DDS, and the principal methods used to study each route. This review also showcases examples of DDS that are internalized by each route, and reviews the general effects of biophysical properties of DDS on the internalization efficiency. Finally, options for intracellular trafficking and targeting of internalized DDS are briefly reviewed, representing an additional opportunity for multi-level targeting to achieve further specificity and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Ju
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, USC School of Pharmacy, USA
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, USC School of Pharmacy, USA
| | - Maria Edman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA
| | - Sarah F Hamm-Alvarez
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, USC School of Pharmacy, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA.
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9
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Gigliobianco MR, Di Martino P, Deng S, Casadidio C, Censi R. New Advanced Strategies for the Treatment of Lysosomal Diseases Affecting the Central Nervous System. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:1933-1950. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190708213159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal Storage Disorders (LSDs), also known as lysosomal diseases (LDs) are a group of serious genetic diseases characterized by not only the accumulation of non-catabolized compounds in the lysosomes due to the deficiency of specific enzymes which usually eliminate these compounds, but also by trafficking, calcium changes and acidification. LDs mainly affect the central nervous system (CNS), which is difficult to reach for drugs and biological molecules due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). While some therapies have proven highly effective in treating peripheral disorders in LD patients, they fail to overcome the BBB. Researchers have developed many strategies to circumvent this problem, for example, by creating carriers for enzyme delivery, which improve the enzyme’s half-life and the overexpression of receptors and transporters in the luminal or abluminal membranes of the BBB. This review aims to successfully examine the strategies developed during the last decade for the treatment of LDs, which mainly affect the CNS. Among the LD treatments, enzyme-replacement therapy (ERT) and gene therapy have proven effective, while nanoparticle, fusion protein, and small molecule-based therapies seem to offer considerable promise to treat the CNS pathology. This work also analyzed the challenges of the study to design new drug delivery systems for the effective treatment of LDs. Polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes are explored from their technological point of view and for the most relevant preclinical studies showing that they are excellent choices to protect active molecules and transport them through the BBB to target specific brain substrates for the treatment of LDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R. Gigliobianco
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via A. D'Accoiso, 16, 62032, Camerino MC, Italy
| | - Piera Di Martino
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via A. D'Accoiso, 16, 62032, Camerino MC, Italy
| | - Siyuan Deng
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via A. D'Accoiso, 16, 62032, Camerino MC, Italy
| | - Cristina Casadidio
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via A. D'Accoiso, 16, 62032, Camerino MC, Italy
| | - Roberta Censi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via A. D'Accoiso, 16, 62032, Camerino MC, Italy
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Zeiadeh I, Najjar A, Karaman R. Strategies for Enhancing the Permeation of CNS-Active Drugs through the Blood-Brain Barrier: A Review. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061289. [PMID: 29843371 PMCID: PMC6100436 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The blood brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic and functional structure which poses a vast challenge in the development of drugs acting on the central nervous system (CNS). While most substances are denied BBB crossing, selective penetration of substances mainly occurs through diffusion, carrier mediated transport, or receptor mediated transcytosis. Methods: Strategies in enhancing BBB penetration have been reviewed and summarized in accordance with their type of formulation. Highlights in monoclonal antibodies, peptide-vectors, nanoparticles, and simple prodrugs were included. Conclusion: Nanoparticles and simple prodrugs, for example, can be used for efficient BBB penetration through inhibition of efflux mechanisms, however, monoclonal antibodies are the most promising strategy in BBB penetration. Close follow-up of future development in this area should confirm our expectation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isra' Zeiadeh
- Department of Bioorganic & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem P.O. Box 20002, Palestine.
| | - Anas Najjar
- Department of Bioorganic & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem P.O. Box 20002, Palestine.
| | - Rafik Karaman
- Department of Bioorganic & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem P.O. Box 20002, Palestine.
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