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Chelnokova IA, Nikitina IA, Starodubtseva MN. Mechanical properties of blood exosomes and lipoproteins after the rat whole blood irradiation with X-rays in vitro explored by atomic force microscopy. Micron 2024; 184:103662. [PMID: 38838454 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2024.103662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Blood is a two-component system with two levels of hierarchy: the macrosystem of blood formed elements and the dispersed system of blood nanoparticles. Biological nanoparticles are the key participants in communication between the irradiated and non-irradiated cells and inducers of the non-targeted effects of ionizing radiation. The work aimed at studying by atomic force microscopy the structural, mechanical, and electrical properties of exosomes and lipoproteins (LDL/VLDL) isolated from rat blood after its exposure to X-rays in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS The whole blood of Wistar rats fed with a high-fat diet was irradiated with X-rays (1 and 100 Gy) in vitro. The structural and mechanical properties (the elastic modulus and nonspecific adhesion force) of exosome and lipoprotein isolates from the blood by ultracentrifugation method were studied using Bruker Bioscope Resolve atomic force microscope in PF QNM mode, their electric properties (the zeta-potential) was measured by electrophoretic mobility. RESULTS Lipoproteins isolated from non-irradiated blood were softer (Me(LQ; UQ): 7.8(4.9;12.1) MPa) compared to blood nanoparticles of its exosome fraction (34.8(22.6;44.9) MPa) containing both exosomes and non-membrane nanoparticles. X-ray blood irradiation with a dose of 1 Gy significantly weakened the elastic properties of lipoproteins. Exposure of the blood to 100 Gy X-rays made lipoproteins stiffer and their nonspecific adhesive properties stronger. The radiation effects on the mechanical parameters of exosomes and non-membrane nanoparticles in exosome fractions differed. The significant radiation-induced change in electric properties of the studied nanoparticles was detected only for lipoproteins in the blood irradiated with 1 Gy X-rays. The low-dose radiation-induced changes in zeta-potential and increase in lipoprotein size with the appearance of a soft thick surface layer indicate the formation of the modified lipoproteins covered with a corona from macromolecules of irradiated blood. CONCLUSION Our data obtained using the nanomechanical mapping mode of AFM are the first evidence of the significant radiation-induced changes in the structural and mechanical properties of the dispersed system of blood nanoparticles after the X-ray irradiation of the blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A Chelnokova
- Institute of Radiobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Gomel, Belarus.
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Zhang J, Hu W, Zou Z, Li Y, Kang F, Li J, Dong S. The role of lipid metabolism in osteoporosis: Clinical implication and cellular mechanism. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101122. [PMID: 38523674 PMCID: PMC10958717 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, researchers have become focused on the relationship between lipids and bone metabolism balance. Moreover, many diseases related to lipid metabolism disorders, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, atherosclerosis, obesity, and menopause, are associated with osteoporotic phenotypes. It has been clinically observed in humans that these lipid metabolism disorders promote changes in osteoporosis-related indicators bone mineral density and bone mass. Furthermore, similar osteoporotic phenotype changes were observed in high-fat and high-cholesterol-induced animal models. Abnormal lipid metabolism (such as increased oxidized lipids and elevated plasma cholesterol) affects bone microenvironment homeostasis via cross-organ communication, promoting differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to adipocytes, and inhibiting commitment towards osteoblasts. Moreover, disturbances in lipid metabolism affect the bone metabolism balance by promoting the secretion of cytokines such as receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand by osteoblasts and stimulating the differentiation of osteoclasts. Conclusively, this review addresses the possible link between lipid metabolism disorders and osteoporosis and elucidates the potential modulatory mechanisms and signaling pathways by which lipid metabolism affects bone metabolism balance. We also summarize the possible approaches and prospects of intervening lipid metabolism for osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhi Zou
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yuheng Li
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Fei Kang
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jianmei Li
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shiwu Dong
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
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Singh B, Cui K, Eisa-Beygi S, Zhu B, Cowan DB, Shi J, Wang DZ, Liu Z, Bischoff J, Chen H. Elucidating the crosstalk between endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) and endothelial autophagy in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Vascul Pharmacol 2024; 155:107368. [PMID: 38548093 PMCID: PMC11303600 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2024.107368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a chronic systemic inflammatory condition, is implicated in most cardiovascular ischemic events. The pathophysiology of atherosclerosis involves various cell types and associated processes, including endothelial cell activation, monocyte recruitment, smooth muscle cell migration, involvement of macrophages and foam cells, and instability of the extracellular matrix. The process of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) has recently emerged as a pivotal process in mediating vascular inflammation associated with atherosclerosis. This transition occurs gradually, with a significant portion of endothelial cells adopting an intermediate state, characterized by a partial loss of endothelial-specific gene expression and the acquisition of "mesenchymal" traits. Consequently, this shift disrupts endothelial cell junctions, increases vascular permeability, and exacerbates inflammation, creating a self-perpetuating cycle that drives atherosclerotic progression. While endothelial cell dysfunction initiates the development of atherosclerosis, autophagy, a cellular catabolic process designed to safeguard cells by recycling intracellular molecules, is believed to exert a significant role in plaque development. Identifying the pathological mechanisms and molecular mediators of EndoMT underpinning endothelial autophagy, may be of clinical relevance. Here, we offer new insights into the underlying biology of atherosclerosis and present potential molecular mechanisms of atherosclerotic resistance and highlight potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandana Singh
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kui Cui
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shahram Eisa-Beygi
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bo Zhu
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Douglas B Cowan
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jinjun Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Da-Zhi Wang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of South Florida Health Heart Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Joyce Bischoff
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Mayer MS, Portella AF, Maçalai C, Zambra AL, Mori NC, Kessler Nunes VC, Bortolotto JW, Azzolin GB, Parisi MM. Yerba Mate as a Protectant against Lipoproteins Oxidation. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301770. [PMID: 38330241 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative modification of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are important factors determining cardiovascular risk. This study investigated the antioxidant mechanisms and potential protective effect of a hydroethanolic extract of yerba mate (Ilex paraguaiensis; EHEM) on the in vitro oxidation of LDL and HDL. EHEM was found to possess ferric reducing power, DPPH free radical scavenging capacity, metal chelating activity, and NO radical scavenging activity. In addition, EHEM reduced the lipoperoxidation induced by α,α'-Azodiisobutyramidine dihydrochloride (AAPH) in HDL and LDL at all tested concentrations. In this study, we demonstrate the antioxidant properties of yerba mate and its phytochemical compounds. These properties may effectively prevent the in vitro oxidation of LDL and HDL molecules, a phenomenon linked to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Spanamberg Mayer
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS) Unicruz, URI-Erechim, Unijuí, University of Cruz Alta, Brazil
| | - Amanda Felipe Portella
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Brazil
| | - Camila Maçalai
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Brazil
| | - Andressa Leal Zambra
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS) Unicruz, URI-Erechim, Unijuí, University of Cruz Alta, Brazil
| | - Natacha Cossettin Mori
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Brazil
| | - Viviane Cecília Kessler Nunes
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS) Unicruz, URI-Erechim, Unijuí, University of Cruz Alta, Brazil
| | - Josiane Woutheres Bortolotto
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS) Unicruz, URI-Erechim, Unijuí, University of Cruz Alta, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Bonfanti Azzolin
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS) Unicruz, URI-Erechim, Unijuí, University of Cruz Alta, Brazil
| | - Mariana Migliorini Parisi
- Group of Integral Attention to Health, Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS) Unicruz, URI-Erechim, Unijuí, University of Cruz Alta, Brazil
- Center for Health and Rural Sciences, University of Cruz Alta, Rodovia Municipal Jacob Della Mea, s/n km 5,6 - Parada Benito, Cruz Alta, RS-98020-290, Brazil
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Adelus ML, Ding J, Tran BT, Conklin AC, Golebiewski AK, Stolze LK, Whalen MB, Cusanovich DA, Romanoski CE. Single cell 'omic profiles of human aortic endothelial cells in vitro and human atherosclerotic lesions ex vivo reveals heterogeneity of endothelial subtype and response to activating perturbations. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.04.03.535495. [PMID: 37066416 PMCID: PMC10104082 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.03.535495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Objective Endothelial cells (ECs), macrophages, and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are major cell types in atherosclerosis progression, and heterogeneity in EC sub-phenotypes are becoming increasingly appreciated. Still, studies quantifying EC heterogeneity across whole transcriptomes and epigenomes in both in vitro and in vivo models are lacking. Approach and Results To create an in vitro dataset to study human EC heterogeneity, multiomic profiling concurrently measuring transcriptomes and accessible chromatin in the same single cells was performed on six distinct primary cultures of human aortic ECs (HAECs). To model pro-inflammatory and activating environments characteristic of the atherosclerotic microenvironment in vitro, HAECs from at least three donors were exposed to three distinct perturbations with their respective controls: transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGFB2), interleukin-1 beta (IL1B), and siRNA-mediated knock-down of the endothelial transcription factor ERG (siERG). To form a comprehensive in vivo/ex vivo dataset of human atherosclerotic cell types, meta-analysis of single cell transcriptomes across 17 human arterial specimens was performed. Two computational approaches quantitatively evaluated the similarity in molecular profiles between heterogeneous in vitro and in vivo cell profiles. HAEC cultures were reproducibly populated by 4 major clusters with distinct pathway enrichment profiles: EC1-angiogenic, EC2-proliferative, EC3-activated/mesenchymal-like, and EC4-mesenchymal. Exposure to siERG, IL1B or TGFB2 elicited mostly distinct transcriptional and accessible chromatin responses. EC1 and EC2, the most canonically 'healthy' EC populations, were affected predominantly by siERG; the activated cluster EC3 was most responsive to IL1B; and the mesenchymal population EC4 was most affected by TGFB2. Quantitative comparisons between in vitro and in vivo transcriptomes confirmed EC1 and EC2 as most canonically EC-like, and EC4 as most mesenchymal with minimal effects elicited by siERG and IL1B. Lastly, accessible chromatin regions unique to EC2 and EC4 were most enriched for coronary artery disease (CAD)-associated SNPs from GWAS, suggesting these cell phenotypes harbor CAD-modulating mechanisms. Conclusion Primary EC cultures contain markedly heterogeneous cell subtypes defined by their molecular profiles. Surprisingly, the perturbations used here, which have been reported by others to be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis as well as induce endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), only modestly shifted cells between subpopulations, suggesting relatively stable molecular phenotypes in culture. Identifying consistently heterogeneous EC subpopulations between in vitro and in vivo models should pave the way for improving in vitro systems while enabling the mechanisms governing heterogeneous cell state decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L. Adelus
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- The Clinical Translational Sciences Graduate Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Jiacheng Ding
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Binh T. Tran
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Austin C. Conklin
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Anna K. Golebiewski
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Lindsey K. Stolze
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Michael B. Whalen
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Darren A. Cusanovich
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Casey E. Romanoski
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- The Clinical Translational Sciences Graduate Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
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Li Y, Sun M, Li R, Dou M, Dong H, Xue L, Sun G. Acute effect of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor on oxidized low-density lipoprotein and lipid profile in patients at cardiovascular risk. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2023; 73:249-254. [PMID: 37970546 PMCID: PMC10636578 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.23-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors are a new class of potent lipid-lowering drugs. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) is the key pathogenic factor leading to atherosclerosis. However, its effect on ox-LDL levels has not been clinically reported. The clinical data of 290 very high-risk atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) patients diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from May 2022 to October 2022 were collected retrospectively. According to whether evolocumab (a PCSK9 inhibitor) was used after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), they were divided into evolocumab group (153 cases) and statin monotherapy group (137 cases). At hospital admission, ox-LDL, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoproteinA1 (apoA1), apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB), lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], and high-sensitivity reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels were collected and used as baseline data. After two weeks of treatment, ox-LDL in the evolocumab group and statin monotherapy group were significantly lower than those before treatment (p<0.05). The decrease of ox-LDL in the evolocumab group was more than in the stain monotherapy group (p<0.05). In conclusion, PCSK9 inhibitors reduce ox-LDL levels in very high-risk ASCVD patients in a short time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, China
| | - Minni Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, China
| | - Min Dou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, China
| | - Haozhe Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, China
| | - Liqi Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, China
| | - Guoju Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, China
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Yang L, Jian Y, Zhang ZY, Qi BW, Li YB, Long P, Yang Y, Wang X, Huang S, Huang J, Zhou LF, Ma J, Jiang CQ, Hu YH, Xiao WJ. Network-pharmacology-based research on protective effects and underlying mechanism of Shuxin decoction against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury with diabetes. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:1057-1076. [PMID: 37547579 PMCID: PMC10401449 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i7.1057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes mellitus are at higher risk of myocardial ischemia/ reperfusion injury (MI/RI). Shuxin decoction (SXT) is a proven recipe modi-fication from the classic herbal formula "Wu-tou-chi-shi-zhi-wan" according to the traditional Chinese medicine theory. It has been successfully used to alleviate secondary MI/RI in patients with diabetes mellitus in the clinical setting. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear.
AIM To further determine the mechanism of SXT in attenuating MI/RI associated with diabetes.
METHODS This paper presents an ensemble model combining network pharmacology and biology. The Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database was accessed to select key components and potential targets of the SXT. In parallel, therapeutic targets associated with MI/RI in patients with diabetes were screened from various databases including Gene Expression Omnibus, DisGeNet, Genecards, Drugbank, OMIM, and PharmGKB. The potential targets of SXT and the therapeutic targets related to MI/RI in patients with diabetes were intersected and subjected to bioinformatics analysis using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. The major results of bioinformatics analysis were subsequently validated by animal experiments.
RESULTS According to the hypothesis derived from bioinformatics analysis, SXT could possibly ameliorate lipid metabolism disorders and exert anti-apoptotic effects in MI/RI associated with diabetes by reducing oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) and inhibiting the advanced glycation end products (AGE)-receptor for AGE (RAGE) signaling pathway. Subsequent animal experiments confirmed the hypothesis. The treatment with a dose of SXT (2.8 g/kg/d) resulted in a reduction in oxidized LDL, AGEs, and RAGE, and regulated the level of blood lipids. Besides, the expression of apoptosis-related proteins such as Bax and cleaved caspase 3 was down-regulated, whereas Bcl-2 expression was up-regulated. The findings indicated that SXT could inhibit myocardial apoptosis and improve cardiac function in MI/RI in diabetic rats.
CONCLUSION This study indicated the active components and underlying molecular therapeutic mechanisms of SXT in MI/RI with diabetes. Moreover, animal experiments verified that SXT could regulate the level of blood lipids, alleviate cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and improve cardiac function through the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yang Jian
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zai-Yuan Zhang
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bao-Wen Qi
- South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518116, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu-Bo Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Pan Long
- Department of Ophthalmology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing Huang
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Long-Fu Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chang-Qing Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yong-He Hu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
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Wang Y, Li H, Yu XH, Tang CK. CTRP1: A novel player in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Cytokine 2023; 164:156162. [PMID: 36812667 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a series of diseases induced by inflammation and lipid metabolism disorders, among others. Metabolic diseases can cause inflammation and abnormal lipid metabolism. C1q/TNF-related proteins 1 (CTRP1) is a paralog of adiponectin that belongs to the CTRP subfamily. CTRP1 is expressed and secreted in adipocytes, macrophages, cardiomyocytes, and other cells. It promotes lipid and glucose metabolism but has bidirectional effects on the regulation of inflammation. Inflammation can also inversely stimulate CTRP1 production. A vicious circle may exist between the two. This article introduces CTRP1 from the structure, expression, and different roles of CTRP1 in CVDs and metabolic diseases, to summarize the role of CTRP1 pleiotropy. Moreover, the proteins which may interact with CTRP1 are predicted through GeneCards and STRING, speculating their effects, to provide new ideas for the study of CTRP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic disease, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Heng Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic disease, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Yu
- Institute of clinical medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 460106, China
| | - Chao-Ke Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic disease, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
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SUMOylation targeting mitophagy in cardiovascular diseases. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1511-1538. [PMID: 36163375 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02258-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) plays a key regulatory role in cardiovascular diseases, such as cardiac hypertrophy, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. As a multifunctional posttranslational modification molecule in eukaryotic cells, SUMOylation is essentially associated with the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics, especially mitophagy, which is involved in the progression and development of cardiovascular diseases. SUMOylation targeting mitochondrial-associated proteins is admittedly considered to regulate mitophagy activation and mitochondrial functions and dynamics, including mitochondrial fusion and fission. SUMOylation triggers mitochondrial fusion to promote mitochondrial dysfunction by modifying Fis1, OPA1, MFN1/2, and DRP1. The interaction between SUMO and DRP1 induces SUMOylation and inhibits lysosomal degradation of DRP1, which is further involved in the regulation of mitochondrial fission. Both SUMOylation and deSUMOylation contribute to the initiation and activation of mitophagy by regulating the conjugation of MFN1/2 SERCA2a, HIF1α, and PINK1. SUMOylation mediated by the SUMO molecule has attracted much attention due to its dual roles in the development of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we systemically summarize the current understanding underlying the expression, regulation, and structure of SUMO molecules; explore the biochemical functions of SUMOylation in the initiation and activation of mitophagy; discuss the biological roles and mechanisms of SUMOylation in cardiovascular diseases; and further provide a wider explanation of SUMOylation and deSUMOylation research to provide a possible therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases. Considering the precise functions and exact mechanisms of SUMOylation in mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy will provide evidence for future experimental research and may serve as an effective approach in the development of novel therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases. Regulation and effect of SUMOylation in cardiovascular diseases via mitophagy. SUMOylation is involved in multiple cardiovascular diseases, including cardiac hypertrophy, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. Since it is expressed in multiple cells associated with cardiovascular disease, SUMOylation can be regulated by numerous ligases, including the SENP family proteins PIAS1, PIASy/4, UBC9, and MAPL. SUMOylation regulates the activation and degradation of PINK1, SERCA2a, PPARγ, ERK5, and DRP1 to mediate mitochondrial dynamics, especially mitophagy activation. Mitophagy activation regulated by SUMOylation further promotes or inhibits ventricular diastolic dysfunction, perfusion injury, ventricular remodelling and ventricular noncompaction, which contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases.
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10
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Zhang S, Xie S, Gao Y, Wang Y. Triptolide alleviates ox-LDL-induced endothelial inflammation via attenuating the oxidative stress-mediated NF-κB pathway. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 2022; 97:100683. [PMID: 35989981 PMCID: PMC9385561 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2022.100683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial inflammation triggered by oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) is a crucial mechanism involved in atherosclerosis. Triptolide (TP), a primary active ingredient of the traditional Chinese medicine Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in vivo. However, limited information is available regarding these effects on endothelial inflammation occurring in atherosclerosis. Objectives This study investigated the effects and possible mechanisms of action of TP on ox–LDL-induced inflammatory responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were preincubated with TP at the indicated concentrations for 1 hour and then incubated with ox-LDL (50 µg/mL) for the indicated times. Results Preincubation of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells with TP inhibited ox–LDL-induced cytokine and chemokine production, adhesion molecule expression, and monocyte adhesion in a concentration-dependent manner. The concentrations of 8-isoprostane, malondialdehyde, and superoxide increased after human umbilical vein endothelial cells were exposed to ox-LDL, which were associated with decreased activities of total superoxide dismutase and its isoenzyme (ie, CuZn- superoxide dismutase). Preincubation with TP reversed ox–LDL-induced effects in all events. Moreover, preincubation with TP also attenuated ox–LDL-induced nuclear factor-kappa B transcriptional activation in a concentration-dependent manner, via the suppression of inhibitor of kappa Balpha (IκBα) phosphorylation and subsequent nuclear factor-kappa B DNA binding. Conclusions These data indicate that TP inhibits ox–LDL-induced endothelial inflammation, possibly via suppression of the oxidative stress-dependent activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Youping Wang
- Address correspondence to: Youping Wang, MD, PhD, Central Laboratory and Division of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
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11
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Khan TG, Ginsburg D, Emmer BT. The small GTPase RAB10 regulates endosomal recycling of the LDL receptor and transferrin receptor in hepatocytes. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100248. [PMID: 35753407 PMCID: PMC9305350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) mediates the hepatic uptake of circulating low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), a process that modulates the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We recently identified RAB10, encoding a small GTPase, as a positive regulator of LDL uptake in hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HuH7) in a genome-wide CRISPR screen, though the underlying molecular mechanism for this effect was unknown. We now report that RAB10 regulates hepatocyte LDL uptake by promoting the recycling of endocytosed LDLR from RAB11-positive endosomes to the plasma membrane. We also show that RAB10 similarly promotes the recycling of the transferrin receptor, which binds the transferrin protein that mediates the transport of iron in the blood, albeit from a distinct RAB4-positive compartment. Taken together, our findings suggest a model in which RAB10 regulates LDL and transferrin uptake by promoting both slow and rapid recycling routes for their respective receptor proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taslima Gani Khan
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - David Ginsburg
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Brian T Emmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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12
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Zhuang C, Yuan J, Du Y, Zeng J, Sun Y, Wu Y, Gao XH, Chen HD. Effects of Oral Carotenoids on Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Studies in the Recent 20 Years. Front Nutr 2022; 9:754707. [PMID: 35571897 PMCID: PMC9094493 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.754707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids protect organs, tissues, and cells from the damaging action of singlet oxygen, oxygen radicals, and lipid peroxides. This systematic review was sought to evaluate the influence of oral carotenoids on antioxidant/oxidative markers, blood carotenoids levels, and lipid/lipoprotein parameters in human subjects. A comprehensive review of relevant literature was conducted in PubMed, Web of Sciences, and the Cochrane library, from 2000 to December 2020. Randomized controlled trials, case-controlled trials, or controlled trials were identified. A total of eighteen trials were included, with the target populations being healthy subjects in 16 studies, athletes in 1 study, and pregnant women in 1 study. The meta-analysis results showed that carotenoids complex supplementation significantly increased the levels of antioxidative parameters ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.468; 95% CI: 0.159-0.776, p = 0.003; SMD = 0.568; 95% CI: 0.190-0.947, p = 0.003] and decreased the blood triglyceride (TG) level (SMD = -0.410, 95% CI: -0.698 to -0.122, p = 0.005). Oral carotenoids supplement significantly increased the blood levels of β-carotene (SMD = 0.490, 95% CI: 0.123-0.858, p = 0.009), α-tocopherol (SMD = 0.752, 95%CI: 0.020-1.485, p = 0.044), and the intaking durations were 8 weeks. The levels of antioxidative enzymes and other lipid/lipoprotein parameters were not different between subjects receiving carotenoids and controls (p > 0.05). In conclusion, our systematic review showed that the carotenoids complex is beneficial for alleviating potential oxidative stress via interacting with free radicals or decreasing blood TG levels. The intaking duration of carotenoids should be 8 weeks to reach enough concentration for function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfei Zhuang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinping Yuan
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yimei Du
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xing-Hua Gao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong-Duo Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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13
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Yu Z, Bu G. Attenuating oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced macrophages damage via inhibiting C-type lectin domain family 2 (CLEC2) expression through janus kinase 1 (JAK1)/ signal transducers and activators of transcription-1 (STAT1) pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:6440-6449. [PMID: 35486473 PMCID: PMC9208519 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2044253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to explore the effect of C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC2) expression level on oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced macrophage damage and the regulatory mechanism of macrophage foaming. Foam cells were derived from RAW264.7 by ox-LDL, and the cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to detect the levels of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Interleulin-1β (IL-1β). Small interfering CLEC2 (si-CLEC2) was synthesized and transfected into RAW264.7, and the apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blotting was employed to detect the protein expressions of Janus kinase 1 (JAK1), Signal
transducers
and
activators of
transcription-1 (STAT1), phosphorylation-JAK1 (p-JAK1), phosphorylation-STAT1 (p-STAT1), CLEC2, and the apoptosis-related proteins. The levels of total cholesterol (TC) and free cholesterol (FC) were measured using colorimetric kits. Results showed that ox-LDL could activate the JAK1/STAT1 pathway of macrophages and up-regulate the expression of CLEC2. CLEC2 knockdown could reduce macrophage inflammation and lipid accumulation. Inactivating JAK1/STAT1 pathway with JAK1 inhibitor can significantly reduce the phosphorylation of STAT1 and alleviate the ox-LDL-induced damage in macrophages by regulating the expression of CLEC2. In conclusion, targeting JAK1/STAT1 to inhibit CLEC2 can attenuate ox-LDL-induced macrophage damage. This study enriched the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and provided the possible treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Bu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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14
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Fofana S, Delporte C, Calvo Esposito R, Ouédraogo M, Van Antwerpen P, Guissou IP, Semdé R, Mathieu V. In Vitro Antioxidant and Anticancer Properties of Various E. senegalensis Extracts. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27082583. [PMID: 35458781 PMCID: PMC9025838 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Although Erythrina senegalensis is a plant widely used in traditional medicine in sub-Saharan Africa, its biological properties have been poorly investigated to date. We first characterized by conventional reactions the composition of several stem bark extracts and evaluated in acellular and cellular assays their pro- or antioxidant properties supported by their high phenolic and flavonoid content, particularly with the methanolic extract. The pro- or antioxidant effects observed did not correlate with their IC50 concentrations against five cancer cell lines determined by MTT assay. Indeed, the CH2Cl2 extract and its ethyl acetate (EtOAc) subfraction appeared more potent although they harbored lower pro- or antioxidant effects. Nevertheless, at equipotent concentration, both extracts induced ER- and mitochondria-derived vacuoles observed by fluorescent microscopy that further led to non-apoptotic cell death. LC coupled to high resolution MS investigations have been performed to identify chemical compounds of the extracts. These investigations highlighted the presence of compounds formerly isolated from E. senegalensis including senegalensein that could be retrieved only in the EtOAc subfraction but also thirteen other compounds, such as 16:3-Glc-stigmasterol and hexadecanoic acid, whose anticancer properties have been previously reported. Nineteen other compounds remain to be identified. In conclusion, E. senegalensis appeared rich in compounds with antioxidant and anticancer properties, supporting its use in traditional practice and its status as a species of interest for further investigations in anticancer drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souleymane Fofana
- Laboratory of Drug Sciences, Higher Institute of Health Sciences (INSSA), Nazi BONI University, Bobo-Dioulasso 01 P.O. Box 1091, Burkina Faso;
| | - Cédric Delporte
- RD3—Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit and Analytical Platform, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (P.V.A.)
| | - Rafaèle Calvo Esposito
- Protein Chemistry Unit, Department of General Chemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme (CP 609), Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium;
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Moussa Ouédraogo
- Laboratory of Drug Development (LADME), Center of Training, Research and Expertises of Pharmaceutical Sciences (CEA-CFOREM), Training and Research Unit, Health Sciences, Joseph KI-ZERBO University, Ouagadougou 03 P.O. Box 7021, Burkina Faso; (M.O.); (R.S.)
| | - Pierre Van Antwerpen
- RD3—Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit and Analytical Platform, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (P.V.A.)
| | - Innocent Pierre Guissou
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Saint Thomas d’Aquin University, Ouagadougou 06 P.O. Box 10212, Burkina Faso;
| | - Rasmané Semdé
- Laboratory of Drug Development (LADME), Center of Training, Research and Expertises of Pharmaceutical Sciences (CEA-CFOREM), Training and Research Unit, Health Sciences, Joseph KI-ZERBO University, Ouagadougou 03 P.O. Box 7021, Burkina Faso; (M.O.); (R.S.)
| | - Véronique Mathieu
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- ULB Cancer Research Center, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-478-31-73-88
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15
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Zhang Y, Feng X, Du M, Ding J, Liu P. Salvianolic acid B attenuates the inflammatory response in atherosclerosis by regulating MAPKs/ NF-κB signaling pathways in LDLR-/- mice and RAW264.7 cells. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2022; 36:3946320221079468. [PMID: 35285334 PMCID: PMC9118216 DOI: 10.1177/03946320221079468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) is the main effective water-soluble
component of Salvia miltiorrhiza. In this study, the anti-inflammatory
effect of Sal B was explored in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced LDLR-/- mice and oxidized
low-density-lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7
cells. Methods: The LDLR-/- mice were randomly divided into four groups after
12 weeks of high-fat diet. Then, the mice were administrated with 0.9% saline or Sal B
(25 mg/kg) or Atorvastatin (1.3 mg/kg) for 12 weeks. RAW 264.7 cells were induced with
ox-LDL/LPS, or ox-LDL/LPS plus different concentrations of Sal B (1.25 μg/mL, 2.5 μg/mL,
5 μg/mL), or ox-LDL plus Sal B plus MAPKs activators. ELISA was used for detecting serum
lipid profiles and inflammatory cytokines, RT-qPCR used for gene expression, Oil Red O
used for plaque sizes, and immunofluorescence staining used for NF-κB p65 and TNF-α
production. Inflammation-related proteins and MAPKs pathways were detected by Western
Blot. Results: The results showed that Sal B decreased the levels of serum
lipids (TC, TG, and LDL-C), attenuated inflammatory cytokines, and improved lipid
accumulation in the aorta. Sal B also attenuated the elevation of inflammatory cytokines
induced by ox-LDL or LPS in RAW264.7 cells, and the phosphorylation of MAPKs/NF-κB
pathways in the aorta and RAW264.7 cells, resulting in a significant decrease in the
contents of p-JNK, p-ERK 1/2, p-P38, p-IκB, and p-NF-κB p65. Conclusions: Sal
B could exert anti-inflammatory effects on atherosclerosis via MAPKs/NF-κB signaling
pathways in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoteng Feng
- Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Du
- Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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16
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Xie B, Zhao T, Zhao S, Zhou J, Zhao F. Possible effects of Treponema pallidum infection on human vascular endothelial cells. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24318. [PMID: 35274369 PMCID: PMC8993650 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogens can affect host cells in various ways, and the same effect can be found in the Treponema pallidum acting on the endothelium of host vessels, and the mechanism is often complex and multiple. Based on the existing T. pallidum of a cognitive framework, the first concerns involving T. pallidum or the bacteria protein directly acted on vascular endothelial cells of the host, the second concerns mainly involved in the process of T. pallidum infection in vivo blood lipid change, secretion of cytokines and the interactions between immune cells indirectly. Through both direct and indirect influence, this study explores the role of host by T. pallidum infect in the process of the vascular endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibo Xie
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, P.R. China
| | - Tie Zhao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, P.R. China
| | - Sisi Zhao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, P.R. China
| | - Feijun Zhao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, P.R. China
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17
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Mauschitz MM, Finger RP. Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Cardiovascular Diseases: Revisiting the Common Soil Theory. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2022; 11:94-99. [PMID: 35213420 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a complex disease associated with aging, remains one of the leading causes of visual loss in high-income countries and its prevalence is expected to increase over the next decades. Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy has been considered a variant of neovascular AMD and is highly prevalent in Asian populations. Similarly, cardiovascular disease (CVD)-another complex disease associated with aging-is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in high-income countries and its prevalence is also expected to increase due to population aging. Previous studies reported an increased risk for CVD in AMD patients, indicating an underlying "common soil." Reviewing the current literature, consistent evidence for common risk factors and mutual comorbidity was identified for both diseases. Cardiovascular risk factors include smoking, diet, and low levels of physical activity, which also play a role in AMD pathogenesis. Several studies demonstrated AMD patients to be at higher risk for CVD compared to the general older population. The complexity of both diseases, however, complicates research on their relation, and thus studies ought to be interpreted with caution. Herein we present an overview of selected studies and their main "take-home messages" on this topic, and hypothesize on the patho-etiologic "common ground" of these 2 diseases.
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18
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Cox FF, Misiou A, Vierkant A, Ale-Agha N, Grandoch M, Haendeler J, Altschmied J. Protective Effects of Curcumin in Cardiovascular Diseases—Impact on Oxidative Stress and Mitochondria. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030342. [PMID: 35159155 PMCID: PMC8833931 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) contribute to a large part of worldwide mortality. Similarly, two of the major risk factors for these diseases, aging and obesity, are also global problems. Aging, the gradual decline of body functions, is non-modifiable. Obesity, a modifiable risk factor for CVDs, also predisposes to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Moreover, it affects not only the vasculature and the heart but also specific fat depots, which themselves have a major impact on the development and progression of CVDs. Common denominators of aging, obesity, and T2DM include oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic abnormalities such as altered lipid profiles and glucose metabolism, and inflammation. Several plant substances such as curcumin, the major active compound in turmeric root, have been used for a long time in traditional medicine and for the treatment of CVDs. Newer mechanistic, animal, and human studies provide evidence that curcumin has pleiotropic effects and attenuates numerous parameters which contribute to an increased risk for CVDs in aging as well as in obesity. Thus, curcumin as a nutraceutical could hold promise in the prevention of CVDs, but more standardized clinical trials are required to fully unravel its potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Frederike Cox
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (F.F.C.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (N.A.-A.)
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Angelina Misiou
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (F.F.C.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (N.A.-A.)
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Annika Vierkant
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (F.F.C.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (N.A.-A.)
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Niloofar Ale-Agha
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (F.F.C.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (N.A.-A.)
| | - Maria Grandoch
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Judith Haendeler
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (F.F.C.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (N.A.-A.)
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (J.A.); Tel.: +49-211-3389-291 (J.H. & J.A.); Fax: +49-211-3389-331 (J.H. & J.A.)
| | - Joachim Altschmied
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (F.F.C.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (N.A.-A.)
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (J.A.); Tel.: +49-211-3389-291 (J.H. & J.A.); Fax: +49-211-3389-331 (J.H. & J.A.)
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19
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Meng Q, Ma M, Zhang W, Bi Y, Cheng P, Yu X, Fu Y, Chao Y, Ji T, Li J, Chen Q, Zhang Q, Li Y, Shan J, Bian H. The gut microbiota during the progression of atherosclerosis in the perimenopausal period shows specific compositional changes and significant correlations with circulating lipid metabolites. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1-27. [PMID: 33691599 PMCID: PMC7954427 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1880220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is exacerbated in the perimenopausal period, which significantly increases the incidence rate of cardiovascular disease. The disruption of the gut microbiota has been associated with AS or menopause, but the specific changes of AS-associated gut microbiota in the perimenopausal period remain largely unknown. As lipid abnormalities are mainly responsible for AS, the relationship between lipid metabolism abnormalities and gut microbiota disruptions during menopause is rarely reported hitherto. In the present study, ApoE-/- mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) were subjected to ovariectomy and supplemented with estrogen. The ovariectomized HFD-fed ApoE-/- mice underwent significant AS damage, hepatic lipid damage, hyperlipidemia, and changes of lipid metabolism- and transport-related enzymes. There was significantly higher abundance of some lipid metabolites in the plasma of ovariectomized HFD-fed ApoE-/- mice than in non-ovariectomized ones, including cholesterol esters, triglycerides, phospholipids, and other types of lipids (free fatty acids, acylcarnitine, sphingomyelins, and ceramides). The administration of estrogen significantly reduced the contents of most lipid metabolites. The diversity and composition of gut microbiota evidently changed in ovariectomized HFD-fed ApoE-/- mice, compared to HFD-fed ApoE-/- mice without ovariectomy. In contrast, with estrogen supplementation, the diversity and composition of gut microbiota were restored to approach that of non-ovariectomized HFD-fed ApoE-/- mice, and the relative abundances of some bacteria were even like those of C57BL/6 mice fed with a normal diet. On the other hand, the transplantation of feces from C57BL/6 mice fed with normal diet to ovariectomized HFD-fed ApoE-/- mice was sufficient to correct the hyperlipidemia and AS damage, and to reverse the characteristics changing of lipid metabolomics in ovariectomized HFD-fed ApoE-/- mice. These phenomena were also been observed after transplantation of feces from estrogen-treated ovariectomized HFD-fed ApoE-/- mice to ovariectomized HFD-fed ApoE-/- mice. Moreover, the gut microbiota and lipid metabolites were significantly correlated, demonstrating that the changes of serum lipids may be associated with the gut microbiota disruptions in the perimenopausal period. In conclusion, the gut microbiota during the progression of AS in the perimenopausal period showed specific compositional changes and significant correlations with circulating lipid metabolites. Estrogen supplementation may exert beneficial effects on gut bacteria and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghai Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Menghua Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunhui Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xichao Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Chao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China,School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinjun Shan
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huimin Bian
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China,CONTACT Huimin Bian School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing320561, China; Jinjun Shan First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023 China
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20
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Tanabe S, O’Brien J, Tollefsen KE, Kim Y, Chauhan V, Yauk C, Huliganga E, Rudel RA, Kay JE, Helm JS, Beaton D, Filipovska J, Sovadinova I, Garcia-Reyero N, Mally A, Poulsen SS, Delrue N, Fritsche E, Luettich K, La Rocca C, Yepiskoposyan H, Klose J, Danielsen PH, Esterhuizen M, Jacobsen NR, Vogel U, Gant TW, Choi I, FitzGerald R. Reactive Oxygen Species in the Adverse Outcome Pathway Framework: Toward Creation of Harmonized Consensus Key Events. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:887135. [PMID: 35875696 PMCID: PMC9298159 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.887135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are formed as a result of natural cellular processes, intracellular signaling, or as adverse responses associated with diseases or exposure to oxidizing chemical and non-chemical stressors. The action of ROS and RNS, collectively referred to as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), has recently become highly relevant in a number of adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) that capture, organize, evaluate and portray causal relationships pertinent to adversity or disease progression. RONS can potentially act as a key event (KE) in the cascade of responses leading to an adverse outcome (AO) within such AOPs, but are also known to modulate responses of events along the AOP continuum without being an AOP event itself. A substantial discussion has therefore been undertaken in a series of workshops named "Mystery or ROS" to elucidate the role of RONS in disease and adverse effects associated with exposure to stressors such as nanoparticles, chemical, and ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. This review introduces the background for RONS production, reflects on the direct and indirect effects of RONS, addresses the diversity of terminology used in different fields of research, and provides guidance for developing a harmonized approach for defining a common event terminology within the AOP developer community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihori Tanabe
- Division of Risk Assessment, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
- *Correspondence: Shihori Tanabe,
| | - Jason O’Brien
- Wildlife Toxicology Research Section, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Knut Erik Tollefsen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
- Centre for Environmental Radioactivity, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Youngjun Kim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Europe, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Iva Sovadinova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Natalia Garcia-Reyero
- U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), Vicksburg, MS, United States
| | - Angela Mally
- Department of Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Søs Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nathalie Delrue
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Paris, France
| | - Ellen Fritsche
- Group of Alternative Method Development for Environmental Toxicity Testing, IUF—Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Karsta Luettich
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products SA, Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Cinzia La Rocca
- Center for Gender-specific Medicine, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Hasmik Yepiskoposyan
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products SA, Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Jördis Klose
- Group of Alternative Method Development for Environmental Toxicity Testing, IUF—Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Maranda Esterhuizen
- University of Helsinki, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Lahti, Finland, and Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Timothy W. Gant
- UK Health Security Agency, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Choi
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Europe, Saarbrücken, Germany
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21
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Vejendla A, Talari S, Ramu G, Rajani C. Characterization of novel stress degradation products of Bempedoic acid and Ezetimibe using UPLC–MS/MS: development and validation of stability-indicating UPLC method. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-021-00381-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
A receptive and easily comprehended technique was evolved for simultaneous assessment of Bempedoic acid and Ezetimibe and its impurities characterized by UPLC–MS/MS.
Results
This technique involves chromatographic separation with a C18 column of water symmetry (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 3.5 µm). A mobile phase of 0.1% OPA (orthophosphoric acid) and acetonitrile in 50:50 v/v with 1 mL/min flow rate and ambient temperature was used. UV observation was taken at 230 nm. The recoveries, linearity, and quantification limits were found to be within the acceptable limit.
Conclusions
This technique was successfully tested with UPLC–MS to confirm the chemical structures of newly formed degradation products of Bempedoic acid and Ezetimibe and stress studies as per ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines.
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22
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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Statins on Glutathione Peroxidase, Superoxide Dismutase, and Catalase. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111841. [PMID: 34829712 PMCID: PMC8614838 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins may exert protective effects against oxidative stress by upregulating specific antioxidant mechanisms. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of statins on three key antioxidant enzymes: glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase. The electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched from inception to July 2021. The risk of bias was assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist and certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE framework. In 15 studies, reporting 17 treatment arms in 773 patients (mean age 53 years, 54% males), statins significantly increased the concentrations of both GPx (standardized mean difference, SMD = 0.80, 95% confidence interval, CI 0.13 to 1.46, p = 0.018; high certainty of evidence) and SOD (SMD = 1.54, 95% CI 0.71 to 2.36, p < 0.001; high certainty of evidence), but not catalase (SMD = −0.16, 95% CI −0.51 to 0.20, p = 0.394; very low certainty of evidence). The pooled SMD values were not altered in sensitivity analysis. There was no publication bias. In conclusion, statin treatment significantly increases the circulating concentrations of GPx and SOD, suggesting an antioxidant effect of these agents (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021271589).
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23
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Li X, Chen B, Zhou X, Ye F, Wang Y, Hu W. Identification of dyslipidemia as a risk factor for sudden sensorineural hearing loss: A multicenter case-control study. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e24067. [PMID: 34674306 PMCID: PMC8649383 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, several studies have reported an association between lipid profiles and sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), yet there is considerable variability between the individual studies in defining the precise association between serum lipids levels and SSNHL. This study sought to identify a possible relationship between dyslipidemia and the prevalence and prognosis of SSNHL. Methods A case‐control study was carried out at two independent medical centers, including 2,288 SSNHL patients and 2,288 healthy controls. Clinical characteristics and serum lipid parameters were assessed, including total cholesterol (CHOL), high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (Trig), apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), and lipoprotein a (Lpa). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between lipid profiles and SSNHL in the 4,576 subjects. Results Significant differences were identified in several conventional serum lipid markers including CHOL, Trig, HDL, LDL, ApoAI, ApoB, and Lpa, between SSNHL patients and healthy controls. Serum ApoAI levels were significantly lower in patients with bilateral SSNHL compared to unilateral SSNHL. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that higher levels of ApoB, LDL, Trig, and lower levels of ApoAI and HDL were all associated with an increased risk of SSNHL. After clinical characterization, multivariate analysis showed that only low levels of ApoB predicted likelihood of a recovery of more than 30 dB among patients with SSNHL. Conclusions Serum lipids are associated with the incidence and prognosis of SSNHL. Identification of dyslipidemia may improve early evaluation and management of SSNHL risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Binghua Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ningbo Medical Treatment Center Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xingxing Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fan Ye
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yumin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wangqiang Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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24
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Huang Q, Gan Y, Yu Z, Wu H, Zhong Z. Endothelial to Mesenchymal Transition: An Insight in Atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:734550. [PMID: 34604359 PMCID: PMC8484517 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.734550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a fundamental disease of the cardiovascular system that leads to high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The endothelium is the first protective barrier in atherosclerosis. Endothelial cells have the potential to be transformed into mesenchymal cells, in a process termed endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT). On the one hand, EndMT is known to contribute to atherosclerosis by inducing a number of phenotypes ranging from endothelial cell dysfunction to plaque formation. On the other hand, risk factors for atherosclerosis can lead to EndMT. A substantial body of evidence has suggested that EndMT induces the development of atherosclerosis; therefore, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying EndMT in atherosclerosis might provide insights to reverse this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyan Huang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Clinical Molecular Diagnostics and Antibody Therapeutics, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China
| | - Yuhong Gan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Clinical Molecular Diagnostics and Antibody Therapeutics, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China
| | - Zhikang Yu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Clinical Molecular Diagnostics and Antibody Therapeutics, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China
| | - Heming Wu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Clinical Molecular Diagnostics and Antibody Therapeutics, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China
| | - Zhixiong Zhong
- Center for Precision Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Clinical Molecular Diagnostics and Antibody Therapeutics, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China
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25
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Du H, Yang L, Zhang X. Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 Aggravated the Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein-Induced Damage of Human Vascular Endothelial Cells. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Vascular endothelial injury could induce many cardiovascular diseases. Recently, some studies have indicated that matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) was associated with the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. However, whether higher levels of
MMP-7 were associated with the occurrence of the vascular endothelial injury is unclear. Material and methods: In this study, ox-LDL was used for the simulation of vascular endothelial injury in HUVECs. Next, we detected the expression of MMP-7 in these cells. After that, we established
the cell models with MMP-7 overexpression and knockdown, respectively. At last, the apoptosis and inflammation of HUVECs were detected with corresponding assays. Results: After the stimulation of ox-LDL, the expression of MMP-7 was enhanced compared to the control groups. After the
stimulation of ox-LDL and the overexpression of MMP-7, the apoptosis rates of HUVECs were enhanced, while MMP-7 knockdown led to the decreased apoptosis rates of these cells. Furthermore, after the stimulation of ox-LDL and overexpression of MMP-7, the expression of inflammatory factors (IL-6,
IL-1β and TNF-α) was promoted. Additionally, the expression of these proteins was repressed after knockdown of MMP-7. Conclusion: MMP-7 aggravated the ox-LDL-induced damage of HUVECs by promoting the apoptosis and inflammation of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, PKUCare Luzhong Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255400, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of General Medicine, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, PKUCare Luzhong Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255400, China
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26
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Li Z, Chen Q, Wang J, Pan X, Lu W. Research Progress and Application of Bioorthogonal Reactions in Biomolecular Analysis and Disease Diagnosis. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2021; 379:39. [PMID: 34590223 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-021-00352-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal reactions are rapid, specific and high yield reactions that can be performed in in vivo microenvironments or simulated microenvironments. At present, the main biorthogonal reactions include Staudinger ligation, copper-catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition, strain-promoted [3 + 2] reaction, tetrazine ligation, metal-catalyzed coupling reaction and photo-induced biorthogonal reactions. To date, many reviews have reported that bioorthogonal reactions have been used widely as a powerful tool in the field of life sciences, such as in target recognition, drug discovery, drug activation, omics research, visualization of life processes or exogenous bacterial infection processes, signal transduction pathway research, chemical reaction dynamics analysis, disease diagnosis and treatment. In contrast, to date, few studies have investigated the application of bioorthogonal reactions in the analysis of biomacromolecules in vivo. Therefore, the application of bioorthogonal reactions in the analysis of proteins, nucleic acids, metabolites, enzyme activities and other endogenous molecules, and the determination of disease-related targets is reviewed. In addition, this review discusses the future development opportunities and challenges of biorthogonal reactions. This review presents an overview of recent advances for application in biomolecular analysis and disease diagnosis, with a focus on proteins, metabolites and RNA detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Qinhua Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Baoan Authentic TCM Therapy Hospital, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Wen Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Association between the APOE gene polymorphism and lipid profile and the risk of atrial fibrillation. Lipids Health Dis 2021; 20:123. [PMID: 34587962 PMCID: PMC8482687 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-021-01551-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between the APOE gene polymorphism and lipid profiles and atrial fibrillation (AF) remains controversial. The current study purposed to investigate how the APOE gene SNPs (rs429358 and rs7412) and lipid profile are associated with the risk for AF among the Hakka population in southern China. Methods Finally, 1367 patients were enrolled in this study, including 706 participants with AF (41 ~ 98 years old, 58.64 % male) and 661 non-AF subjects (28 ~ 95 years old, 59.46 % male). The collected data included baseline characteristics, medical history, laboratory tests and echocardiography parameters. A general linear model (two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)) and Tukey post-hoc tests were applied to identify an APOE allele, AF group, and interaction effect on lipid profiles. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for AF. Results For AF group, the most common genotype was E3/E3 (53.82 %), followed by E3/E4 (28.19 %), E2/E3 (13.60 %), E4/E4 (1.98 %), E2/E4 (1.84 %) and E2/E2 (0.57 %). The two-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey procedure showed the following: the lipid levels depended significantly on AF and APOE allele groups for TG, TC, LDL-C and Apo-B (all P < 0.001), and statistically significant interactions between AF and APOE allele were observed in the above 4 variables (all P < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis indicated that age ≥ 65years (P < 0.001), high diastolic blood pressure (DBP ≥ 90mm Hg, P = 0.018), a high levels of total cholesterol (TC ≥ 5.2mmol/L, P < 0.001) and triglyceride (TG ≥ 1.7mmol/L, P = 0.028), but not the two SNPs of the APOE gene (rs7412 and rs429358) (OR 1.079, P = 0.683), were significant independent risk factors for AF in the study population. Conclusions The principal findings of this study showed that individuals at high risk for AF were those over 65 years of age, higher DBP as well as high levels of TC and TG among the southern China Hakka population. The levels of TG, TC, LDL-C and Apo-B depended significantly on AF and APOE allele groups, and statistically significant interactions between AF and APOE allele were observed in the above 4 variables, although the APOE gene SNPs (rs429358 and rs7412) were no significant risk for AF incidence. Further investigation is needed to elucidate whether other SNPs of the APOE gene have a bearing on AF incidents.
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Xiong J, Yu Z, Zhang D, Huang Y, Yang K, Zhao J. A Nomogram for Identifying Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Chronic Kidney Disease. Clin Interv Aging 2021; 16:1303-1313. [PMID: 34267510 PMCID: PMC8275156 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s312129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Atherosclerosis contributes substantially to cardiovascular mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). But precise risk model for subclinical atherosclerosis in the CKD population is still lacking. The study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for screening subclinical atherosclerosis among CKD patients without dialysis. Patients and Methods A total of 1452 CKD stage 1‒5 has been recruited in this cross-sectional study. Subclinical atherosclerosis was diagnosed with carotid ultrasonography. Patients were divided into the training set and validation set. The risk factors of atherosclerosis were identified by the training set and confirmed by the validation set. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and decision curve analyses (DCA) were executed to evaluate the accuracy of fitted logistic models in training and validation sets. Finally, a nomogram based on constructed logistic regression model in all participants was plotted. Results A total of 669 (46.1%) patients were diagnosed with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that males, age, hypertension, diabetes, CKD stages, calcium, platelet, and albumin were risk factors for atherosclerosis. The accuracy of fitted logistic models was evaluated by the area under the ROC curve (AUC), which showed good predictive accuracy in the training set (AUC=0.764 (95% Confidence interval (CI): 0.733–0.794) and validation set (AUC=0.808 (95% CI: 0.765–0.852). A high net benefit was also proven by the DCA. Finally, these predictors were all included to generate the nomogram. Conclusion This proposed nomogram shows excellent predictive ability and might have a significant clinical implication for detecting subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachuan Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhikai Yu
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Daohai Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghui Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghong Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
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29
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Deng Y, Tu Y, Lao S, Wu M, Yin H, Wang L, Liao W. The role and mechanism of citrus flavonoids in cardiovascular diseases prevention and treatment. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:7591-7614. [PMID: 33905288 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1915745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been ranked as the leading cause of death in the world, whose global incidence is increasing year by year. Citrus, one of the most popular fruits in the world, is rich in flavonoids. Citrus flavonoids attract special attention due to a variety of biological activities, especially in the prevention and treatment of CVDs. The research progress of citrus flavonoids on CVDs have been constantly updated, but relatively fragmented, which needed to be systematically summarized. Hence, the recent research about citrus flavonoids and CVDs were reviewed, including the types and in vivo processes of citrus flavonoids, epidemiology study and mechanism on prevention and treatment of CVDs by citrus flavonoids. This review would provide a theoretical basis for the citrus flavonoids research and a new idea in the citrus industry development and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudi Deng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yali Tu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shenghui Lao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengting Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hantong Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Linqing Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenzhen Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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30
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From Mitochondria to Atherosclerosis: The Inflammation Path. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030258. [PMID: 33807807 PMCID: PMC8000234 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a key process in metazoan organisms due to its relevance for innate defense against infections and tissue damage. However, inflammation is also implicated in pathological processes such as atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall where unstable atherosclerotic plaque rupture causing platelet aggregation and thrombosis may compromise the arterial lumen, leading to acute or chronic ischemic syndromes. In this review, we will focus on the role of mitochondria in atherosclerosis while keeping inflammation as a link. Mitochondria are the main source of cellular energy. Under stress, mitochondria are also capable of controlling inflammation through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the release of mitochondrial components, such as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), into the cytoplasm or into the extracellular matrix, where they act as danger signals when recognized by innate immune receptors. Primary or secondary mitochondrial dysfunctions are associated with the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis by elevating the production of ROS, altering mitochondrial dynamics and energy supply, as well as promoting inflammation. Knowing and understanding the pathways behind mitochondrial-based inflammation in atheroma progression is essential to discovering alternative or complementary treatments.
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Caveolin-1 in autophagy: A potential therapeutic target in atherosclerosis. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 513:25-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Kresanov P, Mykkänen J, Ahotupa M, Ala-Korpela M, Juonala M, Kaikkonen J, Kähönen M, Lehtimäki T, Vasankari T, Viikari J, Raitakari OT. The associations of oxidized lipoprotein lipids with lipoprotein subclass particle concentrations and their lipid compositions. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 162:225-232. [PMID: 33098999 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) may promote atherosclerosis, whereas the reverse transport of oxidized lipids by high-density lipoprotein (HDL) may contribute to atheroprotection. To provide insights into the associations of lipoprotein lipid oxidation markers with lipoprotein subclasses at the population level, we investigated the associations of oxidized HDL lipids (oxHDLlipids) and oxidized LDL lipids (oxLDLlipids) with lipoprotein subclasses in a population-based cross-sectional study of 1395 Finnish adults ages 24-39 years. METHODS The analysis of oxidized lipids was based on the determination of the baseline level of conjugated dienes in lipoprotein lipids. A high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) platform was used to quantify circulating lipoprotein subclass concentrations and analyze their lipid compositions. RESULTS OxHDLlipids were mainly not associated with lipoprotein subclass lipid concentrations and lipid composition after adjustment for Apolipoprotein-A1 (Apo-A1), waist circumference and age. OxLDLlipids were associated with several markers of lipoprotein subclass lipid concentrations and composition after adjustment for Apolipoprotein-B (Apo-B), age and waist circumference. Several measures of HDL and LDL subclasses, including phospholipid and triglyceride composition, associated directly with oxLDLlipids. Cholesterol ester and free cholesterol composition in HDL and LDL associated inversely with oxLDLlipids. CONCLUSION We conclude that these results do not support the idea that HDL's particle size or composition would reflect its functional capacity in the reverse transport of oxidized lipids. On the contrary, oxLDLlipids were associated with the entire lipoprotein subclass profile, including numerous associations with the compositional descriptors of the particles. This is in line with the suggested role of LDL oxidation in atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petri Kresanov
- From Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland.
| | - Juha Mykkänen
- From Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland
| | - Markku Ahotupa
- From Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Mika Ala-Korpela
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland; NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markus Juonala
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Finland
| | - Jari Kaikkonen
- From Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, And Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33520, Finland
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland; The National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jorma Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- From Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland; Departments of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Finland
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Zbesko JC, Frye JB, Becktel DA, Gerardo DK, Stokes J, Calderon K, Nguyen TVV, Bhattacharya D, Doyle KP. IgA natural antibodies are produced following T-cell independent B-cell activation following stroke. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 91:578-586. [PMID: 32956832 PMCID: PMC8279117 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Up to 30% of stroke patients experience cognitive decline within one year of their stroke. There are currently no FDA-approved drugs that can prevent post-stroke cognitive decline, in part due to a poor understanding of the mechanisms involved. We have previously demonstrated that a B-lymphocyte response to stroke, marked by IgA + cells, can cause delayed cognitive dysfunction in mice and that a similar adaptive immune response occurs in the brains of some human stroke patients that suffer from vascular dementia. The stimuli which trigger B-lymphocyte activation following stroke, and their target antigens, are still unknown. Therefore, to learn more about the mechanisms by which B-lymphocytes become activated following stroke we first characterized the temporal kinetics of the B-lymphocyte, T-lymphocyte, and plasma cell (PC) response to stroke in the brain by immunohistochemistry (IHC). We discovered that B-lymphocyte, T-lymphocyte, and plasma cell infiltration within the infarct progressively increases between 2 and 7 weeks after stroke. We then compared the B-lymphocyte response to stroke in WT, MHCII-/-, CD4-/-, and MyD88-/- mice to determine if B-lymphocytes mature into IgA + PCs through a T-lymphocyte and MyD88 dependent mechanism. Our data from a combination of IHC and flow cytometry indicate that following stroke, a population of IgA + PCs develops independently of CD4 + helper T-lymphocytes and MyD88 signaling. Subsequent sequencing of immunoglobulin genes of individual IgA + PCs present within the infarct identified a novel population of natural antibodies with few somatic mutations in complementarity-determining regions. These findings indicate that a population of IgA + PCs develops in the infarct following stroke by B-lymphocytes interacting with one or more thymus independent type 2 (TI-2) antigens, and that they produce IgA natural antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob C. Zbesko
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | | | | | - Diana K. Gerardo
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | - Jessica Stokes
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | - Kylie Calderon
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | - Thuy-Vi V. Nguyen
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA,Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | | | - Kristian P. Doyle
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA,Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA,Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA,Corresponding author at: Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, 1656 E. Mabel Street, Tucson, Arizona 85719, USA. (K.P. Doyle)
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Delgado J, Ansorena D, Van Hecke T, Astiasarán I, De Smet S, Estévez M. Meat lipids, NaCl and carnitine: Do they unveil the conundrum of the association between red and processed meat intake and cardiovascular diseases?_Invited Review. Meat Sci 2021; 171:108278. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Wang Y, Xiao S, Zhou S, Zhang R, Liu H, Lin Y, Yu P. High Glucose Aggravates Cholesterol Accumulation in Glomerular Endothelial Cells Through the LXRs/LncRNAOR13C9/ABCA1 Regulatory Network. Front Physiol 2020; 11:552483. [PMID: 33192550 PMCID: PMC7604427 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.552483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The underlying mechanisms by which diabetes and dyslipidemia contribute to diabetic nephropathy (DN) are not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of high glucose (HG) on intracellular cholesterol accumulation in glomerular endothelial cells (GEnCs) and its potential mechanism. METHODS Oil red O staining, RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and immunocytofluorescence analyses were used to determine cholesterol accumulation and the expressions of LXRs and ABCA1 in GEnCs under high cholesterol (HC) and/or HG conditions, and the effect of these treatments was compared to that of low glucose without adding cholesterol. LncRNA microarrays were used to identify a long non-coding RNA (LncRNA OR13C9), of which levels increased in cells treated with the LXR agonist, GW3965. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was conducted to confirm subcellular localization of LncOR13C9 and a bioinformatics analysis was used to identify competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks between LncOR13C9 and microRNA-23a-5p (miR-23a-5p). Gain and loss of function, rescue assay approaches, and dual-luciferase reporter assay were conducted to study interactions between LncOR13C9, miR-23a-5p, and ABCA1. RESULTS We showed that HG could decrease the response ability of GEnCs to cholesterol load, specifically that HG could downregulate LXRs expression in GEnCs under cholesterol load and that the decrease in LXRs expression suppressed ABCA1 expression and increased cholesterol accumulation. We focused on the targets of LXRs and identified a long non-coding RNA (LncOR13C9) that was downregulated in GEnCs grown in HG and HC conditions, compared with that grown in HC conditions. We speculated that LncRNAOR13C9 was important for LXRs to increase cholesterol efflux via ABCA1 under HC. Furthermore, using gain of function, loss of function, and rescue assay approaches, we showed that LncOR13C9 could regulate ABCA1 by inhibiting the action of miR-23a-5p in the LXR pathway. Furthermore, dual-luciferase reporter assay was conducted to study the interaction of LncOR13C9 with miR-23a-5p. CONCLUSION Overall, our study identified the LXRs/LncOR13C9/miR23A-5p/ABCA1 regulatory network in GEnCs, which may be helpful to better understand the effect of HG on cholesterol accumulation in GEnCs under cholesterol load and to explore new therapeutic tools for the management of DN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pei Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Damiano S, Sozio C, La Rosa G, Guida B, Faraonio R, Santillo M, Mondola P. Metabolism Regulation and Redox State: Insight into the Role of Superoxide Dismutase 1. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186606. [PMID: 32927603 PMCID: PMC7554782 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy metabolism and redox state are strictly linked; energy metabolism is a source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that, in turn, regulate the flux of metabolic pathways. Moreover, to assure redox homeostasis, metabolic pathways and antioxidant systems are often coordinately regulated. Several findings show that superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) enzyme has effects that go beyond its superoxide dismutase activity and that its functions are not limited to the intracellular compartment. Indeed, SOD1 is secreted through unconventional secretory pathways, carries out paracrine functions and circulates in the blood bound to lipoproteins. Striking experimental evidence links SOD1 to the redox regulation of metabolism. Important clues are provided by the systemic effects on energy metabolism observed in mutant SOD1-mediated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The purpose of this review is to analyze in detail the involvement of SOD1 in redox regulation of metabolism, nutrient sensing, cholesterol metabolism and regulation of mitochondrial respiration. The scientific literature on the relationship between ALS, mutated SOD1 and metabolism will also be explored, in order to highlight the metabolic functions of SOD1 whose biological role still presents numerous unexplored aspects that deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Damiano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.D.); (C.S.); (G.L.R.); (B.G.)
| | - Concetta Sozio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.D.); (C.S.); (G.L.R.); (B.G.)
| | - Giuliana La Rosa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.D.); (C.S.); (G.L.R.); (B.G.)
| | - Bruna Guida
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.D.); (C.S.); (G.L.R.); (B.G.)
| | - Raffaella Faraonio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Mariarosaria Santillo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.D.); (C.S.); (G.L.R.); (B.G.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (P.M.); Tel.: +39-081-746-3233 (M.S.); +39-081-746-3225 (P.M.)
| | - Paolo Mondola
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.D.); (C.S.); (G.L.R.); (B.G.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (P.M.); Tel.: +39-081-746-3233 (M.S.); +39-081-746-3225 (P.M.)
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Nuszkiewicz J, Woźniak A, Szewczyk-Golec K. Ionizing Radiation as a Source of Oxidative Stress-The Protective Role of Melatonin and Vitamin D. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5804. [PMID: 32823530 PMCID: PMC7460937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) has found widespread application in modern medicine, including medical imaging and radiotherapy. As a result, both patients and healthcare professionals are exposed to various IR doses. To minimize the negative side effects of radiation associated with oxidative imbalance, antioxidant therapy has been considered. In this review, studies on the effects of melatonin and vitamin D on radiation-induced oxidative stress are discussed. According to the research data, both substances meet the conditions for use as agents that protect humans against IR-induced tissue damage. Numerous studies have confirmed that melatonin, a hydro- and lipophilic hormone with strong antioxidant properties, can potentially be used as a radioprotectant in humans. Less is known about the radioprotective effects of vitamin D, but the results to date have been promising. Deficiencies in melatonin and vitamin D are common in modern societies and may contribute to the severity of adverse side effects of medical IR exposure. Hence, supporting supplementation with both substances seems to be of first importance. Interestingly, both melatonin and vitamin D have been found to selectively radiosensitise cancer cells, which makes them promising adjuvants in radiotherapy. More research is needed in this area, especially in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Nuszkiewicz
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | | | - Karolina Szewczyk-Golec
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
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Al-Otaibi SN, Alshammari GM, AlMohanna FH, Al-Khalifa AS, Yahya MA. Antihyperlipidemic and hepatic antioxidant effects of Leek leaf methanol extract in high fat diet-fed rats. ALL LIFE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2020.1792355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Setah Naif Al-Otaibi
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghedeir Muslem Alshammari
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Falah Hassan AlMohanna
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Saleh Al-Khalifa
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abdo Yahya
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Song W, Guan J, He P, Fan S, Zhi H, Wang L. Mediating effects of lipids on the association between smoking and coronary artery disease risk among Chinese. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:149. [PMID: 32576261 PMCID: PMC7313194 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01325-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The mechanism between smoking and coronary artery disease (CAD) remains unclear. It is likely that lipid (including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C)) have been functioning as one of the mediators between smoking and the CAD occurrence. The study aimed to investigate the mediating effect of lipid on the relationship between smoking and CAD risk. Methods The case-control study included 2048 subjects. General linear regression analysis was used to corroborate the association between smoking and lipid levels. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to reveal the relationship between smoking, lipid and the risk of CAD. Mediation analysis was used to investigate whether the association between smoking and CAD risk was mediated by lipid. Results Smoking was found to be associated with the risk of CAD (odds ratio (OR) = 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05–1.71, P = 0.019). Regression analysis showed that TG, TC and HDL-C were associated with CAD (OR = 2.69, 95%CI: 2.12–3.40, P < 0.001; OR = 0.34, 95%CI: 0.29–0.43, P < 0.001; OR = 0.37, 95%CI: 0.30–0.47, P < 0.001). Moreover, the ratio of TG to HDL-C (TG/HDL-C) was also related to CAD (OR = 4.45, 95%CI: 3.52–5.64, P < 0.001). Mediation analysis showed that among the effects of smoking on CAD, 17.52% was mediated by lipid, in which HDL-C accounted for 11.16% and TG accounted for 6.36%. Further analysis showed that the effect was also partially mediated by TG/HDL-C, which was accounted for 28%. Conclusions Lipid plays a partial mediation on the association between smoking and CAD risk. The study provides a clue on the mediation effect of lipids on the relationship between smoking and CAD risks, which is a novel insight to the progression of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Song
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 87 Ding Jiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jieqiong Guan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 87 Ding Jiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Pan He
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 87 Ding Jiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Siyu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 87 Ding Jiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hong Zhi
- Department of Cardiology, ZhongDa Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 87 Ding Jiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Natural Products, Traditional Uses and Pharmacological Activities of the Genus Biebersteinia (Biebersteiniaceae). PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9050595. [PMID: 32392890 PMCID: PMC7285204 DOI: 10.3390/plants9050595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been known as a rich source of natural products (NPs). Due to their diverse chemical structures and remarkable pharmacological activities, NPs are regarded as important repertoires for drug discovery and development. Biebersteinia plant species belong to the Biebersteiniaceae family, and have been used in folk medicines in China and Iran for ages. However, the chemical properties, bioactivities and modes of action of the NPs produced by medicinal Biebersteinia species are poorly understood despite the fact that there are only four known Biebersteinia species worldwide. Here, we reviewed the chemical classifications and diversity of the various NPs found in the four known Biebersteinia species. We found that the major chemical categories in these plants include flavonoids, alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, terpenoids, essential oils and fatty acids. We also discussed the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antioxidant, antihypertensive and hypoglycemic effects of the four Biebersteinia species. We believe that the present review will facilitate the exploration of traditional uses and pharmacological properties of Biebersteinia species, extraction of the NPs and elucidation of their molecular mechanisms, as well as the development of novel drugs based on the reported properties and mode-of-action.
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Nasser MI, Zhu S, Huang H, Zhao M, Wang B, Ping H, Geng Q, Zhu P. Macrophages: First guards in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Life Sci 2020; 250:117559. [PMID: 32198051 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, especially in developing countries. It is widely known that severe inflammation can lead to atherosclerosis, which can cause various downstream pathologies, including myocardial injury and viral myocarditis. To date, several strategies have been proposed to prevent and cure CVD. The use of targeting macrophages has emerged as one of the most effective therapeutic approaches. Macrophages play a crucial role in eliminating senescent and dead cells while maintaining myocardial electrical activity and repairing myocardial injury. They also contribute to tissue repair and remodeling and plaque stabilization. Targeting macrophage pathways can, therefore, be advantageous in CVD care since it can lead to decreased aggregation of mononuclear cells at the injured site in the heart. Furthermore, it inhibits the development of pro-inflammatory factors, facilitates cholesterol outflow, and reduces the lipid concentration. More in-depth studies are still needed to formulate a comprehensive classification of phenotypes for different macrophages and determine their roles in the pathogenesis of CVD. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the understanding of the role of macrophages in the prevention and cure of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Nasser
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510100, China
| | - Shuoji Zhu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510100, China
| | - Huanlei Huang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510100, China
| | - Mingyi Zhao
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510100, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510100, China
| | - Huang Ping
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510100, China
| | - Qingshan Geng
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510100, China.
| | - Ping Zhu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510100, China.
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Cai L, Zhang X, Hou M, Gao F. Natural flavone tricetin suppresses oxidized LDL-induced endothelial inflammation mediated by Egr-1. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 80:106224. [PMID: 31991371 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of many cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial dysfunction is recognized as a crucial early event in atherosclerotic lesion formation. Tricetin is a natural flavonoid derivative that has demonstrated a wide range of therapeutic properties. This study investigates the protective effect of tricetin in cultured endothelial cells. The results of our study show that tricetin suppressed oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced expression of pro-inflammatory monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), as well as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, our findings indicate that tricetin suppressed ox-LDL-induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). At the cellular level, the presence of tricetin inhibited ox-LDL-induced monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. Mechanistically, we showed that tricetin suppressed the induction of the endothelial receptor for ox-LDL, lectin-like ox-LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1), and the transcriptional factor early growth response 1 (Egr-1) as well as extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) activation. These data demonstrate that tricetin is a natural protective agent in vascular endothelial cells, indicating that tricetin could have a potentially beneficial effect in the modulation of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luming Cai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang, Jiangsu 214500, PR China
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang, Jiangsu 214500, PR China
| | - Meiling Hou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang, Jiangsu 214500, PR China
| | - Feng Gao
- Hospital Office, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang, Jiangsu 214500, PR China.
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Menopause-Associated Lipid Metabolic Disorders and Foods Beneficial for Postmenopausal Women. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12010202. [PMID: 31941004 PMCID: PMC7019719 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Menopause is clinically diagnosed as a condition when a woman has not menstruated for one year. During the menopausal transition period, there is an emergence of various lipid metabolic disorders due to hormonal changes, such as decreased levels of estrogens and increased levels of circulating androgens; these may lead to the development of metabolic syndromes including cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Dysregulation of lipid metabolism affects the body fat mass, fat-free mass, fatty acid metabolism, and various aspects of energy metabolism, such as basal metabolic ratio, adiposity, and obesity. Moreover, menopause is also associated with alterations in the levels of various lipids circulating in the blood, such as lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and triacylglycerol (TG). Alterations in lipid metabolism and excessive adipose tissue play a key role in the synthesis of excess fatty acids, adipocytokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and reactive oxygen species, which cause lipid peroxidation and result in the development of insulin resistance, abdominal adiposity, and dyslipidemia. This review discusses dietary recommendations and beneficial compounds, such as vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, phytochemicals—and their food sources—to aid the management of abnormal lipid metabolism in postmenopausal women.
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Cao W, Abdelgawwad MS, Li J, Zheng XL. Apolipoprotein B100/Low-Density Lipoprotein Regulates Proteolysis and Functions of von Willebrand Factor under Arterial Shear. Thromb Haemost 2019; 119:1933-1946. [PMID: 31493779 PMCID: PMC7814363 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1696713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proteolytic cleavage of von Willebrand factor (VWF) by a plasma a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motifs, member 13 (ADAMTS13) is regulated by shear stress and binding of coagulation factor VIII, platelets or platelet glycoprotein 1b, and ristocetin to VWF. OBJECTIVE Current study aims to identify novel VWF binding partners that may modulate VWF functions under physiological conditions. METHODS A deoxyribonucleic acid aptamer-based affinity purification of VWF, followed by tandem mass spectrometry, functional, and binding assays was employed. RESULTS Apolipoprotein B100/low-density lipoprotein (apoB100/LDL) was identified as a novel VWF-binding partner. Purified apoB100/LDL was able to accelerate the proteolytic cleavage of VWF by ADAMTS13 under shear in a concentration-dependent manner. This rate-enhancing activity was dramatically reduced when apoB100/LDL was oxidized. More interestingly, the oxidized apoB100/LDL appeared to compete with native apoB100/LDL for its enhancing activity on VWF proteolysis under shear. As a control, a purified apoA1/high-density lipoprotein (apoA1/HDL) or apoB48 exhibited a minimal or no activity enhancing VWF proteolysis by ADAMTS13 under the same conditions. Both VWF and ADAMTS13 were able to bind native or oxidized apoB100/LDL with high affinities. No binding interaction was detected between VWF (or ADAMTS13) and apoA1/HDL (or apoB48). Moreover, apoB100/LDL but not its oxidized products inhibited the adhesion of platelets to ultra large VWF released from endothelial cells under flow. Finally, significantly reduced ratios of high to low molecular weight of VWF multimers with increased levels of plasma VWF antigen were detected in LDLR-/- mice fed with high cholesterol diet. CONCLUSION These results indicate that apoB100/LDL may be a novel physiological regulator for ADAMTS13-VWF functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Cao
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Mohammad S. Abdelgawwad
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Jingzhi Li
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - X. Long Zheng
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
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Sorokin AV, Kotani K, Elnabawi YA, Dey AK, Sajja AP, Yamada S, Ueda M, Harrington CL, Baumer Y, Rodante JA, Gelfand JM, Chen MY, Joshi AA, Playford MP, Remaley AT, Mehta NN. Association Between Oxidation-Modified Lipoproteins and Coronary Plaque in Psoriasis. Circ Res 2019; 123:1244-1254. [PMID: 30571459 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.313608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory skin disease associated with cardiovascular disease and lipid dysfunction. However, traditional lipid parameters have limited prognostic value, whereas assessing oxidation-modified lipids in this inflammatory driven condition may capture additional risk. Recently, a study showed that psoriasis was associated with increased lipid-rich coronary plaques; therefore, investigating potential relationships with oxidation-modified lipids may speed understanding of increased cardiovascular disease in psoriasis. OBJECTIVE To understand whether oxidation-modified lipids associate with traditional lipid phenotypes, cardiometabolic disease biomarkers, and total coronary plaque, with focus on noncalcified burden (NCB) by coronary computed tomographic angiography in psoriasis. METHODS AND RESULTS Psoriasis subjects and controls (n=252) had profiling for oxidation-modified LDL (low-density lipoprotein), HDL (high-density lipoprotein), Lp(a) (lipoprotein[a]), cholesterol efflux capacity, lipoprotein particle size and number by NMR spectroscopy, and PON-1 (paraoxonase-1) activity. Blinded coronary computed tomographic angiography coronary artery disease characterization included total burden, NCB, and dense-calcified burden. Compared with healthy volunteers, psoriasis subjects were older (mean age, 50.1), had increased body mass index, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. Psoriasis subjects had increase in oxidized Lp(a), Lp(a), and oxidized HDL (oxHDL; P <0.05 for all) with significant association of oxidized LDL (β=0.10; P=0.020) and oxHDL (β=-0.11; P=0.007) with NCB. Moreover, psoriasis subjects expressed significantly higher PON-1 (kU/µL) activity compared with healthy volunteers (8.55±3.21 versus 6.24±3.82; P=0.01). Finally, psoriasis treatment was associated with a reduction in oxHDL (U/mL; 203.79±88.40 versus 116.36±85.03; P<0.001) and with a concomitant decrease in NCB at 1 year (1.04±0.44 versus 0.95±0.32; P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS Traditional lipids did not capture risk of lipid-rich plaque as assessed by NCB, whereas assaying oxidation-modification of lipids revealed significant association with oxidized LDL and oxHDL. The PON-1 activity was increased in psoriasis suggesting possible compensatory antioxidative effect. Psoriasis treatment was associated with a reduction in oxHDL. These findings support performance of larger studies to understand oxidation-modified lipids in inflammatory states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Sorokin
- From the Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Cardiovascular Branch, (A.V.S., Y.A.E., A.K.D., A.P.S., C.L.H., Y.B., J.A.R., M.Y.C., A.A.J., M.P.P., N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kazuhiko Kotani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-City, Tochigi, Japan (K.K.)
| | - Youssef A Elnabawi
- From the Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Cardiovascular Branch, (A.V.S., Y.A.E., A.K.D., A.P.S., C.L.H., Y.B., J.A.R., M.Y.C., A.A.J., M.P.P., N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Amit K Dey
- From the Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Cardiovascular Branch, (A.V.S., Y.A.E., A.K.D., A.P.S., C.L.H., Y.B., J.A.R., M.Y.C., A.A.J., M.P.P., N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Aparna P Sajja
- From the Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Cardiovascular Branch, (A.V.S., Y.A.E., A.K.D., A.P.S., C.L.H., Y.B., J.A.R., M.Y.C., A.A.J., M.P.P., N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Masashi Ueda
- Hokenkagaku-West, Co, Ltd, Kyoto-City, Japan (M.U.)
| | - Charlotte L Harrington
- From the Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Cardiovascular Branch, (A.V.S., Y.A.E., A.K.D., A.P.S., C.L.H., Y.B., J.A.R., M.Y.C., A.A.J., M.P.P., N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Yvonne Baumer
- From the Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Cardiovascular Branch, (A.V.S., Y.A.E., A.K.D., A.P.S., C.L.H., Y.B., J.A.R., M.Y.C., A.A.J., M.P.P., N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Justin A Rodante
- From the Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Cardiovascular Branch, (A.V.S., Y.A.E., A.K.D., A.P.S., C.L.H., Y.B., J.A.R., M.Y.C., A.A.J., M.P.P., N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Joel M Gelfand
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine (J.M.G.).,Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (J.M.G.)
| | - Marcus Y Chen
- From the Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Cardiovascular Branch, (A.V.S., Y.A.E., A.K.D., A.P.S., C.L.H., Y.B., J.A.R., M.Y.C., A.A.J., M.P.P., N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Aditya A Joshi
- From the Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Cardiovascular Branch, (A.V.S., Y.A.E., A.K.D., A.P.S., C.L.H., Y.B., J.A.R., M.Y.C., A.A.J., M.P.P., N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Martin P Playford
- From the Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Cardiovascular Branch, (A.V.S., Y.A.E., A.K.D., A.P.S., C.L.H., Y.B., J.A.R., M.Y.C., A.A.J., M.P.P., N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Section of Lipoprotein Metabolism, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch (A.T.R.), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Nehal N Mehta
- From the Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Cardiovascular Branch, (A.V.S., Y.A.E., A.K.D., A.P.S., C.L.H., Y.B., J.A.R., M.Y.C., A.A.J., M.P.P., N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Gao S, Wang C, Li W, Shu S, Zhou J, Yuan Z, Wang L. Allergic asthma aggravated atherosclerosis increases cholesterol biosynthesis and foam cell formation in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 519:861-867. [PMID: 31558320 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.09.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that allergic asthma can induce atherosclerosis formation in mice. Moreover, allergic asthma and atherosclerosis have been shown to be strongly associated with dyslipidemia. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanism of allergic asthma-aggravated atherosclerosis-induced cholesterol metabolism disorder in asthmatic apoE-/- mice. We found that allergic asthma increased the expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) in the liver and CD36 in the aorta during the acute and advanced stages of atherosclerosis, respectively. These results indicate that cholesterol biosynthesis is increased during acute atherosclerosis and cholesterol uptake and foam cell formation is increased during advanced atherosclerosis. Simvastatin administration significantly ameliorated the aortic root lesion size of asthmatic mice and significantly decreased HMGCR and CD36 expression. However, the expression of the low-density lipoprotein receptor and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 was markedly increased, indicating that the beneficial effect of statins in allergic asthma and coronary artery disease was mediated, at least in part, by decreasing cholesterol biosynthesis and foam cell formation. In conclusion, allergic asthma aggravates atherosclerosis by regulating cholesterol metabolism in apoE-/- mice. Allergic asthma selectively promotes cholesterol biosynthesis in acute atherosclerosis and increases foam cell formation in advanced atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Shan Shu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zuyi Yuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Shaanxi Province, China; Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Moldogazieva NT, Mokhosoev IM, Mel'nikova TI, Porozov YB, Terentiev AA. Oxidative Stress and Advanced Lipoxidation and Glycation End Products (ALEs and AGEs) in Aging and Age-Related Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3085756. [PMID: 31485289 PMCID: PMC6710759 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3085756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a consequence of the use of oxygen in aerobic respiration by living organisms and is denoted as a persistent condition of an imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the ability of the endogenous antioxidant system (AOS) to detoxify them. The oxidative stress theory has been confirmed in many animal studies, which demonstrated that the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and biomolecular stability and integrity is crucial for cellular longevity and successful aging. Mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired protein homeostasis (proteostasis) network, alteration in the activities of transcription factors such as Nrf2 and NF-κB, and disturbances in the protein quality control machinery that includes molecular chaperones, ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), and autophagy/lysosome pathway have been observed during aging and age-related chronic diseases. The accumulation of ROS under oxidative stress conditions results in the induction of lipid peroxidation and glycoxidation reactions, which leads to the elevated endogenous production of reactive aldehydes and their derivatives such as glyoxal, methylglyoxal (MG), malonic dialdehyde (MDA), and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) giving rise to advanced lipoxidation and glycation end products (ALEs and AGEs, respectively). Both ALEs and AGEs play key roles in cellular response to oxidative stress stimuli through the regulation of a variety of cell signaling pathways. However, elevated ALE and AGE production leads to protein cross-linking and aggregation resulting in an alteration in cell signaling and functioning which causes cell damage and death. This is implicated in aging and various age-related chronic pathologies such as inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, atherosclerosis, and vascular complications of diabetes mellitus. In the present review, we discuss experimental data evidencing the impairment in cellular functions caused by AGE/ALE accumulation under oxidative stress conditions. We focused on the implications of ALEs/AGEs in aging and age-related diseases to demonstrate that the identification of cellular dysfunctions involved in disease initiation and progression can serve as a basis for the discovery of relevant therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurbubu T. Moldogazieva
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Innokenty M. Mokhosoev
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1 Ostrovityanov Street, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Tatiana I. Mel'nikova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Yuri B. Porozov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, 49 Kronverksky Prospect, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Terentiev
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1 Ostrovityanov Street, Moscow, 117997, Russia
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Méndez-García LA, González-Chávez A, Trejo-Millán F, Navarrete-Zarco HU, Carrero-Aguirre M, Meléndez G, Chávez A, Escobedo G. Six Month Polypill Therapy Improves Lipid Profile in Patients with Previous Acute Myocardial Infarction: The Heart-Mex Study. Arch Med Res 2019; 50:197-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Miki T, Miyoshi T, Kotani K, Kohno K, Asonuma H, Sakuragi S, Koyama Y, Nakamura K, Ito H. Decrease in oxidized high-density lipoprotein is associated with slowed progression of coronary artery calcification: Subanalysis of a prospective multicenter study. Atherosclerosis 2019; 283:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Cheng Y, Zhou M, Zhou W. MicroRNA-30e regulates TGF-β-mediated NADPH oxidase 4-dependent oxidative stress by Snai1 in atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:1806-1816. [PMID: 30816428 PMCID: PMC6414159 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at a post-transcription level in living organisms. Great attention has been paid to the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS). The present study was designed to investigate the function of miRNA-30e in atherosclerosis and to explore potential mechanisms. The expression of miRNA-30e was decreased in an AS model, compared with the normal group. The downregulation of miRNA-30e increased oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in vitro. Then, overexpression of miRNA-30e led to decreased oxidative stress and ROS levels in vitro. The downregulation of miRNA-30e induced the protein expression of Snai1, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 (Smad2) and suppressed that of NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) in vitro. The activation of Snai1 or TGF-β attenuated the effects of miRNA-30e on oxidative stress in vitro. Consistently, the inhibition of Nox4 attenuated the effects of miRNA-30e on oxidative stress in vitro. These findings demonstrated for the first time that miRNA-30e regulated AS by TGF-β-mediated NADPH oxidase 4-dependent oxidative stress via Snai1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Meili Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Rui Jin Hospital, Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200020, P.R. China
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