1
|
Buitrago DM, Perdomo SJ, Silva FA, Cely-Veloza W, Lafaurie GI. Physicochemical Characterization, Antioxidant, and Proliferative Activity of Colombian Propolis Extracts: A Comparative Study. Molecules 2024; 29:1643. [PMID: 38611922 PMCID: PMC11013913 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Propolis extracts have been widely studied due to their popularity in traditional medicine, presenting incredible biodiversity. This study aimed to analyze propolis extracts' phytochemical, physicochemical, and biological activities from four different biogeographic zones of the Huila region (Colombia). The raw material samples were collected by the scraping method and the ethanolic extracts (EEPs) were obtained by cold maceration with ethanol (96%). The physicochemical and sensory characterization was carried out according to the protocols recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture and the main components of the EEPs were identified by LC-HRMS analysis. The determination of total phenols and flavonoids was carried out using colorimetric techniques. The antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity, and cell cycle regulation analyses in L929 and HGnF cells were evaluated using DPPH, Alamar Blue, and 7-amino actinomycin D (7-AAD) assays. The propolis samples presented an average yield of 33.1%, humidity between 1.6 and 2.8%, melting point between 54 and 62 °C, ashes between 1.40 and 2.19%, and waxes of 6.6-17.9%, respectively. The sensory characteristics of all samples were heterogeneous, complying with the quality specifications established by international standards. The polyphenolic and total flavonoid content was representative in the samples from Quebradon (255.9 ± 9.2 mg GAE/g, 543.1 ± 8.4 mg QE/g) and Arcadia (543.1 ± 8.4 mg GAE/g, 32.5 ± 1.18 g QE/g) (p < 0.05) that correlated with high antioxidant activity (Quebradon: 37.2 ± 1.2 µmol/g, Arcadia: 38.19 ± 0.7 µmol/g). In the chemical composition analysis, 19 compounds were characterized as phenolic acids and flavonoids, the most representative being chrysoeriol-O-methyl-ether, ellagic acid, and 3,4-O-dimethylcaffeic acid. Regarding biological activity, Quebradon and Arcadia propolis presented low toxicity with IC50 of 2.83 ± 2.3 mg/mL and 4.28 ± 1.4 mg/mL in HGnF cells, respectively, and an arrest of the cell cycle in the G2/M phase of 71.6% and 50.8% compared to the control (11.9%) (p < 0.05). In general, the results of this study contribute to the identification of valid quality criteria to evaluate Colombian propolis, contributing to its study and chemical and biological characterization as a source of raw material for industrial and pharmaceutical use. In addition, Quebradon and Arcadia propolis can be important sources of bioactive molecules for the development of new drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Marcela Buitrago
- Unidad de Investigación Básica Oral—UIBO, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia
| | - Sandra J. Perdomo
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Group-INMUBO, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia;
| | | | - Willy Cely-Veloza
- Área Bioclínica, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia;
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Cajica 250247, Colombia
| | - Gloria Inés Lafaurie
- Unidad de Investigación Básica Oral—UIBO, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hasnat H, Shompa SA, Islam MM, Alam S, Richi FT, Emon NU, Ashrafi S, Ahmed NU, Chowdhury MNR, Fatema N, Hossain MS, Ghosh A, Ahmed F. Flavonoids: A treasure house of prospective pharmacological potentials. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27533. [PMID: 38496846 PMCID: PMC10944245 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are organic compounds characterized by a range of phenolic structures, which are abundantly present in various natural sources such as fruits, vegetables, cereals, bark, roots, stems, flowers, tea, and wine. The health advantages of these natural substances are renowned, and initiatives are being taken to extract the flavonoids. Apigenin, galangin, hesperetin, kaempferol, myricetin, naringenin, and quercetin are the seven most common compounds belonging to this class. A thorough analysis of bibliographic records from reliable sources including Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, and others was done to learn more about the biological activities of these flavonoids. These flavonoids appear to have promising anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, antiviral, cytotoxic, and lipid-lowering activities, according to evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical research. The review contains recent trends, therapeutical interventions, and futuristic aspects of flavonoids to treat several diseases like diabetes, inflammation, bacterial and viral infections, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases. However, this manuscript should be handy in future drug discovery. Despite these encouraging findings, a notable gap exists in clinical research, hindering a comprehensive understanding of the effects of flavonoids at both high and low concentrations on human health. Future investigations should prioritize exploring bioavailability, given the potential for high inter-individual variation. As a starting point for further study on these flavonoids, this review paper may promote identifying and creating innovative therapeutic uses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasin Hasnat
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Suriya Akter Shompa
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mirazul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Safaet Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
- Drugs and Toxins Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories Rajshahi, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rajshahi, 6206, Bangladesh
| | - Fahmida Tasnim Richi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Nazim Uddin Emon
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Sania Ashrafi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Nazim Uddin Ahmed
- Drugs and Toxins Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories Rajshahi, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rajshahi, 6206, Bangladesh
| | | | - Nour Fatema
- Department of Microbiology, Stamford University Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1217, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sakhawat Hossain
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division, BCSIR Dhaka Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Avoy Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Firoj Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang D, Chen J, Pu L, Yu L, Xiong F, Sun L, Yu Q, Cao X, Chen Y, Peng F, Peng C. Galangin: A food-derived flavonoid with therapeutic potential against a wide spectrum of diseases. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5700-5723. [PMID: 37748788 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Galangin is an important flavonoid with natural activity, that is abundant in galangal and propolis. Currently, various biological activities of galangin have been disclosed, including anti-inflammation, antibacterial effect, anti-oxidative stress and aging, anti-fibrosis, and antihypertensive effect. Based on the above bioactivities, more and more attention has been paid to the role of galangin in neurodegenerative diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, skin diseases, and cancer. In this paper, the natural sources, pharmacokinetics, bioactivities, and therapeutic potential of galangin against various diseases were systematically reviewed by collecting and summarizing relevant literature. In addition, the molecular mechanism and new preparation of galangin in the treatment of related diseases are also discussed, to broaden the application prospect and provide reference for its clinical application. Furthermore, it should be noted that current toxicity and clinical studies of galangin are insufficient, and more evidence is needed to support its possibility as a functional food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Junren Chen
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Pu
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Luyao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fang G, Li X, Yang F, Huang T, Qiu C, Peng K, Yang Y, Lan C. Galangin attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity via activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase 1 signaling pathway to suppress oxidative stress and inflammation. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5854-5870. [PMID: 37655750 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) has aroused contradiction between its potent anti-tumor capacity and severe cardiotoxicity. Galangin (Gal) possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. We aimed to explore the role and underlying mechanisms of Gal on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with DOX (3 mg/kg, every 2 days for 2 weeks) to generate cardiotoxicity model and Gal (15 mg/kg, 2 weeks) was co-administered via gavage daily. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) specific inhibitor, ML385, was employed to explore the underlying mechanisms. Compared to DOX-insulted mice, Gal effectively improved cardiac dysfunction and ameliorated myocardial damage. DOX-induced increase of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and NADPH oxidase activity and downregulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were blunted by Gal. Gal also markedly blocked increase of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in DOX-insulted heart. Mechanistically, Gal reversed DOX-induced downregulation of Nrf2, HO-1, and promoted nuclear translocation of Nrf2. ML385 markedly blunted the cardioprotective effects of Gal, as well as inhibitive effects on oxidative stress and inflammation. Gal ameliorates DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation via activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Gal may serve as a promising cardioprotective agent for DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangyao Fang
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiuchuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Fengyuan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, People's Hospital of Luotian County, Huanggang, China
| | - Chenming Qiu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Peng
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongjian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cong Lan
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang F, Yan Y, Zhang LM, Li DX, Li L, Lian WW, Xia CY, He J, Xu JK, Zhang WK. Pharmacological activities and therapeutic potential of galangin, a promising natural flavone, in age-related diseases. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 120:155061. [PMID: 37689035 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extension of average life expectancy and the aggravation of population aging have become the inevitable trend of human development. In an aging society, various problems related to medical care for the elderly have become increasingly prominent. However, most of the age-related diseases have the characteristics of multiple diseases at the same time, prone to complications, and atypical clinical manifestations, which bring great difficulties to its treatment. Galangin (3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone) is a natural active compound extracted from the root of Alpinia officinarum Hance (Zingiberaceae). Recently, many studies have shown that galangin has potential advantages in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, which are common in the elderly. In addition, it also showed that galangin had prospective activities in the treatment of tumor, diabetes, liver injury, asthma and arthritis. PURPOSE This review aims to systematically summarize and discuss the effects and the underlying mechanism of galangin in the treatment of age-related diseases. METHODS We searched PubMed, SciFinder, Web of Science and CNKI literature database resources, combined with the keywords "galangin", "neurodegenerative disease", "tumor", "diabetes", "pharmacological activity", "drug combination", "pharmacokinetics", "drug delivery system" and "safety", and comprehensively reviewed the pharmacological activities and mechanism of galangin in treating age-related diseases. RESULTS According to the previous studies on galangin, the anti-neurodegenerative activity, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protective activity, anti-tumor activity, anti-diabetes activity, anti-arthritis activity, hepatoprotective activity and antiasthmatic activity of galangin were discussed, and the related mechanisms were classified and summarized in detail. In addition, the drug combination, pharmacokinetics, drug delivery system and safety of galangin were furtherly discussed. CONCLUSIONS This review will provide reference for galangin in the treatment of age-related diseases. Meanwhile, further experimental research and long-term clinical trials are needed to determine the therapeutic safety and efficacy of galangin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica & School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lin-Mei Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dong-Xu Li
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Wen-Wen Lian
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Cong-Yuan Xia
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jie-Kun Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Wei-Ku Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Arabshomali A, Bazzazzadehgan S, Mahdi F, Shariat-Madar Z. Potential Benefits of Antioxidant Phytochemicals in Type 2 Diabetes. Molecules 2023; 28:7209. [PMID: 37894687 PMCID: PMC10609456 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical relationship between diabetes and inflammation is well established. Evidence clearly indicates that disrupting oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium and elevated lipid peroxidation could be a potential mechanism for chronic kidney disease associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Under diabetic conditions, hyperglycemia, especially inflammation, and increased reactive oxygen species generation are bidirectionally associated. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and tissue damage are believed to play a role in the development of diabetes. Although the exact mechanism underlying oxidative stress and its impact on diabetes progression remains uncertain, the hyperglycemia-inflammation-oxidative stress interaction clearly plays a significant role in the onset and progression of vascular disease, kidney disease, hepatic injury, and pancreas damage and, therefore, holds promise as a therapeutic target. Evidence strongly indicates that the use of multiple antidiabetic medications fails to achieve the normal range for glycated hemoglobin targets, signifying treatment-resistant diabetes. Antioxidants with polyphenols are considered useful as adjuvant therapy for their potential anti-inflammatory effect and antioxidant activity. We aimed to analyze the current major points reported in preclinical, in vivo, and clinical studies of antioxidants in the prevention or treatment of inflammation in T2DM. Then, we will share our speculative vision for future diabetes clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arman Arabshomali
- Department of Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; (A.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Shadi Bazzazzadehgan
- Department of Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; (A.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Fakhri Mahdi
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA;
| | - Zia Shariat-Madar
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhong Y, Li MY, Han L, Tai Y, Cao S, Li J, Zhao H, Wang R, Lv B, Shan Z, Zuo HX, Piao L, Jin HL, Xing Y, Jin X, Ma J. Galangin inhibits programmed cell death-ligand 1 expression by suppressing STAT3 and MYC and enhances T cell tumor-killing activity. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 116:154877. [PMID: 37267692 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The flavonoid galangin (3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone) is derived from the root of Alpinia officinarum Hance, an edible and medicinal herb. Galangin has many biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-viral, anti-obesogenic, and anti-oxidant effects. However, the anti-tumor mechanism of galangin remains unclear. PURPOSE To elucidate the anti-tumor mechanisms of galangin in vitro and in vivo. METHODS MTT, western blotting, immunoprecipitation, RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence assays were used to assess the mechanism of galangin inhibiting PD-L1 expression. The effect of galangin on T cell activity was analyzed in Hep3B/T cell co-cultures. Colony formation, EdU, migration, and invasion assays were performed to explore the effect of galangin on cancer progression and metastasis. Anti-tumor effects of galangin were investigated in a xenograft model. RESULTS Galangin inhibited PD-L1 expression dose-dependently, which plays a major role in tumor progression. Moreover, galangin blocked STAT3 activation through the JAK1/JAK2/Src signaling pathway and Myc activation through the Ras/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Galangin reduced PD-L1 expression by suppressing STAT3 and Myc cooperatively. Galangin increased the killing effect of T cells on tumor cells in Hep3B/T cell co-cultures. Moreover, galangin inhibited tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through PD-L1. In vivo experiments showed that galangin suppressed tumor growth. CONCLUSION Galangin enhances T-cell activity and inhibits tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through PD-L1. The current study emphasizes the anti-tumor properties of galangin, offering new insights into the development of tumor therapeutics targeting PD-L1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhong
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ming Yue Li
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Lizhuo Han
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yi Tai
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Shen Cao
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hanyu Zhao
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Run Wang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Baojiang Lv
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhida Shan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hong Xiang Zuo
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Lianxun Piao
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hong Lan Jin
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yue Xing
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Xuejun Jin
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Juan Ma
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bee Pollen as Functional Food: Insights into Its Composition and Therapeutic Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030557. [PMID: 36978805 PMCID: PMC10045447 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bee pollen is a hive product made up of flower pollen grains, nectar, and bee salivary secretions that beekeepers can collect without damaging the hive. Bee pollen, also called bee-collected pollen, contains a wide range of nutritious elements, including proteins, carbs, lipids, and dietary fibers, as well as bioactive micronutrients including vitamins, minerals, phenolic, and volatile compounds. Because of this composition of high quality, this product has been gaining prominence as a functional food, and studies have been conducted to show and establish its therapeutic potential for medical and food applications. In this context, this work aimed to provide a meticulous summary of the most relevant data about bee pollen, its composition—especially the phenolic compounds—and its biological and/or therapeutic properties as well as the involved molecular pathways.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang R, Lu J, Pei G, Huang S. Galangin Rescues Alzheimer's Amyloid-β Induced Mitophagy and Brain Organoid Growth Impairment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043398. [PMID: 36834819 PMCID: PMC9960784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional mitochondria and mitophagy are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is widely accepted that restoration of mitophagy helps to maintain cellular homeostasis and ameliorates the pathogenesis of AD. It is imperative to create appropriate preclinical models to study the role of mitophagy in AD and to assess potential mitophagy-targeting therapies. Here, by using a novel 3D human brain organoid culturing system, we found that amyloid-β (Aβ1-42,10 μM) decreased the growth level of organoids, indicating that the neurogenesis of organoids may be impaired. Moreover, Aβ treatment inhibited neural progenitor cell (NPC) growth and induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Further analysis revealed that mitophagy levels were reduced in the brain organoids and NPCs. Notably, galangin (10 μM) treatment restored mitophagy and organoid growth, which was inhibited by Aβ. The effect of galangin was blocked by the mitophagy inhibitor, suggesting that galangin possibly acted as a mitophagy enhancer to ameliorate Aβ-induced pathology. Together, these results supported the important role of mitophagy in AD pathogenesis and suggested that galangin may be used as a novel mitophagy enhancer to treat AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Juan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Gang Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Laboratory of Receptor-Based Biomedicine, The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Shichao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sun J, Xu J, Liu Y, Xu X, Zhang S, Hao Y, Lin Y, Han Y, Li F, Yuan H. Proteomic and metabolomic analyses reveal the novel targets of spermine for alleviating diabetic cardiomyopathy in type II diabetic mice. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1022861. [PMID: 36312255 PMCID: PMC9614018 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1022861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes. Recent cardiology studies suggest that spermine has a cardioprotective effect. Here, we used proteomic and metabolomic analyses to reveal the underlying research targets in a type II diabetic (T2D) mouse model treated with spermine. Left ventricular tissues from nine mice (Control group, three; T2D group, three; T2D+SP group, three) were excised and analyzed. Quantitative analysis of the global proteome and metabolome was performed using the 4D label-free technique and untargeted metabolomics, respectively, and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and metabolites were used to perform bioinformatic analyses. A total of 169 DEPs were identified in T2D/Control group, including 115 upregulated and 54 downregulated proteins. Furthermore, 16 DEPs were identified in T2D+SP/T2D group, where these DEPs were found highly enriched in the cellular, metabolic processes, biological regulation, response to stimulus, and immune system process. The results of association analysis between proteomics and metabolomics showed that SP could affect the production of 51 metabolites by regulating the expression of 16 DEPs in the T2D+SP/T2D group. We also found that PRKG1 was closely related to the expressions of 10 overlapping metabolites between db/db and SP-treated mice. Our findings provide insights into the underlying mechanisms for DCM and suggest the potential applicability of utilizing spermine on protecting against DCM-associated cardiac function deterioration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Jiyu Xu
- School of Medical Imaging, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Research Department, Animal Research Institute, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyi Xu
- The First Clinical School of Medicine, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Shumin Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yankun Hao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yitong Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yue Han
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Feiya Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hui Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China,School of Stomatology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China,*Correspondence: Hui Yuan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Salama SA, Abd-Allah GM, Gad HS, Kabel AM. Galangin attenuates cadmium-evoked nephrotoxicity: Targeting nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, and nuclear factor kappa B signaling. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23059. [PMID: 35384154 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The kidney is highly vulnerable to cadmium-evoked oxidative injury. Galangin is a natural flavone with reported antioxidant properties. This study investigated the potential modulating activity of galangin against cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity and explored the underlining mechanisms. Western blot analysis, spectrophotometric, ELISA, and histopathological techniques were employed. The results revealed that galangin suppressed tubular injury and improved glomerular function in the cadmium-intoxicated rats as evidenced by downregulation of kidney injury molecule-1, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen. Galangin reduced cadmium-evoked inflammatory response and oxidative stress as indicated by reduced levels of interleukin-1 beta and TNF-α, decreased DNA damage, and improved antioxidant potential of the renal tissues. Mechanistically, galangin suppressed the nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome and efficiently decreased caspase-1 activity in the cadmium-intoxicated rats. Equally important, it inhibited the cadmium-induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B and upregulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling. The results highlight the ability of galangin to attenuate cadmium-evoked nephrotoxicity and support its therapeutic implementation although clinical investigations are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samir A Salama
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamil M Abd-Allah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr, Egypt
| | - Hesham S Gad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Kabel
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Omar H, Gao F, Yoo H, Bim O, Garcia C, LePard KJ, Mitchell JC, Agostini-Walesch G, Carrilho MR. Changes to dentin extracellular matrix following treatment with plant-based polyphenols. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 126:105055. [PMID: 34929591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.105055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether treatment with plant-based polyphenols (PB-P) affected the biochemical and/or biomechanical properties of dentin extracellular matrix (ECM). Three PB-Ps were evaluated: luteolin (LT), galangin (GL), and proanthocyanidin (PAC). Because dentin ECM requires demineralization before treatment, this study also assessed the effect of these PB-Ps on dentin demineralized by two different chemicals. Dentin samples from extracted third molars were obtained, sectioned, and randomly assigned for demineralization with either phosphoric acid (PA) or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Following demineralization, baseline infrared (IR) spectra and apparent elastic modulus (AE) of each specimen were independently acquired. Based upon these initial tests, samples were randomly assigned to one of the PB-P treatments to ensure that distribution of baseline AE was similar across treatment groups. IR and AE specimens were individually immersed in either 0.2% LT, 0.4% GL or 1% PAC for 2 min. IR spectra of treated samples were compared to baseline IR spectra, looking for any interaction of PB-Ps with the demineralized dentin. The IR spectrum and AE of each PB-P-treated specimen were compared with their own correspondent baseline measurement. The ability of PB-Ps to inhibit proteolytic activity of dentin ECM was assessed by the hydroxyproline assay. Finally, the effect of PB-Ps on immediate bond strength of a dental adhesive to PA- or EDTA-etched dentin was also evaluated. PB-Ps exhibited distinctively binding affinity to dentin ECM and promoted significant increase in AE. PB-P treatment reduced the degradation rate of dentin ECM without causing detrimental effect on immediate bond strength to dentin. Our work represents the first-time that LT and GL have been assessed as dentin ECM biomodifiers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hussan Omar
- College of Graduate Studies, Biomedicals Science Program, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA; College of Pharmacy - Arizona, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Dental Medicine - Illinois, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Hyemin Yoo
- College of Dental Medicine - Illinois, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Odair Bim
- School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Carolina Garcia
- College of Dental Medicine - Illinois, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Kathy J LePard
- College of Graduate Studies, Biomedicals Science Program, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - John C Mitchell
- College of Dental Medicine - Illinois, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA; College of Dental Medicine - Arizona, Midwestern University, Glendale, IL, USA
| | | | - Marcela R Carrilho
- College of Dental Medicine - Illinois, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tuli HS, Sak K, Adhikary S, Kaur G, Aggarwal D, Kaur J, Kumar M, Parashar NC, Parashar G, Sharma U, Jain A. Galangin: A metabolite that suppresses anti-neoplastic activities through modulation of oncogenic targets. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 247:345-359. [PMID: 34904901 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211062510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With the dramatic increase in cancer incidence all over the world in the last decades, studies on identifying novel efficient anti-cancer agents have been intensified. Historically, natural products have represented one of the most important sources of new lead compounds with a wide range of biological activities. In this article, the multifaceted anti-cancer action of propolis-derived flavonoid, galangin, is presented, discussing its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-metastatic effects in various cancer cells. In addition, co-effects with standard chemotherapeutic drugs as well as other natural compounds are also under discussion, besides highlighting modern nanotechnological advancements for overcoming the low bioavailability issue characteristic of galangin. Although further studies are needed for confirming the anti-cancer potential of galangin in vivo malignant systems, exploring this natural compound might open new perspectives in molecular oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala 133207, Haryana, India
| | | | - Shubham Adhikary
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's, NMIMS, Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Ginpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's, NMIMS, Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Diwakar Aggarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Jagjit Kaur
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, ARC Centre of Excellence in Nanoscale Biophotonics (CNBP), Faculty of Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Sadopur 134007, India
| | | | - Gaurav Parashar
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Uttam Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Village-Ghudda 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Aklank Jain
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Village-Ghudda 151401, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Protective effects of galangin against H 2O 2/UVB-induced dermal fibroblast collagen degradation via hsa-microRNA-4535-mediated TGFβ/Smad signaling. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:25342-25364. [PMID: 34890367 PMCID: PMC8714160 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying the protective effects of galangin against H2O2/UVB-induced damage using in vitro and in vivo models of photodamage. Moreover, we identified the involvement of miRNA regulation in this process. The H2O2/UVB-treated HS68 human dermal fibroblasts and UVB-induced C57BL/6J nude mice were used as in vitro and in vivo models of photodamage. The results showed that galangin treatment alleviated H2O2/UVB-induced reduction in cell viability, TGFβ/Smad signaling impairment, and dermal aging. Based on the results of microRNA array analyses and database searches, hsa-miR-4535 was identified as a potential candidate miRNA that targets Smad4. In vitro, galangin treatment activated Smad2/3/4 complex and inhibited hsa-miR-4535 expression in H2O2/UVB-exposed cells. In vivo, topical application of low (12 mg/kg) and high doses (24 mg/kg) of galangin to the dorsal skin of C57BL/6J nude mice significantly alleviated UVB-induced skin photodamage by promoting TGFβ/Smad collagen synthesis signaling, reducing epidermal hyperplasia, wrinkle formation, and skin senescence, as well as inhibiting hsa-miR-4535 expression. Taken together, our findings indicate a link between hsa-miR-4535 and TGFβ/Smad collagen synthesis signaling and suggest these factors to be involved in the photo-protective mechanism of galangin in dermal fibroblasts against H2O2/UVB-induced aging. The evidence indicated that galangin with anti-aging properties can be considered as a supplement in skin care products.
Collapse
|
15
|
Chaihongsa N, Maneesai P, Sangartit W, Potue P, Bunbupha S, Pakdeechote P. Galangin alleviates vascular dysfunction and remodelling through modulation of the TNF-R1, p-NF-κB and VCAM-1 pathways in hypertensive rats. Life Sci 2021; 285:119965. [PMID: 34543638 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Galangin is a natural flavonoid isolated from ginger, honey and propolis. AIMS To investigate the effect of galangin on blood pressure, vascular changes, sympathoexcitation, oxidative stress and inflammation in rats treated with NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME). MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats (220-250 g) were given l-NAME (0.5 mg/mL in drinking water) to induce hypertension for 5 weeks. They were treated with vehicle, galangin (30 or 60 mg/kg), or amlodipine (10 mg/kg) for the final two weeks (n = 6/group). KEY FINDINGS Galangin significantly reduced blood pressure and improved the impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilation in hypertensive rats. Sympathoexcitation, including enhancement of contractile responses to electrical field stimulation, increases in intensity of tyrosine hydroxylase and plasma norepinephrine concentration in hypertensive rats, was attenuated by galangin treatment. Galangin also reduced systemic and vascular oxidative damage and increased plasma nitric oxide levels in the hypertensive groups. Aortic remodelling accompanied by aortic wall hypertrophy and fibrosis observed in hypertensive rats were alleviated by galangin treatment. Furthermore, galangin exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing the upregulation of tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNF-R1), phospho-nuclear factor kappa B (p-NF-κB) and vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM-1) in aortic tissue and reducing plasma tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in l-NAME rats. In conclusion, galangin had antihypertensive effects that were relevant to attenuating endothelial dysfunction, sympathoexcitation and vascular remodelling. These effects might be contributed by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities and modulation of the TNF-R1, p-NF-κB and VCAM-1 pathways in hypertensive rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisita Chaihongsa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Putcharawipa Maneesai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Weerapon Sangartit
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Prapassorn Potue
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Sarawoot Bunbupha
- Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44000, Thailand.
| | - Poungrat Pakdeechote
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Islam BU, Suhail M, Khan MK, Zughaibi TA, Alserihi RF, Zaidi SK, Tabrez S. Polyphenols as anticancer agents: Toxicological concern to healthy cells. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6063-6079. [PMID: 34679214 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols are a group of diverse chemical compounds present in a wide range of plants. Various biological properties such as antiallergic, antiviral, antibacterial, anticarcinogenic, antiinflammatory, antithrombotic, vasodilatory, and hepatoprotective effect of different polyphenols have been reported in the scientific literature. The major classes of polyphenols are flavonoids, stilbenoids, lignans, and polyphenolic acids. Flavonoids are a large class of food constituents comprising flavones, isoflavanones, flavanones, flavonols, catechins, and anthocyanins sub-classes. Even with seemingly broad biological activities, their use is minimal clinically. Among the other concurrent problems such as limited bioavailability, rapid metabolism, untargeted delivery, the toxicity associated with these polyphenols has been a topic of concern lately. These polyphenols have been reported to result in different forms of toxicity that include organ toxicity, genotoxicity, mutagenicity, cytotoxicity, etc. In the present article, we have tried to unravel the toxicological aspect of these polyphenols to healthy cells. Further high-quality studies are needed to establish the clinical efficacy and toxicology concern leading to further exploration of these polyphenols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Badar Ul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, J N Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mohd Suhail
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Kaleem Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Torki A Zughaibi
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed F Alserihi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,3D Bioprinting Unit, Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Kashif Zaidi
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shams Tabrez
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Galangin Attenuates Liver Injury, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, and Upregulates Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycemia increases the risk of liver damage. Oxidative stress and aberrant inflammatory response are entangled in diabetes-associated liver injury. This study evaluated the protective effect of the flavonoid galangin (Gal) on glucose intolerance, liver injury, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ), and the rats received Gal for six weeks. STZ-induced rats showed glucose intolerance, hypoinsulinemia, elevated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and decreased liver glycogen. Gal ameliorated glucose intolerance, reduced HbA1c%, increased serum insulin and liver glycogen and hexokinase activity, and suppressed glycogen phosphorylase, glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-biphosphatase in diabetic rats. Circulating transaminases, ALP and LDH, and liver ROS, MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were increased and GSH, SOD, and CAT were diminished in diabetic rats. In addition, diabetic rats exhibited multiple histopathological alterations and marked collagen deposition. Treatment with Gal mitigated liver injury, prevented histopathological alterations, decreased ROS, MDA, pro-inflammatory cytokines, Bax and caspase-3, and enhanced cellular antioxidants and Bcl-2. Gal downregulated hepatic Keap1 in diabetic rats and upregulated Nrf2 and HO-1 mRNA as well as HO-1 activity. Molecular modeling studies revealed the ability of Gal to bind to and inhibit NF-κB and Keap1, and also showed its binding pattern with HO-1. In conclusion, Gal ameliorates hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in diabetic rats. Gal improved carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes and upregulated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling.
Collapse
|
18
|
Su Y, Shen L, Xue J, Zou J, Wan D, Shi Z. Therapeutic evaluation of galangin on cartilage protection and analgesic activity in a rat model of osteoarthritis. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
|
19
|
Barber E, Houghton MJ, Williamson G. Flavonoids as Human Intestinal α-Glucosidase Inhibitors. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081939. [PMID: 34441720 PMCID: PMC8392382 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain flavonoids can influence glucose metabolism by inhibiting enzymes involved in carbohydrate digestion and suppressing intestinal glucose absorption. In this study, four structurally-related flavonols (quercetin, kaempferol, quercetagetin and galangin) were evaluated individually for their ability to inhibit human α-glucosidases (sucrase, maltase and isomaltase), and were compared with the antidiabetic drug acarbose and the flavan-3-ol(−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Cell-free extracts from human intestinal Caco-2/TC7 cells were used as the enzyme source and products were quantified chromatographically with high accuracy, precision and sensitivity. Acarbose inhibited sucrase, maltase and isomaltase with IC50 values of 1.65, 13.9 and 39.1 µM, respectively. A similar inhibition pattern, but with comparatively higher values, was observed with EGCG. Of the flavonols, quercetagetin was the strongest inhibitor of α-glucosidases, with inhibition constants approaching those of acarbose, followed by galangin and kaempferol, while the weakest were quercetin and EGCG. The varied inhibitory effects of flavonols against human α-glucosidases depend on their structures, the enzyme source and substrates employed. The flavonols were more effective than EGCG, but less so than acarbose, and so may be useful in regulating sugar digestion and postprandial glycaemia without the side effects associated with acarbose treatment.
Collapse
|
20
|
Salama SA, Elshafey MM. Galangin mitigates iron overload-triggered liver injury: Up-regulation of PPARγ and Nrf2 signaling, and abrogation of the inflammatory responses. Life Sci 2021; 283:119856. [PMID: 34329667 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIM Hepatotoxicity is a critical consequence of the iron overload conditions such as hemochromatosis and blood transfusion-requiring anemia. Iron induces hepatotoxicity largely through disruption of cellular redox homeostasis and induction of inflammatory responses. The present work explored the hepatoprotective activity of the bio-active flavone galangin against iron-evoked hepatotoxicity. MAIN METHODS Iron overload model was established in male Wistar rats via intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg iron-dextran subdivided over a ten-day experimental period. Galangin was administered in a daily oral dose of 15 mg/kg throughout the experimental period. Blood and liver tissue samples were collected on day eleven and subjected to biochemical and molecular investigations. KEY FINDINGS Galangin significantly reduced liver iron content and serum ferritin level, and alleviated the iron-evoked oxidative stress. It enhanced the liver cell integrity as reflected by decreased serum activity of the liver enzymes. Mechanistically, galangin up-regulated the redox-regulating transcription factor Nrf2 and its responsive proteins HO-1 and NQO1. Interestingly, galangin up-regulated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory protein PPARγ and serum hepcidin levels under the iron overload conditions. Equally important, it diminished the nuclear shift of the inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB p65 and down-regulated the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β. SIGNIFICANCE The results of the present study highlight the mitigating activity of galangin against iron-induced hepatotoxicity. The study accentuated targeting of Nrf2, PPARγ, and NF-κB signaling as potential contributing mechanisms. While clinical studies are still required, the current study supports the possible implementation of galangin in controlling iron overload-associated hepatotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samir A Salama
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mostafa M Elshafey
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11751, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Baby J, Devan AR, Kumar AR, Gorantla JN, Nair B, Aishwarya TS, Nath LR. Cogent role of flavonoids as key orchestrators of chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma: A review. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13761. [PMID: 34028054 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemopreventive approaches with food-derived phytochemicals are progressively rising as a significant aspect of tumor management and control. Herein, we have showcased the major phytoconstituents belonging to the group of flavanoid, as anti-cancer agents used for the treatment and prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sorafenib is the sole drug used for the treatment of advanced HCC, but its clinical application is limited because of its severe adverse effects and drug resistance. Diet-based chemoprevention seems to be the way forward for this disease of malignant nature. As HCC is derived from a chronic inflammatory milieu, the regular incorporation of bioactive phytochemicals in the diet will confer protection and prevent progression to hepatocarcinogenesis. Many preclinical studies proved that the health benefits of flavonoids confer cytotoxic potential against various types of cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma. As flavonoids with excellent safety profile are abundantly present in common vegetables and fruits, they can be better utilized for chemoprevention and chemosensitization in such chronic condition. This review highlights the plausible role of the eight most promising flavonoids (Curcumin, Kaempferol, Resveratrol, Quercetin, Silibinin, Baicalein, Galangin and Luteolin) as key orchestrators of chemoprevention in hepatocellular carcinoma with preclinical and clinical evidence. An attempt to address the challenges in its clinical translation is also included. This review also provides an insight into the close association of HCC and metabolic disorders which may further decipher the chemopreventive effect of dietary bioactive from a proof of concept to extensive clinical translation. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: According to GLOBOCAN 2020 database, it is estimated that 905,677 new cases of liver cancer and approximately 830,180 deaths related to that. The cancer incidence and mortality are almost similar as it is diagnosed at an advanced stage in patients where systemic drug therapy is the sole approach. Due to the emergence of multidrug resistance and drug-related toxicities, most of the patient can not adhere to the therapy regimen. Flavonoids are known to be a potential anticancer agent with an excellent safety profile. These are found to be effective preclinically against hepatocellular carcinoma through modulation of numerous pathways in hepatocarcinogenesis. But, the bioavailability issue, lack of well designed-validated clinical evidence, the possibility of food-drug interaction etc limit its clinical utility. The research inputs mainly to overcome pharmacokinetic issues along with suitable validation of efficacy and toxicity will be a critical point for establishing flavonoids as an effective, safe, affordable therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Baby
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Aswathy R Devan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Ayana R Kumar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | | | - Bhagyalakshmi Nair
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Thanatharayil Sathian Aishwarya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Lekshmi R Nath
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sangaraju R, Alavala S, Nalban N, Jerald MK, Sistla R. Galangin ameliorates Imiquimod-Induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation in BALB/c mice via down regulating NF-κB and activation of Nrf2 signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107754. [PMID: 34162135 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a most common chronic autoimmune-arbitrated cutaneous inflammatory skin disorder by unclear pathogenesis. In this current study we demonstrated the effect of galangin (GAL) on imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation and decipher its possible protective mechanism which has not been investigated. The in vivo results revealed that GAL at 1% w/w and 2% w/w for six consecutive days markedly reduced IMQ-induced PASI scoring, skin, ear thickness, hematological markers, levels of nitrites, TBARS, MPO, histopathological, as well modulated the protein levels of pro-inflammatory mediators of COX-2, iNOS, NF-κB pathway and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-17, IL-23, IL-1β in the skin and also IL-6, TNF-α in both skin and serum. Besides, GAL restored the levels of antioxidants markers such as SOD, CAT, GST, GSH, GR and Vit-C, anti-inflammatory cytokine of IL-10, and the protein levels of Nrf2/HO-1 in the skin compared to the IMQ group. Finally, our study demonstrates that GAL exerted its protective effect by up-regulating the anti-inflammatory and the antioxidant markers against psoriasis pre-clinical models indicating its potency for treating psoriasis in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Sangaraju
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
| | - Sateesh Alavala
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Nasiruddin Nalban
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
| | - Mahesh Kumar Jerald
- Animal House Facility, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Ramakrishna Sistla
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liao J, Liu B, Chen K, Hu S, Liu ZY, Li YX, Yang ZM, Zhang M, Chen X. Galangin attenuates oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis in high glucose-induced renal tubular epithelial cells through modulating renin-angiotensin system and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:551-560. [PMID: 34141169 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was to evaluate the regulatory network among Galangin (Gal), oxidative stress, and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in diabetic nephropathy (DN) in vitro. A cell model of DN was set up by exposing HK-2 cells to high glucose (HG, 30 mM) for 48 h and Gal was applied at 10 μM when needed. mRNA expression was analyzed by qPCR and protein level was detected by western blot. Malondialdehyde level and superoxide dismutase activity were evaluated by commercial kits. We analyzed cell viability by CCK8 assay and apoptosis by flow cytometry. DCFH-DA staining was conveyed for reactive oxygen species detection. HG induced RAS activation, oxidative stress, while inhibited cell viability. Gal suppressed oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis of HK-2 cells under the stimulation of HG via inhibiting RAS activation. Moreover, overexpression of AT1R, a RAS gene, could restrain the mitigative effect of Gal on cell injury. Furthermore, repression of RAS induced by AT1R knockdown partially reversed HG-induced PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation and oxidative stress in HK-2 cells. Also, AKT activation could antagonize Gal's functional roles in renal cell damage. Collectively, Gal alleviates HG-induced oxidative stress injury of renal tubular epithelial cells through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal via modulating RAS activation. This finding would help to better understand mechanism of DN development and support future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Hu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Yu Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Xin Li
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Ming Yang
- International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Galangin Resolves Cardiometabolic Disorders through Modulation of AdipoR1, COX-2, and NF-κB Expression in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050769. [PMID: 34066039 PMCID: PMC8150752 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Galangin is a natural flavonoid. In this study, we evaluated whether galangin could alleviate signs of metabolic syndrome (MS) and cardiac abnormalities in rats receiving a high-fat (HF) diet. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were given an HF diet plus 15% fructose for four months, and they were fed with galangin (25 or 50 mg/kg), metformin (100 mg/kg), or a vehicle for the last four weeks. The MS rats exhibited signs of MS, hypertrophy of adipocytes, impaired liver function, and cardiac dysfunction and remodeling. These abnormalities were alleviated by galangin (p < 0.05). Interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations and expression were high in the plasma and cardiac tissue in the MS rats, and these markers were suppressed by galangin (p < 0.05). These treatments also alleviated the low levels of adiponectin and oxidative stress induced by an HF diet in rats. The downregulation of adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and the upregulation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) expression were recovered in the galangin-treated groups. Metformin produced similar effects to galangin. In conclusion, galangin reduced cardiometabolic disorders in MS rats. These effects might be linked to the suppression of inflammation and oxidative stress and the restoration of AdipoR1, COX-2, and NF-κB expression.
Collapse
|
25
|
Li Z, Yang Y, Liu M, Zhang C, Shao J, Hou X, Tian J, Cui Q. A comprehensive review on phytochemistry, bioactivities, toxicity studies, and clinical studies on Ficus carica Linn. leaves. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111393. [PMID: 33761610 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The leaves of Ficus carica Linn. (FC) have been widely used for medicine purposes since ancient times, and its decoction is consumed as tea. Many scientific papers have been published in the literature and the researchers across the world are still exploring the health benefits of FC leaves. In this review, we have collected the literature published since 2010 in the databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar and local classic herbal literature. The summary of the chemical constituents in FC leaves, biological activities, toxicity studies, and clinical studies carried out on FC leaves is provided in this review. In addition, the molecular mechanisms of the active constituents in FC leaves are also comprehended. FC leaves are reported to 126 constituents out of which the polyphenolic compounds are predominant. Many scientific studies have proven the antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anticholinesterase, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective activities. Many studies have carried out to provide the insights on molecular pathways involved in the biological activities of FC leaves. The toxicity studies have suggested that FC leaves exhibit toxicity only at very high doses. We believe this review serve as a comprehensive resource for those who are interested to understand the scientific evidence that support the medicinal values of FC leaves and also the research gaps to further improve the commercial value and health benefits of FC leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Ying Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Chenghua Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Junjing Shao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Xuewen Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Jingzhen Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266041, China.
| | - Qinghua Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abukhalil MH, Althunibat OY, Aladaileh SH, Al-Amarat W, Obeidat HM, Al-Khawalde AAMA, Hussein OE, Alfwuaires MA, Algefare AI, Alanazi KM, Al-Swailmi FK, Arab HH, Mahmoud AM. Galangin attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy through modulating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111410. [PMID: 33752930 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of morbidity in diabetes. Oxidative stress and inflammation are implicated in the development and progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). This study explored the cardioprotective effect of galangin (Gal), a natural flavonoid with radical-scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities, in diabetic rats. An experimental diabetic rat model was achieved by a single injection of 50 mg/kg streptozotocin. Gal (15 mg/kg) was administered daily for six weeks and the samples were then collected. Diabetic rats exhibited hyperglycemia, increased glycosylated hemoglobin, triglycerides and cholesterol levels and reduced serum insulin. Serum troponin I, CK-MB and LDH were increased in diabetic rats. Furthermore, hearts of diabetic rats were characterized by elevated malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS, IL-6, Bax, caspase-3 and 8-Oxo-dG, and decreased superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced GSH, and Bcl-2. Gal ameliorated hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and heart function markers, and prevented histopathological alterations in diabetic rats. In addition, Gal attenuated cardiac oxidative injury, inflammation and apoptosis, and boosted antioxidant defenses. In conclusion, Gal has a protective effect on cardiomyopathy by attenuating hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H Abukhalil
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma'an 71111, Jordan; Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma'an 71111, Jordan.
| | - Osama Y Althunibat
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma'an 71111, Jordan
| | - Saleem H Aladaileh
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma'an 71111, Jordan; Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam Al-Amarat
- Department of Medical Support, Al-karak University College, Al-Balqa' Applied University, As-Salt 206, Jordan
| | - Heba M Obeidat
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma'an 71111, Jordan
| | - Alayn' Al-Marddyah A Al-Khawalde
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma'an 71111, Jordan
| | - Omnia E Hussein
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Manal A Alfwuaires
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmohsen I Algefare
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M Alanazi
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farhan K Al-Swailmi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany H Arab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman M Mahmoud
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt; Biotechnology Department, Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang L, Xue J, Wei F, Zheng G, Cheng M, Liu S. Chemopreventive effect of galangin against benzo(a)pyrene-induced stomach tumorigenesis through modulating aryl hydrocarbon receptor in Swiss albino mice. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:1434-1444. [PMID: 33663268 DOI: 10.1177/0960327121997979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to evaluate the chemopreventive potential of galangin against benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)-induced stomach carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice. Stomach cancer was induced in experimental mice using BaP oral administration. The mice were treated with galangin (10 mg/kg b.wt.) before and during BaP administration. Oral administration of galangin at a dose of 10 mg/kg b.wt. significantly (p < 0.05) prevented the tumor incidence, tumor volume in the experimental animals. Further, galangin pretreatment prevents BaP-induced lipid peroxidation and restores BaP-mediated loss of cellular antioxidants status. It has also been found that galangin prevents BaP-induced activation of phase I detoxification enzymes. Furthermore, galangin pretreatment prevented the BaP-induced overexpression of cytochrome P450s isoform genes (CYP1A1, CYP1B1), aryl hydrocarbon receptor system (AhR, ARNT), transcriptional activators (CBP/p300, NF-kB), tumor growth factors, proto-oncogenes, invasion markers (TGFB, SRC-1, MYC, iNOS, MMP2, MMP9) and Phase II metabolic isoenzyme genes (GST) in the stomach tissue homogenate when compared to the control groups. The western blot results confirm that galangin (10 mg/kg. b.wt.) treatment significantly prevented the BaP-mediated expression of ArR, ARNT, and CYP1A1 proteins in the mouse stomach tissue. Therefore, the present results confirm that galangin prevents BaP-induced stomach carcinogenesis probably through modulating ArR and ARNT expression in the experimental mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of 91593Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.,Contributed equally
| | - J Xue
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, 26469Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.,Contributed equally
| | - F Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central Hospital of Haining, Haining City, Zhejiang, China
| | - G Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of 91593Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - M Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tianyou Hospital, 12476Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, 499782Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li R, Wang B, Wu C, Li D, Wu Y, Ye L, Ye L, Chen X, Li P, Yuan Y, Zhang H, Xie L, Li X, Xiao J, Wang J. Acidic fibroblast growth factor attenuates type 2 diabetes-induced demyelination via suppressing oxidative stress damage. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:107. [PMID: 33479232 PMCID: PMC7819983 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03407-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) produces a common complication, peripheral neuropathy, which is accompanied by nerve fiber disorder, axon atrophy, and demyelination. Growing evidence has characterized the beneficial effects of acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) and shown that it relieves hyperglycemia, increases insulin sensitivity, and ameliorates neuropathic impairment. However, there is scarce evidence on the role of aFGF on remodeling of aberrant myelin under hyperglycemia condition. Presently, we observed that the expression of aFGF was rapidly decreased in a db/db T2DM mouse model. Administration of exogenous aFGF was sufficient to block acute demyelination and nerve fiber disorganization. Furthermore, this strong anti-demyelinating effect was most likely dominated by an aFGF-mediated increase of Schwann cell (SC) proliferation and migration as well as suppression of its apoptosis. Mechanistically, the beneficial biological effects of aFGF on SC behavior and abnormal myelin morphology were likely due to the inhibition of hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress activation, which was most likely activated by kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid-derived-like 2 (Nrf2) signaling. Thus, this evidence indicates that aFGF is a promising protective agent for relieving myelin pathology through countering oxidative stress signaling cascades under diabetic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, Zhejiang China ,grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Research Center, Affiliated Xiangshang Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 315700 Ningbo, Zhejiang China ,grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XSchool of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Beini Wang
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Chengbiao Wu
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Research Center, Affiliated Xiangshang Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 315700 Ningbo, Zhejiang China
| | - Duohui Li
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Libing Ye
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Luxia Ye
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Xiongjian Chen
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Peifeng Li
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Ling Xie
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Jian Xiao
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Jian Wang
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lu M, Yan T. Myricitrin attenuates hypoxic-ischemia-induced brain injury in neonatal rats by mitigating oxidative stress and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/hemeoxygenase-1/antioxidant response element signaling pathway. Pharmacogn Mag 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_397_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
30
|
Aloud AA, Chinnadurai V, Chandramohan G, Alsaif MA, Al-Numair KS. Galangin controls streptozotocin-caused glucose homeostasis and reverses glycolytic and gluconeogenic enzyme changes in rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2020; 126:101-106. [PMID: 30269607 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1498521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Galangin is a natural compound with anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. However, the ameliorating effect of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced glucose homeostasis has not yet been evaluated. Hence, this study was aimed at exploring the role of galangin in STZ-induced glucose homeostasis, glycolytic and gluconeogenic enzyme changes in rats. STZ-treated rats were characterised by increased plasma glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin and decreased plasma insulin and haemoglobin compared with the normal cage. Administration of galangin to STZ-treated rats effectively reversed the adverse biochemical and haematological changes. Significant alterations in glycogen levels as well as glycolytic and gluconeogenic enzyme activities were witnessed in STZ-treated rats, and these changes were reversed upon treatment with galangin. The compound exerts potent anti-hyperglycemic effects by regulating the glucose homeostasis and reversing the glycolytic and gluconeogenic enzyme changes in rats. However, the exact mechanism through which galangin prevents diabetic complications needs to be studied in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amal A Aloud
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Veeramani Chinnadurai
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Govindasamy Chandramohan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alsaif
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S Al-Numair
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Isopulegol Mitigates Hyperglycemia Mediated Oxidative and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in HFD/STZ Induced Diabetic Rats. Arch Med Res 2020; 51:204-214. [PMID: 32111490 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stresses contribute to the pathogenesis of β-cell dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. This study investigates the effect of isopulegol on the above stresses in HFD/STZ induced diabetic rats. METHODS Animals in group I and II were placed in normal pellet diet and group II was treated with isopulegol at 200 mg/kg b.w. Animals in groups III-V were placed in HFD for 4 weeks and made diabetic with single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (35 mg/kg b.w) in 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 4.5). Group III served as diabetic control while animals in group IV and V were treated with isopulegol (100 mg/kg b.w) and metformin (25 mg/kg b.w) respectively for 28 d. RESULTS The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione sulphur transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and the levels of vitamin-E, vitamin-C, reduced glutathione (GSH) were significantly (p <0.05) decreased in plasma and tissues of diabetic rats. Thiobarbituric acid reactive acid substances (TBARS) and lipid hydroperoxides (LHP), indices of lipid peroxidation were also significantly (p <0.05) increased in diabetic rats. In pancreatic tissue ER stress markers PERK, elf2α, ATF4 and in hepatic tissue oxidative stress marker UCP-2 expression was significantly (p <1.0) increased in diabetic rats. Administration of isopulegol significantly improved antioxidant status and decreased oxidative and ER stress markers in diabetic treated rats. Histopathological studies on liver and kidney supported the above findings. The results are comparable with the standard drug metformin. CONCLUSIONS Isopulegol a naturally occurring monoterpene alcohol attenuated oxidative and ER stress in HFD/STZ induced diabetic rats.
Collapse
|
32
|
Villas Boas GR, Rodrigues Lemos JM, de Oliveira MW, dos Santos RC, Stefanello da Silveira AP, Barbieri Bacha F, Ito CNA, Bortolotte Cornelius E, Brioli Lima F, Sachilarid Rodrigues AM, Belmal Costa N, Francisco Bittencourt F, Freitas de Lima F, Meirelles Paes M, Gubert P, Oesterreich SA. Aqueous extract from Mangifera indica Linn. (Anacardiaceae) leaves exerts long-term hypoglycemic effect, increases insulin sensitivity and plasma insulin levels on diabetic Wistar rats. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227105. [PMID: 31914140 PMCID: PMC6948748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common todays public health problems. According to a survey by the World Health Organization, this metabolic disorder has reached global epidemic proportions, with a worldwide prevalence of 8.5% in the adult population. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of aqueous extract of Mangifera indica (EAMI) leaves in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. METHODS Sixty male rats were divided into 2 groups: Normoglycemic and Diabetic. Each group was subdivided into negative control, glibenclamide 3 or 10 mg/kg, EAMI 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg. Intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin 100 mg/kg was used to DM induction. The hypoglycemic response was assessed acutely after two and four weeks of treatment. After a 6-hour fasting period, the fasting blood glucose of animals was verified, and 2.5 g/kg glucose solution was orally administered. The insulin tolerance test and plasma insulin levels assessment were performed in the morning after fasting of 12 to 14 hours. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The chemical analysis of EAMI showed high levels of phenolic compounds. There was no significant difference in fasting blood glucose between normoglycemic and diabetic groups, and that EAMI did not have an acute effect on diabetes. After two and four weeks of treatment, the extract significantly reduced blood glucose levels, exceeding glibenclamide effects. EAMI was effective in maintaining the long-term hypoglycemic effect, as well as, significantly increased the sensitivity of diabetic animals to insulin and the plasma insulin level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Roberto Villas Boas
- Research Group on Development of Pharmaceutical Products (P&DProFar), Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Flávia Barbieri Bacha
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Center of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caren Naomi Aguero Ito
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Center of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Brioli Lima
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Center of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Nathália Belmal Costa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Center of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Freitas de Lima
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marina Meirelles Paes
- Research Group on Development of Pharmaceutical Products (P&DProFar), Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Priscila Gubert
- Research Group on Development of Pharmaceutical Products (P&DProFar), Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Imunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sharma S, Naura AS. Potential of phytochemicals as immune-regulatory compounds in atopic diseases: A review. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 173:113790. [PMID: 31911090 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Atopic diseases (atopic dermatitis, asthma and allergic rhinitis) affects a huge number of people around the world and their incidence rate is on rise. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is more prevalent in paediatric population which sensitizes an individual to develop allergic rhinitis and asthma later in life. The complex pathogenesis of these allergic diseases though involves numerous cellular signalling pathways but redox imbalance has been reported to be critical for induction/perpetuation of inflammatory process under such conditions. The realm of complementary and alternative medicine has gained greater attention because of the reported anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory properties. Several case studies of treating atopic diseases with homeopathic remedies have provided positive results. Likewise, pre-clinical studies suggest that various natural compounds suppress allergic response via exhibiting their anti-oxidant potential. Despite the reported beneficial effects of phytochemicals in experimental model system, the clinical success has not been documented so far. It appears that poor absorption and bioavailability of natural compounds may be one of the reasons for realizing their full potential. The current paper throws light on impact of phytochemicals in the redox linked cellular and signalling pathways that may be critical in manifestation of atopic diseases. Further, an effort has been made to identify the gaps in the area so that future strategies could be evolved to exploit the medicinal value of various phytochemicals for an improved efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukriti Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Amarjit S Naura
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Thangaiyan R, Arjunan S, Govindasamy K, Khan HA, Alhomida AS, Prasad NR. Galangin Attenuates Isoproterenol-Induced Inflammation and Fibrosis in the Cardiac Tissue of Albino Wistar Rats. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:585163. [PMID: 33328989 PMCID: PMC7734335 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.585163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Galangin (GA) is an active flavonoid of the rhizome of Alpinia galanga that belongs to the ginger family. GA exhibit potent anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, we evaluated the preventive effects of GA against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced inflammation and myocardial fibrosis in male albino Wistar rats. We found that GA (1 mg/kg b.wt.) pretreatment attenuated the ISO-mediated (5 mg/kg b.wt. for 14 consecutive days) elevation of heart rate, activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-MB (CKMB) in the rat serum. We also noticed that GA prevented the ISO-mediated cardiac markers i.e. cardiac troponin T and I (cTnT and cTnI) expression in the serum of rats. Further, GA pretreatment prevented ISO-mediated lipid peroxidation and diminished blood pressure and loss of antioxidants status in the heart tissue of ISO treated rats. In addition, GA treatment modulates ISO-induced alterations the expressions of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), p-AKT, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (p-GSK-3β) and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) in the heart tissue. Furthermore, molecular analysis (PCR array and western blot) revealed that GA pretreatment prevented inflammation and fibrosis related gene expression pattern in ISO-induced rats. Taken together, the results indicate the cardioprotective effect of GA against ISO-induced inflammation and fibrosis. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of GA could be considered for its cardioprotective effect in the ISO-treated rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radhiga Thangaiyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Tamilnadu, India
- *Correspondence: Radhiga Thangaiyan, ; Nagarajan Rajendra Prasad,
| | - Sundaresan Arjunan
- CAS in Marine Biology, Department of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Kanimozhi Govindasamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Dharmapuram Gnanambigai Government Arts College for Women, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Haseeb A. Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S. Alhomida
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagarajan Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Tamilnadu, India
- *Correspondence: Radhiga Thangaiyan, ; Nagarajan Rajendra Prasad,
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Aladaileh SH, Abukhalil MH, Saghir SAM, Hanieh H, Alfwuaires MA, Almaiman AA, Bin-Jumah M, Mahmoud AM. Galangin Activates Nrf2 Signaling and Attenuates Oxidative Damage, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in a Rat Model of Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9080346. [PMID: 31387329 PMCID: PMC6723184 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent; however, its clinical application is limited because of its multi-organ toxicity. Galangin (Gal) is a bioactive flavonoid with promising biological activities. This study investigated the hepatoprotective effect of Gal in CP-induced rats. Rats received Gal (15, 30 and 60 mg/kg/day) for 15 days followed by a single dose of CP at day 16. Cyclophosphamide triggered liver injury characterized by elevated serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and histopathological manifestations. Increased hepatic reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and oxidative DNA damage along with declined glutathione and antioxidant enzymes were demonstrated in CP-administered rats. CP provoked hepatic nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) phosphorylation and increased mRNA abundance of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) both expression and serum levels. Gal prevented CP-induced liver injury, boosted antioxidants and suppressed oxidative stress, DNA damage, NF-κB phosphorylation and pro-inflammatory mediators. Gal diminished Bax and caspase-3, and increased B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) in liver of CP-administered rats. In addition, Gal increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) expression and activated hepatic nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling showed by the increase in Nrf2, NAD(P)H: quinone acceptor oxidoreductase-1 (NQO-1) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in CP-administered rats. These findings suggest that Gal prevents CP hepatotoxicity through activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and attenuation of oxidative damage, inflammation and cell death. Therefore, Gal might represent a promising adjuvant therapy to prevent hepatotoxicity in patients on CP treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saleem H Aladaileh
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma'an 71111, Jordan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma'an 71111, Jordan
| | - Mohammad H Abukhalil
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma'an 71111, Jordan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma'an 71111, Jordan
| | - Sultan A M Saghir
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma'an 71111, Jordan
| | - Hamza Hanieh
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma'an 71111, Jordan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma'an 71111, Jordan
| | - Manal A Alfwuaires
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer A Almaiman
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, Community College of Unaizah, Qassim University, Buraydah 51431, Saudi Arabia
| | - May Bin-Jumah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman M Mahmoud
- Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sangaraju R, Nalban N, Alavala S, Rajendran V, Jerald MK, Sistla R. Protective effect of galangin against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in Balb/c mice. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:691-704. [PMID: 31147743 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01252-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is known to cause chronic inflammation in the digestive tract by the immune malfunction. Herein, we demonstrate the protective effect of galangin (GAL), a phytochemical, on LPS-induced inflammation in cultured mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7) and the treatment of DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in Balb/c mice. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of GAL in DSS-exposed experimental colitis has not been investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS We determined the levels of proinflammatory cytokines by ELISA, biochemical analysis using standard protocols and protein expression level of NF-κB signaling pathway and activation of Nrf2 gene pathway were analyzed by western blot analysis in colitis-induced mice. RESULTS Our in vitro studies showed that LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells treated with GAL reduced the levels of nitrites, IL-6, and TNF-α in a concentration-dependent manner. The results demonstrated that oral administration of GAL at 20 mg/kg (lower dose) and 40 mg/kg (higher dose) significantly reduced the severity of colitis and mitigated the clinical signs of both macroscopic and microscopic of the disease. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in colonic tissue and serum were reduced significantly and in GAL + DSS-treated group relative to DSS alone treated group. Increased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) was detected in colon tissues in GAL + DSS-treated groups relative to DSS alone treated group. We also observed decreased levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitrites and TBARS with increased SOD in colonic tissue of GAL + DSS group. Besides, GAL + DSS-treated animals significantly suppressed protein expressions of p-NF-κB and p-Ikk-βα, COX-2, iNOS, Nrf2 and increased HO-1 levels in colon tissues by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress. CONCLUSION Our study highlights the protective effect of galangin as an anti-inflammatory agent against the severe form of colitis in pre-clinical models suggesting its potency for the treatment of IBD in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Sangaraju
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500 007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Nasiruddin Nalban
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500 007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Sateesh Alavala
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Vinoth Rajendran
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Mahesh Kumar Jerald
- Animal House Facility, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Ramakrishna Sistla
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500 007, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rodríguez-García C, Sánchez-Quesada C, Gaforio JJ. Dietary Flavonoids as Cancer Chemopreventive Agents: An Updated Review of Human Studies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E137. [PMID: 31109072 PMCID: PMC6562590 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8050137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past few years, interest in health research has increased, making improved health a global goal for 2030. The purpose of such research is to ensure healthy lives and promote wellbeing across individuals of all ages. It has been shown that nutrition plays a key role in the prevention of some chronic diseases such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. One of the aspects that characterises a healthy diet is a high intake of vegetables and fruits, as both are flavonoid-rich foods. Flavonoids are one of the main subclasses of dietary polyphenols and possess strong antioxidant activity and anti-carcinogenic properties. Moreover, some population-based studies have described a relationship between cancer risk and dietary flavonoid intake. In this context, the goal of this review was to provide an updated evaluation of the association between the risk of different types of cancers and dietary flavonoid intake. We analysed all relevant epidemiological studies from January 2008 to March 2019 using the PUBMED and Web of Science databases. In summary, this review concludes that dietary flavonoid intake is associated with a reduced risk of different types of cancer, such as gastric, breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Rodríguez-García
- Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, University of Jaen, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.R.-G.); (C.S.-Q.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Quesada
- Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, University of Jaen, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.R.-G.); (C.S.-Q.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
- Agri-Food Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14005 Córdoba, Spain
| | - José J. Gaforio
- Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, University of Jaen, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.R.-G.); (C.S.-Q.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
- Agri-Food Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14005 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBER-ESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ma YL, Zhao F, Yin JT, Liang CJ, Niu XL, Qiu ZH, Zhang LT. Two Approaches for Evaluating the Effects of Galangin on the Activities and mRNA Expression of Seven CYP450. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24061171. [PMID: 30934565 PMCID: PMC6470853 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Galangin is a marker compound of honey and Alpinia officinarum Hance that exhibits great potential for anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-tumour and anti-inflammatory applications. Galangin is frequently consumed in combination with common clinical drugs. Here, we evaluated the effects of galangin on cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated metabolism, using two different approaches, to predict drug⁻drug interactions. Male Sprague Dawley rats were administered galangin daily for 8 weeks. A "cocktail-probes" approach was employed to evaluate the activities of different CYP450 enzymes. Blood samples of seven probe drugs were analysed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in positive and negative electrospray-ionisation modes. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated to identify statistical differences. CYP mRNA-expression levels were investigated in real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction experiments. The galangin-treated group showed significantly decreased AUC0⁻∞ and Cmax values for CYP1A2, and CYP2B3. The galangin-treated group showed significantly increased AUC0⁻∞ and Cmax values for CYP2C13 and CYP3A1. No significant influences were observed in the pharmacokinetic profiles of CYP2C11, CYP2D4 and CYP2E1. The mRNA-expression results were consistent with the pharmacokinetic results. Thus, CYP450 enzyme activities may be altered by long-term galangin administration, suggesting galangin to be a promising candidate molecule for enhancing oral drug bioavailability and chemoprevention and reversing multidrug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ling Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
- National Clinical Drug Monitoring Center, Department of Pharmacy, Hebei Province General Center, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
| | - Jin-Tuo Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
| | - Cai-Juan Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
| | - Xiao-Li Niu
- National Clinical Drug Monitoring Center, Department of Pharmacy, Hebei Province General Center, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
| | - Zhi-Hong Qiu
- National Clinical Drug Monitoring Center, Department of Pharmacy, Hebei Province General Center, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
| | - Lan-Tong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kalhotra P, Chittepu VCSR, Osorio-Revilla G, Gallardo-Velázquez T. Discovery of Galangin as a Potential DPP-4 Inhibitor That Improves Insulin-Stimulated Skeletal Muscle Glucose Uptake: A Combinational Therapy for Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051228. [PMID: 30862104 PMCID: PMC6429117 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is a well-known therapeutic drug target proven to reduce blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus, and clinically, DPP-4 inhibitors are used in combination with other anti-diabetic agents. However, side effects and skeletal muscle health are not considered in the treatment for diabetic patients. Recently, natural compounds have been proven to inhibit DPP-4 with fewer side effects. In this work, initially, molecular docking simulations revealed that a natural compound, Galangin, possess a binding energy of −24 KJ/mol and interaction residues SER 630 and TYR 547, that are responsible for potent DPP-4 inhibition. In vitro studies showed that galangin not only inhibits DPP-4 in a concentration-dependent manner but also regulates glucose levels, enabling the proliferation of rat L6 skeletal muscle cells. The combination of galangin with insulin benefits regulation of glucose levels significantly in comparison to galangin alone (p < 0.05). These findings suggest the beneficial effect of the use of galangin, both alone or in combination with insulin, to reduce glucose levels and improve skeletal muscle health in diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Kalhotra
- Departamento de Biofísica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Col. Santo Tomás, C.P. 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Veera C S R Chittepu
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu S/N, Col. Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco, CP. 07738 Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Guillermo Osorio-Revilla
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu S/N, Col. Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco, CP. 07738 Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Tzayhri Gallardo-Velázquez
- Departamento de Biofísica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Col. Santo Tomás, C.P. 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Aloud AA, Chinnadurai V, Govindasamy C, Alsaif MA, Al-Numair KS. Galangin, a dietary flavonoid, ameliorates hyperglycaemia and lipid abnormalities in rats with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycaemia. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2018; 56:302-308. [PMID: 29952676 PMCID: PMC6130595 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1474931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Galangin, a natural flavonoid, is found in honey and Alpinia officinarum Hance (Zingiberaceae). Galangin has antiviral, antimicrobial, antidiabetic and anticancer properties, without side effects. The effects of galangin on hyperglycaemia and lipid abnormalities are not known. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the effectiveness of galangin on hyperglycaemia-associated complications and lipid changes in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycaemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diabetes was induced in adult Wistar rats by administering 40 mg/kg of STZ. In our previous study, galangin had no toxicity at concentrations up to 320 mg/kg. Therefore three doses of galangin (4, 8 or 16 mg/kg BW) or glibenclamide (600 µg/kg BW) were administered daily to diabetic rats orally for 45 days. RESULTS Diabetic rats showed a significant (p < 0.05) increased levels of plasma glucose (281.10 mg/dL) and decreased levels of insulin (6.01 μU/mL). Additionally, diabetic rats showed a significant (p < 0.05) increased levels of plasma lipid profiles such as total cholesterol (149.05 mg/dL), triglycerides (143.28 mg/dL), free fatty acids (139.37 mg/dL), phospholipids (127.53 mg/dL), plasma low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (98.72 mg/dL), plasma very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (28.65 mg/dL), and significant (p < 0.05) decreased in plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (21.68 mg/dL). When galangin was administered to the hyperglycaemic rats, plasma glucose and insulin levels and lipid profiles reverted to levels similar to those in healthy control rats. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Administration of galangin reduced hyperlipidaemia related to the risk of diabetic complications and could be beneficial for diabetic hyperlipidaemic patients. Further work detailing its mechanism-of-action for improving hyperglycaemic-associated lipid abnormalities is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amal A. Aloud
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Veeramani Chinnadurai
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chandramohan Govindasamy
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Alsaif
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S. Al-Numair
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zeng L, Ding H, Hu X, Zhang G, Gong D. Galangin inhibits α-glucosidase activity and formation of non-enzymatic glycation products. Food Chem 2018; 271:70-79. [PMID: 30236734 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of α-glucosidase and non-enzymatic glycation is considered as an effective approach to treat type 2 diabetes. Herein, multispectroscopic techniques and molecular docking analysis were used to investigate the inhibition of galangin on α-glucosidase and non-enzymatic glycation. Galangin showed a reversible inhibition on α-glucosidase activity in a mixed-type manner through a monophasic kinetic process, and induced the fluorescence quenching and conformational changes of α-glucosidase by forming α-glucosidase-galgangin complex. Molecular docking revealed that galangin primarily interacted with the amino acid residues within the active site of α-glucosidase, which may prevent the entrance of substrate resulting in a decrease in catalytic efficiency of α-glucosidase. Moreover, galangin moderately inhibited the formation of intermediates of non-enzymatic glycation, fructosamine and α-dicarbonyl compounds and strongly inhibited the formation of advanced glycation end products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Huafang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Guowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Deming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; New Zealand Institute of Natural Medicine Research, 8 Ha Crescent, Auckland 2104, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Anti-neuroinflammatory effects of galangin in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglia through regulation of IL-1β production and the NF-κB signaling pathways. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 451:145-153. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3401-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
43
|
Ahangarpour A, Oroojan AA, Khorsandi L, Kouchak M, Badavi M. Antioxidant effect of myricitrin on hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress in C2C12 cell. Cell Stress Chaperones 2018; 23:773-781. [PMID: 29516429 PMCID: PMC6045534 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-018-0888-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia induced oxidative stress inside the cells. Myricitrin, as an antioxidant plant-derived component, may be useful in hyperglycemia. Hence, the aim of this study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant effects of myricitrin on hyperglycemia-induced oxidative damage in myotubes (C2C12 cells). In this experimental study, mouse myoblast cell line (C2C12) was obtained and divided into five groups: control, hyperglycemia, hyperglycemia + myricitrin 1, 3, and 10 μM. After treatment period for 48 h, cells were collected, homogenized, and centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 10 min. All samples were kept at - 80 °C until experimental and real-time PCR assessments were performed. Hyperglycemia increased malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.05), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (p < 0.001), and cellular apoptosis, and decreased levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) (p < 0.01), myotube glycogen content (p < 0.05), glucose transporter type 4 (Glut-4), and cellular viability (p < 0.001). Myricitrin administration improved SOD (p < 0.05), CAT (p < 0.01), muscle cell's glycogen content (p < 0.01), Glut-4 gene expression (p < 0.001), Thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) (p < 0.05), and Bax to Bcl-2 ratio (p < 0.001), and reduced MDA (p < 0.05) compared to hyperglycemia group. In conclusion, hyperglycemic condition induced oxidative stress along with cellular apoptosis, and myricitrin improved these disorders. Also, low and moderate doses of myricitrin are more efficient on skeletal muscle cells exposed to hyperglycemic statues than a high concentration of this antioxidant agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akram Ahangarpour
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Oroojan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Student Research Committee of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Cell & Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Kouchak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Badavi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Alejandra Sánchez-Muñoz M, Valdez-Solana MA, Campos-Almazán MI, Flores-Herrera Ó, Esparza-Perusquía M, Olvera-Sánchez S, García-Arenas G, Avitia-Domínguez C, Téllez-Valencia A, Sierra-Campos E. Streptozotocin-Induced Adaptive Modification of Mitochondrial Supercomplexes in Liver of Wistar Rats and the Protective Effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. Biochem Res Int 2018; 2018:5681081. [PMID: 29686903 PMCID: PMC5852898 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5681081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of diabetes continues to be a major health issue worldwide. Alteration of mitochondrial electron transport chain is a recognized hallmark of the diabetic-associated decline in liver bioenergetics; however, the molecular events involved are only poorly understood. Moringa oleifera is used for the treatment of diabetes. However, its role on mitochondrial functionality is not yet established. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of M. oleifera extract on supercomplex formation, ATPase activity, ROS production, GSH levels, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation. The levels of lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation were increased in diabetic group. However, the levels were decreased in Moringa-treated diabetic rats. Analysis of in-gel activity showed an increase in all complex activities in the diabetic group, but spectrophotometric determinations of complex II and IV activities were unaffected in this treatment. However, we found an oxygen consumption abolition through complex I-III-IV pathway in the diabetic group treated with Moringa. While respiration with succinate feeding into complex II-III-IV was increased in the diabetic group. These findings suggest that hyperglycemia modifies oxygen consumption, supercomplexes formation, and increases ROS levels in mitochondria from the liver of STZ-diabetic rats, whereas M. oleifera may have a protective role against some alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mara Ibeth Campos-Almazán
- Facultad de Medicina y Nutrición, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Campus, Durango, DGO, Mexico
| | - Óscar Flores-Herrera
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mercedes Esparza-Perusquía
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sofia Olvera-Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe García-Arenas
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Campus, Gómez Palacio, DGO, Mexico
| | - Claudia Avitia-Domínguez
- Facultad de Medicina y Nutrición, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Campus, Durango, DGO, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Téllez-Valencia
- Facultad de Medicina y Nutrición, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Campus, Durango, DGO, Mexico
| | - Erick Sierra-Campos
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Campus, Gómez Palacio, DGO, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Aloud AA, Veeramani C, Govindasamy C, Alsaif MA, Al-Numair KS. Galangin, a natural flavonoid reduces mitochondrial oxidative damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Redox Rep 2017; 23:29-34. [PMID: 28813209 PMCID: PMC6748697 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2017.1365224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: We designed this study to observe the effect of galangin
on damaged mitochondria in the liver of diabetic rats. Methods: Male albino Wistar rats were made diabetic by injecting
streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneally
(40 mg kg−1 body weight (BW)). Galangin
(8 mg kg−1 BW) or glibenclamide
(600 µg kg−1 BW) was given orally daily
once for 45 days to both healthy and diabetic rats. Results: Diabetic rats showed significant
(P < 0.05) increase in liver mitochondrial
oxidant [Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS)] level and a significant
decrease in enzymatic [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx)]
and non-enzymatic (reduced glutathione (GSH)) antioxidant levels when compared
with healthy rats. The mitochondrial enzymes isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH),
alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (α-KGDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)
and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes
NADH-dehydrogenase and Cytochrome c-oxidase were decreased significantly
(P < 0.05) in diabetic rats when compared
with healthy rats. A natural flavonoid galangin administered to
hyperglycemia-induced rats resulted in the following findings as compared to
hyperglycemia-induced control rats: the oxidant levels decreased significantly
(P < 0.05); the enzymatic and
non-enzymatic antioxidant levels increased significantly
(P < 0.05) and the function of mitochondrial
enzymes and the mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes increased significantly
(P < 0.05). Conclusion: From the results, we conclude that galangin could
maintain liver mitochondrial function in diabetic rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amal A Aloud
- a Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition , College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Chinnadurai Veeramani
- b Department of Community Health Sciences , College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Chandramohan Govindasamy
- b Department of Community Health Sciences , College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alsaif
- b Department of Community Health Sciences , College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S Al-Numair
- b Department of Community Health Sciences , College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|