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Zhai Y, Ballios BG. Exploring the diverse clinical and variant spectrum of CEP78-associated syndrome: Novel pathogenic variants identified in a case series. Am J Med Genet A 2024:e63720. [PMID: 38780195 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Dual sensory impairment, commonly referred to as combined hearing and vision loss, can stem from a diverse spectrum of conditions, each presenting with its unique set of clinical characteristics. Our understanding of dual sensory impairment has expanded significantly in the past decade, broadening the scope of genetic differential diagnoses, including genes such as CEP250, ARSG, TUBB4B, CEP78, and ABHD12. A case series including three patients from two families with genetically diagnosed CEP78-associated cone-rod dystrophy was identified. We collected and reviewed their clinical records, imaging data, and genetic testing results. In addition, a comprehensive literature review was conducted on the phenotype and the genetic testing modality employed in all published CEP78 cases through a PubMed search using the keyword "CEP78." A retinal dystrophy panel detected a novel homozygous CEP78 pathogenic variant (c.1447C>T, p.Arg483*) in siblings-Cases 1 and 2-from Family 1. Both teenagers have a clinical diagnosis of cone-rod dystrophy with presumed normal hearing. Case 3 from Family 2, diagnosed with cone-rod dystrophy and early-onset hearing loss, was found to carry a CEP78 pathogenic variant (c.1206-2A>C) and a likely pathogenic variant (c.856_857del, p.Leu286Glyfs*12) also through panel-based genetic testing. Intriguingly, neither of these variants was reported in an affected sibling's clinical whole-exome sequencing (WES) report when performed in 2015. A review of CEP78-related literature unveiled that the initial report linking CEP78 to cone-rod dystrophy and hearing loss was published in September 2016. Any pathogenic variant found in CEP78 before 2016 would have been categorized as a "clearly disruptive variant in a gene of uncertain significance (GUS)" and might not have been reported in the WES report. It is important to acknowledge that our understanding of genotype-phenotype associations is undergoing rapid expansion. It is also crucial to recognize that repeat genetic testing may represent a fundamentally different approach, given the technological advancements not only in the coverage of the sequencing but also in the more comprehensive understanding of genotype-phenotype associations. This case series also enriches the existing CEP78 literature by providing phenotypic details of the youngest case of CEP78-associated retinopathy reported in the literature (Case 2), which expands our perspective on the natural history of disease in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhai
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian G Ballios
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Kensington Vision and Research Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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2
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Holanda IP, Rim PHH, Guaragna MS, Gil-da-Silva-Lopes VL, Steiner CE. Syndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa: A 15-Patient Study. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:516. [PMID: 38674450 PMCID: PMC11050127 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa is a group of genetically determined retinal dystrophies characterized by primary photoreceptor apoptosis and can occur in isolated or syndromic conditions. This study reviewed the clinical data of 15 patients with syndromic retinitis pigmentosa from a Rare Disease Reference Center in Brazil and the results of their next-generation sequencing tests. Five males and ten females participated, with the mean ages for ocular disease onset, fundoscopic diagnosis, and molecular evaluation being 9, 19, and 29 years, respectively. Bardet-Biedl syndrome (n = 5) and Usher syndrome (n = 3) were the most frequent diagnoses, followed by other rare conditions. Among the patients, fourteen completed molecular studies, with three negative results and eleven revealing findings in known genes, including novel variants in MKKS (c.432_435del, p.Phe144Leufs*14), USH2A (c.(7301+1_7302-1)_(9369+1_9370-1)del), and CEP250 (c.5383dup, p.Glu1795Glyfs*13, and c.5050del, p.Asp1684Thrfs*9). Except for Kearn-Sayre, all presented an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern with 64% homozygosity results. The long gap between symptom onset and diagnosis highlights the diagnostic challenges faced by the patients. This study reaffirms the clinical heterogeneity of syndromic retinitis pigmentosa and underscores the pivotal role of molecular analysis in advancing our understanding of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ianne Pessoa Holanda
- Genética Médica e Medicina Genômica, Departamento de Medicina Translacional, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-888, SP, Brazil; (I.P.H.); (M.S.G.); (V.L.G.-d.-S.-L.)
| | - Priscila Hae Hyun Rim
- Ambulatório de Genética Ocular, Departamento de Oftalmologia e Otorrinolaringologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-888, SP, Brazil;
| | - Rare Genomes Project Consortium
- Serviço de Genética Molecular, Departamento de Medicina Laboratorial, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE), São Paulo 05652-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Mara Sanches Guaragna
- Genética Médica e Medicina Genômica, Departamento de Medicina Translacional, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-888, SP, Brazil; (I.P.H.); (M.S.G.); (V.L.G.-d.-S.-L.)
| | - Vera Lúcia Gil-da-Silva-Lopes
- Genética Médica e Medicina Genômica, Departamento de Medicina Translacional, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-888, SP, Brazil; (I.P.H.); (M.S.G.); (V.L.G.-d.-S.-L.)
| | - Carlos Eduardo Steiner
- Genética Médica e Medicina Genômica, Departamento de Medicina Translacional, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-888, SP, Brazil; (I.P.H.); (M.S.G.); (V.L.G.-d.-S.-L.)
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3
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Corradetti G, Verma A, Tojjar J, Almidani L, Oncel D, Emamverdi M, Bradley A, Lindenberg S, Nittala MG, Sadda SR. Retinal Imaging Findings in Inherited Retinal Diseases. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2079. [PMID: 38610844 PMCID: PMC11012835 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13072079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) represent one of the major causes of progressive and irreversible vision loss in the working-age population. Over the last few decades, advances in retinal imaging have allowed for an improvement in the phenotypic characterization of this group of diseases and have facilitated phenotype-to-genotype correlation studies. As a result, the number of clinical trials targeting IRDs has steadily increased, and commensurate to this, the need for novel reproducible outcome measures and endpoints has grown. This review aims to summarize and describe the clinical presentation, characteristic imaging findings, and imaging endpoint measures that are being used in clinical research on IRDs. For the purpose of this review, IRDs have been divided into four categories: (1) panretinal pigmentary retinopathies affecting rods or cones; (2) macular dystrophies; (3) stationary conditions; (4) hereditary vitreoretinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Corradetti
- Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA 91103, USA (J.T.); (L.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Aditya Verma
- Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA 91103, USA (J.T.); (L.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Jasaman Tojjar
- Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA 91103, USA (J.T.); (L.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Louay Almidani
- Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA 91103, USA (J.T.); (L.A.)
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Deniz Oncel
- Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA 91103, USA (J.T.); (L.A.)
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60153, USA
| | - Mehdi Emamverdi
- Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA 91103, USA (J.T.); (L.A.)
| | - Alec Bradley
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | | | | | - SriniVas R. Sadda
- Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA 91103, USA (J.T.); (L.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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4
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Britten-Jones AC, Thai L, Flanagan JPM, Bedggood PA, Edwards TL, Metha AB, Ayton LN. Adaptive optics imaging in inherited retinal diseases: A scoping review of the clinical literature. Surv Ophthalmol 2024; 69:51-66. [PMID: 37778667 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive optics (AO) imaging enables direct, objective assessments of retinal cells. Applications of AO show great promise in advancing our understanding of the etiology of inherited retinal disease (IRDs) and discovering new imaging biomarkers. This scoping review systematically identifies and summarizes clinical studies evaluating AO imaging in IRDs. Ovid MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched on February 6, 2023. Studies describing AO imaging in monogenic IRDs were included. Study screening and data extraction were performed by 2 reviewers independently. This review presents (1) a broad overview of the dominant areas of research; (2) a summary of IRD characteristics revealed by AO imaging; and (3) a discussion of methodological considerations relating to AO imaging in IRDs. From 140 studies with AO outcomes, including 2 following subretinal gene therapy treatments, 75% included fewer than 10 participants with AO imaging data. Of 100 studies that included participants' genetic diagnoses, the most common IRD genes with AO outcomes are CNGA3, CNGB3, CHM, USH2A, and ABCA4. Confocal reflectance AO scanning laser ophthalmoscopy was the most reported imaging modality, followed by flood-illuminated AO and split-detector AO. The most common outcome was cone density, reported quantitatively in 56% of studies. Future research areas include guidelines to reduce variability in the reporting of AO methodology and a focus on functional AO techniques to guide the development of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Ceecee Britten-Jones
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology), Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Lawrence Thai
- Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology), Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeremy P M Flanagan
- Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology), Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Phillip A Bedggood
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Thomas L Edwards
- Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology), Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew B Metha
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lauren N Ayton
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology), Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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5
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Kang M, Kim JA, Song MH, Joo SY, Kim SJ, Jang SH, Lee H, Seong JK, Choi JY, Gee HY, Jung J. Novel Variant in CEP250 Causes Protein Mislocalization and Leads to Nonsyndromic Autosomal Recessive Type of Progressive Hearing Loss. Cells 2023; 12:2328. [PMID: 37759551 PMCID: PMC10528078 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic hearing loss is the most common hereditary sensorial disorder. Though more than 120 genes associated with deafness have been identified, unveiled causative genes and variants of diverse types of hearing loss remain. Herein, we identified a novel nonsense homozygous variant in CEP250 (c.3511C>T; p.Gln1171Ter) among the family members with progressive moderate sensorineural hearing loss in nonsyndromic autosomal recessive type but without retinal degeneration. CEP250 encodes C-Nap1 protein belonging to the CEP protein family, comprising 30 proteins that play roles in centrosome aggregation and cell cycle progression. The nonsense variant in CEP250 led to the early truncating protein of C-Nap1, which hindered centrosome localization; heterologous expression of CEP250 (c.3511C>T) in NIH3T3 cells within cilia expression condition revealed that the truncating C-Nap1 (p.Gln1171Ter) was not localized at the centrosome but was dispersed in the cytosol. In the murine adult cochlea, Cep250 was expressed in the inner and outer hair cells. Knockout mice of Cep250 showed significant hair cell degeneration and progressive hearing loss in auditory brainstem response. In conclusion, a nonsense variant in CEP250 results in a deficit of centrosome localization and hair cell degeneration in the cochlea, which is associated with the progression of hearing loss in humans and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjin Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (J.Y.C.)
- Institute for Lee Won Sang Yonsei Ear Science, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.)
| | - Jung Ah Kim
- Institute for Lee Won Sang Yonsei Ear Science, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee Hyun Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Joo
- Institute for Lee Won Sang Yonsei Ear Science, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Kim
- Institute for Lee Won Sang Yonsei Ear Science, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Jang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (J.Y.C.)
- Institute for Lee Won Sang Yonsei Ear Science, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Lee
- Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si 10408, Republic of Korea;
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae Young Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (J.Y.C.)
- Institute for Lee Won Sang Yonsei Ear Science, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.)
| | - Heon Yung Gee
- Institute for Lee Won Sang Yonsei Ear Science, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsei Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (J.Y.C.)
- Institute for Lee Won Sang Yonsei Ear Science, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea (S.Y.J.)
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6
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Samelska K, Szaflik JP, Guszkowska M, Kurowska AK, Zaleska-Żmijewska A. Characteristics of Rare Inherited Retinal Dystrophies in Adaptive Optics-A Study on 53 Eyes. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2472. [PMID: 37568834 PMCID: PMC10417470 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13152472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) are genetic disorders that lead to the bilateral degeneration of the retina, causing irreversible vision loss. These conditions often manifest during the first and second decades of life, and their primary symptoms can be non-specific. Diagnostic processes encompass assessments of best-corrected visual acuity, fundoscopy, optical coherence tomography, fundus autofluorescence, fluorescein angiography, electrophysiological tests, and genetic testing. This study focuses on the application of adaptive optics (AO), a non-invasive retinal examination, for the assessment of patients with IRDs. AO facilitates the high-quality, detailed observation of retinal photoreceptor structures (cones and rods) and enables the quantitative analysis of parameters such as cone density (DM), cone spacing (SM), cone regularity (REG), and Voronoi analysis (N%6). AO examinations were conducted on eyes diagnosed with Stargardt disease (STGD, N=36), cone dystrophy (CD, N=9), and cone-rod dystrophy (CRD, N=8), and on healthy eyes (N=14). There were significant differences in the DM, SM, REG, and N%6 parameters between the healthy and IRD-affected eyes (p<0.001 for DM, SM, and REG; p=0.008 for N%6). The mean DM in the CD, CRD, and STGD groups was 8900.39/mm2, 9296.32/mm2, and 16,209.66/mm2, respectively, with a significant inter-group difference (p=0.006). The mean SM in the CD, CRD, and STGD groups was 12.37 μm, 14.82 μm, and 9.65 μm, respectively, with a significant difference observed between groups (p=0.002). However, no significant difference was found in REG and N%6 among the CD, CRD, and STGD groups. Significant differences were found in SM and DM between CD and STGD (p=0.014 for SM; p=0.003 for DM) and between CRD and STGD (p=0.027 for SM; p=0.003 for DM). Our findings suggest that AO holds significant potential as an impactful diagnostic tool for IRDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Samelska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- SPKSO Ophthalmic University Hospital, 00-576 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Paweł Szaflik
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- SPKSO Ophthalmic University Hospital, 00-576 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Anna Katarzyna Kurowska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- SPKSO Ophthalmic University Hospital, 00-576 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Zaleska-Żmijewska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- SPKSO Ophthalmic University Hospital, 00-576 Warsaw, Poland
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Ashourizadeh H, Fakhri M, Hassanpour K, Masoudi A, Jalali S, Roshandel D, Chen FK. Pearls and Pitfalls of Adaptive Optics Ophthalmoscopy in Inherited Retinal Diseases. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2413. [PMID: 37510157 PMCID: PMC10377978 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13142413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptive optics (AO) retinal imaging enables individual photoreceptors to be visualized in the clinical setting. AO imaging can be a powerful clinical tool for detecting photoreceptor degeneration at a cellular level that might be overlooked through conventional structural assessments, such as spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Therefore, AO imaging has gained significant interest in the study of photoreceptor degeneration, one of the most common causes of inherited blindness. Growing evidence supports that AO imaging may be useful for diagnosing early-stage retinal dystrophy before it becomes apparent on fundus examination or conventional retinal imaging. In addition, serial AO imaging may detect structural disease progression in early-stage disease over a shorter period compared to SD-OCT. Although AO imaging is gaining popularity as a structural endpoint in clinical trials, the results should be interpreted with caution due to several pitfalls, including the lack of standardized imaging and image analysis protocols, frequent ocular comorbidities that affect image quality, and significant interindividual variation of normal values. Herein, we summarize the current state-of-the-art AO imaging and review its potential applications, limitations, and pitfalls in patients with inherited retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maryam Fakhri
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 16666, Iran
| | - Kiana Hassanpour
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 16666, Iran
| | - Ali Masoudi
- Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sattar Jalali
- Department of Physics, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 19558, Iran
| | - Danial Roshandel
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Fred K Chen
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
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Chen C, Rong Y, Zhuang Y, Tang C, Liu Q, Lin P, Li D, Zhao X, Lu F, Qu J, Liu X. RNA-Seq Analysis Reveals an Essential Role of the cGMP-PKG-MAPK Pathways in Retinal Degeneration Caused by Cep250 Deficiency. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8843. [PMID: 37240188 PMCID: PMC10218315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) is characterised by degenerative vision loss known as retinitis pigmentosa (RP), sensorineural hearing loss, and vestibular dysfunction. RP can cause degeneration and the loss of rod and cone photoreceptors, leading to structural and functional changes in the retina. Cep250 is a candidate gene for atypical Usher syndrome, and this study describes the development of a Cep250 KO mouse model to investigate its pathogenesis. OCT and ERG were applied in Cep250 and WT mice at P90 and P180 to access the general structure and function of the retina. After recording the ERG responses and OCT images at P90 and P180, the cone and rod photoreceptors were visualised using an immunofluorescent stain. TUNEL assays were applied to observe the apoptosis in Cep250 and WT mice retinas. The total RNA was extracted from the retinas and executed for RNA sequencing at P90. Compared with WT mice, the thickness of the ONL, IS/OS, and whole retina of Cep250 mice was significantly reduced. The a-wave and b-wave amplitude of Cep250 mice in scotopic and photopic ERG were lower, especially the a-wave. According to the immunostaining and TUNEL stain results, the photoreceptors in the Cep250 retinas were also reduced. An RNA-seq analysis showed that 149 genes were upregulated and another 149 genes were downregulated in Cep250 KO retinas compared with WT mice retinas. A KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that cGMP-PKG signalling pathways, MAPK signalling pathways, edn2-fgf2 axis pathways, and thyroid hormone synthesis were upregulated, whereas protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum was downregulated in Cep250 KO eyes. Cep250 KO mice experience a late-stage retinal degeneration that manifests as the atypical USH phenotype. The dysregulation of the cGMP-PKG-MAPK pathways may contribute to the pathogenesis of cilia-related retinal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yu Rong
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Youyuan Zhuang
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Qian Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Peng Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Dandan Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Fan Lu
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Jia Qu
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xinting Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
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9
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Abu-Diab A, Gopalakrishnan P, Matsevich C, de Jong M, Obolensky A, Khalaileh A, Salameh M, Ejzenberg A, Gross M, Banin E, Sharon D, Khateb S. Homozygous Knockout of Cep250 Leads to a Relatively Late-Onset Retinal Degeneration and Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Mice. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2023; 12:3. [PMID: 36857066 PMCID: PMC9987170 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.12.3.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Usher syndrome (USH) is the most common syndromic inherited retinal disease, causing retinitis pigmentosa and sensorineural hearing loss. We reported previously that a nonsense mutation in the centrosome-associated protein CEP250 gene (encoding C-Nap1) causes atypical USH in patients of Iranian Jewish origin. To better characterize CEP250, we aimed to generate and study a knockout (KO) mouse model for Cep250. Methods Mice heterozygous for a "knockout-first" Cep250 construct were generated and bred with Cre recombinase mice to generate the null allele and produce homozygous Cep250 KO mice. Retinal function was evaluated by full-field electroretinography (ffERG) at variable ages, and retinal structure changes were examined using histological analysis. Hearing thresholds were detected using auditory brainstem response (ABR) at the age of 20 months. Results The Cep250 KO mouse model was generated by activating a construct harboring a deletion of exons 6 and 7. At 6 months, the ffERG was normal, but it decreased gradually with age. For both photopic and scotopic ffERG responses, very low amplitudes were evident at 20 months. Histological analysis confirmed late-onset retinal degeneration. ABR tests illustrated that hearing threshold significantly increased at the age of 20 months. Conclusions Although most USH animal models have normal retinal function and structure, the Cep250 KO mouse model shows both retinal degeneration and hearing loss with a relatively late age of onset. This model may shed more light on CEP250-associated retinal and hearing deficits and represents an efficient platform for the development of treatment modalities for USH. Translational Relevance Our study demonstrates better understanding of Cep250-associated retinal and hearing disease in a mouse model and may help in developing more efficient gene therapy modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Abu-Diab
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Prakadeeswari Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Chen Matsevich
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Marije de Jong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hadassah Hebrew-University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alexey Obolensky
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ayat Khalaileh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Manar Salameh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ayala Ejzenberg
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Menachem Gross
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hadassah Hebrew-University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eyal Banin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dror Sharon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Samer Khateb
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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10
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Zhu T, Zhang Y, Sheng X, Zhang X, Chen Y, Zhu H, Guo Y, Qi Y, Zhao Y, Zhou Q, Chen X, Guo X, Zhao C. Absence of CEP78 causes photoreceptor and sperm flagella impairments in mice and a human individual. eLife 2023; 12:76157. [PMID: 36756949 PMCID: PMC9984195 DOI: 10.7554/elife.76157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cone-rod dystrophy (CRD) is a genetically inherited retinal disease that can be associated with male infertility, while the specific genetic mechanisms are not well known. Here, we report CEP78 as a causative gene of a particular syndrome including CRD and male infertility with multiple morphological abnormalities of sperm flagella (MMAF) both in human and mouse. Cep78 knockout mice exhibited impaired function and morphology of photoreceptors, typified by reduced ERG amplitudes, disrupted translocation of cone arrestin, attenuated and disorganized photoreceptor outer segments (OS) disks and widen OS bases, as well as interrupted connecting cilia elongation and abnormal structures. Cep78 deletion also caused male infertility and MMAF, with disordered '9+2' structure and triplet microtubules in sperm flagella. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) proteins IFT20 and TTC21A are identified as interacting proteins of CEP78. Furthermore, CEP78 regulated the interaction, stability, and centriolar localization of its interacting protein. Insufficiency of CEP78 or its interacting protein causes abnormal centriole elongation and cilia shortening. Absence of CEP78 protein in human caused similar phenotypes in vision and MMAF as Cep78-/- mice. Collectively, our study supports the important roles of CEP78 defects in centriole and ciliary dysfunctions and molecular pathogenesis of such multi-system syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xunlun Sheng
- Gansu Aier Ophthalmiology and Optometry HospitalLanzhouChina
- Ningxia Eye Hospital, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuanChina
| | - Xiangzheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Hongjing Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yueshuai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yaling Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yichen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xuejiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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11
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Mahen R. cNap1 bridges centriole contact sites to maintain centrosome cohesion. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001854. [PMID: 36282799 PMCID: PMC9595518 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrioles are non-membrane-bound organelles that participate in fundamental cellular processes through their ability to form physical contacts with other structures. During interphase, two mature centrioles can associate to form a single centrosome—a phenomenon known as centrosome cohesion. Centrosome cohesion is important for processes such as cell migration, and yet how it is maintained is unclear. Current models indicate that pericentriolar fibres termed rootlets, also known as the centrosome linker, entangle to maintain centriole proximity. Here, I uncover a centriole–centriole contact site and mechanism of centrosome cohesion based on coalescence of the proximal centriole component cNap1. Using live-cell imaging of endogenously tagged cNap1, I show that proximal centrioles form dynamic contacts in response to physical force from the cytoskeleton. Expansion microscopy reveals that cNap1 bridges between these contact sites, physically linking proximal centrioles on the nanoscale. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS)-calibrated imaging shows that cNap1 accumulates at nearly micromolar concentrations on proximal centrioles, corresponding to a few hundred protein copy numbers. When ectopically tethered to organelles such as lysosomes, cNap1 forms viscous and cohesive assemblies that promote organelle spatial proximity. These results suggest a mechanism of centrosome cohesion by cNap1 at the proximal centriole and illustrate how a non-membrane-bound organelle forms organelle contact sites. During interphase, two mature centrioles can associate to form a single centrosome; this "centrosome cohesion" is important for processes such as cell migration, but how is it maintained? This study combines live cell quantitative imaging, expansion microscopy and ectopic tethering to provide insights into the mechanisms by which centrioles maintain spatial proximity inside human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Mahen
- The Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Photonics Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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12
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The genetic and phenotypic landscapes of Usher syndrome: from disease mechanisms to a new classification. Hum Genet 2022; 141:709-735. [PMID: 35353227 PMCID: PMC9034986 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-022-02448-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) is the most common cause of deaf–blindness in humans, with a prevalence of about 1/10,000 (~ 400,000 people worldwide). Cochlear implants are currently used to reduce the burden of hearing loss in severe-to-profoundly deaf patients, but many promising treatments including gene, cell, and drug therapies to restore the native function of the inner ear and retinal sensory cells are under investigation. The traditional clinical classification of Usher syndrome defines three major subtypes—USH1, 2 and 3—according to hearing loss severity and onset, the presence or absence of vestibular dysfunction, and age at onset of retinitis pigmentosa. Pathogenic variants of nine USH genes have been initially reported: MYO7A, USH1C, PCDH15, CDH23, and USH1G for USH1, USH2A, ADGRV1, and WHRN for USH2, and CLRN1 for USH3. Based on the co-occurrence of hearing and vision deficits, the list of USH genes has been extended to few other genes, but with limited supporting information. A consensus on combined criteria for Usher syndrome is crucial for the development of accurate diagnosis and to improve patient management. In recent years, a wealth of information has been obtained concerning the properties of the Usher proteins, related molecular networks, potential genotype–phenotype correlations, and the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the impairment or loss of hearing, balance and vision. The advent of precision medicine calls for a clear and more precise diagnosis of Usher syndrome, exploiting all the existing data to develop a combined clinical/genetic/network/functional classification for Usher syndrome.
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13
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Floriot S, Bellutti L, Castille J, Moison P, Messiaen S, Passet B, Boulanger L, Boukadiri A, Tourpin S, Beauvallet C, Vilotte M, Riviere J, Péchoux C, Bertaud M, Vilotte JL, Livera G. CEP250 is Required for Maintaining Centrosome Cohesion in the Germline and Fertility in Male Mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:754054. [PMID: 35127699 PMCID: PMC8809461 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.754054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Male gametogenesis involves both mitotic divisions to amplify germ cell progenitors that gradually differentiate and meiotic divisions. Centrosomal regulation is essential for both types of divisions, with centrioles remaining tightly paired during the interphase. Here, we generated and characterized the phenotype of mutant mice devoid of Cep250/C-Nap1, a gene encoding for a docking protein for fibers linking centrioles, and characterized their phenotype. The Cep250-/- mice presented with no major defects, apart from male infertility due to a reduction in the spermatogonial pool and the meiotic blockade. Spermatogonial stem cells expressing Zbtb16 were not affected, whereas the differentiating spermatogonia were vastly lost. These cells displayed abnormal γH2AX-staining, accompanied by an increase in the apoptotic rate. The few germ cells that survived at this stage, entered the meiotic prophase I and were arrested at a pachytene-like stage, likely due to synapsis defects and the unrepaired DNA double-strand breaks. In these cells, centrosomes split up precociously, with γ-tubulin foci being separated whereas these were closely associated in wild-type cells. Interestingly, this lack of cohesion was also observed in wild-type female meiocytes, likely explaining the normal fertility of Cep250-/- female mice. Taken together, this study proposes a specific requirement of centrosome cohesion in the male germline, with a crucial role of CEP250 in both differentiating spermatogonia and meiotic spermatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Floriot
- INRAe, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Laura Bellutti
- Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, UMRE008 Genetic Stability Stem Cells and Radiations, IRCM/IBFJ CEA, Université de Paris, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Laura Bellutti, ; Gabriel Livera,
| | - Johan Castille
- INRAe, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Pauline Moison
- Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, UMRE008 Genetic Stability Stem Cells and Radiations, IRCM/IBFJ CEA, Université de Paris, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Messiaen
- Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, UMRE008 Genetic Stability Stem Cells and Radiations, IRCM/IBFJ CEA, Université de Paris, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Passet
- INRAe, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Laurent Boulanger
- INRAe, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Abdelhak Boukadiri
- INRAe, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sophie Tourpin
- Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, UMRE008 Genetic Stability Stem Cells and Radiations, IRCM/IBFJ CEA, Université de Paris, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | | | - Marthe Vilotte
- INRAe, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Julie Riviere
- INRAe, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Christine Péchoux
- INRAe, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Maud Bertaud
- INRAe, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jean-Luc Vilotte
- INRAe, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Gabriel Livera
- Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, UMRE008 Genetic Stability Stem Cells and Radiations, IRCM/IBFJ CEA, Université de Paris, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Laura Bellutti, ; Gabriel Livera,
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14
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Igelman AD, Ku C, da Palma MM, Georgiou M, Schiff ER, Lam BL, Sankila EM, Ahn J, Pyers L, Vincent A, Ferraz Sallum JM, Zein WM, Oh JK, Maldonado RS, Ryu J, Tsang SH, Gorin MB, Webster AR, Michaelides M, Yang P, Pennesi ME. Expanding the clinical phenotype in patients with disease causing variants associated with atypical Usher syndrome. Ophthalmic Genet 2021; 42:664-673. [PMID: 34223797 PMCID: PMC9233901 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2021.1946704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Atypical Usher syndrome (USH) is poorly defined with a broad clinical spectrum. Here, we characterize the clinical phenotype of disease caused by variants in CEP78, CEP250, ARSG, and ABHD12.Chart review evaluating demographic, clinical, imaging, and genetic findings of 19 patients from 18 families with a clinical diagnosis of retinal disease and confirmed disease-causing variants in CEP78, CEP250, ARSG, or ABHD12.CEP78-related disease included sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in 6/7 patients and demonstrated a broad phenotypic spectrum including: vascular attenuation, pallor of the optic disc, intraretinal pigment, retinal pigment epithelium mottling, areas of mid-peripheral hypo-autofluorescence, outer retinal atrophy, mild pigmentary changes in the macula, foveal hypo-autofluorescence, and granularity of the ellipsoid zone. Nonsense and frameshift variants in CEP250 showed mild retinal disease with progressive, non-congenital SNHL. ARSG variants resulted in a characteristic pericentral pattern of hypo-autofluorescence with one patient reporting non-congenital SNHL. ABHD12-related disease showed rod-cone dystrophy with macular involvement, early and severe decreased best corrected visual acuity, and non-congenital SNHL ranging from unreported to severe.This study serves to expand the clinical phenotypes of atypical USH. Given the variable findings, atypical USH should be considered in patients with peripheral and macular retinal disease even without the typical RP phenotype especially when SNHL is noted. Additionally, genetic screening may be useful in patients who have clinical symptoms and retinal findings even in the absence of known SNHL given the variability of atypical USH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin D Igelman
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Cristy Ku
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Mariana Matioli da Palma
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Michalis Georgiou
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Elena R Schiff
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Byron L Lam
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Eeva-Marja Sankila
- Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Eye Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jeeyun Ahn
- UCLA Stein Eye Institute, Division of Retinal Disorders and Ophthalmic Genetics, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Lindsey Pyers
- UCLA Stein Eye Institute, Division of Retinal Disorders and Ophthalmic Genetics, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ajoy Vincent
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Canada
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Juliana Maria Ferraz Sallum
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Wadih M Zein
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jin Kyun Oh
- Jonas Children's Vision Care, Departments of Ophthalmology, Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, New York, USA
- College of Medicine, State University of New York at Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Ramiro S Maldonado
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Joseph Ryu
- Jonas Children's Vision Care, Departments of Ophthalmology, Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, New York, USA
| | - Stephen H Tsang
- Jonas Children's Vision Care, Departments of Ophthalmology, Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael B Gorin
- UCLA Stein Eye Institute, Division of Retinal Disorders and Ophthalmic Genetics, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew R Webster
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Michel Michaelides
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Paul Yang
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Mark E Pennesi
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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15
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Abstract
To gain a holistic understanding of cellular function, we must understand not just the role of individual organelles, but also how multiple macromolecular assemblies function collectively. Centrioles produce fundamental cellular processes through their ability to organise cytoskeletal fibres. In addition to nucleating microtubules, centrioles form lesser-known polymers, termed rootlets. Rootlets were identified over a 100 years ago and have been documented morphologically since by electron microscopy in different eukaryotic organisms. Rootlet-knockout animals have been created in various systems, providing insight into their physiological functions. However, the precise structure and function of rootlets is still enigmatic. Here, I consider common themes of rootlet function and assembly across diverse cellular systems. I suggest that the capability of rootlets to form physical links from centrioles to other cellular structures is a general principle unifying their functions in diverse cells and serves as an example of how cellular function arises from collective organellar activity. Summary: This Review discusses the structure and function of enigmatic cytoskeletal fibres termed centriolar rootlets, suggesting that they form physical links between subcellular structures to allow collective organelle function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Mahen
- The Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
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16
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Fuster-García C, García-Bohórquez B, Rodríguez-Muñoz A, Aller E, Jaijo T, Millán JM, García-García G. Usher Syndrome: Genetics of a Human Ciliopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136723. [PMID: 34201633 PMCID: PMC8268283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) is an autosomal recessive syndromic ciliopathy characterized by sensorineural hearing loss, retinitis pigmentosa and, sometimes, vestibular dysfunction. There are three clinical types depending on the severity and age of onset of the symptoms; in addition, ten genes are reported to be causative of USH, and six more related to the disease. These genes encode proteins of a diverse nature, which interact and form a dynamic protein network called the “Usher interactome”. In the organ of Corti, the USH proteins are essential for the correct development and maintenance of the structure and cohesion of the stereocilia. In the retina, the USH protein network is principally located in the periciliary region of the photoreceptors, and plays an important role in the maintenance of the periciliary structure and the trafficking of molecules between the inner and the outer segments of photoreceptors. Even though some genes are clearly involved in the syndrome, others are controversial. Moreover, expression of some USH genes has been detected in other tissues, which could explain their involvement in additional mild comorbidities. In this paper, we review the genetics of Usher syndrome and the spectrum of mutations in USH genes. The aim is to identify possible mutation associations with the disease and provide an updated genotype–phenotype correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Fuster-García
- Molecular, Cellular and Genomics Biomedicine Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.F.-G.); (B.G.-B.); (A.R.-M.); (E.A.); (T.J.); (G.G.-G.)
- Unidad Mixta de Enfermedades Raras IIS La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network for Rare Diseases, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Belén García-Bohórquez
- Molecular, Cellular and Genomics Biomedicine Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.F.-G.); (B.G.-B.); (A.R.-M.); (E.A.); (T.J.); (G.G.-G.)
- Unidad Mixta de Enfermedades Raras IIS La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Rodríguez-Muñoz
- Molecular, Cellular and Genomics Biomedicine Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.F.-G.); (B.G.-B.); (A.R.-M.); (E.A.); (T.J.); (G.G.-G.)
- Unidad Mixta de Enfermedades Raras IIS La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Aller
- Molecular, Cellular and Genomics Biomedicine Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.F.-G.); (B.G.-B.); (A.R.-M.); (E.A.); (T.J.); (G.G.-G.)
- Unidad Mixta de Enfermedades Raras IIS La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network for Rare Diseases, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Genetics Unit, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Jaijo
- Molecular, Cellular and Genomics Biomedicine Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.F.-G.); (B.G.-B.); (A.R.-M.); (E.A.); (T.J.); (G.G.-G.)
- Unidad Mixta de Enfermedades Raras IIS La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network for Rare Diseases, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Genetics Unit, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - José M. Millán
- Molecular, Cellular and Genomics Biomedicine Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.F.-G.); (B.G.-B.); (A.R.-M.); (E.A.); (T.J.); (G.G.-G.)
- Unidad Mixta de Enfermedades Raras IIS La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network for Rare Diseases, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Gema García-García
- Molecular, Cellular and Genomics Biomedicine Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.F.-G.); (B.G.-B.); (A.R.-M.); (E.A.); (T.J.); (G.G.-G.)
- Unidad Mixta de Enfermedades Raras IIS La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network for Rare Diseases, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
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17
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Mizobuchi K, Hayashi T, Oishi N, Kubota D, Kameya S, Higasa K, Futami T, Kondo H, Hosono K, Kurata K, Hotta Y, Yoshitake K, Iwata T, Matsuura T, Nakano T. Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in RP1-Associated Retinal Dystrophies: A Multi-Center Cohort Study in JAPAN. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10112265. [PMID: 34073704 PMCID: PMC8197273 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Little is known about genotype–phenotype correlations of RP1-associated retinal dystrophies in the Japanese population. We aimed to investigate the genetic spectrum of RP1 variants and provide a detailed description of the clinical findings in Japanese patients. Methods: In total, 607 patients with inherited retinal diseases were examined using whole-exome/whole-genome sequencing (WES/WGS). PCR-based screening for an Alu element insertion (c.4052_4053ins328/p.Tyr1352AlafsTer9) was performed in 18 patients with autosomal-recessive (AR)-retinitis pigmentosa (RP) or AR-cone dystrophy (COD)/cone-rod dystrophy (CORD), including seven patients with heterozygous RP1 variants identified by WES/WGS analysis, and 11 early onset AR-RP patients, in whom no pathogenic variant was identified. We clinically examined 25 patients (23 families) with pathogenic RP1 variants, including five patients (five families) with autosomal-dominant (AD)-RP, 13 patients (11 families) with AR-RP, and seven patients (seven families) with AR-COD/CORD. Results: We identified 18 pathogenic RP1 variants, including seven novel variants. Interestingly, the Alu element insertion was the most frequent variant (32.0%, 16/50 alleles). The clinical findings revealed that the age at onset and disease progression occurred significantly earlier and faster in AR-RP patients compared to AD-RP or AR-COD/CORD patients. Conclusions: Our results suggest a genotype–phenotype correlation between variant types/locations and phenotypes (AD-RP, AR-RP, and AR-COD/CORD), and the Alu element insertion was the most major variant in Japanese patients with RP1-associated retinal dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Mizobuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18, Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan; (T.H.); (T.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-3433-1111
| | - Takaaki Hayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18, Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan; (T.H.); (T.N.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Katsushika Medical Center, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 6-41-2 Aoto, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8506, Japan
| | - Noriko Oishi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, 1715 Kamagari, Inzai, Chiba 270-1694, Japan; (N.O.); (D.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Daiki Kubota
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, 1715 Kamagari, Inzai, Chiba 270-1694, Japan; (N.O.); (D.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Shuhei Kameya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, 1715 Kamagari, Inzai, Chiba 270-1694, Japan; (N.O.); (D.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Koichiro Higasa
- Department of Genome Analysis, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan;
| | - Takuma Futami
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku Kitakyushu-shi, Fu-kuoka 807-8555, Japan; (T.F.); (H.K.)
| | - Hiroyuki Kondo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku Kitakyushu-shi, Fu-kuoka 807-8555, Japan; (T.F.); (H.K.)
| | - Katsuhiro Hosono
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1, Handayama, Higashi-ku, Shizuoka, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan; (K.H.); (K.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Kentaro Kurata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1, Handayama, Higashi-ku, Shizuoka, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan; (K.H.); (K.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yoshihiro Hotta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1, Handayama, Higashi-ku, Shizuoka, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan; (K.H.); (K.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Kazutoshi Yoshitake
- National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan; (K.Y.); (T.I.)
| | - Takeshi Iwata
- National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan; (K.Y.); (T.I.)
| | - Tomokazu Matsuura
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18, Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan;
| | - Tadashi Nakano
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18, Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan; (T.H.); (T.N.)
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18
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Ascari G, Rendtorff ND, De Bruyne M, De Zaeytijd J, Van Lint M, Bauwens M, Van Heetvelde M, Arno G, Jacob J, Creytens D, Van Dorpe J, Van Laethem T, Rosseel T, De Pooter T, De Rijk P, De Coster W, Menten B, Rey AD, Strazisar M, Bertelsen M, Tranebjaerg L, De Baere E. Long-Read Sequencing to Unravel Complex Structural Variants of CEP78 Leading to Cone-Rod Dystrophy and Hearing Loss. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:664317. [PMID: 33968938 PMCID: PMC8097100 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.664317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inactivating variants as well as a missense variant in the centrosomal CEP78 gene have been identified in autosomal recessive cone-rod dystrophy with hearing loss (CRDHL), a rare syndromic inherited retinal disease distinct from Usher syndrome. Apart from this, a complex structural variant (SV) implicating CEP78 has been reported in CRDHL. Here we aimed to expand the genetic architecture of typical CRDHL by the identification of complex SVs of the CEP78 region and characterization of their underlying mechanisms. Approaches used for the identification of the SVs are shallow whole-genome sequencing (sWGS) combined with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and long-range PCR, or ExomeDepth analysis on whole-exome sequencing (WES) data. Targeted or whole-genome nanopore long-read sequencing (LRS) was used to delineate breakpoint junctions at the nucleotide level. For all SVs cases, the effect of the SVs on CEP78 expression was assessed using quantitative PCR on patient-derived RNA. Apart from two novel canonical CEP78 splice variants and a frameshifting single-nucleotide variant (SNV), two SVs affecting CEP78 were identified in three unrelated individuals with CRDHL: a heterozygous total gene deletion of 235 kb and a partial gene deletion of 15 kb in a heterozygous and homozygous state, respectively. Assessment of the molecular consequences of the SVs on patient's materials displayed a loss-of-function effect. Delineation and characterization of the 15-kb deletion using targeted LRS revealed the previously described complex CEP78 SV, suggestive of a recurrent genomic rearrangement. A founder haplotype was demonstrated for the latter SV in cases of Belgian and British origin, respectively. The novel 235-kb deletion was delineated using whole-genome LRS. Breakpoint analysis showed microhomology and pointed to a replication-based underlying mechanism. Moreover, data mining of bulk and single-cell human and mouse transcriptional datasets, together with CEP78 immunostaining on human retina, linked the CEP78 expression domain with its phenotypic manifestations. Overall, this study supports that the CEP78 locus is prone to distinct SVs and that SV analysis should be considered in a genetic workup of CRDHL. Finally, it demonstrated the power of sWGS and both targeted and whole-genome LRS in identifying and characterizing complex SVs in patients with ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ascari
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nanna D Rendtorff
- The Kennedy Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marieke De Bruyne
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julie De Zaeytijd
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michel Van Lint
- Department of Ophthalmology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Miriam Bauwens
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mattias Van Heetvelde
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gavin Arno
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Jacob
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - David Creytens
- Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jo Van Dorpe
- Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thalia Van Laethem
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Toon Rosseel
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim De Pooter
- Neuromics Support Facility, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.,Neuromics Support Facility, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter De Rijk
- Neuromics Support Facility, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.,Neuromics Support Facility, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wouter De Coster
- Applied and Translational Neurogenomics Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.,Applied and Translational Neurogenomics Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Björn Menten
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alfredo Dueñas Rey
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mojca Strazisar
- Neuromics Support Facility, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.,Neuromics Support Facility, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mette Bertelsen
- The Kennedy Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth Tranebjaerg
- The Kennedy Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elfride De Baere
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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19
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Sánchez-Bellver L, Toulis V, Marfany G. On the Wrong Track: Alterations of Ciliary Transport in Inherited Retinal Dystrophies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:623734. [PMID: 33748110 PMCID: PMC7973215 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.623734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ciliopathies are a group of heterogeneous inherited disorders associated with dysfunction of the cilium, a ubiquitous microtubule-based organelle involved in a broad range of cellular functions. Most ciliopathies are syndromic, since several organs whose cells produce a cilium, such as the retina, cochlea or kidney, are affected by mutations in ciliary-related genes. In the retina, photoreceptor cells present a highly specialized neurosensory cilium, the outer segment, stacked with membranous disks where photoreception and phototransduction occurs. The daily renewal of the more distal disks is a unique characteristic of photoreceptor outer segments, resulting in an elevated protein demand. All components necessary for outer segment formation, maintenance and function have to be transported from the photoreceptor inner segment, where synthesis occurs, to the cilium. Therefore, efficient transport of selected proteins is critical for photoreceptor ciliogenesis and function, and any alteration in either cargo delivery to the cilium or intraciliary trafficking compromises photoreceptor survival and leads to retinal degeneration. To date, mutations in more than 100 ciliary genes have been associated with retinal dystrophies, accounting for almost 25% of these inherited rare diseases. Interestingly, not all mutations in ciliary genes that cause retinal degeneration are also involved in pleiotropic pathologies in other ciliated organs. Depending on the mutation, the same gene can cause syndromic or non-syndromic retinopathies, thus emphasizing the highly refined specialization of the photoreceptor neurosensory cilia, and raising the possibility of photoreceptor-specific molecular mechanisms underlying common ciliary functions such as ciliary transport. In this review, we will focus on ciliary transport in photoreceptor cells and discuss the molecular complexity underpinning retinal ciliopathies, with a special emphasis on ciliary genes that, when mutated, cause either syndromic or non-syndromic retinal ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sánchez-Bellver
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB-IRSJD), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vasileios Toulis
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERER, ISCIII, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Marfany
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB-IRSJD), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERER, ISCIII, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Oishi N, Kubota D, Nakamoto K, Takeda Y, Hayashi M, Gocho K, Yamaki K, Igarashi T, Takahashi H, Kameya S. Multimodal imaging analysis of macular dystrophy in patient with maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) with m.3243A>G mutation. Ophthalmic Genet 2021; 42:304-311. [PMID: 33541179 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2021.1881978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) is caused by a heteroplasmic m.3243A>G mutation in the mitochondrial DNA. The main ocular feature in MIDD is macular dystrophy. The purpose of this study was to identify the phenotypical characteristics of a patient with MIDD by multimodal high-resolution imaging analyses.Methods: A detailed history and ophthalmic examination were performed on a 39-year-old patient with MIDD. Multi-modal imaging included fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence imaging, fluorescein angiography, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, OCT-angiography, and adaptive optics imaging. The PCR-invader and whole exome sequencing (WES) methods were performed on the DNA of the patient.Results: A 39-year-old woman with sensorineural hearing loss, diabetes mellitus presented with atrophic perifoveal changes and MIDD was suspected. The PCR-invader and WES methods showed that the patient had a m.3243A>G mutation in the mitochondrial DNA with 29% and 16.7% of the heteroplasmy in the peripheral blood, respectively. Morphological analyses revealed that the areas of photoreceptor degeneration and chorioretinal atrophy were present mainly in the perifoveal region. Multifocal ERGs showed that the perifoveal responses were reduced. Goldmann visual field was significant for a cecocentral scotoma in the right eye and an enlarged blind spot in the left eye. The central isopter was constricted bilaterally. The results of high-resolution retinal imaging by AO revealed that the densities of the cone photoreceptor were significantly reduced in the fovea where no obvious atrophy of the RPE and choroid was observed.Conclusions: Our findings indicate that WES analysis can be used to detect the m.3243A>G mutation in the mtDNA. The results of multimodal imaging analyses indicated that the primary dysfunction of the photoreceptors in the fovea might precede the dysfunction of the RPE in patient with MIDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Oishi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daiki Kubota
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenji Nakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukito Takeda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mika Hayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Gocho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai, Chiba, Japan.,Clinical Investigation Center 1423, Inserm and Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Kunihiko Yamaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Igarashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shuhei Kameya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
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21
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Hayashi T, Kameya S, Mizobuchi K, Kubota D, Kikuchi S, Yoshitake K, Mizota A, Murakami A, Iwata T, Nakano T. Genetic defects of CHM and visual acuity outcome in 24 choroideremia patients from 16 Japanese families. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15883. [PMID: 32985515 PMCID: PMC7522719 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72623-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Choroideremia (CHM) is an incurable progressive chorioretinal dystrophy. Little is known about the natural disease course of visual acuity in the Japanese population. We aimed to investigate the genetic spectrum of the CHM gene and visual acuity outcomes in 24 CHM patients from 16 Japanese families. We measured decimal best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at presentation and follow-up, converted to logMAR units for statistical analysis. Sanger and/or whole-exome sequencing were performed to identify pathogenic CHM variants/deletions. The median age at presentation was 37.0 years (range, 5–76 years). The mean follow-up interval was 8.2 years. BCVA of the better-seeing eye at presentation was significantly worsened with increasing age (r = 0.515, p < 0.01), with a high rate of BCVA decline in patients > 40 years old. A Kaplan–Meier survival curve suggested that a BCVA of Snellen equivalent 20/40 at follow-up remains until the fifties. Fourteen pathogenic variants, 6 of which were novel [c.49 + 5G > A, c.116 + 5G > A, p.(Gly176Glu, Glu177Ter), p.Tyr531Ter, an exon 2 deletion, and a 5.0-Mb deletion], were identified in 15 families. No variant was found in one family only. Our BCVA outcome data are useful for predicting visual prognosis and determining the timing of intervention in Japanese patients with CHM variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Hayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Katsushika Medical Center, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 6-41-2 Aoto, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-8506, Japan. .,Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shuhei Kameya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School, Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kei Mizobuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki Kubota
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School, Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sachiko Kikuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School, Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Yoshitake
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization, Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Mizota
- Department of Ophthalmology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Murakami
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwata
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization, Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nakano
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Bolz HJ. Usher syndrome: diagnostic approach, differential diagnoses and proposal of an updated function-based genetic classification. MED GENET-BERLIN 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/medgen-2020-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) manifests with congenital and apparently isolated hearing loss, followed by retinal degeneration in later life. Therefore, and because of its high prevalence in the congenitally hearing-impaired population, USH is one of the most relevant deafness syndromes. Next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based testing can now provide most analyzed USH patients with a molecular diagnosis, based on mutations in 11 genes. Given the availability of several excellent articles on the clinical and biochemical basis of USH, this short review focuses on critical assessment of new genes announced as USH genes, clinical and genetic differential diagnoses and therapeutic developments. Because obsolete loci, disproved USH genes and the inclusion of genes whose mutations cause similar phenotypes have increasingly blurred genetic classification, a revision based on phenotype restricted to genes related to the Usher protein complex is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanno J. Bolz
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Genetics , Weismüllerstr. 50 , Frankfurt am Main , Germany
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23
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Takeda Y, Kubota D, Oishi N, Maruyama K, Gocho K, Yamaki K, Igarashi T, Takahashi H, Kameya S. Novel GUCY2D Variant (E843Q) at Mutation Hotspot Associated with Macular Dystrophy in a Japanese Patient. J NIPPON MED SCH 2020; 87:92-99. [PMID: 32009068 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.jnms.2020_87-207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The GUCY2D (guanylate cyclase 2D) gene encodes a photoreceptor guanylate cyclase (GC-E), that is predominantly expressed in the cone outer segments. Mutations in the GUCY2D lead to severe retinal disorders such as autosomal dominant cone-rod dystrophy (adCRD) and autosomal recessive Leber congenital amaurosis type 1. The purpose of this study was to identify the phenotype of a Japanese patient with a probably pathogenic GUCY2D variant. METHODS Detailed ophthalmic examinations were performed, and whole exome sequencing was performed on DNA obtained from the patient. The variants identified by exome sequencing and targeted analysis were further confirmed by direct sequencing. RESULTS A 47-year-old man had atrophic and pigmentary changes in the macula of both eyes. Amplitudes and implicit times on full-field electroretinograms (ERGs) were within normal limits; however, the densities of multifocal ERGs in the central area were reduced in both eyes. Whole exome sequencing identified heterozygous variant c.2527G>C, p.Glu843Gln in the GUCY2D gene within the mutation hot spot for adCRD. The allelic frequencies of this variant are extremely low and, according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics standards and guidelines, the variants are classified as likely pathogenic. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of a heterozygous variant, c.2527G>C, p.Glu843Gln, in the GUCY2D, in a patient presenting with mild macular dystrophy without a general reduction in cone function. Our findings expand the spectrum of the clinical phenotypes of GUCY2D-adCRD and help clarify the morphological and functional changes caused by defects of dimerization of GC-E in the phototransduction cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukito Takeda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Daiki Kubota
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Noriko Oishi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Kaori Maruyama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Kiyoko Gocho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Kunihiko Yamaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | | | | | - Shuhei Kameya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
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Nolen RM, Hufnagel RB, Friedman TB, Turriff AE, Brewer CC, Zalewski CK, King KA, Wafa TT, Griffith AJ, Brooks BP, Zein WM. Atypical and ultra-rare Usher syndrome: a review. Ophthalmic Genet 2020; 41:401-412. [PMID: 32372680 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2020.1747090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Usher syndrome has classically been described as a combination of hearing loss and rod-cone dystrophy; vestibular dysfunction is present in many patients. Three distinct clinical subtypes were documented in the late 1970s. Genotyping efforts have led to the identification of several genes associated with the disease. Recent literature has seen multiple publications referring to "atypical" Usher syndrome presentations. This manuscript reviews the molecular etiology of Usher syndrome, highlighting rare presentations and molecular causes. Reports of "atypical" disease are summarized noting the wide discrepancy in the spectrum of phenotypic deviations from the classical presentation. Guidelines for establishing a clear nomenclature system are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalie M Nolen
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert B Hufnagel
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas B Friedman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amy E Turriff
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carmen C Brewer
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher K Zalewski
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kelly A King
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Talah T Wafa
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew J Griffith
- Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brian P Brooks
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wadih M Zein
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, USA
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25
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Hossain D, Shih SYP, Xiao X, White J, Tsang WY. Cep44 functions in centrosome cohesion by stabilizing rootletin. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs239616. [PMID: 31974111 PMCID: PMC7044459 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.239616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The centrosome linker serves to hold the duplicated centrosomes together until they separate in late G2/early mitosis. Precisely how the linker is assembled remains an open question. In this study, we identify Cep44 as a novel component of the linker in human cells. Cep44 localizes to the proximal end of centrioles, including mother and daughter centrioles, and its ablation leads to loss of centrosome cohesion. Cep44 does not impinge on the stability of C-Nap1 (also known as CEP250), LRRC45 or Cep215 (also known as CDK5RAP2), and vice versa, and these proteins are independently recruited to the centrosome. Rather, Cep44 associates with rootletin and regulates its stability and localization to the centrosome. Our findings reveal a role of the previously uncharacterized protein Cep44 for centrosome cohesion and linker assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delowar Hossain
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Sunny Y-P Shih
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Xintong Xiao
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Julia White
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - William Y Tsang
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A3, Canada
- Faculté de Médecine, Département de pathologie et Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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26
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Huang XF, Xiang L, Fang XL, Liu WQ, Zhuang YY, Chen ZJ, Shen RJ, Cheng W, Han RY, Zheng SS, Chen XJ, Liu X, Jin ZB. Functional characterization of CEP250 variant identified in nonsyndromic retinitis pigmentosa. Hum Mutat 2019; 40:1039-1045. [PMID: 30998843 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common manifestation of inherited retinal diseases with high degree of genetic, allelic, and phenotypic heterogeneity. CEP250 encodes the C-Nap1 protein and has been associated with various retinal phenotypes. Here, we report the identification of a mutation (c.562C>T, p.R188*) in the CEP250 in a consanguineous family with nonsyndromic RP. To gain insights into the molecular pathomechanism underlying CEP250 defects and the functional relevance of CEP250 variants in humans, we conducted a functional characterization of CEP250 variant using a novel Cep250 knockin mouse line. Remarkably, the disruption of Cep250 resulted in severe impairment of retinal function and significant retinal morphological alterations. The homozygous knockin mice showed significantly reduced retinal thickness and ERG responses. This study not only broadens the spectrum of phenotypes associated with CEP250 mutations, but also, for the first time, elucidates the function of CEP250 in photoreceptors using a newly established animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Feng Huang
- Division of Ophthalmic Genetics, The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, National International Joint Research Center for Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lue Xiang
- Division of Ophthalmic Genetics, The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, National International Joint Research Center for Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Long Fang
- Division of Ophthalmic Genetics, The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, National International Joint Research Center for Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei-Qin Liu
- Division of Ophthalmic Genetics, The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, National International Joint Research Center for Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - You-Yuan Zhuang
- Division of Ophthalmic Genetics, The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, National International Joint Research Center for Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Ji Chen
- Division of Ophthalmic Genetics, The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, National International Joint Research Center for Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ren-Juan Shen
- Division of Ophthalmic Genetics, The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, National International Joint Research Center for Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wan Cheng
- Division of Ophthalmic Genetics, The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, National International Joint Research Center for Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ru-Yi Han
- Division of Ophthalmic Genetics, The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, National International Joint Research Center for Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Si-Si Zheng
- Division of Ophthalmic Genetics, The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, National International Joint Research Center for Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Chen
- Division of Ophthalmic Genetics, The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, National International Joint Research Center for Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, National International Joint Research Center for Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Medical Retina, The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zi-Bing Jin
- Division of Ophthalmic Genetics, The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, National International Joint Research Center for Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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27
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Santana EE, Fuster-García C, Aller E, Jaijo T, García-Bohórquez B, García-García G, Millán JM, Lantigua A. Genetic Screening of the Usher Syndrome in Cuba. Front Genet 2019; 10:501. [PMID: 31231422 PMCID: PMC6558366 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Usher syndrome (USH) is a recessive inherited disease characterized by sensorineural hearing loss, retinitis pigmentosa, and sometimes, vestibular dysfunction. Although the molecular epidemiology of Usher syndrome has been well studied in Europe and United States, there is a lack of studies in other regions like Africa or Central and South America. Methods We designed a NGS panel that included the 10 USH causative genes (MYO7A, USH1C, CDH23, PCDH15, USH1G, CIB2, USH2A, ADGRV1, WHRN, and CLRN1), four USH associated genes (HARS, PDZD7, CEP250, and C2orf71), and the region comprising the deep-intronic c.7595-2144A>G mutation in USH2A. Results NGS sequencing was performed in 11 USH patients from Cuba. All the cases were solved. We found the responsible mutations in the USH2A, ADGRV1, CDH23, PCDH15, and CLRN1 genes. Four mutations have not been previously reported. Two mutations are recurrent in this study: c.619C>T (p.Arg207∗) in CLRN1, previously reported in two unrelated Spanish families of Basque origin, and c.4488G>C (p.Gln1496His) in CDH23, first described in a large Cuban family. Additionally, c.4488G>C has been reported two more times in the literature in two unrelated families of Spanish origin. Conclusion Although the sample size is very small, it is tempting to speculate that the gene frequencies in Cuba are distinct from other populations mainly due to an “island effect” and genetic drift. The two recurrent mutations appear to be of Spanish origin. Further studies with a larger cohort are needed to elucidate the real genetic landscape of Usher syndrome in the Cuban population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elayne E Santana
- Centro Provincial de Genética, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Holguín, Holguín, Cuba
| | - Carla Fuster-García
- Health Research Institute La Fe, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Aller
- Health Research Institute La Fe, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Jaijo
- Health Research Institute La Fe, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Gema García-García
- Health Research Institute La Fe, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Millán
- Health Research Institute La Fe, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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28
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Fuster-García C, García-García G, Jaijo T, Fornés N, Ayuso C, Fernández-Burriel M, Sánchez-De la Morena A, Aller E, Millán JM. High-throughput sequencing for the molecular diagnosis of Usher syndrome reveals 42 novel mutations and consolidates CEP250 as Usher-like disease causative. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17113. [PMID: 30459346 PMCID: PMC6244211 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35085-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome is a rare disorder causing retinitis pigmentosa, together with sensorineural hearing loss. Due to the phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity of this disease, the best method to screen the causative mutations is by high-throughput sequencing. In this study, we tested a semiconductor chip based sequencing approach with 77 unrelated patients, as a molecular diagnosis routine. In addition, Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification and microarray-based Comparative Genomic Hybridization techniques were applied to detect large rearrangements, and minigene assays were performed to confirm the mRNA processing aberrations caused by splice-site mutations. The designed panel included all the USH causative genes (MYO7A, USH1C, CDH23, PCDH15, USH1G, CIB2, USH2A, ADGRV1, WHRN and CLRN1) as well as four uncertainly associated genes (HARS, PDZD7, CEP250 and C2orf71). The outcome showed an overall mutation detection ratio of 82.8% and allowed the identification of 42 novel putatively pathogenic mutations. Furthermore, we detected two novel nonsense mutations in CEP250 in a patient with a disease mimicking Usher syndrome that associates visual impairment due to cone-rod dystrophy and progressive hearing loss. Therefore, this approach proved reliable results for the molecular diagnosis of the disease and also allowed the consolidation of the CEP250 gene as disease causative for an Usher-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Fuster-García
- Grupo de Investigación en Biomedicina Molecular, Celular y Genómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Gema García-García
- Grupo de Investigación en Biomedicina Molecular, Celular y Genómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain.
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Teresa Jaijo
- Grupo de Investigación en Biomedicina Molecular, Celular y Genómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Genética y Diagnóstico Prenatal, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Neus Fornés
- Grupo de Investigación en Biomedicina Molecular, Celular y Genómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Ayuso
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Genética, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz IIS-FJD, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Elena Aller
- Grupo de Investigación en Biomedicina Molecular, Celular y Genómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Genética y Diagnóstico Prenatal, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - José M Millán
- Grupo de Investigación en Biomedicina Molecular, Celular y Genómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
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29
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Hearn T. ALMS1 and Alström syndrome: a recessive form of metabolic, neurosensory and cardiac deficits. J Mol Med (Berl) 2018; 97:1-17. [PMID: 30421101 PMCID: PMC6327082 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-018-1714-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alström syndrome (AS) is characterised by metabolic deficits, retinal dystrophy, sensorineural hearing loss, dilated cardiomyopathy and multi-organ fibrosis. Elucidating the function of the mutated gene, ALMS1, is critical for the development of specific treatments and may uncover pathways relevant to a range of other disorders including common forms of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Interest in ALMS1 is heightened by the recent discovery of its involvement in neonatal cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest, a process with potential relevance to regenerative medicine. ALMS1 encodes a ~ 0.5 megadalton protein that localises to the base of centrioles. Some studies have suggested a role for this protein in maintaining centriole-nucleated sensory organelles termed primary cilia, and AS is now considered to belong to the growing class of human genetic disorders linked to ciliary dysfunction (ciliopathies). However, mechanistic details are lacking, and recent studies have implicated ALMS1 in several processes including endosomal trafficking, actin organisation, maintenance of centrosome cohesion and transcription. In line with a more complex picture, multiple isoforms of the protein likely exist and non-centrosomal sites of localisation have been reported. This review outlines the evidence for both ciliary and extra-ciliary functions of ALMS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Hearn
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK.
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