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Lee SM, Park SY, Kim JY. Comparative evaluation of the antihyperglycemic effects of three extracts of sea mustard (Undaria pinnatifida): In vitro and in vivo studies. Food Res Int 2024; 190:114623. [PMID: 38945577 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Undaria pinnatifida (UP) contains multiple bioactive substances, such as polyphenols, polysaccharides, and amino acids, which are associated with various biological properties. This study aimed to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effects of three extracts obtained from UP. UP was extracted under three different conditions: a low-temperature water extract at 50 °C (UPLW), a high-temperature water extract at 90 °C (UPHW), and a 70 % ethanol extract (UPE). Nontargeted chemical profiling using high-performance liquid chromatography-triple/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS) was conducted on the three UP extracts. Subsequently, α-glucosidase inhibitory (AGI) activity, glucose uptake, and the mRNA expression of sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) were evaluated in Caco-2 cell monolayers. Furthermore, an oral carbohydrate tolerance test was performed on C57BL/6 mice. The mice were orally administered UP at 300 mg/kg body weight (B.W.), and the blood glucose level and area under the curve (AUC) were measured. Compared with glucose, UPLW, UPHW and UPE significantly inhibited both glucose uptake and the mRNA expression of SGLT1 and GLUT2 in Caco-2 cell monolayers. After glucose, maltose, and sucrose loading, the blood glucose levels and AUC of the UPLW group were significantly lower than those of the control group. These findings suggest that UPLW has antihyperglycemic effects by regulating glucose uptake through glucose transporters and can be expected to alleviate postprandial hyperglycemia. Therefore, UPLW may have potential as a functional food ingredient for alleviating postprandial hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Min Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232, Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232, Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232, Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea.
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Gostyńska A, Buzun K, Żółnowska I, Krajka-Kuźniak V, Mańkowska-Wierzbicka D, Jelińska A, Stawny M. Natural bioactive compounds-The promising candidates for the treatment of intestinal failure-associated liver disease. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1952-1971. [PMID: 39032247 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a life-saving procedure conducted to maintain a proper nutritional state in patients with severe intestinal failure who cannot be fed orally. A serious complication of PN therapy is liver failure, known as intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD). The pathogenesis of IFALD is multifactorial and includes inhibition of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) by PN components, bacteria translocation from impaired intestines, and intravenous line-associated bloodstream infection. Currently, the most frequently researched therapeutic option for IFALD is using lipid emulsions based on soy or fish oil and, therefore, free from phytosterols known as FXR antagonists. Nevertheless, the potential side effects of the lack of soybean oil delivery seem to outweigh the benefits, especially in the pediatric population. PN admixture provides all the necessary nutrients; however, it is deprived of exogenous natural bioactive compounds (NBCs) of plant origin, such as polyphenols, characterized by health-promoting properties. Among them, many substances have already been known to demonstrate the hepatoprotective effect in various liver diseases. Therefore, searching for new therapeutic options for IFALD among NBCs seems reasonable and potentially successful. This review summarizes the recent research on polyphenols and their use in treating various liver diseases, especially metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver diseases (MASLD). Furthermore, based on scientific reports, we have described the molecular mechanism of action of selected NBCs that exert hepatoprotective properties. We also summarized the current knowledge on IFALD pathogenesis, described therapeutic options undergoing clinical trials, and presented the future perspective of the potential use of NBCs in PN therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Gostyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Kamila Buzun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Izabela Żółnowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Bukowska 70, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Violetta Krajka-Kuźniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Dorota Mańkowska-Wierzbicka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Jelińska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Stawny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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Wang M, Chen R, Wang S, Cui J, Lian D, Li L. Comparative Study of Binding Behaviors of Cyanidin, Cyanidin-3-Galactoside, Peonidin with Tyrosinase. J Fluoresc 2024; 34:1747-1760. [PMID: 37603228 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03384-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Cyanidin, peonidin and cyanidin-3-galactoside are the common anthocyanins with a variety of biological activities. Tyrosinase is a speed-limiting enzyme associated with melanin production. The inhibition of tyrosinase activity can prevent melanin disease while contributing to whitening. The interaction behaviors of the three anthocyanins against tyrosinase have been discussed in this paper. Cyanidin has strongest inhibitory effect on tyrosinase, and then peonidin, cyanidin-3-galactoside. Furthermore, the inhibition of tyrosinase by the three anthocyanins is mixed modes. The three anthocyanins can induce the static fluorescence quenching of tyrosinase. Cyanidin exhibits strongest binding affinity on tyrosinase, and then peonidin, cyanidin-3-galactoside based on Ka values obtain by fluorescence analysis. The binding of all anthocyanin to tyrosinase induce its conformation changes. According to molecular docking and fluorescence studies, they bind to tyrosinase by hydrogen bond and van der Waals force. In addition, the optimal modes of the three anthocyanins with tyrosinase are predicated by molecular docking. This work emphasizes that cyanidin, peonidin and cyanidin-3-galactoside may be potential drugs for the treatment of diseases caused by melanin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizi Wang
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Rongda Chen
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
- Zhaoqing Xuanqing Middle School, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Suqing Wang
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Jingjing Cui
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Di Lian
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Li Li
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China.
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Bouyahya A, Balahbib A, Khalid A, Makeen HA, Alhazmi HA, Albratty M, Hermansyah A, Ming LC, Goh KW, El Omari N. Clinical applications and mechanism insights of natural flavonoids against type 2 diabetes mellitus. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29718. [PMID: 38694079 PMCID: PMC11061711 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a complex disease that affects a large percentage of the world's population, and it is associated with several risk factors. Self-management poses a significant challenge, but natural sources have shown great potential in providing effective glucose reducing solutions. Flavonoids, a class of bioactive substances found in different natural sources including medicinal plants, have emerged as promising candidates in this regard. Indeed, several flavonoids, including apigenin, arbutin, catechins, and cyanidin, have demonstrated remarkable anti-diabetic properties. The clinical effectiveness of these flavonoids is linked to their potential to decrease blood glucose concentration and increase insulin concentration. Thus, the regulation of certain metabolic pathways such as glycolysis and neoglycogenesis has also been demonstrated. In vitro and in vivo investigations revealed different mechanisms of action related to flavonoid compounds at subcellular, cellular, and molecular levels. The main actions reside in the activation of glycolytic signaling pathways and the inhibition of signaling that promotes glucose synthesis and storage. In this review, we highlight the clinical efficiency of natural flavonoids as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying this effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, 60115 Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Abdelaali Balahbib
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Errachidia, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box: 2424, Khartoum-11111, Sudan
| | - Hafiz A. Makeen
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A. Alhazmi
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Postal Code 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Albratty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Postal Code 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andi Hermansyah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, 60115 Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, 60115 Surabaya, Indonesia
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Tetouan, Tetouan, Morocco
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Loganathan C, Ameen F, Sakayanathan P, Amirul Islam M, Thayumanavan P. Exploring the interaction of phytochemicals from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flowers with glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase: An integrated in vitro and in silico approach. Comput Biol Chem 2024; 108:107996. [PMID: 38061170 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Targeting multiple factors such as oxidative stress, alpha glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) are considered advantageous for the treatment of diabetes and diabetes associated-cognitive dysfunction. In the present study, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flowers anthocyanin-rich extract (HRA) was prepared. Phytochemical analysis of HRA using LC-ESI/MS/MS revealed the presence of various phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins. HRA showed in vitro antioxidant activity at low concentrations. HRA inhibited all the activities of mammalian glucosidases and AChE activity. The IC50 value of HRA for the inhibition of maltase, sucrase, isomaltase, glucoamylase and AChE was found to be 308.02 ± 34.25 µg/ml, 287.8 ± 19.49 µg/ml, 424.58 ± 34.75 µg/ml, 408.94 ± 64.82 µg/ml and 264.13 ± 30.84 µg/ml, respectively. Kinetic analysis revealed mixed-type inhibition against all the activities except for glucoamylase (competitive) activity. In silico analysis confirmed the interaction of two active constituents cyanidin 3-sophoroside (CS) and quercetin 3-O-sophoroside (QS) with four subunits, n-terminal and c-terminal subunits of human maltase-glucoamylase and sucrase-isomaltase as well as with AChE. Molecular dynamics simulation, binding free energy calculation, DCCM, PCA, PCA-based free energy surface analysis ascertained the stable binding of CS and QS with target proteins studied. HRA could be used as complementary therapy for diabetes and cognitive improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Loganathan
- Bioinnov Solutions LLP, Research and Development Center, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636002, India; Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical And Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600077, India.
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Penislusshiyan Sakayanathan
- Bioinnov Solutions LLP, Research and Development Center, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636002, India; Department of Biochemistry, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636011, India
| | - M Amirul Islam
- Verschuren Centre for Sustainability in Energy and the Environment 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada B1M 1A2
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Zulfiqar S, Blando F, Orfila C, Marshall LJ, Boesch C. Chromogenic Assay Is More Efficient in Identifying α-Amylase Inhibitory Properties of Anthocyanin-Rich Samples When Compared to the 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid (DNS) Assay. Molecules 2023; 28:6399. [PMID: 37687228 PMCID: PMC10490044 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of carbohydrate digestion by plant bioactive compounds is a potential dietary strategy to counteract type 2 diabetes. Indeed, inhibition of α-amylase, a key enzyme that carries out the bulk of starch digestion, has been demonstrated for a range of bioactive compounds including anthocyanins; however, sample pigmentation often interferes with measurements, affecting colorimetric assay outcomes. Therefore, the present study compared the performance of a direct chromogenic assay, using 2-chloro-4 nitrophenyl α-D-maltotrioside (CNPG3) as a substrate, with the commonly used 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) assay. The direct chromogenic assay demonstrated a 5-10-fold higher sensitivity to determine α-amylase inhibition in various samples, including acarbose as a reference, pure anthocyanins, and anthocyanin-rich samples. The IC50 values of acarbose presented as 37.6 μg/mL and 3.72 μg/mL for the DNS assay and the direct chromogenic assay, respectively, whereas purified anthocyanins from blackcurrant showed IC50 values of 227.4 µg/mL and 35.0 µg/mL. The direct chromogenic assay is easy to perform, fast, reproducible, and suitable for high-throughput screening of pigmented α-amylase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Zulfiqar
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (S.Z.); (C.O.); (L.J.M.)
| | - Federica Blando
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Caroline Orfila
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (S.Z.); (C.O.); (L.J.M.)
| | - Lisa J. Marshall
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (S.Z.); (C.O.); (L.J.M.)
| | - Christine Boesch
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (S.Z.); (C.O.); (L.J.M.)
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Chen L, Chen W, Li D, Liu X. Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin from Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Ell.: Purification, fractionation, and enzyme inhibition. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:3911-3922. [PMID: 37457197 PMCID: PMC10345685 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Ell. is a rich source of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins with confirmed health benefits. Individual cyanidin glucosides (cyanidin 3-galactoside, cyanidin 3-arabinoside, cyanidin 3-xyloside, and cyanidin 3-glucoside) of anthocyanins (calculated by individual cyanin glycoside fractions was 419.9 mg/100 g FW) were isolated by Sephadex LH-20 column and different parts of proanthocyanidins with a different mean degree of polymerization (mDP) were fractionated by the solubility differences in different solvents. The composition of different mDP of proanthocyanidins was as follows: monomers (1.51%), oligomer (mDP of 4.2 ± 0.9, 20.57%), CPP-50 (mDP of 78.9 ± 4.1, 22.17%), CPP-60 (mDP of 66.1 ± 1.2, 27.94%), CPP-70 (mDP of 36.8 ± 3.9, 36.8%), CPP-75 (mDP of 25.2 ± 1.3, 6.14%), CPP-L (mDP of 10.2 ± 2.6, 6.95%), and there were recycling loss of 0.34%. Cyanidin 3-glucoside showed the strongest inhibition effects on α-amylase and lipase and cyanidin 3-arabinoside showed the strongest inhibition effect on α-glucosidase, while cyanidin 3-xyloside has no inhibition effect on the α-amylase, and cyanidin 3-galactoside, cyanidin 3-arabinoside, and cyanidin 3-xyloside have no inhibition effects on lipase. The inhibition effect of proanthocyanidins with different mDP to the enzymes all showed high negative correlations between the mDP and IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration). This study suggests that A. melanocarpa (Michx.) Ell. can have beneficial effects due to inhibition of the digestion enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial BioSystems and Bioprocessing EngineeringTianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of SciencesTianjinChina
- National Innovation Centre for Synthetic BiologyTianjinChina
| | - Wuxi Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial BioSystems and Bioprocessing EngineeringTianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of SciencesTianjinChina
- National Innovation Centre for Synthetic BiologyTianjinChina
| | - Demao Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial BioSystems and Bioprocessing EngineeringTianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of SciencesTianjinChina
- National Innovation Centre for Synthetic BiologyTianjinChina
| | - Xiumin Liu
- Hebei Jiaotong Vocational and Technical CollegeHebeiShijiazhuangChina
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Scrob T, Filip GA, Baldea I, Varodi SM, Cimpoiu C. Sweeteners' Influence on In Vitro α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity, Cytotoxicity, Stability and In Vivo Bioavailability of the Anthocyanins from Lingonberry Jams. Foods 2023; 12:2569. [PMID: 37444306 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Several lines of evidence demonstrate the multiple health-promoting properties of anthocyanins, but little is known regarding the bioavailability of these phytochemicals. Therefore, the stability during storage and bioavailability of anthocyanins from lingonberries jams were determined by HPLC, together with the impact of used sweeteners on their adsorption. Further, the in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition using spectrophotometric methods and cytotoxicity determined on normal and colon cancer cells were communicated. The content of anthocyanins was significantly decreased during storage in coconut sugar-based jam, but was best preserved in jam with fructose and stevia. Fructose and stevia-based jams showed the highest inhibition activity upon α-glucosidase. Lingonberry jams showed no cytotoxic effects on normal cells, but at low concentration reduced the tumor cells viability. Anthocyanins were still detectable in rats' blood streams after 24 h, showing a prolonged bioavailability in rats. This study brings important results that will enable the development of functional food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Scrob
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Research Center for Advanced Chemical Analysis, Instrumentation and Chemometrics, 11 Arany Janos, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriela Adriana Filip
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Baldea
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sânziana Maria Varodi
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Claudia Cimpoiu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Research Center for Advanced Chemical Analysis, Instrumentation and Chemometrics, 11 Arany Janos, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Effects of Far-Infrared Radiation Drying on Starch Digestibility and the Content of Bioactive Compounds in Differently Pigmented Rice Varieties. Foods 2022; 11:foods11244079. [PMID: 36553821 PMCID: PMC9777795 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Far infrared radiation (FIR) was applied to six rice varieties with different coloring of the pericarp (purple, red or non-pigment). Changes were determined in amylose content, in gelatinization parameters, in the content of bioactive compounds, in antioxidant activity and in the in vitro digestibility of pigmented rice as affected by FIR. The highest contents of amylose, total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC) and total anthocyanins (TAC) were found in the purple and red varieties. Overall, FIR increased TPC, TFC and TAC, including antioxidant capacity. Quercetin and apigenin contents were increased while rutin and myricetin decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in all FIR-dried samples. Dephinidin, cyanidin-3-glucosides and pelargonidin increased after FIR treatment. Mostly, FIR-treated samples were found to have greater gelatinization enthalpy, compared with unheated rice samples. FIR-dried rice showed lower starch digestibility (25−40%) than unheated rice. This research suggested that the specific genotype of rice had the greatest influence on amylose content in pigmented rice, while FIR drying had no further effect. Our results suggest that FIR could enhance the content of the bioactive compounds capable of inhibiting α-amylase, thereby lowering starch digestibility. Hence, FIR may be considered as an appropriate drying method for pigmented rice regarding health benefits.
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Preparation of hypoglycemic anthocyanins from mulberry (Fructus mori) fruits by ultrahigh pressure extraction. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.103255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Jiang J, Tang T, Peng Y, Liu M, Liu Q, Mi P, Yang Z, Chen H, Zheng X. Research progress on antidiabetic activity of apigenin derivatives. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02933-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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12
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Uuh Narvaez JJ, Segura Campos MR. Combination therapy of bioactive compounds with acarbose: A proposal to control hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14268. [PMID: 35662051 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disease with a high impact on public health and social welfare. Hyperglycemia is a characteristic of T2D that leads to different complications. Acarbose (ACB) reduces hyperglycemia by inhibiting α-amylase (AMY) and α-glucosidase (GLU) enzymes. However, ACB causes low adherence to treatment by patients with diabetes due to its side effects. Consequently, reducing the side effects produced by ACB without compromising its efficacy is a challenge in treating T2D. Bioactive compounds (BC) are safe and could decrease the side effects compared to antidiabetic drugs such as ACB. Nevertheless, their efficacy alone concerning that drug is unknown. The scientific advances have been directed toward searching for new approaches, such as combination therapies between BC and ACB. This review analyzes the combined therapy of BC (extracts or isolates) with ACB in inhibiting AMY and GLU as a proposal to control hyperglycemia in T2D. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Postprandial hyperglycemia is one most typical signs of type 2 diabetes, and it can have significant consequences, including cardiovascular problems. Acarbose has side effects that lead to the abandonment of treatment. Bioactive compounds in extracts or isolated forms have become a viable option for controlling hyperglycemia without side effects, but their administration alone is insufficient. The scientific advances of acarbose/bioactive compound combination therapy as a proposal for controlling hyperglycemia in T2D were analyzed. The findings suggested that bioactive compounds combined with acarbose are effective when they function synergistically or additively; however, they are not recommended in therapy when they have an antagonistic effect.
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Cui Y, Zhao J, Chen J, Kong Y, Wang M, Ma Y, Meng X. Cyanidin‐3‐galactoside from
Aronia melanocarpa
ameliorates silica‐induced pulmonary fibrosis by modulating the TGF‐β/mTOR and NRF2/HO‐1 pathways. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:2558-2567. [PMID: 35959254 PMCID: PMC9361441 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanidin‐3‐galactoside (C3G), the most abundant anthocyanin in Aronia melanocarpa, has many beneficial health effects, such as antioxidation. C3G was extracted from A. melanocarpa and applied (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight) to 50‐μl silica particles (SP) solution‐exposed mice to research its antifibrotic properties using histological analysis, hydroxyproline assay, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis. The results showed that C3G treatment significantly ameliorated pulmonary fibrosis and cell infiltration into the lungs of mice. It also relieved SP‐induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), 400 mg/kg C3G treatment increasing epithelial‐cadherin mRNA expression and decreasing α‐smooth muscle actin mRNA expression to the level of that in the control group. Western blot analysis showed that exposure to SP increased the production of transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) by 4.71‐ and 4.15‐fold, respectively, in the lungs of mice, which were significantly inhibited by C3G treatment. Moreover, 400 mg/kg C3G treatment up‐regulated two important antioxidant mediators, nuclear factor erythroid‐2‐related factor 2 (NRF2; 4.91‐fold) and heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1; 4.81‐fold). The mechanism study indicated that C3G might inhibit the TGF‐β/mTOR signaling via the NRF2/HO‐1 pathway and that SP‐induced pulmonary EMT was ameliorated by inhibiting the TGF‐β/mTOR signaling pathway. Our findings could provide new avenues for C3G as a functional food for preventing or mediating the progression of SP‐induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Cui
- College of Food Science Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang PR China
| | - Jin Zhao
- College of Food Science Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Food Science Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang PR China
| | - Yanwen Kong
- College of Food Science Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang PR China
| | - Mingyue Wang
- College of Food Science Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang PR China
| | - Yan Ma
- Center of Experiment Teaching Shenyang Normal University Shenyang PR China
| | - Xianjun Meng
- College of Food Science Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang PR China
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14
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Kapoor P, Kumari A, Sheoran B, Sharma S, Kaur S, Bhunia RK, Rajarammohan S, Bishnoi M, Kondepudi KK, Garg M. Anthocyanin biofortified colored wheat modifies gut microbiota in mice. J Cereal Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2022.103433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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15
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Bonesi M, Leporini M, Tenuta MC, Tundis R. The Role of Anthocyanins in Drug Discovery: Recent Developments. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2021; 17:286-298. [PMID: 30686260 DOI: 10.2174/1570163816666190125152931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Natural compounds have always played a key role in drug discovery. Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites belonging to the flavonoids family responsible for the purple, blue, and red colour of many vegetables and fruits. These phytochemicals have attracted the interest of researchers for their important implications in human health and for their use as natural colorants. Many in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated the potential effects of anthocyanins and anthocyanins-rich foods in the prevention and/or treatment of diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. This review reports the recent literature data and focuses on the potential role of anthocyanins in drug discovery. Their biological activity, analysis of structure-activity relationships, bioavailability, metabolism, and future prospects of their uses are critically described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bonesi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Leporini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Maria C Tenuta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
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16
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Taslimi P, Işık M, Türkan F, Durgun M, Türkeş C, Gülçin İ, Beydemir Ş. Benzenesulfonamide derivatives as potent acetylcholinesterase, α-glycosidase, and glutathione S-transferase inhibitors: biological evaluation and molecular docking studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 39:5449-5460. [PMID: 32691682 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1790422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sulfonamide derivatives exhibit a wide biological activity and can function as potential medical molecules in the development of a drug. Studies have reported that the compounds have an effect on many enzymes. In this study, the derivatives of amine sulfonamide (1i-11i) were prepared with reduced imine compounds (1-11) with NaBH4 in methanol. The synthesized compounds were fully characterized by spectral data and analytical. The effect of the synthesized derivatives on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and α-glycosidase (α-GLY) enzymes were determined. For the AChE and α-GLY, the most powerful inhibition was observed on 10 and 10i series with KI value in the range 2.26 ± 0.45-3.57 ± 0.97 and 95.73 ± 13.67-102.45 ± 11.72 µM, respectively. KI values of the series for GST were found in the range of 22.76 ± 1.23-49.29 ± 4.49. Finally, the compounds have a stronger inhibitor in lower concentrations by the attachment of functional electronegative groups such as two halogens (-Br and -CI), -OH to the benzene ring and -SO2NH2. The crystal structures of AChE, α-GLY, and GST in complex with selected derivatives 4 and 10 show the importance of the functional moieties in the binding modes within the receptors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartın University, Bartın, Turkey
| | - Mesut Işık
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Fikret Türkan
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Durgun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- The Rectorate of Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
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17
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Moroccan antidiabetic medicinal plants: Ethnobotanical studies, phytochemical bioactive compounds, preclinical investigations, toxicological validations and clinical evidences; challenges, guidance and perspectives for future management of diabetes worldwide. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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18
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Zhang L, Martinelli E, Senizza B, Miras-Moreno B, Yildiztugay E, Arikan B, Elbasan F, Ak G, Balci M, Zengin G, Rouphael Y, Lucini L. The Combination of Mild Salinity Conditions and Exogenously Applied Phenolics Modulates Functional Traits in Lettuce. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10071457. [PMID: 34371660 PMCID: PMC8309431 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The quest for sustainable strategies aimed at increasing the bioactive properties of plant-based foods has grown quickly. In this work, we investigated the impact of exogenously applied phenolics, i.e., chlorogenic acid (CGA), hesperidin (HES), and their combinations (HES + CGA), on Lactuca sativa L. grown under normal- and mild-salinity conditions. To this aim, the phenolic profile, antioxidant properties, and enzyme inhibitory activity were determined. The untargeted metabolomics profiling revealed that lettuce treated with CGA under non-stressed conditions exhibited the highest total phenolic content (35.98 mg Eq./g). Lettuce samples grown under salt stress showed lower phenolic contents, except for lettuce treated with HES or HES + CGA, when comparing the same treatment between the two conditions. Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity was investigated through DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,20-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)), and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) assays, coupled with metal-chelating activity and phosphomolybdenum capacity. An exciting increase in radical scavenging capacity was observed in lettuce treated with exogenous phenolics, in both stress and non-stress conditions. The inhibitory activity of the samples was evaluated against target health-related enzymes, namely cholinesterases (acetylcholinesterase; AChE; butyryl cholinesterase; BChE), tyrosinase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase. Lettuce treated with HES + CGA under non-stress conditions exhibited the strongest inhibition against AChE and BChE, while the same treatment under salinity conditions resulted in the highest inhibition capacity against α-amylase. Additionally, CGA under non-stress conditions exhibited the best inhibitory effect against tyrosinase. All the functional traits investigated were significantly modulated by exogenous phenolics, salinity, and their combination. In more detail, flavonoids, lignans, and stilbenes were the most affected phenolics, whereas glycosidase enzymes and tyrosinase activity were the most affected among enzyme assays. In conclusion, the exogenous application of phenolics to lettuce represents an effective and green strategy to effectively modulate the phenolic profile, antioxidant activity, and enzyme inhibitory effects in lettuce, deserving future application to produce functional plant-based foods in a sustainable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Zhang
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (L.Z.); (E.M.); (B.S.); (B.M.-M.); (L.L.)
| | - Erika Martinelli
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (L.Z.); (E.M.); (B.S.); (B.M.-M.); (L.L.)
| | - Biancamaria Senizza
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (L.Z.); (E.M.); (B.S.); (B.M.-M.); (L.L.)
| | - Begoña Miras-Moreno
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (L.Z.); (E.M.); (B.S.); (B.M.-M.); (L.L.)
| | - Evren Yildiztugay
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, Konya 42130, Turkey; (E.Y.); (B.A.); (F.E.); (M.B.)
| | - Busra Arikan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, Konya 42130, Turkey; (E.Y.); (B.A.); (F.E.); (M.B.)
| | - Fevzi Elbasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, Konya 42130, Turkey; (E.Y.); (B.A.); (F.E.); (M.B.)
| | - Gunes Ak
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, Konya 42130, Turkey; (G.A.); (G.Z.)
| | - Melike Balci
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, Konya 42130, Turkey; (E.Y.); (B.A.); (F.E.); (M.B.)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, Konya 42130, Turkey; (G.A.); (G.Z.)
| | - Youssef Rouphael
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (L.Z.); (E.M.); (B.S.); (B.M.-M.); (L.L.)
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Xu M, Liang H, Meng SS, Gu ZY. Enhancing the enzymatic inhibition performance of Cu-based metal-organic frameworks by shortening the organic ligands. Analyst 2021; 146:4235-4241. [PMID: 34096937 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00531f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Creating more exposed active sites on the metal-organic framework (MOF) surface is crucial for enhancing the recognition ability of MOF artificial receptors. Here, a copper-based MOF Cu(im)2 (im = imidazole) was utilized to act as an artificial receptor, inhibiting the activity of α-chymotrypsin. The shortest diazole ligand reduced the distance between regenerative copper sites, creating as many active sites as possible on the MOF unit surface. The amount of copper(ii) centers on the Cu(im)2 surface was calculated to be 4.96 × 106μm-2. Thus, Cu(im)2 showed exceedingly higher inhibition performance than other copper-based MOFs. The ChT activity was almost inhibited (88.8%) after the incubation with only 20 μg mL-1 Cu(im)2 for 10 min. The binding between ChT and Cu(im)2 was very fast with high affinity. Further results proved that Cu(im)2 inhibited the activity of ChT through electrostatic interactions and coordination interactions via the mixed inhibition mode. This strategy to use short ligands to create more active sites on the MOF surface provides a new direction to enhance the inhibition efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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20
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Glycoside Hydrolases and Non-Enzymatic Glycation Inhibitory Potential of Viburnum opulus L. Fruit-In Vitro Studies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060989. [PMID: 34205673 PMCID: PMC8235151 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals of various origins are of great interest for their antidiabetic potential. In the present study, the inhibitory effects against carbohydrate digestive enzymes and non-enzymatic glycation, antioxidant capacity, and phenolic compounds composition of Viburnum opulus L. fruits have been studied. Crude extract (CE), purified extract (PE), and ethyl acetate (PEAF) and water (PEWF) fractions of PE were used in enzymatic assays to evaluate their inhibitory potential against α-amylase with potato and rice starch as substrate, α-glucosidase using maltose and sucrose as substrate, the antioxidant capacity (ABTS, ORAC and FRAP assays), antiglycation (BSA-fructose and BSA-glucose model) properties. Among four tested samples, PEAF not only had the highest content of total phenolics, but also possessed the strongest α-glucosidase inhibition, antiglycation and antioxidant activities. UPLC analysis revealed that this fraction contained mainly chlorogenic acid, proanthocyanidin oligomers and flavalignans. Contrary, the anti-amylase activity of V. opulus fruits probably occurs due to the presence of proanthocyanidin polymers and chlorogenic acids, especially dicaffeoylquinic acids present in PEWF. All V. opulus samples have an uncompetitive and mixed type inhibition against α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. Considering strong anti-glucosidase, antioxidant and antiglycation activities, V. opulus fruits may find promising applications in nutraceuticals and functional foods with antidiabetic activity.
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21
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Miao L, Xu Y, Jia C, Zhang B, Niu M, Zhao S. Structural changes of rice starch and activity inhibition of starch digestive enzymes by anthocyanins retarded starch digestibility. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 261:117841. [PMID: 33766339 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The effects of anthocyanins on in vitro and in vivo digestibility of rice starch were evaluated in this study. Then, the effects of anthocyanins on physicochemical properties of rice starch and on starch digestive enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) were investigated to understand the mechanism of the effects of anthocyanins on starch digestibility. Characterization of physicochemical properties of rice starch indicates a structural change due to the presence of anthocyanins, hindering its access to starch digestive enzymes. Besides, anthocyanins inhibited the activities of starch digestive enzymes by binding to their active sites, competing with the substrates and changing the secondary structure of the enzymes. The above stated changes of rice starch and starch digestive enzymes due to the presence of anthocyanins both contributed to retarding the digestibility of rice starch. This study could offer some theoretical guidance to the development of new type rice-based food with low glycemic index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lange Miao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, PR China.
| | - Yan Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, PR China.
| | - Caihua Jia
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, PR China.
| | - Binjia Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, PR China.
| | - Meng Niu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, PR China.
| | - Siming Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, PR China.
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22
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Synthesis, spectral properties, α-glucosidase inhibition, second-order and third-order NLO parameters and DFT calculations of Cr(III) and V(IV) complexes of 3-methylpicolinic acid. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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23
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Prpa EJ, Bajka BH, Ellis PR, Butterworth PJ, Corpe CP, Hall WL. A systematic review of in vitro studies evaluating the inhibitory effects of polyphenol-rich fruit extracts on carbohydrate digestive enzymes activity: a focus on culinary fruits consumed in Europe. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3783-3803. [PMID: 32838552 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1808585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Evidence shows that polyphenols can attenuate postprandial blood glucose responses to meals containing digestible carbohydrate. Polyphenol-rich plant extracts are emerging as potential ingredients in functional foods and/or beverages despite limited understanding of their physiological effects. Many studies have investigated the mechanisms of polyphenol-rich fruit extracts on inhibition of digestive enzymes. However, the evidence available has yet to be critically evaluated systematically. This report reviews the in vitro literature to quantify the effect of fruit polyphenol extracts on the activities of digestive carbohydrases. A systematic literature search was conducted using six science databases. Included studies, totaling 34 in number, were in vitro digestion models which quantified gut digestive enzyme(s) activity on starch digestion in the presence of fruit polyphenol extracts. Most studies assessed the effects of fruit extracts on either α-amylase (n = 30) or α-glucosidase (n = 30) activity. Studies were consistent overall in showing stronger inhibition of α-amylase compared to α-glucosidase by proanthocyanidin- and/or ellagitannin-rich fruit extracts. Recommendations are proposed for future reporting of this type of research to enable meaningful synthesis of the literature as a whole. Such knowledge could allow effective choices to be made for development of novel functional foods and beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Prpa
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - B H Bajka
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, Biopolymers Group, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P R Ellis
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, Biopolymers Group, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P J Butterworth
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, Biopolymers Group, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C P Corpe
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - W L Hall
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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24
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Apple polyphenol-rich drinks dose-dependently decrease early-phase postprandial glucose concentrations following a high-carbohydrate meal: a randomized controlled trial in healthy adults and in vitro studies. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 85:108466. [PMID: 32739411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research demonstrated that a high dose of phlorizin-rich apple extract (AE) can markedly inhibit early-phase postprandial glycemia, but efficacy of lower doses of the AE is unclear. OBJECTIVE To determine whether lower AE doses reduce early-phase postprandial glycemia in healthy adults and investigate mechanisms. DESIGN In a randomized, controlled, double-blinded, cross-over acute trial, drinks containing 1.8 g (HIGH), 1.35 g (MED), 0.9 g (LOW), or 0 g (CON) of a phlorizin-rich AE were consumed before 75 g starch/sucrose meal. Postprandial blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and polyphenol metabolites concentrations were measured 0-240 min, acetaminophen concentrations to assess gastric emptying rate, and 24 h urinary glucose excretion. Effects of AE on intestinal glucose transport were investigated in Caco-2/TC7 cells. RESULTS AE significantly reduced plasma glucose iAUC 0-30 min at all doses: mean differences (95% CI) relative to CON were -15.6 (-23.3, -7.9), -11.3 (-19.6, -3.0) and -8.99 (-17.3, -0.7) mmol/L per minute for HIGH, MEDIUM and LOW respectively, delayed Tmax (HIGH, MEDIUM and LOW 45 min vs. CON 30 min), but did not lower Cmax. Similar dose-dependent treatment effects were observed for insulin, C-peptide, and GIP. Gastric emptying rates and urinary glucose excretion did not differ. Serum phloretin, quercetin and epicatechin metabolites were detected postprandially. A HIGH physiological AE dose equivalent decreased total glucose uptake by 48% in Caco-2/TC7 cells. CONCLUSIONS Phlorizin-rich AE, even at a low dose, can slightly delay early-phase glycemia without affecting peak and total glycemic response.
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25
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Khamis G, Saleh AM, Habeeb TH, Hozzein WN, Wadaan MAM, Papenbrock J, AbdElgawad H. Provenance effect on bioactive phytochemicals and nutritional and health benefits of the desert date Balanites aegyptiaca. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13229. [PMID: 32250478 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Balanites aegyptiaca L. is a multipurpose tree distributed in Africa and Middle East. Several parts of B. aegyptiaca have been suggested to have medicinal uses. So far the effect of ecological origin on the nutritional values and biological activities of B. aegyptiaca genotypes is rarely investigated. Further, metabolic profiling and assessment of the functional food value of B. aegyptiaca leaves are far from complete. In this study, biological activities and profiling of primary and secondary metabolites were investigated in the leaves of five B. aegyptiaca provenances collected from Egypt, Sudan, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen. Interestingly, all provenances showed notable antidiabetic, antioxidant, antiprotozoal, antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed significant variability in the concentrations of individual sugars, organic acids, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, phenolics, and minerals among the provenances and these variations were provenance dependent. Medina provenance showed the heights diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging and antifungal activities and was the most powerful against embryonic kidney adenocarcinoma and urinary bladder carcinoma cells. The highest inhibition against Escherichia coli and colon carcinoma cells was observed by Sudan and Cairo provenances. El-Kharga and Yemen provenances showed the greatest activity against Trypanosoma cruzi and hepatocellular and urinary bladder carcinoma. Therefore, leaves of B. aegyptiaca possess good nutritive and biological capacities and might have potential applications in the food and medical industries. However, the strength of such activities is significantly affected by the provenance. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: According to the national Research Council (NRC) of United States, Balanites aegyptiaca L. is recognized among the 24 priority lost crops of Africa. B. aegyptiaca leaves contain considerable amounts of primary metabolites (e.g., sugars, EAAs, USFAs) and secondary (e.g., phenolic acids and flavonoids) metabolites, vitamins, and macro and microelements. The obvious existence of these nutritionally and medicinally related compounds supports the functional food value of B. aegyptiaca leaves. Moreover, the present results revealed that B. aegyptiaca is not only a foliage dietary plant, but also could be considered as a valuable source for neutraceuticals, which support its pharmacological value. So far, this is the first report to explore, in detail, the functional food value of B. aegyptiaca leaves by presenting a clear image about its metabolic profiling and biological activities, and how the provenance factor could affect these values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galal Khamis
- Department of Laser Applications in Metrology, Photochemistry and Agriculture (LAMPA), National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Saleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.,Biology Department, Faculty of Science at Yanbu, Taibah University, Yanbu El-Bahr, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talaat H Habeeb
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science at Yanbu, Taibah University, Yanbu El-Bahr, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael N Hozzein
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A M Wadaan
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jutta Papenbrock
- Institute of Botany, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.,Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Avcı D, Altürk S, Sönmez F, Tamer Ö, Başoğlu A, Atalay Y, Kurt BZ. Synthesis, DFT calculations and molecular docking study of mixed ligand metal complexes containing 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridyl as α-glucosidase inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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27
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Ismail Iid I, Kumar S, Shukla S, Kumar V, Sharma R. Putative antidiabetic herbal food ingredients: Nutra/functional properties, bioavailability and effect on metabolic pathways. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Avcı D, Altürk S, Sönmez F, Tamer Ö, Başoğlu A, Atalay Y, Kurt BZ, Dege N. Synthesis, spectral properties,
in vitro
α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity and quantum chemical calculations of novel mixed‐ligand M(II) complexes containing 1,10‐phenanthroline. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davut Avcı
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of PhysicsSakarya University 54187 Sakarya Turkey
| | - Sümeyye Altürk
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of PhysicsSakarya University 54187 Sakarya Turkey
| | - Fatih Sönmez
- Vocational High SchoolSakarya University of Applied Sciences Pamukova 54055 Sakarya Turkey
| | - Ömer Tamer
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of PhysicsSakarya University 54187 Sakarya Turkey
| | - Adil Başoğlu
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of PhysicsSakarya University 54187 Sakarya Turkey
| | - Yusuf Atalay
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of PhysicsSakarya University 54187 Sakarya Turkey
| | - Belma Zengin Kurt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryBezmialem Vakif University 34093 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Necmi Dege
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of PhysicsOndokuz Mayıs University 55139 Samsun Turkey
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Avcı D, Altürk S, Sönmez F, Tamer Ö, Başoğlu A, Atalay Y, Zengin Kurt B, Dege N. Novel metal complexes containing 6-methylpyridine-2-carboxylic acid as potent α-glucosidase inhibitor: synthesis, crystal structures, DFT calculations, and molecular docking. Mol Divers 2020; 25:171-189. [PMID: 31965435 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-020-10037-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) report shows that diabetes mellitus (DM) will be one of the ten deadly diseases in the near future. The best way to prevent DM is to decrease blood glucose levels and keep under control; therefore, it is important to design and synthesize the effective inhibitors that can be used in the treatment of DM disease. In this respect, a series of ten metal complexes containing 6-methylpyridine-2-carboxylic acid {[Cr(6-mpa)2(H2O)2]·H2O·NO3, (1), [Mn(6-mpa)2(H2O)2], (2), [Ni(6-mpa)2(H2O)2]·2H2O, (3), [Hg(6-mpa)2(H2O)], (4), [Cu(6-mpa)2(Py)], (5), [Cu(6-mpa)2(H2O)]·H2O, (6), [Zn(6-mpa)2(H2O)]·H2O, (7), [Fe(6-mpa)3], (8), [Cd(6-mpa)2(H2O)2]·2H2O, (9), and [Co(6-mpa)2(H2O)2]·2H2O, (10)} were synthesized as α-glucosidase inhibitors. We found that the IC50 values of the synthesized complexes ranged from 0.247 ± 0.10 to > 600 μM against α-glucosidase. The spectral analyses for these complexes characterized by XRD and LC-MS/MS were also carried out by FT-IR and UV-Vis spectra. Additionally, the DFT/HSEh1PBE/6-311G(d,p)/LanL2DZ level was applied to obtain optimal molecular geometries and spectral behaviors as well as significant contributions to the electronic transitions for the complexes. The molecular docking study was also performed to display interactions between the target protein (the template structure Saccharomyces cerevisiae isomaltase) and the synthesized complexes (1-10).
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Affiliation(s)
- Davut Avcı
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, 54187, Sakarya, Turkey.
| | - Sümeyye Altürk
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, 54187, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Fatih Sönmez
- Pamukova Vocational High School, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, 54055, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Ömer Tamer
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, 54187, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Adil Başoğlu
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, 54187, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Atalay
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, 54187, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Belma Zengin Kurt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Necmi Dege
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139, Samsun, Turkey
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Xu M, Meng SS, Liang H, Gu ZY. A metal–organic framework with tunable exposed facets as a high-affinity artificial receptor for enzyme inhibition. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi00827c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Copper-based metal-organic framework HKUST-1 was utilized as artificial receptor to recognize positive-charged α-chymotrypsin with high affinity. The affinity between them could be tuned through comprehensive synthetic design of exposed facets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing
| | - Sha-Sha Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing
| | - Hong Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing
| | - Zhi-Yuan Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing
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31
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Miller N, Malherbe CJ, Joubert E. In vitro α-glucosidase inhibition by honeybush (Cyclopia genistoides) food ingredient extract—potential for dose reduction of acarbose through synergism. Food Funct 2020; 11:6476-6486. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01306d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Synergistic in vitro inhibition of intestinal α-glucosidase by acarbose and xanthones indicates potential for reducing the effective dose of acarbose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Miller
- Plant Bioactives Group
- Post-Harvest and Agro-processing Technologies
- Agricultural Research Council (ARC) Infruitec-Nietvoorbij
- Stellenbosch 7599
- South Africa
| | - Christiaan J. Malherbe
- Plant Bioactives Group
- Post-Harvest and Agro-processing Technologies
- Agricultural Research Council (ARC) Infruitec-Nietvoorbij
- Stellenbosch 7599
- South Africa
| | - Elizabeth Joubert
- Plant Bioactives Group
- Post-Harvest and Agro-processing Technologies
- Agricultural Research Council (ARC) Infruitec-Nietvoorbij
- Stellenbosch 7599
- South Africa
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32
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Anthocyanin-enriched bilberry extract attenuates glycaemic response in overweight volunteers without changes in insulin. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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33
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Novel Cu(II), Co(II) and Zn(II) metal complexes with mixed-ligand: Synthesis, crystal structure, α-glucosidase inhibition, DFT calculations, and molecular docking. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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34
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Ratseewo J, Warren F, Siriamornpun S. The influence of starch structure and anthocyanin content on the digestibility of Thai pigmented rice. Food Chem 2019; 298:124949. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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35
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Avcı D, Altürk S, Sönmez F, Tamer Ö, Başoğlu A, Atalay Y, Zengin Kurt B, Dege N. A novel series of mixed-ligand M(II) complexes containing 2,2′-bipyridyl as potent α-glucosidase inhibitor: synthesis, crystal structure, DFT calculations, and molecular docking. J Biol Inorg Chem 2019; 24:747-764. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-019-01688-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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36
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Avcı D, Altürk S, Sönmez F, Tamer Ö, Başoğlu A, Atalay Y, Zengin Kurt B, Dege N. A novel series of M(II) complexes of 6‐methylpyridine‐2‐carboxylic acid with 4(5)methylimidazole: Synthesis, crystal structures, α‐glucosidase activity, density functional theory calculations and molecular docking. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davut Avcı
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of PhysicsSakarya University 54187 Sakarya Turkey
| | - Sümeyye Altürk
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of PhysicsSakarya University 54187 Sakarya Turkey
| | - Fatih Sönmez
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of ChemistrySakarya University 54187 Sakarya Turkey
| | - Ömer Tamer
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of PhysicsSakarya University 54187 Sakarya Turkey
| | - Adil Başoğlu
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of PhysicsSakarya University 54187 Sakarya Turkey
| | - Yusuf Atalay
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of PhysicsSakarya University 54187 Sakarya Turkey
| | - Belma Zengin Kurt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryBezmialem Vakif University 34093 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Necmi Dege
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of PhysicsOndokuz Mayıs University 55139 Samsun Turkey
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López-Angulo G, Montes-Avila J, Sánchez-Ximello L, Díaz-Camacho SP, Miranda-Soto V, López-Valenzuela JA, Delgado-Vargas F. Anthocyanins of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. Fruit Associated with High Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 73:308-313. [PMID: 30238426 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-018-0693-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Red arils of Pithecellobium dulce fruit, commonly known as guamuchil, show high antioxidant (AOx) and α-glucosidase inhibitory (IαG) activities, which have been mainly associated with the content of unknown anthocyanins. In this study, the AOx (i.e., DPPH and ABTS as Trolox equivalents, μmol TE/g) and IαG (as half-maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50, mg/mL) activities of the anthocyanin-rich fraction (ARF) obtained from red arils were contrasted with those of the methanol extract (ME), and the main ARF anthocyanins were characterized by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS, GC-MS and 1H-NMR. The AOx and IαG values of the ARF (DPPH = 597.8; ABTS = 884.01; IαG = 0.06) were better than those of the ME (DPPH = 41.5; ABTS = 142.3; IαG = 17.5); remarkably, the ARF IαG value was about 42 times lower than that of acarbose. The main anthocyanins in ARF were pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside and cyanidin 3-O-glucoside. Thus, the consumption of red P. dulce arils could provide health benefits for prevention/treatment of chronic degenerative diseases such as diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela López-Angulo
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, 80010, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Julio Montes-Avila
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, 80010, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Leticia Sánchez-Ximello
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, 80010, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Sylvia P Díaz-Camacho
- Unidad de Investigaciones en Ambiente y Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Los Mochis, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Valentín Miranda-Soto
- Centro de Graduados e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Apartado Postal 1166, C.P, 22000, Tijuana, Baja CA, Mexico
| | - José A López-Valenzuela
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, 80010, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Francisco Delgado-Vargas
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, 80010, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico.
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de Camargo AC, Schwember AR, Parada R, Garcia S, Maróstica MR, Franchin M, Regitano-d'Arce MAB, Shahidi F. Opinion on the Hurdles and Potential Health Benefits in Value-Added Use of Plant Food Processing By-Products as Sources of Phenolic Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3498. [PMID: 30404239 PMCID: PMC6275048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant foods, their products and processing by-products are well recognized as important sources of phenolic compounds. Recent studies in this field have demonstrated that food processing by-products are often richer sources of bioactive compounds as compared with their original feedstock. However, their final application as a source of nutraceuticals and bioactives requires addressing certain hurdles and challenges. This review discusses recent knowledge advances in the use of plant food processing by-products as sources of phenolic compounds with special attention to the role of genetics on the distribution and biosynthesis of plant phenolics, as well as their profiling and screening, potential health benefits, and safety issues. The potentialities in health improvement from food phenolics in animal models and in humans is well substantiated, however, considering the emerging market of plant food by-products as potential sources of phenolic bioactives, more research in humans is deemed necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Costa de Camargo
- Departamento de Ciencias Vegetales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306-22, Santiago, Chile.
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Londrina State University, Londrina 86051-990, Parana State, Brazil.
- Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food & Nutrition, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, São Paulo State, Brazil.
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada.
| | - Andrés R Schwember
- Departamento de Ciencias Vegetales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306-22, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Roberto Parada
- Departamento de Ciencias Vegetales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306-22, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Sandra Garcia
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Londrina State University, Londrina 86051-990, Parana State, Brazil.
| | - Mário Roberto Maróstica
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-862, São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Franchin
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba 13414-903, São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | - Marisa Aparecida Bismara Regitano-d'Arce
- Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food & Nutrition, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | - Fereidoon Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada.
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Leaf Extracts of Aerva lanata Inhibit the Activities of Type 2 Diabetes-Related Enzymes and Possess Antioxidant Properties. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:3439048. [PMID: 30356437 PMCID: PMC6178189 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3439048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The leaves of Aerva lanata are one of the indigenous medicinal plants used in the management of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in Africa. However, its effect on the activities of diabetes-related enzymes has not been investigated. This study evaluated the in vitro inhibitory effects of different extracts of the A. lanata leaf on the activities of diabetes-related enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) and chemically induced free radicals. Aqueous, ethanol, and hydroethanol extracts of A. lanata leaves were subjected to a standard enzyme inhibition assay followed by determination of modes of inhibition of the enzymes. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS). The results obtained showed that the hydroethanol extract of the A. lanata leaf optimally inhibited both α-amylase (IC50: 2.42 mg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC50: 0.23 mg/mL). The Lineweaver-Burk plot revealed that the mode of inhibition of both enzymes by the hydroethanol extract was uncompetitive. However, the hydroethanol and aqueous extracts displayed the best DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging ability, respectively. It can be concluded that the A. lanata extract inhibited the activities of both α-amylase and α-glucosidase uncompetitively, which may be attributed to its free radical-scavenging properties and rich phenolic composition.
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Chlorogenic and phenolic acids are only very weak inhibitors of human salivary α-amylase and rat intestinal maltase activities. Food Res Int 2018; 113:452-455. [PMID: 30195541 PMCID: PMC6143438 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that consumption of polyphenol and phenolic-rich foods and beverages have the potential to reduce the risk of developing diabetes type 2, with coffee a dominant example according to epidemiological evidence. One of the proposed mechanisms of action is the inhibition of carbohydrate-digesting enzymes leading to attenuated post-prandial blood glucose concentrations, as exemplified by the anti-diabetic drug, acarbose. We determined if the phenolic, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, present in coffee, apples, potatoes, artichokes and prunes, for example, and also selected free phenolic acids (ferulic acid, caffeic acid and 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid), could inhibit human salivary α-amylase and rat intestinal maltase activities, digestive enzymes involved in the degradation of starch and malto-oligosaccharides. Using validated assays, we show that phenolic acids, both free and linked to quinic acid, are poor inhibitors of these enzymes, despite several publications that claim otherwise. 5-CQA inhibited human α-amylase only by <20% at 5 mM, with even less inhibition of rat intestinal maltase. The most effective inhibition was with 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid (plateau at maximum 32% inhibition of human α-amylase at 0.6 mM), but this compound is found in coffee in the free form only at very low concentrations. Espresso coffee contains the highest levels of 5-CQA among all commonly consumed foods and beverages with a typical concentration of ~5 mM, and much lower levels of free phenolic acids. We therefore conclude that inhibition of carbohydrate-digesting enzymes by chlorogenic or phenolic acids from any food or beverage is unlikely to be sufficient to modify post-prandial glycaemia, and so is unlikely to be the mechanism by which chlorogenic acid-rich foods and beverages such as coffee can reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Chlorogenic and phenolic acids weakly inhibit human α-amylase activity. Chlorogenic acids weakly inhibit rat maltase activity. Free phenolic acids exhibit no inhibition of rat maltase activity.
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Ding SM, Lan T, Ye GJ, Huang JJ, Hu Y, Zhu YR, Wang B. Novel oxazolxanthone derivatives as a new type of α-glucosidase inhibitor: synthesis, activities, inhibitory modes and synergetic effect. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:3370-3378. [PMID: 29776833 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Xanthone derivatives have shown good α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and have drawn increased attention as potential anti-diabetic compounds. In this study, a series of novel oxazolxanthones were designed, synthesized, and investigated as α-glucosidase inhibitors. Inhibition assays indicated that compounds 4-21 bearing oxazole rings exhibited up to 30-fold greater inhibitory activity compared to their corresponding parent compound 1b. Among them, compounds 5-21 (IC50 = 6.3 ± 0.4-38.5 ± 4.6 μM) were more active than 1-deoxynojirimycin (IC50 = 60.2 ± 6.2 μM), a well-known α-glucosidase inhibitor. In addition, the kinetics of enzyme inhibition measured by using Lineweaver-Burk analysis shows that compound 4 is a competitive inhibitor, while compounds 15, 16 and 20 are non-competitive inhibitors. Molecular docking studies showed that compound 4 bound to the active site pocket of the enzyme while compounds 15, 16, and 20 did not. More interestingly, docking simulations reveal that some of the oxazolxanthone derivatives bind to different sites in the enzyme. This prediction was further confirmed by the synergetic inhibition experiment, and the combination of representative compounds 16 and 20 at the optimal ratio of 4:6 led to an IC50 value of 1.9 ± 0.7 μM, better than the IC50 value of 7.1 ± 0.9 μM for compound 16 and 8.6 ± 0.9 μM for compound 20.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen-Miao Ding
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Tian Lan
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Gao-Jie Ye
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Jia-Jun Huang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - You Hu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yi-Ran Zhu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
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Ogundajo AL, Adeniran LA, Ashafa AO. Medicinal properties of Ocotea bullata stem bark extracts: phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, cytotoxicity and inhibition of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2018. [PMID: 29526237 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, cytotoxicity, and inhibitory activity against carbohydrate metabolism of extracts from Ocotea bullata stem bark. METHODS Hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water were used to extract the air-dried sample. The phytochemical investigation and antioxidant assays were carried out on the extracts using standard procedures. The antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory potentials were evaluated using α-amylase, α-glucosidase and 5-lipoxygenase enzymes respectively. Vero cells were employed to determine the cytotoxicity of the extracts. RESULTS The ethyl acetate extract showed higher phenolic contents (8.97 mg/g gallic acid) while methanol displayed higher flavonoid (36.06 mg/g quercetin) and flavonol (153.44 mg/g rutin) contents than other extracts. Hexane extract had the greatest capacity to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (0.19 mg/mL), hydroxyl (25.77 mg/mL) and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (0.07 mg/mL) radicals, while ethyl acetate extract exhibited stronger inhibition (P < 0.05) against superoxide anion (0.41 mg/mL) and ferric ion-reducing power (2.36 mg/mL) compared to other extracts and standards. Aqueous extract (27.02 mg/mL) exhibited strong metal-chelating activity (P < 0.05) compared to other extracts and gallic acid. The aqueous extract demonstrated the greatest inhibition of α-glucosidase (1.45 mg/mL) and α-amylase (2.43 mg/mL) compared to other extracts and acarbose. There were no significant differences (P < 0.05) in half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of all tested extracts and indomethacin in the inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase activity. The aqueous extract was nontoxic to Vero cells with an IC50 value of 0.38 mg/mL. CONCLUSION O. bullata stem bark contains active phytochemicals with diverse pharmacological potentials that could be beneficial in managing diabetes and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akintayo Lanre Ogundajo
- Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, South Africa
| | - Lateef Apollo Adeniran
- Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, South Africa
| | - Anofi Omotayo Ashafa
- Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, South Africa.
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Gowd V, Jia Z, Chen W. Anthocyanins as promising molecules and dietary bioactive components against diabetes – A review of recent advances. Trends Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Ogundajo A, Ashafa AT. Phytochemical Compositions and In vitro Assessments of Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Potentials of Fractions from Ehretia cymosa Thonn. Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:S470-S480. [PMID: 29142401 PMCID: PMC5669084 DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_118_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ehretia cymosa Thonn. is a popular medicinal plant used in different parts of West Africa for the treatment of various ailments including diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE The current study investigates bioactive constituents and in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic potentials of fractions from extract of E. cymosa. MATERIALS AND METHODS Phytochemical investigation and antioxidant assays were carried out using standard procedures. Antidiabetic potential was assessed by evaluating the inhibitory effects of the fractions on the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, while bioactive constituent's identification was carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis. RESULTS The phytochemistry tests of the fractions revealed the presence of tannins, phenols, flavonoids, steroids, terpene, alkaloid, and cardiac glycosides. Methanol fraction shows higher phenolic (27.44 mg gallic acid/g) and flavonoid (235.31 mg quercetin/g) contents, while ethyl acetate fraction revealed higher proanthocyanidins (28.31 mg catechin/g). Methanol fraction displayed higher (P < 0.05) 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (0.47 mg/mL), 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (0.49 mg/mL), and hydroxyl radical (0.55 mg/mL) scavenging activities, while ethyl acetate exhibited strong metal chelating (0.61 mg/mL) and superoxide anion (1.68 mg/mL) scavenging activity. Methanol and ethyl acetate fractions displayed higher inhibition (P < 0.05) against α-glucosidase (0.60 mg/mL) and α-amylase (2.11 mg/mL), respectively. Methanol fraction also inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase in competitive and noncompetitive modes, respectively. The GC-MS chromatogram of the methanol fraction revealed 24 compounds, which include phytol (1.78%), stearic acid (1.02%), and 2-hexadecyloxirane (34.18%), which are known antidiabetic and antioxidant agents. CONCLUSION The results indicate E. cymosa leaves as source of active phytochemicals with therapeutic potentials in the management of diabetes. SUMMARY E. cymosa fractions possess antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Hence, it is a source of active phytochemicals with therapeutic potentials in the management of diabetesThe high flavonoid, phenolic, and proanthocyanidin contents of fractions from E. cymosa also contribute to its antioxidant and antidiabetic propertiesMethanol fraction of E. cymosa displayed better antidiabetic activities compared to acarbose as revealed by their half maximal inhibitory concentration valuesMethanol fraction of E. cymosa extract contains phytol, hexadecyl oxirane, and stearic acid, which are reported to possess antidiabetic and antioxidant potentials. Abbreviations used: ABTS: 2,2- Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid, DPPH: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl, PMS: Phenazine methosulfate, NBT: Nitroblue tetrazolium, NADH: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, TCA: Trichloroacetic acid, TBA: Thiobarbituric acid, DNS: Dinitrosalicylic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akintayo Ogundajo
- Department of Plant Sciences, Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group, University of the Free State, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, South Africa
| | - Anofi Tom Ashafa
- Department of Plant Sciences, Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group, University of the Free State, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, South Africa
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Thimóteo NSB, Scavuzzi BM, Simão ANC, Dichi I. The impact of cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) and cranberry products on each component of the metabolic syndrome: a review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s41110-017-0048-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Castro-Acosta ML, Stone SG, Mok JE, Mhajan RK, Fu CI, Lenihan-Geels GN, Corpe CP, Hall WL. Apple and blackcurrant polyphenol-rich drinks decrease postprandial glucose, insulin and incretin response to a high-carbohydrate meal in healthy men and women. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 49:53-62. [PMID: 28886437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Postprandial glycemic responses to meals are inhibited by polyphenol-rich plant foods. Combinations of polyphenols may be particularly effective through complementary mechanisms. A randomized, controlled, double-blinded cross-over trial was conducted in healthy volunteers to test the hypothesis that apple and blackcurrant polyphenol-rich drinks would reduce postprandial blood glucose concentrations. Secondary outcomes included insulin and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) secretion. Twenty men (mean age 26 y, SD 8) and 5 postmenopausal women (mean age 57 y, SD 3) consumed a placebo drink (CON) and 2 polyphenol-rich drinks containing fruit extracts: either 1200 mg apple polyphenols (AE), or 600 mg apple polyphenols+600 mg blackcurrant anthocyanins (AE+BE), in random order with a starch and sucrose meal. Incremental areas under the curve (iAUC) for plasma glucose concentrations were lower following AE+BE over 0-30 and 0-120 min compared with CON; mean differences (95% CI) -32 mmol/L·min (-41, -22, P<.0005) and -52 mmol/L min (-94, -9, P<.05), respectively. AE significantly reduced iAUC 0-30 min (mean difference -26 mmol/L min, -35, -18, P<.0005) compared with CON, but the difference over 120 min was not significant. Postprandial insulin, C-peptide and GIP concentrations were significantly reduced relative to CON. A dose response inhibition of glucose transport was demonstrated in Caco-2 cells, including total and GLUT-mediated transport, and SGLT1-mediated glucose transport was strongly inhibited at all doses in Xenopus oocytes, following 10 min incubation with 0.125-4 mg apple polyphenols/ml. In conclusion, ingestion of apple and blackcurrant polyphenols decreased postprandial glycemia, which may be partly related to inhibition of intestinal glucose transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica L Castro-Acosta
- Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Stephanie G Stone
- Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Jonathan E Mok
- Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Rhia K Mhajan
- Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Chi-Ieng Fu
- Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Georgia N Lenihan-Geels
- Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Christopher P Corpe
- Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Wendy L Hall
- Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
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Al Zarzour RH, Ahmad M, Asmawi MZ, Kaur G, Saeed MAA, Al-Mansoub MA, Saghir SAM, Usman NS, Al-Dulaimi DW, Yam MF. Phyllanthus Niruri Standardized Extract Alleviates the Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Decreases Atherosclerotic Risk in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Nutrients 2017; 9:E766. [PMID: 28718838 PMCID: PMC5537880 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the major global health issues, strongly correlated with insulin resistance, obesity and oxidative stress. The current study aimed to evaluate anti-NAFLD effects of three different extracts of Phyllanthus niruri (P. niruri). NAFLD was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats using a special high-fat diet (HFD). A 50% methanolic extract (50% ME) exhibited the highest inhibitory effect against NAFLD progression. It significantly reduced hepatomegaly (16%) and visceral fat weight (22%), decreased NAFLD score, prevented fibrosis, and reduced serum total cholesterol (TC) (48%), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (65%), free fatty acids (FFAs) (25%), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (45%), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (38%), insulin concentration (67%), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (73%), serum atherogenic ratios TC/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (29%), LDL/HDL (66%) and (TC-HDL)/HDL (64%), hepatic content of cholesterol (43%), triglyceride (29%) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (40%) compared to a non-treated HFD group. In vitro, 50% ME of P. niruri inhibited α-glucosidase, pancreatic lipase enzymes and cholesterol micellization. It also had higher total phenolic and total flavonoid contents compared to other extracts. Ellagic acid and phyllanthin were identified as major compounds. These results suggest that P. niruri could be further developed as a novel natural hepatoprotective agent against NAFLD and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghdaa Hamdan Al Zarzour
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Mariam Ahmad
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Zaini Asmawi
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Gurjeet Kaur
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Mohammed Ali Ahmed Saeed
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Majed Ahmed Al-Mansoub
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Sultan Ayesh Mohammed Saghir
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Nasiba Salisu Usman
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Dhamraa W Al-Dulaimi
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Mun Fei Yam
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
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Katiyo W, Yang R, Zhao W. Effects of combined pulsed electric fields and mild temperature pasteurization on microbial inactivation and physicochemical properties of cloudy red apple juice (Malus pumilaNiedzwetzkyana (Dieck)). J Food Saf 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Katiyo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi China
| | - Ruijin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi China
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Kazeem MI, Ashafa AOT. Kinetics of inhibition of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes and mitigation of oxidative stress by Eucomis humilis Baker bulb. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjbas.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Fractionation, enzyme inhibitory and cellular antioxidant activity of bioactives from purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). Food Chem 2016; 221:447-456. [PMID: 27979226 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.10.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is mainly cultivated in Asia. The deep purple color of purple sweet potato (PSP) is due to the high content of acylated anthocyanins. In the present study, PSP-derived polyphenols were identified using HPLC-PDA and HPLC-ESI-MSn analyses. After concentration of the polyphenols from PSP, preparative separation into two fractions, designated anthocyanins (AF) and copigments (CF), was carried out using adsorptive membrane chromatography. In enzyme inhibitory assays, all PSP samples inhibited the enzymes α-amylase, α-glucosidase and xanthine oxidase. Additionally, the cell signaling cellular antioxidant properties of the PSP extracts were investigated in cultured cells. PSP induced the transcription factor Nrf2, which regulates the expression of genes encoding heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (Gclc) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1). Furthermore, PSP enhanced cellular glutathione concentrations and decreased lipid peroxidation in cultured hepatocytes. Overall, these results suggest that PSP extracts exhibit enzyme inhibitory and cellular antioxidant properties, especially PSP CF.
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