1
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Turkistani A, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Albuhadily AK, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Elfiky MM, Saad HM, Batiha GES. Therapeutic Potential Effect of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta (GSK-3β) Inhibitors in Parkinson Disease: Exploring an Overlooked Avenue. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:7092-7108. [PMID: 38367137 PMCID: PMC11338983 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04003-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of the brain due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β) is implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. Therefore, the purpose of the present review was to revise the mechanistic role of GSK-3β in PD neuropathology, and how GSK-3β inhibitors affect PD neuropathology. GSK-3 is a conserved threonine/serine kinase protein that is intricate in the regulation of cellular anabolic and catabolic pathways by modulating glycogen synthase. Over-expression of GSK-3β is also interconnected with the development of different neurodegenerative diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of GSK-3β in PD neuropathology is not fully clarified. Over-expression of GSK-3β induces the development of PD by triggering mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the dopaminergic neurons of the SN. NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome are activated in response to dysregulated GSK-3β in PD leading to progressive neuronal injury. Higher expression of GSK-3β in the early stages of PD neuropathology might contribute to the reduction of neuroprotective brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Thus, GSK-3β inhibitors may be effective in PD by reducing inflammatory and oxidative stress disorders which are associated with degeneration of dopaminergic in the SN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej Turkistani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, Taif University, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali K Albuhadily
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India
- Department of Research & Development, Funogen, Athens, Greece
- Department of Research & Development, AFNP Med, 1030, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, University of Witten-Herdecke, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Mohamed M Elfiky
- Anatomy Department, General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Al Minufya, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah M Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, 51744, Egypt
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
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2
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Angeli A. Bacterial γ-carbonic anhydrases. Enzymes 2024; 55:93-120. [PMID: 39223000 DOI: 10.1016/bs.enz.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a ubiquitous family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and protons, playing pivotal roles in a variety of biological processes including respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, and CO2 fixation. Recent studies have expanded the understanding of CAs, particularly the γ-class from diverse biological sources such as pathogenic bacteria, extremophiles, and halophiles, revealing their unique structural adaptations and functional mechanisms that enable operation under extreme environmental conditions. This chapter discusses the comprehensive catalytic mechanism and structural insights from X-ray crystallography studies, highlighting the molecular adaptations that confer stability and activity to these enzymes in harsh environments. It also explores the modulation mechanism of these enzymes, detailing how different modulators interact with the active site of γ-CAs. Comparative analyzes with other CA classes elucidate the evolutionary trajectories and functional diversifications of these enzymes. The synthesis of this knowledge not only sheds light on the fundamental aspects of CA biology but also opens new avenues for therapeutic and industrial applications, particularly in designing targeted inhibitors for pathogenic bacteria and developing biocatalysts for industrial processes under extreme conditions. The continuous advancement in structural biology promises further insights into this enzyme family, potentially leading to novel applications in medical and environmental biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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3
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Sanjurjo-Sánchez J, Alves C, Freire-Lista DM. Biomineral deposits and coatings on stone monuments as biodeterioration fingerprints. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168846. [PMID: 38036142 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Biominerals deposition processes, also called biomineralisation, are intimately related to biodeterioration on stone surfaces. They include complex processes not always completely well understood. The study of biominerals implies the identification of organisms, their molecular mechanisms, and organism/rock/atmosphere interactions. Sampling restrictions of monument stones difficult the biominerals study and the in situ demonstrating of biodeterioration processes. Multidisciplinary works are required to understand the whole process. Thus, studies in heritage buildings have taken advantage of previous knowledge acquired thanks to laboratory experiments, investigations carried out on rock outcrops and within caves from some years ago. With the extrapolation of such knowledge to heritage buildings and the advances in laboratory techniques, there has been a huge increase of knowledge regarding biomineralisation and biodeterioration processes in stone monuments during the last 20 years. These advances have opened new debates about the implications on conservation interventions, and the organism's role in stone conservation and decay. This is a review of the existing studies of biominerals formation, biodeterioration on laboratory experiments, rocks, caves, and their application to building stones of monuments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Alves
- LandS/Lab2PT-Landscapes, Heritage and Territory Laboratory (FCT-UIDB/04509/2020) and Earth Sciences Department/School of Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - David M Freire-Lista
- Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, Escola de Ciências da Vida e do Ambiente, Quinta dos Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; Centro de Geociências, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal
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4
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Sequeira L, Distinto S, Meleddu R, Gaspari M, Angeli A, Cottiglia F, Secci D, Onali A, Sanna E, Borges F, Uriarte E, Alcaro S, Supuran CT, Maccioni E. 2H-chromene and 7H-furo-chromene derivatives selectively inhibit tumour associated human carbonic anhydrase IX and XII isoforms. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2270183. [PMID: 37870190 PMCID: PMC11003494 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2270183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour associated carbonic anhydrases (CAs) IX and XII have been recognised as potential targets for the treatment of hypoxic tumours. Therefore, considering the high pharmacological potential of the chromene scaffold as selective ligand of the IX and XII isoforms, two libraries of compounds, namely 2H-chromene and 7H-furo-chromene derivatives, with diverse substitution patterns were designed and synthesised. The structure of the newly synthesised compounds was characterised and their inhibitory potency and selectivity towards human CA off target isoforms I, II and cancer-associated CA isoforms IX and XII were evaluated. Most of the compounds inhibit CA isoforms IX and XII with no activity against the I and II isozymes. Thus, while the potency was influenced by the substitution pattern along the chromene scaffold, the selectivity was conserved along the series, confirming the high potential of both 2H-chromene and 7H-furo-chromene scaffolds for the design of isozyme selective inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Sequeira
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Simona Distinto
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Rita Meleddu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Marco Gaspari
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Research Centre for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Filippo Cottiglia
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Daniela Secci
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Alessia Onali
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Erica Sanna
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eugenio Uriarte
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elias Maccioni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
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D'Agostino I, Zara S, Carradori S, De Luca V, Capasso C, Kocken CHM, Zeeman AM, Angeli A, Carta F, Supuran CT. Antimalarial Agents Targeting Plasmodium falciparum Carbonic Anhydrase: Towards Artesunate Hybrid Compounds with Dual Mechanism of Action. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300267. [PMID: 37697903 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Malaria continues to be a major public health challenge worldwide and, as part of the global effort toward malaria eradication, plasmodium carbonic anhydrases (CAs) have recently been proposed as potential targets for malaria treatment. In this study, a series of eight hybrid compounds combining the Artesunate core with a sulfonamide moiety were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibition potency against the widely expressed human (h) CAs I, II and the isoform from P. falciparum (PfCA). All derivatives demonstrated high inhibition potency against PfCA, achieving a KI value in the sub-nanomolar range (0.35 nM). Two Compounds showed a selectivity index of 4.1 and 3.1, respectively, against this protozoan isoform compared to hCA II. Three Derivatives showed no cytotoxic effects on human gingival fibroblasts at 50 μM with a high killing rate against both P. falciparum and P. knowlesi strains with IC50 in the sub-nanomolar range, providing a wide therapeutic window. Our findings suggest that these compounds may serve as promising leads for developing new antimalarial drugs and warrant further investigation, including activity against antimalarial-resistant strains, mode of action studies, and in vivo efficacy assessment in preclinical mouse models of malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria D'Agostino
- Department of Pharmacy "G. d'Annunzio", University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Susi Zara
- Department of Pharmacy "G. d'Annunzio", University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy "G. d'Annunzio", University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Viviana De Luca
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse CNR, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Clemens H M Kocken
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Center, 2288, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Marie Zeeman
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Center, 2288, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino FL, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino FL, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino FL, Italy
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6
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Supuran CT. A simple yet multifaceted 90 years old, evergreen enzyme: Carbonic anhydrase, its inhibition and activation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 93:129411. [PMID: 37507055 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) research over the last three decades are presented, with an emphasis on the deciphering of the activation mechanism, the development of isoform-selective inhibitors/ activators by the tail approach and their applications in the management of obesity, hypoxic tumors, neurological conditions, and as antiinfectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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7
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Zhang MN, Zhao XO, Cui Q, Zhu DM, Wisal MA, Yu HD, Kong LC, Ma HX. Famotidine Enhances Rifampicin Activity against Acinetobacter baumannii by Affecting OmpA. J Bacteriol 2023; 205:e0018723. [PMID: 37439688 PMCID: PMC10448789 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00187-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of novel antibiotic adjuvants is imminent because of the frequent emergence of resistance in Gram-negative bacteria, which severely restricts the efficiency and longevity of commonly used clinical antibiotics. It is reported that famotidine, a clinical inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, enhances the antibacterial activity of rifamycin antibiotics, especially rifampicin, against Gram-negative bacteria and reverses drug resistance. Studies have shown that famotidine disrupts the cell membrane of Acinetobacter baumannii and inhibits the expression of the outer membrane protein ompA gene, while causing a dissipation of the plasma membrane potential, compensatively upregulating the pH gradient and ultimately increasing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species by leading to increased bacterial mortality. In addition, famotidine also inhibited the efflux pump activity and the biofilm formation of A. baumannii. In the Galleria mellonella and mouse infection models, the combination of famotidine and rifampicin increased the survival rate of infected animals and decreased the bacterial load in mouse organs. In conclusion, famotidine has the potential to be a novel rifampicin adjuvant, providing a new option for the treatment of clinical Gram-negative bacterial infections. IMPORTANCE In this study, famotidine was discovered for the first time to have potential as an antibiotic adjuvant, enhancing the antibacterial activity of rifamycin antibiotics against A. baumannii and overcoming the limitations of drug therapy. With the discovery of novel applications for the guanidine-containing medication famotidine, the viability of screening prospective antibiotic adjuvants from guanidine-based molecules was further explored. In addition, famotidine exerts activity by affecting the OmpA protein of the cell membrane, indicating that this protein might be used as a therapeutic drug target to treat A. baumannii infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-na Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao-ou Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Branch of Animal Husbandry, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun, China
| | - Qi Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Dao-mi Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Muhammad Asif Wisal
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Han-dong Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ling-cong Kong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong-xia Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Carradori S, Angeli A, Sfragano PS, Yzeiri X, Calamante M, Tanini D, Capperucci A, Kunstek H, Varbanov M, Capasso C, Supuran CT. Photoactivatable Heptamethine-Based Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Leading to New Anti-Antibacterial Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119610. [PMID: 37298561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
With the aim to propose innovative antimicrobial agents able to not only selectively inhibit bacterial carbonic anhydrases (CAs) but also to be photoactivated by specific wavelengths, new heptamethine-based compounds decorated with a sulfonamide moiety were synthesized by means of different spacers. The compounds displayed potent CA inhibition and a slight preference for bacterial isoforms. Furthermore, minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations and the cytotoxicity of the compounds were assessed, thus highlighting a promising effect under irradiation against S. epidermidis. The hemolysis activity test showed that these derivatives were not cytotoxic to human red blood cells, further corroborating their favorable selectivity index. This approach led to the discovery of a valuable scaffold for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Patrick S Sfragano
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Xheila Yzeiri
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- CNR-Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Massimo Calamante
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- CNR-Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Damiano Tanini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Antonella Capperucci
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Hannah Kunstek
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
- L2CM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Mihayl Varbanov
- L2CM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centres Hospitaliers Régionaux Universitaires (CHRU) de Nancy Brabois, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
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Angeli A, Paoletti N, Supuran CT. Five-Membered Heterocyclic Sulfonamides as Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073220. [PMID: 37049983 PMCID: PMC10096498 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of heterocyclic derivatives has progressed considerably over the past decades, and many new carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) fall into this field. In particular, five-membered heterocyclic sulfonamides have been generally shown to be more effective inhibitors compared to six-membered rings ones. Despite the importance of oxygen and nitrogen five-membered heterocyclic aromatic rings in medicinal chemistry, the installation of sulfonamide moiety on such heterocycles has not received much attention. On the other hand, 1,3,4-thiadiazole/thiadiazoline ring-bearing sulfonamides are the scaffolds which have been widely used in a variety of pharmaceutically important CAIs such as acetazolamide, metazolamide and their many derivatives obtained by using the tail approach. Here, we reviewed the field focusing on the diverse biological activities of these CAIs, such as antiglaucoma, antiepileptic, antitumor and antiinfective properties. This review highlights developments involving five-membered heterocyclic sulfonamides over the last years, with a focus on their pharmacological/clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeli
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Niccolò Paoletti
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
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Yuan Y, Wang F, Li H, Su S, Gao H, Han X, Ren S. Potential application of the immobilization of carbonic anhydrase based on metal organic framework supports. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Beatriz Vermelho A, Rodrigues GC, Nocentini A, Mansoldo FRP, Supuran CT. Discovery of novel drugs for Chagas disease: is carbonic anhydrase a target for antiprotozoal drugs? Expert Opin Drug Discov 2022; 17:1147-1158. [PMID: 36039500 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2022.2117295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Carbonic anhydrase (CA) arose significant interest as a potential new target for Chagas disease since its discovery in Trypanosoma cruzi in 2013. Benznidazole and Nifurtimox have been used for Chagas disease treatment for 60 years despite all efforts done for obtaining more efficient treatments, acting in the acute and chronic phases of illness, with fewer side effects and resistance induction. AREAS COVERED We discuss the positive and negative aspects of T. cruzi CA (TcCA) studies as a target for developing new drugs. The current research discoveries and the classes of TcCA inhibitors are reviewed. The sulfonamides and their derivatives are the main inhibitor classes, but hydroxamates and the thiols, were investigated too. These compounds inhibited the growth of the evolutive forms of the parasite. A comparative analysis was done with CAs from other Trypanosomatids and protozoans. EXPERT OPINION The search for new targets and drugs is a significant challenge worldwide, and TcCA is a potential candidate for developing new drugs. Several studied inhibitors were active against Trypanosoma cruzi, but their penetration and toxicity problems emerged. New approaches are in progress to obtain inhibitors with desired properties, allowing further steps such as tests using an adequate animal model and subsequent developments for the preclinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alane Beatriz Vermelho
- BIOINOVAR - Biotechnology Laboratories: Biocatalysis, Bioproducts, and Bioenergy, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Goes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Giseli Capaci Rodrigues
- UNIGRANRIO - Universidade do Grande Rio Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino das Ciências, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child's Health, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Felipe R P Mansoldo
- BIOINOVAR - Biotechnology Laboratories: Biocatalysis, Bioproducts, and Bioenergy, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Goes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child's Health, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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12
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Di Fiore A, De Luca V, Langella E, Nocentini A, Buonanno M, Maria Monti S, Supuran CT, Capasso C, De Simone G. Biochemical, structural, and computational studies of a γ-carbonic anhydrase from the pathogenic bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:4185-4194. [PMID: 36016712 PMCID: PMC9389205 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Melioidosis is a severe disease caused
Burkholderia pseudomallei. γ-carbonic anhydrases (γ-CAs) have been recently
introduced as novel antibacterial drug targets. A new γ-CA from B.
pseudomallei has been investigated by a
multidisciplinary approach. Obtained results provide an important starting point
for developing new anti-melioidosis drugs.
Melioidosis is a severe disease caused by the highly
pathogenic gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia
pseudomallei. Several studies have highlighted the broad
resistance of this pathogen to many antibiotics and pointed out the pivotal
importance of improving the pharmacological arsenal against it. Since γ-carbonic
anhydrases (γ-CAs) have been recently introduced as potential and novel
antibacterial drug targets, in this paper, we report a detailed characterization
of BpsγCA, a γ-CA from B.
pseudomallei by a multidisciplinary approach. In
particular, the enzyme was recombinantly produced and biochemically
characterized. Its catalytic activity at different pH values was measured, the
crystal structure was determined and theoretical pKa calculations were carried
out. Results provided a snapshot of the enzyme active site and dissected the
role of residues involved in the catalytic mechanism and ligand recognition.
These findings are an important starting point for developing new
anti-melioidosis drugs targeting BpsγCA.
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13
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Aspatwar A, Barker H, Aisala H, Zueva K, Kuuslahti M, Tolvanen M, Primmer CR, Lumme J, Bonardi A, Tripathi A, Parkkila S, Supuran CT. Cloning, purification, kinetic and anion inhibition studies of a recombinant β-carbonic anhydrase from the Atlantic salmon parasite platyhelminth Gyrodactylus salaris. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1577-1586. [PMID: 35637617 PMCID: PMC9176631 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2080818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A β-class carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) was cloned from the genome of the Monogenean platyhelminth Gyrodactylus salaris, a parasite of Atlantic salmon. The new enzyme, GsaCAβ has a significant catalytic activity for the physiological reaction, CO2 + H2O ⇋ HCO3− + H+ with a kcat of 1.1 × 105 s−1 and a kcat/Km of 7.58 × 106 M−1 × s−1. This activity was inhibited by acetazolamide (KI of 0.46 µM), a sulphonamide in clinical use, as well as by selected inorganic anions and small molecules. Most tested anions inhibited GsaCAβ at millimolar concentrations, but sulfamide (KI of 81 µM), N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate (KI of 67 µM) and sulphamic acid (KI of 6.2 µM) showed a rather efficient inhibitory action. There are currently very few non-toxic agents effective in combating this parasite. GsaCAβ is subsequently proposed as a new drug target for which effective inhibitors can be designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Aspatwar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Harlan Barker
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heidi Aisala
- Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ksenia Zueva
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marianne Kuuslahti
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Martti Tolvanen
- Department of Computing, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Craig R Primmer
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Lumme
- Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Alessandro Bonardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Amit Tripathi
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Ltd, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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14
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Gaylarde C, Little B. Biodeterioration of stone and metal - Fundamental microbial cycling processes with spatial and temporal scale differences. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 823:153193. [PMID: 35122860 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fundamental processes for the biodeterioration of stone and metal involve many of the same microbially mediated reactions - oxidation, reduction, acid dissolution and elemental cycling - resulting from the activities of many of the same groups of environmental microorganisms. Differences depend on the nature of the substratum - stone vs. metal - and the composition of the surroundings, whether terrestrial (stone) or aquatic (stone and metal). Reactions within surface-related biofilms dominate the biodeterioration of metals and contribute greatly to the biodeterioration of stone. In the latter, phototrophic organisms, and especially cyanobacteria, are important first participants, while metal biodeterioration is almost entirely associated with bacteria, archaea and fungi. Biofilms on metal surfaces can produce chemical and electrochemical responses. While electrochemical responses are absent in stone, extracellular electron transfer can be a biodeterioration mechanism in some iron-rich rocks. Microorganisms in biofilms can penetrate and create fissures or cracks in stone and metals. However, the most obvious differences in the reactions of built stone and metal structures are related to the definition of failure, length of time required for a defined failure of the substratum, the area over which the failure occurs and the consequences of failure. Time and space are, similarly, quite distinct for biological breakdown and mineral cycling of metal and stone, with stone/rock cycling potentially occurring over thousands of years and kilometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Gaylarde
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, Oklahoma University, 770 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Brenda Little
- BJ Little Corrosion Consulting, LLC, 6528 Alakoko Drive, Diamondhead, MS 39525, USA.
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15
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Ferraroni M, Angeli A, Carradori S, Supuran CT. Inhibition of Schistosoma mansoni carbonic anhydrase by the antiparasitic drug clorsulon: X-ray crystallographic and in vitro studies. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2022; 78:321-327. [PMID: 35234146 PMCID: PMC8900822 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798322000079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitory activity of clorsulon and X-ray studies of its complexes with human carbonic anhydrase I and Schistosoma mansoni carbonic anhydrase revealed different modes of binding of this antiparasitic drug, explaining its inhibitory potency against the two enzymes. Clorsulon is an anthelmintic drug that is clinically used against Fasciola hepatica. Due to the presence of two sulfonamide moieties in its core nucleus, which are well recognized as zinc-binding groups, it was proposed that it may be efficacious in the inhibition of parasite carbonic anhydrases (CAs). Proteomic analyses revealed the presence of CA in the tegument of Schistosoma mansoni, and recently the druggability of this target was explored by testing the inhibitory activities of several sulfonamide-based derivatives. According to the principles of drug repurposing, the aim was to demonstrate a putative new mechanism of action of clorsulon and thus widen its antiparasitic spectrum. For this purpose, the inhibitory activity and isoform selectivity of clorsulon was studied using human CA I and S. mansoni CA, revealing different modes of binding of clorsulon that explain its inhibitory potency against the two enzymes. The information obtained in this study could be crucial in the design of more active and selective derivatives.
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16
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Giovannuzzi S, De Luca V, Nocentini A, Capasso C, Supuran CT. Coumarins inhibit η-class carbonic anhydrase from Plasmodium falciparum. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:680-685. [PMID: 35139744 PMCID: PMC8843172 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2036986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Coumarins were discovered to act as inhibitors of α-carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) after undergoing hydrolysis mediated by the esterase activity of the enzyme to the corresponding 2-hydroxycinnamic acids. Other classes of CAs among the eight currently known do not possess esterase activity or this activity was poorly investigated. Hence, we decided to look at the potential of coumarins as inhibitors of the η-CA from the malaria-producing protozoan Plasmodium falciparum, PfaCA. A panel of simple coumarins incorporating hydroxyl, amino, ketone or carboxylic acid ester moieties in various positions of the ring system acted as low to medium micromolar PfaCA inhibitors, whereas their affinities for the cytosolic off-target human isoforms hCA I and II were in a much higher range. Thus, we confirm that η-CAs possess esterase activity and that coumarins effectively inhibit this enzyme. Elaboration of the simple coumarin scaffolds investigated here may probably lead to more effective PfaCA inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Giovannuzzi
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Sesto, Italy
| | - Viviana De Luca
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, CNR, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Sesto, Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, CNR, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Sesto, Italy
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17
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Giovannuzzi S, Abutaleb NS, Hewitt CS, Carta F, Nocentini A, Seleem MN, Flaherty DP, Supuran CT. Dithiocarbamates effectively inhibit the α-carbonic anhydrase from Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 37:1-8. [PMID: 34894954 PMCID: PMC8667944 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1988945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, inorganic anions and sulphonamides, two of the main classes of zinc-binding carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs), were investigated for inhibition of the α-class carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) from Neisseria gonorrhoeae, NgCA. As an extension to our previous studies, we report that dithiocarbamates (DTCs) derived from primary or secondary amines constitute a class of efficient inhibitors of NgCA. KIs ranging between 83.7 and 827 nM were measured for a series of 31 DTCs that incorporated various aliphatic, aromatic, and heterocyclic scaffolds. A subset of DTCs were selected for antimicrobial testing against N. gonorrhoeae, and three molecules displayed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values less than or equal to 8 µg/mL. As NgCA was recently validated as an antibacterial drug target, the DTCs may lead to development of novel antigonococcal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Giovannuzzi
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Nader S Abutaleb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Chad S Hewitt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.,Center for Emerging Zoonotic and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Daniel P Flaherty
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.,Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, IN, USA.,Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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18
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De Luca V, Petreni A, Carginale V, Scaloni A, Supuran CT, Capasso C. Effect of amino acids and amines on the activity of the recombinant ι-carbonic anhydrase from the Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia territorii. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1000-1006. [PMID: 33980103 PMCID: PMC8128165 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1919891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We here report a study on the activation of the ι-class bacterial CA from Burkholderia territorii (BteCAι). This protein was recently characterised as a zinc-dependent enzyme that shows a significant catalytic activity (kcat 3.0 × 105 s-1) for the physiological reaction of CO2 hydration to bicarbonate and protons. Some amino acids and amines, among which some proteinogenic derivatives as well as histamine, dopamine and serotonin, showed efficient activating properties towards BteCAι, with activation constants in the range 3.9-13.3 µM. L-Phe, L-Asn, L-Glu, and some pyridyl-alkylamines, showed a weaker activating effect towards BteCAι, with KA values ranging between 18.4 µM and 45.6 µM. Nowadays, no information is available on active site architecture, metal ion coordination and catalytic mechanism of members of the ι-group of CAs, and this study represents another contribution towards a better understanding of this still uncharacterised class of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana De Luca
- Department of Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Florence, Italy
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Petreni
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, CNR, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Carginale
- Department of Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, CNR, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Napoli, Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Department of Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Florence, Italy
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19
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Nocentini A, Supuran CT, Capasso C. An overview on the recently discovered iota-carbonic anhydrases. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1988-1995. [PMID: 34482770 PMCID: PMC8425729 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1972995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) have been studied for decades and have been classified as a superfamily of enzymes which includes, up to date, eight gene families or classes indicated with the Greek letters α, β, γ, δ, ζ, η, θ, ι. This versatile enzyme superfamily is involved in multiple physiological processes, catalysing a fundamental reaction for all living organisms, the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and a proton. Recently, the ι-CA (LCIP63) from the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana and a bacterial ι-CA (BteCAι) identified in the genome of Burkholderia territorii were characterised. The recombinant BteCAι was observed to act as an excellent catalyst for the physiologic reaction. Very recently, the discovery of a novel ι-CAs (COG4337) in the eukaryotic microalga Bigelowiella natans and the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC7120 has brought to light an unexpected feature for this ancient superfamily: this ι-CAs was catalytically active without a metal ion cofactor, unlike the previous reported ι-CAs as well as all known CAs investigated so far. This review reports recent investigations on ι-CAs obtained in these last three years, highlighting their peculiar features, and hypothesising that possibly this new CA family shows catalytic activity without the need of metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Nocentini
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, Napoli, Italy
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20
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Angeli A, Urbański LJ, Hytönen VP, Parkkila S, Supuran CT. Activation of the β-carbonic anhydrase from the protozoan pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis with amines and amino acids. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:758-763. [PMID: 33715570 PMCID: PMC7952076 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1897802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the first activation study of the β-class carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) encoded in the genome of the protozoan pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis, TvaCA1. Among 24 amino acid and amine activators investigated, derivatives incorporating a second carboxylic moiety, such as L-Asp, L- and D-Glu, were devoid of activating effects up to concentrations of 50 µM within the assay system, whereas the corresponding compounds with a CONH2 moiety, i.e. L-Gln and L-Asn showed modest activating effects, with activation constants in the range of 26.9 − 32.5 µM. Moderate activation was observed with L- and D-DOPA, histamine, dopamine, serotonin, (2-Aminoethyl)pyridine/piperazine and morpholine (KA‘s ranging between 8.3 and 14.5 µM), while the best activators were L-and D-Trp, L-and D-Tyr and 4-amino-Phe, which showed KA‘s ranging between 3.0 and 5.1 µM. Understanding in detail the activation mechanism of β-CAs may be relevant for the design of enzyme activity modulators with potential clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Linda J Urbański
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Vesa P Hytönen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Ltd, Tampere, Finland
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Ltd, Tampere, Finland
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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21
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Dar'in D, Kantin G, Kalinin S, Sharonova T, Bunev A, Ostapenko GI, Nocentini A, Sharoyko V, Supuran CT, Krasavin M. Investigation of 3-sulfamoyl coumarins against cancer-related IX and XII isoforms of human carbonic anhydrase as well as cancer cells leads to the discovery of 2-oxo-2H-benzo[h]chromene-3-sulfonamide - A new caspase-activating proapoptotic agent. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 222:113589. [PMID: 34147910 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report the synthesis of a set of seventeen 3-sulfonamide substituted coumarin derivatives. Prepared compounds were tested in vitro for inhibition of four physiologically relevant isoforms of the metalloenzyme human carbonic anhydrase (hCA, EC 4.2.1.1). Several coumarin sulfonamides displayed low nanomolar KI values against therapeutically relevant hCA II, IX, and XII, whereas they did not potently inhibit hCA I. Some of these compounds exerted a concentration-dependent antiproliferative action toward RT4 human bladder cancer and especially A431 human epidermoid carcinoma cell lines. In the meantime, the viability of non-tumorigenic hTERT immortalized human foreskin fibroblast cell line Bj-5ta was not significantly affected by the obtained derivatives. Interestingly, compound 10q (2-oxo-2H-benzo [h]chromene-3-sulfonamide) showed a profound and selective dose-dependent inhibition of A431 cell growth with low nanomolar IC50 values. We demonstrated that 10q possessed a concentration-dependent apoptosis induction activity associated with caspase 3/7 activation in cancer cells. As carbonic anhydrase isoforms in question were not potently inhibited by this compound, its antiproliferative effects likely involve other mechanisms, such as DNA intercalation. Compound 10q clearly represents a viable lead for further development of new-generation anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Dar'in
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Grigory Kantin
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Stanislav Kalinin
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Sharonova
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Bunev
- Medicinal Chemistry Center, Togliatti State University, Togliatti, 445020, Russian Federation
| | - Gennady I Ostapenko
- Medicinal Chemistry Center, Togliatti State University, Togliatti, 445020, Russian Federation
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Neurofarba Department, Universita Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, 50019, Italy
| | - Vladimir Sharoyko
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Universita Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, 50019, Italy.
| | - Mikhail Krasavin
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.
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22
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Urbanski LJ, Vullo D, Parkkila S, Supuran CT. An anion and small molecule inhibition study of the β-carbonic anhydrase from Staphylococcus aureus. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1088-1092. [PMID: 34056990 PMCID: PMC8168783 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1931863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria resistant to most antibiotics, including the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) represent a serious medical problem. The search for new antiinfectives, possessing a diverse mechanism of action compared to the clinically used antibiotics, has become an attractive research field. S. aureus DNA encodes a β-class carbonic anhydrase, SauBCA. It is a druggable target that can be inhibited by certain aromatic and heterocyclic sulphonamides. Here we investigated inorganic anions and some other small molecules for their inhibition of SauBCA. The halides, nitrite, nitrate, bicarbonate, carbonate, bisulphite, sulphate, stannate, and N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate were submillimolar SauBCA inhibitors with KIs in the range of 0.26 − 0.91 mM. The most effective inhibitors were sulfamide, sulfamate, phenylboronic acid, and phenylarsonic acid with KIs of 7 − 43 µM. Several interesting inhibitors detected here may be considered lead compounds for the development of even more effective derivatives, which should be investigated for their bacteriostatic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda J Urbanski
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Ltd, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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23
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Nocentini A, Hewitt CS, Mastrolorenzo MD, Flaherty DP, Supuran CT. Anion inhibition studies of the α-carbonic anhydrases from Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1061-1066. [PMID: 34030562 PMCID: PMC8158254 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1929202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterial pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoeae encodes for an α-class carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1), NgCA, which was investigated for its inhibition with a series of inorganic and organic anions. Perchlorate and hexafluorophosphate did not significantly inhibit NgCA CO2 hydrase activity, whereas the halides, azide, bicarbonate, carbonate, stannate, perosmate, diphosphate, divanadate, perruthenate, and trifluoromethanesulfonate showed inhibition constants in the range of 1.3–9.6 mM. Anions/small molecules such as cyanate, thiocyanate, nitrite, nitrate, bisulphite, sulphate, hydrogensulfide, phenylboronic acid, phenylarsonic acid, selenate, tellurate, tetraborate, perrhenate, peroxydisulfate, selenocyanate, iminodisulfonate, and fluorosulfonate showed KIs in the range of 0.15–1.0 mM. The most effective inhibitors detected in this study were sulfamide, sulfamate, trithiocarbonate and N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate, which had KIs in the range of 5.1–88 µM. These last compounds incorporating the CS2- zinc-binding group may be used as leads for developing even more effective NgCA inhibitors in addition to the aromatic/heterocyclic sulphonamides, as this enzyme was recently validated as an antibacterial drug target for obtaining novel antigonococcal agents
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Nocentini
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Chad S Hewitt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Margaret D Mastrolorenzo
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,University of California, San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Daniel P Flaherty
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.,Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, IN, USA.,Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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24
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Emerging role of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:1233-1249. [PMID: 34013961 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) was clinically exploited for decades, as most modern diuretics were obtained considering as lead molecule acetazolamide, the prototypical CA inhibitor (CAI). The discovery and characterization of multiple human CA (hCA) isoforms, 15 of which being known today, led to new applications of their inhibitors. They include widely clinically used antiglaucoma, antiepileptic and antiobesity agents, antitumor drugs in clinical development, as well as drugs for the management of acute mountain sickness and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Emerging roles of several CA isoforms in areas not generally connected to these enzymes were recently documented, such as in neuropathic pain, cerebral ischemia, rheumatoid arthritis, oxidative stress and Alzheimer's disease. Proof-of-concept studies thus emerged by using isoform-selective inhibitors, which may lead to new clinical applications in such areas. Relevant preclinical models are available for these pathologies due to the availability of isoform-selective CAIs for all human isoforms, belonging to novel classes of compounds, such as coumarins, sulfocoumarins, dithiocarbamates, benzoxaboroles, apart the classical sulfonamide inhibitors. The inhibition of CAs from pathogenic bacteria, fungi, protozoans or nematodes started recently to be considered for obtaining anti-infectives with a new mechanism of action.
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25
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Supuran CT, Capasso C. A Highlight on the Inhibition of Fungal Carbonic Anhydrases as Drug Targets for the Antifungal Armamentarium. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4324. [PMID: 33919261 PMCID: PMC8122340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2), a vital molecule of the carbon cycle, is a critical component in living organisms' metabolism, performing functions that lead to the building of compounds fundamental for the life cycle. In all living organisms, the CO2/bicarbonate (HCO3-) balancing is governed by a superfamily of enzymes, known as carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1). CAs catalyze the pivotal physiological reaction, consisting of the reversible hydration of the CO2 to HCO3- and protons. Opportunistic and pathogenic fungi can sense the environmental CO2 levels, which influence their virulence or environmental subsistence traits. The fungal CO2-sensing is directly stimulated by HCO3- produced in a CA-dependent manner, which directly activates adenylyl cyclase (AC) involved in the fungal spore formation. The interference with CA activity may impair fungal growth and virulence, making this approach interesting for designing antifungal drugs with a novel mechanism of action: the inhibition of CAs linked to the CO2/HCO3-/pH chemosensing and signaling. This review reports that sulfonamides and their bioisosteres as well as inorganic anions can inhibit in vitro the β- and α-CAs from the fungi, suggesting how CAs may be considered as a novel "pathogen protein" target of many opportunistic, pathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T. Supuran
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neurofarba, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Sharonova T, Paramonova P, Kalinin S, Bunev A, Gasanov RЕ, Nocentini A, Sharoyko V, Tennikova TB, Dar'in D, Supuran CT, Krasavin M. Insertion of metal carbenes into the anilinic N-H bond of unprotected aminobenzenesulfonamides delivers low nanomolar inhibitors of human carbonic anhydrase IX and XII isoforms. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 218:113352. [PMID: 33774343 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report the synthesis of a set of thirty-four primary sulfonamides generated via formal N-H-insertion of metal carbenes into anilinic amino group of sulfanilamide and its meta-substituted analog. Obtained compounds were tested in vitro as inhibitors of four physiologically significant isoforms of the metalloenzyme human carbonic anhydrase (hCA, EC 4.2.1.1). Many of the synthesized sulfonamides displayed low nanomolar Ki values against therapeutically relevant hCA II, IX, and XII, whereas they did not potently inhibit hCA I. Provided the promising activity profiles of the substances towards tumor-associated hCA IX and XII isozymes, single-concentration MTT test was performed for the entire set. Disappointingly, most of the discovered hCA inhibitors did not significantly suppress the growth of cancer cells either in normoxia or CoCl2 induced hypoxic conditions. The only two compounds exerting profound antiproliferative effect turned out to be modest hCA inhibitors. Their out of the range activity in cells is likely attributive to the presence of Michael acceptor substructure which can potentially act either through the inhibition of Thioredoxin reductases (TrxRs, EC 1.8.1.9) or nonspecific covalent binding to cell proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Sharonova
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Polina Paramonova
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Stanislav Kalinin
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Bunev
- Medicinal Chemistry Center, Togliatti State University, Togliatti, 445020, Russian Federation
| | - Rovshan Е Gasanov
- Medicinal Chemistry Center, Togliatti State University, Togliatti, 445020, Russian Federation
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Neurofarba Department, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, 50019, Italy
| | - Vladimir Sharoyko
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana B Tennikova
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Dar'in
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, 50019, Italy.
| | - Mikhail Krasavin
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.
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De Luca V, Petreni A, Nocentini A, Scaloni A, Supuran CT, Capasso C. Effect of Sulfonamides and Their Structurally Related Derivatives on the Activity of ι-Carbonic Anhydrase from Burkholderia territorii. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020571. [PMID: 33430028 PMCID: PMC7827628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are essential metalloenzymes in nature, catalyzing the carbon dioxide reversible hydration into bicarbonate and proton. In humans, breathing and many other critical physiological processes depend on this enzymatic activity. The CA superfamily function and inhibition in pathogenic bacteria has recently been the object of significant advances, being demonstrated to affect microbial survival/virulence. Targeting bacterial CAs may thus be a valid alternative to expand the pharmacological arsenal against the emergence of widespread antibiotic resistance. Here, we report an extensive study on the inhibition profile of the recently discovered ι-CA class present in some bacteria, including Burkholderia territorii, namely BteCAι, using substituted benzene-sulfonamides and clinically licensed sulfonamide-, sulfamate- and sulfamide-type drugs. The BteCAι inhibition profile showed: (i) several benzene-sulfonamides with an inhibition constant lower than 100 nM; (ii) a different behavior with respect to other α, β and γ-CAs; (iii) clinically used drugs having a micromolar affinity. This prototype study contributes to the initial recognition of compounds which efficiently and selectively inhibit a bacterial member of the ι-CA class, for which such a selective inhibition with respect to other protein isoforms present in the host is highly desired and may contribute to the development of novel antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana De Luca
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, CNR, via Argine 1085, 80147 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Andrea Petreni
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neurofarba, University of Florence, via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy; (A.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neurofarba, University of Florence, via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy; (A.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, CNR, via Argine 1085, 80147 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neurofarba, University of Florence, via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy; (A.P.); (A.N.)
- Correspondence: (C.T.S.); (C.C.); Tel.: +39-055-4573729 (C.T.S.); +39-081-613-2559 (C.C.)
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
- Correspondence: (C.T.S.); (C.C.); Tel.: +39-055-4573729 (C.T.S.); +39-081-613-2559 (C.C.)
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Petreni A, De Luca V, Scaloni A, Nocentini A, Capasso C, Supuran CT. Anion inhibition studies of the Zn(II)-bound ι-carbonic anhydrase from the Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia territorii. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:372-376. [PMID: 33390061 PMCID: PMC7782983 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1867122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia territorii, a Gram-negative bacterium, encodes for the ι-class carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) BteCAι, which was recently characterised. It acts as a good catalyst for the hydration of CO2 to bicarbonate and protons, with a kcat value of 3.0 × 105 s-1 and kcat/KM value of 3.9 × 107 M-1 s-1. No inhibition data on this new class of enzymes are available to date. We report here an anion and small molecules inhibition study of BteCAι, which we prove to be a zinc(II)- and not manganese(II)-containing enzyme, as reported for diatom ι-CAs. The best inhibitors were sulphamic acid, stannate, phenylarsonic acid, phenylboronic acid and sulfamide (KI values of 6.2-94 µM), whereas diethyldithiocarbamate, tellurate, selenate, bicarbonate and cyanate were submillimolar inhibitors (KI values of 0.71-0.94 mM). The halides (except iodide), thiocyanate, nitrite, nitrate, carbonate, bisulphite, sulphate, hydrogensulfide, peroxydisulfate, selenocyanate, fluorosulfonate and trithiocarbonate showed KI values in the range of 3.1-9.3 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Petreni
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Firenze, Italy
| | - Viviana De Luca
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, CNR, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Napoli, Italy.,Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Firenze, Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, CNR, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Firenze, Italy
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Urbański LJ, Angeli A, Hytönen VP, Di Fiore A, De Simone G, Parkkila S, Supuran CT. Inhibition of the β-carbonic anhydrase from the protozoan pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis with sulphonamides. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 36:329-334. [PMID: 33356653 PMCID: PMC7782162 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1863958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulphonamides and their isosteres are classical inhibitors of the carbonic anhydrase (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) metalloenzymes. The protozoan pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis encodes two such enzymes belonging to the β-class, TvaCA1 and TvaCA2. Here we report the first sulphonamide inhibition study of TvaCA1, with a series of simple aromatic/heterocyclic primary sulphonamides as well as with clinically approved/investigational drugs for a range of pathologies (diuretics, antiglaucoma, antiepileptic, antiobesity, and antitumor drugs). TvaCA1 was effectively inhibited by acetazolamide and ethoxzolamide, with KIs of 391 and 283 nM, respectively, whereas many other simple or clinically used sulphonamides were micromolar inhibitors or did not efficiently inhibit the enzyme. Finding more effective TvaCA1 inhibitors may constitute an innovative approach for fighting trichomoniasis, a sexually transmitted infection, caused by T. vaginalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda J Urbański
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Vesa P Hytönen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Ltd, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anna Di Fiore
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging of the National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina De Simone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging of the National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Ltd, Tampere, Finland
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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30
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Urbański LJ, Angeli A, Hytönen VP, Di Fiore A, Parkkila S, De Simone G, Supuran CT. Inhibition of the newly discovered β‑carbonic anhydrase from the protozoan pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis with inorganic anions and small molecules. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 213:111274. [PMID: 33068968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The protozoan pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis encodes two carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) belonging to the β-class. One of these enzymes, T. vaginalis carbonic anhydrase 1 (TvaCA1), was recently cloned and characterized by our group, and its X-ray crystal structure reported. No inhibitors of this enzyme were reported up until now. Here we investigated the inhibition of TvaCA1 with inorganic anions and small molecules and observed that thiocyanate, cyanide, selenite, selenocyanate and divanadate are sub-millimolar inhibitors, whereas sulfamide, sulfate, phenylboronic acid and phenylarsonic acid are micromolar inhibitors. Finding effective TvaCA1 inhibitors may be useful for developing new antiprotozoan drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda J Urbański
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Vesa P Hytönen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Ltd., Arvo Ylpön katu 4, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Anna Di Fiore
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging of the National Research Council, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Ltd., Arvo Ylpön katu 4, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Giuseppina De Simone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging of the National Research Council, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy.
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31
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Clima L, Craciun BF, Angeli A, Petreni A, Bonardi A, Nocentini A, Carta F, Gratteri P, Pinteala M, Supuran CT. Synthesis, Computational Studies and Assessment of in Vitro Activity of Squalene Derivatives as Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:2052-2057. [PMID: 32744806 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We report novel molecules incorporating the nontoxic squalene scaffold and different carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs). Potent inhibitory action, in the low-nanomolar range, was detected against isoforms hCA II for sulfonamide derivatives, which proved to be selective against this isoform over the tumor-associate hCA IX and XII isoforms. On the other hand, coumarin derivatives showed weak potency but high selectivity against the tumor-associated isoform CA IX. These compounds are interesting candidates for preclinical evaluation in glaucoma or various tumors in which the two enzymes are involved. In addition, an in silico study of inhibitor-bound hCA II revealed extensive interactions with the hydrophobic pocket of the active site and provided molecular insights into the binding properties of these new inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia Clima
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department, "Petru Poni", Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487, Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Florin Craciun
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department, "Petru Poni", Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487, Iasi, Romania
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department, "Petru Poni", Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487, Iasi, Romania.,Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Andrea Petreni
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department, "Petru Poni", Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487, Iasi, Romania.,Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bonardi
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Paola Gratteri
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Mariana Pinteala
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department, "Petru Poni", Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487, Iasi, Romania
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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32
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Adedeji EO, Ogunlana OO, Fatumo S, Beder T, Ajamma Y, Koenig R, Adebiyi E. Anopheles metabolic proteins in malaria transmission, prevention and control: a review. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:465. [PMID: 32912275 PMCID: PMC7488410 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04342-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing resistance to currently available insecticides in the malaria vector, Anopheles mosquitoes, hampers their use as an effective vector control strategy for the prevention of malaria transmission. Therefore, there is need for new insecticides and/or alternative vector control strategies, the development of which relies on the identification of possible targets in Anopheles. Some known and promising targets for the prevention or control of malaria transmission exist among Anopheles metabolic proteins. This review aims to elucidate the current and potential contribution of Anopheles metabolic proteins to malaria transmission and control. Highlighted are the roles of metabolic proteins as insecticide targets, in blood digestion and immune response as well as their contribution to insecticide resistance and Plasmodium parasite development. Furthermore, strategies by which these metabolic proteins can be utilized for vector control are described. Inhibitors of Anopheles metabolic proteins that are designed based on target specificity can yield insecticides with no significant toxicity to non-target species. These metabolic modulators combined with each other or with synergists, sterilants, and transmission-blocking agents in a single product, can yield potent malaria intervention strategies. These combinations can provide multiple means of controlling the vector. Also, they can help to slow down the development of insecticide resistance. Moreover, some metabolic proteins can be modulated for mosquito population replacement or suppression strategies, which will significantly help to curb malaria transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunice Oluwatobiloba Adedeji
- Covenant University Bioinformatics Research (CUBRe), Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State Nigeria
| | - Olubanke Olujoke Ogunlana
- Covenant University Bioinformatics Research (CUBRe), Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State Nigeria
| | - Segun Fatumo
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, Bloomsbury, London, UK
| | - Thomas Beder
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center, Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Yvonne Ajamma
- Covenant University Bioinformatics Research (CUBRe), Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State Nigeria
| | - Rainer Koenig
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center, Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Ezekiel Adebiyi
- Covenant University Bioinformatics Research (CUBRe), Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State Nigeria
- Computer and Information Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State Nigeria
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), G200, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Güzel-Akdemir Ö, Carradori S, Grande R, Demir-Yazıcı K, Angeli A, Supuran CT, Akdemir A. Development of Thiazolidinones as Fungal Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082960. [PMID: 32331447 PMCID: PMC7215574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In our efforts to find new and selective thiazolidinone-based anti-Candida agents, we synthesized and tested 26 thiazolidinones against several Candida spp. and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The compounds showed selective antifungal activity with potency similar to fluconazole and clotrimazole, while lacking strong antibacterial activity. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies were performed on Candida CYP51a1 and carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes to further suggest putative targets that could mediate the antifungal effects of these compounds. Finally, the compounds were tested in enzyme inhibition assays to assess their putative mechanism of action and showed promising KI values in the 0.1–10 µM range against the Candida glabrata β-CA enzyme CgNce103.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özlen Güzel-Akdemir
- Istanbul University, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, 34116 Istanbul, Turkey; (Ö.G.-A.); (K.D.-Y.)
| | - Simone Carradori
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, “G. d′Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Rossella Grande
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, “G. d′Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Kübra Demir-Yazıcı
- Istanbul University, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, 34116 Istanbul, Turkey; (Ö.G.-A.); (K.D.-Y.)
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy; (A.A.); (C.T.S.)
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy; (A.A.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Atilla Akdemir
- Bezmialem Vakif University, Computer-aided drug discovery laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-212-523-2288 (ext. 3142)
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Sulfonamide Inhibition Studies of an α-Carbonic Anhydrase from Schistosoma mansoni, a Platyhelminth Parasite Responsible for Schistosomiasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051842. [PMID: 32155992 PMCID: PMC7084386 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a debilitating infection provoked by parasitic flatworms called schistosomes. The species Schistosoma mansoni is endemic in Africa, where it causes intestinal schistosomiasis. Recently, an α-carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) was cloned and characterized from this organism and designated as SmCA. The protein is expressed in the tegument (skin) of S. mansoni at the host–parasite interface. Recombinant SmCA possesses high catalytic activity in the CO2 hydration reaction, similar to that of human CA isoform II with a kcat of 1.2 × 106 s−1 and a kcat/KM of 1.3 × 108 M−1·s−1. It has been found that schistosomes whose SmCA gene is suppressed using RNA interference are unable to establish a robust infection in mice, suggesting that the chemicals that inhibit SmCA function should have the same debilitating effect on the parasites. In this study, a collection of aromatic/heterocyclic sulfonamides were investigated as possible SmCA inhibitors. Several sulfonamides inhibited SmCA with medium to weak potency (KI values of 737.2 nM−9.25 μM), whereas some heterocyclic compounds inhibited the enzyme with KI values in the range of 124−325 nM. The α-CA from S. mansoni, SmCA, is proposed as a new anti-schistosomiasis drug target.
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Sulfonamide Inhibition Profile of the β-Carbonic Anhydrase from Malassezia restricta, An Opportunistic Pathogen Triggering Scalp Conditions. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10010039. [PMID: 31963335 PMCID: PMC7023381 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The critical CO2 hydration reaction to bicarbonate and protons is catalyzed by carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1). Their physiological role is to assist the transport of the CO2 and HCO3− at the cellular level, which will not be ensured by the low velocity of the uncatalyzed reaction. CA inhibition may impair the growth of microorganisms. In the yeasts, Candida albicans and Malassezia globosa, the activity of the unique β-CA identified in their genomes was demonstrated to be essential for growth of the pathogen. Here, we decided to investigate the sulfonamide inhibition profile of the homologous β-CA (MreCA) identified in the genome of Malassezia restricta, an opportunistic pathogen triggering dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis. Among 40 investigated derivatives, the best MreCA sulfonamide inhibitors were dorzolamide, brinzolamide, indisulam, valdecoxib, sulthiam, and acetazolamide (KI < 1.0 μM). The MreCA inhibition profile was different from those of the homologous enzyme from Malassezia globosa (MgCA) and the human isoenzymes (hCA I and hCA II). These results might be useful to for designing CA inhibitor scaffolds that may selectively inhibit the dandruff-producing fungi.
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Anion Inhibition Profile of the β-Carbonic Anhydrase from the Opportunist Pathogenic Fungus Malassezia Restricta Involved in Dandruff and Seborrheic Dermatitis. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9070147. [PMID: 31323880 PMCID: PMC6680850 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9070147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are ubiquitous metalloenzymes, which catalyze the crucial physiological CO2 hydration/dehydration reaction (CO2 + H2O ⇌ HCO3- + H+) balancing the equilibrium between CO2, H2CO3, HCO3- and CO32-. It has been demonstrated that their selective inhibition alters the equilibrium of the metabolites above affecting the biosynthesis and energy metabolism of the organism. In this context, our interest has been focalized on the fungus Malassezia restricta, which may trigger dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis altering the complex bacterial and fungal equilibrium of the human scalp. We investigated a rather large number of inorganic metal-complexing anions (a well-known class of CA inhibitors) for their interaction with the β-CA (MreCA) encoded by the M. restricta genome. The results were compared with those obtained for the two human ?-CA isoforms (hCAI and hCAII) and the β-CA from Malassezia globosa. The most effective MreCA inhibitors were diethyldithiocarbamate, sulfamide, phenyl arsenic acid, stannate, tellurate, tetraborate, selenocyanate, trithiocarbonate, and bicarbonate. The different KI values obtained for the four proteins investigated might be attributed to the architectural features of their catalytic site. The anion inhibition profile is essential for better understanding the inhibition/catalytic mechanisms of these enzymes and for designing novel types of inhibitors, which may have clinical applications for the management of dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis.
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Cloning, Purification, and Characterization of a β-Carbonic Anhydrase from Malassezia restricta, an Opportunistic Pathogen Involved in Dandruff and Seborrheic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102447. [PMID: 31108925 PMCID: PMC6566260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cloning, purification, and initial characterization of the β-carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) from the genome of the opportunistic pathogen Malassezia restricta (MreCA), which a fungus involved in dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis (SD), is reported. MreCA is a protein consisting of 230 amino acid residues and shows high catalytic activity for the hydration of CO2 into bicarbonate and protons, with the following kinetic parameters: kcat of 1.06 × 106 s−1 and kcat/KM of 1.07 × 108 M−1 s−1. It is also sensitive to inhibition by the sulfonamide acetazolamide (KI of 50.7 nM). Phylogenetically, MreCA and other CAs from various Malassezia species seem to be on a different branch, distinct from that of other β-CAs found in fungi, such as Candida spp., Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Sordaria macrospora, with only Cryptococcus neoformans and Ustilago maydis enzymes clustering near MreCA. The further characterization of this enzyme and the identification of inhibitors that may interfere with its life cycle might constitute new strategies for fighting dandruff and SD.
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