1
|
Nahhas AF, Webster TJ. A review of treating viral outbreaks with self-assembled nanomaterial-like peptides: From Ebola to the Marburg virus. OPENNANO 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
2
|
Ebola outbreaks: A stress test of the preparedness of medicines regulatory systems for public health crises. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:2608-2618. [PMID: 34332099 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In a globalized world, infectious diseases of international concern are inevitable. When they (re-)emerge, the regulatory system works towards mitigating their impact. Ebola outbreaks marked a turning point in regulatory preparedness and efforts led to the accelerated development of therapeutic agents, in a catastrophic environment. However, only one clinical trial determined a vaccine's efficacy. Key lessons were considered and applied thereafter. The collaborative work resulted in the approval of the first therapeutic options against Ebola, a milestone in public health preparedness. The response demonstrated the successful implementation of regulatory mechanisms fostering development, early access and assessment of therapeutic agents, and the flexibility to embrace innovative regulatory solutions. The current system is robust to address health crises and protect global health.
Collapse
|
3
|
Diallo A, Carlos-Bolumbu M, Cervantes-Gonzalez M, Wozniak V, Diallo MH, Diallo BD, Delamou A, Galtier F. Immunogenicity and safety of Ebola virus vaccines in healthy adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:3771-3783. [PMID: 34270366 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1932214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical development of Ebola virus vaccines (EVV) was accelerated by the West African Ebola virus epidemic which remains the deadliest in history. To compare and rank the EVV according to their immunogenicity and safety. A total of 21 randomized controlled trial, evaluating seven different vaccines with different doses, and 5,275 participants were analyzed. The rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP (2 × 10 7) vaccine was more immunogenic (P-score 0.80). For pain, rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP (≤10 5) had few events (P-score 0.90). For fatigue and headache, the DNA-EBOV (≤ 4 mg) was the best one with P-scores of 0.94 and 0.87, respectively. For myalgia, the ChAd3 (10 10) had a lower risk (P-score 0.94). For fever, the Ad5.ZEBOV (≤ 8 × 10 10) was the best one (P-score 0.80). The best vaccine to be used to stop future outbreak of Ebola is the rVSVDG-ZEBOV-GP vaccine at dose of 2 × 107 PFU.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alhassane Diallo
- CIC-EC 1425, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Clinical Research, AP-HP Hospital Bichat, University of Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Miguel Carlos-Bolumbu
- Département d'Urgence-Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Sud-Essones CHSE, Paris, France
| | - Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez
- CIC-EC 1425, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Clinical Research, AP-HP Hospital Bichat, Paris, France
| | | | - Mamadou Hassimiou Diallo
- Centre population et développement, Institut de recherche pour le développement, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Boubacar Djelo Diallo
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de la Santé, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Service de Pneumo-Phtisiologie, CHU Conakry, Hôpital National Ignace Deen de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | | | - Florence Galtier
- INSERM, CIC 1411, CHU of Montpellier, Saint Eloi Hospital, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
He L, Chaudhary A, Lin X, Sou C, Alkutkar T, Kumar S, Ngo T, Kosviner E, Ozorowski G, Stanfield RL, Ward AB, Wilson IA, Zhu J. Single-component multilayered self-assembling nanoparticles presenting rationally designed glycoprotein trimers as Ebola virus vaccines. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2633. [PMID: 33976149 DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.22.262634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV) glycoprotein (GP) can be recognized by neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and is the main target for vaccine design. Here, we first investigate the contribution of the stalk and heptad repeat 1-C (HR1C) regions to GP metastability. Specific stalk and HR1C modifications in a mucin-deleted form (GPΔmuc) increase trimer yield, whereas alterations of HR1C exert a more complex effect on thermostability. Crystal structures are determined to validate two rationally designed GPΔmuc trimers in their unliganded state. We then display a modified GPΔmuc trimer on reengineered protein nanoparticles that encapsulate a layer of locking domains (LD) and a cluster of helper T-cell epitopes. In mice and rabbits, GP trimers and nanoparticles elicit cross-ebolavirus NAbs, as well as non-NAbs that enhance pseudovirus infection. Repertoire sequencing reveals quantitative profiles of vaccine-induced B-cell responses. This study demonstrates a promising vaccine strategy for filoviruses, such as EBOV, based on GP stabilization and nanoparticle display.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antigens, Viral/administration & dosage
- Antigens, Viral/genetics
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- Antigens, Viral/ultrastructure
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Disease Models, Animal
- Ebola Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Ebola Vaccines/genetics
- Ebola Vaccines/immunology
- Ebolavirus/genetics
- Ebolavirus/immunology
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/administration & dosage
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/ultrastructure
- Female
- Glycoproteins/administration & dosage
- Glycoproteins/genetics
- Glycoproteins/immunology
- Glycoproteins/ultrastructure
- Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/blood
- Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/immunology
- Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/therapy
- Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/virology
- Humans
- Mice
- Nanoparticles/chemistry
- Protein Domains/genetics
- Protein Domains/immunology
- Protein Engineering
- Protein Multimerization/genetics
- Protein Multimerization/immunology
- Protein Stability
- Rabbits
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology
- Vaccines, Subunit/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Subunit/genetics
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Viral Proteins/administration & dosage
- Viral Proteins/genetics
- Viral Proteins/immunology
- Viral Proteins/ultrastructure
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linling He
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anshul Chaudhary
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiaohe Lin
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cindy Sou
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tanwee Alkutkar
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sonu Kumar
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Timothy Ngo
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ezra Kosviner
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gabriel Ozorowski
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robyn L Stanfield
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ian A Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
He L, Chaudhary A, Lin X, Sou C, Alkutkar T, Kumar S, Ngo T, Kosviner E, Ozorowski G, Stanfield RL, Ward AB, Wilson IA, Zhu J. Single-component multilayered self-assembling nanoparticles presenting rationally designed glycoprotein trimers as Ebola virus vaccines. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2633. [PMID: 33976149 PMCID: PMC8113551 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22867-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV) glycoprotein (GP) can be recognized by neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and is the main target for vaccine design. Here, we first investigate the contribution of the stalk and heptad repeat 1-C (HR1C) regions to GP metastability. Specific stalk and HR1C modifications in a mucin-deleted form (GPΔmuc) increase trimer yield, whereas alterations of HR1C exert a more complex effect on thermostability. Crystal structures are determined to validate two rationally designed GPΔmuc trimers in their unliganded state. We then display a modified GPΔmuc trimer on reengineered protein nanoparticles that encapsulate a layer of locking domains (LD) and a cluster of helper T-cell epitopes. In mice and rabbits, GP trimers and nanoparticles elicit cross-ebolavirus NAbs, as well as non-NAbs that enhance pseudovirus infection. Repertoire sequencing reveals quantitative profiles of vaccine-induced B-cell responses. This study demonstrates a promising vaccine strategy for filoviruses, such as EBOV, based on GP stabilization and nanoparticle display. Ebola virus glycoprotein (GP) is a major target for vaccine design. Here, the authors identify mutations to improve GP stability and yield, design two multilayered nanoparticle carriers, and demonstrate good immunogenicity of the modified GP on nanoparticles in mice and rabbits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linling He
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anshul Chaudhary
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiaohe Lin
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cindy Sou
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tanwee Alkutkar
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sonu Kumar
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Timothy Ngo
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ezra Kosviner
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gabriel Ozorowski
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robyn L Stanfield
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ian A Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ramos-Vega A, Monreal-Escalante E, Dumonteil E, Bañuelos-Hernández B, Angulo C. Plant-made vaccines against parasites: bioinspired perspectives to fight against Chagas disease. Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 20:1373-1388. [PMID: 33612044 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1893170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Three decades of evidence have demonstrated that plants are an affordable platform for biopharmaceutical production and delivery. For instance, several plant-made recombinant proteins have been approved for commercialization under good manufacturing practice (GMP). Thus far, plant-based vaccine prototypes have been evaluated at pre- and clinical levels. Particularly, plant-made vaccines against parasitic diseases, such as malaria, cysticercosis, and toxoplasmosis have been successfully produced and orally delivered with promising outcomes in terms of immunogenicity and protection. The experience on several approaches and technical strategies over 30 years accounts for their potential low-cost, high scalability, and easy administration.Areas covered: This platform is an open technology to fight against Chagas disease, one of the most important neglected tropical diseases worldwide.Expert opinion: This review provides a perspective for the potential use of plants as a production platform and delivery system of Trypanosoma cruzi recombinant antigens, analyzing the advantages and limitations with respect to plant-made vaccines produced for other parasitic diseases. Plant-made vaccines are envisioned to fight against Chagas disease and other neglected tropical diseases in those countries suffering endemic prevalence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abel Ramos-Vega
- Grupo de Inmunología & Vacunología. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.c.s. C.p., México
| | - Elizabeth Monreal-Escalante
- Grupo de Inmunología & Vacunología. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.c.s. C.p., México.,CONACYT- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.c.s. C.p, México
| | - Eric Dumonteil
- Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, and Vector-Borne and Infectious Disease Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Bernardo Bañuelos-Hernández
- Facultad de Agronomía Y Veterinaria, Universidad de La Salle Bajio, Avenida Universidad 602, Lomas del Campestre, León Guanajuato, México
| | - Carlos Angulo
- Grupo de Inmunología & Vacunología. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.c.s. C.p., México
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Identification of Novel Adjuvants for Ebola Virus-Like Particle Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8020215. [PMID: 32397625 PMCID: PMC7349346 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus disease is a severe disease, often fatal, with a mortality rate of up to 90%. Presently, effective treatment and safe prevention options for Ebola virus disease are not available. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop control measures to prevent or limit future Ebola virus outbreaks. Ebola virus protein-based virus-like particle (VLP) and inactivated whole virion vaccines have demonstrated efficacy in animal models, and the addition of appropriate adjuvants may provide additional benefits to these vaccines, including enhanced immune responses. In this study, we screened 24 compounds from injectable excipients approved for human use in Japan and identified six compounds that significantly enhanced the humoral response to Ebola VLP vaccine in a murine model. Our novel adjuvant candidates for Ebola VLP vaccine have already been demonstrated to be safe when administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously, and therefore, they are closer to clinical trials than adjuvants whose safety profiles are unknown.
Collapse
|
8
|
Bache BE, Grobusch MP, Agnandji ST. Safety, immunogenicity and risk-benefit analysis of rVSV-ΔG-ZEBOV-GP (V920) Ebola vaccine in Phase I-III clinical trials across regions. Future Microbiol 2020; 15:85-106. [PMID: 32030996 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2019-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the risk-benefits balance of the rVSV-ΔG-ZEBOV-GP vaccine. We performed a systematic review to summarize data on safety, immunogenicity and efficacy. About 17,600 adults and 234 children received 11 different doses of the V920 vaccine ranging from 3000 to 100 million and 20 million plaque-forming units, respectively, during Phase I-III clinical trials. Cases of severe but transient arthritis were reported in about six and 0.08% of vaccinees in high-income countries (HICs) and low-middle-income countries (LMICs), respectively. The 20 million plaque-forming units dose yielded GP-specific antibody titres which peaked at day 28 with a pooled geometric mean titres of 2557.7 (95% CI: 1665.5-3934.2) versus 1156.9 (95% CI: 832.5-1649.2) but with similar seroconversion rates at 96% (95% CI: 87-100) versus 100% (95% CI: 90-100) for HICs and LMICs, respectively. Data from stringent Phase I-II clinical trials in LMICs and HICs and from the ring efficacy trials yielded a good risk-benefit balance of the V920 vaccine in adults, but also in children and pregnant and lactating women and HIV-infected people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bache Emmanuel Bache
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Biomedicine and Social sciences, BP 242, Lambaréné, Gabon.,Center of Tropical Medicine & Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin P Grobusch
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Biomedicine and Social sciences, BP 242, Lambaréné, Gabon.,Center of Tropical Medicine & Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Institut für Tropenmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Selidji Todagbe Agnandji
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Biomedicine and Social sciences, BP 242, Lambaréné, Gabon.,Institut für Tropenmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Venkatraman N, Ndiaye BP, Bowyer G, Wade D, Sridhar S, Wright D, Powlson J, Ndiaye I, Dièye S, Thompson C, Bakhoum M, Morter R, Capone S, Del Sorbo M, Jamieson S, Rampling T, Datoo M, Roberts R, Poulton I, Griffiths O, Ballou WR, Roman F, Lewis DJM, Lawrie A, Imoukhuede E, Gilbert SC, Dieye TN, Ewer KJ, Mboup S, Hill AVS. Safety and Immunogenicity of a Heterologous Prime-Boost Ebola Virus Vaccine Regimen in Healthy Adults in the United Kingdom and Senegal. J Infect Dis 2020; 219:1187-1197. [PMID: 30407513 PMCID: PMC6452431 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 2014 West African outbreak of Ebola virus disease highlighted the urgent need to develop an effective Ebola vaccine. METHODS We undertook 2 phase 1 studies assessing safety and immunogenicity of the viral vector modified vaccinia Ankara virus vectored Ebola Zaire vaccine (MVA-EBO-Z), manufactured rapidly on a new duck cell line either alone or in a heterologous prime-boost regimen with recombinant chimpanzee adenovirus type 3 vectored Ebola Zaire vaccine (ChAd3-EBO-Z) followed by MVA-EBO-Z. Adult volunteers in the United Kingdom (n = 38) and Senegal (n = 40) were vaccinated and an accelerated 1-week prime-boost regimen was assessed in Senegal. Safety was assessed by active and passive collection of local and systemic adverse events. RESULTS The standard and accelerated heterologous prime-boost regimens were well-tolerated and elicited potent cellular and humoral immunogenicity in the United Kingdom and Senegal, but vaccine-induced antibody responses were significantly lower in Senegal. Cellular immune responses measured by flow cytometry were significantly greater in African vaccinees receiving ChAd3 and MVA vaccines in the same rather than the contralateral limb. CONCLUSIONS MVA biomanufactured on an immortalized duck cell line shows potential for very large-scale manufacturing with lower cost of goods. This first trial of MVA-EBO-Z in humans encourages further testing in phase 2 studies, with the 1-week prime-boost interval regimen appearing to be particularly suitable for outbreak control. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT02451891; NCT02485912.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Djibril Wade
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal
| | | | - Daniel Wright
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Siry Dièye
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal
| | | | - Momar Bakhoum
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mehreen Datoo
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ian Poulton
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - David J M Lewis
- National Institute for Health Research/Imperial Clinical Research Facility, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Lawrie
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Katie J Ewer
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xu S, Jiao C, Jin H, Li W, Li E, Cao Z, Shi Z, Yan F, Zhang S, He H, Chi H, Feng N, Zhao Y, Gao Y, Yang S, Wang J, Wang H, Xia X. A Novel Bacterium-Like Particle-Based Vaccine Displaying the SUDV Glycoprotein Induces Potent Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Mice. Viruses 2019; 11:v11121149. [PMID: 31835785 PMCID: PMC6950126 DOI: 10.3390/v11121149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sudan virus (SUDV) causes severe lethal hemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates. The most effective and economical way to protect against Sudan ebolavirus disease is prophylactic vaccination. However, there are no licensed vaccines to prevent SUDV infections. In this study, a bacterium-like particle (BLP)-based vaccine displaying the extracellular domain of the SUDV glycoprotein (eGP) was developed based on a gram-positive enhancer matrix-protein anchor (GEM-PA) surface display system. Expression of the recombinant GEM-displayed eGP (eGP-PA-GEM) was verified by Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays. The SUDV BLPs (SBLPs), which were mixed with Montanide ISA 201VG plus Poly (I:C) combined adjuvant, could induce high SUDV GP-specific IgG titers of up to 1:40,960 and robust virus-neutralizing antibody titers reached 1:460. The SBLP also elicited T-helper 1 (Th1) and T-helper 2 (Th2) cell-mediated immunity. These data indicate that the SBLP subunit vaccine has the potential to be developed into a promising candidate vaccine against SUDV infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (S.X.); (Z.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (C.J.); (H.J.); (W.L.); (E.L.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (N.F.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (S.Y.); (H.W.)
| | - Cuicui Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (C.J.); (H.J.); (W.L.); (E.L.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (N.F.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (S.Y.); (H.W.)
| | - Hongli Jin
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (C.J.); (H.J.); (W.L.); (E.L.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (N.F.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (S.Y.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Wujian Li
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (C.J.); (H.J.); (W.L.); (E.L.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (N.F.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (S.Y.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Entao Li
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (C.J.); (H.J.); (W.L.); (E.L.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (N.F.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (S.Y.); (H.W.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zengguo Cao
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (C.J.); (H.J.); (W.L.); (E.L.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (N.F.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (S.Y.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zhikang Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (S.X.); (Z.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (C.J.); (H.J.); (W.L.); (E.L.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (N.F.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (S.Y.); (H.W.)
| | - Feihu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (C.J.); (H.J.); (W.L.); (E.L.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (N.F.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (S.Y.); (H.W.)
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (C.J.); (H.J.); (W.L.); (E.L.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (N.F.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (S.Y.); (H.W.)
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hongbin He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China;
| | - Hang Chi
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (C.J.); (H.J.); (W.L.); (E.L.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (N.F.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (S.Y.); (H.W.)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Na Feng
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (C.J.); (H.J.); (W.L.); (E.L.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (N.F.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (S.Y.); (H.W.)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Yongkun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (C.J.); (H.J.); (W.L.); (E.L.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (N.F.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (S.Y.); (H.W.)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Yuwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (C.J.); (H.J.); (W.L.); (E.L.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (N.F.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (S.Y.); (H.W.)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Songtao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (C.J.); (H.J.); (W.L.); (E.L.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (N.F.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (S.Y.); (H.W.)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Jianzhong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (S.X.); (Z.S.)
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (X.X.)
| | - Hualei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (C.J.); (H.J.); (W.L.); (E.L.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (N.F.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (S.Y.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Xianzhu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; (C.J.); (H.J.); (W.L.); (E.L.); (Z.C.); (F.Y.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (N.F.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (S.Y.); (H.W.)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (X.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kuzmina NA, Younan P, Gilchuk P, Santos RI, Flyak AI, Ilinykh PA, Huang K, Lubaki NM, Ramanathan P, Crowe JE, Bukreyev A. Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Ebola Virus Infection by Human Antibodies Isolated from Survivors. Cell Rep 2019; 24:1802-1815.e5. [PMID: 30110637 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Some monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) recovered from survivors of filovirus infections can protect against infection. It is currently unknown whether natural infection also induces some antibodies with the capacity for antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). A panel of mAbs obtained from human survivors of filovirus infection caused by Ebola, Bundibugyo, or Marburg viruses was evaluated for their ability to facilitate ADE. ADE was observed readily with all mAbs examined at sub-neutralizing concentrations, and this effect was not restricted to mAbs with a particular epitope specificity, neutralizing capacity, or subclass. Blocking of specific Fcγ receptors reduced but did not abolish ADE that was associated with high-affinity binding antibodies, suggesting that lower-affinity interactions still cause ADE. Mutations of Fc fragments of an mAb that altered its interaction with Fc receptors rendered the antibody partially protective in vivo at a low dose, suggesting that ADE counteracts antibody-mediated protection and facilitates dissemination of filovirus infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A Kuzmina
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Patrick Younan
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Pavlo Gilchuk
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rodrigo I Santos
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Andrew I Flyak
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Philipp A Ilinykh
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Ndongala M Lubaki
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Palaniappan Ramanathan
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - James E Crowe
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Alexander Bukreyev
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Therapeutic strategies to target the Ebola virus life cycle. Nat Rev Microbiol 2019; 17:593-606. [DOI: 10.1038/s41579-019-0233-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
13
|
Marshall Lyon G, Mehta AK, Ribner BS. Clinical Management of Patients with Ebola Virus Disease in High-Resource Settings. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2019; 411:115-137. [PMID: 28601946 PMCID: PMC7120076 DOI: 10.1007/82_2017_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Like most viral illnesses in humans, supportive care of the patient is the mainstay of clinical care for patients with Ebola virus disease (EVD). The goal is to maintain and sustain the patient until a specific immune response develops and clears the viral infection. Clearly, antiviral therapy may eventually help speed recovery, but supportive care will likely always be the centerpiece of care of the patient with EVD. While terrible in terms of human suffering and loss, the EVD outbreak of 2014–2016 provided an unheralded opportunity to advance our understanding in the care of patients (WHO 2016). Regardless of the care setting, resource-rich or resource-constrained, it is beneficial to have an established team of care providers. This team should consist of nurses and physicians who are familiar with clinical care of patients with EVD and have demonstrated competency using necessary personal protective equipment (PPE). Consideration should be given to having several physician specialties on the team, including critical care, infectious diseases, and anesthesiology. Additional individuals in other medical specialties should be identified in case needed during the course of caring for a patient. The National Ebola Training and Education Center (NETEC) has detailed guidance on preparations for developing a high-containment unit and care team (NETEC 2016).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Marshall Lyon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, WMRB 2101, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Aneesh K Mehta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, WMRB 2101, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Bruce S Ribner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University Hospital, 1364 Clifton Road NE, Suite B705, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Filovirus small animal disease models have so far been developed in laboratory mice, guinea pigs, and hamsters. Since immunocompetent rodents do not exhibit overt signs of disease following infection with wild-type filoviruses isolated from humans, rodent models have been established using adapted viruses produced through sequential passage in rodents. Rodent-adapted viruses target the same cells/tissues as the wild-type viruses, making rodents invaluable basic research tools for studying filovirus pathogenesis. Moreover, comparative analyses using wild-type and rodent-adapted viruses have provided beneficial insights into the molecular mechanisms of pathogenicity and acquisition of species-specific virulence. Additionally, wild-type filovirus infections in immunodeficient rodents have provided a better understanding of the host factors required for resistance to filovirus infection and of the immune response against the infection. This chapter provides comprehensive information on the filovirus rodent models and rodent-adapted filoviruses. Specifically, we summarize the clinical and pathological features of filovirus infections in all rodent models described to date, including the recently developed humanized and collaborative cross (CC) resource recombinant inbred (RI) intercrossed (CC-RIX) mouse models. We also cover the molecular determinants responsible for adaptation and virulence acquisition in a number of rodent-adapted filoviruses. This chapter clearly defines the characteristic and advantages/disadvantages of rodent models, helping to evaluate the practical use of rodent models in future filovirus studies.
Collapse
|
15
|
Conserved peptide vaccine candidates containing multiple Ebola nucleoprotein epitopes display interactions with diverse HLA molecules. Med Microbiol Immunol 2019; 208:227-238. [DOI: 10.1007/s00430-019-00584-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
16
|
Tetherin Inhibits Nipah Virus but Not Ebola Virus Replication in Fruit Bat Cells. J Virol 2019; 93:JVI.01821-18. [PMID: 30429347 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01821-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV) and Nipah virus (NiV) infection of humans can cause fatal disease and constitutes a public health threat. In contrast, EBOV and NiV infection of fruit bats, the putative (EBOV) or proven (NiV) natural reservoir, is not associated with disease, and it is currently unknown how these animals control the virus. The human interferon (IFN)-stimulated antiviral effector protein tetherin (CD317, BST-2) blocks release of EBOV- and NiV-like particles from cells and is counteracted by the EBOV glycoprotein (GP). In contrast, it is unknown whether fruit bat tetherin restricts virus infection and is susceptible to GP-driven antagonism. Here, we report the sequence of fruit bat tetherin and show that its expression is IFN stimulated and associated with strong antiviral activity. Moreover, we demonstrate that EBOV-GP antagonizes tetherin orthologues of diverse species but fails to efficiently counteract fruit bat tetherin in virus-like particle (VLP) release assays. However, unexpectedly, tetherin was dispensable for robust IFN-mediated inhibition of EBOV spread in fruit bat cells. Thus, the VLP-based model systems mimicking tetherin-mediated inhibition of EBOV release and its counteraction by GP seem not to adequately reflect all aspects of EBOV release from IFN-stimulated fruit bat cells, potentially due to differences in tetherin expression levels that could not be resolved by the present study. In contrast, tetherin expression was essential for IFN-dependent inhibition of NiV infection, demonstrating that IFN-induced fruit bat tetherin exerts antiviral activity and may critically contribute to control of NiV and potentially other highly virulent viruses in infected animals.IMPORTANCE Ebola virus and Nipah virus (EBOV and NiV) can cause fatal disease in humans. In contrast, infected fruit bats do not develop symptoms but can transmit the virus to humans. Why fruit bats but not humans control infection is largely unknown. Tetherin is an antiviral host cell protein and is counteracted by the EBOV glycoprotein in human cells. Here, employing model systems, we show that tetherin of fruit bats displays higher antiviral activity than human tetherin and is largely resistant against counteraction by the Ebola virus glycoprotein. Moreover, we demonstrate that induction of tetherin expression is critical for interferon-mediated inhibition of NiV but, for at present unknown reasons, not EBOV spread in fruit bat cells. Collectively, our findings identify tetherin as an antiviral effector of innate immune responses in fruit bats, which might allow these animals to control infection with NiV and potentially other viruses that cause severe disease in humans.
Collapse
|
17
|
Meyer M, Malherbe DC, Bukreyev A. Can Ebola Virus Vaccines Have Universal Immune Correlates of protection? Trends Microbiol 2019; 27:8-16. [PMID: 30201511 PMCID: PMC6309495 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Testing vaccine efficacy against the highly lethal Ebola virus (EBOV) in humans is almost impossible due to obvious ethical reasons and the sporadic nature of outbreaks. For such situations, the 'animal rule' was established, requiring the product be tested in animal models, expected to predict the response observed in humans. For vaccines, this testing aims to identify immune correlates of protection, such as antibody or cell-mediated responses. In the wake of the 2013-2016 EBOV epidemic, and despite advancement of promising candidates into clinical trials, protective correlates remain ambiguous. In the hope of identifying a reliable correlate by comparing preclinical and clinical trial data on immune responses to vaccination, we conclude that correlates are not universal for all EBOV vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Meyer
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Delphine C Malherbe
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Alexander Bukreyev
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Patel A, Reuschel EL, Kraynyak KA, Racine T, Park DH, Scott VL, Audet J, Amante D, Wise MC, Keaton AA, Wong G, Villarreal DO, Walters J, Muthumani K, Shedlock DJ, de La Vega MA, Plyler R, Boyer J, Broderick KE, Yan J, Khan AS, Jones S, Bello A, Soule G, Tran KN, He S, Tierney K, Qiu X, Kobinger GP, Sardesai NY, Weiner DB. Protective Efficacy and Long-Term Immunogenicity in Cynomolgus Macaques by Ebola Virus Glycoprotein Synthetic DNA Vaccines. J Infect Dis 2018; 219:544-555. [DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
There remains an important need for prophylactic anti-Ebola virus vaccine candidates that elicit long-lasting immune responses and can be delivered to vulnerable populations that are unable to receive live-attenuated or viral vector vaccines.
Methods
We designed novel synthetic anti-Ebola virus glycoprotein (EBOV-GP) DNA vaccines as a strategy to expand protective breadth against diverse EBOV strains and evaluated the impact of vaccine dosing and route of administration on protection against lethal EBOV-Makona challenge in cynomolgus macaques. Long-term immunogenicity was monitored in nonhuman primates for >1 year, followed by a 12-month boost.
Results
Multiple-injection regimens of the EBOV-GP DNA vaccine, delivered by intramuscular administration followed by electroporation, were 100% protective against lethal EBOV-Makona challenge. Impressively, 2 injections of a simple, more tolerable, and dose-sparing intradermal administration followed by electroporation generated strong immunogenicity and was 100% protective against lethal challenge. In parallel, we observed that EBOV-GP DNA vaccination induced long-term immune responses in macaques that were detectable for at least 1 year after final vaccination and generated a strong recall response after the final boost.
Conclusions
These data support that this simple intradermal-administered, serology-independent approach is likely important for additional study towards the goal of induction of anti-EBOV immunity in multiple at-risk populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ami Patel
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Emma L Reuschel
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Trina Racine
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Daniel H Park
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Veronica L Scott
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, William Carey University, Hattiesburg, Mississippi
| | - Jonathan Audet
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Dinah Amante
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals Inc., Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania
| | - Megan C Wise
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals Inc., Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania
| | - Amelia A Keaton
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gary Wong
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Jewell Walters
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals Inc., Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania
| | - Kar Muthumani
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Marc-Antoine de La Vega
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Jean Boyer
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals Inc., Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Jian Yan
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals Inc., Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania
| | - Amir S Khan
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals Inc., Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania
| | - Shane Jones
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Alexander Bello
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Geoff Soule
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Kaylie N Tran
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Shihua He
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Kevin Tierney
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Xiangguo Qiu
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Gary P Kobinger
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
- Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | | | - David B Weiner
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rauch S, Jasny E, Schmidt KE, Petsch B. New Vaccine Technologies to Combat Outbreak Situations. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1963. [PMID: 30283434 PMCID: PMC6156540 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ever since the development of the first vaccine more than 200 years ago, vaccinations have greatly decreased the burden of infectious diseases worldwide, famously leading to the eradication of small pox and allowing the restriction of diseases such as polio, tetanus, diphtheria, and measles. A multitude of research efforts focuses on the improvement of established and the discovery of new vaccines such as the HPV (human papilloma virus) vaccine in 2006. However, radical changes in the density, age distribution and traveling habits of the population worldwide as well as the changing climate favor the emergence of old and new pathogens that bear the risk of becoming pandemic threats. In recent years, the rapid spread of severe infections such as HIV, SARS, Ebola, and Zika have highlighted the dire need for global preparedness for pandemics, which necessitates the extremely rapid development and comprehensive distribution of vaccines against potentially previously unknown pathogens. What is more, the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria calls for new approaches to prevent infections. Given these changes, established methods for the identification of new vaccine candidates are no longer sufficient to ensure global protection. Hence, new vaccine technologies able to achieve rapid development as well as large scale production are of pivotal importance. This review will discuss viral vector and nucleic acid-based vaccines (DNA and mRNA vaccines) as new approaches that might be able to tackle these challenges to global health.
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu Y, Ye L, Lin F, Gomaa Y, Flyer D, Carrion R, Patterson JL, Prausnitz MR, Smith G, Glenn G, Wu H, Compans RW, Yang C. Intradermal immunization by Ebola virus GP subunit vaccines using microneedle patches protects mice against lethal EBOV challenge. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11193. [PMID: 30046140 PMCID: PMC6060117 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29135-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of a safe and efficacious filovirus vaccine is of high importance to public health. In this study, we compared immune responses induced by Ebola virus (EBOV) glycoprotein (GP) subunit vaccines via intradermal immunization with microneedle (MN) patches and the conventional intramuscular (IM) injection in mice, which showed that MN delivery of GP induced higher levels and longer lasting antibody responses against GP than IM injection. Further, we found that EBOV GP in formulation with a saponin-based adjuvant, Matrix-M, can be efficiently loaded onto MN patches. Co-delivery of Matrix-M with GP significantly enhanced induction of antibody responses by MN delivery, as also observed for IM injection. Results from challenge studies showed that all mice that received the GP/adjuvant formulation by MN or IM immunizations were protected from lethal EBOV challenge. Further, 4 out of 5 mice vaccinated by MN delivery of unadjuvanted GP also survived the challenge, whereas only 1 out of 5 mice vaccinated by IM injection of unadjuvanted GP survived the challenge. These results demonstrate that MN patch delivery of EBOV GP subunit vaccines, which is expected to enable improved safety and thermal stability, can confer effective protection against EBOV infection that is superior to IM vaccination.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/genetics
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antibody Formation/immunology
- Ebola Vaccines/immunology
- Ebolavirus/immunology
- Ebolavirus/pathogenicity
- Glycoproteins/administration & dosage
- Glycoproteins/immunology
- Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/genetics
- Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/immunology
- Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/prevention & control
- Humans
- Immunization
- Injections, Intradermal
- Mice
- Vaccination
- Vaccines, Subunit/genetics
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Vaccines, Subunit/therapeutic use
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Special Animal Epidemic Disease, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences CAAS, Changchun, Jilin 130112, P. R. China
- Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Ling Ye
- Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Fang Lin
- Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Central Laboratory, Tangdu Hospital at the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'An, 710038, China
| | - Yasmine Gomaa
- Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - David Flyer
- Novavax Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Ricardo Carrion
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 7620 NW Loop 410, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Jean L Patterson
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 7620 NW Loop 410, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Mark R Prausnitz
- Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Gale Smith
- Novavax Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Gregory Glenn
- Novavax Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Hua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Special Animal Epidemic Disease, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences CAAS, Changchun, Jilin 130112, P. R. China
| | - Richard W Compans
- Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Chinglai Yang
- Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Walldorf JA, Date KA, Sreenivasan N, Harris JB, Hyde TB. Lessons Learned from Emergency Response Vaccination Efforts for Cholera, Typhoid, Yellow Fever, and Ebola. Emerg Infect Dis 2018; 23. [PMID: 29155670 PMCID: PMC5711321 DOI: 10.3201/eid2313.170550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Countries must be prepared to respond to public health threats associated with emergencies, such as natural disasters, sociopolitical conflicts, or uncontrolled disease outbreaks. Rapid vaccination of populations vulnerable to epidemic-prone vaccine-preventable diseases is a major component of emergency response. Emergency vaccination planning presents challenges, including how to predict resource needs, expand vaccine availability during global shortages, and address regulatory barriers to deliver new products. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention supports countries to plan, implement, and evaluate emergency vaccination response. We describe work of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in collaboration with global partners to support emergency vaccination against cholera, typhoid, yellow fever, and Ebola, diseases for which a new vaccine or vaccine formulation has played a major role in response. Lessons learned will help countries prepare for future emergencies. Integration of vaccination with emergency response augments global health security through reducing disease burden, saving lives, and preventing spread across international borders.
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhu W, Zhang Z, He S, Wong G, Banadyga L, Qiu X. Successful treatment of Marburg virus with orally administrated T-705 (Favipiravir) in a mouse model. Antiviral Res 2018; 151:39-49. [PMID: 29369776 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Filoviruses, such as Marburg and Ebola viruses, cause severe disease in humans with high case fatality rates and are therefore considered biological threat agents. To date, no licensed vaccine or therapeutic exists for their treatment. T-705 (favipiravir) is a pyrazinecarboxamide derivative that has shown broad antiviral activity against a number of viruses and is clinically licenced in Japan to treat influenza. Here we report the efficacy of T-705 against Marburg virus infection in vitro and in vivo. Notably, oral administration of T-705 beginning one or two days post-infection and continuing for eight days resulted in complete survival of mice that had been intraperitoneally infected with mouse-adapted Marburg virus (variant Angola). Moreover, lower doses of T-705 and higher doses administered later during infection (day 3 or 4 post-infection) showed partial efficacy, with at least half the infected mice surviving. Accordingly, we observed reductions in infectious virus particles and virus RNA levels following drug treatment that appeared to correlate with survival. Our findings suggest that T-705 may be an effective therapeutic against Marburg virus and might be especially promising for use in the event of an outbreak, where it could be orally administered quickly and safely even after exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zhu
- Special Pathogens Program, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Zirui Zhang
- Special Pathogens Program, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Shihua He
- Special Pathogens Program, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Gary Wong
- Special Pathogens Program, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Logan Banadyga
- Special Pathogens Program, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Xiangguo Qiu
- Special Pathogens Program, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Singh RK, Dhama K, Malik YS, Ramakrishnan MA, Karthik K, Khandia R, Tiwari R, Munjal A, Saminathan M, Sachan S, Desingu PA, Kattoor JJ, Iqbal HMN, Joshi SK. Ebola virus - epidemiology, diagnosis, and control: threat to humans, lessons learnt, and preparedness plans - an update on its 40 year's journey. Vet Q 2017; 37:98-135. [PMID: 28317453 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2017.1309474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV) is an extremely contagious pathogen and causes lethal hemorrhagic fever disease in man and animals. The recently occurred Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreaks in the West African countries have categorized it as an international health concern. For the virus maintenance and transmission, the non-human primates and reservoir hosts like fruit bats have played a vital role. For curbing the disease timely, we need effective therapeutics/prophylactics, however, in the absence of any approved vaccine, timely diagnosis and monitoring of EBOV remains of utmost importance. The technologically advanced vaccines like a viral-vectored vaccine, DNA vaccine and virus-like particles are underway for testing against EBOV. In the absence of any effective control measure, the adaptation of high standards of biosecurity measures, strict sanitary and hygienic practices, strengthening of surveillance and monitoring systems, imposing appropriate quarantine checks and vigilance on trade, transport, and movement of visitors from EVD endemic countries remains the answer of choice for tackling the EBOV spread. Herein, we converse with the current scenario of EBOV giving due emphasis on animal and veterinary perspectives along with advances in diagnosis and control strategies to be adopted, lessons learned from the recent outbreaks and the global preparedness plans. To retrieve the evolutionary information, we have analyzed a total of 56 genome sequences of various EBOV species submitted between 1976 and 2016 in public databases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar Singh
- a ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- b Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Yashpal Singh Malik
- c Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | | | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- e Divison of Bacteriology and Mycology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Rekha Khandia
- f Department of Biochemistry and Genetics , Barkatullah University , Bhopal , India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- g Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology , College of Veterinary Sciences, Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU) , Mathura , India
| | - Ashok Munjal
- f Department of Biochemistry and Genetics , Barkatullah University , Bhopal , India
| | - Mani Saminathan
- b Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Swati Sachan
- h Immunology Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | | | - Jobin Jose Kattoor
- c Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- i School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey , Monterrey , Mexico
| | - Sunil Kumar Joshi
- j Cellular Immunology Lab , Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics , School of Medical Diagnostics & Translational Sciences, Old Dominion University , Norfolk , VA , USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Walldorf JA, Cloessner EA, Hyde TB, MacNeil A. Considerations for use of Ebola vaccine during an emergency response. Vaccine 2017; 37:7190-7200. [PMID: 28890191 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination against Ebola virus disease is a tool that may limit disease transmission and deaths in future outbreaks, integrated within traditional Ebola outbreak prevention and control measures. Although a licensed Ebolavirus vaccine (EV) is not yet available, the 2014-2016 West African Ebola outbreak has accelerated EV clinical trials and given public health authorities in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone experience with implementation of emergency ring vaccination. As evidence supporting the use of EV during an outbreak response has become available, public health authorities in at-risk countries are considering how to integrate EV into future emergency Ebola responses and for prevention in high-risk groups, such as healthcare workers and frontline workers (HCW/FLWs), even before an EV is licensed. This review provides an overview of Ebola epidemiology, immunology, and evidence to inform regional and country-level decisions regarding EV delivery during an emergency response and to at-risk populations before a licensed vaccine is available and beyond. Countries or regions planning to use EV will need to assess factors such as the likelihood of a future Ebolavirus outbreak, the most likely species to cause an outbreak, the availability of a safe and effective EV (unlicensed or licensed) for the affected population, capacity to implement Ebola vaccination in conjunction with standard Ebola outbreak control measures, and availability of minimum essential resources and regulatory requirements to implement emergency Ebola vaccination. Potential emergency vaccination strategies for consideration include ring or geographically targeted community vaccination, HCW/FLW vaccination, and mass vaccination. The development of guidelines and protocols for Ebola vaccination will help ensure that activities are standardized, evidence-based, and well-coordinated with overall Ebola outbreak response efforts in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny A Walldorf
- Global Immunization Division, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States.
| | - Emily A Cloessner
- Global Immunization Division, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States; Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health, 1900 M St NW Suite 710, Washington, DC 20036, United States.
| | - Terri B Hyde
- Global Immunization Division, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States.
| | - Adam MacNeil
- Global Immunization Division, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States.
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wu L, Zhang Z, Gao H, Li Y, Hou L, Yao H, Wu S, Liu J, Wang L, Zhai Y, Ou H, Lin M, Wu X, Liu J, Lang G, Xin Q, Wu G, Luo L, Liu P, Shentu J, Wu N, Sheng J, Qiu Y, Chen W, Li L. Open-label phase I clinical trial of Ad5-EBOV in Africans in China. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13. [PMID: 28708962 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201701815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine the safety and immunogenicity of a novel recombinant adenovirus type 5 vector based Ebola virus disease vaccine (Ad5-EBOV) in Africans in China. METHODS A phase 1, dose-escalation, open-label trial was conducted. 61 healthy Africans were sequentially enrolled, with 31 participants receiving one shot intramuscular injection and 30 participants receiving a double-shot regimen. Primary and secondary end points related to safety and immunogenicity were assessed within 28 d after vaccination. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02401373). RESULTS Ad5-EBOV is well tolerated and no adverse reaction of grade 3 or above was observed. 53 (86.89%) participants reported at least one adverse reaction within 28 d of vaccination. The most common reaction was fever and the mild pain at injection site, and there were no significant difference between these 2 groups. Ebola glycoprotein-specific antibodies appeared in all 61 participants and antibodies titers peaked after 28 d of vaccination. The geometric mean titres (GMTs) were similar between these 2 groups (1919.01 vs 1684.70 P = 0.5562). The glycoprotein-specific T-cell responses rapidly peaked after 14 d of vaccination and then decreased, however, the percentage of subjects with responses were much higher in the high-dose group (60.00% vs 9.68%, P = 0.0014). Pre-existing Ad5 neutralizing antibodies could significantly dampen the specific humoral immune response and cellular response to the vaccine. CONCLUSION The application of Ad5-EBOV demonstrated safe in Africans in China and a specific GP antibody and T-cell response could occur 14 d after the first immunization. This acceptable safety profile provides a reliable basis to proceed with trials in Africa.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Africa/epidemiology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- China
- Ebola Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Ebola Vaccines/adverse effects
- Ebola Vaccines/immunology
- Ebolavirus/immunology
- Female
- Fever/ethnology
- Healthy Volunteers
- Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/epidemiology
- Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/ethnology
- Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/immunology
- Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/prevention & control
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular
- Immunity, Humoral
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- Injections, Intramuscular
- Male
- Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology
- Middle Aged
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Vaccination
- Young Adult
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Wu
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
- b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- c Beijing Institute of Biotechnology , Haidian District, Beijing , China
| | - Hainv Gao
- b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
- d Zhejiang University International Hospital , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Yuhua Li
- e National Institutes for Food and Drug Control , Chongwen District, Beijing , China
| | - Lihua Hou
- c Beijing Institute of Biotechnology , Haidian District, Beijing , China
| | - Hangping Yao
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
- b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Shipo Wu
- c Beijing Institute of Biotechnology , Haidian District, Beijing , China
| | - Jian Liu
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
- b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Ling Wang
- e National Institutes for Food and Drug Control , Chongwen District, Beijing , China
| | - You Zhai
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
- b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Huilin Ou
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
- b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Meihua Lin
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
- b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Xiaoxin Wu
- b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
- d Zhejiang University International Hospital , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- e National Institutes for Food and Drug Control , Chongwen District, Beijing , China
| | - Guanjing Lang
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
- b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Qian Xin
- f The General Hospital of People's Liberation Army , Beijing , China
| | - Guolan Wu
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
- b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Li Luo
- g Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , School of Public Health, Southeast University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Pei Liu
- g Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , School of Public Health, Southeast University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Jianzhong Shentu
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
- b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Nanping Wu
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
- b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Jifang Sheng
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
- b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Yunqing Qiu
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
- b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Wei Chen
- c Beijing Institute of Biotechnology , Haidian District, Beijing , China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
- b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
- d Zhejiang University International Hospital , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Windows of opportunity for Ebola virus infection treatment and vaccination. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8975. [PMID: 28827623 PMCID: PMC5567060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08884-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV) infection causes a high death toll, killing a high proportion of EBOV-infected patients within 7 days. Comprehensive data on EBOV infection are fragmented, hampering efforts in developing therapeutics and vaccines against EBOV. Under this circumstance, mathematical models become valuable resources to explore potential controlling strategies. In this paper, we employed experimental data of EBOV-infected nonhuman primates (NHPs) to construct a mathematical framework for determining windows of opportunity for treatment and vaccination. Considering a prophylactic vaccine based on recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing the EBOV glycoprotein (rVSV-EBOV), vaccination could be protective if a subject is vaccinated during a period from one week to four months before infection. For the case of a therapeutic vaccine based on monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), a single dose might resolve the invasive EBOV replication even if it was administrated as late as four days after infection. Our mathematical models can be used as building blocks for evaluating therapeutic and vaccine modalities as well as for evaluating public health intervention strategies in outbreaks. Future laboratory experiments will help to validate and refine the estimates of the windows of opportunity proposed here.
Collapse
|
27
|
Lai CY, Strange DP, Wong TAS, Lehrer AT, Verma S. Ebola Virus Glycoprotein Induces an Innate Immune Response In vivo via TLR4. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1571. [PMID: 28861075 PMCID: PMC5562721 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV), a member of the Filoviridae family, causes the most severe form of viral hemorrhagic fever. Although no FDA licensed vaccine or treatment against Ebola virus disease (EVD) is currently available, Ebola virus glycoprotein (GP) is the major antigen used in all candidate Ebola vaccines. Recent reports of protection as quickly as within 6 days of administration of the rVSV-based vaccine expressing EBOV GP before robust humoral responses were generated suggests that the innate immune responses elicited early after vaccination may contribute to the protection. However, the innate immune responses induced by EBOV GP in the absence of viral vectors or adjuvants have not been fully characterized in vivo. Our recent studies demonstrated that immunization with highly purified recombinant GP in the absence of adjuvants induced a robust IgG response and partial protection against EBOV infection suggesting that GP alone can induce protective immunity. In this study we investigated the early immune response to purified EBOV GP alone in vitro and in vivo. We show that GP was efficiently internalized by antigen presenting cells and subsequently induced production of key inflammatory cytokines. In vivo, immunization of mice with EBOV GP triggered the production of key Th1 and Th2 innate immune cytokines and chemokines, which directly governed the recruitment of CD11b+ macrophages and CD11c+ dendritic cells to the draining lymph nodes (DLNs). Pre-treatment of mice with a TLR4 antagonist inhibited GP-induced cytokine production and recruitment of immune cells to the DLN. EBOV GP also upregulated the expression of costimulatory molecules in bone marrow derived macrophages suggesting its ability to enhance APC stimulatory capacity, which is critical for the induction of effective antigen-specific adaptive immunity. Collectively, these results provide the first in vivo evidence that early innate immune responses to EBOV GP are mediated via the TLR4 pathway and are able to modulate the innate-adaptive interface. These mechanistic insights into the adjuvant-like property of EBOV GP may help to develop a better understanding of how optimal prophylactic efficacy of EBOV vaccines can be achieved as well as further explore the potential post-exposure use of vaccines to prevent filoviral disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yun Lai
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at ManoaHonolulu, HI, United States
| | - Daniel P Strange
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at ManoaHonolulu, HI, United States
| | - Teri Ann S Wong
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at ManoaHonolulu, HI, United States
| | - Axel T Lehrer
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at ManoaHonolulu, HI, United States
| | - Saguna Verma
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at ManoaHonolulu, HI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bixler SL, Duplantier AJ, Bavari S. Discovering Drugs for the Treatment of Ebola Virus. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2017; 9:299-317. [PMID: 28890666 PMCID: PMC5570806 DOI: 10.1007/s40506-017-0130-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of review Ebola virus, a member of the Filoviridae family, is a causative agent of severe viral hemorrhagic fever in humans. Over the past 40 years, the virus has been linked to several high mortality outbreaks in Africa with the recent West African outbreak resulting in over 11,000 deaths. This review provides a summary of the status of the drug discovery and development process for therapeutics for Ebola virus disease, with a focus on the strategies being used and the challenges facing each stage of the process. Recent findings Despite the wealth of in vitro efficacy data, preclinical data in animal models, and human clinical data, no therapeutics have been approved for the treatment of Ebola virus disease. However, several promising candidates, such as ZMapp and GS-5734, have advanced into ongoing clinical trials. Summary The gravity of the 2014-2016 outbreak spurred a heightened effort to identify and develop new treatments for Ebola virus disease, including small molecules, immunotherapeutics, host factors, and clinical disease management options. Disclaimer Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endoresed by the U.S. Army.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra L Bixler
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
| | - Allen J Duplantier
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
| | - Sina Bavari
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chen T, Li D, Song Y, Yang X, Liu Q, Jin X, Zhou D, Huang Z. A heterologous prime-boost Ebola virus vaccine regimen induces durable neutralizing antibody response and prevents Ebola virus-like particle entry in mice. Antiviral Res 2017; 145:54-59. [PMID: 28733113 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV) is one of the most virulent pathogens known to humans. Neutralizing antibodies play a major role in the protection against EBOV infections. Thus, an EBOV vaccine capable of inducing a long-lasting neutralizing antibody response is highly desirable. We report here that a heterologous prime-boost vaccine regimen can elicit durable EBOV-neutralizing antibody response in mice. A chimpanzee serotype 7 adenovirus expressing EBOV GP (denoted AdC7-GP) was generated and used for priming. A truncated version of EBOV GP1 protein (denoted GP1t) was produced at high levels in Drosophila S2 cells and used for boosting. Mouse immunization studies showed that the AdC7-GP prime/GP1t boost vaccine regimen was more potent in eliciting neutralizing antibodies than either the AdC7-GP or GP1t alone. Neutralizing antibodies induced by the heterologous prime-boost regimen sustained at high titers for at least 18 weeks after immunization. Significantly, in vivo challenge studies revealed that the entry of reporter EBOV-like particles was efficiently blocked in mice receiving the heterologous prime-boost regimen even at 18 weeks after the final dose of immunization. These results suggest that this novel AdC7-GP prime/GP1t boost regimen represents an EBOV vaccine approach capable of establishing long-term protection, and therefore warrants further development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tan Chen
- Vaccinology Division, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Vaccinology Division, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yufeng Song
- Vaccinology Division, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Vaccinology Division, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qingwei Liu
- Vaccinology Division, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xia Jin
- Vaccinology Division, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Dongming Zhou
- Vaccinology Division, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Zhong Huang
- Vaccinology Division, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wu L, Zhang Z, Gao H, Li Y, Hou L, Yao H, Wu S, Liu J, Wang L, Zhai Y, Ou H, Lin M, Wu X, Liu J, Lang G, Xin Q, Wu G, Luo L, Liu P, Shentu J, Wu N, Sheng J, Qiu Y, Chen W, Li L. Open-label phase I clinical trial of Ad5-EBOV in Africans in China. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:2078-2085. [PMID: 28708962 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1342021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine the safety and immunogenicity of a novel recombinant adenovirus type 5 vector based Ebola virus disease vaccine (Ad5-EBOV) in Africans in China. METHODS A phase 1, dose-escalation, open-label trial was conducted. 61 healthy Africans were sequentially enrolled, with 31 participants receiving one shot intramuscular injection and 30 participants receiving a double-shot regimen. Primary and secondary end points related to safety and immunogenicity were assessed within 28 d after vaccination. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02401373). RESULTS Ad5-EBOV is well tolerated and no adverse reaction of grade 3 or above was observed. 53 (86.89%) participants reported at least one adverse reaction within 28 d of vaccination. The most common reaction was fever and the mild pain at injection site, and there were no significant difference between these 2 groups. Ebola glycoprotein-specific antibodies appeared in all 61 participants and antibodies titers peaked after 28 d of vaccination. The geometric mean titres (GMTs) were similar between these 2 groups (1919.01 vs 1684.70 P = 0.5562). The glycoprotein-specific T-cell responses rapidly peaked after 14 d of vaccination and then decreased, however, the percentage of subjects with responses were much higher in the high-dose group (60.00% vs 9.68%, P = 0.0014). Pre-existing Ad5 neutralizing antibodies could significantly dampen the specific humoral immune response and cellular response to the vaccine. CONCLUSION The application of Ad5-EBOV demonstrated safe in Africans in China and a specific GP antibody and T-cell response could occur 14 d after the first immunization. This acceptable safety profile provides a reliable basis to proceed with trials in Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Wu
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- c Beijing Institute of Biotechnology , Haidian District, Beijing , China
| | - Hainv Gao
- b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,d Zhejiang University International Hospital , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Yuhua Li
- e National Institutes for Food and Drug Control , Chongwen District, Beijing , China
| | - Lihua Hou
- c Beijing Institute of Biotechnology , Haidian District, Beijing , China
| | - Hangping Yao
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Shipo Wu
- c Beijing Institute of Biotechnology , Haidian District, Beijing , China
| | - Jian Liu
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Ling Wang
- e National Institutes for Food and Drug Control , Chongwen District, Beijing , China
| | - You Zhai
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Huilin Ou
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Meihua Lin
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Xiaoxin Wu
- b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,d Zhejiang University International Hospital , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- e National Institutes for Food and Drug Control , Chongwen District, Beijing , China
| | - Guanjing Lang
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Qian Xin
- f The General Hospital of People's Liberation Army , Beijing , China
| | - Guolan Wu
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Li Luo
- g Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , School of Public Health, Southeast University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Pei Liu
- g Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , School of Public Health, Southeast University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Jianzhong Shentu
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Nanping Wu
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Jifang Sheng
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Yunqing Qiu
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Wei Chen
- c Beijing Institute of Biotechnology , Haidian District, Beijing , China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- a The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,d Zhejiang University International Hospital , Xiacheng District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
More S, Bøtner A, Butterworth A, Calistri P, Depner K, Edwards S, Garin‐Bastuji B, Good M, Gortázar Schmidt C, Michel V, Miranda MA, Nielsen SS, Raj M, Sihvonen L, Spoolder H, Stegeman JA, Thulke H, Velarde A, Willeberg P, Winckler C, Baldinelli F, Broglia A, Beltrán Beck B, Kohnle L, Morgado J, Bicout D. Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): Ebola virus disease. EFSA J 2017; 15:e04890. [PMID: 32625555 PMCID: PMC7009972 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus disease has been assessed according to the criteria of the Animal Health Law (AHL), in particular criteria of Article 7 on disease profile and impacts, Article 5 on the eligibility of Ebola virus disease to be listed, Article 9 for the categorisation of Ebola virus disease according to disease prevention and control rules as in Annex IV and Article 8 on the list of animal species related to Ebola virus disease. The assessment has been performed following a methodology composed of information collection and compilation, expert judgement on each criterion at individual and, if no consensus was reached before, also at collective level. The output is composed of the categorical answer, and for the questions where no consensus was reached, the different supporting views are reported. Details on the methodology used for this assessment are explained in a separate opinion. According to the assessment performed, Ebola virus disease can be considered eligible to be listed for Union intervention as laid down in Article 5(3) of the AHL. The disease would comply with the criteria as in Sections 4 and 5 of Annex IV of the AHL, for the application of the disease prevention and control rules referred to in points (d) and (e) of Article 9(1). The animal species to be listed for Ebola virus disease according to Article 8(3) criteria are some species of non‐human primates, pigs and rodents as susceptible species and some species of fruit bats as reservoir, as indicated in the present opinion.
Collapse
|
32
|
Cooper CL, Martins KA, Stronsky SM, Langan DP, Steffens J, Van Tongeren S, Bavari S. T-cell-dependent mechanisms promote Ebola VLP-induced antibody responses, but are dispensable for vaccine-mediated protection. Emerg Microbes Infect 2017; 6:e46. [PMID: 28588288 PMCID: PMC5520308 DOI: 10.1038/emi.2017.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Humoral responses are essential for the protective efficacy of most Ebola virus (EBOV) candidate vaccines; however, the in vivo development of protective anti-EBOV B-cell responses is poorly defined. Here, by using the virus-like particle (VLP) as a model antigen, we demonstrate that humoral responses are generated through follicular B-cell and T-cell-dependent mechanisms in a mouse model of EBOV infection. In addition, we show that the inclusion of the clinical-grade dsRNA adjuvant known as poly-ICLC in VLP vaccinations both augments and sustains germinal center B-cell reactions, antigen-specific B-cell frequencies and anti-EBOV serum titers. Finally, we used mice that were deficient in either B-cells or T-cell-dependent antibody production to distinguish the contributing roles of EBOV humoral responses. We demonstrate that while anti-EBOV antibody responses promote protection, VLP-vaccinated mice can survive EBOV infection in the absence of detectable anti-EBOV antibodies. Moreover, we found that adjuvant signaling could circumvent the complete requirement for B-cell immunity in protection against EBOV. Collectively, these studies may prove valuable for the characterization and future development of additional EBOV vaccine candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L Cooper
- Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Karen A Martins
- Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Sabrina M Stronsky
- Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - David P Langan
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jesse Steffens
- Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Sean Van Tongeren
- Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Sina Bavari
- Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Iampietro M, Younan P, Nishida A, Dutta M, Lubaki NM, Santos RI, Koup RA, Katze MG, Bukreyev A. Ebola virus glycoprotein directly triggers T lymphocyte death despite of the lack of infection. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006397. [PMID: 28542576 PMCID: PMC5456411 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatal outcomes of Ebola virus (EBOV) infections are typically preceded by a 'sepsis-like' syndrome and lymphopenia despite T cells being resistant to Ebola infection. The mechanisms that lead to T lymphocytes death remain largely unknown; however, the degree of lymphopenia is highly correlative with fatalities. Here we investigated whether the addition of EBOV or its envelope glycoprotein (GP) to isolated primary human CD4+ T cells induced cell death. We observed a significant decrease in cell viability in a GP-dependent manner, which is suggestive of a direct role of GP in T cell death. Using immunoprecipitation assays and flow cytometry, we demonstrate that EBOV directly binds to CD4+ T cells through interaction of GP with TLR4. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the addition of EBOV to CD4+ T cells results in the significant upregulation of pathways associated with interferon signaling, pattern recognition receptors and intracellular activation of NFκB signaling pathway. Both transcriptome analysis and specific inhibitors allowed identification of apoptosis and necrosis as mechanisms associated with the observed T cell death following exposure to EBOV. The addition of the TLR4 inhibitor CLI-095 significantly reduced CD4+ T cell death induced by GP. EBOV stimulation of primary CD4+ T cells resulted in a significant increase in secreted TNFα; inhibition of TNFα-mediated signaling events significantly reduced T cell death while inhibitors of both necrosis and apoptosis similarly reduced EBOV-induced T cell death. Lastly, we show that stimulation with EBOV or GP augments monocyte maturation as determined by an overall increase in expression levels of markers of differentiation. Subsequently, the increased rates of cellular differentiation resulted in higher rates of infection further contributing to T cell death. These results demonstrate that GP directly subverts the host's immune response by increasing the susceptibility of monocytes to EBOV infection and triggering lymphopenia through direct and indirect mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Iampietro
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Patrick Younan
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Andrew Nishida
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Mukta Dutta
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Ndongala Michel Lubaki
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Rodrigo I. Santos
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Richard A. Koup
- Immunology Laboratory, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael G. Katze
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Alexander Bukreyev
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
The author reviews the foundation of the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness and Innovations and the choices it has made for funding of vaccine development against epidemic diseases. He comments on those decisions as well as proposing how CEPI could remain relevant for the long term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stanley A Plotkin
- a Emeritus Professor of Pediatrics , University of Pennsylvania ; Vaxconsult, Doylestown , PA , USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Rosales-Mendoza S, Nieto-Gómez R, Angulo C. A Perspective on the Development of Plant-Made Vaccines in the Fight against Ebola Virus. Front Immunol 2017; 8:252. [PMID: 28344580 PMCID: PMC5344899 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ebola virus (EBOV) epidemic indicated a great need for prophylactic and therapeutic strategies. The use of plants for the production of biopharmaceuticals is a concept being adopted by the pharmaceutical industry, with an enzyme for human use currently commercialized since 2012 and some plant-based vaccines close to being commercialized. Although plant-based antibodies against EBOV are under clinical evaluation, the development of plant-based vaccines against EBOV essentially remains an unexplored area. The current technologies for the production of plant-based vaccines include stable nuclear expression, transient expression mediated by viral vectors, and chloroplast expression. Specific perspectives on how these technologies can be applied for developing anti-EBOV vaccines are provided, including possibilities for the design of immunogens as well as the potential of the distinct expression modalities to produce the most relevant EBOV antigens in plants considering yields, posttranslational modifications, production time, and downstream processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí , Mexico
| | - Ricardo Nieto-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí , Mexico
| | - Carlos Angulo
- Grupo de Inmunología & Vacunología, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, SC. , La Paz, Baja California Sur , Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Liang J, Jangra RK, Bollinger L, Wada J, Radoshitzky SR, Chandran K, Jahrling PB, Kuhn JH, Jensen KS. Candidate medical countermeasures targeting Ebola virus cell entry. Future Virol 2017. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2016-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Medical countermeasures (MCMs) against virus infections ideally prevent the adsorption or entry of virions into target cells, thereby circumventing infection. Recent significant advances in elucidating the mechanism of Ebola virus (EBOV) host-cell penetration include the involvement of two-pore channels at the early stage of entry, and identification of cellular proteases for EBOV spike glycoprotein maturation and the intracellular EBOV receptor, Niemann–Pick type C1. This improved understanding of the initial steps of EBOV infection is now increasingly applied to rapid development of candidate MCMs, some of which have already entered the clinic. Candidate MCMs discussed include antibodies, small molecules and peptides that target various stages of the described EBOV cell-entry pathway. In this review, we summarize the currently known spectrum of EBOV cell-entry inhibitors, describe their mechanism of action and evaluate their potential for future development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janie Liang
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Rohit K Jangra
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Laura Bollinger
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Jiro Wada
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Sheli R Radoshitzky
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Kartik Chandran
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Peter B Jahrling
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Jens H Kuhn
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth S Jensen
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Li JX, Hou LH, Meng FY, Wu SP, Hu YM, Liang Q, Chu K, Zhang Z, Xu JJ, Tang R, Wang WJ, Liu P, Hu JL, Luo L, Jiang R, Zhu FC, Chen W. Immunity duration of a recombinant adenovirus type-5 vector-based Ebola vaccine and a homologous prime-boost immunisation in healthy adults in China: final report of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 trial. LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH 2017; 5:e324-e334. [DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(16)30367-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
38
|
Baseler L, Chertow DS, Johnson KM, Feldmann H, Morens DM. The Pathogenesis of Ebola Virus Disease. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2017; 12:387-418. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-052016-100506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Baseler
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Daniel S. Chertow
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Karl M. Johnson
- Founder, Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Placitas, New Mexico 87043
| | - Heinz Feldmann
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana 59840
| | - David M. Morens
- Office of the Director, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892;
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Two of the most important contemporary emerging viruses that affect human health in Africa are Ebola virus (EBOV) and Lassa virus (LASV). The 2013-2016 West African outbreak of EBOV was responsible for more than 11,000 deaths, primarily in Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia. LASV is constantly emerging in these and surrounding West African countries, with an estimate of more than 500,000 cases of Lassa fever, and approximately 5,000 deaths, annually. Both EBOV and LASV are zoonotic, and human infection often results in a severe haemorrhagic fever in both cases. However, the contribution of specific immune responses to disease differs between EBOV and LASV. This Review examines innate and adaptive immune responses to these viruses with the goal of delineating responses that are associated with protective versus pathogenic outcomes.
Collapse
|
40
|
Affiliation(s)
- Keith J. Chappell
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
- * E-mail: (KJC); (DW)
| | - Daniel Watterson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
- * E-mail: (KJC); (DW)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
[Overview of the Ebola vaccines in pre-clinical and clinical development]. BULLETIN DE LA SOCIETE DE PATHOLOGIE EXOTIQUE (1990) 2016; 109:256-261. [PMID: 27646961 DOI: 10.1007/s13149-016-0521-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The Ebola epidemic that occurred in West Africa between 2013-2016 significantly accelerated the research and development of Ebola vaccines. Few dozens of clinical trials have been recently conducted leading to opportunities to test several new vaccine candidates. Other vaccines are still in early development phases (table 1). This paper provides an overview of the new developments in that area.
Collapse
|