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Changes in PGC-1α-Dependent Mitochondrial Biogenesis Are Associated with Inflexible Hepatic Energy Metabolism in the Offspring Born to Dexamethasone-Treated Mothers. LIVERS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/livers1040016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study we investigated the participation of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) in the metabolic programming of newborn rats exposed in utero to dexamethasone (DEX). On the 21st day of life, fasted offspring born to DEX-treated mothers displayed increased conversion of pyruvate into glucose with simultaneous upregulation of PEPCK (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase) and G6Pase (glucose-6-phosphatase). Increased oxidative phosphorylation, higher ATP/ADP ratio and mitochondrial biogenesis and lower pyruvate levels were also found in the progeny of DEX-treated mothers. On the other hand, the 21-day-old progeny of DEX-treated mothers had increased hepatic triglycerides (TAG) and lower CPT-1 activity when subjected to short-term fasting. At the mechanistic level, rats exposed in utero to DEX exhibited increased hepatic PGC-1α protein content with lower miR-29a-c expression. Increased PGC-1α content was concurrent with increased association to HNF-4α and NRF1 and reduced PPARα expression. The data presented herein reveal that changes in the transcription machinery in neonatal liver of rats born to DEX-treated mothers leads to an inflexible metabolic response to fasting. Such programming is hallmarked by increased oxidative phosphorylation of pyruvate with impaired FFA oxidation and hepatic TAG accumulation.
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Jeje SO, Adegbite LO, Akindele OO, Kunle-Alabi OT, Raji Y. Allium cepa Linn juice protect against alterations in reproductive functions induced by maternal dexamethsone treatment during lactation in male offspring of Wistar rats. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03872. [PMID: 32395653 PMCID: PMC7205748 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment with dams with dexamethasone during lactation has been reported to induce oxidative stress in the testis of the offspring. Allium cepa L (Red Onion) is known to be a potent free radical scavenger. The protective role of Allium cepa against oxidative stress induced in testis following treatment with dexamehasone during lactation in Wistar rats was assessed. Twenty female rats were assigned into four groups (n = 5) during lactation and they were treated as follows: Group 1 serve as Control (distilled water), Group 2, 3, and four were admistered dexamethasone (60 μg/kg), Allium cepa (5 ml/kg) and dexamethasone + Allium cepa respectively. Testicular descent, pubertal age, sperm quality indices, and serum hormonal profile were assessed as indices of reproductive function. Testicular malondialdehyde (MDA) reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities were assessed as measures of oxidative stress. Results obtained showed that dexamethasone caused significant (P < 0.05) reduction in testes weights, indices of sperm quality, serum testosterone, FSH, LH levels and testicular antioxidant enzyme activities. There was significant delay (P < 0.05) in days of testes descent, preputial separation and increase in testicular MDA. However, maternal treatment with Allium cepa Linn juice significantly (P < 0.05) improved both indices of reproductive function and testicular antioxidant enzymes. These findings suggest that Allium cepa Linn has a protective effect against testicular oxidative stress and reproductive dysfunction following treatment of dams with dexamethasone during lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Jeje
- Laboratory for Reproductive Physiology and Developmental Programming, Department of Physiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Physiology, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, AKure, Nigeria
| | - L O Adegbite
- Laboratory for Reproductive Physiology and Developmental Programming, Department of Physiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - O O Akindele
- Laboratory for Reproductive Physiology and Developmental Programming, Department of Physiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - O T Kunle-Alabi
- Laboratory for Reproductive Physiology and Developmental Programming, Department of Physiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Y Raji
- Laboratory for Reproductive Physiology and Developmental Programming, Department of Physiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Thevathasan I, Said JM. Controversies in antenatal corticosteroid treatment. Prenat Diagn 2020; 40:1138-1149. [PMID: 32157719 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Antenatal corticosteroids are now established as one of the cornerstones of therapy in the prevention of neonatal morbidity and mortality prior to preterm birth. Although this practice is widely accepted, a significant number of controversies exist. This review explores the knowledge gaps regarding the use of antenatal corticosteroids in the preterm, late preterm and term populations. Furthermore, the role of antenatal corticosteroids in special populations, such as diabetes, multiple pregnancies and periviable gestations, where high-quality data from randomized controlled trials are lacking, is also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iniyaval Thevathasan
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, Joan Kirner Women's & Children's Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanne M Said
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, Joan Kirner Women's & Children's Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Jiang X, Ma H, Li C, Cao Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Effects of neonatal dexamethasone administration on cardiac recovery ability under ischemia-reperfusion in 24-wk-old rats. Pediatr Res 2016; 80:128-35. [PMID: 26991264 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2016.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluations of stress-induced cardiac functional alterations in adults after neonatal glucocorticoid (GC) treatment have been limited. In the present study, we evaluated adult cardiac functional recovery during postischemic reperfusion and measured cardiac gene expression involved energy metabolism in rats neonatally treated with dexamethasone (DEX). METHOD Male Wistar rats were injected DEX in first 3 d after birth and controls were received saline (SAL). At 24 wk of age, insulin tolerance tests were performed, plasma lipid levels were measured, and left ventricular function and myocardial infarct size were evaluated. Expressions of genes involved in cardiac energy metabolism were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot. RESULTS In 24-wk-old rats, neonatal DEX administration caused dyslipidemia, impaired cardiac recovery function and increased size of infarction, decreased cardiac expression of glucose transporter 4(GLUT4), peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) and ratios of phospho-forkhead box O1/forkhead box O1 (p-FoxO1/FoxO1) and phospho AMP-activated protein kinase/AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK/AMPK) but increased pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoenzyme 4 (PDK4) expression compared with controls. CONCLUSION Neonatal DEX administration impairs cardiac functional recovery during reperfusion following ischemia in 24-wk-old rats. Reduced cardiac glucose utilization may contribute to the long-term detrimental effects caused by neonatal DEX treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huijie Ma
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chunguang Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yue Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Boersma GJ, Tamashiro KL. Individual differences in the effects of prenatal stress exposure in rodents. Neurobiol Stress 2015; 1:100-8. [PMID: 27589662 PMCID: PMC4721332 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to prenatal stress alters the phenotype of the offspring in adulthood. When the prenatal and adult environments do not match, these alterations may induce pathology risk. There are, however, large individual differences in the effects of prenatal stress. While some individuals seem vulnerable, others appear to be relatively resistant to its effects. In this review we discuss potential mechanisms underlying these individual differences with a focus on animal models. Differences between rodent models selected for stress coping traits are discussed. In addition, the role of circulating factors, like glucocorticoids and cytokines, factors involved in brain development and influences of epigenetic and genetic factors in prenatal stress induced phenotype are covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretha J. Boersma
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Abstract
Since their introduction more than forty years ago, antenatal glucocorticoids have become a cornerstone in the management of preterm birth and have been responsible for substantial reductions in neonatal mortality and morbidity. Clinical trials conducted over the past decade have shown that these benefits may be increased further through administration of repeat doses of antenatal glucocorticoids in women at ongoing risk of preterm and in those undergoing elective cesarean at term. At the same time, a growing body of experimental animal evidence and observational data in humans has linked fetal overexposure to maternal glucocorticoids with increased risk of cardiovascular, metabolic and other disorders in later life. Despite these concerns, and somewhat surprisingly, there has been little evidence to date from randomized trials of longer-term harm from clinical doses of synthetic glucocorticoids. However, with wider clinical application of antenatal glucocorticoid therapy there has been greater need to consider the potential for later adverse effects. This paper reviews current evidence for the short- and long-term health effects of antenatal glucocorticoids and discusses the apparent discrepancy between data from randomized clinical trials and other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alois Gessl
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Haviland JA, Tonelli M, Haughey DT, Porter WP, Assadi-Porter FM. Novel diagnostics of metabolic dysfunction detected in breath and plasma by selective isotope-assisted labeling. Metabolism 2012; 61:1162-70. [PMID: 22304834 PMCID: PMC3346854 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2011.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is the study of a unique fingerprint of small molecules present in biological systems under healthy and disease conditions. One of the major challenges in metabolomics is validation of fingerprint molecules to identify specifically perturbed pathways in metabolic aberrations. This step is crucial to the understanding of budding metabolic pathologies and the ability to identify early indicators of common diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, and cancer. We present a novel approach to diagnosing aberrations in glucose utilization including metabolic pathway switching in a disease state. We used a well-defined prenatally exposed glucocorticoid mouse model that results in adult females with metabolic dysfunction. We applied the complementary technologies of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and cavity ring-down spectroscopy to analyze serial plasma samples and real-time breath measurements following selective (13)C-isotope-assisted labeling. These platforms allowed us to trace metabolic markers in whole animals and identify key metabolic pathway switching in prenatally glucocorticoid-treated animals. Total glucose flux is significantly proportionally increased through the major oxidative pathways of glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway in the prenatally glucocorticoid-treated animals relative to the control animals. This novel diagnostics approach is fast, noninvasive, and sensitive for determining specific pathway utilization, and provides a direct translational application in the health care field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A. Haviland
- Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 250 N. Mills Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Marco Tonelli
- National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Dermot T. Haughey
- Department of Biochemistry, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Warren P. Porter
- Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 250 N. Mills Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Fariba M. Assadi-Porter
- National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Biochemistry and NMR Facility at Madison, 433 Babcock Dr., Madison, Wisconsin, 53706. . Phone: (608) 261-1167Fax: (608) 262-3453
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Abstract
Intrahepatic cholestasis (ICP) of pregnancy is a disease that is likely multifactorial in etiology and has a prevalence that varies by geography and ethnicity. The diagnosis is made when patients have a combination of pruritus and abnormal liver-function tests. It is associated with a high risk for adverse perinatal outcome, including preterm birth, meconium passage, and fetal death. As of yet, the cause for fetal death is unknown. Because fetal deaths caused by ICP appear to occur predominantly after 37 weeks, it is suggested to offer delivery at approximately 37 weeks. Ursodeoxycholic acid appears to be the most effective medication to improve maternal pruritus and liver-function tests; however, there is no medication to date that has been shown to reduce the risk for fetal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuvan Pathak
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, 2020 Zonal Avenue, IRD, Room 203, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Staging perspectives in neurodevelopmental aspects of neuropsychiatry: agents, phases and ages at expression. Neurotox Res 2010; 18:287-305. [PMID: 20237881 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-010-9162-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2010] [Revised: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental risk factors have assumed a critical role in prevailing notions concerning the etiopathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders. Staging, diagnostic elements at which phase of disease is determined, provides a means of conceptualizing the degree and extent of factors affecting brain development trajectories, but is concurrently specified through the particular interactions of genes and environment unique to each individual case. For present purposes, staging perspectives in neurodevelopmental aspects of the disease processes are considered from conditions giving rise to neurodevelopmental staging in affective states, adolescence, dopamine disease states, and autism spectrum disorders. Three major aspects influencing the eventual course of individual developmental trajectories appear to possess an essential determinant influence upon outcome: (i) the type of agent that interferes with brain development, whether chemical, immune system activating or absent (anoxia/hypoxia), (ii) the phase of brain development at which the agent exerts disruption, whether prenatal, postnatal, or adolescent, and (iii) the age of expression of structural and functional abnormalities. Clinical staging may be assumed at any or each developmental phase. The present perspective offers both a challenge to bring further order to diagnosis, intervention, and prognosis and a statement regarding the extreme complexities and interwoven intricacies of epigenetic factors, biomarkers, and neurobehavioral entities that aggravate currents notions of the neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Adigun AA, Wrench N, Seidler FJ, Slotkin TA. Neonatal dexamethasone treatment leads to alterations in cell signaling cascades controlling hepatic and cardiac function in adulthood. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2009; 32:193-9. [PMID: 19853034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2009.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2009] [Revised: 10/13/2009] [Accepted: 10/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that early-life glucocorticoid exposure, either involving stress or the therapy of preterm labor, contributes to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in adulthood. We investigated cellular mechanisms underlying these effects by administering dexamethasone (DEX) to neonatal rats on postnatal (PN) days 1-3 or 7-9, using doses spanning the threshold for somatic growth impairment: 0.05, 0.2 and 0.8 mg/kg. In adulthood, we assessed the effects on hepatic and cardiac cell function mediated through the adenylyl cyclase (AC) signaling cascade, which controls neuronal and hormonal inputs that regulate hepatic glucose metabolism and cardiac contractility. Treatment on PN1-3 produced heterologous sensitization of hepatic signaling, with upregulation of AC itself leading to parallel increases in the responses to beta-adrenergic or glucagon receptor stimulation, or to activation of G-proteins by fluoride. The effects were seen at the lowest dose but increasing DEX past the point of somatic growth impairment led to loss of the effect in females. Nonmonotonic effects were also present in the heart, where males showed AC sensitization at the lowest dose, with decreasing effects as the dose was raised; females showed progressive deficits of cardiac AC activity. Shifting the exposure to PN7-9 still elicited AC sensitization but with a greater offsetting contribution at the higher doses. Our findings show that, in contrast to growth restriction, the glucocorticoids associated with stress or the therapy of preterm labor are more sensitive and more important contributors to the cellular abnormalities underlying subsequent metabolic and cardiovascular dysfunction.
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MESH Headings
- Adenosine Triphosphate/biosynthesis
- Adenylyl Cyclases/drug effects
- Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Dexamethasone/toxicity
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Administration Schedule
- Female
- GTP-Binding Proteins/drug effects
- GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Glucocorticoids/toxicity
- Glucose/metabolism
- Heart/drug effects
- Heart/physiopathology
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/metabolism
- Liver/physiopathology
- Male
- Pregnancy
- Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/etiology
- Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/drug effects
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/metabolism
- Receptors, Glucagon/drug effects
- Receptors, Glucagon/metabolism
- Sex Characteristics
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- Stress, Psychological/complications
- Stress, Psychological/metabolism
- Stress, Psychological/physiopathology
- Time
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Affiliation(s)
- Abayomi A Adigun
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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