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Manca V, Chianese A, Palmas V, Etzi F, Zannella C, Moi D, Secci F, Serreli G, Sarais G, Morone MV, Galdiero M, Onnis V, Manzin A, Sanna G. Exploring the Antiviral Potential of Esters of Cinnamic Acids with Quercetin. Viruses 2024; 16:665. [PMID: 38793547 PMCID: PMC11125646 DOI: 10.3390/v16050665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected more than 762 million people to date and has caused approximately 7 million deaths all around the world, involving more than 187 countries. Although currently available vaccines show high efficacy in preventing severe respiratory complications in infected patients, the high number of mutations in the S proteins of the current variants is responsible for the high level of immune evasion and transmissibility of the virus and the reduced effectiveness of acquired immunity. In this scenario, the development of safe and effective drugs of synthetic or natural origin to suppress viral replication and treat acute forms of COVID-19 remains a valid therapeutic challenge. Given the successful history of flavonoids-based drug discovery, we developed esters of substituted cinnamic acids with quercetin to evaluate their in vitro activity against a broad spectrum of Coronaviruses. Interestingly, two derivatives, the 3,4-methylenedioxy 6 and the ester of acid 7, have proved to be effective in reducing OC43-induced cytopathogenicity, showing interesting EC50s profiles. The ester of synaptic acid 7 in particular, which is not endowed with relevant cytotoxicity under any of the tested conditions, turned out to be active against OC43 and SARS-CoV-2, showing a promising EC50. Therefore, said compound was selected as the lead object of further analysis. When tested in a yield reduction, assay 7 produced a significant dose-dependent reduction in viral titer. However, the compound was not virucidal, as exposure to high concentrations of it did not affect viral infectivity, nor did it affect hCoV-OC43 penetration into pre-treated host cells. Additional studies on the action mechanism have suggested that our derivative may inhibit viral endocytosis by reducing viral attachment to host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Manca
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (V.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Annalisa Chianese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Study of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.C.); (C.Z.); (M.V.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Vanessa Palmas
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (V.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Federica Etzi
- Biology and Genetic Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
| | - Carla Zannella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Study of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.C.); (C.Z.); (M.V.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Davide Moi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (D.M.); (G.S.); (V.O.)
| | - Francesco Secci
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
| | - Gabriele Serreli
- Pathology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
| | - Giorgia Sarais
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (D.M.); (G.S.); (V.O.)
| | - Maria Vittoria Morone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Study of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.C.); (C.Z.); (M.V.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Study of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.C.); (C.Z.); (M.V.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Valentina Onnis
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (D.M.); (G.S.); (V.O.)
| | - Aldo Manzin
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (V.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Giuseppina Sanna
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (V.P.); (A.M.)
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Ibba R, Corona P, Nonne F, Caria P, Serreli G, Palmas V, Riu F, Sestito S, Nieddu M, Loddo R, Sanna G, Piras S, Carta A. Design, Synthesis, and Antiviral Activities of New Benzotriazole-Based Derivatives. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030429. [PMID: 36986528 PMCID: PMC10054465 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Several human diseases are caused by enteroviruses and are currently clinically untreatable, pushing the research to identify new antivirals. A notable number of benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1(2)-yl derivatives were designed, synthesized, and in vitro evaluated for cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against a wide spectrum of RNA positive- and negative-sense viruses. Five of them (11b, 18e, 41a, 43a, 99b) emerged for their selective antiviral activity against Coxsackievirus B5, a human enteroviruses member among the Picornaviridae family. The EC50 values ranged between 6 and 18.5 μM. Among all derivatives, compounds 18e and 43a were interestingly active against CVB5 and were selected to better define the safety profile on cell monolayers by transepithelial resistance test (TEER). Results indicated compound 18e as the hit compound to investigate the potential mechanism of action by apoptosis assay, virucidal activity test, and the time of addition assay. CVB5 is known to be cytotoxic by inducing apoptosis in infected cells; in this study, compound 18e was proved to protect cells from viral infection. Notably, cells were mostly protected when pre-treated with derivative 18e, which had, however, no virucidal activity. From the performed biological assays, compound 18e turned out to be non-cytotoxic as well as cell protective against CVB5 infection, with a mechanism of action ascribable to an interaction on the early phase of infection, by hijacking the viral attachment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Ibba
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni, 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.I.); (P.C.); (F.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Paola Corona
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni, 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.I.); (P.C.); (F.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Francesca Nonne
- GSK Vaccine Institute for Global Health GSK, Via Fiorentina, 1, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Paola Caria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (P.C.); (G.S.); (V.P.); (R.L.)
| | - Gabriele Serreli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (P.C.); (G.S.); (V.P.); (R.L.)
| | - Vanessa Palmas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (P.C.); (G.S.); (V.P.); (R.L.)
| | - Federico Riu
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni, 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.I.); (P.C.); (F.R.); (M.N.)
- Department of Chemistry, Biomedicinskt Centrum, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Simona Sestito
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Maria Nieddu
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni, 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.I.); (P.C.); (F.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Roberta Loddo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (P.C.); (G.S.); (V.P.); (R.L.)
| | - Giuseppina Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (P.C.); (G.S.); (V.P.); (R.L.)
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Sandra Piras
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni, 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.I.); (P.C.); (F.R.); (M.N.)
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Antonio Carta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni, 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.I.); (P.C.); (F.R.); (M.N.)
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Duraisamy GS, Jo E, Huvarova I, Park KHP, Heger Z, Adam V, Růžek D, Windisch MP, Miller AD. Selected ginsenosides interfere efficiently with hepatitis B virus mRNA expression levels and suppress viral surface antigen secretion. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10465. [PMID: 36110238 PMCID: PMC9468399 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginsenosides are a class of natural steroid glycosides and triterpene saponins found in Panax ginseng. After screening of a commercial ginsenoside compound library for low cellular cytotoxicity and the ability to mediate efficient reductions in hepatitis B virus (HBV) mRNA expression levels in HepG2.2.15 cells, three ginsenosides (Rg6, Rh4, and Rb3) are selected. Thereafter, using the same cellular model, all three ginsenosides are shown to mediate efficient, selective inhibition of HBV mRNA expression levels, and also interfere with the secretion of both HBV particles and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Drug combination studies are performed in both HepG2.2.15 and HBV-infected HepG2-NTCPsec+ cell models with the selected ginsenosides and lamivudine (LMV), a nucleoside analogue used to treat chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infections. These studies, involving RT-qPCR and ELISA, suggest that Rh4/LMV combinations in particular act synergistically to inhibit the secretion of HBV particles and HBsAg. Therefore, on the assumption that appropriate in vivo data are in future agreement, Rh4, in particular, might be used in combination with nucleoside/nucleotide analogues (NUCs) to devise an effective, cost-efficient combination therapy for the treatment of patients with CHB infections.
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Suleimen YM, Jose RA, Suleimen RN, Ishmuratova MY, Toppet S, Dehaen W, Alsfouk AA, Elkaeed EB, Eissa IH, Metwaly AM. Isolation and In Silico SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibition Potential of Jusan Coumarin, a New Dicoumarin from Artemisia glauca. Molecules 2022; 27:2281. [PMID: 35408682 PMCID: PMC9000794 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A new dicoumarin, jusan coumarin, (1), has been isolated from Artemisia glauca aerial parts. The chemical structure of jusan coumarin was estimated, by 1D, 2D NMR as well as HR-Ms spectroscopic methods, to be 7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-3-[(2-oxo-2H-chromen-6-yl)oxy]-2H-chromen-2-one. As the first time to be introduced in nature, its potential against SARS-CoV-2 has been estimated using various in silico methods. Molecular similarity and fingerprints experiments have been utilized for 1 against nine co-crystallized ligands of COVID-19 vital proteins. The results declared a great similarity between Jusan Coumarin and X77, the ligand of COVID-19 main protease (PDB ID: 6W63), Mpro. To authenticate the obtained outputs, a DFT experiment was achieved to confirm the similarity of X77 and 1. Consequently, 1 was docked against Mpro. The results clarified that 1 bonded in a correct way inside Mpro active site, with a binding energy of -18.45 kcal/mol. Furthermore, the ADMET and toxicity profiles of 1 were evaluated and showed the safety of 1 and its likeness to be a drug. Finally, to confirm the binding and understand the thermodynamic characters between 1 and Mpro, several molecular dynamics (MD) simulations studies have been administered. Additionally, the known coumarin derivative, 7-isopentenyloxycoumarin (2), has been isolated as well as β-sitosterol (3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yerlan M. Suleimen
- The International Centre for Interdisciplinary Solutions on Antibiotics and Secondary Metabolites, Republican Collection of Microorganisms, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan;
- The Laboratory of Engineering Profile of NMR Spectroscopy, Sh. Ualikhanov Kokshetau University, Kokshetau 020000, Kazakhstan
| | - Rani A. Jose
- Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Catholic University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (R.A.J.); (S.T.); (W.D.)
- Department of Chemistry, St. Dominic’s College, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kanjirappally 686512, India
| | - Raigul N. Suleimen
- Department of Technical Physics, Faculty of Physics and Technology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan 010010, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Suzanne Toppet
- Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Catholic University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (R.A.J.); (S.T.); (W.D.)
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Catholic University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (R.A.J.); (S.T.); (W.D.)
| | - Aisha A. Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Eslam B. Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ibrahim H. Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed M. Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Biopharmaceutical Product Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
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Facilitating Conservation and Bridging Gaps for the Sustainable Exploitation of the Tunisian Local Endemic Plant Marrubium aschersonii (Lamiaceae). SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14031637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
In the frame of conservation and sustainable utilization of neglected and underutilized phytogenetic resources, this study produced for the first time a detailed ecological profiling for the local Tunisian endemic Marrubium ascheronii (Lamiaceae) using Geographical Information Systems and open-source data. This profile was used to illustrate the abiotic environmental conditions of its wild habitats; the profile facilitated the examination of the effect of temperature on its seed germination and may inform species-specific guidelines for its cultivation in man-made environments. With effective seed propagation firstly reported herein (68.75% at 20 °C), species-specific in situ conservation efforts and ex situ conservation or sustainable exploitation strategies were enabled for M. aschersonii. The first-reported molecular authentication (DNA barcoding) of M. aschersonii may facilitate its traceability, allowing for product design. This study also reports for the first time the effects of chemical and integrated nutrient management (INM) fertilizers on the growth and pilot cultivation of M. aschersonii seedlings, with the latter being advantageous. This multidisciplinary approach has bridged important research gaps that hindered the conservation efforts and/or the sustainable exploitation for this local endemic plant of Tunisia. Based on all the above, we re-evaluated and updated the feasibility and readiness timescale for sustainable exploitation of M. aschersonii in the medicinal-cosmetic, agro-alimentary and ornamental-horticultural sectors.
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Thomas E, Stewart LE, Darley BA, Pham AM, Esteban I, Panda SS. Plant-Based Natural Products and Extracts: Potential Source to Develop New Antiviral Drug Candidates. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206197. [PMID: 34684782 PMCID: PMC8537559 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections are among the most complex medical problems and have been a major threat to the economy and global health. Several epidemics and pandemics have occurred due to viruses, which has led to a significant increase in mortality and morbidity rates. Natural products have always been an inspiration and source for new drug development because of their various uses. Among all-natural sources, plant sources are the most dominant for the discovery of new therapeutic agents due to their chemical and structural diversity. Despite the traditional use and potential source for drug development, natural products have gained little attention from large pharmaceutical industries. Several plant extracts and isolated compounds have been extensively studied and explored for antiviral properties against different strains of viruses. In this review, we have compiled antiviral plant extracts and natural products isolated from plants reported since 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Siva S. Panda
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +1-706-667-4022; Fax: +1-706-667-4519
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Khouchlaa A, El Menyiy N, Guaouguaou FE, El Baaboua A, Charfi S, Lakhdar F, El Omari N, Taha D, Shariati MA, Rebezov M, El-Shazly M, Bouyahya A. Ethnomedicinal use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of Daphne gnidium: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 275:114124. [PMID: 33865924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Daphne gnidium L., (Lazaz or Metnan) is a perennial plant that grows around the Mediterranean basin, in Southern Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. It is used in different countries for hair care and to treat several diseases including skin cancer, diabetes, nervous breakdowns, sinusitis, poisoning, rheumatic disorders, odontalgia, muscular pain, and gastrointestinal infections. It is also used as anti-inflammatory, insecticide, and anti-parasitic remedy. AIM OF THE REVIEW In this review, previous studies on D. gnidium including its botanical description, taxonomy, geographical distribution, medicinal use, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties were critically highlighted and discussed for suggesting the exploration of this specie and its bioactive compounds in medical applications. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data on D. gnidium were gathered from Scientific search engines including PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Web of Science, Scopus, Wiley Online, SciFinder, and Google Scholar. Reports on D. gnidium written in English published before September 2020 were summarized. RESULTS In traditional medicine, D. gnidium is used to treat diabetes, gastrointestinal infections, skin cancer, nervous breakdowns, and sinusitis. The extracts and essential oil of D. gnidium exhibited several biological properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antigenotoxic, hemolytic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, allelopathic, and insecticidal effects. Phytochemical investigations identified several chemical classes of secondary metabolites in D. gnidium essential oil and extracts including terpenoids, coumarins, flavonoids, fatty acids, and alkanes. CONCLUSIONS The findings presented in this study showed a link between the traditional medicinal use and scientific biological results about D. gnidium. However, further investigations should be carried out to support medical and cosmetic applications of this species. Indeed, D. gnidium and its main compounds should be confirmed concerning their safety and their bioavailability. Moreover, pharmacodynamic studies should be conducted to support their efficacy in medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Khouchlaa
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Fatima-Ezzahrae Guaouguaou
- Mohammed V University in Rabat, LPCMIO, Materials Science Center (MSC), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Aicha El Baaboua
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek-Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Saoulajan Charfi
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Fatima Lakhdar
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, BP 20, El Jadida 24000, Morocco.
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Douae Taha
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie, Modélisation Moléculaire, Matériaux, Nanomatériaux, Eau et Environnement, CERNE2D, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Department of Technology of Food Production, K.G. Razumoysky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University) 109004, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Maksim Rebezov
- V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian, Academy of Sciences, 109029, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt.
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
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Ibba R, Piras S, Corona P, Riu F, Loddo R, Delogu I, Collu G, Sanna G, Caria P, Dettori T, Carta A. Synthesis, Antitumor and Antiviral In Vitro Activities of New Benzotriazole-Dicarboxamide Derivatives. Front Chem 2021; 9:660424. [PMID: 34017818 PMCID: PMC8129498 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.660424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer and viral infections continue to threaten humankind causing death worldwide. Hence, the discovery of new anticancer and antiviral agents still represents a major scientific goal. Heterocycles designed to mimic the chemical structure of natural pyrimidines and purines have been designed over the years, exerting their activity acting as false substrates on several different targets. We reported a series of bis-benzotriazole-dicarboxamide derivatives which inhibit viral helicase of poliovirus, and hence we planned structure modifications to obtain different series of new dicarboxamides. Here, the synthesis and characterization of 56 new compounds: 31 bis-benzotriazole dicarboxamides and 25 mono-substituted acidic derivatives are reported. The synthesized compounds were tested for their antiviral and antitumor activity. Mostly, compounds 4a, 4c and 4d showed antiviral activity against tested Picornaviruses, Coxsackievirus B5 and Poliovirus-1. Likewise, four derivatives (3b, 3d, 4d, 9b) showed notable antiproliferative activity inhibiting cell growth in two distinct antitumor screenings. Compound 3b was selected as the antitumor lead compound for the wide range of activity and the potency proved. The lead compound was proved to induce apoptosis in SK-MES1 tumor cells, in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Ibba
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Sandra Piras
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Paola Corona
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Federico Riu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberta Loddo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Ilenia Delogu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gabriella Collu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paola Caria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Biology and Genetics, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Tinuccia Dettori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Biology and Genetics, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Carta
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Piras S, Corona P, Ibba R, Riu F, Murineddu G, Sanna G, Madeddu S, Delogu I, Loddo R, Carta A. Preliminary Anti-Coxsackie Activity of Novel 1-[4-(5,6-dimethyl(H)- 1H(2H)-benzotriazol-1(2)-yl)phenyl]-3-alkyl(aryl)ureas. Med Chem 2021; 16:677-688. [PMID: 31878859 DOI: 10.2174/1573406416666191226142744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coxsackievirus infections are associated with cases of aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, myocarditis, and some chronic disease. METHODS A series of benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1(2)-yl derivatives (here named benzotriazol-1(2)-yl) (4a-i, 5a-h, 6a-e, g, i, j and 7a-f, h-j) were designed, synthesized and in vitro evaluated for cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against two important human enteroviruses (HEVs) members of the Picornaviridae family [Coxsackievirus B 5 (CVB-5) and Poliovirus 1 (Sb-1)]. RESULTS Compounds 4c (CC50 >100 μM; EC50 = 9 μM), 5g (CC50 >100 μM; EC50 = 8 μM), and 6a (CC50 >100 μM; EC50 = 10 μM) were found active against CVB-5. With the aim of evaluating the selectivity of action of this class of compounds, a wide spectrum of RNA (positive- and negativesense), double-stranded (dsRNA) or DNA viruses were also assayed. For none of them, significant antiviral activity was determined. CONCLUSION These results point towards a selective activity against CVB-5, an important human pathogen that causes both acute and chronic diseases in infants, young children, and immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Piras
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni, 23, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Paola Corona
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni, 23, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberta Ibba
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni, 23, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Federico Riu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni, 23, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Gabriele Murineddu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni, 23, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Silvia Madeddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Ilenia Delogu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Roberta Loddo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Antonio Carta
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni, 23, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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10
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Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV): A Preliminary Study on Antiviral Properties of Some Aromatic and Medicinal Plants. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10040403. [PMID: 33805453 PMCID: PMC8066157 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10040403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant products provide an alternative and successful source of lead compounds for the pharmaceutical industry. The present study was aimed to evaluate, in cell-based assays, the antiviral properties of essential oils obtained from plants that commonly grow in Sardinia, Italy, against a broad spectrum of RNA/DNA viruses. The essential oils of Helichrisumitalicum (Roth) G. Don ssp. microphyllum (Willd.) Nyman, Laurus nobilis L., Mirtuscommunis L., Pistacia lentiscus L., Salvia officinalis L., Saturejathymbra L., Lavandula angustifolia Mill., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., and Eucalyptus globulus Labill. were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Interestingly, the essential oil of Salvia officinalis showed moderate activity against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), an enveloped RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family. BVDV is responsible for several clinical manifestations in bovines, including respiratory, gastroenteric, and reproductive diseases, with a significant economic impact. With the aim to individuate the constituent of the Salvia officinalis responsible for the biological activity, we tested the major components of the oil: camphene, β-pinene, limonene, 1,8-cineole, cis-thujone, camphor, (E)-caryophyllene, and α-humulene. Here, we describe α-humulene as an active component that is non-cytotoxic and active against BVDV (EC50 = 36 µM). Its antiviral effects were evaluated using virucidal cytopathic effect inhibition and viral yield reduction assays. This is the first scientific report showing the anti BVDV effects of Salvia officinalis essential oil and α-humulene as the main active component.
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11
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Sanna G, Madeddu S, Murgia G, Serreli G, Begala M, Caboni P, Incani A, Franci G, Galdiero M, Giliberti G. Potent and Selective Activity against Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) of Thymelaea hirsuta Extracts. Viruses 2020; 12:v12060664. [PMID: 32575585 PMCID: PMC7354558 DOI: 10.3390/v12060664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, natural products have been the most successful source of inspiration for the development of new drugs. Members of the Thymelaeaceae family have been of interest owing to their excellent medicinal value. Given the successful history of natural product-based drug discovery, extracts from the aerial parts of Thymelaea hirsuta were evaluated for their potential anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) activity. Ethyl acetate extracts from leaves (71B) and branches (72B) of Thymelaea hirsuta showed potent and selective activity against HIV-1 wt (EC50 = 0.8 µg/mL) at non-cytotoxic concentrations (CC50 > 100 µg/mL). They proved to be active against HIV-1 variants carrying clinically relevant NNRTI and NRTI mutations at low concentration (0.3–4 µg/mL range) and against the M-tropic strain HIV-1 BaL. The 72B extract, chosen as a lead, was not able to inhibit the RT and protease enzymatic functions. Furthermore, it was not virucidal, since exposure of HIV to high concentration did not affect virus infectivity. The pre-clinical safety profile of this extract showed no adverse effect on the growth of Lactobacilli, and non-toxic concentration of the extract did not influence the Caco-2 epithelial cells monolayer integrity. Additionally, extract 72B prevented syncytia formation at low concentration (0.4 µg/mL). The potent inhibitory effect on the syncytia formation in co-cultures showed that 72B inhibits an early event in the replication cycle of HIV. All of these findings prompt us to carry on new studies on Thymelaea hirsuta extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (S.M.); (G.S.); (A.I.); (G.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Silvia Madeddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (S.M.); (G.S.); (A.I.); (G.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Murgia
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Gabriele Serreli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (S.M.); (G.S.); (A.I.); (G.G.)
| | - Michela Begala
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences-Unit of Drug Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (M.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Pierluigi Caboni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences-Unit of Drug Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (M.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Alessandra Incani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (S.M.); (G.S.); (A.I.); (G.G.)
| | - Gianluigi Franci
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy;
| | - Marilena Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Study of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Gabriele Giliberti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (S.M.); (G.S.); (A.I.); (G.G.)
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12
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Al-Fatimi M. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants in central Abyan governorate, Yemen. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 241:111973. [PMID: 31146001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional medicinal plant knowledge in Yemen is still only passed on orally from one generation to another. A few studies, mostly very limited in scope, have been dedicated to this indigenous knowledge so far. This paper presents the results of the first extensive field study in southern mainland Yemen, undertaken in three communities in the central region of Abyan governorate. The study is aimed to preserve the heritage of this indigenous knowledge and to explore and select local medicinal plants that promise high pharmacological efficacy for further pharmacological and phytochemical investigations. METHODS 356 indigenous informants (273 males, 83 females) were interviewed about the modes of application and uses of the medicinal plants in the region. The ethnobotanical data were recorded by semi-structured face-to-face interviews, substantiated by specimen collections and taxonomic identifications and quantitative data analysis including informant consensus factor (ICF) and number of use-reports. RESULTS In total, 195 medicinal plant species (170 wild and 25 cultivated) belonging to 138 genera and 55 flowering plant families, were recorded for the treatment of 155 different ailments classified into 16 categories. Apocynaceae (25 species), Fabaceae (18 species), Euphorbiaceae (16 species) and Asteraceae (14 species) were the most frequently used plant families. Paste (86) followed by unprepared plant exudates (77) and decoction (55) were the most common herbal preparation modes. Dermal application (51.8%) was the most common administration route. The highest number of use reports and the maximum number of used medicinal plants were recorded for treatment of skin and gastrointestinal ailments. Forty-five species have never been reported in the ethnomedicinal literature before. Plant species with the most citations were Aloe vacillans Forssk. (malaria), Solanum incanum L. (tooth decay), Caralluma awdeliana (Deflers) A. Berger (diabetes), Tribulus terrestris L. (kidney stones), Aristolochia bracteolata Lam. (snake poison), Hydnora abyssinica A.Br. (stomach ulcer), Indigofera oblongifolia Forssk. (urine retention) and Chrozophora oblongifolia (Delile) A. Juss ex Spreng (haemorrhoids). CONCLUSIONS Significant traditional knowledge of the uses of local medicinal plant species was recorded for the first time for central Abyan in particular and southern Yemen in general. The study shows that the medicinal plants still play an important role in the primary health care in the study area. The ethnobotanical results provide a basis for further pharmacological, biological, pharmacognostical, and phytochemical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Al-Fatimi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Aden University, P.O.Box 5411 (Maalla), Aden, Yemen.
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13
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Piras S, Sanna G, Carta A, Corona P, Ibba R, Loddo R, Madeddu S, Caria P, Aulic S, Laurini E, Fermeglia M, Pricl S. Dichloro-Phenyl-Benzotriazoles: A New Selective Class of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Entry Inhibitors. Front Chem 2019; 7:247. [PMID: 31041309 PMCID: PMC6476926 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the primary cause of bronchopneumonia in infants and children worldwide. Clinical studies have shown that early treatments of RSV patients with ribavirin improve prognosis, even if the use of this drug is limited due to myelosuppression and toxicity effects. Furthermore, effective vaccines to prevent RSV infection are currently unavailable. Thus, the development of highly effective and specific antiviral drugs for pre-exposure prophylaxis and/or treatment of RSV infections is a compelling need. In the quest of new RSV inhibitors, in this work we evaluated the antiviral activity of a series of variously substituted 5,6-dichloro-1-phenyl-1(2)H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole derivatives in cell-based assays. Several 1- and 2-phenyl-benzotriazoles resulted fairly potent (μM concentrations) inhibitors of RSV infection in plaque reduction assays, accompanied by low cytotoxicity in human highly dividing T lymphoid-derived cells and primary cell lines. Contextually, no inhibitory effects were observed against other RNA or DNA viruses assayed, suggesting specific activity against RSV. Further results revealed that the lead compound 10d was active during the early phase of the RSV infection cycle. To understand whether 10d interfered with virus attachment to target cells or virus-cell fusion events, inhibitory activity tests against the RSV mutant strain B1 cp-52—expressing only the F envelope glycoprotein—and a plasmid-based reporter assay that quantifies the bioactivity of viral entry were also performed. The overall biological results, in conjunction with in silico modeling studies, supported the conclusion that the RSV fusion process could be the target of this new series of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Piras
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Carta
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Paola Corona
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberta Ibba
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberta Loddo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Silvia Madeddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paola Caria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Suzana Aulic
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@Units), DEA, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Erik Laurini
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@Units), DEA, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fermeglia
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@Units), DEA, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pricl
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@Units), DEA, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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14
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Sanna G, Madeddu S, Giliberti G, Piras S, Struga M, Wrzosek M, Kubiak-Tomaszewska G, Koziol AE, Savchenko O, Lis T, Stefanska J, Tomaszewski P, Skrzycki M, Szulczyk D. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Indole-Derived Thioureas. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102554. [PMID: 30301264 PMCID: PMC6222422 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of 2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethylthiourea derivatives were prepared by condensation of 2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethanamine with appropriate aryl/alkylisothiocyanates in anhydrous media. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by spectroscopic analysis and the molecular structures of 8 and 28 were confirmed by X-ray crystallography. All obtained compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive cocci, Gram-negative rods and for antifungal activity. Microbiological evaluation was carried out over 20 standard strains and 30 hospital strains. Compound 6 showed significant inhibition against Gram-positive cocci and had inhibitory effect on the S. aureus topoisomerase IV decatenation activity and S. aureus DNA gyrase supercoiling activity. Compounds were tested for cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against a large panel of DNA and RNA viruses, including HIV-1 and other several important human pathogens. Interestingly, derivative 8 showed potent activity against HIV-1 wild type and variants bearing clinically relevant mutations. Newly synthesized tryptamine derivatives showed also a wide spectrum activity, proving to be active against positive- and negative-sense RNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
| | - Silvia Madeddu
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Giliberti
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
| | - Sandra Piras
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Marta Struga
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, First Faculty of Medicine, Medical University, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland.
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Wrzosek
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Grażyna Kubiak-Tomaszewska
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna E Koziol
- Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
| | | | - Tadeusz Lis
- Faculty of Chemistry, Univeristy of Wrocław, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Joanna Stefanska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University, 02-007 Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Piotr Tomaszewski
- Department of Biochemistry, Second Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Michał Skrzycki
- Department of Biochemistry, Second Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Daniel Szulczyk
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, First Faculty of Medicine, Medical University, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland.
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
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15
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Carta A, Sanna G, Briguglio I, Madeddu S, Vitale G, Piras S, Corona P, Peana AT, Laurini E, Fermeglia M, Pricl S, Serra A, Carta E, Loddo R, Giliberti G. Quinoxaline derivatives as new inhibitors of coxsackievirus B5. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 145:559-569. [PMID: 29339251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.12.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Enteroviruses are among the most common and important human pathogens for which there are no specific antiviral agents approved by the US Food and Drug Administration so far. Particularly, coxsackievirus infections have a worldwide distribution and can cause many important diseases. We here report the synthesis of new 14 quinoxaline derivatives and the evaluation of their cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against representatives of ssRNA, dsRNA and dsDNA viruses. Promisingly, three compounds showed a very potent and selective antiviral activity against coxsackievirus B5, with EC50 in the sub-micromolar range (0.3-0.06 μM). A combination of experimental techniques (i.e. virucidal activity, time of drug addition and adsorption assays) and in silico modeling studies were further performed, aiming to understand the mode of action of the most active, selective and not cytotoxic compound, the ethyl 4-[(2,3-dimethoxyquinoxalin-6-yl)methylthio]benzoate (6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Carta
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 23, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Irene Briguglio
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 23, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Silvia Madeddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gabriella Vitale
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 23, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Sandra Piras
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 23, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Paola Corona
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 23, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Tiziana Peana
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 23, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Erik Laurini
- Molecular Simulation Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fermeglia
- Molecular Simulation Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pricl
- Molecular Simulation Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Serra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elisa Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Roberta Loddo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gabriele Giliberti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
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16
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Bagheri Farahani Z, Mirzaie A, Ashrafi F, Rahimpour Hesari M, Chitgar A, Noorbazargan H, Rahimi A. Phytochemical composition and biological activities of Artemisia quettensis Podlech ethanolic extract. Nat Prod Res 2017; 31:2554-2558. [PMID: 28423933 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1318385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study aim to investigate the phytochemical composition, antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer activities of the ethanolic extract from aerial parts of Artemisia quettensis Podlech. The aerial part of A. quettensis Podlech extract was used for Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activities. GC/MS analysis of extract from this plant showed 23 major components and the most dominant components were acetic acid, [4-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl) cyclohex-1-enyl] methyl ester (13.88%), trans-Phytol (10.06%) and 2,6-Dimethyl-2,6-octadiene-1,8-diol diacetate (6.8%). The extract had significant antibacterial and anticancer effects. The highest percentage of antioxidant activity was 78.46% at 2 mg/mL concentration of extract. Moreover, the highest antibacterial effects of extract were against to gram-positive bacteria and the IC50 cell cytotoxicity value on HT29 cell line in 24 h, 48 h and 72 h were 31.54, 6.08 and 2.96 mg/mL, respectively. From this study, A. quettensis Podlech could be considered as a promising source for novel drug compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amir Mirzaie
- b Young Researchers and Elite Club, East Tehran Branch , Islamic Azad University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ashrafi
- a Department of Biology, Tehran North Branch , Islamic Azad University , Tehran , Iran
| | | | - Ali Chitgar
- d Department of Biology, Roudehen Branch , Islamic Azad University , Roudehen , Iran
| | - Hassan Noorbazargan
- e Biotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Arian Rahimi
- b Young Researchers and Elite Club, East Tehran Branch , Islamic Azad University , Tehran , Iran
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17
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Mumtaz A, Ashfaq UA, Ul Qamar MT, Anwar F, Gulzar F, Ali MA, Saari N, Pervez MT. MPD3: a useful medicinal plants database for drug designing. Nat Prod Res 2016; 31:1228-1236. [PMID: 27681445 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1233409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are the main natural pools for the discovery and development of new drugs. In the modern era of computer-aided drug designing (CADD), there is need of prompt efforts to design and construct useful database management system that allows proper data storage, retrieval and management with user-friendly interface. An inclusive database having information about classification, activity and ready-to-dock library of medicinal plant's phytochemicals is therefore required to assist the researchers in the field of CADD. The present work was designed to merge activities of phytochemicals from medicinal plants, their targets and literature references into a single comprehensive database named as Medicinal Plants Database for Drug Designing (MPD3). The newly designed online and downloadable MPD3 contains information about more than 5000 phytochemicals from around 1000 medicinal plants with 80 different activities, more than 900 literature references and 200 plus targets. The designed database is deemed to be very useful for the researchers who are engaged in medicinal plants research, CADD and drug discovery/development with ease of operation and increased efficiency. The designed MPD3 is a comprehensive database which provides most of the information related to the medicinal plants at a single platform. MPD3 is freely available at: http://bioinform.info .
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Affiliation(s)
- Arooj Mumtaz
- a Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology , Government College, University Faisalabad (GCUF) , Faisalabad , Pakistan.,b Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology , Virtual University of Pakistan , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Usman Ali Ashfaq
- a Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology , Government College, University Faisalabad (GCUF) , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tahir Ul Qamar
- a Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology , Government College, University Faisalabad (GCUF) , Faisalabad , Pakistan.,c Center of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB) , University of Agriculture (UAF) , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Farooq Anwar
- d Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University , Al-Kharj , Saudi Arabia.,e Department of Chemistry , University of Sargodha (UOS) , Sargodha , Pakistan
| | - Faisal Gulzar
- f Department of Pharmcology , University of Sargodha (UOS) , Sargodha , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amjad Ali
- c Center of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB) , University of Agriculture (UAF) , Faisalabad , Pakistan.,g Department of Plant Pathology , University of Agriculture (UAF) , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Nazamid Saari
- h Faculty of Food Science and Technology , University Putra Malaysia, UPM , Serdang , Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Tariq Pervez
- b Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology , Virtual University of Pakistan , Lahore , Pakistan
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18
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Hammami S, Li Z, Huang M, El Mokni R, Dhaouadi H, Yin S. New bioactive labdane diterpenoids from Marrubium aschersonii. Nat Prod Res 2016; 30:2142-8. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1143828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saoussen Hammami
- Research Unit Applied Chemistry and Environment 13ES63, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingjie Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ridha El Mokni
- Laboratory of Botany and plant Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Bizerta, Jarzouna, Bizerta, Tunisia
| | - Hatem Dhaouadi
- Research Unit Applied Chemistry and Environment 13ES63, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sheng Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Sanna G, Madeddu S, Giliberti G, Ntalli NG, Cottiglia F, De Logu A, Agus E, Caboni P. Limonoids from Melia azedarach Fruits as Inhibitors of Flaviviruses and Mycobacterium tubercolosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141272. [PMID: 26485025 PMCID: PMC4612778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological diversity of nature is the source of a wide range of bioactive molecules. The natural products, either as pure compounds or as standardized plant extracts, have been a successful source of inspiration for the development of new drugs. The present work was carried out to investigate the cytotoxicity, antiviral and antimycobacterial activity of the methanol extract and of four identified limonoids from the fruits of Melia azedarach (Meliaceae). The extract and purified limonoids were tested in cell-based assays for antiviral activity against representatives of ssRNA, dsRNA and dsDNA viruses and against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Very interestingly, 3-α-tigloyl-melianol and melianone showed a potent antiviral activity (EC50 in the range of 3–11μM) against three important human pathogens, belonging to Flaviviridae family, West Nile virus, Dengue virus and Yellow Fever virus. Mode of action studies demonstrated that title compounds were inhibitors of West Nile virus only when added during the infection, acting as inhibitors of the entry or of a very early event of life cycle. Furthermore, 3-α-tigloyl-melianol and methyl kulonate showed interesting antimycobacterial activity (with MIC values of 29 and 70 μM respectively). The limonoids are typically lipophilic compounds present in the fruits of Melia azeradach. They are known as cytotoxic compounds against different cancer cell lines, while their potential as antiviral and antibacterial was poorly investigated. Our studies show that they may serve as a good starting point for the development of novel drugs for the treatment of infections by Flaviviruses and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, for which there is a continued need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Silvia Madeddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gabriele Giliberti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Nikoletta G. Ntalli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, High Resolution Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Filippo Cottiglia
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, High Resolution Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Logu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Section of Medical Microbiology, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Emanuela Agus
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Section of Medical Microbiology, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Caboni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, High Resolution Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Cagliari, Italy
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