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Mohan I, Joshi B, Pathania D, Dhar S, Bhau BS. Phytobial remediation advances and application of omics and artificial intelligence: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:37988-38021. [PMID: 38780844 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33690-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Industrialization and urbanization increased the use of chemicals in agriculture, vehicular emissions, etc., and spoiled all environmental sectors. It causes various problems among living beings at multiple levels and concentrations. Phytoremediation and microbial association are emerging as a potential method for removing heavy metals and other contaminants from soil. The treatment uses plant physiology and metabolism to remove or clean up various soil contaminants efficiently. In recent years, omics and artificial intelligence have been seen as powerful techniques for phytobial remediation. Recently, AI and modeling are used to analyze large data generated by omics technologies. Machine learning algorithms can be used to develop predictive models that can help guide the selection of the most appropriate plant and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria combination that is most effective at remediation. In this review, emphasis is given to the phytoremediation techniques being explored worldwide in soil contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indica Mohan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani, Bagla, District Samba, Jammu and Kashmir, 181143, India
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani, Bagla, District Samba, Jammu and Kashmir, 181143, India
| | - Babita Joshi
- Plant Molecular Genetics Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, U.P., 226001, India
| | - Deepak Pathania
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani, Bagla, District Samba, Jammu and Kashmir, 181143, India
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani, Bagla, District Samba, Jammu and Kashmir, 181143, India
| | - Sunil Dhar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani, Bagla, District Samba, Jammu and Kashmir, 181143, India
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani, Bagla, District Samba, Jammu and Kashmir, 181143, India
| | - Brijmohan Singh Bhau
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani, Bagla, District Samba, Jammu and Kashmir, 181143, India.
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Liu R, Hu B, Dannenmann M, Giesemann A, Geilfus CM, Li C, Gao L, Flemetakis E, Haensch R, Wang D, Rennenberg H. Significance of phosphorus deficiency for the mitigation of mercury toxicity in the Robinia pseudoacacia L.- rhizobia symbiotic association. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 467:133717. [PMID: 38325100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N2)-fixing legumes can be used for phytoremediation of toxic heavy metal Mercury (Hg) contaminated soil, but N2-fixation highly relies on phosphorus (P) availability for nodule formation and functioning. Here, we characterized the significance of P deficiency for Hg accumulation and toxicity in woody legume plants. Consequences for foliar and root traits of rhizobia inoculation, Hg exposure (+Hg) and low P (-P) supply, individually and in combination were characterized at both the metabolite and transcriptome levels in seedlings of two Robinia pseudoacacia L. provenances originating from contrasting climate and soil backgrounds, i.e., GS in northwest and the DB in northeast China. Our results reveal that depleted P mitigates the toxicity of Hg at the transcriptional level. In leaves of Robinia depleted P reduced oxidative stress and improved the utilization strategy of C, N and P nutrition; in roots depleted P regulated the expression of genes scavenging oxidative stress and promoting cell membrane synthesis. Rhizobia inoculation significantly improved the performance of both Robinia provenances under individual and combined +Hg and -P by promoting photosynthesis, increasing foliar N and P content and reducing H2O2 and MDA accumulation despite enhanced Hg uptake. DB plants developed more nodules, had higher biomass and accumulated higher Hg amounts than GS plants and thus are suggested as the high potential Robinia provenance for future phytoremediation of Hg contaminated soils with P deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, 400715 Chongqing, China; College of Resources and Environment, Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, 400715 Chongqing, China.
| | - Michael Dannenmann
- Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kreuzeckbahnstrasse 19, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
| | - Anette Giesemann
- Thünen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christoph-Martin Geilfus
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Hochschule Geisenheim University, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Canbo Li
- Shanghai OE Biotech. Co., Ltd., No. 1188, Lianhang Rd., Minhang district, Shanghai 201212, China
| | - Lan Gao
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, 400715 Chongqing, China; College of Resources and Environment, Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Emmanouil Flemetakis
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Robert Haensch
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, 400715 Chongqing, China; Institute for Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstraße 1, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dingyong Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, 400715 Chongqing, China
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Zafar S, Ashraf A, Hayat S, Siddique MH, Waseem M, Hassan M, Qaisar H, Muzammil S. Isolation and characterization of novel cadmium-resistant Escherichia fergusonii ZSF-15 from industrial effluent for flocculant production and antioxidant enzyme activity. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:412. [PMID: 38565815 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12545-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic metal that frequently contaminates our environment. In this study, the bioflocculant-producing, cadmium-resistant Escherichia fergusonii ZSF-15 was characterized from Paharang drain, Bawa Chak, Faisalabad, Pakistan. The Cd-resistant E. fergusonii was used to determine the bioflocculant production using yeast-peptone-glycerol medium (pH 6.5) supplemented with 50 mg L-1 of Cd. The culture was incubated for 3 days at 37 °C in a rotary shaker at 120 rpm. The fermentation broth was centrifuged at 4000 g for 10 min after the incubation period. The maximum flocculating activity by isolate ZSF-15 was found to be 71.4% after 48 h of incubation. According to the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, the bioflocculant produced by strain ZSF-15 was comprised of typical polysaccharide and protein, i.e. hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amino groups. The strain ZSF-15 exhibited bioflocculant activity at range of pH (6-8) and temperature (35-50℃). Maximum flocculation activity (i.e. 71%) was observed at 47℃, whereas 63% flocculation production was observed at pH 8. In the present study, antioxidant enzyme profile of ZSF-15 was also evaluated under cadmium stress. A significant increase in antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (118%) and ascorbate peroxidase (28%) was observed, whereas contents of catalase (86%), glutathione transferase (13%), and peroxidase (8%) were decreased as compared to control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Zafar
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Asma Ashraf
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sumreen Hayat
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hussnain Siddique
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waseem
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Mudassir Hassan
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Hira Qaisar
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Saima Muzammil
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan.
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Saleem MH, Mfarrej MFB, Khan KA, Alharthy SA. Emerging trends in wastewater treatment: Addressing microorganic pollutants and environmental impacts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169755. [PMID: 38176566 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
This review focuses on the challenges and advances associated with the treatment and management of microorganic pollutants, encompassing pesticides, industrial chemicals, and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the environment. The translocation of these contaminants across multiple media, particularly through atmospheric transport, emphasizes their pervasive nature and the subsequent ecological risks. The urgency to develop cost-effective remediation strategies for emerging organic contaminants is paramount. As such, wastewater-based epidemiology and the increasing concern over estrogenicity are explored. By incorporating conventional and innovative wastewater treatment techniques, this article highlights the integration of environmental management strategies, analytical methodologies, and the importance of renewable energy in waste treatment. The primary objective is to provide a comprehensive perspective on the current scenario, imminent threats, and future directions in mitigating the effects of these pollutants on the environment. Furthermore, the review underscores the need for international collaboration in developing standardized guidelines and policies for monitoring and controlling these microorganic pollutants. It advocates for increased investment in research and development of advanced materials and technologies that can efficiently remove or neutralize these contaminants, thereby safeguarding environmental health and promoting sustainable practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- Office of Academic Research, Office of VP for Research & Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - Manar Fawzi Bani Mfarrej
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 144534, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Applied College, Center of Bee Research and its Products, Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, and Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saif A Alharthy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Toxicology and Forensic Sciences Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Parera V, Pérez-Chaca MV, Gallardo LV, Gatica-Aguilar CV, Parera CA, Feresin GE. Adesmia pinifolia, a Native High-Andean Species, as a Potential Candidate for Phytoremediation of Cd and Hg. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:464. [PMID: 38498429 PMCID: PMC10891624 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
This study highlights Adesmia pinifolia, a native high-Andean species, as a potential candidate for the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with Cd and Hg. In this work, a semi-hydronic assay with different doses of Cd (3, 4.5, and 6 mg L-1) and Hg (0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 mg L-1) was analysed to evaluate the establishment of plants, antioxidant defence systems, oxidative stress, and the ability to accumulate heavy metals. The results indicate high survival rates (>80%); however, Cd significantly reduced shoot and root biomass, while Hg increased root biomass with the 1.6 mg L-1 treatment. Cd and Hg tend to accumulate more in roots (2534.24 µg/g and 596.4 µg g-1, respectively) compared to shoots (398.53 µg g-1 and 140.8 µg g-1, respectively). A significant decrease in the bioconcentration factor of Cd and Hg in roots was observed as metal levels increased, reaching the maximum value at 3 mg L-1 (805.59 ± 54.38) and 0.8 mg L-1 (804.54 ± 38.09). The translocation factor, <1 for both metals, suggests that translocation from roots to shoots is limited. An overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed, causing lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage to plant membranes. Tolerance strategies against subsequent toxicity indicate that enhanced glutathione reductase (GR) activity and glutathione (GSH) accumulation modulate Cd and Hg accumulation, toxicity, and tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Parera
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martin 1109 Oeste, San Juan 5400, Argentina;
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Cuidad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1425FQB, Argentina;
| | - M. Verónica Pérez-Chaca
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis 5700, Argentina; (M.V.P.-C.); (L.V.G.)
| | - Laura V. Gallardo
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis 5700, Argentina; (M.V.P.-C.); (L.V.G.)
| | - Camila V. Gatica-Aguilar
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Cuidad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1425FQB, Argentina;
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis 5700, Argentina; (M.V.P.-C.); (L.V.G.)
| | - Carlos A. Parera
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Avenida Rivadavia 1439, Cuidad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1033AAE, Argentina;
| | - Gabriela E. Feresin
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martin 1109 Oeste, San Juan 5400, Argentina;
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Cuidad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1425FQB, Argentina;
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Al-Huqail AA, Alghanem SMS, Alhaithloul HAS, Saleem MH, Abeed AHA. Combined exposure of PVC-microplastic and mercury chloride (HgCl 2) in sorghum (Pennisetum glaucum L.) when its seeds are primed titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2-NPs). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:7837-7852. [PMID: 38170361 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31733-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The present work studied the impact of different levels of PVC-microplastics (PVC-MPs), namely 0 (no PVC-MPs), 2, and 4 mg L-1, along with mercury (Hg) levels of 0 (no Hg), 10, and 25 mg kg-1 in the soil, while concurrently applying titanium dioxide-nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) at 0 (no TiO2-NPs), 50, and 100 µg mL-1 to sorghum (Pennisetum glaucum L.) plants. This study aimed to examine plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange characteristics, oxidative stress indicators, and the response of various antioxidants (enzymatic and non-enzymatic) and their specific gene expression, proline metabolism, the AsA-GSH cycle, and cellular fractionation in the plants. The research outcomes indicated that elevated levels of PVC-MPs and Hg stress in the soil notably reduced plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, and gas exchange attributes. However, PVC-MPs and Hg stress also induced oxidative stress in the roots and shoots of the plants by increasing malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and electrolyte leakage (EL) which also induced increased compounds of various enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and also the gene expression and sugar content. Furthermore, a significant increase in proline metabolism, the AsA-GSH cycle, and the pigmentation of cellular components was observed. Although, the application of TiO2-NPs showed a significant increase in plant growth and biomass, gas exchange characteristics, enzymatic and non-enzymatic compounds, and their gene expression and also decreased oxidative stress. In addition, the application of TiO2-NPs enhanced cellular fractionation and decreased the proline metabolism and AsA-GSH cycle in P. glaucum plants. These results open new insights for sustainable agriculture practices and hold immense promise in addressing the pressing challenges of heavy metal contamination in agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa Abdulkreem Al-Huqail
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O.Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- Office of Academic Research, Office of VP for Research & Graduate Studies, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Amany H A Abeed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
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Kapoor RT, Ahmad A, Shakoor A, Paray BA, Ahmad P. Nitric Oxide and Strigolactone Alleviate Mercury-Induced Oxidative Stress in Lens culinaris L. by Modulating Glyoxalase and Antioxidant Defense System. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091894. [PMID: 37176951 PMCID: PMC10181142 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Developmental activities have escalated mercury (Hg) content in the environment and caused food security problems. The present investigation describes mercury-incited stress in Lens culinaris (lentil) and its mitigation by supplementation of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and strigolactone (GR24). Lentil exposure to Hg decreased root and shoot length, relative water content and biochemical variables. Exogenous application of SNP and GR24 alone or in combination enhanced all of the aforementioned growth parameters. Hg treatment increased electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde content, but this significantly decreased with combined application (Hg + SNP + GR24). SNP and GR24 boosted mineral uptake and reduced Hg accumulation, thus minimizing the adverse impacts of Hg. An increase in mineral accretion was recorded in lentil roots and shoots in the presence of SNP and GR24, which might support the growth of lentil plants under Hg stress. Hg accumulation was decreased in lentil roots and shoots by supplementation of SNP and GR24. The methylglyoxal level was reduced in lentil plants with increase in glyoxalase enzymes. Antioxidant and glyoxylase enzyme activities were increased by the presence of SNP and GR24. Therefore, synergistic application of nitric oxide and strigolactone protected lentil plants against Hg-incited oxidative pressure by boosting antioxidant defense and the glyoxalase system, which assisted in biochemical processes regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riti Thapar Kapoor
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awais Shakoor
- Department of Environment and Soil Sciences, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Bilal Ahamad Paray
- Zoology Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Govt. Degree College, Pulwama 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Singh AD, Khanna K, Kour J, Dhiman S, Bhardwaj T, Devi K, Sharma N, Kumar P, Kapoor N, Sharma P, Arora P, Sharma A, Bhardwaj R. Critical review on biogeochemical dynamics of mercury (Hg) and its abatement strategies. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 319:137917. [PMID: 36706814 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is among the naturally occurring heavy metal with elemental, organic, and inorganic distributions in the environment. Being considered a global pollutant, high pools of Hg-emissions ranging from >6000 to 8000 Mg Hg/year get accumulated by the natural and anthropogenic activities in the atmosphere. These toxicants have high persistence, toxicity, and widespread contamination in the soil, water, and air resources. Hg accumulation inside the plant parts amplifies the traces of toxic elements in the linking food chains, leads to Hg exposure to humans, and acts as a potential genotoxic, neurotoxic and carcinogenic entity. However, excessive Hg levels are equally toxic to the plant system and severely disrupt the physiological and metabolic processes in plants. Thus, a plausible link between Hg-concentration and its biogeochemical behavior is highly imperative to analyze the plant-soil interactions. Therefore, it is requisite to bring these toxic contaminants in between the acceptable limits to safeguard the environment. Plants efficiently incorporate or absorb the bioavailable Hg from the soil thus a constructive understanding of Hg uptake, translocation/sequestration involving specific heavy metal transporters, and detoxification mechanisms are drawn. Whereas recent investigations in biological remediation of Hg provide insights into the potential associations between the plants and microbes. Furthermore, intense research on Hg-induced antioxidants, protein networks, metabolic mechanisms, and signaling pathways is required to understand these bioremediations techniques. This review sheds light on the mercury (Hg) sources, pollution, biogeochemical cycles, its uptake, translocation, and detoxification methods with respect to its molecular approaches in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Dev Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
| | - Kanika Khanna
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Jaspreet Kour
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Shalini Dhiman
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Tamanna Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Kamini Devi
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Neerja Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Pardeep Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Nitika Kapoor
- P.G. Department of Botany, Hans Raj Mahila Maha Vidyalaya, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- School of Bioengineering Sciences and Research, MIT-ADT University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Priya Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Anket Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
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Pinski A, Zhou M, Betekhtin A. Editorial: Advances in buckwheat research. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1190090. [PMID: 37143884 PMCID: PMC10152880 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1190090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Artur Pinski
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- *Correspondence: Artur Pinski, ; Meiliang Zhou, ; Alexander Betekhtin,
| | - Meiliang Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Artur Pinski, ; Meiliang Zhou, ; Alexander Betekhtin,
| | - Alexander Betekhtin
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- *Correspondence: Artur Pinski, ; Meiliang Zhou, ; Alexander Betekhtin,
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Robas Mora M, Fernández Pastrana VM, González Reguero D, Gutiérrez Oliva LL, Probanza Lobo A, Jiménez Gómez PA. Oxidative stress protection and growth promotion activity of Pseudomonas mercuritolerans sp. nov., in forage plants under mercury abiotic stress conditions. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1032901. [PMID: 36560952 PMCID: PMC9763275 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1032901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
SAICEUPSMT strain was isolated from soils in the mining district of Almadén (Ciudad Real, Spain), subjected to a high concentration of mercury. Using the plant model of lupinus, the strain was inoculated into the rhizosphere of the plant in a soil characterized by a high concentration of mercury (1,710 ppm) from an abandoned dump in the mining district of Almadén (Ciudad Real, Spain). As a control, a soil with a minimum natural concentration of mercury, from a surrounding area, was used. Under greenhouse conditions, the effect that the inoculum of the SAICEUPSMT strain had on the antioxidant capacity of the plant was studied, through the quantification of the enzymatic activity catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione reductase (GR). Likewise, the capacity of the plant to bioaccumulate mercury in the presence of the inoculum was studied, as well as the effect on the biometric parameters total weight (g), shoot weight (g), root weight (g), shoot length (cm), root length (cm), total number of leaves (N), and total number of secondary roots (No). Finally, in view of the results, the SAICEUPSMT strain was identified from the phenotypic and genotypic point of view (housekeeping genes and complete genome sequencing). The inoculum with the SAICEUPSMT strain in the presence of mercury produced a significant reduction in the enzymatic response to oxidative stress (CAT, APX, and SOD). It can be considered that the strain exerts a phytoprotective effect on the plant. This led to a significant increase in the biometric parameters total plant weight, root weight and the number of leaves under mercury stress, compared to the control without abiotic stress. When analyzing the mercury content of the plant with and without bacterial inoculum, it was found that the incorporation of the SAICEUPSMT strain significantly reduced the uptake of mercury by the plant, while favoring its development in terms of biomass. Given the positive impact of the SAICEUPSMT strain on the integral development of the plant, it was identified, proving to be a Gram negative bacillus, in vitro producer of siderophores, auxins and molecules that inhibit stress precursors. The most represented fatty acids were C16:0 (33.29%), characteristic aggregate 3 (22.80%) comprising C16:1 ω7c and C16: 1ω6c, characteristic aggregate 8 (13.66%) comprising C18:1 ω7c, and C18: 1 cycle ω6c and C 17:0 (11.42%). From the genotypic point of view, the initial identification of the strain based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence classified it as Pseudomonas iranensis. However, genome-wide analysis showed that average nucleotide identity (ANI, 95.47%), DNA-DNA in silico hybridization (dDDH, 61.9%), average amino acid identity (AAI, 97.13%), TETRA (0.99%) and intergenic distance (0.04) values were below the established thresholds for differentiation. The results of the genomic analysis together with the differences in the phenotypic characteristics and the phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic analysis support the proposal of the SAICEUPSMT strain as the type strain of a new species for which the name Pseudomonas mercuritolerans sp. is proposed. No virulence genes or transmissible resistance mechanisms have been identified, which reveals its safety for agronomic uses, under mercury stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Robas Mora
- Department of Health and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Pedro A. Jiménez Gómez
- Department of Health and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
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Luo S, Wang K, Li Z, Li H, Shao J, Zhu X. Salicylic Acid Enhances Cadmium Tolerance and Reduces Its Shoot Accumulation in Fagopyrum tataricum Seedlings by Promoting Root Cadmium Retention and Mitigating Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314746. [PMID: 36499075 PMCID: PMC9739840 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination seriously reduces the production and product quality of Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum), and strategies are urgently needed to mitigate these adverse influences. Herein, we investigated the effect of salicylic acid (SA) on Tartary buckwheat seedlings grown in Cd-contaminated soil in terms of Cd tolerance and accumulation. The results showed that 75-100 µmol L-1 SA treatment enhanced the Cd tolerance of Tartary buckwheat, as reflected by the significant increase in plant height and root and shoot biomass, as well as largely mitigated oxidative stress. Moreover, 100 µmol L-1 SA considerably reduced the stem and leaf Cd concentration by 60% and 47%, respectively, which is a consequence of increased root biomass and root Cd retention with promoted Cd partitioning into cell wall and immobile chemical forms. Transcriptome analysis also revealed the upregulation of the genes responsible for cell wall biosynthesis and antioxidative activities in roots, especially secondary cell wall synthesis. The present study determines that 100 µmol L-1 is the best SA concentration for reducing Cd accumulation and toxicity in Tartary buckwheat and indicates the important role of root in Cd stress in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Luo
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Kaiyi Wang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hanhan Li
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jirong Shao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang Road No. 46, Yaan 625014, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xuemei Zhu
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (X.Z.)
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12
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González-Reguero D, Robas-Mora M, Probanza A, Jiménez PA. Evaluation of the oxidative stress alleviation in Lupinus albus var. orden Dorado by the inoculation of four plant growth-promoting bacteria and their mixtures in mercury-polluted soils. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:907557. [PMID: 36246290 PMCID: PMC9556840 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.907557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) pollution is a serious environmental and public health problem. Hg has the ability to biomagnify through the trophic chain and generate various pathologies in humans. The exposure of plants to Hg affects normal plant growth and its stress levels, producing oxidative cell damage. Root inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) can help reduce the absorption of Hg, minimizing the harmful effects of this metal in the plant. This study evaluates the phytoprotective capacity of four bacterial strains selected for their PGPB capabilities, quantified by the calculation of the biomercuroremediator suitability index (IIBMR), and their consortia, in the Lupinus albus var. orden Dorado. The oxidative stress modulating capacity in the inoculated plant was analyzed by measuring the activity of the enzymes catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR). In turn, the phytoprotective capacity of these PGPBs against the bioaccumulation of Hg was studied in plants grown in soils highly contaminated by Hg vs. soils in the absence of Hg contamination. The results of the oxidative stress alleviation and Hg bioaccumulation were compared with the biometric data of Lupinus albus var. orden Dorado previously obtained under the same soil conditions of Hg concentration. The results show that the biological behavior of plants (biometrics, bioaccumulation of Hg, and activity of regulatory enzymes of reactive oxygen species [ROS]) is significantly improved by the inoculation of strains B1 (Pseudomonas moraviensis) and B2 (Pseudomonas baetica), as well as their corresponding consortium (CS5). In light of the conclusions of this work, the use of these strains, as well as their consortium, is postulated as good candidates for their subsequent use in phytostimulation and phytoprotection processes in areas contaminated with Hg.
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Bashir S, Jan N, Wani UM, Raja V, John R. Co-over expression of Ascorbate Glutathione pathway enzymes improve mercury tolerance in tomato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 186:170-181. [PMID: 35868107 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The genetic modification of plants for the removal of inorganic pollutants from contaminated soil and water bodies is an emerging area for addressing environmental concerns. This approach is based on the ability of plants to take up and accumulate heavy metals, with efficiency being dependent on the underlying mechanisms of heavy metal accumulation and tolerance. A robust antioxidant pathway is determinantal for heavy metal uptake and accumulation and, therefore, in this study, we evaluated the transgenic tomato plants installed with Ascorbate Glutathione (ASA-GSH) pathway genes for uptake, accumulation, and response to mercury (Hg). We observed that ASA-GSH overexpressing lines were resilient to Hg stress as they displayed higher photosynthetic activity and increased photosynthetic gas exchange parameters with a concomitant decrease in ion leakage under Hg stress. Additionally, transgenic lines accumulated high osmolytes and showed enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, the results of SEM and confocal microscopy confirmed least damage to plant tissue in ASA-GSH overexpressing lines compared to wild-type under Hg-stress which was further supported by Atomic absorption study that revealed a significant decline in Hg accumulation in the leaves of transgenic lines compared to wild-type under stress conditions. In conclusion, pyramiding of ASA-GSH pathway genes in tomato plants is an efficient approach for the development of Hg-resistant tomato plants and the reclamation of Hg-contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabeeha Bashir
- Plant Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190 006, Kashmir, India
| | - Nelofer Jan
- Plant Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190 006, Kashmir, India
| | - Umer Majeed Wani
- Plant Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190 006, Kashmir, India; Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190 006, Kashmir, India
| | - Vaseem Raja
- Plant Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190 006, Kashmir, India
| | - Riffat John
- Plant Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190 006, Kashmir, India.
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14
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Hakeem KR, Alharby HF, Pirzadah TB. Exogenously applied calcium regulates antioxidative system and reduces cadmium-uptake in Fagopyrum esculentum. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 180:17-26. [PMID: 35367929 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca) being macronutrient plays a prominent role in signal transduction during various abiotic stresses. However, their involvements to alleviate heavy metal stress in plants remain evasive. In the present investigation, we found that application of exogenous Ca to Cd-stressed common buckwheat plants reversed the toxic effects of Cd by enhancing root and shoot length, biomass accumulation and reduced Cd-uptake as revealed by the translocation factor (<1), indicating more Cd is restrained in the roots. Moreover, present data also revealed that exogenous Ca significantly alleviated the Cd-induced oxidative damage by enhancing proline by 66.12% and 47.20% respectively in roots and shoots than control. The decline in the total chlorophyll content upon Ca application in Cd-treated plants was found less (38.96%) compared to buckwheat plants treated with Cd-stress alone (80.2%). APX and POD activities increased by 1.97 and 1.44 times in shoots, respectively, and increased by 2.81and 1.33 times in roots, respectively compared to the Cd-treated plants alone. The mineral content (Ca, K, Mg, Fe, P and S) that were suppressed in Cd-treated plants in both root and shoot were restored upon exogenous Ca application. Further, the correlation analysis showed significant positive correlation among proline and GSH synthesis in the Ca + Cd treatment. The correlations of Ca revealed to be positive with enhanced levels of APX and POD activity. Our data showed that exogenous application of Ca minimizes the Cd-toxicity and modulates the physiological and biochemical pathway in common buckwheat to withstand Cd-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Princess Dr Najla Bint Saud Al- Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hesham F Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Princess Dr Najla Bint Saud Al- Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tanveer Bilal Pirzadah
- University Centre for Research and Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Punjab, India
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15
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Hakeem KR, Alharby HF, Bamagoos AAM, Pirzadah TB. Biochar promotes arsenic (As) immobilization in contaminated soils and alleviates the As-toxicity in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133407. [PMID: 34958786 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pot experiments were carried out to examine the biochar application and its alleviating effect on arsenic (As) toxicity in soybean plants. The data showed that As inhibits the growth indices and it increased with enhanced As-concentration in the substrate. The growth indices declined by more than 40% and the osmolyte concentration, photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant enzymes were decreased significantly among As-stressed plants. However, biochar application effectively mitigated the inhibitory effects of As on the soybean growth and the mitigation effect of treatment is more prevalent to the plants subjected to higher As-treatment. Biochar significantly reduced the As-uptake as revealed by the translocation factor (<1), indicating more As is restrained in the roots. The reduction in the total chlorophyll and carotenoid content was found less in the As-treated soybean plants upon biochar application. Similarly, the osmolytes comprising proline, sugar and protein increased upon application of biochar. The biomarkers viz., membrane stability index (MSI), hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde (MDA) content significantly decreased at higher As-levels upon biochar application as was also supported by the heatmap analysis. Moreover, the antioxidative enzymes also showed a significant increase upon addition of biochar. Our data showed that biochar amendment effectively alleviates the As-stress by enhancing the sorption of As in the substrate thus, significantly declining the As concentration in plant leaves, and thus the results of the current study depicting the role of biochar as a promising, cost-effective and eco-friendly amendment to decontaminate the As-polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Princess Dr Najla Bint Saud Al- Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hesham F Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Princess Dr Najla Bint Saud Al- Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif A M Bamagoos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tanveer Bilal Pirzadah
- University Centre for Research and Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Punjab, India
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Li Z, Wang C, Wang K, Zhao J, Shao J, Chen H, Zhou M, Zhu X. Metal Tolerance Protein Encoding Gene Family in Fagopyrum tartaricum: Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Expression under Multiple Metal Stresses. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11070850. [PMID: 35406830 PMCID: PMC9003181 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Metal tolerance proteins (MTP) as divalent cation transporters are essential for plant metal tolerance and homeostasis. However, the characterization and the definitive phylogeny of the MTP gene family in Fagopyrum tartaricum, and their roles in response to metal stress are still unknown. In the present study, MTP genes in Fagopyrum tartaricum were identified, and their phylogenetic relationships, structural characteristics, physicochemical parameters, as well as expression profiles under five metal stresses including Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Cd were also investigated. Phylogenetic relationship analysis showed that 12 Fagopyrum tartaricum MTP genes were classified into three major clusters and seven groups. All FtMTPs had typical structural features of the MTP gene family and were predicted to be located in the cell vacuole. The upstream region of FtMTPs contained abundant cis-acting elements, implying their functions in development progress and stress response. Tissue-specific expression analysis results indicated the regulation of FtMTPs in the growth and development of Fagopyrum tataricum. Besides, the expression of most FtMTP genes could be induced by multiple metals and showed different expression patterns under at least two metal stresses. These findings provide useful information for the research of the metal tolerance mechanism and genetic improvement of Fagopyrum tataricum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Li
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.L.); (K.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Chenglong Wang
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Post-Doctoral Research Station, Beijing Forestry University Forest Science Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kaiyi Wang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.L.); (K.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jiayu Zhao
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.L.); (K.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jirong Shao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China; (J.S.); (H.C.)
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China; (J.S.); (H.C.)
| | - Meiliang Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (M.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xuemei Zhu
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.L.); (K.W.); (J.Z.)
- Correspondence: (M.Z.); (X.Z.)
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Khalofah A, Kilany M, Migdadi H. Assessment of Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Mercury-Stressed Trigonella foenum-gracum L. to Silver Nanoparticles and Sphingobacterium ginsenosidiumtans Applications. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10071349. [PMID: 34371552 PMCID: PMC8309213 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metals are primarily generated and deposited in the environment, causing phytotoxicity. This work evaluated fenugreek plants’ morpho-physiological and biochemical responses under mercury stress conditions toward Ag nanoparticles and Sphingobacterium ginsenosidiumtans applications. The fabrication of Ag nanoparticles by Thymus vulgaris was monitored and described by UV/Vis analysis, FTIR, and SEM. The effect of mercury on vegetative growth was determined by measuring the root and shoots length, the number and area of leaves, the relative water content, and the weight of the green and dried plants; appraisal of photosynthetic pigments, proline, hydrogen peroxide, and total phenols content were also performed. In addition, the manipulation of Ag nanoparticles, S. ginsenosidiumtans, and their combination were tested for mercury stress. Here, Ag nanoparticles were formed at 420 nm with a uniform cuboid form and size of 85 nm. Interestingly, the gradual suppression of vegetal growth and photosynthetic pigments by mercury, Ag nanoparticles, and S. ginsenosidiumtans were detected; however, carotenoids and anthocyanins were significantly increased. In addition, proline, hydrogen peroxide, and total phenols content were significantly increased because mercury and S. ginsenosidiumtans enhance this increase. Ag nanoparticles achieve higher levels by the combination. Thus, S. ginsenosidiumtans and Ag nanoparticles could have the plausible ability to relieve and combat mercury’s dangerous effects in fenugreek.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam Khalofah
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mona Kilany
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Microbiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza 12561, Egypt
| | - Hussein Migdadi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
- National Agricultural Research Center, Baqa 19381, Jordan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-535871345
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Abstract
Abandoned mine lands (AMLs), which are considered some of the most dangerous anthropogenic activities in the world, are a source of hazards relating to potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Traditional reclamation techniques, which are expensive, time-consuming and not well accepted by the general public, cannot be used on a large scale. However, plant-based techniques have gained acceptance as an environmentally friendly alternative over the last 20 years. Plants can be used in AMLs for PTE phytoextraction, phytostabilization, and phytovolatilization. We reviewed these phytoremediation techniques, paying particular attention to the selection of appropriate plants in each case. In order to assess the suitability of plants for phytoremediation purposes, the accumulation capacity and tolerance mechanisms of PTEs was described. We also compiled a collection of interesting actual examples of AML phytoremediation. On-site studies have shown positive results in terms of soil quality improvement, reduced PTE bioavailability, and increased biodiversity. However, phytoremediation strategies need to better characterize potential plant candidates in order to improve PTE extraction and to reduce the negative impact on AMLs.
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Ahmad P, Alyemeni MN, Wijaya L, Ahanger MA, Ashraf M, Alam P, Paray BA, Rinklebe J. Nitric oxide donor, sodium nitroprusside, mitigates mercury toxicity in different cultivars of soybean. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 408:124852. [PMID: 33383453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study reveals the effect of mercury (Hg) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on plant growth and metabolism in soybean cultivars (Pusa-24, Pusa-37and Pusa-40). Mercury stress decreased growth and biomass yield, and gas exchange attributes in all soybean cultivars. External supplementation of SNP mitigated Hg toxicity by improving growth and gas exchange parameters. Electrolyte leakage (EL) increased accompanied with elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 under Hg stress, however, they were found to be reduced in all cultivars upon the exogenous application of SNP. The activities of anti-oxidative enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase (SOD and CAT) and those enzymes involved in the ascorbate-glutathione pathway were impaired by Hg stress, but they were regulated by the application of SNP. Accumulation of Hg and NO in the shoots and roots were also regulated by the application of NO. Although, all three cultivars were affected by Hg stress, Pusa-37 was relatively less affected. Mercury stress affected the growth and development of different soybean cultivars, but Pusa-37 being tolerant was less affected. Pusa-37 was found to be more responsive to SNP than Pusa-24, Pusa-40 under Hg toxicity. The external supplementation of SNP could be a sustainable approach to economically utilize Hg affected soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leonard Wijaya
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Pravej Alam
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University (PSAU), Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bilal Ahamad Paray
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water, and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil, and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy, and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
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20
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de Lima FRD, Barbosa AP, Vasques ICF, Oliveira JR, Silva AO, Martins GC, Engelhardt MM, Pereira P, Dos Reis RHCL, Guilherme LRG, Marques JJ. Physiological effects of mercury-contaminated Oxisols on common bean and oat. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:11279-11288. [PMID: 33113065 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11286-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metal mercury (Hg) is one of the most complex and toxic pollutants. When present in soils, it may impair plant growth, but the intensity of damage depends on the physical-chemical properties of the soil such as pH, clay, and organic matter content, which in turn affects Hg sorption and bioavailability. Understanding Hg potential damage to staple food crops is of paramount relevance. Here, we evaluated the physiological effects of Hg in Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean) and Avena sativa (oat) cultivated in two Oxisols with contrasting properties: Rhodic Acrudox (RA) and Typic Hapludox (TH). We performed four independent experiments (one per species/soil combination) that lasted 30 days each. Treatments were composed by HgCl2 concentrations in soils (0 to 80 mg kg-1 Hg). At the end of the experiment, we determined the impact of Hg on photosynthesis, nutritional status, and oxidative stress. Cultivation in TH contaminated with Hg resulted in oxidative stress in common bean and decreased photosynthesis/P accumulation in oat. No deleterious effects on physiological variables were detected in both species when cultivated in the RA soil. In general, we conclude that the lower Hg sorption in the TH soil resulted in toxicity-like responses, while acclimation-like responses were observed in plants cultivated in RA, reinforcing soil physical-chemical properties as key features driving Hg toxicity in Oxisols. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Pita Barbosa
- Center for Coastal, Limnological and Marine Studies, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Imbé, Rio Grande do Sul State, 95625-000, Brazil
| | | | - Jakeline Rosa Oliveira
- Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais State, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Oliveira Silva
- Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais State, 37200-900, Brazil
| | | | - Mateus Moreira Engelhardt
- Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais State, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Polyana Pereira
- Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais State, 37200-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - João José Marques
- Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais State, 37200-900, Brazil.
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Saleh AM, Hassan YM, Habeeb TH, Alkhalaf AA, Hozzein WN, Selim S, AbdElgawad H. Interactive effects of mercuric oxide nanoparticles and future climate CO 2 on maize plant. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123849. [PMID: 33113748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
So far, the phytotoxic hazards of nano-sized mercuric oxide (HgO-NPs) are not investigated. Herein, the phytotoxicity of fully characterized HgO-NPs (100 mg/kg soil), prepared by coprecipitation method, on maize grown under ambient (aCO2, 410 ppm) and elevated CO2 (eCO2, 620 ppm) was investigated. Regardless of CO2 concentration, HgO-NPs treatment increased Hg levels in maize organs. HgO-NPs induced severe oxidative stress in aCO2 grown plants as indicated by reduced growth and photosynthesis and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), through photorespiration and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activities, and lipid and protein oxidation products. Although HgO-NPs increased molecular (polyphenols, flavonoids, tocopherols) and enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase) antioxidants in shoots of aCO2 plants, but this failed to fight the eruption of increased ROS. On contrary, eCO2 treatment mitigated the HgO-NPs impact by promoting photosynthesis and reducing the Hg-induced ROS production. Moreover, eCO2 promoted ROS detoxification via molecular antioxidants overproduction, enhanced superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidases activities, and modulation of reduced ascorbate/oxidized ascorbate and reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione homeostasis. The combined HgO-NPs + eCO2 treatment also enhanced the glutathione-S-transferase activity. This study suggests that HgO-NPs cause severe phytotoxic hazards and this effect will be less detrimental under future CO2 climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Saleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; Biology Department, Faculty of Science at Yanbu, Taibah University, King Khalid Rd., Al Amoedi, 46423 Yanbu El-Bahr, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser M Hassan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Talaat H Habeeb
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science at Yanbu, Taibah University, King Khalid Rd., Al Amoedi, 46423 Yanbu El-Bahr, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej A Alkhalaf
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael N Hozzein
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt; Bioproducts Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, P.O. 2014, Jouf, Saudi Arabia; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, P.O. 41522, Egypt
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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AbdElgawad H, Hassan YM, Alotaibi MO, Mohammed AE, Saleh AM. C3 and C4 plant systems respond differently to the concurrent challenges of mercuric oxide nanoparticles and future climate CO 2. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 749:142356. [PMID: 33370918 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Future climate CO2 (eCO2) and contamination with nano-sized heavy metals (HM-NPs) represent concurrent challenges threatening plants. The interaction between eCO2 and HM-NPs is rarely investigated, and no study has addressed their synchronous impact on the metabolism of the multifunctional stress-related metabolites, such as sugars and amino acids. Moreover, the characteristic responses of C3 and C4 plant systems to the concurrent impact of eCO2 and HM-NPs are poorly understood. Herein, we have assessed the impact of eCO2 (620 ppm) and/or HgO-NPs (100 mg/Kg soil) on growth, physiology and metabolism of sugars and amino acids, particularly proline, in C3 (wheat) and C4 (maize) plant systems. Under Hg-free conditions, eCO2 treatment markedly improved the growth and photosynthesis and induced sugars levels and metabolism (glucose, fructose, sucrose, starch, sucrose P synthase and starch synthase) in wheat (C3) only. In contrast, HgO-NPs induced the uptake, accumulation and translocation of Hg in wheat and to less extend in maize plants. Particularly in wheat, this induced significant decreases in growth and photosynthesis and increases in photorespiration, dark respiration and levels of tricarboxylic acid cycle organic acids. Interestingly, the co-application of eCO2 reduced the accumulation of Hg and recovered the HgO-NPs-induced effects on growth and metabolism in both plants. At stress defense level, HgO-NPs induced the accumulation of sucrose and proline, more in maize, via upregulation of sucrose P synthase, ornithine amino transferase, ∆1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) synthetase and P5C reductase. The co-existence of eCO2 favored reduced sucrose biosynthesis and induced proline catabolism, which provide high energy to resume plant growth. Overall, despite the difference in their response to eCO2 under normal conditions, eCO2 induced similar metabolic events in C3 and C4 plants under stressful conditions, which trigger stress recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, 62521 Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Yasser M Hassan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, 62521 Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Modhi O Alotaibi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Afrah E Mohammed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Saleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; Biology Department, Faculty of Science at Yanbu, Taibah University, King Khalid Rd., Al Amoedi, 46423 Yanbu El-Bahr, Saudi Arabia.
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23
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Kumari A, Chaudhary HK. Nutraceutical crop buckwheat: a concealed wealth in the lap of Himalayas. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:539-554. [PMID: 32290728 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1747387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Buckwheat is a crop that has gained considerable interest worldwide due to its nutritional, economical, and pharmaceutical values. To ensure food and nutritional security in a scenario of global climate change, this pseudocereal is a competent alternative to staple crops. With rising knowledge regarding the nutraceutical potential, the popularity of this species is expected to increase further in coming years. The main bioactive component of this species is rutin that has been proven to have a wide range of health-promoting benefits. Due to breeding constraints, asynchronous maturity, seed shattering, and restricted distribution, this species holds the status of an underutilized or neglected crop in many parts of the world. In the North-western Himalayan zone, it is an integral part of local dietary intake and is grown as a second crop after harvesting barley and peas. Fagopyrum esculentum and F. tataricum are the species of buckwheat cultivated in the North-western Himalayas. However, more studies in the direction of conservation, utilization, and genetic amelioration of plant genetic resources are needed to sustain food security in Southeast Asia. The present review paper accentuates the multicore potential of buckwheat besides highlighting the commercial and pharmaceutical perspective. This article also focuses on the conservation and sustainable utilization of Himalayan gene pools, desirable agronomic traits, and genetic diversity besides focusing on the biochemical and molecular response of Fagopyrum to biotic and abiotic stress including modulation of the rutin content. The role of biotechnological interventions and future prospects are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kumari
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Tissue Culture Lab, Department of Crop Improvement, CSK HP Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Harinder Kumar Chaudhary
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Tissue Culture Lab, Department of Crop Improvement, CSK HP Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Shahid M, Khalid S, Bibi I, Bundschuh J, Khan Niazi N, Dumat C. A critical review of mercury speciation, bioavailability, toxicity and detoxification in soil-plant environment: Ecotoxicology and health risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 711:134749. [PMID: 32000322 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contamination by a non-essential and non-beneficial, although potentially toxic mercury (Hg), is becoming a great threat to the living organisms at a global scale. Owing to its various uses in numerous industrial processes, high amount of Hg is released into different environmental compartments. Environmental Hg contamination can result in food chain contamination, especially due to its accumulation in edible plant parts. Consumption of Hg-rich food is a key source of Hg exposure to humans. Since Hg does not possess any identified biological role and has genotoxic and carcinogenic potential, it is critical to monitor its biogeochemical behavior in the soil-plant system and its influence in terms of possible food chain contamination and human exposure. This review traces a plausible link among Hg levels, its chemical speciation and phytoavailability in soil, accumulation in plants, phytotoxicity and detoxification of Hg inside the plant. The role of different enzymatic (peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase) and non-enzymatic (glutathione, phytochelatins, proline and ascorbic acid) antioxidants has also been elucidated with respect to enhanced generation of reactive radicles and resulting oxidative stress. The review also outlines Hg build-up in edible plant tissues and associated health risks. The biogeochemical role of Hg in the soil-plant system and associated health risks have been described with well summarized and up-to-date data in 12 tables and 4 figures. We believe that this comprehensive review article and meta-analysis of Hg data can be greatly valuable for scientists, researchers, policymakers and graduate-level students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari-61100, Pakistan.
| | - Sana Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari-61100, Pakistan
| | - Irshad Bibi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Camille Dumat
- Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Travail Organisation Pouvoir (CERTOP), UMR5044, Université J. Jaurès - Toulouse II, 5 allée Machado A., 31058 Toulouse, cedex 9, France; Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; Association Réseau-Agriville (http://reseau-agriville.com/), France
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25
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Rimondi V, Benesperi R, Beutel MW, Chiarantini L, Costagliola P, Lattanzi P, Medas D, Morelli G. Monitoring of Airborne Mercury: Comparison of Different Techniques in the Monte Amiata District, Southern Tuscany, Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17072353. [PMID: 32244315 PMCID: PMC7177839 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, mercury (Hg) concentrations were investigated in lichens (Flavoparmelia caperata (L.) Hale, Parmelia saxatilis (L.) Ach., and Xanthoria parietina (L.) Th.Fr.) collected in the surrounding of the dismissed Abbadia San Salvatore Hg mine (Monte Amiata district, Italy). Results were integrated with Hg concentrations in tree barks and literature data of gaseous Hg levels determined by passive air samplers (PASs) in the same area. The ultimate goal was to compare results obtained by the three monitoring techniques to evaluate potential mismatches. Lichens displayed 180–3600 ng/g Hg, and Hg concentrations decreased exponentially with distance from the mine. Mercury concentration was lower than in Pinus nigra barks at the same site. There was a moderate correlation between Hg in lichen and Hg in bark, suggesting similar mechanisms of Hg uptake and residence times. However, correlation with published gaseous Hg concentrations (PASs) was moderate at best (Kendall Tau = 0.4–0.5, p > 0.05). The differences occurred because a) PASs collected gaseous Hg, whereas lichens and barks also picked up particulate Hg, and b) lichens and bark had a dynamic exchange with the atmosphere. Lichen, bark, and PAS outline different and complementary aspects of airborne Hg content and efficient monitoring programs in contaminated areas would benefit from the integration of data from different techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Rimondi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Firenze, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Firenze, Italy; (L.C.); (P.C.)
- CNR-IGG, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Firenze, Italy; (P.L.); (G.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-055-2757506
| | - Renato Benesperi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Firenze, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Firenze, Italy;
| | - Marc W. Beutel
- University of California, Merced, 5200 Lake Road, Merced, CA 95343, USA;
| | - Laura Chiarantini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Firenze, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Firenze, Italy; (L.C.); (P.C.)
- Centro di Servizi di Microscopia Elettronica e Microanalisi (M.E.M.A), Università di Firenze, Via G. Capponi 3r, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Pilario Costagliola
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Firenze, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Firenze, Italy; (L.C.); (P.C.)
- CNR-IGG, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Firenze, Italy; (P.L.); (G.M.)
| | | | - Daniela Medas
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy;
| | - Guia Morelli
- CNR-IGG, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Firenze, Italy; (P.L.); (G.M.)
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Pirzadah TB, Malik B, Tahir I, Rehman RU, Hakeem KR, Alharby HF. Aluminium stress modulates the osmolytes and enzyme defense system in Fagopyrum species. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 144:178-186. [PMID: 31574383 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation describes aluminum-induced changes in the leaves of two buckwheat species using both physiological and biochemical indices. With increasing levels of Al (viz. 100, 200 and 300 μM), the mean length of root, shoot as well as their biomass accumulation decreased linearly with respect to control. Tolerance test of F. kashmirianum revealed that it was more tolerant to Al-stress than F. tataricum as revealed by higher accumulation of Al in its roots without any significant damage. Translocation factor (TF) values of both species were found to be < 1, indicating more Al is restrained in roots. Total chlorophyll showed a non-significant increase in F. tataricum while as decreased in F. kashmirianum at 300 μM concentration besides, the carotenoid content exhibited inclined trend in F. tataricum and showed a concomitant decrease in F. kashmirianum. The anthocyanin level showed a non-significant decline in F. kashmirianum. Exposure to different Al-treatments enhances malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2 and membrane stability index (MSI) in both species, with increases being greater in F. kashmirianum than F. tataricum as also revealed by DAB-mediated in vivo histo-chemical detection method. The osmolyte level in general were elevated in both buckwheat species however, enhancement was more in F. tataricum than F. kashmirianum. The activities of antioxidant enzymes viz. superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were positively correlated with Al-treatment except catalase (CAT) which exhibits a reverse outcome in F. kashmirianum. The present investigation could play an essential role to better understand the detoxification mechanisms of Al in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanveer Bilal Pirzadah
- Department of Bioresources, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India; Department of Bioresources, Amar Singh College (Cluster University), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Bisma Malik
- Department of Bioresources, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Inayatullah Tahir
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Reiaz Ul Rehman
- Department of Bioresources, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India.
| | - Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Princess Dr Najla Bint Saud Al- Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hesham F Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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27
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Mojica-Vázquez LH, Madrigal-Zarraga D, García-Martínez R, Boube M, Calderón-Segura ME, Oyallon J. Mercury chloride exposure induces DNA damage, reduces fertility, and alters somatic and germline cells in Drosophila melanogaster ovaries. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:32322-32332. [PMID: 31598926 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06449-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mercury exposure has been shown to affect the reproductive system in many organisms, although the molecular mechanisms are still elusive. In the present study, we exposed Drosophila melanogaster Canton-S adult females to concentrations of 0 mM, 0.1 mM, 0.3 mM, 3 mM, and 30 mM of mercury chloride (HgCl2) for 24 h, 48 h, or 72 h to determine how mercury could affect fertility. Alkaline assays performed on dissected ovaries showed that mercury induced DNA damage that is not only dose-dependent but also time-dependent. All ovaries treated for 72 h have incorporated mercury and exhibit size reduction. Females treated with 30 mM HgCl2, the highest dose, had atrophied ovaries and exhibited a drastic 7-fold reduction in egg laying. Confocal microscopy analysis revealed that exposure to HgCl2 disrupts germinal and somatic cell organization in the germarium and leads to the aberrant expression of a germline-specific gene in somatic follicle cells in developing egg chambers. Together, these results highlight the potential long-term impact of mercury on germline and ovarian cells that might involve gene deregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Humberto Mojica-Vázquez
- Genotoxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico, Mexico.
| | - Diana Madrigal-Zarraga
- Genotoxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Rocío García-Martínez
- Genotoxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Muriel Boube
- Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI)-CBD, UMR5547 CNRS/Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - María Elena Calderón-Segura
- Genotoxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Justine Oyallon
- Genotoxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico, Mexico.
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28
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Alharby HF, Al-Zahrani HS, Hakeem KR, Iqbal M. Identification of physiological and biochemical markers for salt (NaCl) stress in the seedlings of mungbean [ Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] genotypes. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 26:1053-1060. [PMID: 31303840 PMCID: PMC6600807 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt stress, which is dominant among environmental stresses, poses challenges to global agriculture. We studied the role of exogenous application of sodium chloride (NaCl) in three arid and three semi-arid genotypes of mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] by examining some physiological and biochemical stress indicators. Ten-day old seedlings were subjected to salt stress (00-250 mM) by split application along with the half strength Hoagland's medium. The salt stress caused a decline in the fresh weight, dry weight, relative water content, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids) and glutathione content of the seedlings. On the other hand, it increased the electrolyte leakage, lipoxygenase activity, and the proline, protein and total soluble sugar contents. Osmolyte accumulation was relatively higher in the arid genotypes revealing that they are more tolerant to NaCl stress. The physiological and biochemical screening provides a basic platform for selecting the stress-tolerant genotypes in the absence of suitable salt-tolerance markers in mungbean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham F. Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan S. Al-Zahrani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Botany Department, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
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29
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Hakeem KR, Alharby HF, Rehman R. Antioxidative defense mechanism against lead-induced phytotoxicity in Fagopyrum kashmirianum. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 216:595-604. [PMID: 30390590 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effect of lead (Pb)-induced oxidative stress was investigated in Fagopyrum kashmirianum. The seedlings absorbed the Pb readily by showing time (15 and 30 days) and concentration (0, 100, 200 and 300 μM) dependent effects. Pb caused reduction in both root and shoot lengths but its accumulation was more in roots (22.32 mg g-1 DW) than shoots (8.86 mg g-1 DW) at the highest concentration (300 μM) resulting in translocation factor (TF) < 1 at all concentrations. Thus the uptake and translocation of Pb between roots and shoots showed a positive correlation indicating the plant as root accumulator. Amongst the photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll content showed a decline while the carotenoid and anthocyanin levels were elevated. The fresh mass and biomass showed a non-significant decrease at both the sampling times. The osmolyte and antioxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT, APX. POD, GR and GST) were positively correlated with Pb treatments except proline and CAT, which showed decline in 30-day-old plants. The alleviation of Pb-stress is an indication for existence of strong detoxification mechanism in F. kashmirianum, which suggest that it could be cultivated in Pb-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hesham F Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Reiazul Rehman
- Department of Bioresources, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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