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Lewis DA, Mitchell T, Kowal E. Precision medicine in Australia: indigenous health professionals are needed to improve equity for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders. Int J Equity Health 2024; 23:134. [PMID: 38965527 PMCID: PMC11223270 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-024-02202-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Precision medicine, also known as "personalised medicine", seeks to identify strategies in the prevention and treatment of disease informed by a patient's genomic information. This allows a targeted approach to disease identification with the intention of reducing the burden of illness. Currently, both the emerging field of precision medicine and the established field of clinical genetics are highly reliant on genomic databases which are fraught with inbuilt biases, particularly from sample populations. The inequities of most concern here are those affecting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (or Zenadth Kes) peoples of Australia (hereafter, respectfully, Indigenous Australians). It is with this perspective that the Summer internship forINdigenous peoples inGenomics Australia endeavours to support the development of culturally appropriate genomic research with Indigenous Australians. We argue here that Indigenous researchers are best placed to create the informed, culturally safe environment necessary for Indigenous Australians to participate in genomic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn Alison Lewis
- University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Deakin University, Burwood Campus, 3125, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tala Mitchell
- Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Deakin University, Burwood Campus, 3125, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Emma Kowal
- Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Deakin University, Burwood Campus, 3125, Melbourne, Australia.
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2
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Islam M, Valiani AA, Datta R, Chowdhury M, Turin TC. Ethical and Equitable Digital Health Research: Ensuring Self-Determination in Data Governance for Racialized Communities. Camb Q Healthc Ethics 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38567458 DOI: 10.1017/s096318012400015x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies highlight the need for ethical and equitable digital health research that protects the rights and interests of racialized communities. We argue for practices in digital health that promote data self-determination for these communities, especially in data collection and management. We suggest that researchers partner with racialized communities to curate data that reflects their wellness understandings and health priorities, and respects their consent over data use for policy and other outcomes. These data governance approach honors and builds on Indigenous Data Sovereignty (IDS) decolonial scholarship by Indigenous and non-indigenous researchers and its adaptations to health research involving racialized communities from former European colonies in the global South. We discuss strategies to practice equity, diversity, inclusion, accessibility and decolonization (EDIAD) principles in digital health. We draw upon and adapt the concept of Precision Health Equity (PHE) to emphasize models of data sharing that are co-defined by racialized communities and researchers, and stress their shared governance and stewardship of data that is generated from digital health research. This paper contributes to an emerging research on equity issues in digital health and reducing health, institutional, and technological disparities. It also promotes the self-determination of racialized peoples through ethical data management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozharul Islam
- Department of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Sociology, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Arafaat A Valiani
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of History, Department of Indigenous, Race and Ethnic Studies, Global Health Program, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Ranjan Datta
- Canada Research Chair in Community Disaster Research at the Indigenous Studies, Department of Humanities, Mount Royal University, Calgary, Canada
| | - Mohammad Chowdhury
- Department of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Tanvir C Turin
- Department of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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3
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Dolan DD, Cho MK, Lee SSJ. Spotlighting Structural Constraints on Decisions About Participation in Genomic and Precision Medicine. AJOB Empir Bioeth 2024; 15:87-92. [PMID: 38776221 PMCID: PMC11180498 DOI: 10.1080/23294515.2024.2355893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Deanne Dunbar Dolan
- Center for ELSI Resources and Analysis (CERA), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mildred K. Cho
- Stanford Center for Biomedical Ethics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Soo-Jin Lee
- Division of Ethics, Department of Medical Humanities & Ethics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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4
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Claw KG, Dorr CR, Woodahl EL. Implementing community-engaged pharmacogenomics in Indigenous communities. Nat Commun 2024; 15:920. [PMID: 38296967 PMCID: PMC10831049 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45032-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Katrina G Claw
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Casey R Dorr
- Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Erica L Woodahl
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
- L.S. Skaggs Institute for Health Innovation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
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5
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Valiani AA, Anderson D, Gonzales A, Gray M, Hardcastle L, Turin TC. Precision health equity for racialized communities. Int J Equity Health 2023; 22:259. [PMID: 38087341 PMCID: PMC10714611 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-023-02049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last three decades, a cohort of genomicists have intentionally sought to include more racially diverse people in their research in human genomics and precision medicine. How such efforts to be inclusive in human genomic research and precision medicine are modeled and enacted, specifically if the terms of inclusion are equitable for these communities remains to be explored. In this commentary, we review the historical context in which issues of racial inclusion arose with early genome and genetics projects. We then discuss attempts to include racialized peoples in more recent human genomics research. In conclusion, we raise critical issues to consider in the future of equitable human genomics and precision medicine research involving racialized communities, particularly as it concerns working towards what we call Precision Health Equity (PHE). Specifically, we examine issues of genetic data governance and the terms of participation in inclusive human genomics and precision health research. We do so by drawing on insights and protocols developed by researchers investigating Indigenous Data Sovereignty and propose exploring their application and adaptation to precision health research involving racialized communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arafaat A Valiani
- The Department of History and Global Health Program, University of Oregon, 1288 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA.
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3D10, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
| | - David Anderson
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, HMRB 231, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Angela Gonzales
- School of Social Transformation, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Arizona State University, PO Box 876403, Tempe, AZ, 85287-6403, USA
| | - Mandi Gray
- The Department of Sociology, Otonabee College 221.1, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, K9J 7B8, Canada
| | - Lorian Hardcastle
- Faculty of Law, University of Calgary, Murray Fraser Hall 3345, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Tanvir C Turin
- The Department of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, HSC G012, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
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6
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Rayfield KM, Mychajliw AM, Singleton RR, Sholts SB, Hofman CA. Uncovering the Holocene roots of contemporary disease-scapes: bringing archaeology into One Health. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20230525. [PMID: 38052246 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.0525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The accelerating pace of emerging zoonotic diseases in the twenty-first century has motivated cross-disciplinary collaboration on One Health approaches, combining microbiology, veterinary and environmental sciences, and epidemiology for outbreak prevention and mitigation. Such outbreaks are often caused by spillovers attributed to human activities that encroach on wildlife habitats and ecosystems, such as land use change, industrialized food production, urbanization and animal trade. While the origin of anthropogenic effects on animal ecology and biogeography can be traced to the Late Pleistocene, the archaeological record-a long-term archive of human-animal-environmental interactions-has largely been untapped in these One Health approaches, thus limiting our understanding of these dynamics over time. In this review, we examine how humans, as niche constructors, have facilitated new host species and 'disease-scapes' from the Late Pleistocene to the Anthropocene, by viewing zooarchaeological, bioarchaeological and palaeoecological data with a One Health perspective. We also highlight how new biomolecular tools and advances in the '-omics' can be holistically coupled with archaeological and palaeoecological reconstructions in the service of studying zoonotic disease emergence and re-emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M Rayfield
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Laboratories of Molecular Anthropology & Microbiome Research, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019-0390, USA
- Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alexis M Mychajliw
- Laboratories of Molecular Anthropology & Microbiome Research, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019-0390, USA
- Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Biology & Program in Environmental Studies, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT 05753-6203, USA
| | - Robin R Singleton
- Laboratories of Molecular Anthropology & Microbiome Research, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019-0390, USA
| | - Sabrina B Sholts
- Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Courtney A Hofman
- Laboratories of Molecular Anthropology & Microbiome Research, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019-0390, USA
- Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
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7
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Bader AC, Van Zuylen EM, Handsley-Davis M, Alegado RA, Benezra A, Pollet RM, Ehau-Taumaunu H, Weyrich LS, Anderson MZ. A relational framework for microbiome research with Indigenous communities. Nat Microbiol 2023; 8:1768-1776. [PMID: 37770743 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01471-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Ethical practices in human microbiome research have failed to keep pace with scientific advances in the field. Researchers seeking to 'preserve' microbial species associated with Indigenous groups, but absent from industrialized populations, have largely failed to include Indigenous people in knowledge co-production or benefit, perpetuating a legacy of intellectual and material extraction. We propose a framework centred on relationality among Indigenous peoples, researchers and microbes, to guide ethical microbiome research. Our framework centres accountability to flatten historical power imbalances that favour researcher perspectives and interests to provide space for Indigenous worldviews in pursuit of Indigenous research sovereignty. Ethical inclusion of Indigenous communities in microbiome research can provide health benefits for all populations and reinforce mutually beneficial partnerships between researchers and the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa C Bader
- Department of Anthropology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Essie M Van Zuylen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin North, Dunedin, New Zealand
- School of Product Design, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Matilda Handsley-Davis
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage (CABAH), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rosanna A Alegado
- Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Amber Benezra
- Department of Science and Technology Studies, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA
| | | | - Hanareia Ehau-Taumaunu
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Laura S Weyrich
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage (CABAH), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Matthew Z Anderson
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Center for Genomic Science Innovation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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8
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Jabloner A, Walker A. The Pitfalls of Genomic Data Diversity. Hastings Cent Rep 2023; 53:10-13. [PMID: 37963133 PMCID: PMC10655895 DOI: 10.1002/hast.1511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Biomedical research recruitment today focuses on including participants representative of global genetic variation-rightfully so. But ethnographic attention to practices of inclusion highlights how this agenda often transforms into "predatory inclusion," simplistic pushes to get Black and brown people into genomic databases. As anthropologists of medicine, we argue that the question of how to get from diverse data to concrete benefit for people who are marginalized cannot be presumed to work itself out as a byproduct of diverse datasets. To actualize the equitable translation of genomics, practitioners need to place the impacts of ancestral genetic difference in the scope of much more impactful social determinants. For this to happen, multidisciplinary expertise needs to be leveraged, and current, structurally unequal health care systems ultimately need to transform. As modest steps toward this goal, new models for benefit-sharing must be developed and implemented to mitigate existing inequality between data donors and the entities profiting from that data.
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9
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Casaletto J, Bernier A, McDougall R, Cline MS. Federated Analysis for Privacy-Preserving Data Sharing: A Technical and Legal Primer. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2023; 24:347-368. [PMID: 37253596 PMCID: PMC10846631 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-110122-084756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Continued advances in precision medicine rely on the widespread sharing of data that relate human genetic variation to disease. However, data sharing is severely limited by legal, regulatory, and ethical restrictions that safeguard patient privacy. Federated analysis addresses this problem by transferring the code to the data-providing the technical and legal capability to analyze the data within their secure home environment rather than transferring the data to another institution for analysis. This allows researchers to gain new insights from data that cannot be moved, while respecting patient privacy and the data stewards' legal obligations. Because federated analysis is a technical solution to the legal challenges inherent in data sharing, the technology and policy implications must be evaluated together. Here, we summarize the technical approaches to federated analysis and provide a legal analysis of their policy implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Casaletto
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA; ,
| | - Alexander Bernier
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; ,
| | - Robyn McDougall
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; ,
| | - Melissa S Cline
- Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA; ,
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10
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Kokunda S, Nahabwe H, Nahamya J, Niwamanya S, Mazirwe R, Gougsa S, Kemigisha E, Redvers N. Batwa Indigenous Peoples forced eviction for "Conservation": A qualitative examination on community impacts. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0002129. [PMID: 37585374 PMCID: PMC10431614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
In 1991, the Ugandan government formally established National Parks within the ancestral homelands of the Batwa Peoples. No consultation was carried out with local Batwa communities, and they were consequently forcibly evicted from their Forest home. With this, we sought to better understand the impacts of forced Land eviction through the lens of solastalgia. Nineteen semi-structured interviews were carried out with adult Batwa Peoples of varying age and gender in Uganda from August to November 2022. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and thematic analysis was carried out on the interview transcripts to identify themes from the initial codes. Four overarching themes were identified, including: 1) Our love and connection with the Forest; 2) What was left in the Forest when we were evicted; 3) What eviction from the Forest did to us as Batwa Peoples; and 4) Batwa People's Landback and returning to the Forest ('Indigenous Lands back into Indigenous hands'). As movement towards the global "30 by 30" conservation agenda occurs, we urge researchers, policy makers, and leaders to listen to the voices of Indigenous Peoples like the Batwa with a key focus on Landback and movement towards a clearer understanding and appreciation of the impacts of Western conservation agendas on Indigenous Peoples globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Kokunda
- Action for Batwa Empowerment Group, Kanungu District, Uganda
| | - Haven Nahabwe
- Bwindi Community Hospital, Community Health and Batwa Department, Kanungu, Uganda
| | | | | | - Ronald Mazirwe
- Action for Batwa Empowerment Group, Kanungu District, Uganda
| | - Samrawit Gougsa
- Minority Rights Group, London, United Kingdom
- The Hub at Wellcome Collection, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Kemigisha
- Department of Human Development and Relational Sciences, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Studies, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
- African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Nicole Redvers
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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11
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Dolan DD, Cho MK, Lee SSJ. Innovating for a Just and Equitable Future in Genomic and Precision Medicine Research. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS : AJOB 2023; 23:1-4. [PMID: 37353052 PMCID: PMC10339710 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2023.2215201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Deanne Dunbar Dolan
- Center for ELSI Resources and Analysis (CERA), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mildred K. Cho
- Stanford Center for Biomedical Ethics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Soo-Jin Lee
- Division of Ethics, Department of Medical Humanities & Ethics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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12
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Snodgrass JJ. Minimally invasive biomarkers in human population biology research, part 2: An introduction to the special issue. Am J Hum Biol 2022; 34:e23822. [PMID: 36256677 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past several decades, biomarkers have become indispensable tools in human biology, allowing researchers to investigate biocultural and evolutionary questions and to generate basic data on health and well-being. Human biologists are central players in biomarker methods development, pioneering the creation of "field friendly," minimally invasively collected biomarker approaches, as well as leading the innovative use of biomarkers, most notably to map the complex pathways from social and environmental conditions to altered physiology to health effects. This special issue, Part 2 of a collection focused on minimally invasively collected biomarkers, is comprised of nine papers that jointly contribute to driving the science of biomarker methods development and application. This compilation of papers engages with topics such as biological normalcy, ecoimmunology, and the ethics of working with vulnerable and underserved populations. It also focuses attention on research areas at present not emphasized in human biology such as bone turnover markers as a window onto osteoporosis and osteoarthritis and the use of cancer-related biomarkers in population screening and epidemiology. Taken together, these papers help draw the roadmap for future biomarker work, emphasizing: (1) the need for systematic and transparent approaches to assay validation, with open access publication; (2) simultaneous measurement of multiple biomarkers and expanded use of instrument platforms that increase the range of physiological, genomics, and omics markers available to researchers; and, (3) increased attention to ethics and researcher responsibilities, encouraging a mindset that recognizes our obligation to provide benefits to individuals and communities and to help redress past abuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Josh Snodgrass
- Global Health Biomarker Laboratory, Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.,Center for Global Health, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.,Global Station for Indigenous Studies and Cultural Diversity, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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13
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Boscarino N, Cartwright RA, Fox K, Tsosie KS. Federated learning and Indigenous genomic data sovereignty. NAT MACH INTELL 2022; 4:909-911. [PMID: 36504698 PMCID: PMC9731328 DOI: 10.1038/s42256-022-00551-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Indigenous peoples are under-represented in genomic datasets, which can lead to limited accuracy and utility of machine learning models in precision health. While open data sharing undermines rights of Indigenous communities to govern data decisions, federated learning may facilitate secure and community-consented data sharing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reed A. Cartwright
- The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Keolu Fox
- Department of Anthropology and Global Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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14
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Madimenos FC, Gildner TE, Eick GN, Sugiyama LS, Snodgrass JJ. Bringing the lab bench to the field: Point-of-care testing for enhancing health research and stakeholder engagement in rural/remote, indigenous, and resource-limited contexts. Am J Hum Biol 2022; 34:e23808. [PMID: 36166487 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Point-of-care testing (POCT) allows researchers and health-care providers to bring the lab bench to the field, providing essential health information that can be leveraged to improve health care, accessibility, and understanding across clinical and research settings. Gaps in health service access are most pronounced in what we term RIR settings-rural/remote regions, involving Indigenous peoples, and/or within resource-limited settings. In these contexts, morbidity and mortality from infectious and non-communicable diseases are disproportionately higher due to numerous geographic, economic, political, and sociohistorical factors. Human biologists and global health scholars are well-positioned to contribute on-the-ground-level insights that can serve to minimize global health inequities and POCT has the potential to augment such approaches. While the clinical benefits of POCT include increasing health service access by bringing testing, rapid diagnosis, and treatment to underserved communities with limited pathways to centralized laboratory testing, POCT also provides added benefits to both health-focused researchers and their participants. Through portable, minimally invasive devices, researchers can provide actionable health data to participants by coupling POCT with population-specific health education, discussing results and their implications, creating space for participants to voice concerns, and facilitating linkages to treatment. POCT can also strengthen human biology research by shedding light on questions of evolutionary and biocultural importance. Here, we expand on the epidemiological and research value, as well as practical and ethical challenges of POCT across stakeholders (i.e., participant, community, health researcher, and trainee). Finally, we emphasize the immense opportunities of POCT for fostering collaborative research and enhancing access to health delivery and information and, by extension, helping to mitigate persistent global health inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia C Madimenos
- Department of Anthropology, Queens College (CUNY), New York, USA.,New York Consortium of Evolutionary Primatology (NYCEP), CUNY Graduate Center, New York, USA
| | - Theresa E Gildner
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Geeta N Eick
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | | | - James J Snodgrass
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.,Center for Global Health, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.,Global Station for Indigenous Studies and Cultural Diversity, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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15
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Rahimzadeh V, Friedman JM, de Wert G, Knoppers BM. Exome/Genome-Wide Testing in Newborn Screening: A Proportionate Path Forward. Front Genet 2022; 13:865400. [PMID: 35860465 PMCID: PMC9289115 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.865400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Population-based newborn screening (NBS) is among the most effective public health programs ever launched, improving health outcomes for newborns who screen positive worldwide through early detection and clinical intervention for genetic disorders discovered in the earliest hours of life. Key to the success of newborn screening programs has been near universal accessibility and participation. Interest has been building to expand newborn screening programs to also include many rare genetic diseases that can now be identified by exome or genome sequencing (ES/GS). Significant declines in sequencing costs as well as improvements to sequencing technologies have enabled researchers to elucidate novel gene-disease associations that motivate possible expansion of newborn screening programs. In this paper we consider recommendations from professional genetic societies in Europe and North America in light of scientific advances in ES/GS and our current understanding of the limitations of ES/GS approaches in the NBS context. We invoke the principle of proportionality—that benefits clearly outweigh associated risks—and the human right to benefit from science to argue that rigorous evidence is still needed for ES/GS that demonstrates clinical utility, accurate genomic variant interpretation, cost effectiveness and universal accessibility of testing and necessary follow-up care and treatment. Confirmatory or second-tier testing using ES/GS may be appropriate as an adjunct to conventional newborn screening in some circumstances. Such cases could serve as important testbeds from which to gather data on relevant programmatic barriers and facilitators to wider ES/GS implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Rahimzadeh
- Stanford Center for Biomedical Ethics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Vasiliki Rahimzadeh,
| | - Jan M. Friedman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Guido de Wert
- Department of Health, Ethics and Society, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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16
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Mangola SM, Lund JR, Schnorr SL, Crittenden AN. Ethical microbiome research with Indigenous communities. Nat Microbiol 2022; 7:749-756. [PMID: 35577973 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-022-01116-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Human-microbiome interactions have been associated with evolutionary, cultural and environmental processes. With clinical applications of microbiome research now feasible, it is crucial that the science conducted, particularly among Indigenous communities, adheres to principles of inclusion. This necessitates a transdisciplinary dialogue to decide how biological samples are collected and who benefits from the research and any derived products. As a group of scholars working at the interface of biological and social science, we offer a candid discussion of the lessons learned from our own research and introduce one approach to carry out ethical microbiome research with Indigenous communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shani Msafiri Mangola
- Indigenous Peoples Law and Policy Program, James E. Rogers College of Law, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.,Olanakwe Community Fund (USA), Boulder City, NV, USA.,Olanakwe Community Fund (TZ), Mang'ola Ward, Karatu, Tanzania
| | - Justin R Lund
- Center for the Ethics of Indigenous Genomics Research, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.,Laboratories of Molecular Anthropology and Microbiome Research, Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Stephanie L Schnorr
- Konrad Lorenz Institute for Evolution and Cognition Research, Klosterneuburg, Austria.,Center for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alyssa N Crittenden
- Olanakwe Community Fund (USA), Boulder City, NV, USA. .,Laboratory of Nutrition and Reproduction, Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
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17
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Triplett C, Fletcher BJ, Taitingfong RI, Zhang Y, Ali T, Ohno-Machado L, Bloss CS. Codesigning a community-based participatory research project to assess tribal perspectives on privacy and health data sharing: A report from the Strong Heart Study. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2022; 29:1120-1127. [PMID: 35349678 PMCID: PMC9093024 DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocac038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Broad health data sharing raises myriad ethical issues related to data protection and privacy. These issues are of particular relevance to Native Americans, who reserve distinct individual and collective rights to control data about their communities. We sought to gather input from tribal community leaders on how best to understand health data privacy and sharing preferences in this population. We conducted a workshop with 14 tribal leaders connected to the Strong Heart Study to codesign a research study to assess preferences concerning health data privacy for biomedical research. Workshop participants provided specific recommendations regarding who should be consulted, what questions should be posed, and what methods should be used, underscoring the importance of relationship-building between researchers and tribal communities. Biomedical researchers and informaticians who collect and analyze health information from Native communities have a unique responsibility to safeguard these data in ways that align to the preferences of specific communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Triplett
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Longevity Science, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Empathy and Technology, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Burgundy J Fletcher
- Department of Ethnic Studies, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Riley I Taitingfong
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Longevity Science, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, A Center for American Indian Health Research, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Tauqeer Ali
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, A Center for American Indian Health Research, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Lucila Ohno-Machado
- Veteran Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California Health, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Cinnamon S Bloss
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Longevity Science, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Empathy and Technology, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California Health, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA
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18
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Functional genomics data: privacy risk assessment and technological mitigation. Nat Rev Genet 2022; 23:245-258. [PMID: 34759381 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-021-00428-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The generation of functional genomics data by next-generation sequencing has increased greatly in the past decade. Broad sharing of these data is essential for research advancement but poses notable privacy challenges, some of which are analogous to those that occur when sharing genetic variant data. However, there are also unique privacy challenges that arise from cryptic information leakage during the processing and summarization of functional genomics data from raw reads to derived quantities, such as gene expression values. Here, we review these challenges and present potential solutions for mitigating privacy risks while allowing broad data dissemination and analysis.
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19
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Silva CP, de la Fuente Castro C, González Zarzar T, Raghavan M, Tonko-Huenucoy A, Martínez FI, Montalva N. The Articulation of Genomics, Mestizaje, and Indigenous Identities in Chile: A Case Study of the Social Implications of Genomic Research in Light of Current Research Practices. Front Genet 2022; 13:817318. [PMID: 35309125 PMCID: PMC8927767 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.817318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Constanza P. Silva
- Criminal Justice Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Comunidad Autónoma Diaguita Mapochogasta, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Constanza P. Silva, ; Constanza de la Fuente Castro, ; Tomás González Zarzar,
| | - Constanza de la Fuente Castro
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Constanza P. Silva, ; Constanza de la Fuente Castro, ; Tomás González Zarzar,
| | - Tomás González Zarzar
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Constanza P. Silva, ; Constanza de la Fuente Castro, ; Tomás González Zarzar,
| | - Maanasa Raghavan
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Felipe I. Martínez
- School of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Intercultural and Indigenous Research (CIIR), Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolás Montalva
- Society and Health Research Center, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- School of Public Health, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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20
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Trudgett S, Griffiths K, Farnbach S, Shakeshaft A. A framework for operationalising Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander data sovereignty in Australia: Results of a systematic literature review of published studies. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 45:101302. [PMID: 35243269 PMCID: PMC8861650 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Racial health disparities are only likely to be meaningfully improved by tailoring public health and clinical interventions to the specific needs of Indigenous people and their communities. Accurate tailoring relies on the availability of high-quality Indigenous-specific data. The potential benefits of increased availability of Indigenous data need to be balanced by efforts to ensure those data are collected and used appropriately. This paper identifies characteristics of Indigenous Data Sovereignty (IDS) principles and considers a framework for operationalisation. METHODS A PRISMA compliant search of the literature was undertaken, using methods detailed in the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook on Systematic Reviews of Health Promotion and Public Health Interventions (1). The search strategy comprised two steps: a search of 11 scientific electronic databases and five grey literature sources. The search was limited by date of publication (1 January 2000 to 1 December 2021). The following keywords and subject heading terms were used: (exp Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander or Aborigin* or Torres Strait Island* or, Oceanic ancestry group) and (exp research or biomedical research or population surveillance or translational medical research or, research design) and (exp data or datasets or data collection or data management or health surveys or information dissemination or, intellectual property) and (exp self-determination or ownership or control or access or possession or OCAP or sovereignty or, ethics) and, (exp Australia). IDS principles: (i) ownership; (ii) control; (iii) accessibility; (iv) custodianship; (v) accountability to Indigenous people; (vi) amplify Community voice; (vii) relevant and reciprocal; and (viii) sustainably self-determining. Using standard data extraction forms, we examined relevant Australian studies to identify key characteristics and frequency with which they cited IDS principles. These findings were consolidated into an operationalisation framework. FINDINGS 34 relevant Australian published studies were identified. The most frequently cited IDS principles were Accountability to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and sustainably self-determining. The least frequently cited principle was Access. A framework to operationalise IDS principles is proposed that is both standardised internationally and able to be tailored to the diverse contexts of Indigenous peoples. INTERPRETATION IDS is emergent in Australia and there is a clear need to establish an agreed set of International IDS principles and a framework for their operationalisation and contextualisation across diverse Indigenous communities and contexts. FUNDING This research project is funded through an Australian Research Council (ARC) Discovery Grant from 2017 to 2022. The National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre (NDARC) is funded by the Australian Government Department of Health. The 1st author (ST) is supported by a scholarship co-funded by NDARC and the Lowitja Institute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skye Trudgett
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Kalinda Griffiths
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Wellbeing and Preventable Chronic Diseases Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sara Farnbach
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Anthony Shakeshaft
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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21
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Robinson JM, Redvers N, Camargo A, Bosch CA, Breed MF, Brenner LA, Carney MA, Chauhan A, Dasari M, Dietz LG, Friedman M, Grieneisen L, Hoisington AJ, Horve PF, Hunter A, Jech S, Jorgensen A, Lowry CA, Man I, Mhuireach G, Navarro-Pérez E, Ritchie EG, Stewart JD, Watkins H, Weinstein P, Ishaq SL. Twenty Important Research Questions in Microbial Exposure and Social Equity. mSystems 2022; 7:e0124021. [PMID: 35089060 PMCID: PMC8725600 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01240-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Social and political policy, human activities, and environmental change affect the ways in which microbial communities assemble and interact with people. These factors determine how different social groups are exposed to beneficial and/or harmful microorganisms, meaning microbial exposure has an important socioecological justice context. Therefore, greater consideration of microbial exposure and social equity in research, planning, and policy is imperative. Here, we identify 20 research questions considered fundamentally important to promoting equitable exposure to beneficial microorganisms, along with safeguarding resilient societies and ecosystems. The 20 research questions we identified span seven broad themes, including the following: (i) sociocultural interactions; (ii) Indigenous community health and well-being; (iii) humans, urban ecosystems, and environmental processes; (iv) human psychology and mental health; (v) microbiomes and infectious diseases; (vi) human health and food security; and (vii) microbiome-related planning, policy, and outreach. Our goal was to summarize this growing field and to stimulate impactful research avenues while providing focus for funders and policymakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake M. Robinson
- University of Sheffield, Department of Landscape Architecture, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Redvers
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | | | - Christina A. Bosch
- Department of Literacy, Early, Bilingual and Special Education, Kremen School of Education and Human Development, California State University, Fresno, California, USA
| | - Martin F. Breed
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Lisa A. Brenner
- University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Megan A. Carney
- School of the Environment, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Ashvini Chauhan
- University of Arizona, School of Anthropology and Center for Regional Food Studies, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Mauna Dasari
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Leslie G. Dietz
- University of Oregon, Biology and the Built Environment Center, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Michael Friedman
- American International College of Arts and Sciences of Antigua, Antigua and Barbuda, West Indies
| | - Laura Grieneisen
- Department of Genetics, Cell, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Patrick F. Horve
- University of Oregon, Institute of Molecular Biology, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Ally Hunter
- Department of Student Development, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sierra Jech
- University of Colorado Boulder, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Anna Jorgensen
- Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A. Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Center for Neuroscience, and Center for Microbial Exploration, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Ioana Man
- Architectural Association School of Architecture, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gwynne Mhuireach
- Department of Architecture, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Edauri Navarro-Pérez
- Program of Environmental Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Euan G. Ritchie
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
| | - Justin D. Stewart
- Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harry Watkins
- St. Andrews Botanic Garden, Canongate, St. Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
- Bio-integrated Design Lab, Bartlett School of Architecture, London, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Weinstein
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Suzanne L. Ishaq
- University of Maine, School of Food and Agriculture, Orono, Maine, USA
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22
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Ruckstuhl K. Trust in Scholarly Communications and Infrastructure: Indigenous Data Sovereignty. Front Res Metr Anal 2022; 6:752336. [PMID: 35098013 PMCID: PMC8790018 DOI: 10.3389/frma.2021.752336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many Indigenous people have a deep mistrust of research, with some describing research as one of the “dirtiest” words in Indigenous language. The histories and experiences behind such mistrust are long and painful. Given what has been perceived as Indigenous objectification at the hands of largely Anglo-European others for research from which they fail to benefit, many communities now refuse research unless it is undertaken under certain, Indigenous-defined circumstances. Such refusal is a move away from others purposes and a move towards autonomy and self-determination. For some, this is a statement of sovereignty and it applies to all areas of endeavour, including the new frontiers of research and the structures that support them, such as datification of knowledge. This article examines data sovereignty from the perspective of Indigenous peoples. While data sovereignty has become a ubiquitous concern, Indigenous data sovereignty arises from contexts specific to Indigenous peoples. The focus of this article is to provide a brief overview of recent data sovereignty developments, along with the context that lies behind these activities. Through this examination, implications for trust in scholarly communications will be discussed.
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23
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Haring RC, Blanchard JW, Korchmaros JD, Lund JR, Haozous EA, Raphaelito J, Hudson M, Tsosie KS. Empowering Equitable Data Use Partnerships and Indigenous Data Sovereignties Amid Pandemic Genomics. Front Public Health 2021; 9:742467. [PMID: 34858924 PMCID: PMC8632014 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.742467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has inequitably impacted Indigenous communities in the United States. In this emergency state that highlighted existing inadequacies in US government and tribal public health infrastructures, many tribal nations contracted with commercial entities and other organization types to conduct rapid diagnostic and antibody testing, often based on proprietary technologies specific to the novel pathogen. They also partnered with public-private enterprises on clinical trials to further the development of vaccines. Indigenous people contributed biological samples for assessment and, in many cases, broadly consented for indefinite use for future genomics research. A concern is that the need for crisis aid may have placed Indigenous communities in a position to forego critical review of data use agreements by tribal research governances. In effect, tribal nations were placed in the unenviable position of trading short-term public health assistance for long-term, unrestricted access to Indigenous genomes that may disempower future tribal sovereignties over community members' data. Diagnostic testing, specimen collection, and vaccine research is ongoing; thus, our aim is to outline pathways to trust that center current and future equitable relationship-building between tribal entities and public-private interests. These pathways can be utilized to increase Indigenous communities' trust of external partners and share understanding of expectations for and execution of data protections. We discuss how to navigate genomic-based data use agreements in the context of pathogen genomics. While we focus on US tribal nations, Indigenous genomic data sovereignties relate to global Indigenous nations regardless of colonial government recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney C Haring
- Center for Indigenous Cancer Research, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Jessica W Blanchard
- Center for Applied Social Research, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
| | - Josephine D Korchmaros
- Southwest Institute for Research on Women, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Justin R Lund
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
| | - Emily A Haozous
- Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Josie Raphaelito
- Center for Indigenous Cancer Research, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Maui Hudson
- Te Kotahi Research Institute, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Krystal S Tsosie
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States.,Native BioData Consortium, Eagle Butte, SD, United States
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24
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Abstract
In this article, we argue that a careful examination of human microbiome science's relationship with race and racism is necessary to foster equitable social and ecological relations in the field. We point to the origins and evolution of the problematic use of race in microbiome literature by demonstrating the increased usage of race both explicitly and implicitly in and beyond the human microbiome sciences. We demonstrate how these uses limit the future of rigorous and just microbiome research. We conclude with an outline of alternative actionable ways to build a more effective, antiracist microbiome science.
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25
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Amorim CEG, Dasari M, Durgavich L, Hinde K, Kissel M, Lewton KL, Loewen T. Integrative approaches to dispersing science: A case study of March Mammal Madness. Am J Hum Biol 2021; 34 Suppl 1:e23659. [PMID: 34358377 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Public engagement is increasingly viewed as an important pillar of scientific scholarship. For early career and established scholars, navigating the mosaic landscape of public education and science communication, noted for rapid "ecological" succession, can be daunting. Moreover, academics are characterized by diverse skills, motivations, values, positionalities, and temperaments that may differentially incline individuals to particular public translation activities. METHODS Here we briefly contextualize engagement activities within a scholarly portfolio, describe the use of one public education program-March Mammal Madness (MMM)- to highlight approaches to science communication, and explore essential elements and practical considerations for creating and sustaining outreach pursuits in tandem with other scholarly activities. RESULTS MMM, an annual simulated tournament of living and fossil animal taxa, has reached hundreds of thousands of learners since 2013. This program has provided a platform to communicate research findings from biology and anthropology and showcase numerous scholars in these fields. MMM has leveraged tournament devices to intentionally address topics of climate change, capitalist environmental degradation, academic sexism, and racist settler-colonialism. The tournament, however, has also perpetuated implicit biases that need disrupting. CONCLUSIONS By embracing reflexive, self-interrogative, and growth attitudes, the tournament organizers iteratively refine and improve this public science education program to better align our activities with our values and goals. Our experiences with MMM suggest that dispersing science is most sustainable when we combine ancestral adaptations for cooperation, community, and storytelling with good-natured competition in the context of shared experiences and shared values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauna Dasari
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Lara Durgavich
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katie Hinde
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Marc Kissel
- Department of Anthropology, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kristi L Lewton
- Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tisa Loewen
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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26
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Lee SSJ. Response to Open Peer Commentaries: Distinguishing the "Gift" from "Donation" as a Path toward Reciprocity and Relational Ethics. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS : AJOB 2021; 21:W1-W3. [PMID: 33856287 PMCID: PMC8634772 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2021.1905102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
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