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Fong C, Conte M, Zimba R, Carmona J, Gambone G, Baim-Lance A, Robertson M, Irvine M, Nash D. Heterogeneity of provider preferences for HIV Care Coordination Program features: latent class analysis of a discrete choice experiment. HIV Res Clin Pract 2024; 25:2300923. [PMID: 38251822 PMCID: PMC10978435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The PROMISE study assessed revisions designed to facilitate implementation of an HIV care coordination program (CCP) addressing gaps in care and treatment engagement among people living with HIV in New York City (NYC). Through latent class analysis (LCA) of a discrete choice experiment (DCE), we explored heterogeneity of provider preferences regarding CCP features. From January-March 2020, 152 NYC CCP providers completed a DCE with 3-4 levels on each of 4 program attributes: 1) Help with Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), 2) Help with Primary Care Appointments, 3) Help with Issues Other than Primary Care, and 4) Where Program Visits Happen. We used LCA to assess patterns of preference, and choice simulation to estimate providers' endorsement of hypothetical CCPs. LCA identified three subgroups. The two larger subgroups (n = 133) endorsed more intensive individual program features, including directly observed therapy, home visits, and appointment reminders with accompaniment of clients to their appointments. The smallest subgroup (n = 19) endorsed medication reminders only, appointment reminders without accompaniment, and meeting at the program location rather than clients' homes. Choice simulation analysis affirmed the highest degree of endorsement (62%) for hypothetical programs combining the intensive features described above. Results indicated providers' preference for intensive program features and also reinforced the need for flexible service delivery options. Provider perspectives on service delivery approaches can inform program adjustments for successful long-term implementation, which in turn can improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunki Fong
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health (ISPH), City University of New York (CUNY), New York, USA
| | - Madellena Conte
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health (ISPH), City University of New York (CUNY), New York, USA
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, USA
| | - Rebecca Zimba
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health (ISPH), City University of New York (CUNY), New York, USA
| | - Jennifer Carmona
- Bureau of Hepatitis, HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, USA
| | - Gina Gambone
- Bureau of Hepatitis, HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, USA
| | - Abigail Baim-Lance
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health (ISPH), City University of New York (CUNY), New York, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, James J. Peters Medical Center, Bronx VA, New York, USA
| | - McKaylee Robertson
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health (ISPH), City University of New York (CUNY), New York, USA
| | - Mary Irvine
- Bureau of Hepatitis, HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, USA
| | - Denis Nash
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health (ISPH), City University of New York (CUNY), New York, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York (CUNY), New York, USA
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Tanushree, Sharma A, Monika, Singh RP, Jhawat V. Human immunodeficiency virus infection challenges: Current therapeutic limitations and strategies for improved management through long-acting injectable formulation. Rev Med Virol 2024; 34:e2563. [PMID: 38886179 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
HIV infection has been a severe global health burden, with millions living with the virus and continuing new infections each year. Antiretroviral therapy can effectively suppress HIV replication but requires strict lifelong adherence to daily oral medication regimens, which presents a significant challenge. Long-acting formulations of antiretroviral drugs administered infrequently have emerged as a promising strategy to improve treatment outcomes and adherence to HIV therapy and prevention. Long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations are designed to gradually release drugs over extended periods of weeks or months following a single injection. Critical advantages of LAIs over conventional oral dosage forms include less frequent dosing requirements, enhanced patient privacy, reduced stigma associated with daily pill regimens, and optimised pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profiles. Several LAI antiretroviral products have recently gained regulatory approval, such as the integrase strand transfer inhibitor cabotegravir for HIV preexposure prophylaxis and the Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine combination for HIV treatment. A leading approach for developing long-acting antiretroviral depots involves encapsulating drug compounds in polymeric microspheres composed of biocompatible, biodegradable materials like poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid). These injectable depot formulations enable high drug loading with customisable extended-release kinetics controlled by the polymeric matrix. Compared to daily oral therapies, LAI antiretroviral formulations leveraging biodegradable polymeric microspheres offer notable benefits, including prolonged therapeutic effects, reduced dosing frequency for improved adherence, and the potential to kerb the initial HIV transmission event. The present manuscript aims to review the pathogenesis of the virus and its progression and propose therapeutic targets and long-acting drug delivery strategies that hold substantial promise for enhancing outcomes in HIV treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Medical and Allied Science, GD Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Aman Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, Haryana, India
| | - Monika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Medical and Allied Science, GD Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Rahul Pratap Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Medical and Allied Science, GD Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Vikas Jhawat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Medical and Allied Science, GD Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
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Diura-Vere O, Mokgatle MM, Oguntibeju OO. Sexual Behaviour and Attitudes towards Safe Sex of Youth Receiving Antiretroviral Care at Public Health Facilities in Palapye District, Botswana. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3790. [PMID: 36900803 PMCID: PMC10001564 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexual behaviour of HIV-infected youths is very important in determining the direction of the HIV epidemic, as these youths are reservoirs of HIV and can propagate its transmission if they engage in risky sexual behaviours. However, support structures for secondary prevention are weak even in healthcare settings. There is a need to understand the sexual behaviour of these youths and, in turn, tailor appropriate secondary prevention strategies, hence the current study was designed to assess sexual behaviour and attitudes towards safe sex of youth receiving antiretroviral care at public health facilities in Palapye district, Botswana. METHOD This quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional survey was used to describe the sexual behaviour and attitudes towards safe sex and identify factors associated with risky sexual behaviours among HIV-infected youths aged between 15 and 19 years receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) care from public healthcare facilities in Palapye District, Botswana. RESULTS A total of 188 youths participated in this study, 56% being females while 44% were males. We reported that 15.4% had ever had sex. At their last sexual encounter, more than half of the youths (51.7%) had not used condoms. More than a third of the participants were under the influence of alcohol during their last sexual experience. Generally, the youths had good attitudes towards safe sex, as most youths said they would prioritise protecting their sexual partners and themselves from HIV and STIs. Alcohol use, substance use and not considering religion as important were strongly associated with having ever had sex. CONCLUSIONS A significant proportion of HIV-infected youths are sexually active, whereas their preventive practices such as condom use are poor despite good attitudes towards safe sex. Alcohol use, substance use and not perceiving religion as important were associated with risky sexual behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onai Diura-Vere
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Care Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa 0208, South Africa
| | - Mathildah M. Mokgatle
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Care Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa 0208, South Africa
| | - Oluwafemi O. Oguntibeju
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 7535, South Africa
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Celuppi IC, Metelski FK, Suplici SER, Costa VT, Meirelles BHS. Melhores práticas de gestão no cuidado ao HIV: scoping review. SAÚDE EM DEBATE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-1104202213322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Este estudo objetivou mapear e examinar as melhores práticas de gestão do HIV disponíveis nas publicações científicas da área da saúde. Realizou-se revisão sistemática da literatura por meio de scoping review, nas bases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cinahl, Lilacs e Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Capes, no período de 2009 a julho de 2020. Dos 427 estudos identificados, 19 foram incluídos, e apesar de não explicitar um conceito de melhor prática, apresentam práticas de gestão do HIV expressas como uma melhor prática por meio da avaliação de estratégias, ferramentas, serviços de saúde, programas de saúde, intervenções e ações que contribuíram para uma melhoria de uma determinada condição de saúde na prevenção e cuidado em HIV. As práticas identificadas nos estudos com uma ‘melhor prática’ justificam-se pela análise dos aspectos de avaliação, os quais expressaram modificações positivas, contribuindo para melhorias das práticas de gestão do HIV. Acredita-se que esses achados podem subsidiar a construção de políticas públicas em diferentes cenários e a instituição de práticas de saúde que visem à melhoria da qualidade das ações direcionadas à gestão do HIV.
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Celuppi IC, Metelski FK, Suplici SER, Costa VT, Meirelles BHS. Best management practices in HIV care: scoping review. SAÚDE EM DEBATE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-1104202213322i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study aimed to map and examine the best HIV management practices available in scientific publications in the health field. A systematic literature review was carried out through scoping review, on the basis of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, LILACS, and CAPES Thesis and Dissertations Catalog, from 2009 to July 2020. From the 427 identified studies, 19 were included, and although it does not explain a concept of best practice, they present HIV management practices expressed as a best practice through the evaluation of strategies, tools, health services, health programs, interventions, and actions that contributed to an improvement of a given health condition in HIV prevention and care. The practices identified in the studies with a ‘best practice’ are justified by the analysis of the evaluation aspects, which expressed positive changes, contributing to improvements in HIV management practices. It is believed that these findings can support the construction of public policies in different scenarios and the establishment of health practices that seek to improve the quality of actions aimed at managing HIV.
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Siegler AJ, Komro KA, Wagenaar AC. Law Everywhere: A Causal Framework for Law and Infectious Disease. Public Health Rep 2020; 135:25S-31S. [PMID: 32735203 PMCID: PMC7407060 DOI: 10.1177/0033354920912991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Siegler
- 25798 Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kelli A Komro
- 25798 Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alexander C Wagenaar
- 25798 Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Perceived Facilitators and Barriers to Couples' HIV Testing and Counseling in U.S. Clinical Settings: Perspectives From U.S. Health Providers. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2020; 30:279-291. [PMID: 30672780 DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We used a qualitative descriptive design to ascertain perceived facilitators and barriers to couples' HIV testing and counseling (CHTC) by U.S. health care providers. We recruited 22 providers from 4 health care facilities in Miami-Dade County, FL, from November 2015 to March 2016. In-depth, semistructured interviews were conducted. Content analysis categorized and contextualized provider narratives. Perceived facilitators of CHTC were provider experiences with couple-centered HIV-related care, existing patient or client demands for joint HIV screening, and a health care practice environment that fosters an interprofessional approach to addressing client needs. Perceived barriers were partner unwillingness to undergo HIV screening, provider role beliefs and preferences regarding couple-based approaches, and provider time constraints in tandem with funding and billing issues. Overall, providers endorsed CHTC and thought that current challenges and successes with couple-based efforts and HIV screening and care could influence CHTC implementation. Provider recommendations are discussed.
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Liboro RM, Rourke SB, Ibañez-Carrasco F, Eaton A, Pugh D, Medina C, Rae A, Shuper PA, Ross LE. Strategies Employed by Community-Based Service Providers to Address HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Challenges: A Qualitative Study. J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care 2020; 18:2325958218822336. [PMID: 30672357 PMCID: PMC6748474 DOI: 10.1177/2325958218822336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders and other causes of neurocognitive challenges experienced by people living with HIV (PLWH) persist as public health concerns in developed countries. Consequently, PLWH who experience neurocognitive challenges increasingly require social support and mental health services from community-based providers in the HIV sector. Methods: Thirty-three providers from 22 AIDS service organizations across Ontario, Canada, were interviewed to determine the strategies they used to support PLWH experiencing neurocognitive difficulties. Thematic analysis was conducted to determine key themes from the interview data. Results: Three types of strategies were identified: (a) intrapersonal, (b) interpersonal, and (c) organizational. Intrapersonal strategies involved learning and staying informed about causes of neurocognitive challenges. Interpersonal strategies included providing practical assistance, information, counseling, and/or referrals to PLWH. Organizational strategies included creating dedicated support groups for PLWH experiencing neurocognitive challenges, partnering with other organizations with services not available within their own organization, and advocating for greater access to services with expertise and experience working with PLWH. Conclusion: Through concerted efforts in the future, it is likely that empirically investigating, developing, and customizing these strategies specifically to address HIV-associated neurocognitive challenges will yield improved social support and mental health outcomes for PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato M Liboro
- 1 Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sean B Rourke
- 2 Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,3 University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francisco Ibañez-Carrasco
- 2 Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Eaton
- 3 University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,4 AIDS Committee of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Pugh
- 5 LGBTQ Health Team, Sherbourne Health Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Allan Rae
- 7 Crossing Genres, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul A Shuper
- 1 Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,3 University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lori E Ross
- 1 Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,3 University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Thompson-Paul AM, Palella FJ, Rayeed N, Ritchey MD, Lichtenstein KA, Patel D, Yang Q, Gillespie C, Loustalot F, Patel P, Buchacz K. Excess heart age in adult outpatients in routine HIV care. AIDS 2019; 33:1935-1942. [PMID: 31274539 PMCID: PMC8428771 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality among persons living with HIV (PLWH). We used individual cardiovascular risk factor profiles to estimate heart age for PLWH in medical care in the United States. DESIGN Cross-sectional analyses of HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS) data METHODS:: Included in this analysis were participants aged 30-74 years, without prior CVD, with at least two HOPS clinic visits during 2010-2017, at least 1-year of follow-up, and available covariate data. We calculated age and race/ethnicity-adjusted heart age and excess heart age (chronological age - heart age), using a Framingham risk score-based model. RESULTS We analyzed data from 2467 men and 619 women (mean chronologic age 49.3 and 49.1 years, and 23.6% and 54.6% Non-Hispanic/Latino black, respectively). Adjusted excess heart age was 11.5 years (95% confidence interval, 11.1-12.0) among men and 13.1 years (12.0-14.1) among women. Excess heart age was seen among all age groups beginning with persons aged 30-39 years [men, 7.8 (6.9-8.8); women, 7.7 (4.9-10.4)], with the highest excess heart age among participants aged 50-59 years [men, 13.7 years (13.0-14.4); women, 16.4 years (14.8-18.0)]. More than 50% of participants had an excess heart age of at least 10 years. CONCLUSIONS Excess heart age is common among PLWH, begins in early adulthood, and impacts both women and men. Among PLWH, CVD risk factors should be addressed early and proactively. Routine use of the heart age calculator may help optimize CVD risk stratification and facilitate interventions for aging PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M. Thompson-Paul
- Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Frank J. Palella
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Matthew D. Ritchey
- Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Deesha Patel
- Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, & TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Quanhe Yang
- Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Cathleen Gillespie
- Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Fleetwood Loustalot
- Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Pragna Patel
- Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kate Buchacz
- Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, & TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
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Riley ED, Vittinghoff E, Koss CA, Christopoulos KA, Clemenzi-Allen A, Dilworth SE, Carrico AW. Housing First: Unsuppressed Viral Load Among Women Living with HIV in San Francisco. AIDS Behav 2019; 23:2326-2336. [PMID: 31324996 PMCID: PMC7478361 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-019-02601-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
While poverty is an established barrier to achieving success at each step of the HIV care continuum, less is known about specific aspects of poverty and how they overlap with behavior in exceptionally low-income individuals who live in well-resourced areas. We considered unsuppressed viral load over 3 years among women living with HIV in San Francisco who used homeless shelters, low-income hotels and free meal programs. One-hundred twenty study participants were followed; 60% had > 1 unsuppressed viral load and 19% were unsuppressed at every visit. Across six-month intervals, the odds of unsuppressed viral load were 11% higher for every 10 nights spent sleeping on the street [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 1.11, 95% CI 1.02-1.20]; 16% higher for every 10 nights spent sleeping in a shelter (AOR/10 nights 1.16, 95% CI 1.06-1.27); 4% higher for every 10 nights spent sleeping in a single-room occupancy hotel (AOR/10 nights 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.07); and over threefold higher among women who experienced any recent incarceration (AOR 3.56, 95% CI 1.84-6.86). Violence and recent use of outpatient health care did not significantly predict viral suppression in adjusted analysis. While strategies to promote retention in care are important for vulnerable persons living with HIV, they are insufficient to ensure sustained viral suppression in low-income women experiencing homelessness and incarceration. Results presented here in combination with prior research linking incarceration to homelessness among women indicate that tailored interventions, which not only consider but prioritize affordable housing, are critical to achieving sustained viral suppression in low-income women living with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise D Riley
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Ave., UCSF Mailbox 0874, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0874, USA.
| | - Eric Vittinghoff
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Catherine A Koss
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Ave., UCSF Mailbox 0874, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0874, USA
| | - Katerina A Christopoulos
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Ave., UCSF Mailbox 0874, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0874, USA
| | - Angelo Clemenzi-Allen
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Ave., UCSF Mailbox 0874, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0874, USA
| | - Samantha E Dilworth
- Division of Prevention Science, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Adam W Carrico
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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Phillips JC, Caine V, Dewart G, de Padua A, Dela Cruz AM, Rickards T, McGinn M, Cator S, Pauly BB, Gagnon M. Teaching HIV-specific content for pre-licensure nursing and health professions students: a review and synthesis. AIDS Care 2018; 30:1614-1621. [PMID: 30112926 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2018.1510108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Persistent Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevalence rates remain a challenge, particularly because health care providers (HCP) are not fully prepared to engage in HIV care. This hesitancy to engage creates access to care barriers for people living with HIV (PLWH). We conducted a systematic review to identify educational interventions focused on developing HIV competencies in higher education across health science disciplines. We searched databases for primary studies focused on interventions. Using PRISMA guidelines, we identified 20 articles from 19 distinct studies. While there was an overwhelming body of literature that assessed knowledge, skills, and attitudes in health sciences students on HIV and AIDS, the low number of intervention studies was notable. With the exception of two studies, PLWH were not included in the interventions. This finding stands in sharp contrast to the well-established Greater Involvement of People Living with HIV and/or AIDS (GIPA) and Meaningful Engagement of People Living with HIV and/or AIDS (MEPA) principles. The primary means of the educational intervention was focused on delivering lectures to address HIV and AIDS knowledge for HCP. There was a significant lack of focus on historical, cultural, policy and legal contexts of HIV and AIDS care; theoretical justifications for the interventions were absent. No study focused on the impact of an intervention on the care provided to PLWH by HCP after graduation. There is an urgent need to develop long-term sustainable and scalable interventions that address the consistently identified lack of knowledge and skills, and stigmatizing attitudes of HCP and students.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Craig Phillips
- a Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Vera Caine
- b Faculty of Nursing , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada
| | - Georgia Dewart
- b Faculty of Nursing , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada
| | - Anthony de Padua
- c College of Nursing , University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon , Canada
| | | | - Tracey Rickards
- e Faculty of Nursing , University of New Brunswick , Saint John , Canada
| | | | - Stephany Cator
- a Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Canada
| | | | - Marilou Gagnon
- g School of Nursing , University of Victoria , Victoria , Canada
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Atkins C, Freiberg AN. Recent advances in the development of antiviral therapeutics for Rift Valley fever virus infection. Future Virol 2017; 12:651-665. [PMID: 29181086 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2017-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-borne bunyavirus endemic to sub-Saharan Africa and the Arabian Peninsula and the etiological agent of Rift Valley fever. Rift Valley fever is a disease of major public health and economic concern, affecting livestock and humans. In ruminants, RVFV infection is characterized by high mortality rates in newborns and near 100% abortion rates in pregnant animals. Infection in humans is typically manifested as a self-limiting febrile illness, but can lead to severe and fatal hepatitis, encephalitis, hemorrhagic fever or retinitis with partial or complete blindness. Currently, there are no specific treatment options available for RVFV infection. This review presents a summary of the therapeutic approaches that have been explored on the treatment of RVFV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colm Atkins
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.,Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Alexander N Freiberg
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.,The Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.,The Center for Biodefense & Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.,Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.,The Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.,The Center for Biodefense & Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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