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Hoyniak CP, Vogel AC, Puricelli A, Luby JL, Whalen DJ. Day-to-day bidirectional associations between sleep and emotion states in early childhood: Importance of end-of-day mood for sleep quality. Sleep Health 2024; 10:264-271. [PMID: 38423949 PMCID: PMC11162920 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Poor quality sleep can impact emotions and emotion regulation, resulting in a "sleep-mood" cycle where poor sleep affects mood and vice-versa. This relationship is poorly understood during early childhood, when sleep patterns and emotion displays are rapidly changing. This study aimed to understand the day-to-day effects of poor sleep on emotions in preschoolers by using objective (actigraphy) and subjective (ecological momentary assessment) measures to assess both between- and within-child effects. We hypothesized that disrupted sleep would lead to affect disruptions and vice versa. METHODS This study included 133 preschoolers and their caregivers recruited from the community. Children's sleep was measured via actigraphy (ActiGraph GT3X+) across 1week. Affect was collected concurrently via caregiver report during an ecological momentary assessment protocol. Caregivers reported on their child's affect four times per day: morning, afternoon, early evening, and before bed. RESULTS Multilevel modeling analyses revealed that children with sleep disturbances displayed less positive affect overall, more negative affect in the evenings, and alterations in positive affect lability, and that daytime affect was associated with subsequent nighttime sleep. Within-child associations also showed fluctuations in positive affect correlated with shorter sleep durations and later bedtimes. CONCLUSIONS This study identified both between- and within-child associations between sleep and affect in early childhood, revealing a dynamic and reciprocal relationship between the two. These findings highlight the importance of considering both sleep and affect in early childhood interventions, as promoting positive affect may enhance sleep quality and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline P Hoyniak
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
| | - Alecia C Vogel
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Alex Puricelli
- Foster and Adoptive Care Coalition, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Joan L Luby
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Diana J Whalen
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Inoue M, Nakajima S, Inada N, Oi H, Sato N, Miyazaki Y, Takashina H, Tagaya H, Adachi Y, Kuga H. Development of the Parenting Behavior Checklist to Promote Preschoolers' Sleep (PCPP). Behav Sleep Med 2024; 22:275-284. [PMID: 37545146 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2023.2241590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop the Parenting Behavior Checklist to Promote Preschoolers' sleep (PCPP), quantify sleep-promoting parenting behaviors for children, and examine the scale's reliability and validity. METHODS The PCPP was developed based on the recommendations of the ABCs of SLEEPING for children's sleep, which is strongly supported by research evidence. Its validity and reliability were evaluated using data from 140 participants. Structural validity was estimated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and internal consistency was evaluated by Cronbach's α. Hypothesis testing was evaluated by analyzing the correlations between each factor of the Japanese Sleep Questionnaire for Preschoolers (JSQ-P) and the PCPP. RESULTS Regarding structural validity, EFA was conducted because CFA showed a poor model fit. The PCPP comprised one factor and six items. The JSQ-P subfactors of insomnia or circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, undesirable morning symptoms and behaviors, and insufficient sleep were moderately negatively correlated with the PCPP; the subfactor of undesirable daytime behaviors related to sleep problems was weakly negatively correlated with the PCPP. Thus, the sleep-promoting parenting behaviors listed in the PCPP were associated with better sleep in children. CONCLUSIONS The PCPP showed sufficient reliability and validity. Future studies should use the scale to examine more effective interventions regarding sleep-promoting parental behaviors for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Inoue
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shun Nakajima
- Faculty of Liberal Arts, Department of Psychology, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Inada
- Faculty of Liberal Arts, Department of Psychology, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Psychology and Sociology, Taisho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Oi
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Sato
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Miyazaki
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hikari Takashina
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirokuni Tagaya
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Hironori Kuga
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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McQuillan ME, Bates JE, Hoyniak CP, Staples AD, Honaker SM. Children's Sleep and Externalizing Problems: A Day-to-day Multilevel Modeling Approach. Behav Sleep Med 2023; 21:712-726. [PMID: 36514294 PMCID: PMC10261512 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2022.2156510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep problems and externalizing problems tend to be positively associated, but the direction of this association is unclear. METHOD Day-to-day associations between sleep and behavior were examined in children (N = 22) ages 3-8 with clinical levels of externalizing problems. These children were enrolled in Parent Management Training and behavioral sleep intervention. During assessments before and after treatment, children wore actigraphs for seven days and parents concurrently completed sleep diaries and daily tallies of noncompliance, aggression, and tantrums. Multilevel modeling was used to account for the nested structure of the data, at the day-to-day level (level 1), within assessment points (level 2), and within children (level 3). RESULTS Late sleep timing and fragmentation were predictive of next-day noncompliance and tantrums, respectively. There were fewer associations for a given day's behavior predicting that night's sleep, although children who showed more aggression and noncompliance at baseline tended to have later bedtimes and sleep onset times compared to other children.
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Kaya A, Mukba G, Özok Hİ. A Person-Centered Approach to Emotional Security: Latent Profile Analysis of the Dark Triad and Psychological Symptoms. Psychol Rep 2023:332941231203561. [PMID: 37738659 DOI: 10.1177/00332941231203561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have examined emotional security utilizing a person-centered approach. Therefore, in the present study, we conceptualized a multidimensional construct that includes psychological symptoms (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress) and the dark triad traits (i.e., Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). Applying latent profile analysis (LPA) allows the exploration of the interaction of emotional security with the dark triad traits and psychological symptoms in the sample at the level of sub-classes. Depression, stress, anxiety, Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy were determined as profile indicators. Moreover, satisfaction with life and the psychological well-being of the sub-classes were predicted. Data were gathered from 558 participants (418 females, %74.9) with an average age of 22.44 years). LPA indicated four distinct profiles: 'High emotional security and low psychological symptoms, and dark triad traits' (22%), 'Low emotional security and high psychological symptoms, dark triad traits' (5%), 'Low emotional security and moderate dark triad traits' (28%), 'Moderate emotional security, psychological symptoms, and dark triad traits' (45%). Mixture modeling approach-based research provides a complementary view of the previous psychopathology literature. The findings could help practitioners target at-risk university students with low emotional security, low psychological well-being, and low life satisfaction and design programs to aid them in alleviating the psychological symptoms and the dark triad traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alican Kaya
- Department of Guidance and Psychological Counselling, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Agri, Turkey
| | - Gamze Mukba
- Department of Guidance and Psychological Counselling, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Halil İbrahim Özok
- Department of Mesurament and Assessment, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
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Sperber JF, Gennetian LA, Hart ER, Kunin-Batson A, Magnuson K, Duncan GJ, Yoshikawa H, Fox NA, Halpern-Meekin S, Noble KG. Unconditional Cash Transfers and Maternal Assessments of Children's Health, Nutrition, and Sleep: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2335237. [PMID: 37773497 PMCID: PMC10543132 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.35237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Children experiencing poverty are more likely to experience worse health outcomes, including injury, chronic illness, worse nutrition, and poorer sleep. The extent to which poverty reduction improves these outcomes is unknown. Objective To evaluate the effect of a 3-year, monthly unconditional cash transfer on health, nutrition, sleep, and health care utilization among children experiencing poverty who were healthy at birth. Design, Setting, and Participants This longitudinal randomized clinical trial recruited 1000 mother-infant dyads between May 2018 and June 2019. Dyads were recruited from postpartum wards in 12 hospitals in 4 US cities: New York, New York; Omaha, Nebraska; New Orleans, Louisiana; and Minneapolis/St Paul, Minnesota. Eligibility criteria included an annual income less than the federal poverty line, legal age for consent, English or Spanish speaking, residing in the state of recruitment, and an infant admitted to the well-baby nursery who will be discharged to the mother's custody. Data analysis was conducted from July 2022 to August 2023. Intervention Mothers were randomly assigned to receive either a high-cash gift ($333/mo, or $3996/y) or a low-cash gift ($20/mo, or $240/y) for the first several years of their child's life. Main Outcomes and Measures Primary preregistered outcomes reported here include an index of child health and medical care and child sleep disturbances. Secondary preregistered outcomes reported include children's consumption of healthy and unhealthy foods. Results A total of 1000 mother-infant dyads were enrolled, with 400 randomized to the high-cash gift group and 600 to the low-cash gift group. Participants were majority Black (42%) and Hispanic (41%); 857 mothers participated in all 3 waves of data collection. We found no statistically detectable differences between the high-cash and low-cash gift groups in maternal assessments of children's health (effect size [ES] range, 0.01-0.08; SE range, 0.02-0.07), sleep (ES range, 0.01-0.10; SE, 0.07), or health care utilization (ES range, 0.01-0.11; SE range, 0.03-0.07). However, mothers in the high-cash gift group reported higher child consumption of fresh produce at child age 2 years, the only time point it was measured (ES, 0.17; SE, 0.07; P = .03). Conclusions and Relevance In this study, unconditional cash transfers to mothers experiencing poverty did not improve reports of their child's health, sleep, or health care utilization. However, stable income support of this magnitude improved toddlers' consumption of fresh produce. Healthy newborns tend to grow into healthy toddlers, and the impacts of poverty reduction on children's health and sleep may not be fully borne out until later in life. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03593356.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emma R Hart
- Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, New York
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Mansolf M, Blackwell CK, Chandran A, Colicino E, Geiger S, Harold G, McEvoy C, Santos HP, Sherlock PR, Bose S, Wright RJ. Caregiver Perceived Stress and Child Sleep Health: An Item-Level Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2023; 32:2558-2572. [PMID: 37662702 PMCID: PMC10473879 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-023-02624-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Up to 50% of children and adolescents in the United States (U.S.) experience sleep problems. While existing research suggests that perceived stress in caregivers is associated with poorer sleep outcomes in children, research on this relationship is often limited to infant and early childhood populations; therefore, we investigated this association in school-age children and adolescents. We used cross-sectional caregiver-reported surveys and applied item response theory (IRT) followed by meta-analysis to assess the relationship between caregiver perceived stress and child sleep disturbance, and moderation of this relationship by child age and the presence of a child mental or physical health condition. We analyzed data from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program, a collaboration of existing pediatric longitudinal cohort studies that collectively contribute a diverse and large sample size ideal for addressing questions related to children's health and consolidating results across population studies. Participants included caregivers of children ages 8 to 16 years from four ECHO cohorts. Caregiver perceived stress was measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and child sleep disturbance was assessed using five sleep-related items from the School-Age version of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Increases in caregiver perceived stress and child mental or physical health condition were independently associated with greater sleep disturbance among children. The findings reinforce the importance of accounting for, and potentially intervening on, the broader family context and children's mental and physical health in the interest of improving sleep health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aruna Chandran
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elena Colicino
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah Geiger
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Gordon Harold
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cindy McEvoy
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Hudson P. Santos
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Sonali Bose
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Sperber JF, Gennetian LA, Hart ER, Kunin-Batson A, Magnuson K, Duncan GJ, Yoshikawa H, Fox NA, Halpern-Meekin S, Noble KG. The Effect of a U.S. Poverty Reduction Intervention on Maternal Assessments of Young Children's Health, Nutrition, and Sleep: A Randomized Control Trial. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.05.25.23290530. [PMID: 37292982 PMCID: PMC10246146 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.25.23290530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Importance Children experiencing poverty are more likely to experience worse health outcomes during the first few years of life, including injury, chronic illness, worse nutrition, and poorer sleep. The extent to which a poverty reduction intervention improves children's health, nutrition, sleep, and healthcare utilization is unknown. Objective To determine the effect of a 3-year, monthly unconditional cash transfer on health, nutrition, sleep, and healthcare utilization of children experiencing poverty who are healthy at birth. Design Longitudinal randomized control trial. Setting Mother-infant dyads were recruited from postpartum wards in 12 hospitals in four cities across the U.S. Participants 1,000 mothers were enrolled in the study. Eligibility criteria included: an annual income below the federal poverty line, being of legal age for consent, speaking English or Spanish, residing in the state of recruitment, and having an infant admitted to the well-baby nursery with plans to be discharged to the custody of the mother. Intervention Mothers were randomly assigned to receive either a high-cash gift ($333 per month, or $3,996 per year; n=400) or a low-cash gift ($20 per month, or $240 per year; n=600) for the first several years of their child's life. Main Outcomes and Measures Pre-registered maternal assessments of the focal child's health, nutrition, sleep, and healthcare utilization were collected at children's ages 1, 2, and 3. Results Enrolled participants were majority Black (42%) and Hispanic (41%). 857 mothers participated in all three waves of data collection. We found no statistically detectable differences between the high-cash and low-cash gift groups in maternal assessments of children's overall health, sleep, or healthcare utilization. However, mothers in the high-cash gift group reported higher child consumption of fresh produce compared with mothers in the low-cash gift group at age 2, the only time point it was measured (β=0.17, SE=0.07, p=0.03). Conclusions and Relevance In this RCT, unconditional cash transfers to mothers experiencing poverty did not improve their reports of their child's health, sleep, or healthcare utilization. However, stable income support of this magnitude improved toddler's consumption of fresh produce. Healthy newborns tend to grow into healthy toddlers, and the impacts of poverty reduction on children's health and sleep may not be fully borne out until later in life. Trial Registration Baby's First Years (BFY; ID NCT03593356) https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03593356?term=NCT03593356&draw=2&rank=1.
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Okano S, Araki A, Kimura K, Fukuda I, Miyamoto A, Tanaka H. Questionnaire survey on sleep habits of 3-year-old children in Asahikawa City: Comparison between 2005 and 2020. Brain Dev 2023; 45:332-342. [PMID: 36806406 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Good sleep is essential for children's healthy growth. In 2005, we conducted a questionnaire survey on children's sleep habits and their background, targeting parents who attended health checkups for their 3-year-old children in Asahikawa City, Hokkaido. In 2020, we performed a secondary survey, including additional questions regarding media usage. We analyzed changes in children's sleep environment by comparing the results of both surveys. METHODS Children from 500 families (n = 420; 219 males, 201 females; mean age, 3.6 years) who underwent 3.5-year-old health checkups (per the changed schedule in 2015) in Asahikawa City from July 2020 to November 2020 and their parents who had completely answered the questionnaire were included. RESULTS The proportion of children who used childcare support system such as nursery schools or kindergarten increased from 30% in the previous survey to 95% in the present survey. The mean nocturnal sleep duration of children was 9.33 h in the present survey, 0.77 h shorter than that in the previous survey; similar to the previous survey results, it was significantly short (8.71 h) in children who went to bed after 10 PM. Moreover, it was significantly short in children who watched television for more than two hours or used media within two hours before going to bed or if parents used smartphones or watched motion pictures for >30 min/day. The rate of consulting pediatricians regarding sleep problems decreased from 3% to 2.4%. CONCLUSION Parents' lifestyles greatly influenced children's sleep habits in 2020. Pediatricians should actively participate in managing children's sleep problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Okano
- Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Habilitation Center for Children, Japan.
| | - Akiko Araki
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Child Development General Support Center, Japan
| | - Kayano Kimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Habilitation Center for Children, Japan
| | - Ikue Fukuda
- Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Habilitation Center for Children, Japan
| | - Akie Miyamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Habilitation Center for Children, Japan
| | - Hajime Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Habilitation Center for Children, Japan
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Chang LY, Chiang TL. Family environment characteristics and sleep duration in children: Maternal mental health as a mediator. Soc Sci Med 2022; 314:115450. [PMID: 36257089 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family environment is a key factor affecting children's health. However, little is known about whether and how the family environment affects sleep duration in children. This study investigated the effects of both physical and social characteristics of the family environment on sleep duration in children and determined whether these associations were mediated by maternal mental health. METHODS Data were obtained from the Taiwan Birth Cohort Study. A total of 19,400 children who completed 6-month, 18-month, 3-year, 5.5-year, and 8-year surveys were analyzed. The physical family environment characteristics were household crowding and housing quality. Family functioning was used as an indicator of family social environment. Multiple linear regression and path analysis were performed to test the hypotheses. RESULTS The children living in crowded households had shorter sleep durations (β = -0.03, p < .001). Superior housing quality and family functioning were associated with longer sleep durations (β = 0.04 and 0.02, respectively, ps < .01). The effects of housing quality and family functioning on sleep duration were mediated by maternal mental health. CONCLUSIONS Both physical and social characteristics of the family environment are critical to sleep duration in children. The effects of family environment characteristics on sleep duration in children are in part mediated by maternal mental health. Interventions to improve sleep during childhood by targeting the family environment may be more effective when maternal mental health is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yin Chang
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tung-Liang Chiang
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Loo BKG, Okely A, Taylor R, Novotny R, Wickramasinghe P, Müller-Riemenschneider F, Waqa G, Pulungan A, Kusuda S, Tan KH. Asia-Pacific consensus statement on integrated 24-hour activity guidelines for the early years. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2022; 32:100641. [PMID: 36785856 PMCID: PMC9918766 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Early childhood is a vital period for development and growth. Promoting beneficial lifestyle behaviours in early childhood can help optimise children's health, development and learning, shape their behaviours in adulthood and offer the best protection against future non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In the Asia-Pacific region, NCDs are significant causes of healthcare burden and mortality. Furthermore, there is also a high prevalence of adverse metabolic risk factors and unhealthy lifestyle behaviours among these children. Method Representatives from 19 Asia-Pacific nations and/or jurisdictions developed a consensus statement on integrated 24-hour activity guidelines for the early years using the GRADE-ADOLOPMENT framework. Findings These guidelines apply to all infants, toddlers and pre-schoolers below 5 years of age. The guidelines aim to provide a holistic and practical approach to lifestyle activities by framing physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep within a 24-hour period. Dietary patterns were included as they play an integral role in metabolic health and energy balance. Interpretation Aligned with the World Health Organization's Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of NCDs through health promotion interventions in early life, through cultivating healthy lifestyle behaviours in the children's early years, we aim to provide children with the best start in life and reduce the burden of future NCDs in the Asia-Pacific region. Funding Funded by Integrated platform for research in advancing metabolic health outcomes of women and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benny Kai Guo Loo
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Service, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore,Corresponding author. Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore.
| | - Anthony Okely
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rachael Taylor
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Rachel Novotny
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | | | | | - Gade Waqa
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji
| | - Aman Pulungan
- Endocrinology Division, Child Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia – Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Satoshi Kusuda
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyorin University, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
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Wu C, Yan JR, He CY, Wu J, Zhang YJ, Du J, Lin YW, Zhang YH, Heng CN, Lang HJ. Latent profile analysis of security among patients with COVID-19 infection in mobile cabin hospitals and its relationship with psychological capital. Front Public Health 2022; 10:993831. [PMID: 36466444 PMCID: PMC9709271 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.993831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim COVID-19 patients' security is related to their mental health. However, the classification of this group's sense of security is still unclear. The aim of our research is to clarify the subtypes of security of patients infected with COVID-19, explore the factors affecting profile membership, and examine the relationship between security and psychological capital for the purpose of providing a reference for improving patients' sense of security and mental health. Methods A total of 650 COVID-19 patients in a mobile cabin hospital were selected for a cross-sectional survey from April to May 2022. They completed online self-report questionnaires that included a demographic questionnaire, security scale, and psychological capital scale. Data analysis included latent profile analysis, variance analysis, the Chi-square test, multiple comparisons, multivariate logistical regression, and hierarchical regression analysis. Results Three latent profiles were identified-low security (Class 1), moderate security (Class 2), and high security (Class 3)-accounting for 12.00, 49.51, and 38.49% of the total surveyed patients, respectively. In terms of the score of security and its two dimensions, Class 3 was higher than Class 2, and Class 2 was higher than Class 1 (all P < 0.001). Patients with difficulty falling asleep, sleep quality as usual, and lower tenacity were more likely to be grouped into Class 1 rather than Class 3; Patients from families with a per capita monthly household income <3,000 and lower self-efficacy and hope were more likely to be grouped into Classes 1 and 2 than into Class 3. Psychological capital was an important predictor of security, which could independently explain 18.70% of the variation in the patients' security. Conclusions Security has different classification features among patients with COVID-19 infection in mobile cabin hospitals. The security of over half of the patients surveyed is at the lower or middle level, and psychological capital is an important predictor of the patients' security. Medical staff should actively pay attention to patients with low security and help them to improve their security level and psychological capital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia-ran Yan
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chun-yan He
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yin-juan Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ya-wei Lin
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu-hai Zhang
- Department of Health Statistics, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, China,*Correspondence: Yu-hai Zhang
| | - Chun-ni Heng
- Department of Endocrinology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, China,Chun-ni Heng
| | - Hong-juan Lang
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, China,Hong-juan Lang
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Hoyniak CP, Bates JE, Catalina Camacho M, McQuillan ME, Whalen DJ, Staples AD, Rudasill KM, Deater-Deckard K. The physical home environment and sleep: What matters most for sleep in early childhood. JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY : JFP : JOURNAL OF THE DIVISION OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (DIVISION 43) 2022; 36:757-769. [PMID: 35266772 PMCID: PMC9747092 DOI: 10.1037/fam0000977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The physical home environment is thought to play a crucial role in facilitating healthy sleep in young children. However, relatively little is known about how various features of the physical home environment are associated with sleep in early childhood, and some of the recommendations clinicians make for improving child sleep environments are based on limited research evidence. The present study examined how observer and parent descriptions of the child's physical home environment were associated with child sleep, measured using actigraphy and parent's reports, across a year in early childhood. The study used a machine learning approach (elastic net regression) to specify which aspects of the physical home environment were most important for predicting five aspects of child sleep, sleep duration, sleep variability, sleep timing, sleep activity, and latency to fall asleep. The study included 546 toddlers (265 females) recruited at 30 months of age and reassessed at 36 and 42 months of age. Poorer quality physical home environments were associated with later sleep schedules, more variable sleep schedules, shorter sleep durations, and more parent-reported sleep problems in young children. The most important environmental predictors of sleep were room sharing with an adult, bed sharing, and quality of both the child's sleep space and the wider home environment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline P. Hoyniak
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - John E. Bates
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, USA
| | - M. Catalina Camacho
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - Maureen E. McQuillan
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Diana J. Whalen
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | | | | | - Kirby Deater-Deckard
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA
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Durmuşoğlu Saltalı N, Günay Molu N, Ateş MA. Psychometric evaluation of the Turkish Adaptation of Parent-Child Sleep Interaction Scale (PSIS) for preschoolers. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2022.2090672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nesibe Günay Molu
- Department of Psychiatry Nursing, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Ateş
- Department of Preschool Education, Girne American University, Girne, Cyprus
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Ercengiz M, Safalı S, Kaya A, Turan ME. A hypothetic model for examining the relationship between happiness, forgiveness, emotional reactivity and emotional security. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-15. [PMID: 35370385 PMCID: PMC8960667 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02909-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The ultimate goal of life is happiness, according to Plato. Perhaps the most critical questions in the life of human beings have been on happiness and processes that affect happiness. The present study was planned during the COVID-19 pandemic; perhaps human beings are most needed for happiness. The original hypothetical model and the findings constitute the powerful and different aspects of the present study. This study determined a hypothetical model to examine the relationships among happiness, forgiveness, emotional reactivity, and emotional security. The participant group of the study consists of a total of 916 individuals from Turkey, 617 women, and 299 men. The age scale of the participants is between 18-25. Participants completed the Heartland Forgiveness Scale, the Emotional Security Scale, the Emotional Reactivity Scale, and the Oxford Happiness Scale. Mediation analysis was conducted using Hayes' (2017) process macro. According to the proposed model in the study, emotional reactivity mediates the relationship between forgiveness and happiness. As the individual's forgiveness increases, their emotional reactivity decreases, and as the emotional reactivity decreases, the individual's level of happiness increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ercengiz
- Faculty of Education, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Turkey
| | - Serdar Safalı
- Faculty of Education, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Turkey
| | - Alican Kaya
- Faculty of Education, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Turkey
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Sleep and Negative Affect Across Toddlerhood in the Context of Stress. AFFECTIVE SCIENCE 2022; 3:370-382. [PMID: 36046005 PMCID: PMC9382980 DOI: 10.1007/s42761-021-00094-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Negative affect is associated with both high stress and poor sleep, but questions remain about the direction of these associations across time and interactions between stress and sleep, especially in early childhood. The present study examined sleep deficits, family stress, and observed negative affect in a sample of toddlers at 30, 36, and 42 months (N = 504). Negative affect was observed during a parent-child free play task. Sleep was measured via actigraphy. Stress was measured using a cumulative risk index of socioeconomic status, single parent status, household chaos, role overload, parenting hassles, social support, and stressful events. Findings showed few associations between sleep and negative affect, except for toddlers experiencing high levels of family stress. Toddlers experiencing both high stress and poor sleep demonstrated the highest levels of negative affect in the lab at 30 months. Adequate sleep may serve as a protective factor for children in high-stress families.
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Propper CB, McLaughlin K, Goldblum J, Camerota M, Gueron-Sela N, Mills-Koonce WR, Wagner NJ. Parenting and maternal reported child sleep problems in infancy predict school-age aggression and inattention. Sleep Health 2021; 8:62-68. [PMID: 34980579 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine caregiving predictors of maternal reported sleep problems and child behavioral and cognitive outcomes in early childhood. DESIGN A prospective longitudinal study from 6 to 84 months of age. SETTING Lab visits, assessments, and questionnaires conducted with a community-based sample. PARTICIPANTS One hundred sixty-four African American and White children, their mothers, and teachers. MEASUREMENT Parenting behavior was measured during a free-play task at 6 months of age, maternal-report of child sleep problems was completed at 6 timepoints, and teacher report of child aggression and attention was collected in kindergarten and second grade. RESULTS Latent growth curve modeling revealed that maternal reported sleep problems decreased in children from 18 to 84 months and harsh-intrusive parenting at 6 months predicted sleep problems at 18 months. Maternal reported sleep problems at 18 months predicted aggressive behaviors in kindergarten and second grade. CONCLUSION Parenting at 6 months of age exerts an influence on sleep quality at 18 months which is associated with aggressive behavior in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathi B Propper
- Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Kirsten McLaughlin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jessica Goldblum
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Marie Camerota
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Noa Gueron-Sela
- Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - W Roger Mills-Koonce
- School of Education, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nicholas J Wagner
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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McQuillan ME, Bates JE, Staples AD, Hoyniak CP, Rudasill KM, Molfese VJ. Sustained attention across toddlerhood: The roles of language and sleep. Dev Psychol 2021; 57:1042-1057. [PMID: 34435821 PMCID: PMC8406408 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined individual differences in the development of sustained attention across toddlerhood, as well as how these individual differences related to the development of language and sleep. Toddlers (N = 314; 54% male) were assessed at 30, 36, and 42 months using multiple measures of attention, a standardized language assessment, and actigraphic measures of sleep. Toddlers were 80% White. Family socioeconomic status (SES) was calculated using the Hollingshead Four Factor Index and ranged from 13 to 66 (M = 47.59, SD = 14.13). Aims were (a) to examine associations between measures of attention across situations, informants, and time; (b) to consider the independent and interactive effects of language and sleep on attention; and (c) to test potential bidirectional associations between sleep and attention. Findings showed attention measures were stable across time but were only weakly linked with each other at 42 months. Attention was consistently linked with language. More variable sleep and longer naps were associated with less growth in sustained attention across time. Nighttime sleep duration interacted with language in that sleep duration was positively associated with attention scores among toddlers with less advanced language, even when SES was controlled. The findings describe an understudied aspect of how sustained attention develops, involving the main effect of consistent sleep schedules and the interaction effect of amount of sleep and child language development. These findings are relevant to understanding early childhood risk for developing attention problems and to exploring a potential prevention target in family sleep practices. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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