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Rafi N, Dominguez M, Okello P, Mathew FM. No Common Candidate Genes for Resistance to Fusarium graminearum, F. proliferatum, F. sporotrichioides, and F. subglutinans in Soybean Accessions from Maturity Groups 0 and I: Findings from Genome-wide Association Mapping. PLANT DISEASE 2024:PDIS02240477RE. [PMID: 38640427 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-24-0477-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Seedling diseases and root rot, caused by species of Fusarium, can limit soybean (Glycine max L.) production in the United States. Currently, there are few commercially available cultivars resistant to Fusarium. This study was conducted to assess the resistance of soybean maturity group (MG) accessions from 0 and I to Fusarium proliferatum, F. sporotrichioides, and F. subglutinans, as well as to identify common quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance to these pathogens, in addition to F. graminearum, using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). A total of 155, 91, and 48 accessions from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) soybean germplasm collection from MG 0 and I were screened with a single isolate each of F. proliferatum, F. sporotrichioides, and F. subglutinans, respectively, using the inoculum layer inoculation method in the greenhouse. The disease severity was assessed 21 days postinoculation and analyzed using nonparametric statistics to determine the relative treatment effects (RTEs). Eleven and seven accessions showed significantly lower RTEs when inoculated with F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans, respectively, compared with the susceptible cultivar 'Williams 82'. One accession was significantly less susceptible to both F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans. The GWAS conducted with 41,985 single-nucleotide markers identified one QTL associated with resistance to both F. proliferatum and F. sporotrichioides, as well as another QTL for resistance to both F. subglutinans and F. graminearum. However, no common QTLs were identified for the four pathogens. The USDA accessions and QTLs identified in this study can be utilized to selectively breed resistance to multiple species of Fusarium.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitha Rafi
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, U.S.A
| | - Matias Dominguez
- EEA INTA Pergamino, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paul Okello
- Department of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, U.S.A
| | - Febina M Mathew
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, U.S.A
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Qiu R, Li C, Zhang Y, Li X, Li C, Liu C, Zhang M, Bai J, Chen Y, Li F, Li S. Characterization of Fusarium solani Associated with Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum) Root Rot in Henan, China. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:2447-2453. [PMID: 38522090 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-23-2172-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) population obtained from tobacco roots with root rot symptoms by morphological characteristics, molecular tests, and assessment of pathogenicity. Cultures isolated from roots were white to cream with sparse mycelium on potato dextrose agar, with colony growth of 21.5 ± 0.5 to 29.5 ± 0.5 mm after 3 days. Sporodochia were cream on carnation leaf agar (CLA) and Spezieller Nährstoffarmer agar (SNA), and macroconidia formed in sporodochia were 3 to 6 septate and straight to slightly curved, with wide central cells, a slightly short blunt apical cell, and a straight to almost cylindrical basal cell with a distinct foot shape, ranging in size from 20.92 to 64.37 × 3.91 to 6.57 μm. Microconidia formed on CLA were reniform and fusiform, with 0 or 1 to occasionally 2 septa, that formed on long monophialidic conidiogenous cells, with a size range of 5.99 to 32.32 × 1.76 to 5.84 μm. Globose to oval chlamydospores were smooth- to rough-walled, 6.5 to 13.3 ± 0.37 μm in diameter, and terminal or intercalary and occurred singly, in pairs, or occasionally in short chains on SNA. Molecular tests consisted of sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the translation elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1α), RNA polymerase II largest subunit, and second largest subunit regions. All the obtained sequences revealed 98.14 to 100% identity to F. solani in both Fusarium ID and Fusarium MLST databases. Phylogenetic trees of the EF-1α gene and concatenated three-locus data showed that isolates from tobacco in Henan grouped in the proposed group 5, which is nested within FSSC clade 3 (FSSC 5). Twenty-seven of the 28 isolates caused root rot in artificially inoculated tobacco seedlings, with a disease severity index ranging from 15.00 ± 1.67 to 91.11 ± 2.22. Cross-pathogenicity tests showed that three representative isolates were virulent to six species of Solanaceae and two species of Poaceae, with disease severity indexes ranging from 6.12 ± 0.56 to 84.44 ± 0.00, indicating that these isolates have a wide host range. The results may inform the control of tobacco root rot through improved crop rotations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qiu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Caihong Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Chengjun Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Mengdan Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Jingke Bai
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Yuguo Chen
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Henan Provincial Tobacco Corporation of CNTC, Zhengzhou, Henan 450018, China
| | - Shujun Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
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Hamilton R, Jacobs JL, McCoy AG, Kelly HM, Bradley CA, Malvick DK, Rojas JA, Chilvers MI. Multistate Sensitivity Monitoring of Fusarium virguliforme to the SDHI Fungicides Fluopyram and Pydiflumetofen in the United States. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:1602-1611. [PMID: 38127633 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-23-2465-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Sudden death syndrome (SDS), caused by Fusarium virguliforme, is an important yield-limiting disease of soybean (Glycine max). From 1996 to 2022, cumulative yield losses attributed to SDS in North America totaled over 25 million metric tons, which was valued at over US $7.8 billion. Seed treatments are widely used to manage SDS by reducing early season soybean root infection by F. virguliforme. Fluopyram (succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor [SDHI] - FRAC 7), a fungicide seed treatment for SDS management, has been registered for use on soybean in the United States since 2014. A baseline sensitivity study conducted in 2014 evaluated 130 F. virguliforme isolates collected from five states to fluopyram in a mycelial growth inhibition assay and reported a mean EC50 of 3.35 mg/liter. This baseline study provided the foundation for the objectives of this research: to detect any statistically significant change in fluopyram sensitivity over time and geographical regions within the United States and to investigate sensitivity to the fungicide pydiflumetofen. We repeated fluopyram sensitivity testing on a panel of 80 historical F. virguliforme isolates collected from 2006 to 2013 (76 of which were used in the baseline study) and conducted testing on 123 contemporary isolates collected from 2016 to 2022 from 11 states. This study estimated a mean absolute EC50 of 3.95 mg/liter in isolates collected from 2006 to 2013 and a mean absolute EC50 of 4.19 mg/liter in those collected in 2016 to 2022. There was no significant change in fluopyram sensitivity (P = 0.1) identified between the historical and contemporary isolates. A subset of 23 isolates, tested against pydiflumetofen under the same conditions, estimated an absolute mean EC50 of 0.11 mg/liter. Moderate correlation was detected between fluopyram and pydiflumetofen sensitivity estimates (R = 0.53; P < 0.001). These findings enable future fluopyram and pydiflumetofen resistance monitoring and inform current soybean SDS management strategies in a regional and national context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Hamilton
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Janette L Jacobs
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Austin G McCoy
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Heather M Kelly
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, The University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Jackson, TN 38301
| | - Carl A Bradley
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Princeton, KY 42445
| | - Dean K Malvick
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
| | - J Alejandro Rojas
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
| | - Martin I Chilvers
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
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Wu L, Hwang SF, Strelkov SE, Fredua-Agyeman R, Oh SH, Bélanger RR, Wally O, Kim YM. Pathogenicity, Host Resistance, and Genetic Diversity of Fusarium Species under Controlled Conditions from Soybean in Canada. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:303. [PMID: 38786658 PMCID: PMC11122035 DOI: 10.3390/jof10050303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Fusarium spp. are commonly associated with the root rot complex of soybean (Glycine max). Previous surveys identified six common Fusarium species from Manitoba, including F. oxysporum, F. redolens, F. graminearum, F. solani, F. avenaceum, and F. acuminatum. This study aimed to determine their pathogenicity, assess host resistance, and evaluate the genetic diversity of Fusarium spp. isolated from Canada. The pathogenicity of these species was tested on two soybean cultivars, 'Akras' (moderately resistant) and 'B150Y1' (susceptible), under greenhouse conditions. The aggressiveness of the fungal isolates varied, with root rot severities ranging from 1.5 to 3.3 on a 0-4 scale. Subsequently, the six species were used to screen a panel of 20 Canadian soybean cultivars for resistance in a greenhouse. Cluster and principal component analyses were conducted based on the same traits used in the pathogenicity study. Two cultivars, 'P15T46R2' and 'B150Y1', were consistently found to be tolerant to F. oxysporum, F. redolens, F. graminearum, and F. solani. To investigate the incidence and prevalence of Fusarium spp. in Canada, fungi were isolated from 106 soybean fields surveyed across Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Ontario, and Quebec. Eighty-three Fusarium isolates were evaluated based on morphology and with multiple PCR primers, and phylogenetic analyses indicated their diversity across the major soybean production regions of Canada. Overall, this study contributes valuable insights into host resistance and the pathogenicity and genetic diversity of Fusarium spp. in Canadian soybean fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Wu
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada; (L.W.); (S.-F.H.); (S.E.S.); (R.F.-A.); (S.-H.O.)
| | - Sheau-Fang Hwang
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada; (L.W.); (S.-F.H.); (S.E.S.); (R.F.-A.); (S.-H.O.)
| | - Stephen E. Strelkov
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada; (L.W.); (S.-F.H.); (S.E.S.); (R.F.-A.); (S.-H.O.)
| | - Rudolph Fredua-Agyeman
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada; (L.W.); (S.-F.H.); (S.E.S.); (R.F.-A.); (S.-H.O.)
| | - Sang-Heon Oh
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada; (L.W.); (S.-F.H.); (S.E.S.); (R.F.-A.); (S.-H.O.)
| | - Richard R. Bélanger
- Centre de Recherche en Innovation des Végétaux, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Owen Wally
- Harrow Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, ON N0R 1G0, Canada;
| | - Yong-Min Kim
- Brandon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon, MB R7C 5Y3, Canada
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Chen W, Fan X, Tian C, Li F, Chou G. Identification and Characterization of Neocosmospora silvicola Causing Canker Disease on Pinus armandii in China. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:3026-3036. [PMID: 36867582 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-22-2982-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Chinese white pine, Pinus armandii, is a source of high-quality timber and an afforestation tree in China, which plays an important ecological and social role in water and soil conservation. Recently, a new canker disease has been reported in Longnan City, Gansu Province, where P. armandii is mainly distributed. In this study, the causal agent was isolated from diseased samples and identified as a fungal pathogen, Neocosmospora silvicola, based on morphological characteristics and molecular analyses (internal transcribed spacer, large subunit, RNA polymerase II, and translation elongation factor-1α). Pathogenicity tests on P. armandii revealed that N. silvicola isolates caused a 60% average mortality rate in artificially inoculated 2-year-old seedlings. The pathogenicity of these isolates was also observed on the branches of 10-year-old P. armandii trees with a 100% mortality rate. These results agree with the isolation of N. silvicola from diseased plants, suggesting the possible role of this fungus in the decline of P. armandii plants. Mycelial growth of N. silvicola was fastest on potato dextrose agar medium, and growth occurred at pH values ranging from 4.0 to 11.0 with temperatures between 5 and 40°C. The fungus also grew rapidly in complete darkness compared with other light conditions. Of the eight carbon and seven nitrogen sources tested, starch and sodium nitrate, respectively, were highly efficient in supporting the mycelial growth of N. silvicola. The ability of N. silvicola to grow at low temperatures (5°C) may explain its occurrence in the Longnan area of Gansu Province. This article is the first report of N. silvicola as an important fungal pathogen causing branch and stem cankers on Pinus tree species, which remains a threat to the forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Chen
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Xinlei Fan
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Chengming Tian
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Feng Li
- Zhouqu County Forestry and Grassland Technology Comprehensive Service Station, Zhouqu 746300, P.R. China
| | - Guifang Chou
- Zhouqu County Forestry and Grassland Technology Comprehensive Service Station, Zhouqu 746300, P.R. China
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Zeng ZQ, Zhuang WY. New Species of Neocosmospora (Ascomycota) from China as Evidenced by Morphological and Molecular Data. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1515. [PMID: 37511890 PMCID: PMC10381677 DOI: 10.3390/life13071515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Species of Neocosmospora are commonly found in soil, plant debris, and living woody or herbaceous substrates and occasionally found in water and air. Some species are reported as saprobes, endophytes, opportunistic pathogens of plants and animals, or producers of bioactive natural products, cytotoxic compounds, and industrial enzymes. To reveal the species diversity of Neocosmospora, specimens from different provinces of China were investigated. Five new species, Neocosmospora anhuiensis, N. aurantia, N. dimorpha, N. galbana, and N. maoershanica, were introduced based on morphological characteristics and DNA sequence analyses of combined calmodulin (CAM), the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2), and the translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1) regions. Differences between these new species and their close relatives are compared in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Qing Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wen-Ying Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Brown MT, Mueller DS, Kandel YR, Telenko DEP. Influence of Integrated Management Strategies on Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome (SDS) Root Infection, Foliar Symptoms, Yield and Net Returns. Pathogens 2023; 12:913. [PMID: 37513760 PMCID: PMC10385733 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12070913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Three soybean field trials were conducted in Indiana to evaluate the integration of seed treatment, cultivar selection, and seeding rate on sudden death syndrome (SDS) root rot, pathogen load in the root, foliar symptoms, yield, and net return. Two soybean cultivars, one moderately resistant and one susceptible to SDS, were planted at three seeding rates (272,277 seeds/ha, 346,535 seeds/ha, and 420,792 seeds/ha). Fluopyram and pydiflumetofen seed treatments were applied to both cultivars, and the cultivars were then compared with a control. Low foliar SDS disease pressure was observed in our study. Seed treatment with either fluopyram or pydiflumetofen and the use of a moderately resistant cultivar decreased Fusarium virguliforme DNA concentration in the root relative to the control and the use of a susceptible cultivar. Fluopyram significantly reduced visual root rot severity by 8.8% and increased yield by 105 kg/ha relative to the control but was not different from pydiflumetofen. However, pydiflumetofen performed the same as the control with respect to root rot severity and yield. Findings from this study support the use of a seed treatment to protect roots from infection and the use of a moderately resistant cultivar planted at a seeding rate of 346,535 seeds/ha to protect yield and maximize net returns when a field has low foliar SDS pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariama T Brown
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Daren S Mueller
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology, and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Yuba R Kandel
- 5Metis Inc., Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - Darcy E P Telenko
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Li X, Han SL, Zhang YY, Cai L, Zhao P. Heteroverticillium phytelephatis gen. et sp. nov. intercepted from nuts of Phytelephas macrocarpa, with an updated phylogenetic assessment of Nectriaceae. Mycology 2023; 14:155-174. [PMID: 37583458 PMCID: PMC10424595 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2023.2210603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
An entry postal parcel with mature nuts of Phytelephas macrocarpa from Togo was inspected at Dalian Customs (China) in December 2021, and four strains were isolated from symptomatic tissues of the nuts. Based on morphological observations and molecular phylogenetic analyses, above strains were identified as a new species which is mainly characterised by the verticillately branching conidiophores. Based on multi-locus phylogenetic analyses, this new species forms a monophyletic clade closely related to Corallomycetella, Paracremonium and Xenoacremonium but could not be accommodated in any known genera of Nectriaceae. Thus, a new genus Heteroverticillium is established to accommodate this new species (H. phytelephatis). To our knowledge, this is the first time that Chinese customs have intercepted a new fungal genus. In addition, we provided an updated backbone tree for the generic relationships in Nectriaceae, which may largely assist future identification of nectriaceous fungi to genus level in quarantine inspections. Based on our analysis, Varicosporellopsis is likely a late synonym of Paracremonium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Technology Center of Dalian Customs District, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ling Han
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yin-Yin Zhang
- Technology Center of Dalian Customs District, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Hosseini B, Voegele RT, Link TI. Diagnosis of Soybean Diseases Caused by Fungal and Oomycete Pathogens: Existing Methods and New Developments. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9050587. [PMID: 37233298 DOI: 10.3390/jof9050587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max) acreage is increasing dramatically, together with the use of soybean as a source of vegetable protein and oil. However, soybean production is affected by several diseases, especially diseases caused by fungal seed-borne pathogens. As infected seeds often appear symptomless, diagnosis by applying accurate detection techniques is essential to prevent propagation of pathogens. Seed incubation on culture media is the traditional method to detect such pathogens. This method is simple, but fungi have to develop axenically and expert mycologists are required for species identification. Even experts may not be able to provide reliable type level identification because of close similarities between species. Other pathogens are soil-borne. Here, traditional methods for detection and identification pose even greater problems. Recently, molecular methods, based on analyzing DNA, have been developed for sensitive and specific identification. Here, we provide an overview of available molecular assays to identify species of the genera Diaporthe, Sclerotinia, Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Cercospora, Septoria, Macrophomina, Phialophora, Rhizoctonia, Phakopsora, Phytophthora, and Pythium, causing soybean diseases. We also describe the basic steps in establishing PCR-based detection methods, and we discuss potentials and challenges in using such assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnoush Hosseini
- Department of Phytopathology, Institute of Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Otto-Sander-Str. 5, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ralf Thomas Voegele
- Department of Phytopathology, Institute of Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Otto-Sander-Str. 5, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tobias Immanuel Link
- Department of Phytopathology, Institute of Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Otto-Sander-Str. 5, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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Sabahi F, Banihashemi Z, Mirtalebi M, Rep M, Cacciola SO. Molecular Variability of the Fusarium solani Species Complex Associated with Fusarium Wilt of Melon in Iran. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9040486. [PMID: 37108940 PMCID: PMC10142084 DOI: 10.3390/jof9040486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Species of the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) are responsible for the Fusarium wilt disease of melon (Cucumis melo), a major disease of this crop in Iran. According to a recent taxonomic revision of Fusarium based primarily on multilocus phylogenetic analysis, Neocosmospora, a genus distinct from Fusarium sensu stricto, has been proposed to accommodate the FSSC. This study characterized 25 representative FSSC isolates from melon collected in 2009-2011 during a field survey carried out in five provinces of Iran. Pathogenicity assays showed the isolates were pathogenic on different varieties of melon and other cucurbits, including cucumber, watermelon, zucchini, pumpkin, and bottle gourd. Based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of three genetic regions, including nrDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS), 28S nrDNA large subunit (LSU) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), Neocosmospora falciformis (syn. F. falciforme), N. keratoplastica (syn. F. keratoplasticum), N. pisi (syn. F. vanettenii), and Neocosmospora sp. were identified among the Iranian FSSC isolates. The N. falciformis isolates were the most numerous. This is the first report of N. pisi causing wilt and root rot disease in melon. Iranian FSSC isolates from different regions in the country shared the same multilocus haplotypes suggesting a long-distance dispersal of FSSC, probably through seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sabahi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7144165186, Iran
| | - Zia Banihashemi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7144165186, Iran
| | - Maryam Mirtalebi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7144165186, Iran
| | - Martijn Rep
- Molecular Plant Pathology, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Santa Olga Cacciola
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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11
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Kandel YR, Lawson MN, Brown MT, Chilvers MI, Kleczewski NM, Telenko DEP, Tenuta AU, Smith DL, Mueller DS. Field and Greenhouse Assessment of Seed Treatment Fungicides for Management of Sudden Death Syndrome and Yield Response of Soybean. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:1131-1138. [PMID: 36190301 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-22-0527-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Seed treatments for the management of sudden death syndrome (SDS) caused by Fusarium virguliforme are available in the United States and Canada; however, side-by-side comparisons of these seed treatments are lacking. Sixteen field experiments were established in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, and Wisconsin, United States, and Ontario, Canada, in 2019 and 2020 to evaluate seed treatment combinations. Treatments included a nontreated check (NTC), fungicide and insecticide base seed treatments (base), fluopyram, base + fluopyram, base + saponin extracts from Chenopodium quinoa, base + fluopyram + heat-killed Burkholderia rinojenses, base + pydiflumetofen, base + thiabendazole + heat-killed B. rinojenses, and base + thiabendazole + C. quinoa extracts + heat-killed B. rinojenses. Treatments were tested on SDS moderately resistant and susceptible soybean cultivars at each location. Overall, NTC and base had the most root rot, most foliar disease index (FDX), and lowest yield. Base + fluopyram and base + pydiflumetofen were most effective for managing SDS. Moderately resistant cultivars reduced FDX in both years but visual root rot was greater on the moderately resistant than the susceptible cultivars in 2020. Yield response to cultivar was also inconsistent between the 2 years. In 2020, the susceptible cultivar provided significantly more yield than the moderately resistant cultivar. Treatment effect for root rot and FDX was similar in field and greenhouse evaluations. These results reinforce the need to include root rot evaluations in addition to foliar disease evaluations in the breeding process for resistance to F. virguliforme and highlights the importance of an integrated SDS management plan because not a single management tactic alone provides adequate control of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuba R Kandel
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, U.S.A
| | - Maia N Lawson
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, U.S.A
| | - Mariama T Brown
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, U.S.A
| | - Martin I Chilvers
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, U.S.A
| | - Nathan M Kleczewski
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, U.S.A
| | - Darcy E P Telenko
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, U.S.A
| | - Albert U Tenuta
- Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, Ontario N0P2C0, Canada
| | - Damon L Smith
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
| | - Daren S Mueller
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, U.S.A
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12
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Lin F, Chhapekar SS, Vieira CC, Da Silva MP, Rojas A, Lee D, Liu N, Pardo EM, Lee YC, Dong Z, Pinheiro JB, Ploper LD, Rupe J, Chen P, Wang D, Nguyen HT. Breeding for disease resistance in soybean: a global perspective. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:3773-3872. [PMID: 35790543 PMCID: PMC9729162 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04101-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE This review provides a comprehensive atlas of QTLs, genes, and alleles conferring resistance to 28 important diseases in all major soybean production regions in the world. Breeding disease-resistant soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] varieties is a common goal for soybean breeding programs to ensure the sustainability and growth of soybean production worldwide. However, due to global climate change, soybean breeders are facing strong challenges to defeat diseases. Marker-assisted selection and genomic selection have been demonstrated to be successful methods in quickly integrating vertical resistance or horizontal resistance into improved soybean varieties, where vertical resistance refers to R genes and major effect QTLs, and horizontal resistance is a combination of major and minor effect genes or QTLs. This review summarized more than 800 resistant loci/alleles and their tightly linked markers for 28 soybean diseases worldwide, caused by nematodes, oomycetes, fungi, bacteria, and viruses. The major breakthroughs in the discovery of disease resistance gene atlas of soybean were also emphasized which include: (1) identification and characterization of vertical resistance genes reside rhg1 and Rhg4 for soybean cyst nematode, and exploration of the underlying regulation mechanisms through copy number variation and (2) map-based cloning and characterization of Rps11 conferring resistance to 80% isolates of Phytophthora sojae across the USA. In this review, we also highlight the validated QTLs in overlapping genomic regions from at least two studies and applied a consistent naming nomenclature for these QTLs. Our review provides a comprehensive summary of important resistant genes/QTLs and can be used as a toolbox for soybean improvement. Finally, the summarized genetic knowledge sheds light on future directions of accelerated soybean breeding and translational genomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Lin
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Sushil Satish Chhapekar
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - Caio Canella Vieira
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
- Fisher Delta Research Center, University of Missouri, Portageville, MO 63873 USA
| | - Marcos Paulo Da Silva
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA
| | - Alejandro Rojas
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA
| | - Dongho Lee
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
- Fisher Delta Research Center, University of Missouri, Portageville, MO 63873 USA
| | - Nianxi Liu
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun,, 130033 Jilin China
| | - Esteban Mariano Pardo
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA) [Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC) – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)], Av. William Cross 3150, C.P. T4101XAC, Las Talitas, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Yi-Chen Lee
- Fisher Delta Research Center, University of Missouri, Portageville, MO 63873 USA
| | - Zhimin Dong
- Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun,, 130033 Jilin China
| | - Jose Baldin Pinheiro
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” (ESALQ/USP), PO Box 9, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900 Brazil
| | - Leonardo Daniel Ploper
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA) [Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC) – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)], Av. William Cross 3150, C.P. T4101XAC, Las Talitas, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - John Rupe
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA
| | - Pengyin Chen
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
- Fisher Delta Research Center, University of Missouri, Portageville, MO 63873 USA
| | - Dechun Wang
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Henry T. Nguyen
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
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13
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Rairdin A, Fotouhi F, Zhang J, Mueller DS, Ganapathysubramanian B, Singh AK, Dutta S, Sarkar S, Singh A. Deep learning-based phenotyping for genome wide association studies of sudden death syndrome in soybean. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:966244. [PMID: 36340398 PMCID: PMC9634489 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.966244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Using a reliable and accurate method to phenotype disease incidence and severity is essential to unravel the complex genetic architecture of disease resistance in plants, and to develop disease resistant cultivars. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) involve phenotyping large numbers of accessions, and have been used for a myriad of traits. In field studies, genetic accessions are phenotyped across multiple environments and replications, which takes a significant amount of labor and resources. Deep Learning (DL) techniques can be effective for analyzing image-based tasks; thus DL methods are becoming more routine for phenotyping traits to save time and effort. This research aims to conduct GWAS on sudden death syndrome (SDS) of soybean [Glycine max L. (Merr.)] using disease severity from both visual field ratings and DL-based (using images) severity ratings collected from 473 accessions. Images were processed through a DL framework that identified soybean leaflets with SDS symptoms, and then quantified the disease severity on those leaflets into a few classes with mean Average Precision of 0.34 on unseen test data. Both visual field ratings and image-based ratings identified significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with disease resistance. These significant SNP markers are either in the proximity of previously reported candidate genes for SDS or near potentially novel candidate genes. Four previously reported SDS QTL were identified that contained a significant SNPs, from this study, from both a visual field rating and an image-based rating. The results of this study provide an exciting avenue of using DL to capture complex phenotypic traits from images to get comparable or more insightful results compared to subjective visual field phenotyping of traits for disease symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlyn Rairdin
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Fateme Fotouhi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Jiaoping Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Daren S. Mueller
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | | | - Asheesh K. Singh
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Somak Dutta
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Soumik Sarkar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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14
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Yadav K, Dwivedi S, Gupta S, Dubey AK, Singh VK, Tanveer A, Yadav S, Yadav D. Genome mining of Fusarium reveals structural and functional diversity of pectin lyases: a bioinformatics approach. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:261. [PMID: 36082361 PMCID: PMC9445148 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03333-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pectin lyase (PNL) is an important enzyme of the pectinases group which degrades pectin polymer to 4,5-unsaturated oligogalacturonides by a unique β-elimination mechanism and is used in several industries. The existence of multigene families of pectin lyases has been investigated by mining microbial genomes. In the present study, 52 pectin lyase genes were predicted from sequenced six species of Fusarium, namely F. fujikuroi, F. graminearum, F. proliferatum, F. oxysporum, F. verticillioides and F. virguliforme. These sequences were in silico characterized for several physico-chemical, structural and functional attributes. The translated PNL proteins showed variability with 344-1142 amino acid residues, 35.44-127.41 kDa molecular weight, and pI ranging from 4.63 to 9.28. The aliphatic index ranged from 75.33 to 84.75. Multiple sequence alignment analysis showed several conserved amino acid residues and five distinct groups marked as I, II, III, IV, and V were observed in the phylogenetic tree. The Three-dimensional Structure of five of these PNLs, each representing a distinct group of phylogenetic trees was predicted using I-TASSER Server and validated. The pectin lyase proteins of Fusarium species revealed close similarity with pectin lyase of Aspergillus niger PelA(1IDJ) and PelB(1QCX). Diversity in the structural motifs was observed among Fusarium species with 2 β-sheets, 1 β-hairpin, 7-12 β bulges, 18-25 strands, 6 -11 helices, 1 helix-helix interaction, 32-49 β turns, 2-6 γ turns and 2- 3 disulfide bonds. The unique Pec_lyase domain was uniformly observed among all PNL proteins confirming its identity. The genome-wide mining of Fusarium species was attempted to provide the diversity of PNL genes, which could be explored for diverse applications after performing cloning and expression studies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03333-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh 273009 India
| | - Shruti Dwivedi
- Department of Biotechnology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh 273009 India
| | - Supriya Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh 273009 India
| | - Amit K. Dubey
- Department of Biotechnology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh 273009 India
| | - Vinay K. Singh
- Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Biotechnology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
| | - Aiman Tanveer
- Department of Biotechnology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh 273009 India
| | - Sangeeta Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh 273009 India
| | - Dinesh Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh 273009 India
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15
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Raza MM, Kaiser MS, Eggenberger SK, Nutter FW, Leandro LFS. Time of Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome Foliar Symptom Onset Influences Final Disease Intensity, Yield, and Yield Components. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:2392-2402. [PMID: 35196103 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-21-1551-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sudden death syndrome (SDS), caused by Fusarium virguliforme, causes substantial yield losses in soybean. However, relationships between soybean yield and components of disease progress, including time of disease onset, are poorly understood. Individual soybean plants (2018) and quadrats (2016 to 2018) were monitored in commercial fields and experimental plots in Iowa to quantify the impact of SDS foliar symptom onset on final SDS intensity, soybean yield components, and yield. The date when SDS foliar symptoms were first detected (onset time) and progress of SDS incidence and severity were recorded weekly. Individual soybean plants and quadrats were harvested at the end of each season. Beta-regression showed that date of SDS onset had a consistent and stable effect on final disease intensity both at individual plant and quadrat levels. The slope of the relationship between date of SDS onset and final SDS severity was common across all field sites and years. Weighted linear regression revealed that SDS onset explained 60 to 83% of the variation in number of pods, number of seeds, and total seed weight in individual plants, and 94 to 97% of the variation in seed yield in quadrats. Soybean yield damage functions (slopes) indicated that for each day SDS onset was delayed, soybean yield increased by 30.5 to 31.3 kg/ha. This new quantitative information improves understanding of the impact of SDS on final disease intensity and soybean yield. Further experiments are needed to determine how this relationship is affected by site-specific factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad M Raza
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Mark S Kaiser
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Sharon K Eggenberger
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Forest W Nutter
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Leonor F S Leandro
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
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16
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Abi Saad C, Masiello M, Habib W, Gerges E, Sanzani SM, Logrieco AF, Moretti A, Somma S. Diversity of Fusarium Species Isolated from Symptomatic Plants Belonging to a Wide Range of Agri-Food and Ornamental Crops in Lebanon. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:897. [PMID: 36135622 PMCID: PMC9502176 DOI: 10.3390/jof8090897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lebanon is a small Mediterranean country with different pedoclimatic conditions that allow the growth of both temperate and tropical plants. Currently, few studies are available on the occurrence and diversity of Fusarium species on Lebanese crops. A wide population of Fusarium strains was isolated from different symptomatic plants in the last 10 years. In the present investigation, a set of 134 representative strains were molecularly identified by sequencing the translation elongation factor, used in Fusarium as a barcoding gene. Great variability was observed, since the strains were grouped into nine different Fusarium Species Complexes (SCs). Fusarium oxysporum SC and Fusarium solani SC were the most frequent (53% and 24%, respectively). Members of important mycotoxigenic SCs were also detected: F. fujikuroi SC (7%), F. sambucinum SC (5%), F. incarnatum-equiseti SC (3%), and F. tricinctum SC (4%). Two strains belonging to F. lateritium SC, a single strain belonging to F. burgessii SC, and a single strain belonging to F. redolens SC were also detected. This paper reports, for the first time, the occurrence of several Fusarium species on Lebanese host plants. The clear picture of the Fusarium species distribution provided in this study can pose a basis for both a better understanding of the potential phytopathological and toxicological risks and planning future Fusarium management strategies in Lebanon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Abi Saad
- Institute of Science of Food Production-ISPA, Research National Council—CNR, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
- International Center for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies-CIHEAM Bari, Via Ceglie 9, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Mario Masiello
- Institute of Science of Food Production-ISPA, Research National Council—CNR, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Wassim Habib
- Centro di Ricerca, Sperimentazione e Formazione in Agricoltura “Basile Caramia”-CRSFA, Via Cisternino 281, Locorotondo, 70010 Bari, Italy
- Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Plant Protection, Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, Fanar 1202, Lebanon
| | - Elvis Gerges
- Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Plant Protection, Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, Fanar 1202, Lebanon
| | - Simona Marianna Sanzani
- International Center for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies-CIHEAM Bari, Via Ceglie 9, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Francesco Logrieco
- Institute of Science of Food Production-ISPA, Research National Council—CNR, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Moretti
- Institute of Science of Food Production-ISPA, Research National Council—CNR, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Somma
- Institute of Science of Food Production-ISPA, Research National Council—CNR, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
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17
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James JE, Santhanam J, Zakaria L, Mamat Rusli N, Abu Bakar M, Suetrong S, Sakayaroj J, Abdul Razak MF, Lamping E, Cannon RD. Morphology, Phenotype, and Molecular Identification of Clinical and Environmental Fusarium solani Species Complex Isolates from Malaysia. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8080845. [PMID: 36012833 PMCID: PMC9409803 DOI: 10.3390/jof8080845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium infections in humans (fusariosis) and in economically important plants involve species of several Fusarium species complexes. Species of the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) are the most frequent cause of human fusariosis. The FSSC comprises more than 60 closely related species that can be separated into three major clades by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) using translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1-α) and RNA polymerase II (RPB2) DNA sequences. The MLST nomenclature for clade 3 of the FSSC assigns numbers to species types (e.g., FSSC 2) and lowercase letters to identify unique haplotypes. The aim of this study was to analyse the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of 15 environmental and 15 clinical FSSC isolates from Malaysia. MLST was used for the genotypic characterisation of FSSC isolates from various locations within Malaysia, which was complemented by their morphological characterisation on potato dextrose and carnation leaf agar. MLST identified eight different FSSC species: thirteen Fusarium keratoplasticum (i.e., FSSC 2), six Fusarium suttonianum (FSSC 20), five Fusarium falciforme (FSSC 3+4), two Fusarium cyanescens (FSSC 27), and one each of Fusarium petroliphilum (FSSC 1), Fusarium waltergamsii (FSSC 7), Fusarium sp. (FSSC 12), and Fusarium striatum (FSSC 21). Consistent with previous reports from Malaysia, most (11 of 15) clinical FSSC isolates were F. keratoplasticum and the majority (9 of 15) of environmental isolates were F. suttonianum (5) or F. falciforme (4) strains. The taxonomic relationships of the isolates were resolved phylogenetically. The eight Fusarium species also showed distinct morphological characteristics, but these were less clearly defined and reached across species boundaries. Although TEF1-α and RPB2 sequences were sufficient for the species identification of most FSSC isolates, a more precise MLST scheme needs to be established to reliably assign individual isolates of the species-rich FSSC to their geographically-, epidemiologically-, and host-associated sub-lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper E. James
- Biomedical Science Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Jacinta Santhanam
- Biomedical Science Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-9289-7039
| | - Latiffah Zakaria
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Malaysia
| | - Nuraini Mamat Rusli
- Biomedical Science Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Mariahyati Abu Bakar
- Biomedical Science Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Satinee Suetrong
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Jariya Sakayaroj
- School of Science, Wailalak University, Nakhonsithammarat 80161, Thailand
| | - Mohd Fuat Abdul Razak
- Bacteriology Unit, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Erwin Lamping
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Richard D. Cannon
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
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18
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Olarte RA, Hall R, Tabima JF, Malvick D, Bushley K. Genetic Diversity and Aggressiveness of Fusarium virguliforme Isolates Across the Midwestern United States. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2022; 112:1273-1283. [PMID: 34907789 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-05-21-0191-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sudden death syndrome (SDS) of soybean is a damaging disease caused by the fungus Fusarium virguliforme. Since this pathogen was first reported in the southern U.S. state of Arkansas in 1971, it has spread throughout the midwestern United States. The SDS pathogen primarily colonizes roots but also produces toxins that translocate to and damage leaves. Previous studies have detected little to no genetic differentiation among isolates, suggesting F. virguliforme in North America has limited genetic diversity and a clonal population structure. Yet, isolates vary in virulence to roots and leaves. We characterized a set of F. virguliforme isolates from the midwestern United States, representing a south to north latitudinal gradient from Arkansas to Minnesota. Ten previously tested microsatellite loci were used to genotype isolates, and plant assays were conducted to assess virulence. Three distinct population clusters were differentiated across isolates. Although isolates ranged in virulence classes from low to very high, little correlation was found between virulence phenotype and cluster membership. Similarly, population structure and geographic location were not highly correlated. However, the earliest diverging cluster had the lowest genetic diversity and was detected only in southern states, whereas the two other clusters were distributed across the Midwest and were predominant in Minnesota. One of the midwestern clusters had the greatest genetic diversity and was found along the northern edge of the known distribution. The results support three genetically distinct population clusters of F. virguliforme in the United States, with two clusters contributing most to spread of this fungus across the Midwest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo A Olarte
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
| | - Rebecca Hall
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
| | | | - Dean Malvick
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
| | - Kathryn Bushley
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
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19
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Diversity of Some of the Major Fungal Pathogens of Soybean and Potential Management Options. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8877-5_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Biocontrol Potential of Bradyrhizobium japonicum Against Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome in Irrigated and Non-irrigated Fields. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8877-5_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Munkvold GP, Proctor RH, Moretti A. Mycotoxin Production in Fusarium According to Contemporary Species Concepts. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 59:373-402. [PMID: 34077240 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-020620-102825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium is one of the most important genera of plant-pathogenic fungi in the world and arguably the world's most important mycotoxin-producing genus. Fusarium species produce a staggering array of toxic metabolites that contribute to plant disease and mycotoxicoses in humans and other animals. A thorough understanding of the mycotoxin potential of individual species is crucial for assessing the toxicological risks associated with Fusarium diseases. There are thousands of reports of mycotoxin production by various species, and there have been numerous attempts to summarize them. These efforts have been complicated by competing classification systems based on morphology, sexual compatibility, and phylogenetic relationships. The current depth of knowledge of Fusarium genomes and mycotoxin biosynthetic pathways provides insights into how mycotoxin production is distributedamong species and multispecies lineages (species complexes) in the genus as well as opportunities to clarify and predict mycotoxin risks connected with known and newly described species. Here, we summarize mycotoxin production in the genus Fusarium and how mycotoxin risk aligns with current phylogenetic species concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary P Munkvold
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology and Seed Science Center, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA;
| | - Robert H Proctor
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Peoria, Illinois 61604, USA;
| | - Antonio Moretti
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy (CNR-ISPA), 70126 Bari, Italy;
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Ma C, Borgatta J, Hudson BG, Tamijani AA, De La Torre-Roche R, Zuverza-Mena N, Shen Y, Elmer W, Xing B, Mason SE, Hamers RJ, White JC. Advanced material modulation of nutritional and phytohormone status alleviates damage from soybean sudden death syndrome. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 15:1033-1042. [PMID: 33077964 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-020-00776-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Customized Cu3(PO4)2 and CuO nanosheets and commercial CuO nanoparticles were investigated for micronutrient delivery and suppression of soybean sudden death syndrome. An ab initio thermodynamics approach modelled how material morphology and matrix effects control the nutrient release. Infection reduced the biomass and photosynthesis by 70.3 and 60%, respectively; the foliar application of nanoscale Cu reversed this damage. Disease-induced changes in the antioxidant enzyme activity and fatty acid profile were also alleviated by Cu amendment. The transcription of two dozen defence- and health-related genes correlates a nanoscale Cu-enhanced innate disease response to reduced pathogenicity and increased growth. Cu-based nanosheets exhibited a greater disease suppression than that of CuO nanoparticles due to a greater leaf surface affinity and Cu dissolution, as determined computationally and experimentally. The findings highlight the importance and tunability of nanomaterial properties, such as morphology, composition and dissolution. The early seedling foliar application of nanoscale Cu to modulate nutrition and enhance immunity offers a great potential for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxin Ma
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jaya Borgatta
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Blake Geoffrey Hudson
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ali Abbaspour Tamijani
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Roberto De La Torre-Roche
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nubia Zuverza-Mena
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yu Shen
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wade Elmer
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Sara Elizabeth Mason
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Robert John Hamers
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jason Christopher White
- The Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Peréz CDP, De La Torre Roche R, Zuverza-Mena N, Ma C, Shen Y, White JC, Pozza EA, Pozza AAA, Elmer WH. Metalloid and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Suppress Sudden Death Syndrome of Soybean. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:77-87. [PMID: 31794210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Soybeans (Glycine max) (V3 stage) were sprayed once with nanoparticles (NPs) of AgO, B, CeO, CuO, MnO, MoO3, SiO, TiO, or ZnO and exposed to Fusarium virguliforme, the cause of sudden death syndrome. Up to 80% root rot was observed in greenhouse experiments. However, NP CuO, B, MoO3, or ZnO reduced the root rot severity by 17-25%. Infected roots and shoots had significant changes in B, Mg, P, S, Si, and Zn, but NP treatment restored levels to that of the healthy control. For example, the increased root Mg and Mn contents induced by disease were reversed by NP B and Mn amendments. In vitro assays found that the NPs did not inhibit the pathogen. This, along with the restoration of altered nutrient levels in the plant tissue, suggests that modulated plant nutrition increased disease defense. Treatment of seedlings with nanoscale micronutrients may be a new tool in promoting soybean health.
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Zhang L, Huang W, Peng D, Liu S. Comparative genomic analyses of two segregating mutants reveal seven genes likely involved in resistance to Fusarium equiseti in soybean via whole genome re-sequencing. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2019; 132:2997-3008. [PMID: 31338526 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03401-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The candidate genes involved in resistance to Fusarium equiseti in soybean PI 437654 were identified through comparative genomic analyses of mutants via whole genome re-sequencing. The fungus Fusarium infects each stage of the growth and development of soybean and causes soybean (Glycine max (L.)) seed and root rot and seedling damping-off and wilt with a large quantity of annual yield loss worldwide. It is very important to identify the resistant genes in soybean to prevent and control this pathogen. One Fusarium equiseti isolate was previously identified to be incompatible with 'PI 437654' but compatible with a Chinese soybean cultivar 'Zhonghuang 13'. In this study, with the infection of this isolate on the seedling roots of developed PI 437654 mutants, 6 mutants were identified from 500 mutants to significantly alter their phenotypes to F. equiseti compared to wild-type PI 437654. Then, two identified segregating mutants were selected to directly perform whole genome re-sequencing. Finally, through comparative genomic analyses 7 genes including one cluster of 4 nucleotide binding site-leucine-rich repeat genes on one genomic region of chromosome 7, a 60S ribosomal protein L12 gene and 2 uncharacterized genes were identified to be likely involved in the resistance to F. equiseti. These genes will facilitate the breeding of resistant germplasm resources and the identification of resistance of soybean to Fusarium spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenkun Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Deliang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiming Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China.
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Wiederhold NP, Gibas CFC. From the Clinical Mycology Laboratory: New Species and Changes in Fungal Taxonomy and Nomenclature. J Fungi (Basel) 2018; 4:E138. [PMID: 30558386 PMCID: PMC6308937 DOI: 10.3390/jof4040138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal taxonomy is the branch of mycology by which we classify and group fungi based on similarities or differences. Historically, this was done by morphologic characteristics and other phenotypic traits. However, with the advent of the molecular age in mycology, phylogenetic analysis based on DNA sequences has replaced these classic means for grouping related species. This, along with the abandonment of the dual nomenclature system, has led to a marked increase in the number of new species and reclassification of known species. Although these evaluations and changes are necessary to move the field forward, there is concern among medical mycologists that the rapidity by which fungal nomenclature is changing could cause confusion in the clinical literature. Thus, there is a proposal to allow medical mycologists to adopt changes in taxonomy and nomenclature at a slower pace. In this review, changes in the taxonomy and nomenclature of medically relevant fungi will be discussed along with the impact this may have on clinicians and patient care. Specific examples of changes and current controversies will also be given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan P Wiederhold
- Fungus Testing Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Connie F C Gibas
- Fungus Testing Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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Wang Y, Zhang L, Peng D, Xie S, Chen D, Pan Y, Tao Y, Yuan Z. Construction of Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on Gold-Nanoparticles/Carbon Nanotubes/Chitosan for Sensitive Determination of T-2 Toxin in Feed and Swine Meat. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3895. [PMID: 30563124 PMCID: PMC6320875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
T-2 toxin (T-2) is one of major concern mycotoxins acknowledged as an unavoidable contaminant in human foods, animal feeds and also agriculture products. Thus, a facile and sensitive method is essential for accurate T-2 toxin detection. In our work, a specific electrochemical immunosensor based on gold nanoparticles/carboxylic group-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (AuNPs/cSWNTs/CS) composite was established. The mechanism of the electrochemical immunosensor was an indirect competitive binding to a given amount of anti-T-2 between free T-2 and T-2-bovine serum albumin, which was conjugated on covalently functionalized cSWNTs decorated on the glass carbon electrode. Afterwards, the alkaline phosphatase labeled anti-mouse secondary antibody was bound to the electrode surface by reacting with the primary antibody. Lastly, alkaline phosphatase catalyzed the hydrolysis of the substrate α-naphthyl phosphate, which produced an electrochemical signal. Compared with conventional methods, the established immunosensor was more sensitive and simpler. Under optimal conditions, this method could quantitatively detect T-2 from 0.01 to 100 μg·L-1 with a detection limit of 0.13 μg·L-1 and favorable recovery 91.42⁻102.49%. Moreover, the immunosensor was successfully applied to assay T-2 in feed and swine meat, which showed good correlation with the results obtained from liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Detection for Veterinary Drug Residues, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Liyun Zhang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Detection for Veterinary Drug Residues, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Dapeng Peng
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Detection for Veterinary Drug Residues, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Shuyu Xie
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Detection for Veterinary Drug Residues, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Dongmei Chen
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Detection for Veterinary Drug Residues, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yuanhu Pan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Detection for Veterinary Drug Residues, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yanfei Tao
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Detection for Veterinary Drug Residues, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Detection for Veterinary Drug Residues, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Sang H, Witte A, Jacobs JL, Chang HX, Wang J, Roth MG, Chilvers MI. Fluopyram Sensitivity and Functional Characterization of SdhB in the Fusarium solani Species Complex Causing Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2335. [PMID: 30327645 PMCID: PMC6174223 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicide, fluopyram, is used as a soybean seed treatment to manage Fusarium virguliforme, the casual agent of sudden death syndrome (SDS). More recently, other species within clade 2 of the Fusarium solani species, F. tucumaniae in South America and F. brasiliense in America and Africa, have been recognized as additional agents capable of causing SDS. To determine if fluopyram could be used for management of SDS caused by these species, in vitro sensitivity tests of the three Fusarium species to fluopyram were conducted. The mean EC50 values of F. brasiliense and F. virguliforme strains to fluopyram were 1.96 and 2.21 μg ml-1, respectively, but interestingly F. tucumaniae strains were highly sensitive (mean EC50 = 0.25 μg ml-1) to fluopyram compared to strains of the other two species. A sequence analysis of Sdh genes of Fusarium strains revealed that the F. tucumaniae strains contain an arginine at codon 277 in the SdhB gene instead of a glycine as in other Fusarium species. Replacement of glycine to arginine in SdhB-277 in a F. virguliforme wild-type strain Mont-1 through genetic transformation resulted in increased sensitivity to two SDHI fungicides, fluopyram and boscalid. Similar to a F. tucumaniae strain, the Mont-1 (SdhBG277R) mutant caused less SDS and root rot disease than Mont-1 on soybean seedlings with the fluopyram seed treatment. Our study suggests the amino acid difference in the SdhB in F. tucumaniae results in fluopyram being efficacious if used as a seed treatment for management of F. tucumaniae, which is the most abundant SDS causing species in South America. The establishment of baseline sensitivity of Fusarium species to fluopyram will contribute to effective strategies for managing Fusarium diseases in soybean and other pathosystems such as dry bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunkyu Sang
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Alexander Witte
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Janette L. Jacobs
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Hao-Xun Chang
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Mitchell G. Roth
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Genetics Graduate Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Martin I. Chilvers
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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Badrhadad A, Nazarian-Firouzabadi F, Ismaili A. Fusion of a chitin-binding domain to an antibacterial peptide to enhance resistance to Fusarium solani in tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum). 3 Biotech 2018; 8:391. [PMID: 30175028 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1416-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An antibacterial peptide-encoding gene from alfalfa seeds, alfAFP, was fused to the C-terminal part of chitin-binding domain (CBD) of the rice chitinase-encoding gene (CBD-alfAFP) and introduced to tobacco by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used to confirm the integration of the recombinant CBD-alfAFP encoding gene in transgenic tobacco plants. A number of transgenic lines and a non-transgenic control plant were selected for further molecular analyses. The result of analyzing the transgenic plants by semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that the recombinant gene is expressed in transgenic plants and there is a difference between the transgenic plants in terms of the level of CBD-alfAFP expression. The total protein was extracted from a few selected transgenic plants and used to evaluate the antibacterial/antifungal of recombinant protein activity against some important plant and human pathogens. The results of this experiment showed that the total protein extract obtained from transgenic lines significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited the growth of various bacteria and fungi compared to the non-transgenic plants. Transgenic lines showed a significant (P < 0.01) difference considering their ability to inhibit bacterial and fungal pathogens growth. The recombinant CBD-alfAFP protein significantly (P < 0.01) increased the resistance of the transgenic plants against Fusarium solani. Transgenic lines showed no significant wilting symptoms and obvious wilting symptoms were not observed even 30 days post-inoculation (dpi) with Fusarium solani spores. These results suggest that transgenic tobacco plants are resistant to Fusarium solani wilt and fusion of CBD to the alfAFP antimicrobial peptide is an efficient approach to control fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Badrhadad
- Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | | | - Ahmad Ismaili
- Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
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29
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Torbati M, Arzanlou M, Sandoval-Denis M, Crous PW. Multigene phylogeny reveals new fungicolous species in the Fusarium tricinctum species complex and novel hosts in the genus Fusarium from Iran. Mycol Prog 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-018-1422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Brzostowski LF, Pruski TI, Hartman GL, Bond JP, Wang D, Cianzio SR, Diers BW. Field evaluation of three sources of genetic resistance to sudden death syndrome of soybean. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2018; 131:1541-1552. [PMID: 29663054 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-018-3096-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Despite numerous challenges, field testing of three sources of genetic resistance to sudden death syndrome of soybean provides information to more effectively improve resistance to this disease in cultivars. Sudden death syndrome (SDS) of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] is a disease that causes yield loss in soybean growing regions across the USA and worldwide. While several quantitative trait loci (QTL) for SDS resistance have been mapped, studies to further evaluate these QTL are limited. The objective of our research was to map SDS resistance QTL and to test the effect of mapped resistance QTL on foliar symptoms when incorporated into elite soybean backgrounds. We mapped a QTL from Ripley to chromosome 10 (CHR10) and a QTL from PI507531 to chromosomes 1 and 18 (CHR1 and 18). Six populations were then developed to test the following QTL: cqSDS-001, with resistance originating from PI567374, CHR10, CHR1, and CHR18. The populations which segregated for resistant and susceptible QTL alleles were field tested in multiple environments and evaluated for SDS foliar symptoms. While foliar disease development was variable across environments and populations, a significant effect of each QTL on disease was detected within at least one environment. This includes the detection of cqSDS-001 in three genetic backgrounds. The QTL allele from the resistant parents was associated with greater resistance than the susceptible alleles for all QTL and backgrounds with the exception of the allele for CHR18, where the opposite occurred. This study highlights the importance and difficulties of evaluating QTL and the need for multi-year SDS field testing. The information presented in this study can aid breeders in making decisions to improve resistance to SDS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Glen L Hartman
- Department of Crop Sci, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jason P Bond
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Ag. Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Dechun Wang
- Department of Crop and Soil Sci, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Silvia R Cianzio
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Brian W Diers
- Department of Crop Sci, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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Swaminathan S, Abeysekara NS, Knight JM, Liu M, Dong J, Hudson ME, Bhattacharyya MK, Cianzio SR. Mapping of new quantitative trait loci for sudden death syndrome and soybean cyst nematode resistance in two soybean populations. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2018; 131:1047-1062. [PMID: 29582113 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-018-3057-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Novel QTL conferring resistance to both the SDS and SCN was detected in two RIL populations. Dual resistant RILs could be used in breeding programs for developing resistant soybean cultivars. Soybean cultivars, susceptible to the fungus Fusarium virguliforme, which causes sudden death syndrome (SDS), and to the soybean cyst nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines), suffer yield losses valued over a billion dollars annually. Both pathogens may occur in the same production fields. Planting of cultivars genetically resistant to both pathogens is considered one of the most effective means to control the two pathogens. The objective of the study was to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying SDS and SCN resistances. Two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations were developed by crossing 'A95-684043', a high-yielding maturity group (MG) II line resistant to SCN, with 'LS94-3207' and 'LS98-0582' of MG IV, resistant to both F. virguliforme and SCN. Two hundred F7 derived recombinant inbred lines from each population AX19286 (A95-684043 × LS94-3207) and AX19287 (A95-684043 × LS98-0582) were screened for resistance to each pathogen under greenhouse conditions. Five hundred and eighty and 371 SNP markers were used for mapping resistance QTL in each population. In AX19286, one novel SCN resistance QTL was mapped to chromosome 8. In AX19287, one novel SDS resistance QTL was mapped to chromosome 17 and one novel SCN resistance QTL was mapped to chromosome 11. Previously identified additional SDS and SCN resistance QTL were also detected in the study. Lines possessing superior resistance to both pathogens were also identified and could be used as germplasm sources for breeding SDS- and SCN-resistant soybean cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nilwala S Abeysekara
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA
| | - Joshua M Knight
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Ave, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Jia Dong
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Matthew E Hudson
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | | | - Silvia R Cianzio
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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32
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Šišić A, Al-Hatmi AMS, Baćanović-Šišić J, Ahmed SA, Dennenmoser D, de Hoog GS, Finckh MR. Two new species of the Fusarium solani species complex isolated from compost and hibiscus (Hibiscus sp.). Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2018; 111:1785-1805. [PMID: 29569107 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-018-1068-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Two new species in the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) are described and introduced. The new taxa are represented by German isolates CBS 142481 and CBS 142480 collected from commercial yard waste compost and vascular tissue of a wilting branch of hibiscus, respectively. The phylogenetic relationships of the collected strains to one another and within the FSSC were evaluated based on DNA sequences of 6 gene loci. Due to the limited sequence data available for reference strains in GenBank, however, a multi-gene phylogenetic analysis included partial sequences for the internal transcribed spacer region and intervening 5.8S nrRNA gene (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) and the RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2). Morphological and molecular phylogenetic data independently showed that these strains are distinct populations of the FSSC, nested within Clade 3. Thus, we introduce Fusarium stercicola and Fusarium witzenhausenense as novel species in the complex. In addition, 19 plant species of 7 legume genera were evaluated for their potential to host the newly described taxa. Eighteen plant species were successfully colonized, with 6 and 9 of these being symptomatic hosts for F. stercicola and F. witzenhausenense, respectively. As plants of the family Fabaceae are very distant to the originally sourced material from which the new taxa were recovered, our results suggest that F. stercicola and F. witzenhausenense are not host-specific and are ecologically fit to sustain stable populations in variety of habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Šišić
- Department of Ecological Plant Protection, University of Kassel, Nordbahnhofstr. 1a, 37213, Witzenhausen, Germany.
| | - Abdullah M S Al-Hatmi
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Centre of Expertise in Mycology, Radboud University Medical Centre/Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Ibri Hospital, Ibri, Oman
| | - Jelena Baćanović-Šišić
- Department of Organic Plant Breeding and Agrobiodiversity, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Sarah A Ahmed
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Dominic Dennenmoser
- Department of Organic Plant Breeding and Agrobiodiversity, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - G Sybren de Hoog
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Centre of Expertise in Mycology, Radboud University Medical Centre/Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Basic Pathology Department, Federal University of Paraná State, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maria R Finckh
- Department of Ecological Plant Protection, University of Kassel, Nordbahnhofstr. 1a, 37213, Witzenhausen, Germany
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33
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Leaf and Canopy Level Detection of Fusarium Virguliforme (Sudden Death Syndrome) in Soybean. REMOTE SENSING 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/rs10030426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Šišić A, Baćanović-Šišić J, Al-Hatmi AMS, Karlovsky P, Ahmed SA, Maier W, de Hoog GS, Finckh MR. The 'forma specialis' issue in Fusarium: A case study in Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1252. [PMID: 29352160 PMCID: PMC5775210 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19779-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) has been studied intensively but its association with legumes, particularly under European agro-climatic conditions, is still poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated phylogenetic relationships and aggressiveness of 79 isolates of the FSSC collected from pea, subterranean clover, white clover and winter vetch grown under diverse agro-climatic and soil conditions within Temperate and Mediterranean Europe. The isolates were characterized by sequencing tef1 and rpb2 loci and by greenhouse aggressiveness assays. The majority of the isolates belonged to two lineages: the F. pisi comb. nov. lineage (formerly F. solani f. sp. pisi) mainly accommodating German and Swiss isolates, and the Fusisporium (Fusarium) solani lineage accommodating mainly Italian isolates. Based on the results of aggressiveness tests on pea, most of the isolates were classified as weakly to moderately aggressive. In addition, using one model strain, 62 accessions of 10 legume genera were evaluated for their potential to host F. pisi, the species known mainly as a pathogen of pea. A total of 58 accessions were colonized, with 25 of these being asymptomatic hosts. These results suggest a broad host range for F. pisi and challenge the forma specialis naming system in Fusarium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Šišić
- Department of Ecological Plant Protection, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany.
| | - Jelena Baćanović-Šišić
- Department of Organic Plant Breeding and Agrobiodiversity, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Abdullah M S Al-Hatmi
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre of Expertise in Mycology Radboud University Medical Centre/ Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Ibri Hospital, Ibri, Oman
| | - Petr Karlovsky
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sarah A Ahmed
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - G Sybren de Hoog
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre of Expertise in Mycology Radboud University Medical Centre/ Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Basic Pathology Department, Federal University of Paraná State, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maria R Finckh
- Department of Ecological Plant Protection, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
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35
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Budagavi DP, Zarin S, Chugh A. Antifungal activity of Latarcin 1 derived cell-penetrating peptides against Fusarium solani. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1860:250-256. [PMID: 29108892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides and antimicrobial peptides share physicochemical characteristics and mechanisms of interaction with biological membranes, hence, termed as membrane active peptides. The present study aims at evaluating AMP activity of CPPs. LDP-NLS and LDP are Latarcin 1 derived cell-penetrating peptides and in the current study we have evaluated antifungal and cell-penetrating properties of these CPPs in Fusarium solani. We observed that LDP-NLS and LDP exhibited excellent antifungal activity against the fungus. Cellular uptake experiments with LDP-NLS and LDP showed that LDP-NLS acted as a CPP but LDP uptake into fungal spores and hyphae was negligible. CPP and AMP activity of mutated version of LDP-NLS was also evaluated and it was observed that both the activities of the peptide were compromised, signifying the importance of arginines and lysines present in LDP-NLS for initial interaction of membrane active peptides with biological membranes. Dextrans and Propidium Iodide uptake studies revealed that the mode of entry of LDP-NLS into fungal hyphae is through pore formation. Also, both LDP-NLS and LDP showed no cytotoxicity when infiltered into leaf tissues. Overall, our results suggest that LDP-NLS and LDP are selectively cytotoxic to F. solani and can be a potent peptide based antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sheeba Zarin
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Archana Chugh
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
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36
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Islam KT, Bond JP, Fakhoury AM. FvSNF1, the sucrose non-fermenting protein kinase gene of Fusarium virguliforme, is required for cell-wall-degrading enzymes expression and sudden death syndrome development in soybean. Curr Genet 2017; 63:723-738. [PMID: 28132080 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-017-0676-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium virguliforme is a soil-borne pathogenic fungus that causes sudden death syndrome (SDS) in soybean. Its pathogenicity is believed to require the activity of cell-wall-degrading enzymes (CWDEs). The sucrose non-fermenting protein kinase 1 gene (SNF1) is a key component of the glucose de-repression pathway in yeast, and a regulator of gene expression for CWDEs in some plant pathogenic fungi. To elucidate the functional role of the SNF1 homolog in F. virguliforme, FvSNF1 was disrupted using a split-marker strategy. Disruption of FvSNF1 in F. virguliforme abolishes galactose utilization and causes poor growth on xylose, arabinose and sucrose. However, the resulting Fvsnf1 mutant grew similar to wild-type and ectopic transformants on glucose, fructose, maltose, or pectin as the main source of carbon. The Fvsnf1 mutant displayed no expression of the gene-encoding galactose oxidase (GAO), a secretory enzyme that catalyzes oxidation of D-galactose. It also exhibited a significant reduction in the expression of several CWDE-coding genes in contrast to the wild-type strain. Greenhouse pathogenicity assays revealed that the Fvsnf1 mutant was severely impaired in its ability to cause SDS on challenged soybean plants. Microscopy and microtome studies on infected roots showed that the Fvsnf1 mutant was defective in colonizing vascular tissue of infected plants. Cross and longitudinal sections of infected roots stained with fluorescein-labeled wheat germ agglutinin and Congo red showed that the Fvsnf1 mutant failed to colonize the xylem vessels and phloem tissue at later stages of infection. Quantification of the fungal biomass in inoculated roots further confirmed a reduced colonization of roots by the Fvsnf1 mutant when compared to the wild type. These findings suggest that FvSNF1 regulates the expression of CWDEs in F. virguliforme, thus affecting the virulence of the fungus on soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazi T Islam
- Department of Plant, Soil and Agriculture Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Jason P Bond
- Department of Plant, Soil and Agriculture Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Ahmad M Fakhoury
- Department of Plant, Soil and Agriculture Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA.
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37
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Islam KT, Bond JP, Fakhoury AM. FvSTR1, a striatin orthologue in Fusarium virguliforme, is required for asexual development and virulence. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:6431-6445. [PMID: 28643182 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8387-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The soil-borne fungus Fusarium virguliforme causes sudden death syndrome (SDS), one of the most devastating diseases of soybean in North and South America. Despite the importance of SDS, a clear understanding of the fungal pathogenicity factors that affect the development of this disease is still lacking. We have identified FvSTR1, a F. virguliforme gene, which encodes a protein similar to a family of striatin proteins previously reported to regulate signalling pathways, cell differentiation, conidiation, sexual development, and virulence in filamentous fungi. Striatins are multi-domain proteins that serve as scaffolding units in the striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complex in fungi and animals. To address the function of a striatin homologue in F. virguliforme, FvSTR1 was disrupted and functionally characterized using a gene knock out strategy. The resulting Fvstr1 mutants were largely impaired in conidiation and pigmentation, and displayed defective conidia and conidiophore morphology compared to the wild-type and ectopic transformants. Greenhouse virulence assays revealed that the disruption of FvSTR1 resulted in complete loss of virulence in F. virguliforme. Microtome studies using fluorescence microscopy showed that the Fvstr1 mutants were defective in their ability to colonize the vascular system. The Fvstr1 mutants also showed a reduced transcript level of genes involved in asexual reproduction and in the production of secondary metabolites. These results suggest that FvSTR1 has a critical role in asexual development and virulence in F. virguliforme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazi T Islam
- Department of Plant, Soil and Agriculture Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Jason P Bond
- Department of Plant, Soil and Agriculture Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Ahmad M Fakhoury
- Department of Plant, Soil and Agriculture Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA.
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38
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Kuhlgert S, Austic G, Zegarac R, Osei-Bonsu I, Hoh D, Chilvers MI, Roth MG, Bi K, TerAvest D, Weebadde P, Kramer DM. MultispeQ Beta: a tool for large-scale plant phenotyping connected to the open PhotosynQ network. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2016; 3:160592. [PMID: 27853580 PMCID: PMC5099005 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale high-throughput plant phenotyping (sometimes called phenomics) is becoming increasingly important in plant biology and agriculture and is essential to cutting-edge plant breeding and management approaches needed to meet the food and fuel needs for the next century. Currently, the application of these approaches is severely limited by the availability of appropriate instrumentation and by the ability to communicate experimental protocols, results and analyses. To address these issues, we have developed a low-cost, yet sophisticated open-source scientific instrument designed to enable communities of researchers, plant breeders, educators, farmers and citizen scientists to collect high-quality field data on a large scale. The MultispeQ provides measurements in the field or laboratory of both, environmental conditions (light intensity and quality, temperature, humidity, CO2 levels, time and location) and useful plant phenotypes, including photosynthetic parameters-photosystem II quantum yield (ΦII), non-photochemical exciton quenching (NPQ), photosystem II photoinhibition, light-driven proton translocation and thylakoid proton motive force, regulation of the chloroplast ATP synthase and potentially many others-and leaf chlorophyll and other pigments. Plant phenotype data are transmitted from the MultispeQ to mobile devices, laptops or desktop computers together with key metadata that gets saved to the PhotosynQ platform (https://photosynq.org) and provides a suite of web-based tools for sharing, visualization, filtering, dissemination and analyses. We present validation experiments, comparing MultispeQ results with established platforms, and show that it can be usefully deployed in both laboratory and field settings. We present evidence that MultispeQ can be used by communities of researchers to rapidly measure, store and analyse multiple environmental and plant properties, allowing for deeper understanding of the complex interactions between plants and their environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Kuhlgert
- MSU-DOE-Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Greg Austic
- MSU-DOE-Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Robert Zegarac
- MSU-DOE-Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Isaac Osei-Bonsu
- MSU-DOE-Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Donghee Hoh
- MSU-DOE-Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Martin I. Chilvers
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Genetics Graduate Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Mitchell G. Roth
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Genetics Graduate Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Kevin Bi
- MSU-DOE-Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Dan TerAvest
- MSU-DOE-Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - David M. Kramer
- MSU-DOE-Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Author for correspondence: David M. Kramer e-mail:
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39
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Wang J, Chilvers MI. Development and characterization of microsatellite markers for Fusarium virguliforme and their utility within clade 2 of the Fusarium solani species complex. FUNGAL ECOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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40
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Pearson K, Taylor A, Fuchs R, Woodward S. Characterisation and pathogenicity of Fusarium taxa isolated from ragwort (Jacobaea vulgaris) roots. FUNGAL ECOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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41
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Costa SS, Matos KS, Tessmann DJ, Seixas CDS, Pfenning LH. Fusarium paranaense sp. nov., a member of the Fusarium solani species complex causes root rot on soybean in Brazil. Fungal Biol 2016; 120:51-60. [PMID: 26693684 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Isolates of Fusarium obtained from soybean plants showing symptoms of root rot collected in subtropical southern and tropical central Brazil were characterized based on phylogenetic analyses, sexual crossing, morphology, and pathogenicity tests. A novel species within the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) causing soybean root rot is formally described herein as Fusarium paranaense. This species can be distinguished from the other soybean root rot pathogens in the FSSC, which are commonly associated with soybean sudden death syndrome (SDS) based on analyses of the combined DNA sequences of translation elongation factor 1-α and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and on interspecies mating compatibility. Bayesian and maximum parsimony phylogenetic analyses showed that isolates of F. paranaense formed a distinct group in clade 3 of the FSSC in contrast to the pathogens currently known to cause SDS, which are in clade 2. Female fertile tester strains were developed that can be used for the identification of this new species in the FSSC based on sexual crosses. All isolates were heterothallic and belonged to a distinct mating population. Fusarium tucumaniae, a known SDS pathogen, was found in the subtropical southern region of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S Costa
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, 37200-000 Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Kedma S Matos
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, 37200-000 Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Dauri J Tessmann
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Ludwig H Pfenning
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, 37200-000 Lavras, MG, Brazil.
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42
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McCormick SP, Kato T, Maragos C, Busman M, Lattanzio VMT, Galaverna G, Dall-Asta C, Crich D, Price NPJ, Kurtzman CP. Anomericity of T-2 toxin-glucoside: masked mycotoxin in cereal crops. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:731-8. [PMID: 25520274 PMCID: PMC4303552 DOI: 10.1021/jf504737f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
T-2 toxin is a trichothecene mycotoxin produced when Fusarium fungi infect grains, especially oats and wheat. Ingestion of T-2 toxin contaminated grain can cause diarrhea, hemorrhaging, and feed refusal in livestock. Cereal crops infected with mycotoxin-producing fungi form toxin glycosides, sometimes called masked mycotoxins, which are a potential food safety concern because they are not detectable by standard approaches and may be converted back to the parent toxin during digestion or food processing. The work reported here addresses four aspects of T-2 toxin-glucosides: phytotoxicity, stability after ingestion, antibody detection, and the anomericity of the naturally occurring T-2 toxin-glucoside found in cereal plants. T-2 toxin-β-glucoside was chemically synthesized and compared to T-2 toxin-α-glucoside prepared with Blastobotrys muscicola cultures and the T-2 toxin-glucoside found in naturally contaminated oats and wheat. The anomeric forms were separated chromatographically and differ in both NMR and mass spectrometry. Both anomers were significantly degraded to T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin under conditions that mimic human digestion, but with different kinetics and metabolic end products. The naturally occurring T-2 toxin-glucoside from plants was found to be identical to T-2 toxin-α-glucoside prepared with B. muscicola. An antibody test for the detection of T-2 toxin was not effective for the detection of T-2 toxin-α-glucoside. This anomer was produced in sufficient quantity to assess its animal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan P. McCormick
- Bacterial
Foodborne Pathogens and Mycology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Peoria, Illinois 61604, United States
| | - Takayuki Kato
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Chris
M. Maragos
- Bacterial
Foodborne Pathogens and Mycology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Peoria, Illinois 61604, United States
| | - Mark Busman
- Bacterial
Foodborne Pathogens and Mycology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Peoria, Illinois 61604, United States
| | | | - Gianni Galaverna
- Department
of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Chiara Dall-Asta
- Department
of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - David Crich
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Neil P. J. Price
- Renewable
Product Technology Research Unit, National
Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Peoria, Illinois 61604, United States
| | - Cletus P. Kurtzman
- Bacterial
Foodborne Pathogens and Mycology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Peoria, Illinois 61604, United States
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Kazi S, Shultz J, Afzal J, Johnson J, Njiti VN, Lightfoot DA. Separate loci underlie resistance to root infection and leaf scorch during soybean sudden death syndrome. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2008; 116:967-77. [PMID: 18324383 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-008-0728-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2007] [Accepted: 02/01/2008] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars show differences in their resistance to both the leaf scorch and root rot of sudden death syndrome (SDS). The syndrome is caused by root colonization by Fusarium virguliforme (ex. F. solani f. sp. glycines). Root susceptibility combined with reduced leaf scorch resistance has been associated with resistance to Heterodera glycines HG Type 1.3.6.7 (race 14) of the soybean cyst nematode (SCN). In contrast, the rhg1 locus underlying resistance to Hg Type 0 was found clustered with three loci for resistance to SDS leaf scorch and one for root infection. The aims of this study were to compare the inheritance of resistance to leaf scorch and root infection in a population that segregated for resistance to SCN and to identify the underlying quantitative trait loci (QTL). "Hartwig", a cultivar partially resistant to SDS leaf scorch, F. virguliforme root infection and SCN HG Type 1.3.6.7 was crossed with the partially susceptible cultivar "Flyer". Ninety-two F5-derived recombinant inbred lines and 144 markers were used for map development. Four QTL found in earlier studies were confirmed. One contributed resistance to leaf scorch on linkage group (LG) C2 (Satt277; P = 0.004, R2 = 15%). Two on LG G underlay root infection at R8 (Satt038; P = 0.0001 R2 = 28.1%; Satt115; P = 0.003, R2 = 12.9%). The marker Satt038 was linked to rhg1 underlying resistance to SCN Hg Type 0. The fourth QTL was on LG D2 underlying resistance to root infection at R6 (Satt574; P = 0.001, R2 = 10%). That QTL was in an interval previously associated with resistance to both SDS leaf scorch and SCN Hg Type 1.3.6.7. The QTL showed repulsion linkage with resistance to SCN that may explain the relative susceptibility to SDS of some SCN resistant cultivars. One additional QTL was discovered on LG G underlying resistance to SDS leaf scorch measured by disease index (Satt130; P = 0.003, R2 = 13%). The loci and markers will provide tagged alleles with which to improve the breeding of cultivars combining resistances to SDS leaf scorch, root infection and SCN HG Type 1.3.6.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kazi
- Plant Biotechnology and Genomics Core-Facility, Department of Plant, Soil, and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
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