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Areecheewakul S, Adamcakova-Dodd A, Zacharias ZR, Jing X, Meyerholz DK, Legge KL, Houtman JCD, O’Shaughnessy PT, Thorne PS, Salem AK. Immunomodulatory Effects of Subacute Inhalation Exposure to Copper Oxide Nanoparticles in House Dust Mite-Induced Asthma. ACS NANO 2023; 17:14586-14603. [PMID: 37463491 PMCID: PMC10416562 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown that inhalation exposure to copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) results in pulmonary inflammation. However, immunomodulatory consequences after CuO NP inhalation exposure have been less explored. We tested the effect of CuO NP aerosols on immune responses in healthy, house dust mite (HDM) asthmatic, or allergen immunotherapy (AIT)-treated asthmatic mice (BALB/c, females). The AIT consisted of a vaccine comprising HDM allergens and CpG-loaded nanoparticles (CpG NPs). AIT treatment involved mice being immunized (via subcutaneous (sc) injection; 2 doses) while concomitantly being exposed to CuO NP aerosols (over a 2 week period), starting on the day of the first vaccination. Mice were then sensitized twice by sc injection and subsequently challenged with HDM extract 10 times by intranasal instillation. The asthmatic model followed the same timeline except that no immunizations were administered. All mice were necropsied 24 h after the end of the HDM challenge. CuO NP-exposed healthy mice showed a significant decrease in TH1 and TH2 cells, and an elevation in T-bet+ Treg cells, even 40 days after the last exposure to CuO NPs. Similarly, the CuO NP-exposed HDM asthma model demonstrated decreased TH2 responses and increased T-bet+ Treg cells. Conversely, CuO NP inhalation exposure to AIT-treated asthmatic mice resulted in an increase in TH2 cells. In conclusion, immunomodulatory effects of inhalation exposure to CuO NPs are dependent on immune conditions prior to exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudartip Areecheewakul
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Andrea Adamcakova-Dodd
- Department
of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Zeb R. Zacharias
- Interdisciplinary
Immunology Graduate Program, Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Xuefang Jing
- Department
of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - David K. Meyerholz
- Department
of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Kevin L. Legge
- Interdisciplinary
Immunology Graduate Program, Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jon C. D. Houtman
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Patrick T. O’Shaughnessy
- Department
of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Peter S. Thorne
- Department
of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Human
Toxicology
Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Aliasger K. Salem
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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2
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Echalar B, Dostalova D, Palacka K, Javorkova E, Hermankova B, Cervena T, Zajicova A, Holan V, Rossner P. Effects of antimicrobial metal nanoparticles on characteristics and function properties of mouse mesenchymal stem cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 87:105536. [PMID: 36528116 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have a wide use in various field of industry and in medicine, where they represent a promise for their antimicrobial effects. Simultaneous application of NPs and therapeutic stem cells can speed up tissue regeneration and improve healing process but there is a danger of negative impacts of NPs on stem cells. Therefore, we tested effects of four types of metal antimicrobial NPs on characteristics and function properties of mouse mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro. All types of tested NPs, i.e. zinc oxide, silver, copper oxide and titanium dioxide, exerted negative effects on the expression of phenotypic markers, metabolic activity, differentiation potential, expression of genes for immunoregulatory molecules and on production of cytokines and growth factors by MSCs. However, there were apparent differences in the impact of individual types of NPs on tested characteristics and function properties of MSCs. The results showed that individual types of NPs influence the activity of MSCs, and thus the use of metal NPs during tissue regeneration and in combination with stem cell therapy should be well considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Echalar
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Dominika Dostalova
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Palacka
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eliska Javorkova
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Hermankova
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Cervena
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Zajicova
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Holan
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Rossner
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
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3
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The Impact of Metal Nanoparticles on the Immunoregulatory and Therapeutic Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023:10.1007/s12015-022-10500-2. [PMID: 36810951 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10500-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Negative impacts of nanomaterials on stem cells and cells of the immune system are one of the main causes of an impaired or slowed tissue healing. Therefore, we tested effects of four selected types of metal nanoparticles (NPs): zinc oxide (ZnO), copper oxide (CuO), silver (Ag), and titanium dioxide (TiO2) on the metabolic activity and secretory potential of mouse mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and on the ability of MSCs to stimulate production of cytokines and growth factors by macrophages. Individual types of nanoparticles differed in the ability to inhibit metabolic activity, and significantly decreased the production of cytokines and growth factors (interleukin-6, vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1) by MSCs, with the strongest inhibitory effect of CuO NPs and the least effect of TiO2 NPs. The recent studies indicate that immunomodulatory and therapeutic effects of transplanted MSCs are mediated by macrophages engulfing apoptotic MSCs. We co-cultivated macrophages with heat-inactivated MSCs which were untreated or were preincubated with the highest nontoxic concentrations of metal NPs, and the secretory activity of macrophages was determined. Macrophages cultivated in the presence of both untreated MSCs or MSCs preincubated with NPs produced significantly enhanced and comparable levels of various cytokines and growth factors. These results suggest that metal nanoparticles inhibit therapeutic properties of MSCs by a direct negative effect on their secretory activity, but MSCs cultivated in the presence of metal NPs have preserved the ability to stimulate cytokine and growth factor production by macrophages.
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CuO-NPs-triggered heterophil extracellular traps exacerbate liver injury in chicks by promoting oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:2913-2926. [PMID: 35962800 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03357-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
With the widespread use of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs), their potential toxicity to the environment and biological health has attracted close attention. Heterophil extracellular traps (HETs) are an innate immune mechanism of chicken heterophils against adverse stimuli, but excessive HETs cause damage. Here, we explored the effect and mechanism of CuO-NPs on HETs formation in vitro and further evaluated the potential role of HETs in chicken liver and kidney injury. Heterophils were exposed to 5, 10, and 20 µg/mL of CuO-NPs for 2 h. The results showed that CuO-NPs induced typical HETs formation, which was dependent on NADPH oxidase, P38 and extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK1/2) pathways, and glycolysis. In in vivo experiments, fluorescence microplate and morphological analysis showed that CuO-NPs elevated the level of HETs in chicken serum and caused liver and kidney damage. Meanwhile, CuO-NPs caused hepatic oxidative stress (MDA, SOD, CAT, and GSH-PX imbalance), and also induced an increase in mRNA expression of their inflammatory and apoptosis-related factors (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, COX-2, iNOS, NLRP3, and Caspase-1, 3, 11). However, these results were significantly altered by DNase I (HETs degradation reagent). In conclusion, the present study demonstrates for the first time that CuO-NPs induce the formation of HETs and that HETs exacerbate pathological damage in chicken liver and kidney by promoting oxidative stress and inflammation, providing insights into immunotoxicity and potential prevention and treatment targets caused by CuO-NPs overexposure.
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Cameron SJ, Sheng J, Hosseinian F, Willmore WG. Nanoparticle Effects on Stress Response Pathways and Nanoparticle-Protein Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7962. [PMID: 35887304 PMCID: PMC9323783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly used in a wide variety of applications and products; however, NPs may affect stress response pathways and interact with proteins in biological systems. This review article will provide an overview of the beneficial and detrimental effects of NPs on stress response pathways with a focus on NP-protein interactions. Depending upon the particular NP, experimental model system, and dose and exposure conditions, the introduction of NPs may have either positive or negative effects. Cellular processes such as the development of oxidative stress, the initiation of the inflammatory response, mitochondrial function, detoxification, and alterations to signaling pathways are all affected by the introduction of NPs. In terms of tissue-specific effects, the local microenvironment can have a profound effect on whether an NP is beneficial or harmful to cells. Interactions of NPs with metal-binding proteins (zinc, copper, iron and calcium) affect both their structure and function. This review will provide insights into the current knowledge of protein-based nanotoxicology and closely examines the targets of specific NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana J. Cameron
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; (S.J.C.); (F.H.)
| | - Jessica Sheng
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada;
| | - Farah Hosseinian
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; (S.J.C.); (F.H.)
| | - William G. Willmore
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; (S.J.C.); (F.H.)
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada;
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
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6
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Areecheewakul S, Adamcakova-Dodd A, Haque E, Jing X, Meyerholz DK, O'Shaughnessy PT, Thorne PS, Salem AK. Time course of pulmonary inflammation and trace element biodistribution during and after sub-acute inhalation exposure to copper oxide nanoparticles in a murine model. Part Fibre Toxicol 2022; 19:40. [PMID: 35698146 PMCID: PMC9195454 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00480-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been shown that copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) induce pulmonary toxicity after acute or sub-acute inhalation exposures. However, little is known about the biodistribution and elimination kinetics of inhaled CuO NPs from the respiratory tract. The purposes of this study were to observe the kinetics of pulmonary inflammation during and after CuO NP sub-acute inhalation exposure and to investigate copper (Cu) biodistribution and clearance rate from the exposure site and homeostasis of selected trace elements in secondary organs of BALB/c mice. Results Sub-acute inhalation exposure to CuO NPs led to pulmonary inflammation represented by increases in lactate dehydrogenase, total cell counts, neutrophils, macrophages, inflammatory cytokines, iron levels in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and lung weight changes. Dosimetry analysis in lung tissues and BAL fluid showed Cu concentration increased steadily during exposure and gradually declined after exposure. Cu elimination from the lung showed first-order kinetics with a half-life of 6.5 days. Total Cu levels were significantly increased in whole blood and heart indicating that inhaled Cu could be translocated into the bloodstream and heart tissue, and potentially have adverse effects on the kidneys and spleen as there were significant changes in the weights of these organs; increase in the kidneys and decrease in the spleen. Furthermore, concentrations of selenium in kidneys and iron in spleen were decreased, pointing to disruption of trace element homeostasis. Conclusions Sub-acute inhalation exposure of CuO NPs induced pulmonary inflammation, which was correlated to Cu concentrations in the lungs and started to resolve once exposure ended. Dosimetry analysis showed that Cu in the lungs was translocated into the bloodstream and heart tissue. Secondary organs affected by CuO NPs exposure were kidneys and spleen as they showed the disruption of trace element homeostasis and organ weight changes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12989-022-00480-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudartip Areecheewakul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Iowa, College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Andrea Adamcakova-Dodd
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
| | - Ezazul Haque
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52246, USA
| | - Xuefang Jing
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - David K Meyerholz
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Patrick T O'Shaughnessy
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Peter S Thorne
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52246, USA.
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Iowa, College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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7
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Inhalation Toxicity of Copper Compounds: Results of 14-day range finding study for copper sulphate pentahydrate and dicopper oxide and 28-day subacute inhalation exposure of dicopper oxide in rats. Toxicology 2022; 474:153221. [PMID: 35659515 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Inhalation exposure to copper may occur during a range of occupational activities and the purpose of this study was to characterise the toxicological response to repeated inhalation of two copper compounds, representative of copper substances in large-scale production/use. Crl:CD(SD) rats were repeatedly exposed to aerosols of dicopper oxide (Cu2O) or copper sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O) for 14-days as part of a range finding study at a normalised copper doses of 0.18, 0.71, 1.78 and 9mg/m3 Cu. Within the 28-days main study (Cu2O only), animals were repeatedly exposed to 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 2.0mg/m3 Cu2O following OECD TG 412. The main study also consisted of satellite groups exposed for 1-, 2- or 3- weeks as well as a 13-week post-exposure recovery period group. Repeated exposure for 14-days to both copper compounds, normalised for copper content, led to an acute influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils) and macrophages whilst only CuSO4.5H2O exposure resulted in epithelial hyperplasia. This differential response may reflect the highly dissolvable nature of CuSO4.5H2O in lung lining fluid leading to a release of copper ions at the epithelial surface whilst Cu2O is relatively indissolvable at neutral pH. In the 28-day study with Cu2O, an increase in cellularity was also evident in both histological and BALF samples and was dose-related with minimal to mild (neutrophilic) inflammation observed > 0.4mg/m3 in the lung tissue sections and significant increases from 0.2mg/m3 in BALF. There were no clinical and minimal haematological findings and systemic organs were unaffected by inhalation exposure to dicopper oxide. The lung cellular response was limited to alveolar histiocytosis and neutrophil influx with no evidence of epithelial hyperplasia or fibrosis and all lung biomarkers returned to control levels within the post-exposure recovery period. Interestingly, the satellite groups showed that this acute cellular response followed a biphasic rather than monotonic pattern with a peak in lung biomarkers between weeks 1-3 and reduction thereafter. This reduction in lung biomarkers occurred during continued exposure and may indicate an adaptive response to copper exposure. Overall, these results show that repeated exposure to copper compounds results in an acute cellular response with no associated pathology and which fully resolved after the cessation of exposure. Therefore, the cellular response is evidence of a controlled and adaptive response associated with the removal of Cu2O from the alveolar surface.
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8
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Tulinska J, Mikusova ML, Liskova A, Busova M, Masanova V, Uhnakova I, Rollerova E, Alacova R, Krivosikova Z, Wsolova L, Dusinska M, Horvathova M, Szabova M, Lukan N, Stuchlikova M, Kuba D, Vecera Z, Coufalik P, Krumal K, Alexa L, Vrlikova L, Buchtova M, Dumkova J, Piler P, Thon V, Mikuska P. Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Stimulate the Immune Response and Decrease Antioxidant Defense in Mice After Six-Week Inhalation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:874253. [PMID: 35547729 PMCID: PMC9082266 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.874253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are increasingly used in various industry sectors. Moreover, medical application of CuO NPs as antimicrobials also contributes to human exposure. Their toxicity, including toxicity to the immune system and blood, raises concerns, while information on their immunotoxicity is still very limited. The aim of our work was to evaluate the effects of CuO NPs (number concentration 1.40×106 particles/cm3, geometric mean diameter 20.4 nm) on immune/inflammatory response and antioxidant defense in mice exposed to 32.5 µg CuO/m3 continuously for 6 weeks. After six weeks of CuO NP inhalation, the content of copper in lungs and liver was significantly increased, while in kidneys, spleen, brain, and blood it was similar in exposed and control mice. Inhalation of CuO NPs caused a significant increase in proliferative response of T-lymphocytes after mitogenic stimulation and basal proliferative activity of splenocytes. CuO NPs significantly induced the production of IL-12p70, Th1-cytokine IFN-γ and Th2-cytokines IL-4, IL-5. Levels of TNF-α and IL-6 remained unchanged. Immune assays showed significantly suppressed phagocytic activity of granulocytes and slightly decreased respiratory burst. No significant differences in phagocytosis of monocytes were recorded. The percentage of CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, and CD3-CD19+ cell subsets in spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes did not differ between exposed and control animals. No changes in hematological parameters were found between the CuO NP exposed and control groups. The overall antioxidant protection status of the organism was expressed by evaluation of GSH and GSSG concentrations in blood samples. The experimental group exposed to CuO NPs showed a significant decrease in GSH concentration in comparison to the control group. In summary, our results indicate that sub-chronic inhalation of CuO NPs can cause undesired modulation of the immune response. Stimulation of adaptive immunity was indicated by activation of proliferation and secretion functions of lymphocytes. CuO NPs elicited pro-activation state of Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes in exposed mice. Innate immunity was affected by impaired phagocytic activity of granulocytes. Reduced glutathione was significantly decreased in mice exposed to CuO NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Tulinska
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Aurelia Liskova
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Milena Busova
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Vlasta Masanova
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Iveta Uhnakova
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Rollerova
- Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Radka Alacova
- Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zora Krivosikova
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ladislava Wsolova
- Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Mira Horvathova
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michaela Szabova
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Norbert Lukan
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Daniel Kuba
- National Transplant Organization, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zbynek Vecera
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Pavel Coufalik
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Kamil Krumal
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Lukas Alexa
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Lucie Vrlikova
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Marcela Buchtova
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jana Dumkova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Pavel Piler
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Vojtech Thon
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Pavel Mikuska
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
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9
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Tulinska J, Mikusova ML, Liskova A, Busova M, Masanova V, Uhnakova I, Rollerova E, Alacova R, Krivosikova Z, Wsolova L, Dusinska M, Horvathova M, Szabova M, Lukan N, Stuchlikova M, Kuba D, Vecera Z, Coufalik P, Krumal K, Alexa L, Vrlikova L, Buchtova M, Dumkova J, Piler P, Thon V, Mikuska P. Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Stimulate the Immune Response and Decrease Antioxidant Defense in Mice After Six-Week Inhalation. Front Immunol 2022. [PMID: 35547729 DOI: 10.3389/2022.874253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are increasingly used in various industry sectors. Moreover, medical application of CuO NPs as antimicrobials also contributes to human exposure. Their toxicity, including toxicity to the immune system and blood, raises concerns, while information on their immunotoxicity is still very limited. The aim of our work was to evaluate the effects of CuO NPs (number concentration 1.40×106 particles/cm3, geometric mean diameter 20.4 nm) on immune/inflammatory response and antioxidant defense in mice exposed to 32.5 µg CuO/m3 continuously for 6 weeks. After six weeks of CuO NP inhalation, the content of copper in lungs and liver was significantly increased, while in kidneys, spleen, brain, and blood it was similar in exposed and control mice. Inhalation of CuO NPs caused a significant increase in proliferative response of T-lymphocytes after mitogenic stimulation and basal proliferative activity of splenocytes. CuO NPs significantly induced the production of IL-12p70, Th1-cytokine IFN-γ and Th2-cytokines IL-4, IL-5. Levels of TNF-α and IL-6 remained unchanged. Immune assays showed significantly suppressed phagocytic activity of granulocytes and slightly decreased respiratory burst. No significant differences in phagocytosis of monocytes were recorded. The percentage of CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, and CD3-CD19+ cell subsets in spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes did not differ between exposed and control animals. No changes in hematological parameters were found between the CuO NP exposed and control groups. The overall antioxidant protection status of the organism was expressed by evaluation of GSH and GSSG concentrations in blood samples. The experimental group exposed to CuO NPs showed a significant decrease in GSH concentration in comparison to the control group. In summary, our results indicate that sub-chronic inhalation of CuO NPs can cause undesired modulation of the immune response. Stimulation of adaptive immunity was indicated by activation of proliferation and secretion functions of lymphocytes. CuO NPs elicited pro-activation state of Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes in exposed mice. Innate immunity was affected by impaired phagocytic activity of granulocytes. Reduced glutathione was significantly decreased in mice exposed to CuO NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Tulinska
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Aurelia Liskova
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Milena Busova
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Vlasta Masanova
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Iveta Uhnakova
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Rollerova
- Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Radka Alacova
- Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zora Krivosikova
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ladislava Wsolova
- Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Mira Horvathova
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michaela Szabova
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Norbert Lukan
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Daniel Kuba
- National Transplant Organization, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zbynek Vecera
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Pavel Coufalik
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Kamil Krumal
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Lukas Alexa
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Lucie Vrlikova
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Marcela Buchtova
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jana Dumkova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Pavel Piler
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Vojtech Thon
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Pavel Mikuska
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
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Pulmonary Exposure to Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Leads to Neurotoxicity via Oxidative Damage and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:1160-1170. [PMID: 33826131 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00358-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) are widely used in pharmaceutical, food, and textile industries. They have been shown to cause lung, liver, and kidney damage. However, whether an intratracheal instillation of CuONPs would affect the brain and its underlying mechanisms remain poorly studied. In this study, healthy C57BL/6J male mice were equally subdivided into control group, low-dose (30 μg/animal), medium-dose (50 μg/animal), and high-dose (100 μg/animal) CuONPs-treated groups. Mice were subjected to acute exposure of CuONPs via intratracheal instillation. Brain histopathology, inflammatory factors, oxidative stress markers, and mitochondrial function-related protein expression were determined. Our results demonstrated that CuONPs caused a dose-dependent brain damage in mice. Histopathological changes in the brain, elevation of inflammatory factors (Tnf, Il-6), and significant alterations in oxidative stress markers were also observed after treatment with CuONPs. Intriguingly, we did not observe infiltration of macrophage cell. Moreover, Tim23, TFAM, and MFN2 protein expression levels showed the decreasing trend after treatment with CuONPs. Taken together, these results indicate that pulmonary exposure to CuONPs induces pathological damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the cerebral cortex, suggesting that neurotoxicity caused by pulmonary exposure of CuONPs needs more attention from the public and relevant departments.
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Gene Expression and Epigenetic Changes in Mice Following Inhalation of Copper(II) Oxide Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10030550. [PMID: 32197515 PMCID: PMC7153614 DOI: 10.3390/nano10030550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the transcriptomic response and epigenetic changes in the lungs of mice exposed to inhalation of copper(II) oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) (8 × 105 NPs/m3) for periods of 3 days, 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 3 months. A whole genome transcriptome and miRNA analysis was performed using next generation sequencing. Global DNA methylation was assessed by ELISA. The inhalation resulted in the deregulation of mRNA transcripts: we detected 170, 590, 534, and 1551 differentially expressed transcripts after 3 days, 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 3 months of inhalation, respectively. Biological processes and pathways affected by inhalation, differed between 3 days exposure (collagen formation) and longer treatments (immune response). Periods of two weeks exposure further induced apoptotic processes, 6 weeks of inhalation affected the cell cycle, and 3 months of treatment impacted the processes related to cell adhesion. The expression of miRNA was not affected by 3 days of inhalation. Prolonged exposure periods modified miRNA levels, although the numbers were relatively low (17, 18, and 38 miRNAs, for periods of 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 3 months, respectively). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways analysis based on miRNA–mRNA interactions, revealed the deregulation of processes implicated in the immune response and carcinogenesis. Global DNA methylation was not significantly affected in any of the exposure periods. In summary, the inhalation of CuO NPs impacted on both mRNA and miRNA expression. A significant transcriptomic response was already observed after 3 days of exposure. The affected biological processes and pathways indicated the negative impacts on the immune system and potential role in carcinogenesis.
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