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Ciezar Andersen S, Campbell T, White D, King-Shier K. An Intervention to Improve Mental and Physical Health of Undergraduate Nursing Students. Can J Nurs Res 2024; 56:317-328. [PMID: 38706094 DOI: 10.1177/08445621241248308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing students experience poorer mental and physical health relative to students in other health-related disciplines and young adults of similar age outside post-secondary school. Compromised mental and physical health has numerous negative impacts on nursing students and can result in burnout and development of chronic diseases. PURPOSE To determine whether an asynchronous online yoga intervention would improve mental and physical health of students. METHODS An asynchronous online 6-week yoga intervention was carried out between January and December 2021, using a pre/post design. Participants' symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, and self-compassion were assessed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale and Self-Compassion Scale and core endurance was assessed using the Mackenzie Core Endurance Test prior to commencement and at the conclusion of the program. RESULTS Of 114 participants, 68 completed the online program and pre and post measures showed that the mean depression, anxiety, stress, self-compassion and core endurance scores improved significantly (p<0.001) between baseline and study completion. CONCLUSION A six-week virtual yoga program significantly improved mental and physical health of undergraduate nursing students. Targeted modifications to the yoga program might enhance participant retention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tavis Campbell
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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2
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Sun C, Li H, Wang X, Shao Y, Huang X, Qi H, Zhang Z, Su G. Self-control as mediator and social support as moderator in stress-relapse dynamics of substance dependency. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19852. [PMID: 39191931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70884-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) present a significant challenge to global public health, with prolonged drug use not only impairing individual health but also hindering social development. Despite various interventions aimed at addressing drug abuse and dependence, a high relapse rate remains a prominent issue. In light of this, this study aims to explore the impact of perceived stress on the relapse of individuals with SUDs, as well as the mediating role of self-control and the moderating role of social support, in hopes of providing new perspectives for interventions to reduce the risk of relapse among individuals with SUDs. By utilizing a convenience sampling method, 420 male individuals with SUDs were recruited from detoxification centers in Guangxi, China. They completed questionnaires on perceived stress, self-control, social support, and tendencies towards relapse. A total of 401 valid datasets were obtained and analyzed using the SPSS Process plugin to conduct a moderated mediation model analysis. Results: (1) Perceived stress had a positive impact on the relapse of individuals with SUDs, (2) Self-control played a partial mediating role between perceived stress and the relapse, (3) The direct effect of perceived stress on the relapse and its first half of the indirect effect were moderated by social support. The research emphasize the critical importance of learning stress management strategies, enhancing self-control, and receiving comprehensive social support in the prevention and treatment of substance dependence. By strengthening self-control and social support as both internal and external resources, the likelihood of relapse among individuals with SUDs can be reduced, contributing to more effective and comprehensive drug rehabilitation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Haojie Li
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- China Wushu School, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Yongcong Shao
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Xuetong Huang
- China Wushu School, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Huanhuan Qi
- China Wushu School, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhuolin Zhang
- China Wushu School, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Guobai Su
- Department of Physical Education, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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Nejadghaderi SA, Mousavi SE, Fazlollahi A, Motlagh Asghari K, Garfin DR. Efficacy of yoga for posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychiatry Res 2024; 340:116098. [PMID: 39191128 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Yoga is an increasingly popular complementary intervention to reduce posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and related comorbidities, but its safety and treatment efficacy are not firmly established. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing randomized control trials (RCTs) of yoga interventions for PTSD and related secondary outcomes (e.g., depression). Initial search results found over 668 potential papers. Twenty met inclusion criteria (e.g., RCTs on adult participants with PTSD that evaluated safety or efficacy outcomes). Meta-analysis indicated that, compared to control interventions, participation in yoga interventions significantly improved self-report PTSD (standardized mean difference [SMD]: -0.51; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: -0.68, -0.35) and immediate (SMD: -0.39; 95 % CI: -0.56, -0.22) and long-term (SMD: -0.44; 95 % CI: -0.74, -0.13) depression symptoms. However, using clinician-reported assessments, yoga interventions were not associated with improved PTSD symptoms. Type of yoga differentially predicted outcomes. Sensitivity analysis showed consistent effect sizes when omitting each study from main analyses. Six studies reported whether any serious adverse events occurred. None were indicated. No publication bias was found, although individual intervention studies tended to be high in bias. Results suggest yoga is likely a safe and effective complementary intervention for reducing PTSD and depressive symptoms in individuals with PTSD. More rigorous RCTs are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Systematic Review and Meta‑analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ehsan Mousavi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Asra Fazlollahi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kimia Motlagh Asghari
- Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dana Rose Garfin
- Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 560 Charles E Young Drive South, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Đorđević D, Garnier J, van Mackelenbergh T, Seitz S, Mundhenke C. The impact of online yoga on sleep and quality of life in women with breast cancer: a randomized trial. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 310:571-575. [PMID: 38814454 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-024-07563-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is growing evidence of the benefit of physical activity and mindfulness in breast cancer patients (HC et al. in BMC Complement Altern Med, 2017). Yoga offers a combination of both. The aim of this study was to establish an online yoga program for breast cancer patients and survivors. As the project was launched during the (COVID) pandemic restrictions, we intended to prove effective online yoga as a way to access supportive therapy independently of sanitary issues and geographic locations in rural regions. METHODS The two main outcomes were quality of life and sleep quality, and both were evaluated by standardized questionnaires (EORTC-QLQ 30 BR 23 and PSQI). Participants (n = 173) had breast cancer or a history of breast cancer and were randomized to either 6 weeks online yoga, twice a week for 45 min or a waiting control group. RESULTS Our results show improved sleep quality in the PSQI score and improved subitems (dyspnea and physical activity) in the EORTC quality of life score. DISCUSSION Online yoga seems to be a valid option in supportive therapy for breast cancer patients, as it improves physical fitness, dyspnea and overall sleep quality. It is also safe and cost effective as a remote intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial registration number and date of registration for prospectively registered trials: DRKS00029548, 07.07.2022.WHO International clinical trials registry platform number: DRKS00029548. The registration number of the ethical committee CAU in Kiel: D 589/20.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Đorđević
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Caritas St. Josef Krankenhaus UKR, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - J Garnier
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum Amberg, Amberg, Germany.
| | - T van Mackelenbergh
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universitätsklinik Schleswig-Holstein Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - S Seitz
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Caritas St. Josef Krankenhaus UKR, Regensburg, Germany
| | - C Mundhenke
- OB/GYN Breast Unit, Medizincampus Oberfranken/ Klinikum Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
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Bilc M, Pollmann N, Buchholz A, Lauche R, Cramer H. Yoga and meditation for menopausal symptoms in breast cancer survivors: a qualitative study exploring participants' experiences. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:413. [PMID: 38842686 PMCID: PMC11156729 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08603-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer survivors commonly experience menopausal symptoms, specifically when undergoing antihormonal therapy. Unfortunately, they often have a restricted range of treatment options available to alleviate menopausal symptoms. The objective of this qualitative study was to explore breast cancer survivors' experiences and effects of a yoga and meditation intervention supplementing previously reported RCT outcomes. METHODS The qualitative data included in this study were part of a larger randomized controlled trial which evaluated the efficacy and safety of a 12-week yoga and meditation intervention on menopausal symptoms in breast cancer survivors. All participants who underwent the yoga intervention (n = 19) were invited to take part in semi-structured interviews after all quantitative data collection had been completed. Interviews (n = 9) were recorded, transcribed, and then coded into superordinate themes using thematic analysis. RESULTS Nine female participants were interviewed, and the following themes emerged: (1) representations and expectations from the yoga intervention; (2) course structure and implementation; (3) perceptions and effects of the intervention (at emotional, physical, behavioral, and spiritual level); (4) differences between the study yoga intervention and other physical activities. CONCLUSIONS In accordance with the accounts of participants, yoga might offer a promising intervention for breast cancer survivors. All those interviewed either currently attended a yoga class or expressed a desire to continue practicing yoga. Additionally, our findings inform future studies regarding aspects such as the importance of extending outcome measures beyond specific cancer-related complains, the advantages of addressing homogenous groups (i.e., breast cancer specific), or considering that different intervention components might need different assistance to encourage long-term use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Bilc
- Institute of General Practice and Interprofessional Care, University Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Robert Bosch Center for Integrative Medicine and Health, Bosch Health Campus, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nina Pollmann
- Institute of General Practice and Interprofessional Care, University Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Robert Bosch Center for Integrative Medicine and Health, Bosch Health Campus, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Analena Buchholz
- Institute of General Practice and Interprofessional Care, University Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Robert Bosch Center for Integrative Medicine and Health, Bosch Health Campus, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Romy Lauche
- National Centre for Naturopathic Medicine, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Holger Cramer
- Institute of General Practice and Interprofessional Care, University Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
- Robert Bosch Center for Integrative Medicine and Health, Bosch Health Campus, Stuttgart, Germany.
- National Centre for Naturopathic Medicine, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia.
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Hagen I, Hagen Ø. The impact of yoga on occupational stress and wellbeing: exploring practitioners' experiences. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1352197. [PMID: 38898894 PMCID: PMC11186537 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1352197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Workplace stress is a serious problem globally. It represents a major threat to the UN's sustainability goal of good health and wellbeing (SDG 3). The purpose of this article is to explore how yoga may be a tool for increased wellbeing and stress management at work and in everyday life. Methods To examine how yoga can facilitate employees' wellbeing and ability to cope with stress, we performed qualitative interviews with practitioners who did yoga regularly. We focused on how yoga was experienced by each of our interviewees and what practicing yoga meant to them. Our data material consists of 13 semi-structured lifeworld interviews. The sample consisted of 10 female and 3 male in the age range of 20-55 years old. The data were analyzed through a thematic analysis. Results The themes identified in the thematic analysis include: (1) yoga as a tool for increased wellbeing, (2) yoga for coping with stress and dealing with challenges, (3) the role of breathing, and (4) contextual factors. While confirming other research findings, this article elaborates on aspects informants described as induced by yoga, like self-awareness, calmness, balance, mood-lifting, focus, presence, self-care, and mastery. The reported positive outcomes of yoga constituted increased wellbeing, and also facilitated the ability to cope with stress and experience less stress. Informants also emphasized that yogic breathing was a central factor in inducing wellbeing and feeling less stressed. They also expressed that contextual factors, such as time, teacher, and location, influenced how practicing yoga was experienced and made sense of. Conclusion The study concludes that the interviewees experienced practicing yoga as positive, by reducing their occupational stress. Moreover, yoga increased their wellbeing, as well as their ability to cope with stress. These experienced changes were especially facilitated by yogic breathing, and influenced by contextual factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingunn Hagen
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Øivind Hagen
- Department of Leadership and Organizational Behavior, BI Norwegian Business School, Trondheim, Norway
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Castellote-Caballero Y, Carcelén-Fraile MDC, Aibar-Almazán A, Rivas-Campo Y, González-Martín AM. Yoga as a therapeutic approach to mental health in university students: a randomized controlled trial. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1406937. [PMID: 38903593 PMCID: PMC11188441 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1406937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study has been to analyze the efficacy of a yoga-based intervention on stress, emotional wellbeing, state anxiety and trait anxiety in university students. Methods This study was a randomized controlled trial. The sample consisted of 129 university students, of which 65 underwent a yoga training for 12 weeks and a control group that did not carry out any type of intervention. The primary outcome was stress, which was collected through The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The secondary outcomes were emotional wellbeing which was measured through the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS), and anxiety through State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). All variables were measured before and after the intervention. Results Participants in the experimental group showed statistically significant improvements in the primary outcome perceived stress (Cohen's d = 0.44) and the secondary outcomes emotional wellbeing (Cohen's d = 0.47), and both state anxiety (Cohen's d = 0.38) and trait anxiety (Cohen's d = 0.80) compared to the control group that did not carry out any type of physical training. Conclusion This study demonstrated that a 12-week yoga intervention can significantly reduce perceived stress and anxiety, and improve emotional wellbeing in university students. Initially, the experimental group (EG) reported higher levels of stress and anxiety than the control group (CG), but after the intervention, the EG experienced significant improvements compared to the CG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Castellote-Caballero
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Atlántico Medio, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - María del Carmen Carcelén-Fraile
- Department of Education and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Atlántico Medio, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Agustín Aibar-Almazán
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Atlántico Medio, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Yulieth Rivas-Campo
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, University of San Buenaventura-Cali, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | - Ana María González-Martín
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Atlántico Medio, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Department of Psychology, Higher Education Center for Teaching and Educational Research, Madrid, Spain
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Milbury K, Rosenthal DI, Li Y, Ngo-Huang AT, Mallaiah S, Yousuf S, Fuller CD, Lewis C, Bruera E, Cohen L. Dyadic Yoga for Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemoradiation and their Family Caregivers. J Pain Symptom Manage 2024; 67:490-500. [PMID: 38447621 PMCID: PMC11349719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2024.02.565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Concurrent chemoradiation to treat head and neck cancer (HNC) may result in debilitating toxicities. Targeted exercise such as yoga therapy may buffer against treatment-related sequelae; thus, this pilot RCT examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a yoga intervention. Because family caregivers report low caregiving efficacy and elevated levels of distress, we included them in this trial as active study participants. METHODS HNC patients and their caregivers were randomized to a 15-session dyadic yoga program or a waitlist control (WLC) group. Prior to randomization, patients completed standard symptom (MDASI-HN) and patients and caregivers completed quality of life (SF-36) assessments. The 15-session program was delivered parallel to patients' treatment schedules. Participants were re-assessed at patients' last day of chemoradiation and again 30 days later. Patients' emergency department visits, unplanned hospital admissions and gastric feeding tube placements were recorded over the treatment course and up to 30 days later. RESULTS With a consent rate of 76%, 37 dyads were randomized. Participants in the yoga group completed a mean of 12.5 sessions and rated the program as "beneficial." Patients in the yoga group had clinically significantly less symptom interference and HNC symptom severity and better QOL than those in the WLC group. They were also less likely to have a hospital admission (OR = 3.00), emergency department visit (OR = 2.14), and/or a feeding tube placement (OR = 1.78). CONCLUSION Yoga therapy appears to be a feasible, acceptable, and possibly efficacious behavioral supportive care strategy for HNC patients undergoing chemoradiation. A larger efficacy trial is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Milbury
- Department of Behavioral Science (K.M., S.Y.), 1155 Pressler St., Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - David I Rosenthal
- Department of Radiation Oncology (D.I.R., C.D.F.), 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yisheng Li
- Department of Biostatistics (Y.L.), 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - An Thuy Ngo-Huang
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation & Integrative Medicine (A.T.N.-H., S.M., E.B.,L.C.), 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Smitha Mallaiah
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation & Integrative Medicine (A.T.N.-H., S.M., E.B.,L.C.), 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Sania Yousuf
- Department of Behavioral Science (K.M., S.Y.), 1155 Pressler St., Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Clifton D Fuller
- Department of Radiation Oncology (D.I.R., C.D.F.), 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Carol Lewis
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery (C.L.), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Eduardo Bruera
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation & Integrative Medicine (A.T.N.-H., S.M., E.B.,L.C.), 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Lorenzo Cohen
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation & Integrative Medicine (A.T.N.-H., S.M., E.B.,L.C.), 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Mandlik GV, Siopis G, Nguyen B, Ding D, Edwards KM. Effect of a single session of yoga and meditation on stress reactivity: A systematic review. Stress Health 2024; 40:e3324. [PMID: 37822096 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review synthesises the evidence for the effectiveness of a single session of yoga or its components including meditation and breathing techniques in reducing acute stress reactivity in healthy adults. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we searched Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, CINAHL, and PsycINFO on 30th July 2023 for randomised controlled or crossover trials of yoga components and reporting physiological and/or psychological outcome measure(s) related to stress reactivity. Risk of bias (ROB) was assessed using the Cochrane ROB 2 tool. Data were synthesised narratively. Twenty-one out of 28 eligible studies (n = 2574) relating to 31 interventions (meditation [n = 22], breathing [n = 4] and yoga [n = 5]) reported outcomes in favour of the intervention. Stress reactivity was reported to be reduced by 71% of studies measuring physiological outcomes and 65% of studies measuring psychological outcomes. These studies show that a single session of yoga components is effective in reducing acute stress reactivity in adults and could be recommended for stress management. Future studies with larger populations and a more equal representation of genders and age groups are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gandhar V Mandlik
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - George Siopis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Binh Nguyen
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ding Ding
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kate M Edwards
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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Brandão T, Martins I, Torres A, Remondes-Costa S. Effect of online Kundalini Yoga mental health of university students during Covid-19 pandemic: A randomized controlled trial. J Health Psychol 2024; 29:567-580. [PMID: 38230561 PMCID: PMC11075415 DOI: 10.1177/13591053231220710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
University students were at an increased risk for psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a randomized controlled trial, we examined the efficacy of an online Kundalini Yoga intervention on students' psychological functioning. Healthy university students (N = 106) were randomly assigned to a Kundalini Yoga group, an active control group, or a passive control group in a 1:1:1 ratio. The experimental group attended six Yoga sessions over 6 weeks and the active control group attended to six autogenic relaxation sessions over 6 weeks. All participants completed the study protocol, which involved answering questionnaires related to psychological distress, emotion regulation, self-compassion, self-concept, spiritual well-being, and subjective happiness at three different time points: baseline, at the end of the intervention, and at 1-month follow-up. Results showed that Yoga contributed to improving self-compassion, extrinsic affect improving, and personal and communal spiritual well-being, in comparison to the control groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Brandão
- William James Center for Research Ispa—Instituto Universitário, Portugal
| | - Inês Martins
- Departamento de Educação e Psicologia, Escola de Ciências Humanas e Socias, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
| | - Ana Torres
- Department of Psychology and Education, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Portugal
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research of the Health Research Network (CINTESIS@RISE), Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia Remondes-Costa
- Departamento de Educação e Psicologia, Escola de Ciências Humanas e Socias, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
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Fogawat K, Keswani J, Sharma H, Tewani GR, Kodali PB, Nair PMK. Randomized controlled trial investigating the role of yoga at workplace in improving fatigue, burnout, pain, strength, and quality of life among blue-collar workers. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2024; 13:152. [PMID: 38784274 PMCID: PMC11114575 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_541_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the physical demands of work, blue-collar workers (BCW) frequently experience fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, and burnout. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility and utility of introducing yoga-based loosening exercises (YLE) at the workplace for improving fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, and burnout among BCW. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and twenty-eight BCW were randomized into a yoga group that received 40 minutes of supervised YLE daily, 5 days a week, for 1 month, followed by 1 month of unsupervised practice at home or a waitlisted control group. The Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFS), Visual Analog Scale for pain, Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI), sit-and-reach test (SRT), handgrip strength dynamometer, and the Short Form-8 (SF-8) questionnaire were measured at baseline, at the end of the first month, and at follow-up after the first month. RESULTS All the participants adhered well to the YLE (≈86% at the workplace, ≈70% at home). Compared to the controls, the yoga group reported significant reductions in fatigue, pain, and burnout and significant improvements in flexibility, strength, and quality of life (P < 0.001) at all the time points. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that workplace yoga programs for BCW are feasible and can considerably reduce fatigue, pain, and burnout and improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Fogawat
- Department of Yoga, Sant Hirdaram Medical College of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences for Women, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Jyoti Keswani
- Department of Yoga, Sant Hirdaram Medical College of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences for Women, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Hemanshu Sharma
- Sant Hirdaram Medical College of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences for women, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Gulab R. Tewani
- Chief Medical Officer, Sant Hirdaram Yoga and Nature Cure Hospital, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Prakash B. Kodali
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, India
| | - Pradeep M. K. Nair
- Department of Research, Sant Hirdaram Medical College of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences for Women, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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12
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Bablis P, Day RR, Bablis S, Pollard H. Treatment of Hypothyroidism and Stress Using Neuro-Emotional Technique (NET): A Case Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e58231. [PMID: 38745794 PMCID: PMC11092426 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypothyroidism is generally considered an autoimmune condition, and typical medical management involves taking levothyroxine (synthetic thyroid hormone) for life. This case report details the results of a mind-body intervention (MBI) called the Neuro-Emotional Technique (NET) used to treat a 28-year-old Caucasian female presenting with symptoms and bloodwork markers associated with two years of hypothyroidism and a long history of stress. The patient's medical doctor provided a diagnosis of hypothyroidism after blood tests showed that thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were high at 6.87 mIU/L (where the acceptable range is 0.40-3.50 mIU/L) and free T4 (FT4) levels were low at 8.6 pmol/L (where the acceptable range is 9.0-19.0 pmol/L). Psychometric tests were completed at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment to evaluate changes in mental health and emotional well-being. The Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (ACE-Q) revealed a high degree of childhood trauma that may have predisposed to the underlying autoimmune thyroid dysfunction. At the conclusion of the treatment period, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free T4 were within normal ranges and psychometric indicators normalized. We hypothesize that these changes may be due to the stress-reducing mechanism of NET and outline possible mechanisms via the Psycho-Immune-Neuroendocrine (PINE) network. The PINE network model asserts that chronic stress acts as a potential driver of pathophysiology that can lead to one or more medical and mental health conditions. While further studies with larger sample sizes are required to establish whether these results could be extrapolated to a wider population, the results of this case suggest that it may be pertinent to consider co-management of subclinical hypothyroidism with a relatively quick and cost-effective MBI such as NET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bablis
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, University Research Institute, Athens, GRC
- Department of Integrative and Complementary Medicine, Universal Health, Sydney, AUS
| | - Ryan R Day
- Department of Chiropractic, Universal Health, Sydney, AUS
| | - Sophia Bablis
- Department of Psychology, Universal Health, Sydney, AUS
| | - Henry Pollard
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, ZAF
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Loewenthal J, Berning MJ, Wayne PM, Eckstrom E, Orkaby AR. Holistic frailty prevention: The promise of movement-based mind-body therapies. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e13986. [PMID: 37698149 PMCID: PMC10776124 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by fundamental cellular and molecular hallmarks that result in physiologic decline of most body systems. This may culminate in frailty, a state of decreased reserve. Because frailty is a state of multisystem dysregulation, multimodal interventions may be necessary to mitigate and prevent progression rather than interventions targeting a single system. Movement-based mind-body therapies, such as tai chi and yoga, are promising multimodal strategies for frailty prevention and treatment given their inherent multicomponent nature. In this review, we summarize the links between hallmarks of aging and frailty and how tai chi and yoga may impact these hallmarks. We review trial evidence for the impact of tai chi and yoga on frailty in older populations and discuss opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Loewenthal
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Peter M. Wayne
- Division of Preventive MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Elizabeth Eckstrom
- Division of General Internal Medicine & GeriatricsOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Ariela R. Orkaby
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- New England Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC)VA Boston Healthcare SystemBostonMassachusettsUSA
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14
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Gandolfi MG, Zamparini F, Spinelli A, Prati C. Āsana for Back, Hips and Legs to Prevent Musculoskeletal Disorders among Dental Professionals: In-Office Yóga Protocol. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2023; 9:6. [PMID: 38249083 PMCID: PMC10801568 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk9010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Dental professionals are exposed to significant unavoidable physical stress, and theoretical ergonomic recommendations for a sitting workplace are inapplicable in many dental activities. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) represent a serious health problem among dental professionals (prevalence: 64-93%), showing involvement of 34-60% for the low back and 15-25% for the hips. Muscle stress; prolonged sitting; forward bending and twisting of the torso and head; unbalanced working postures with asymmetrical weight on the hips and uneven shoulders; and others are inevitable for dental professionals. Therefore, the approach for the prevention and treatment of WMSDs must be therapeutic and compensatory. This project was conceived to provide a Yoga protocol for dental professionals to prevent or treat WMSDs from a preventive medicine perspective, and it would represent a Yoga-based guideline for the self-cure and prevention of musculoskeletal problems. METHODS Specific Yoga positions (āsana, such as Virāsana, Virabhadrāsana, Garudāsana, Utkatāsana, Trikonāsana, Anuvittāsana, Chakrāsana, Uttanāsana, Pashimottanāsana) have been selected, elaborated on and adapted to be practiced in a dental office using a dental stool or the dental office walls or a dental unit chair. The protocol is specifically devised for dental professionals (dentists, dental hygienists and dental assistants) and targeted for the low back, hips and legs (including knees and ankles). The protocol includes Visranta Karaka Sthiti (supported positions) in sitting (Upavistha Sthiti) and standing (Utthistha Sthiti) positions, twisting/torsions (Parivrtta), flexions/forward bend positions (Pashima) and extensions/arching (Purva) for musculo-articular system decompression and mobilization. RESULTS Over 60 Yogāsana-specifically ideated for back detensioning and mobilization, lumbar lordosis restoration, trunk side elongation, hip release and leg stretches and decontraction-are shown and described. The paper provides a meticulous description for each position, including the detailed movement, recommendations and mistakes to avoid, and the breathing pattern (breath control) in all the breath-driven movements (āsana in vinyāsa). An exhaustive analysis of posture-related disorders affecting the lower body among dental professionals is reported, including low-back pain, hip pain and disorders, piriformis syndrome and quadratus femoris dysfunction (gluteal pain), iliopsoas syndrome, multifidus disorders, femoroacetabular and ischiofemoral impingement, spinopelvic mobility, lumbopelvic rhythm, impairment syndromes, lower crossed syndrome, leg pain, knee pain and ankle disorders. CONCLUSIONS A detailed guideline of āsana for low-back decompression, hip joint destress, piriformis and gluteal muscle release, lumbar lordosis recovery and a spinopelvic mobility increase has been elaborated on. The designed Yogāsana protocol represents a powerful tool for dental professionals to provide relief to retracted stiff muscles and unbalanced musculoskeletal structures in the lower body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Gandolfi
- Program in Ergonomics, Posturology and Yoga Therapy for the Degree in Dentistry and for the Degree in Dental Hygiene, School of Medicine, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
- Program in Yoga Therapy for the Specialization Course in Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
- Dental School, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy (A.S.); (C.P.)
| | - Fausto Zamparini
- Dental School, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy (A.S.); (C.P.)
| | - Andrea Spinelli
- Dental School, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy (A.S.); (C.P.)
| | - Carlo Prati
- Dental School, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy (A.S.); (C.P.)
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15
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Acar Y, Ilçin N, Sarı İ. The Effects of Tele-Yoga in Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2023; 29:727-737. [PMID: 37257184 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2023.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This randomized controlled trial aimed at investigating the effects of tele-yoga on physical function, disease activity, spinal mobility, flexibility, muscular endurance, exercise capacity, balance, sleep quality, stress, depression, anxiety, quality of life (QoL), and mindfulness in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods: Sixty patients with AS were randomly assigned to the tele-yoga group (TYG) or wait-list control group (CG). In addition to their medical treatments, TYG participants attended online yoga classes three times per week for 8 weeks. The CG continued their standard medical treatment. Data were collected at baseline and after 8 weeks. The primary outcome measure was physical function as assessed by the Bath AS Functional Index (BASFI). Secondary outcome measures included the Bath AS Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath AS Patient Global Score (BAS-G), Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society Health Index (ASAS HI), Bath AS Metrology Index (BASMI), sit-and-reach test, sit-up test, push-up test, incremental shuttle walk test, Balance Master test, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Results: Compared with the CG (n = 27), participants in the TYG (n = 28) demonstrated significant improvements in BASFI (p = 0.001). The TYG also showed significant improvements in disease activity, spinal mobility, flexibility, muscular endurance, balance, sleep quality, stress, depression, and QoL compared with the CG (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Tele-yoga practice appears to be a safe and promising intervention for patients with AS and should be considered as a part of holistic disease management because of its potential physical and psychological benefits. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT04803383.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Acar
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Nursen Ilçin
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Physiotherapy Department, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - İsmail Sarı
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
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16
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Phansikar M, Gothe N, Hernandez R, Lara-Cinisomo S, Mullen SP. Feasibility and impact of a remote moderate-intensity yoga intervention on stress and executive functioning in working adults: a randomized controlled trial. J Behav Med 2023; 46:720-731. [PMID: 36754937 PMCID: PMC9908305 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-022-00385-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of a moderate-intensity yoga intervention, delivered remotely via supervised and unsupervised sessions, and its psychosocial and cognitive effects have not been thoroughly investigated. This randomized controlled trial assessed feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an 8-week moderate-intensity yoga intervention (3×/week, 50 min) delivered remotely (vs. a waitlist control arm), on stress and cognitive functioning. Participants (n = 86) were low active, full-time working adults (81.40% female; Mage = 41 years) with symptoms of stress. Feasibility was assessed via adherence, enjoyment, and safety; stress and anxiety via self-report questionnaires; and executive functioning via neuropsychological tests. Overall attendance was 75.1%, 100% of participants enjoyed the intervention, and only one adverse event was reported. At follow-up, the yoga group had significantly lower stress and anxiety, and higher accuracy on working memory tasks. Remote moderate intensity yoga practice proved safe, enjoyable, and may reduce stress and improve cognitive functioning. This study was pre-registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04740229).
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhura Phansikar
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
| | - Neha Gothe
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
| | - Rosalba Hernandez
- School of Social Work, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
| | - Sandraluz Lara-Cinisomo
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
| | - Sean P. Mullen
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
- Center for Social & Behavioral Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
- Informatics Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
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R P, Kumar AP, Dhamodhini K S, Venugopal V, Silambanan S, K M, Shah P. Role of yoga in stress management and implications in major depression disorder. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2023; 14:100767. [PMID: 37741161 PMCID: PMC10520539 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is one of the leading causes of disability affecting more than 340 million people and second largest contributor to global burden of disease. Chronic stress is a common risk factor and important contributor for MDD. Stress could be defined as the "perceived inability to cope". Stressful life events are shown to provoke a sequence of psychological and physiological adjustments including nervous, endocrine and immune mechanisms. Stress can lead to elevation of a variety of inflammatory cytokines and stress hormones, can cause autonomic dysfunction and imbalance in neurotransmitters. Yoga can reduce depressive symptoms by alleviating stress. Studies have shown that yoga can reduce inflammation, maintain autonomic balance and also has a role in maintaining the neurotransmitters. It has role on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the peripheral nervous system including GABA, limbic system activity, inflammatory and endocrine responses. Yoga along with antidepressants can help in reducing the depressive symptoms in patient with MDD. Yoga is an ideal complementary and alternative therapy for mental health disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmavathi R
- Department of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Archana P Kumar
- Department of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Medical Education Unit, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Dhamodhini K S
- Department of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Venugopal
- Department of Yoga, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Santhi Silambanan
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Maheshkumar K
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Pankaj Shah
- Department of Community Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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18
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Cartwright T, Doronda T. 'It stretches your body but makes you feel good too': A qualitative study exploring young people's perceptions and experiences of yoga. J Health Psychol 2023; 28:789-803. [PMID: 36633013 PMCID: PMC10387721 DOI: 10.1177/13591053221146840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Whilst research suggests that yoga can positively impact physical and psychological wellbeing, understanding of youth's experiences is limited with no non-clinical studies in the UK. Ten focus groups explored perceptions and experiences of yoga among 35 youth (10-18 years). Inductive thematic analysis revealed that yoga was viewed as a holistic mind-body practice cultivating greater awareness and enhanced physical performance. Youth described yoga as providing tools that developed confidence, stress-management and emotional self-regulation. Social and relational impacts of yoga were highly valued. Despite the perceived biopsychosocial benefits of yoga, gendered and media representations of yoga may serve as a barrier to uptake.
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Sohl SJ, Strahley AE, Tooze JA, Levine B, Kelly MG, Wheeler A, Evans S, Danhauer SC. Qualitative results from a randomized pilot study of eHealth Mindful Movement and Breathing to improve gynecologic cancer surgery outcomes. J Psychosoc Oncol 2023; 42:223-241. [PMID: 37462260 PMCID: PMC10794552 DOI: 10.1080/07347332.2023.2236083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Improved management of pain and co-morbid symptoms (sleep disturbances, psychological distress) among women undergoing surgery for suspected gynecologic malignancies may reach a population vulnerable to chronic pain. PARTICIPANTS Women undergoing surgery for a suspected gynecologic malignancy. METHOD We conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial of eHealth Mindful Movement and Breathing (eMMB) compared to an empathic attention control (AC). Semi-structured interviews were conducted by telephone (n = 23), recorded, transcribed, coded, and analyzed using thematic analysis. FINDINGS Participants reported overall high acceptability such that all would recommend the study to others. Positive impacts of practicing eMMB included that it relieved tension, facilitated falling asleep, and decreased pain. Participants also reported high adherence to self-directed eMMB and AC writing practices and described facilitators and barriers to practicing. CONCLUSIONS This qualitative feedback will inform future research to assess the efficacy of eMMB for reducing pain and use of remotely-delivered interventions more broadly. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03681405.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie J. Sohl
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Ashley E. Strahley
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Janet A. Tooze
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Beverly Levine
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Michael G. Kelly
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Amy Wheeler
- Kinesiology Department, California State University, San Bernardino, 5500 University Pkwy, San Bernardino, CA 92407
| | - Sue Evans
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Suzanne C. Danhauer
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
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20
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Nilkantham S, Majumdar V, Singh A. Scientific yoga module for hypothyroidism: A study protocol for tele-yoga RCT. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2023; 33:101157. [PMID: 37342177 PMCID: PMC10277449 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2023.101157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Management of thyroid dysfunction has a direct effect on the quality of life and studies have recognized that hypothyroidism has become a public health challenge. Although conventional medicine is widely used, its long-term side effects are elucidated. This study aims to conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) through tele-mode to assess the effectiveness of the newly developed and validated "Scientific Yoga Module" as a telehealth concept for improving the quality of life in patients with hypothyroidism along with management of other symptoms as compared to the standard of care. Method This is a single-blinded, two-arm, parallel-group RCT in which at least a total of 120 primary hypothyroid subjects both male and female between the age group 18 to 60 will be recruited from the database of Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA). Participants will be randomly divided into a yoga intervention group (n = 60) and a waitlist control group (n = 60) as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. A tele-yoga intervention for six months will be administered and pre-interim-post data will be recorded for both groups. This protocol is designed to study the effect of Scientific Yoga Module intervention on primary assessments of SF-36 scale [health-related quality of life (HRQOL) that includes physical, mental, emotional, and social states] along with secondary assessments on the biochemical test of thyroid profile-{Triiodothyronine (T3), Thyroxine (T4), Thyroid Stimulating Hormones (TSH)}, Body Mass Index (BMI), Blood Pressure (BP), Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Gita Inventory of personality scale (GIP). Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this tele-yoga RCT for hypothyroidism will be the first clinical trial to analyze the effectiveness of a "Scientific Yoga Module" imparted through tele-mode.
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Hagen I, Skjelstad S, Nayar US. Promoting mental health and wellbeing in schools: the impact of yoga on young people's relaxation and stress levels. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1083028. [PMID: 37265958 PMCID: PMC10229855 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1083028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine students' experiences with yoga interventions in school. The findings revealed that practicing yoga made young people more aware of their need to relax and positively impacted their mental health and wellbeing. We explored the emphasis on relaxation among our study participants and how relaxation is related to other aspects, such as their experience of stress and sleep habits. This article is based on qualitative data gathered from teenagers in Norway who participated in the Norwegian part of the European research project "Hippocampus: Promoting Mental Health and Wellbeing among Young People through Yoga." The project introduced yoga to young people in schools with an emphasis on those who were disadvantaged, including those with mental health issues and other challenges related to their background. Data were collected from nine individual, semi-structured interviews and 133 logs collected in the spring of 2019. The major themes identified through the interviews and log material included becoming more relaxed and aware of the need to unwind. Thus, the focus on relaxation is based on the importance of the participants assigned to this theme. The study results suggest that yoga enhanced the students' awareness and skills and empowered them to make healthier lifestyle choices. We viewed the importance of relaxation from a salutogenic perspective, focusing on the factors that contribute to good health in contrast to a pathogenic perspective, where curing diseases is the goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingunn Hagen
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Solbjørg Skjelstad
- Stabilisati Counseling Service, Psychological Counseling, Yoga and Meditation Guidance, Levanger, Norway
| | - Usha Sidana Nayar
- Department of Psychology, Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS), Mumbai, India
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22
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Michaelsen MM, Graser J, Onescheit M, Tuma MP, Werdecker L, Pieper D, Esch T. Mindfulness-Based and Mindfulness-Informed Interventions at the Workplace: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis of RCTs. Mindfulness (N Y) 2023; 14:1-34. [PMID: 37362186 PMCID: PMC10172073 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-023-02130-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Positive effects of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on occupational health have been demonstrated by several systematic review studies during the last two decades. So far, existing reviews excluded mindfulness-informed interventions (MIIs) that build on informal approaches or mixed techniques aiming at improving mindfulness indirectly. To address this research gap, the present comprehensive meta-analysis synthesizes the results of RCTs of MBIs and MIIs conducted in various workplace settings. Method A systematic literature search was conducted in five electronic databases complemented by manual search. Random-effects models were used to synthesize standardized mean differences (SMDs) for 25 outcomes and seven overarching categories of outcomes, and to detect various temporal effects. Meta-regressions were run to elucidate average SMDs between mindfulness intervention types and intervention and population characteristics, with the goal of detecting sources of heterogeneity and help guide the selection of the most appropriate mindfulness intervention type. Results Based on 91 eligible studies (from 92 publications), including 4927 participants and 4448 controls, the synthesis shows that MBIs and MIIs significantly improve mindfulness (SMD = 0.43; 95%-CI [0.33;0.52]), well-being (SMD = 0.63; 95%-CI [0.34;0.93]), mental health (SMD = 0.67; 95%-CI [0.48;0.86]), stress (SMD = 0.72; 95%-CI [0.54;0.90]), resilience (SMD = 1.06; 95%-CI [-0.22;2.34]), physical health (SMD = 0.45; 95%-CI [0.32;0.59]), and work-related factors (SMD = 0.62; 95%-CI [0.14;1.10]). Sensitivity analyses demonstrate a tendency towards smaller effect sizes due to extreme outliers. Effect sizes are stable in short-term follow-up assessments (1-12 weeks) for most outcomes, but not for long-term follow-up assessments (13-52 weeks). Meta-regressions suggest that observable intervention characteristics (e.g., online delivery) and population characteristics (e.g., age of participants), as well as study quality, do not explain the prevalence of heterogeneity in effect sizes. Conclusions Generally effective, mindfulness interventions are a useful tool to enhance aspects of employee health. However, because of heterogeneity and risk of bias, studies aiming at high-quality data collection and thorough reporting are necessary to draw firm conclusions. Preregistration A protocol of this systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (Registration-No. CRD42020159927). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12671-023-02130-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren M. Michaelsen
- Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Johannes Graser
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Miriam Onescheit
- Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Matthias P. Tuma
- Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Lena Werdecker
- Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Dawid Pieper
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School (Theodor Fontane), Institute for Health Services and Health System Research, Rüdersdorf, Germany
- Center for Health Services Research, Brandenburg Medical School (Theodor Fontane), Rüdersdorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Esch
- Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
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Uebelacker LA, Wolff JC, Guo J, Conte K, Tremont G, Kraines M, O'Keeffe B, Fristad MA, Yen S. Assessing feasibility and acceptability of yoga and group CBT for adolescents with depression: A pilot randomized clinical trial. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023; 28:525-540. [PMID: 35608457 DOI: 10.1177/13591045221092885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Given increasing rates of depression in adolescents, there is a clear need for innovative treatments. In this pilot randomized clinical trial, we assessed acceptability and feasibility of two group-based interventions: yoga and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). The goal of this work is to prepare for a future fully powered randomized trial to test the hypothesis that yoga is not inferior to an established adolescent depression treatment, namely, group CBT. METHODS We enrolled 42 adolescents with elevated depression symptoms. Participants were randomly assigned to a 12-week group-based intervention, yoga or CBT. We had a priori feasibility and acceptability targets, including for recruitment rate, retention rate, expectancy, credibility, program satisfaction, class attendance, engagement in home practice, and instructor/leader manual adherence. We assessed adverse events, and within-subject changes in outcomes (depression, anxiety, impairment, sleep disturbance) and possible mediators (mindfulness, self-compassion). RESULTS Both interventions met most acceptability and feasibility targets. The only target not met related to low engagement in home practice. Participants within each study arm showed decreased depression symptoms over time and increased self-compassion. CONCLUSIONS A yoga intervention appears to be acceptable and feasible to adolescents with depression. However, it may be challenging for this group to engage in unstructured home practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Uebelacker
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jennifer C Wolff
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jenny Guo
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Geoffrey Tremont
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Morganne Kraines
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Mary A Fristad
- Nationwide Children's Hospital/The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shirley Yen
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Massachusetts Mental Health Center at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Gandolfi MG, Zamparini F, Spinelli A, Prati C. Āsana for Neck, Shoulders, and Wrists to Prevent Musculoskeletal Disorders among Dental Professionals: In-Office Yóga Protocol. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2023; 8:jfmk8010026. [PMID: 36810510 PMCID: PMC9953400 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk8010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive literature reports an increase in physical disorders (pain, pathologies, dysfunctions) and mental malaise/uneasiness (stress, burnout) affecting dental professionals in relation to fast and pressing rhythms of work, long working hours, increasingly demanding patients, ever-evolving technologies, etc. This project has been conceived to bring the science of yoga around the world to dental professionals as a preventive (occupational) medicine and to provide knowledge and means for self-care. Yoga is a concentrative self-discipline of the mind, senses, and physical body, that requires regular daily exercise (or meditation), attention, intention, and disciplined action. M&M: The study aimed to design a Yoga protocol specifically devised for dental professionals (dentists, dental hygienists, and dental assistants) including positions (āsana) to be practiced/used in the dental office. The protocol is targeted for the upper body, namely neck, upper back, chest, shoulder girdle, and wrists, being areas greatly affected by work-related musculoskeletal disorders. This paper represents a yoga-based guideline for the self-cure of musculoskeletal disorders among dental professionals. Results: The protocol includes both sitting (Upavistha position) and standing (Utthana or Sama position) āsana, with twisting (Parivrtta), side bending (Parsva), flexion and forward bending (Pashima), and extension and arching (Purva) āsana to mobilize and decompress, and to provide nourishment and oxygen to the musculo-articular system. The paper delivers different concepts and theories developed and deepened by the authors and introduces and spreads yoga as a medical science among dental professionals for the prevention and treatment of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. We articulate notions ranging from stretching out using the vinyāsa method (breath-driven movement) and inward-focused attention to contemplative/concentrative science, interoceptive attention, self-awareness, the mind-body connection, and receptive attitude. The theory of "muscles are bone ties" is coined and delivered with regard to tensegrity musculoskeletal fascial structures connecting, pulling together, and nearing the bone segments where they are anchored. The paper describes over 60 āsana envisaged to be performed on dental stools or using the walls of a dental office or a dental unit chair. A detailed guideline on the work-related disorders that can find relief with the protocol is provided, including the description of breath control for the practice of āsana in vinyāsa. The foundations of the technique reside in the IyengarYoga method and ParināmaYoga method. Conclusions: This paper represents a guideline for self-cure in the prevention or treatment of musculoskeletal disorders affecting dental professionals. Yoga is a powerful concentrative self-discipline able to provide physical and mental well-being, representing great help and support in daily life and business for dental professionals. Yógāsana restores retracted and stiff muscles, giving relief to the strained and tired limbs of dental professionals. Yoga is not intended for flexible or physically performing persons but for people who decide to take care of themselves. The practice of specific āsana represents a powerful tool for the prevention or treatment of MSDs related to poor posture, forward head, chronic neck tension (and related headache), depressed chest, compressive disorders on wrists and shoulders as carpal tunnel, impingement syndromes, outlet syndrome, subacromial pain syndrome and spinal disc pathologies. Yoga, as an integrative science in medicine and public health, represents a powerful tool for the prevention and treatment of occupational musculoskeletal disorders and an extraordinary path for the self-care of dental professionals, sitting job workers, and healthcare providers suffering from occupational biomechanical stresses and awkward postures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Gandolfi
- Ergonomics, Posturology and Yóga Therapy Program, Degree in Dentistry and Degree Course in Dental Hygiene, School of Medicine, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
- Yóga Therapy Program, Specialization in Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Dental School, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Fausto Zamparini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Dental School, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Spinelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Dental School, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo Prati
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Dental School, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
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Stec K, Kruszewski M, Ciechanowski L. Effects of Suryanamaskar, an Intensive Yoga Exercise Routine, on the Stress Levels and Emotional Intelligence of Indian Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2845. [PMID: 36833539 PMCID: PMC9956984 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The inability of an individual to identify, assess, and manage emotions and levels of stress has adverse individual and societal consequences. Previous studies have shown that yoga-based interventions can successfully treat stress, anxiety, and depression, and can enhance emotional control. The aim of the current study was to assess the effect of a specific, intensive, yoga-based intervention, Dynamic Suryanamaskar, on the levels of perceived stress and emotional intelligence in Indian male school students. One hundred and five students with a median age of 17.15 ± 1.42 years were assessed. Practice took place over 12 weeks (n = 70 workouts). The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) questionnaire and the emotional intelligence (EQ) questionnaire, developed for the Indian population, were used to measure stress and emotional levels at the start and end of the study. The Solomon four-group design was used to ensure statistical reliability. The post-study univariate analysis of covariance ANOVA between groups (p < 0.001) and the t-test for independent samples (p < 0.05) indicated that, for those using the Dynamic Suryanamaskar protocol, there was a significant reduction in stress levels and a significant (p < 0.01) increase in the levels of emotional intelligence. This study thus provides further evidence of the benefits of the practice of Dynamic Suryanamaskar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Stec
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Czestochowa, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Marek Kruszewski
- Physical Education Department, Jozef Piłsudski University of Physical Education, 00-968 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Leon Ciechanowski
- Department of Management, Kozminski University, 03-301 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland
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Singh J, Metri K, Tekur P, Mohanty S, Singh A, Raghuram N. Tele-yoga in the management of ankylosing spondylitis amidst COVID pandemic: A prospective randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2023; 50:101672. [PMID: 36395635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) signficantly affect day to day activities contributing to signficant disability. Patients with AS often report to have psychological problems and poor quality of life (QoL). This study investigates the effect of a three-month tele-yogic intervention on disease activity, functional index, inflammatory markers, quality of life and mental health measures in patients with AS. METHODS One hundred and twenty AS patients were assigned to either the yoga intervention group (YG) or the control group (CG). The YG (n = 57) received a 60-min structured yoga module online for 3 months in addition to standard medical care. The CG participants (n = 52) received only standard care during the same period. Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), Ankylosing Spondylitis-Quality of Life (ASQOL) and psychological and inflammatory biomarkers were assessed at baseline and after three months. RESULTS YG showed significant improvement in BASDAI (p = 0.001), anxiety (p = 0.0004), and depression (p = 0.001) at three months compared to baseline. The CG showed no significant change in similar outcome measures. At three months, the intervention resulted in a significant improvement in BASDI (-0.79; 95% CI (-1.3, to -0.29); p = 0.0021), BASFI (-0.86, 95% CI (-1.59, to -0.14); p = 0.0193), anxiety (-0.42, 95% CI (-0.84 to -0.01), p = 0.0468), and AS-QoL (-3.37; 95% CI (-5.21 to 1.53); p = 0.0004) compared to the CG. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that yoga helps improve pain, functional index, and mental health in patients with AS. Tele-yoga intervention is feasible and effective in treating AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Singh
- Division of Yoga & Life Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhan Samsthan, #19 Eknath Bhavan, Gavipuram circle, K G Nagar, Bengaluru, 560019, India.
| | | | - Padmini Tekur
- Division of Yoga & Life Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhan Samsthan, #19 Eknath Bhavan, Gavipuram circle, K G Nagar, Bengaluru, 560019, India.
| | - Sriloy Mohanty
- Centers for Integrative Medicine and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Amit Singh
- Division of Yoga & Life Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhan Samsthan, #19 Eknath Bhavan, Gavipuram circle, K G Nagar, Bengaluru, 560019, India.
| | - Nagaratna Raghuram
- Division of Yoga & Life Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhan Samsthan, #19 Eknath Bhavan, Gavipuram circle, K G Nagar, Bengaluru, 560019, India.
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Isath A, Kanwal A, Virk HUH, Bandyopadhyay D, Wang Z, Kumar A, Kalra A, Naidu SS, Lavie CJ, Virani SS, Krittanawong C. The Effect of Yoga on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Meta-Analysis. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101593. [PMID: 36681213 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Yoga has been increasingly popular yet has shown inconsistent benefits on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. We aimed to systematically analyze the effect of yoga on modifiable CVD risk factors. We systematically searched Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Ovid Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, and Web of Science from database inception in 1966 through June 2022 for studies evaluating the association between yoga and blood pressure, lipid profile, HbA1c and body mass index (BMI). Two investigators independently reviewed data. Conflicts were resolved through consensus. Random-effects meta-analyses were used. 64 RCTs including a total of 16,797 participants were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Yoga therapy improved both systolic as well as diastolic blood pressure (weight mean difference [WMD] (95% Confidence interval [CI]) of -4.56 [-6.37, -2.75] mm Hg, WMD [95% CI] - 3.39 [-5.01, -1.76] mm Hg respectively). There was also an improvement in BMI as well as hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (WMD [95% CI] of -0.57 [-1.05, -0.10] kg/m2, WMD [95% CI] of -0.14 [-0.24, -0.030] mmol/L respectively) . In addition, all parameters of the lipid profile, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) showed a significant improvement with yoga therapy (WMD [95% CI] -7.59 [-12.23, -2.95] mg/dL for LDL-C). Yoga has a modest yet positive effect on blood pressure, BMI, lipid profile and HbA1c and, therefore, may play an ancillary role in primary prevention of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameesh Isath
- Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Centre, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | - Arjun Kanwal
- Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Centre, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | - Hafeez Ul Hassan Virk
- Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - Zhen Wang
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Akron General, Akron, OH
| | - Ankur Kalra
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Srihari S Naidu
- Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Centre, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | - Carl J Lavie
- John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Salim S Virani
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center Houston, TX
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28
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Augusto TRDL, Peroni J, de Vargas W, Santos PC, Dantas W, Padavini RL, Koch R, Saraiva E, Bastos MAV, Müller PDT. Carotid-body modulation through meditation in stage-I hypertensive subjects: Study protocol of a randomized and controlled study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32295. [PMID: 36607871 PMCID: PMC9829266 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adjunctive therapy for hypertension is in high demand for clinical research. Therefore, several meta-analyses have provided sufficient evidence for meditation as an adjunct therapy, without being anchored on reliable physiological grounds. Meditation modulates the autonomic nervous system. Herein, we propose a hierarchical-dependent effect for the carotid body (CB) in attenuating blood pressure (BP) and ventilatory variability (VV) fine-tuning due to known nerve connections between the CB, prefrontal brain, hypothalamus, and solitary tract nucleus. The aim of this exploratory study was to investigate the role of CB in the possible decrease in BP and changes in VV that could occur in response to meditation. This was a prospective, single-center, parallel-group, randomized, controlled clinical trial with concealed allocation. Eligible adult subjects of both sexes with stage 1 hypertension will be randomized into 1 of 2 groups: transcendental meditation or a control group. Subjects will be invited to 3 visits after randomization and 2 additional visits after completing 8 weeks of meditation or waiting-list control. Thus, subjects will undergo BP measurements in normoxia and hyperoxia, VV measurements using the Poincaré method at rest and during exercise, and CB activity measurement in the laboratory. The primary outcome of this study was the detection of changes in BP and CB activity after 8 weeks. Our secondary outcome was the detection of changes in the VV at rest and during exercise. We predict that interactions between hyperoxic deactivation of CB and meditation; Will reduce BP beyond stand-alone intervention or alternatively; Meditation will significantly attenuate the effects of hyperoxia as a stand-alone intervention. In addition, VV can be changed, partially mediated by a reduction in CB activity. Trial registration number: ReBEC registry (RBR-55n74zm). Stage: pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Rodrigues de Lemos Augusto
- Laboratory of Respiratory Pathophysiology (LAFIR), Maria Aparecida Pedrossian Universitary Hospital (HUMAP), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Peroni
- Laboratory of Respiratory Pathophysiology (LAFIR), Maria Aparecida Pedrossian Universitary Hospital (HUMAP), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Wandriane de Vargas
- Laboratory of Respiratory Pathophysiology (LAFIR), Maria Aparecida Pedrossian Universitary Hospital (HUMAP), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Caroll Santos
- Laboratory of Respiratory Pathophysiology (LAFIR), Maria Aparecida Pedrossian Universitary Hospital (HUMAP), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Wendel Dantas
- Laboratory of Respiratory Pathophysiology (LAFIR), Maria Aparecida Pedrossian Universitary Hospital (HUMAP), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Roberta Lazari Padavini
- Laboratory of Respiratory Pathophysiology (LAFIR), Maria Aparecida Pedrossian Universitary Hospital (HUMAP), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Koch
- Laboratory of Respiratory Pathophysiology (LAFIR), Maria Aparecida Pedrossian Universitary Hospital (HUMAP), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Marco Aurélio Vinhosa Bastos
- Laboratory of Respiratory Pathophysiology (LAFIR), Maria Aparecida Pedrossian Universitary Hospital (HUMAP), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paulo de Tarso Müller
- Laboratory of Respiratory Pathophysiology (LAFIR), Maria Aparecida Pedrossian Universitary Hospital (HUMAP), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- * Correspondence: Paulo de Tarso Müller, Laboratory of Respiratory Pathophysiology (LAFIR); Respiratory Division of University Hospital, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Rua Filinto Müller S/N, Vila Ipiranga CEP:79080-090, Campo Grande, Brazil (e-mail: )
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Karri RR, Bhavanani AB, Ramanathan M, Mopidevi VG. Methodological issues in yoga therapy research among psychiatric patients. Indian J Psychiatry 2023; 65:12-17. [PMID: 36874523 PMCID: PMC9983453 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_464_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Yoga therapy has been widely accepted as part of the evidence-based modern healthcare system. Although research publications are growing in leaps and bounds, many methodological issues pose stumbling blocks. In this narrative review, various issues like standalone or add-on treatment, blinding, randomization, nature of dependent and intervening variables, duration of intervention, sustainability of effects, attrition bias, adherence and accuracy, all or none performance, diverse schools, heterogeneity and multidimensionality, assortment, permutations, and combinations of different components, neglect of essential ingredients, mindfulness, catch-22 situation, credentials of the instructors, cultural factors, naivety, multicentric studies, duration of collection of data, primary or standard treatment, interdisciplinary research, statistical lapses, qualitative research, biomedical research are discussed. There is a need to frame guidelines for conducting yoga therapy research and publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Reddy Karri
- Centre for Yoga Therapy, Education and Research (CYTER), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (S.B.V.), Pillaiyarkuppam, Puducherry, India
| | - Ananda B Bhavanani
- Centre for Yoga Therapy, Education and Research (CYTER), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (S.B.V.), Pillaiyarkuppam, Puducherry, India
| | - Meena Ramanathan
- Centre for Yoga Therapy, Education and Research (CYTER), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (S.B.V.), Pillaiyarkuppam, Puducherry, India
| | - Vijaya Gopal Mopidevi
- Department of Psychiatry, G.S.L. Medical College, Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Metri KG, Raghuram N, Narayan M, Sravan K, Sekar S, Bhargav H, Babu N, Mohanty S, Revankar R. Impact of workplace yoga on pain measures, mental health, sleep quality, and quality of life in female teachers with chronic musculoskeletal pain: A randomized controlled study. Work 2023; 76:521-531. [PMID: 36847050 DOI: 10.3233/wor-210269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain conditions such as low back pain, knee pain and cervical pain are highly prevalent among female teachers. Chronic pain significantly affects the mental health, sleep and quality of life among teachers. OBJECTIVE This study is intended to investigate the impact of a workplace yoga intervention on musculoskeletal pain, anxiety, depression, sleep, and quality of life (QoL) among female teachers who had chronic musculoskeletal pain. METHOD Fifty female teachers aged between 25-55 years with chronic musculoskeletal pain were randomized to either the yoga group (n = 25) or the control group (n = 25). The yoga group received a 60-minute structured Integrated Yoga intervention (IY) four days a week for six consecutive weeks at school. The control group received no intervention. OUTCOME MEASURES Pain intensity, anxiety, depression, stress, fatigue, self-compassion, sleep quality, and quality of life were assessed at the baseline and six weeks. RESULTS A significant (p < 0.05) reduction in pain intensity and pain disability in the yoga group was observed after 6-week compared to baseline. Anxiety, depression, stress, sleep scores and fatigues also improved in the yoga group after six weeks. The control group showed no change. Post score comparison showed a significant difference between the groups for all the measures. CONCLUSION Workplace yoga intervention is found to be effective in improving pain, pain disability, mental health, sleep quality among female teachers with chronic musculoskeletal pain. This study strongly recommends yoga for the prevention of work-related health issues and for the promotion of wellbeing among teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nagaratna Raghuram
- Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA University), Bangalore, India
| | - Meera Narayan
- Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA University), Bangalore, India
| | - Karthik Sravan
- Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA University), Bangalore, India
| | - Sanjana Sekar
- Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA University), Bangalore, India
| | - Hemant Bhargav
- Department of Integrative Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Natesh Babu
- Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA University), Bangalore, India
| | - Sriloy Mohanty
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
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Pandey A, Pandey A, Pandey AS, Bonsignore A, Auclair A, Poirier P. Impact of Yoga on Global Cardiovascular Risk as an Add-On to a Regular Exercise Regimen in Patients With Hypertension. Can J Cardiol 2023; 39:57-62. [PMID: 36604096 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to determine whether the addition of yoga to a regular exercise training regimen improves cardiometabolic risk profile. METHODS Sixty individuals with diagnosed hypertension (≥ 140/90 mm Hg for 3 measurements on different days) were recruited in an exercise training program. In addition to aerobic exercise training, participants were randomised into either a yoga or a stretching control group. Participants, over the 3-month intervention regimen, performed 15 minutes of either yoga or stretching in addition to 30 minutes of aerobic exercise training 5 times weekly. Blood pressure, anthropometry, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), glucose, and lipid levels as well as the Framingham and Reynolds Risk Scores were measured. RESULTS At baseline, there was no difference in age, sex, smoking status, body mass index, blood pressure, heart rate, lipid and glucose levels, and Framingham Risk Score between groups. After the 3-month intervention period, the decrement in systolic and diastolic blood pressures (before vs after stretching: 126 ± 11/76 ± 7 vs 122 ± 11/73 ± 8 mm Hg; before vs after yoga: 130 ± 13/77 ± 10 vs 119 ± 11/69 ± 8 mm Hg) and heart rate was greater (P < 0.001) in the yoga group, with similar decreases in lipid, glucose, and hs-CRP levels and Framingham Risk Score in both groups. Reynolds Risk Score decrement was higher in the yoga vs the control group (absolute reduction -1.2 ± 1.2 vs -0.6 ± 0.8; relative reduction 13.2 ± 11.8% vs 9.3 ± 6.5%; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In patients with hypertension, the practice of yoga incorporated in a 3-month exercise training program was associated with greater improvement in resting blood pressure and heart rate and Reynolds Risk Score compared with stretching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Pandey
- Cambridge Cardiac Care Centre, Cambridge, Ontario, Canada; University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Avinash Pandey
- Cambridge Cardiac Care Centre, Cambridge, Ontario, Canada; McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Shekhar Pandey
- Cambridge Cardiac Care Centre, Cambridge, Ontario, Canada; McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Audrey Auclair
- Institut de Cardiologie, et de Pneumologie, de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Paul Poirier
- Institut de Cardiologie, et de Pneumologie, de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec, Canada.
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32
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Gangadhar BN. Evidence-based integration of yoga in psychiatric practice. Indian J Psychiatry 2023; 65:5-11. [PMID: 36874516 PMCID: PMC9983454 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_813_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Yoga has been put to test in clinical medicine to build evidence. There has been a steep rise in yoga research through 2010, threefold in the next decade. Despite challenges, clinicians have explored yoga intervention in several disorders. The available data have been examined using meta-analysis when there are more studies. Psychiatric disorders treated with yoga have attracted more research. Some examples include depression, schizophrenia, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), somatoform pain, addiction, mild cognitive impairment, and elderly and childhood disorders. Current manuscript focuses on highlighting the major steps towards generating evidence that have led to integration of yoga into psychiatry practice. It also discusses various challenges and the way forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- B N Gangadhar
- Department of Integrative Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Ramirez-Duran D, Stokes H, Kern ML. Going within, between and beyond: An exploration of regular Ashtanga Yoga practitioners' conceptualizations of five dimensions of wellbeing. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1018620. [PMID: 36619108 PMCID: PMC9811318 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1018620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Yoga is an embodied practice underpinned by philosophical elements, seeking to evolve different dimensions of human existence for optimal functioning in relation to oneself, others and beyond. This mixed-methods research focused on 137 regular Ashtanga Yoga practitioners (AYPs) by investigating their conceptualizations of five dimensions of wellbeing (i.e., physical, emotional, psychological, social, spiritual). Conceptualizations were analysed through word count analysis and Reflexive Thematic Analysis separately for each dimension, yielding four themes in each case, which partly aligned with existing wellbeing and yoga models, and partly extended on the existing literature. Further higher level analysis identified shared meanings across these five dimensions, expressed in themes grouped within five topics (i.e., freedom from and managing suffering, a positive and integrated sense of self, a sense of equanimity and steadiness, the self in relation to others and the world, meta-awareness). Furthermore, it also portrayed each dimension as multileveled, represented in three levels of human functioning. The foundational level encompassed the absence and managing suffering, representing functioning in coping and recovery mode. The optimal functioning level included a positive and integrated sense of self, a sense of equanimity and steadiness, and the self in relation to others and the world, representing functioning in personal development and growth mode. The contemplative and transcendental level involved meta-awareness in every dimension of wellbeing, representing functioning in transpersonal mode. As a result, we propose a preliminary model informed both by this empirical work and previous theories. While the continuousness of themes across dimensions reinforces the importance of embodiment and transcendence in wellbeing frameworks, the notion of the self as a multi-level system could be further explored in relation to knowing about and cultivating wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ramirez-Duran
- Centre for Wellbeing Science, Melbourne Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen Stokes
- Melbourne Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Margaret L. Kern
- Centre for Wellbeing Science, Melbourne Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Muehlenkamp JJ, Wagner EM. Yoga and nonsuicidal self-injury: Mediational effects of self-compassion and body appreciation. Body Image 2022; 43:17-24. [PMID: 35994996 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a prevalent maladaptive body-focused behavior among youth and young adults. Yoga is associated with improved mindfulness, body image, and self-compassion; all of which are associated with decreased NSSI. This study evaluated the relationship between yoga and NSSI frequency, and if the relationship would be mediated by mindfulness, self-compassion, and/or body appreciation. Participants were recruited from a random sample of university students via email and included those with some yoga experience (N = 384; Mage = 19.98, SD = 2.20). Participants completed an anonymous online survey assessing their levels of yoga participation, NSSI, mindfulness, self-compassion, and body appreciation. Bias corrected serial mediation regression models indicated the relationship between yoga participation and NSSI frequency was significantly mediated by self-compassion followed by body appreciation. Body appreciation was also a significant single mediator of yoga's relationship with NSSI. Mindfulness was not a significant mediator in any of the analyzes. Yoga practice is associated with reduced NSSI behaviors through its positive relationships with body appreciation and self-compassion. Body appreciation appears to be an important mechanism underlying the link between yoga participation and NSSI behavior suggesting that interventions promoting positive body image, such as yoga, could be innovative strategies for clinicians to consider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J Muehlenkamp
- University of Wisconsin Eau Claire, Department of Psychology, 105 Garfield Ave, Eau Claire, WI 54701, the United States of America.
| | - Emily M Wagner
- University of Wisconsin Eau Claire, Department of Psychology, 105 Garfield Ave, Eau Claire, WI 54701, the United States of America
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Matko K, Sedlmeier P, Bringmann HC. Embodied Cognition in Meditation, Yoga, and Ethics-An Experimental Single-Case Study on the Differential Effects of Four Mind-Body Treatments. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191811734. [PMID: 36142006 PMCID: PMC9517053 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Yoga is an embodied contemplative practice considered as a path toward long-term well-being, which fosters an integrated processing of bodily and emotional stimuli. However, little is known about how the different components of yoga contribute to these processes. This was the aim of this single-case multiple-baseline study. Herein, we explored how different yoga components affect body awareness, emotion regulation, affectivity, self-compassion, and distress tolerance. Forty-two randomly assigned participants (from initially fifty-seven) completed one of four 8-week treatments: Mantra meditation alone (MA), meditation plus physical yoga (MY), meditation plus ethical education (ME), and meditation plus yoga and ethical education (MYE). Participants had no prior regular yoga or meditation practice. Data were analyzed using visual inspection, effect size estimation, and multilevel modeling. Surprisingly, all four treatments similarly improved body awareness (Tau-UMA = 0.21 to Tau-UMY = 0.49), emotion regulation (Tau-UMYE = -0.43 to Tau-UME = -0.52), self-compassion (η2 = 0.08), and distress tolerance (η2 = 0.13). These effects were maintained until follow-up at 2 and 12 months after the study, even though home practice declined. The MA condition had the least favorable effect on affective experience (Tau-UMA = -0.14 and 0.07), while the ME condition enhanced valence the most (Tau-UME = 0.10) and the MY condition was the most effective in preventing negative affective responses. Although mantra meditation on its own negatively influenced daily affect, it can be assumed as the driving force behind the improvement in the other variables. This points to the central role of meditation in increasing interoception, self-awareness, and embodied processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Matko
- Institute of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09120 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Peter Sedlmeier
- Institute of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09120 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Holger C. Bringmann
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Krankenhaus Spremberg, 03130 Spremberg, Germany
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Matko K, Berghöfer A, Jeitler M, Sedlmeier P, Bringmann HC. Who Benefits Most? Interactions between Personality Traits and Outcomes of Four Incremental Meditation and Yoga Treatments. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154553. [PMID: 35956171 PMCID: PMC9369882 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mind–Body Medicine (MBM) includes a broad range of interventions with proven preventive and clinical value, such as yoga and meditation. However, people differ in their preferences and response to different MBM treatments and it remains unclear who benefits most from what type of practice. Thus, finding moderators of treatment outcome seems to be a promising approach. This was the aim of the present study. We conducted a single-case multiple-baseline study investigating the outcomes and moderators of four different MBM treatments. Fifty-seven healthy participants with no prior experience were randomly assigned to three baselines (7, 14, and 21 days) and four eight-week treatments: mantra meditation alone, meditation plus physical yoga, meditation plus ethical education and meditation plus yoga and ethical education. We analysed the data using effect size estimation, multiple regression and cluster analyses. High anxiety, high absorption, low spirituality, low openness and younger age were associated with a range of positive outcomes, such as increased wellbeing or decentering and decreased mind wandering. Receiving ethical education consistently improved wellbeing, while engaging in physical yoga reduced mind wandering. In the cluster analysis, we found that participants with a more maladaptive personality structure enhanced their emotion regulation skills more. Consequently, people do differ in their response to MBM interventions and more vulnerable people, or those high in absorption, seem to benefit more. These findings could support the development of custom-tailored MBM interventions and help clinicians to make scientifically sound recommendations for their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Matko
- Institute of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09120 Chemnitz, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Anne Berghöfer
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Jeitler
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Sedlmeier
- Institute of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09120 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Holger C. Bringmann
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Krankenhaus Spremberg, 03130 Spremberg, Germany
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Kalra S, Miraj M, Ajmera P, Shaik RA, Seyam MK, Shawky GM, Alasiry SM, Mohamed EH, Alasiri HM, Alzhrani M, Alanazi A, Alqahtani M, Shaikh AR, Al-Otaibi ML, Saleem S, Pal S, Jain V, Ahmad F. Effects of Yogic Interventions on Patients Diagnosed With Cardiac Diseases. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:942740. [PMID: 35990980 PMCID: PMC9386118 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.942740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Presently, evidence-based research studies on the efficacy of complimentary therapies like yoga for patients with different cardiac diseases are limited and conflicting. The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on yogic interventions compared with usual care or non-pharmacological treatment in patients diagnosed with cardiac diseases. Methods We conducted an electronic search of literature published from 2006 to May 2021 through five databases. PRISMA statement was used to develop and report a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. Sixteen RCTs were included in the systematic review and 11 RCTs were used for meta-analysis. Outcome measures were blood pressure, lipid profile, and psychosocial measures. The Cochrane collaboration tool was used to assess bias risk. Results The results show that yogic interventions resulted in significant reduction in systolic (d = 046; 95% CI.08–0.84; I2 = 81.86%) and diastolic blood pressures (d = 0.56; 95% CI.13–0.99, I2 = 84.84%). A medium statistically significant increase in HDL (d =0.67; 95% CI 0 to 1.33; I2 79.7%) and a low but significant effect on LDL (d = 0.23; 95% CI −0.08–0.54; I2 32.61%), total cholesterol (d =0.28; 95% CI −0.14–0.7; I2 63.72%), and triglycerides (d = 0.43; 95% CI −0.1–0.97; I2 76.64%) were observed. Pooled effect sizes showed a medium to low statistically significant effect on psychosocial indicators viz., QoL, stress, anxiety, and depression. Conclusion The meta-analysis found strong evidence of effectiveness of yogic interventions on lipid profile, blood pressure, and psychosocial outcomes in patients with diagnosed cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Kalra
- School of Physiotherapy, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Miraj
- Department of Physiotherapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Miraj
| | - Puneeta Ajmera
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Riyaz Ahamad Shaik
- Department of Community Medicine/Public Health, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed K. Seyam
- Department of Physiotherapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada M. Shawky
- Department of Physiotherapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sharifa M. Alasiry
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed H. Mohamed
- Department of Physical Therapy, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatim M. Alasiri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Msaad Alzhrani
- Department of Physiotherapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Alanazi
- Department of Physiotherapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen Alqahtani
- Department of Physiotherapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al Maarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Raheem Shaikh
- Department of Physiotherapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Lafi Al-Otaibi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakir Saleem
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajjan Pal
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, SGT University, Gurugram, India
| | | | - Fuzail Ahmad
- Department of Physiotherapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
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Dunsiger SI, Bock BC, Horowitz S, Lantini R, Jennings E, Thind H. Advertising Effectiveness for Recruitment and Retention in a Trial of Yoga for Smoking Cessation. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2022.2071782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Stan R. Personality Traits, Technology-Related Teaching Skills, and Coping Mechanisms as Antecedents of Teachers' Job-Related Affective Well-Being and Burnout in Compulsory and Higher Education Online Teaching Settings. Front Psychol 2022; 13:792642. [PMID: 35519656 PMCID: PMC9062184 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.792642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Teachers’ job-related well-being has been affected by the sudden shift to emergency remote online teaching due to the COVID-19 pandemic which has totally reshaped the task performance. Therefore, this study attempts to enlighten the possible reasons for the deterioration in teachers’ job-related well-being and proposes an integrated application of three models of prediction for job-related affective well-being and burnout as teachers’ indicators for the well-being in online teaching settings. The first model includes personality traits (extroversion, neuroticism, and conscientiousness) measured with the revised neuroticism, extroversion, and openness personality inventory (NEO-PI-R). The second model integrates an indispensable skill for the online teaching which is technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPCK) as technology-related teaching skill conceptualized by the TPACK framework. The TPACK model is a technology integration that identifies three types of knowledge instructors need to combine for successful EdTech integration - technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (i.e., TPACK). The third model, a multidimensional one, includes coping mechanisms (e.g., problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, social support coping, and avoidant coping) as mediators in the relationship between personality traits and TPCK on the one side, and job-related well-being indicators on the other side. Findings from regression analyses were used to test the first two models, and the findings from a mediation analysis were used to test the third model to show that teachers’ TPCK explains a significant amount of variance in the job-related affective well-being of the teachers. The analyses also demonstrate that avoidant coping particularly mediates the relation between burnout and job-related affective well-being during COVID-19 school closures. Results indicate the efficacy of the TPACK model in increasing the job-related well-being of the teachers. The analysis of the data led to recommend that teachers should improve their personal technology-related teaching skills and adopt coping strategies in consistent with their personality traits. Moreover, public schools, as organizations, could advance educational technology programs to enhance technology-related teaching skills with the aim of increasing the well-being of their employees in online teaching settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana Stan
- Department of Psychology, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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Nalbant G, Hassanein ZM, Lewis S, Chattopadhyay K. Content, Structure, and Delivery Characteristics of Yoga Interventions for Managing Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Public Health 2022; 10:846231. [PMID: 35419342 PMCID: PMC8995771 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.846231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This systematic review aimed to synthesize the content, structure, and delivery characteristics of effective yoga interventions used for managing hypertension and to compare these characteristics with ineffective interventions. Design and Method The JBI and the PRISMA guidelines were followed in this systematic review. RCTs conducted among hypertensive adults were included. RCTs reporting at least one of the major components of yoga (i.e., asana, pranayama, and dhyana and relaxation practices) and comparing them with no intervention or any intervention were eligible. Sixteen databases were searched for published and unpublished studies without any date and language restrictions till March 15, 2021. Results The literature search yielded 13,130 records. 34 RCTs (evaluating 38 yoga interventions) met the inclusion criteria. Overall, included studies had low methodological quality mostly due to inadequate reporting. Yoga reduced SBP and DBP compared to a control intervention (MD -6.49 and -2.78; 95CI% -8.94- -4.04 and -4.11- -1.45, respectively). Eighteen, 14 and 20 interventions were effective in improving SBP, DBP, or either, respectively. 13 out of 20 effective interventions incorporated all the 3 major components of yoga and allocated similar durations to each component whereas ineffective interventions were more focused on the asana and duration of asana practice was longer. The most common duration and frequency of effective interventions were 45 min/session (in 5 interventions), 7 days/week (in 5 interventions), and 12 weeks (in 11 interventions) whereas the most common session frequency was 2 days a week (in 7 interventions) in ineffective interventions. Effective interventions were mostly center-based (in 15 interventions) and supervised (in 16 interventions) and this was similar with ineffective interventions. Conclusion Despite the low quality and heterogeneity of included studies, our findings suggest yoga interventions may effectively manage hypertension. The differences between the effective and ineffective interventions suggest that effective yoga interventions mostly incorporated asana, pranayama, and dhyana and relaxation practices and they had a balance between these three components and included regular practice. They were mostly delivered in a center and under supervision. Future studies should consider developing and evaluating an intervention for managing hypertension using the synthesized findings of the effective interventions in this review. Systematic Review Registration [PROSPERO], identifier [CRD42019139404].
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Nalbant
- Lifespan and Population Health Academic Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,The Nottingham Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare, A JBI Centre of Excellence, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Zeinab M Hassanein
- Lifespan and Population Health Academic Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,The Nottingham Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare, A JBI Centre of Excellence, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Lewis
- Lifespan and Population Health Academic Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kaushik Chattopadhyay
- Lifespan and Population Health Academic Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,The Nottingham Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare, A JBI Centre of Excellence, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Testing psychosocial mediators of a mind-body resiliency intervention for cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30:5911-5919. [PMID: 35386004 PMCID: PMC8986336 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Group-based mind–body interventions such as the Stress Management and Resiliency Training-Relaxation Response Resiliency Program (SMART-3RP) hold promise for enhancing resiliency among cancer survivors. Mechanisms underlying improvements in psychological outcomes are theoretically established but remain unexamined empirically. Methods Adult cancer survivors (n = 105) participating in the SMART-3RP completed surveys of resiliency and five hypothesized mediators: coping (ability to relax physical tension and assertive social support-seeking), mindfulness, positive affect, and worry. Pre-post intervention changes were assessed using repeated-measures t-tests. Bivariate correlations between change scores and a more conservative within-person parallel mediation model tested covariance between resiliency and mediators. Results Participants experienced moderate to large improvements in all patient-reported outcomes (ds = 1.01–0.46). Increased resiliency was significantly associated with increases in mindfulness, positive affect, and assertive social support-seeking (rs = 0.36–0.50); smaller associations with increased relaxation and decreased worry were not significant. Mindfulness and positive affect explained the largest proportion of variance in resiliency increase in the full multivariate model. Conclusions Cancer survivors completing the SMART-3RP had increased resiliency, which was associated with improvements in mindfulness, positive affect, and the ability to assertively seek social support. Enhancing mindfulness and positive affect were critical components for enhancing resiliency. Implications for resiliency interventions with cancer survivors are discussed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00520-022-07022-5.
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Green J, Larkey L, Leiferman JA, Buman M, Oh C, Huberty J. Prenatal yoga and excessive gestational weight gain: A review of evidence and potential mechanisms. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2022; 46:101551. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Uebelacker LA, Wolff JC, Guo J, Conte K, Segur R, Caviness CM, Park HS, Peterson S, Tremont G, Rosen RK, Yen S. Single-arm Pilot Trial of Hatha Yoga for Adolescents with Depression. EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE IN CHILD AND ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH 2022; 7:317-326. [PMID: 36506106 PMCID: PMC9733676 DOI: 10.1080/23794925.2021.1993110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of adolescent depression is increasing, particularly among girls. Existing evidence-based treatments have limitations and/or may not be acceptable to all adolescents and parents. There is evidence that hatha yoga may be useful as an adjunctive treatment for depression in adults. The purpose of the current study was to assess acceptability and feasibility of hatha yoga for depression in teens. We conducted a single-arm pilot trial of 12 weeks of manualized yoga classes specifically targeted toward teens with elevated depression symptoms. We assessed acceptability and feasibility by several metrics and compared our results against a priori benchmarks. We also collected qualitative feedback on the classes. We enrolled 11 teens. We met a priori benchmarks for recruitment and retention rates, credibility of the yoga classes, satisfaction with classes, and (lack of) adverse events causally related to classes. Class attendance and amount of home practice fell below planned benchmarks. Qualitative feedback was positive from the majority, although not all, participants. Results from this study may be used to further refine yoga classes for depressed teens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A. Uebelacker
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI,Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Jennifer C. Wolff
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI,Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Jenny Guo
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | | | - Ryan Segur
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Celeste M. Caviness
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI,Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | | | | | - Geoffrey Tremont
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI,Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Rochelle K. Rosen
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI
| | - Shirley Yen
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI,Massachusetts Mental Health Center at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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OUP accepted manuscript. Health Promot Int 2022:6564482. [DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daac038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Jalilianhasanpour R, Asadollahi S, Yousem DM. Creating joy in the workplace. Eur J Radiol 2021; 145:110019. [PMID: 34798537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.110019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Creating a joyful workplace is not the same as dealing with issues of stress, fatigue, burn-out, and resilience. It requires a proactive approach to augment feelings of worth, appreciation, and well-being in the members of the team. The sense that one is pursuing worthwhile, valuable activities requires a wholesale commitment to the mission, vision and values of the organization. These tenets are often created through an organic consensus of collegial workmates and then put to action by a leadership team. Reassessing the goals and virtues of the organization at appropriate intervals leads to ongoing loyalty and commitment to the team and a positive attitude. Well-being is addressed through the creation of a bright and cheerful physical and psychosocial workplace that offers programs that encourage mindfulness, humor, playfulness, and fitful lifestyle choices. The sense that one's work is appreciated and valued stems from an attitude of gratitude on behalf of all levels of the organization including management and peers where such encouragement flourishes. Those expressions of appreciation may be in the form of celebrations in the workplace and/or compensation and benefits that appropriately value the contributions of the employee. The organization's executive team should be dedicated to crafting an environment that leads to delighted, healthy employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozita Jalilianhasanpour
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shadi Asadollahi
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David M Yousem
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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46
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de Witte M, Kooijmans R, Hermanns M, van Hooren S, Biesmans K, Hermsen M, Stams GJ, Moonen X. Self-Report Stress Measures to Assess Stress in Adults With Mild Intellectual Disabilities-A Scoping Review. Front Psychol 2021; 12:742566. [PMID: 34759870 PMCID: PMC8573329 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.742566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress has a major negative impact on the development of psychopathology and contributes to the onset of adverse physical conditions. Timely recognition and monitoring of stress-related problems are therefore important, especially in client populations that are more vulnerable to stress, such as people with mild intellectual disabilities (MID). Recent research on the use of physiological measures to assess stress levels emphasize that, in addition to these measures, self-report instruments are necessary to gain insight into the individual perception and impact of stress on daily life. However, there is no current overview of self-report stress measures that focus on the experience of stress in the present moment or in daily life. To provide an overview of the existing self-report stress measures for clinicians and researchers, a scoping review was conducted. In addition, to advise clinical professionals on the use of self-report measures of stress for people with MID, the results of an expert consultation were used to refine the preliminary findings. A systematic scoping literature search resulted in a total of 13 self-reported stress measures that met the final inclusion criteria, of which three were developed specifically for assessing stress in adults with MID (GAS-ID, LI, and SAS-ID). For each included self-report stress measure, the psychometric quality, assessment procedure, and suitability for adults with MID were reported. These were supplemented by the findings from the expert consultation. Implications for clinical practice on the use of self-report stress measures, particularly for people with MID, are discussed. Recommendations for future research and development are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina de Witte
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Faculty of Health and Vitality, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- KenVaK, Research Centre for the Arts Therapies, Heerlen, Netherlands
- Stevig, Expert Centre for People With Mild Intellectual Disabilities, Gennep, Netherlands
| | - Roel Kooijmans
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Koraal Center of Expertise, Sittard, Netherlands
| | - Maria Hermanns
- Faculty of Health and Vitality, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Susan van Hooren
- KenVaK, Research Centre for the Arts Therapies, Heerlen, Netherlands
- Faculty of Healthcare, Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, Heerlen, Netherlands
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University, Heerlen, Netherlands
| | - Kim Biesmans
- Stevig, Expert Centre for People With Mild Intellectual Disabilities, Gennep, Netherlands
| | - Maaike Hermsen
- Faculty of Health and Vitality, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Geert Jan Stams
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Xavier Moonen
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Koraal Center of Expertise, Sittard, Netherlands
- Faculty of Healthcare, Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, Heerlen, Netherlands
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47
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Barton DJ, Kumar RG, Schuster AA, Juengst SB, Oh BM, Wagner AK. Acute Cortisol Profile Associations With Cognitive Impairment After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2021; 35:1088-1099. [PMID: 34689657 DOI: 10.1177/15459683211048771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairments commonly occur after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and affect daily functioning. Cortisol levels, which are elevated during acute hospitalization for most individuals after severe TBI, can influence cognition, but this association has not been studied previously in TBI. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that serum and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) cortisol trajectories over days 0-5 post-injury are associated with cognition 6-month post-injury. METHODS We examined 94 participants with severe TBI, collected acute serum and/or CSF samples over days 0-5 post-injury, and compared cortisol levels to those in 17 healthy controls. N = 88 participants had serum, and n = 84 had CSF samples available for cortisol measurement and had neuropsychological testing 6 months post-injury. Group based trajectory analysis (TRAJ) was used to generate temporal serum and CSF cortisol profiles which were examined for associations with neuropsychological performance. We used linear regression to examine relationships between cortisol TRAJ groups and both overall and domain-specific cognition. RESULTS TRAJ analysis identified a high group and a decliner group for serum and a high group and low group for CSF cortisol. Multivariable analysis showed serum cortisol TRAJ group was associated with overall cognitive composites scores (P = .024) and with executive function (P = .039) and verbal fluency (P = .029) domain scores. CSF cortisol TRAJ group was associated with overall cognitive composite scores (P = .021) and domain scores for executive function (P = .041), verbal fluency (P = .031), and attention (P = .034). CONCLUSIONS High acute cortisol trajectories are associated with poorer cognition 6 months post-TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Barton
- Department of Emergency Medicine, 480740University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Raj G Kumar
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 171669University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alexandria A Schuster
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 171669University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shannon B Juengst
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Applied Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Byung-Mo Oh
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, KR
| | - Amy K Wagner
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 171669University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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48
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Cheshire A, Cartwright T. A Population-Practice-Based Model to Understand How Yoga Impacts on Human Global Functioning: A Qualitative Study. J Altern Complement Med 2021; 27:991-1001. [PMID: 34370551 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2021.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction:Research is increasingly demonstrating a range of benefits of practicing yoga, such as improved physical and mental health, social connectedness, and self-care. Mechanisms of action are less well understood, but may include both psychological and physiological changes. The aim of this study was to understand more about benefits and mechanisms of yoga practice, using qualitative data collected from a large-scale survey of yoga use in the United Kingdom. Methods: The mixed methods, cross-sectional online survey collected data on yoga use and perceived benefits from 2434 U.K. yoga practitioners. The qualitative survey element used open-ended questions to gain "real life" data regarding practice and perceived benefits. Data were analyzed thematically and deductively. A practice-based model describing yoga practice, mechanisms, and benefits, based on the Khalsa logic model of yoga, was developed to explain the data. Findings: Findings highlighted that a diverse range of yoga practices and nonspecific contextual factors related to practicing yoga, needed to be considered to understand how yoga was benefitting people. These practices encompassed both modern and traditional conceptions of yoga as a deeper lifestyle practice. Key mechanisms for change included improvements in physical strength and flexibility, stress regulation, resilience, equanimity, mind-body awareness, and spiritual/personal growth. These mechanisms resulted in diverse improvements in global health functioning, particularly physical and mental health and well-being. Conclusions: The Khalsa model provided a useful base upon which to guide the new population-practice-based model, to understand participants' "real life" experiences of yoga, how yoga is helping people and why. It provides important information for practitioners, teachers, and those delivering yoga interventions as to the range of skills and potential benefits of yoga practice. In addition, findings indicate directions for future research, by highlighting key yoga mechanisms that researchers may choose to focus on in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cheshire
- Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tina Cartwright
- Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
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49
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Matko K, Sedlmeier P, Bringmann HC. Differential Effects of Ethical Education, Physical Hatha Yoga, and Mantra Meditation on Well-Being and Stress in Healthy Participants-An Experimental Single-Case Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:672301. [PMID: 34421729 PMCID: PMC8375679 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.672301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, yoga is a multicomponent practice consisting of postures, breathing techniques, meditation, mantras, and ethics. To date, only a few studies have tried to dismantle the effects of each of these components and their combinations. To fill this gap, we examined the incremental effects of ethical education and physical Hatha yoga on mantra meditation using a single-case multiple-baseline design. This study was part of a project evaluating the new mind-body program Meditation-Based Lifestyle Modification. Fifty-seven healthy participants with no regular yoga or meditation practice were randomly assigned to three baselines (7, 14, and 21 days) and four conditions using a random number generator. The conditions were mantra meditation alone (MA), meditation plus physical yoga (MY), meditation plus ethical education (ME), and meditation plus yoga and ethical education (MYE). All the interventions lasted for 8 weeks and were run consecutively according to baseline length. During the baseline and treatment phases, participants received daily questionnaires measuring their well-being (WHO-5 Well-Being Index), stress (Perceived Stress Scale), and subjective experiences. Forty-two participants completed the treatment and were entered in the analyses. We analyzed our data using visual inspection, effect size estimation (Tau-U), and multilevel modeling. Almost all participants showed a longitudinal increase in well-being. Regarding between-group differences, participants who received ethical education exhibited the largest increases in well-being (Tau-U = 0.30/0.23 for ME/MYE), followed by participants in the MY condition (Tau-U = 0.12). Conversely, participants in the MA condition showed no change (Tau-U = 0.07). There was a tendency for the combined treatments to decrease stress. This tendency was strongest in the MY condition (Tau-U = -0.40) and reversed in the MA condition (Tau-U = 0.17). These results emphasize the incremental and differential effects of practicing meditation in combination with other practices from the eight-fold yoga path. This approach is valuable for better understanding the multifaceted practice of yoga. Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04252976.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Matko
- Department of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Peter Sedlmeier
- Department of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Holger C. Bringmann
- Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Diakoniekliniken Zschadrass, Colditz, Germany
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50
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Maheshkumar K, Dilara K, Ravishankar P, Julius A, Padmavathi R, Poonguzhali S, Venugopal V. Effect of six months pranayama training on stress-induced salivary cortisol response among adolescents-Randomized controlled study. Explore (NY) 2021; 18:463-466. [PMID: 34366293 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A combination of yoga practices has been documented to reduce stress and stress-induced cortisol levels. The objective of the current study is to examine the effects of six months of a single pranayama practice (Bhramari [Bhr. P]) on reducing salivary cortisol response to the cold pressor test (CPT) among adolescents. METHODS Twenty-six healthy adolescents between the ages of 11 and 19 were randomly assigned to either yoga group (n-13) or control group (n-13). Yoga group participants were trained to do Bhr. P for 45 min, thrice a week for six months. All participants underwent CPT at baseline and at end of six months. Saliva samples were collected at baseline (t0), at 20 min (t1), 40 min (t2), and 60 min after the CPT (t3). RESULTS Contradictory to our hypothesis, participants in the yoga group exhibited a higher salivary cortisol response to the CPT at t1 (p = 0.04) when compared to the control group. However, the t3 salivary cortisol levels showed a statistically significant reduction (p = 0.03) in yoga group when compared to the control group. A significant interaction with time (F (1, 88) = 316.5, p = .001, ηp2:0.91) and between the group × time (F (3, 88) = 2.83, p = 0.04, ηp2:0.8) was found after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS An increase in the cortisol responsiveness observed in the study is an indication of the adaptive capability achieved through regular yoga training, evidenced by an initial rise in cortisol followed by a rapid fall below baseline after 60 min. Further research is required to conclusively determine the changes in cortisol levels over time in response to stress in long-term yoga practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Maheshkumar
- Department of Physiology, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical college and Hospital, Chennai 600106, India.
| | - K Dilara
- Department of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Chennai, India
| | - P Ravishankar
- Department of Community Medicine, Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Chennai, India
| | - A Julius
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chennai, India
| | - R Padmavathi
- Department of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Chennai, India
| | - S Poonguzhali
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical college and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - V Venugopal
- Department of Yoga, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical college and Hospital, Chennai, India
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