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Dowda M, Saunders RP, Dishman RK, Pate RR. Association of physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet quality with adiposity: a longitudinal analysis in children categorized by baseline weight status. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:240-246. [PMID: 37932409 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01405-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Childhood obesity rates have increased in recent years. The effectiveness of future public health interventions to reduce childhood obesity will be enhanced by a better understanding of behavioral factors that influence adiposity in children as they transition from childhood to adolescence. The purpose of this study was to examine whether initial weight status modifies the longitudinal associations of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and diet quality with changes in adiposity over time. SUBJECTS/METHODS A total of 658 children (45% boys) were stratified into 3 groups based on 5th grade BMI percentiles ( < 85th, 85-95th, > 95th) and followed from 5th grade to 6th and/or 7th grade. Study variables, including fat-mass-index (FMI), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), diet quality, and sedentary behavior, were measured at 5th, 6th, and/or 7th grades. Separate growth curve models were conducted within each weight status group to examine the associations between MVPA, sedentary behavior, diet quality and adiposity, operationalized as FMI. All models controlled for sex, maturity offset, race, and parent education. RESULTS Of the 658 children, 53% were classified with normal weight at baseline, 18% with overweight, and 29% with obesity. Associations between MVPA, sedentary behavior, diet quality and FMI varied within each weight status group. MVPA was negatively associated with adiposity (FMI) for all weight status groups. Diet quality and sedentary behavior were associated with adiposity only in children with obesity at baseline; neither diet quality nor sedentary behavior was associated with FMI for those with overweight. CONCLUSIONS MVPA was negatively associated with adiposity (FMI) in all weight status groups, suggesting that MVPA may protect against higher adiposity. Sedentary behavior and diet quality were associated with adiposity only in children with obesity at baseline; neither sedentary behavior nor diet quality was associated with FMI for children with overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marsha Dowda
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Suite 212, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Ruth P Saunders
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Suite 212, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Rod K Dishman
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Georgia, Ramsey Student Center, 330 River Road, Athens, GA, 30602-6554, USA
| | - Russell R Pate
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Suite 212, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
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Danielsen YS, Skjåkødegård HF, Mongstad M, Hystad SW, Olsson SJG, Kleppe M, Juliusson PB, Frisk B. Objectively measured physical activity among treatment seeking children and adolescents with severe obesity and normal weight peers. Obes Sci Pract 2022; 8:801-810. [DOI: 10.1002/osp4.624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marit Mongstad
- Department of Health and Functioning Western Norway University of Applied Sciences Bergen Norway
| | - Sigurd W. Hystad
- Department of Psychosocial Science University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | | | - Malin Kleppe
- Department of Medicine Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
| | - Petur B. Juliusson
- Department of Clinical Science University of Bergen Bergen Norway
- Children and Youth Clinic Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
- Department of Health Registry Research and Development Norwegian Institute of Public Health Bergen Norway
| | - Bente Frisk
- Department of Health and Functioning Western Norway University of Applied Sciences Bergen Norway
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Knebel MTG, Matias TS, Lopes MVV, Dos Santos PC, da Silva Bandeira A, da Silva KS. Clustering of Physical Activity, Sleep, Diet, and Screen-Based Device Use Associated with Self-Rated Health in Adolescents. Int J Behav Med 2022; 29:587-596. [PMID: 35028932 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-021-10043-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about how the interplay among health-related behaviors impacts self-rated health (SRH). We examined the clustering of physical activity (PA), sleep, diet, and specific screen-based device use, and the associations between the emergent clusters and SRH among Brazilian adolescents. METHOD The data used in this cross-sectional study were from the baseline of the Movimente Program. Self-reported data were analyzed. SRH was recorded as a 5-point scale (from poor to excellent). Daily duration of exposure to the computer, the television, the cell phone, and games; PA; sleep; and weekly consumption of fruits and vegetables and ultra-processed foods were included in a Two-Step cluster analysis. Multilevel ordered logistic regressions assessed the associations between the clusters and SRH. RESULTS The data of 750 students (girls: 52.8%, 13.1 ± 1.0 years) were analyzed. Good SRH was more prevalent (52.8%). Three clusters were identified: the Phubbers (50.53%; characterized by the longest cell phone use duration, shortest gaming and computer use, lowest PA levels, and low consumption of fruits and vegetables), the Gamers (22.80%; longest gaming and computer use duration, PA < sample average, highest intake of ultra-processed foods), and a Healthier cluster (26.67%; physically active, use of all screen-based devices < sample average, and healthier dietary patterns). For both Gamers (-0.85; 95% CI -1.24, -0.46) and Phubbers (-0.71; 95% CI -1.04, -0.38), it was found a decrease in the log-odds of being in a higher SRH category compared with the Healthier cluster. CONCLUSION Specific clusters represent increased health-related risk. Assuming the interdependence of health-related behaviors is indispensable for accurately managing health promotion actions for distinguishable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarethe Thaisi Garro Knebel
- School of Sports, Research Centre in Physical Activity and Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Sousa Matias
- School of Sports, Research Centre in Physical Activity and Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Veber Lopes
- School of Sports, Research Centre in Physical Activity and Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Priscila Cristina Dos Santos
- School of Sports, Research Centre in Physical Activity and Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Alexsandra da Silva Bandeira
- School of Sports, Research Centre in Physical Activity and Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Kelly Samara da Silva
- School of Sports, Research Centre in Physical Activity and Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
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Paulsamy P, Periannan K, Easwaran V, Abdulla Khan N, Manoharan V, Venkatesan K, Qureshi AA, Prabahar K, Kandasamy G, Vasudevan R, Chidambaram K, Pappiya EM, Venkatesan K, Sethuraj P. School-Based Exercise and Life Style Motivation Intervention (SEAL.MI) on Adolescent's Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Academic Performance: Catch Them Young. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:1549. [PMID: 34828595 PMCID: PMC8621945 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9111549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There are shreds of evidence of shared biological mechanisms between obesity and hypertension during childhood intoadulthood, and loads of research literature has proven that it will profoundly cost nations' economies and health if neglected. The prevention and early diagnosis of cardiovascular risk factors such as overweight and hypertension is an essential strategy for control, effective treatment and prevention of its' complications. The study aims to assess the effect of school-based Exercise and Lifestyle Motivation Intervention (SEAL-MI) on adolescents' cardiovascular risk factors and academic performance. An experimental study was conducted among 1005 adolescents-520 and 485 were randomly selected for the control and study groups, respectively.A structured interview questionnaire was used to collect demographic details and data related to dietary habits, physical activity, sleep qualityand academic performance. The study group adolescents were given the SEAL-MI for six months, including a school-based rope exercise for 45 min per day for 5 days a week and a motivation intervention related to dietary habits, physical activity, and sleep. Post tests-1 and 2 were done after 3 and 6 months of intervention.The prevalence of overweight among adolescents was 28.73%, and prehypertension was 9.26%. Among overweight adolescents, the prevalence of prehypertension was found to be very high (32.25%). There was a significant weight reduction in post-intervention B.P. (p = 0.000) and improvement in dietary habits, physical activity, sleep (p = 0.000), and academic performance. A significant positive correlation was found between BMI and SBP (p = 0.000) and BMI and academic performance (p = 0.003). The linear regression analyses revealed that the gender (ß: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.81), age (ß: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.46), family income (ß: 0.2, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.5), residence (ß: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.27), and type of family (ß: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.02) had the strongest correlation with the BMI of the adolescents. Additionally, Mother's education (ß: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.18, 0.59) had the strongest correlation with the SBP of the adolescents. In contrast, the DBP was negatively persuaded by age (ß: -0.36, 95% CI: 1.54, 0.29) and gender (ß: -0.26, 95% CI: 1.34, 0.12) of the adolescents. Regular practice of rope exercise and lifestyle modification such as diet, physical activity, and quality sleep among adolescents prevent and control childhood CVD risk factors such asoverweight and hypertension. The SEAL-MI may lead to age-appropriate development of adolescents as well as improve their academic performance and quality of life. Giving importance to adolescents from urban habitats, affluent, nuclear families, and catching them young will change the disease burden significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premalatha Paulsamy
- College of Nursing, Mahalah Branch for Girls King Khalid University, Khamis Mushayt 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Kalaiselvi Periannan
- Oxford School of Nursing & Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0FL, UK;
| | - Vigneshwaran Easwaran
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (V.E.); (N.A.K.)
| | - Noohu Abdulla Khan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (V.E.); (N.A.K.)
| | - Vani Manoharan
- Georgia CTSA, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA 30078, USA;
| | - Krishnaraju Venkatesan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.Q.); (G.K.); (R.V.); (K.C.)
| | - Absar Ahmed Qureshi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.Q.); (G.K.); (R.V.); (K.C.)
| | - Kousalya Prabahar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Geetha Kandasamy
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.Q.); (G.K.); (R.V.); (K.C.)
| | - Rajalakshimi Vasudevan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.Q.); (G.K.); (R.V.); (K.C.)
| | - Kumarappan Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.Q.); (G.K.); (R.V.); (K.C.)
| | - Ester Mary Pappiya
- Regional Nursing Administration, Directorate of General Health Affair, Ministry of Health, Najran 21431, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Kumar Venkatesan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Pranave Sethuraj
- Vee Care College of Nursing, The TN MGR Medical University, Chennai 600095, India;
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Weaver RG, Tassitano RM, Tenório MCM, Brazendale K, Beets MW. Temporal Trends in Children's School Day Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis. J Phys Act Health 2021; 18:1446-1467. [PMID: 34627126 PMCID: PMC8669348 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence from a limited sample of countries indicates that time for physical education and recess during school have declined. Schools are called to provide children with 30 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). This systematic review and meta-analysis estimated temporal trends in children's school day MVPA. METHODS Three online databases were searched to identify studies with objectively measured MVPA, during school hours, in school aged children (5-18 y). Multilevel random-effects meta-analyses estimated MVPA by year, and meta-regression analyses estimated temporal trends in school day MVPA. RESULTS Studies (N = 65) providing 171 MVPA estimates, representing 60,779 unique children, from 32 countries, and spanning 2003-2019 were identified. Most studies were conducted in North America (n = 33) or Europe (n = 21). School day MVPA ranged from 18.1 (95% confidence interval, 15.1-21.1) to 47.1 (95% confidence interval, 39.4-54.8) minutes per day in any given year. Meta-regression analyses indicated that MVPA declined from 2003 to 2010 (approximately 15 min decline), plateaued from 2010 to 2015 (approximately 1 min decrease), and increased from 2015 to 2019 (approximately 5 min increase). CONCLUSIONS School day MVPA decreased from 2003 to 2010 and has recently begun to increase. However, the majority of the evidence is from North America and Europe with some evidence from Oceania and very little evidence from Asia to South America.
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Tassitano RM, Weaver RG, Tenório MCM, Brazendale K, Beets MW. Physical activity and sedentary time of youth in structured settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:160. [PMID: 33276782 PMCID: PMC7716454 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-01054-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structured settings, such as school, childcare, afterschool programs, summer camps, and physical activity/sport programs are crucial to promoting physical activity (PA) opportunities and reducing sedentary (ST) for children and adolescents. However, little is known about how much PA and ST children and adolescents accumulate in structured settings. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the absolute amount of time youth spend physically active and sedentary in different structured settings (Prospero number: 42018111804). METHODS Observational and experimental/quasi-experimental studies (baseline data only) with full-text available, written in English and published in a peer-reviewed journal, reporting the total amount of objectively measured PA (light, moderate, vigorous, and/or total physical activity) and/or time spent ST during structured settings among youth (3 to 18 years) were eligible. Adjusted meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled mean of time spent in PA and ST, by settings and sex. RESULTS A total of 187 studies (childcare n=60; school n=91; afterschool programs n=14; summer camp n=4; and Physical activity/ sport programs n=18) from 30 countries (47.9% United States), representing 74,870 youth (mean age 8.6 years old) were included. Overall, there was a high variation between studies in outcomes and settings. The meta-analyses revealed, on average, youth spend 221.8 minutes (36.7 min/hour) in ST and 32.1 minutes (5.1 min/hour) in MVPA during childcare hours, and 223.9 minutes (36.7min/hour) in ST and 27.8 min (4.4 min/hour) in MVPA at school. Relatively, youth are engaged in more MVPA in afterschool programs (11.7 min/hour), PA/ sport programs (20.9 min/hour), and summer camps (6.4 min/hour), when compared to childcare and school. CONCLUSION Total PA accumulated during childcare and MVPA accumulated during schools hours were close to recommendations, despite high proportion of ST. Afterschool programs, summer camp and PA/ sport programs are important settings that can contribute to daily PA and reduced ST. Ensuring all youth have access to these structured settings may be an important step forward for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael M Tassitano
- Department of Physical Education, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, SN Dom Manoel de Medeiros St, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Maria Cecília M Tenório
- Department of Physical Education, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, SN Dom Manoel de Medeiros St, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
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Söğüt M, Clemente FM, Clark CCT, Nikolaidis PT, Rosemann T, Knechtle B. Variations in Central Adiposity, Cardiovascular Fitness, and Objectively Measured Physical Activity According to Weight Status in Children (9-11 Years). Front Physiol 2019; 10:936. [PMID: 31396103 PMCID: PMC6668325 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was twofold: first, to compare the central adiposity (CA), cardiovascular fitness (CF), and physical activity (PA) in children with different weight status, and second, to determine the associations between moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and measures of adiposity [CA and body mass index (BMI)] and CF. A sample of 244 children (boys = 120 and girls = 124), 9.7-10.8 years of age (10.3 ± 0.3 years), was measured for stature, body mass, waist circumferences, and 20-m multi-stage fitness test. PA was recorded with ankle mounted accelerometer. BMI groups were used to classify children as underweight (UW), normal weight (NW), and overweight (OW). The prevalence of being OW was 21.7 and 25% in boys and girls, respectively. Only 5.3% of the participants were found to accumulate recommended amount (≥60 min/day) of MVPA. Boys were significantly outperformed girls in terms of CF. Moreover, they were significantly more engaged in moderate and vigorous physical activities than girls. Regardless of gender, results indicated that OW children had significantly higher values in all anthropometric parameters and lower level of CF than their UW and NW counterparts. In girls, OW children were found to accrue less time engaging in MVPA than the children in UW and NW groups. In boys, OW children were found to accrue less time engaging in vigorous activities than UW and NW children. Results also showed that there were no significant differences between UW and NW girls and boys in respect to CF. Besides, UW girls were found to accrue more time engaging in MVPA than NW girls. MVPA was found to be significantly and negatively correlated with BMI and waist circumference and significantly and positively correlated with CF in both boys and girls. These discrepancies and associations highlight the considerable influences of MVPA on weight status and CF in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Söğüt
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- School of Sport and Leisure, Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo, Melgaço, Portugal
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Cain C. T. Clark
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | | | - Thomas Rosemann
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beat Knechtle
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Lizandra J, Devís-Devís J, Valencia-Peris A, Tomás JM, Peiró-Velert C. Screen time and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity changes and displacement in adolescence: A prospective cohort study. Eur J Sport Sci 2018; 19:686-695. [PMID: 30550370 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1548649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper determines longitudinal changes in the time Spanish adolescents devote to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and screen media activity (SMA). Moreover, it examines the displacement hypothesis between time spent on SMA and MVPA. METHODS A cohort of 755 adolescents participated in a prospective cohort study over a three-year period. Repeated measures ANOVA to highlight interaction effects among all variables and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) techniques were employed. RESULTS Age and gender-related variations in longitudinal changes in time spent on MVPA and SMA evolved in the inverse direction (decreased on MVPA/increased on SMA) according to the ANOVA. The potential displacement between time spent on SMA and MVPA from Wave I to Wave II was analysed via SEM. The first model, estimated in the overall sample, showed no evidence for the displacement hypothesis. Subsequently, a multigroup sequence of panel models was performed and a partial displacement was observed only in boys. Hence, boys who spent more time on SMA were more likely to devote less time to MVPA three years later. CONCLUSION This study confirms the opposite trend on the time spent on MVPA and SMA over a three-year period, being clearly higher in SMA. Further SEM analyses reveal a deferred displacement hypothesis between SMA and MVPA only in boys. This partial gendered displacement may be linked to the different uses adolescents make of screen media. The incursion of new technological devices (smartphones or tablets) and their wide range of possibilities for social networking or gaming could explain this displacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Lizandra
- a Departament de Didàctica de l'Expressió Musical, Plàstica i Corporal , Universitat de València , Valencia , Spain
| | - José Devís-Devís
- b Departament d'Educació Física i Esportiva , Universitat de València , Valencia , Spain
| | - Alexandra Valencia-Peris
- a Departament de Didàctica de l'Expressió Musical, Plàstica i Corporal , Universitat de València , Valencia , Spain
| | - José M Tomás
- c Departament de Metodologia de les Ciències del Comportament , Universitat de València , Valencia , Spain
| | - Carmen Peiró-Velert
- a Departament de Didàctica de l'Expressió Musical, Plàstica i Corporal , Universitat de València , Valencia , Spain
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Elmesmari R, Martin A, Reilly JJ, Paton JY. Comparison of accelerometer measured levels of physical activity and sedentary time between obese and non-obese children and adolescents: a systematic review. BMC Pediatr 2018. [PMID: 29523101 PMCID: PMC5844092 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-018-1031-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity has been hypothesized to be associated with reduced moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and increased sedentary time (ST). It is important to assess whether, and the extent to which, levels of MVPA and ST are suboptimal among children and adolescents with obesity. The primary objective of this study was to examine accelerometer-measured time spent in MVPA and ST of children and adolescents with obesity, compared with MVPA recommendations, and with non-obese peers. Methods An extensive search was carried out in Medline, Cochrane library, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and CINAHL, from 2000 to 2015. Study selection and appraisal: studies with accelerometer-measured MVPA and/or ST (at least 3 days and 6 h/day) in free-living obese children and adolescents (0 to 19 years) were included. Study quality was assessed formally. Meta-analyses were planned for all outcomes but were precluded due to the high levels of heterogeneity across studies. Therefore, narrative syntheses were employed for all the outcomes. Results Out of 1503 records, 26 studies were eligible (n = 14,739 participants; n = 3523 with obesity); 6/26 studies involved children aged 0 to 9 years and 18/26 involved adolescents aged 10.1 to19 years. In the participants with obesity, the time spent in MVPA was consistently below the recommended 60 min/day and ST was generally high regardless of the participant’s age and gender. Comparison with controls suggested that the time spent in MVPA was significantly lower in children and adolescents with obesity, though differences were relatively small. Levels of MVPA in the obese and non-obese were consistently below recommendations. There were no marked differences in ST between obese and non-obese peers. Conclusions MVPA in children and adolescents with obesity tends to be well below international recommendations. Substantial effort is likely to be required to achieve the recommended levels of MVPA among obese individuals in obesity treatment interventions. This systematic review has been registered on PROSPERO (International Database of Prospective Register Systematic Reviews; registration number CRD42015026882). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12887-018-1031-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabha Elmesmari
- School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8 QQ, UK.,Al-Fatah Hospital, Medical School, Benghazi University, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Anne Martin
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8 QQ, UK
| | - John J Reilly
- Physical Activity for Health Group, University of Strathclyde, George Street, Glasgow, G1 1XQ, UK
| | - James Y Paton
- School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8 QQ, UK. .,Office Block, Ground Floor, Zone 1 (Paediatrics) Royal Hospital for Children, 1345 Govan Road, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK.
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Samaha M, Hawi NS. Associations between screen media parenting practices and children’s screen time in Lebanon. TELEMATICS AND INFORMATICS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Christofaro DGD, De Andrade SM, Mesas AE, Fernandes RA, Farias Júnior JC. Higher screen time is associated with overweight, poor dietary habits and physical inactivity in Brazilian adolescents, mainly among girls. Eur J Sport Sci 2015; 16:498-506. [PMID: 26239965 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2015.1068868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyse the associations between high screen time and overweight, poor dietary habits and physical activity in adolescents according to sex. METHODS The study comprised 515 boys and 716 girls aged 14-17 years from Londrina, Brazil. Nutritional status (normal weight or overweight/obese) was assessed by calculating the body mass index. Eating habits and time spent in physical activity were reported using a questionnaire. The measurement of screen time considered the time spent watching television, using a computer and playing video games during a normal week. Associations between high screen time and dependent variables (nutritional status, eating habits and physical activity levels) were assessed by binary logistic regression, adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. RESULTS Most adolescents (93.8% of boys and 87.2% of girls) spent more than 2 hours per day in screen-time activities. After adjustments, an increasing trend in the prevalence of overweight and physical inactivity with increasing time spent on screen activities was observed for both sexes. Screen times of >4 hours/day compared with <2 hours/day were associated with physical inactivity, low consumption of vegetables and high consumption of sweets only in girls and the consumption of soft drinks in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of overweight and physical inactivity increased with increasing screen time in a trending manner and independently of the main confounders. The relationship between high screen time and poor eating habits was particularly relevant for adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Selma Maffei De Andrade
- b Department of Public Health , Universidade Estadual de Londrina , Londrina , Parana , Brazil
| | - Arthur Eumann Mesas
- b Department of Public Health , Universidade Estadual de Londrina , Londrina , Parana , Brazil
| | - Rômulo Araújo Fernandes
- a Department of Physical Education , UNESP Universidade Estadual Paulista , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - José Cazuza Farias Júnior
- c Department of Physical Education , Universidade Federal da Paraíba , João Pessoa , Paraíba , Brazil
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Decelis A, Jago R, Fox KR. Physical activity, screen time and obesity status in a nationally representative sample of Maltese youth with international comparisons. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:664. [PMID: 24973912 PMCID: PMC4091762 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is some evidence that physical activity (PA), sedentary time and screen time (ST) are associated with childhood obesity, but research is inconclusive and studies are mainly based on self-reported data. The literature is dominated by data from North American countries and there is a shortage of objective data from Malta which has one of the highest prevalences of childhood obesity in the world. The aims of this study were to assess the PA levels and ST patterns of Maltese boys and girls and how they compared with children in other countries while also examining differences in PA and ST by weight status. Methods A nationally representative sample of 1126 Maltese boys and girls aged 10–11 years, of which 811 provided complete data. Physical activity was assessed using accelerometry, and ST by questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI) was computed from measured height and weight. Results Only 39% of boys and 10% of girls met the recommendation of one hour of daily MVPA. Comparison with international data indicated that mean MVPA (58.1 min for boys; 41.7 min for girls) was higher than in North America and Australia, but lower than in England. Girls were less active than boys at all measured times and spent less time in ST. A quarter of the children exceeded guidelines of two hours of TV on weekends, and double the amount on weekdays. Obese children were less active than normal weight children on weekdays and on weekends, reaching significance during the period after school, and they spent more time in ST than their normal weight counterparts. Conclusions A low percentage of Maltese 10–11 year olds, particularly girls, reached the recommended levels of daily MVPA and spent large amounts of time engaged in screen time. Obese children were less active than non-obese children. As children spend most of their waking time at school and that activity during this time is less than one third of the daily requirements, aiming to increase MVPA at school for all Maltese children is likely to be an important strategy to promote MVPA. Targeting less active and obese children is important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Decelis
- Institute for Physical Education and Sport, University Sports Complex, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta.
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