1
|
Xia Y, Shen S, Jia SW, Teng J, Gu Y, Fekete G, Korim T, Zhao H, Wei Q, Yang F. Gender differences in footwear characteristics between half and full marathons in China: a cross-sectional survey. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13020. [PMID: 37563273 PMCID: PMC10415251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39718-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
There are concerns about the risk of injuries caused by marathons in China. Since male and female runners have different injury risks, gender differences in running shoe functionality should be further complemented. A supervised questionnaire survey of 626 marathon runners was collected. The questionnaire was categorized into four sections: (1) participant profile, (2) importance of shoe properties, (3) functional evaluation of shoe properties and (4) importance ranking of shoe properties. The Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher's exact test of cross tabulation and Chi-square test, and two-way ANOVA were used to analyze the results of this survey. The significance level was set at P < 0.05. The full marathon participants were older than the half marathon participants. There was no gender difference in the importance of shoe features to elite runners. In addition, women are more concerned about upper elasticity and have higher requirements for running shoes than men. Women were more focused on injury prevention, while men were more focused on running performance. Heel cushioning was identified by all participants as the most important running shoe feature. There were no gender differences between elite players' demand for running shoes, but significant gender differences were found between genders at other running levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Xia
- School of Social Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Siqin Shen
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
- Savaria Institute of Technology, Eötvös Loránd University, Szombathely, Hungary
| | - Sheng-Wei Jia
- School of Social Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Li Ning Sports Science Research Center, Li Ning (China) Sports Goods Company Limited, Beijing, China.
| | - Jin Teng
- Department of Sports Biomechanics, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Gusztáv Fekete
- Savaria Institute of Technology, Eötvös Loránd University, Szombathely, Hungary
| | - Tamás Korim
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Haotian Zhao
- Department of Physical Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Physical Education, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Li Ning Sports Science Research Center, Li Ning (China) Sports Goods Company Limited, Beijing, China.
- Department of Physical Education and Research, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Play MC, Trama R, Millet GY, Hautier C, Giandolini M, Rossi J. Soft Tissue Vibrations in Running: A Narrative Review. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2022; 8:131. [PMID: 36273049 PMCID: PMC9588116 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-022-00524-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
During running, the human body is subjected to impacts generating repetitive soft tissue vibrations (STV). They have been frequently discussed to be harmful for the musculoskeletal system and may alter running gait. The aims of this narrative review were to: (1) provide a comprehensive overview of the literature on STV during running, especially why and how STV occurs; (2) present the various approaches and output parameters used for quantifying STV with their strengths and limitations; (3) summarise the factors that affect STV. A wide set of parameters are employed in the literature to characterise STV. Amplitude of STV used to quantify the mechanical stress should be completed by time-frequency approaches to better characterise neuromuscular adaptations. Regarding sports gear, compression apparels seem to be effective in reducing STV. In contrast, the effects of footwear are heterogeneous and responses to footwear interventions are highly individual. The creation of functional groups has recently been suggested as a promising way to better adapt the characteristics of the shoes to the runners' anthropometrics. Finally, fatigue was found to increase vibration amplitude but should be investigated for prolonged running exercises and completed by an evaluation of neuromuscular fatigue. Future research needs to examine the individual responses, particularly in fatigued conditions, in order to better characterise neuromuscular adaptations to STV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Caroline Play
- grid.25697.3f0000 0001 2172 4233Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, EA 7424, 42023 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Robin Trama
- grid.25697.3f0000 0001 2172 4233Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon I, Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, EA 7424, 69622 Lyon, France
| | - Guillaume Y. Millet
- grid.25697.3f0000 0001 2172 4233Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, EA 7424, 42023 Saint-Étienne, France ,grid.440891.00000 0001 1931 4817Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Christophe Hautier
- grid.25697.3f0000 0001 2172 4233Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon I, Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, EA 7424, 69622 Lyon, France
| | - Marlène Giandolini
- grid.471277.0Amer Sports Footwear Innovation and Sport Sciences Lab, Salomon SAS, Annecy, France
| | - Jérémy Rossi
- grid.25697.3f0000 0001 2172 4233Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, EA 7424, 42023 Saint-Étienne, France ,grid.488492.bLIBM, Campus Santé Innovations, 10 chemin de la Marandière, 42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ramsey CA, Lamb P, Ribeiro DC. Factors Influencing Runner's Choices of Footwear. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:829514. [PMID: 35434615 PMCID: PMC9008269 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.829514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Until the mid-2000s, qualitative research has been virtually absent from running injury research. A handful of studies have been recently published regarding the attitudes and perceptions of runners and coaches toward injury development. Footwear is frequently perceived as a risk factor for running related injuries, but empeirical evidence fails to support such beliefs. The reasons why runners choose specific footwear warrants formal investigation to further understand the links between footwear and running related injuries. This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing runners choices of footwear. Interviews were conducted with 12 runners. Recordings from the interviews were transcribed verbatim and themes were developed using thematic analysis. Findings revealed 15 unique factors that influence runner's choices of footwear for running. These factors were grouped into three main themes: personal footwear characteristic preferences, other people and economic considerations. Runners largely gather information about their footwear choices from past experiences and people they trust and admire. They also emphasized the complexity of footwear choices due to availability and the constant changes preset within the footwear industry. This research adds to the growing body of knowledge to better understand the wider running injury system. Further studies are needed to establish how runners perceptions of their footwear impact injury rates and to develop effective injury prevention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Codi A. Ramsey
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, Otago Polytechnic, Dunedin, New Zealand
- *Correspondence: Codi A. Ramsey
| | - Peter Lamb
- School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Centre for Health, Activity and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Cury Ribeiro
- School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Centre for Health, Activity and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Preto LT, Scarpatto CH, Ley LLG, Silveira C, Salerno MR, Moreno JP, Castro SMDJ, Booij L, Mattiello R. Validation of the Family Health Behavior Scale for the Brazilian population. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2022; 98:84-91. [PMID: 33965407 PMCID: PMC9432311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To validate the Family Health Behavior Scale (FHBS) for Brazilian families. METHODS The sample included 272 children aged 5 to 12 years old. Caregivers and their healthy answered the FHBS and questions about physical activity. In addition, anthropometric measurements of the children's weight and height were performed, as well as the bioimpedance exam. The scale was translated and the following validities were assessed: content (qualitative analysis and content validity index), construct (factor analysis) and concurrent validity (difference between domains and the total score with the categories of BMI, fat percentage and physical activity). Reliability (Cronbach's alpha, ceiling-floor effect, two-half test, intraclass correlation and Bland - Altman) was also assessed. RESULTS FHBS instrument performed well with regard to the psychometric properties in the Brazilian population. The content validity index was 0.987. Fit indices of the factor analysis were considered satisfactory, according to Bartlett's sphericity test (χ 2 = 1927, df = 351; p < 0.001) and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin index (KMO = 0.789). Concurrent validity, the differences between the mean of the domains and the total score between the categories of BMI (p = 0.011), percentage of fat (0.004) and physical activity (p < 0.001) were all significant. The reliability results were Cronbach's alpha internal consistency = 0.83, adequate ceiling-floor effect, 0.8105 (0.09 SD) two-half test, 0.626 intraclass correlation (95% CI: 0.406 to 0.777) and Bland - Altman -0.840 (-22.76 to 21.07). CONCLUSION The FHBS adapted for the Brazilian population showed evidence of adequate psychometric performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Tweedie Preto
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-graduação em Pediatria e Saúde da Criança, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila H Scarpatto
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-graduação em Pediatria e Saúde da Criança, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Laura Lessa Gaudie Ley
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-graduação em Pediatria e Saúde da Criança, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carolina Silveira
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-graduação em Pediatria e Saúde da Criança, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Nutrição, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Margareth Rodrigues Salerno
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Escola de Medicina, Núcleo de Formação em Pediatria e Saúde da Família, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jennette Palcic Moreno
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics-Nutrition, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Linda Booij
- University of Montreal, Concordia University & CHU Sainte-Justine, Department of Psychology, Montreal, Canada
| | - Rita Mattiello
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-graduação em Pediatria e Saúde da Criança, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Menz HB, Bonanno DR. Footwear comfort: a systematic search and narrative synthesis of the literature. J Foot Ankle Res 2021; 14:63. [PMID: 34876192 PMCID: PMC8650278 DOI: 10.1186/s13047-021-00500-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide a narrative synthesis of the research literature pertaining to footwear comfort, including definitions, measurement scales, footwear design features, and physiological and psychological factors. METHODS A systematic search was conducted which yielded 101 manuscripts. The most relevant manuscripts were selected based on the predetermined subheadings of the review (definitions, measurement scales, footwear design features, and physiological and psychological factors). A narrative synthesis of the findings of the included studies was undertaken. RESULTS The available evidence is highly fragmented and incorporates a wide range of study designs, participants, and assessment approaches, making it challenging to draw strong conclusions or implications for clinical practice. However, it can be broadly concluded that (i) simple visual analog scales may provide a reliable overall assessment of comfort, (ii) well-fitted, lightweight shoes with soft midsoles and curved rocker-soles are generally perceived to be most comfortable, and (iii) the influence of sole flexibility, shoe microclimate and insoles is less clear and likely to be more specific to the population, setting and task being performed. CONCLUSION Footwear comfort is a complex and multifaceted concept that is influenced not only by structural and functional aspects of shoe design, but also task requirements and anatomical and physiological differences between individuals. Further research is required to delineate the contribution of specific shoe features more clearly, and to better understand the interaction between footwear features and individual physiological attributes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hylton B Menz
- Discipline of Podiatry, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
| | - Daniel R Bonanno
- Discipline of Podiatry, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Agresta CE, Peacock J, Guadagnino S, Carmichael A, Gonzalez R. The test-retest reliability of ride perception during treadmill and outdoor running. FOOTWEAR SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2021.1994021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jillian Peacock
- Biosocial Methods Collaborative, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sam Guadagnino
- Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alicia Carmichael
- Biosocial Methods Collaborative, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Richard Gonzalez
- Biosocial Methods Collaborative, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Matthias EC, Banwell HA, Arnold JB. Methods for assessing footwear comfort: a systematic review. FOOTWEAR SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2021.1961879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elsa C. Matthias
- Allied Health & Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Helen A. Banwell
- Allied Health & Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - John B. Arnold
- Allied Health & Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Price C, Skidmore S, Ratcliffe J, Williams A. Children should be seen and also heard: an explorative qualitative study into the influences on children's choice of footwear, their perception of comfort and the language they use to describe footwear experiences. J Foot Ankle Res 2021; 14:49. [PMID: 34271970 PMCID: PMC8285802 DOI: 10.1186/s13047-021-00487-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Footwear has an essential role including protection of the feet, overall performance, foot health and potentially, supporting normal development of the foot. In addition to these physical aspects which may influence choice of footwear design, there are psychological influences on what a person chooses to wear. The concept of footwear 'comfort' spans physical and psychological perceptions of comfort in adults. However, there is little understanding of what influences children's footwear choices, how children perceive footwear comfort, or the language used to describe footwear experiences. Therefore, this study aimed to explore these three parameters as the first step to informing the development of a scale to measure footwear comfort in children. METHODS A pragmatic qualitative design with thematic analysis as an analytical approach was implemented. Passive observation and short interviews were carried out with 23 children (aged 1-12 years) at a footwear manufactures headquarters and store. Prompts included shoes being tried on and field-notes were taken relating to verbal and non-verbal communication. Field notes were coded then themes were identified, reviewed and named. RESULTS Overall, the children equated comfort to softness. However, influences on footwear choice were multidimensional including aesthetics, psychosocial influences, identified 'comfort' and 'discomfort' areas, practical issues and predictive concerns; all interacting with the age of the child. CONCLUSIONS For children, footwear comfort is a complex phenomenon having physical, cognitive, social and emotional developmental components. This can be seen in how the children perceive the 'feel' of the shoe and how the shoe is assessed in the context of how the shoe meets the child's physical and psychosocial developmental needs. In younger children footwear preference is related to idiosyncratic tastes in aesthetics, physical ability and comfort. As children age, societal influences begin to expand the social function of footwear denoting group membership, to include themes that transcend the functional and social function of footwear. The knowledge from this study can inform the development of age group specific tools to evaluate comfort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Price
- University of Salford School of Health and Society, Brian Blatchford Building, Frederick Road Campus, Greater Manchester, M6 6PU, Salford, England.
| | - Sue Skidmore
- University of Salford School of Health and Society, Brian Blatchford Building, Frederick Road Campus, Greater Manchester, M6 6PU, Salford, England
| | - Jane Ratcliffe
- University of Salford School of Health and Society, Brian Blatchford Building, Frederick Road Campus, Greater Manchester, M6 6PU, Salford, England
| | - Anita Williams
- University of Salford School of Health and Society, Brian Blatchford Building, Frederick Road Campus, Greater Manchester, M6 6PU, Salford, England
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Janson D, Newman ST, Dhokia V. Safety footwear: A survey of end-users. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2021; 92:103333. [PMID: 33359927 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the results of an extensive survey concerning the experience of safety footwear end-users. Safety footwear has been in widespread use across many industries worldwide since the 1970s, and has become an essential part of industrial Personal Protective Equipment. The number of women entering predominantly male industrial environments, and requiring safety footwear is rising, and this is accompanied by anecdotal reports of ill-fitting and uncomfortable footwear. This research proactively compares the opinions of women and men regarding their experience of safety footwear. A systematically designed survey aims to substantiate previously anecdotal knowledge around safety footwear, including key drivers for end-user purchases, wear habits and comfort issues (establishing any differences between women and men). Chi-squared testing was used to assess statistical significance and ensure robustness of findings. The responses and resulting analysis confirmed that comfort and fit were key drivers for all end users; women and men have different wear habits (women wear their safety footwear less frequently and for shorter periods of time than men - likely due to the reported comfort issues); a significant proportion of women (60%) found their safety footwear less comfortable than their regular footwear, however, 45% of men also reported the same, which has not been reported anecdotally. In general, the users of safety footwear accepted a level of discomfort in at least one area of the foot before deeming footwear 'uncomfortable'. The significant analysis performed on the captured data has, to the authors knowledge, never before been undertaken for this breadth of industry, age and gender with 632 responses received. This makes it the largest study of this field to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Janson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom.
| | - S T Newman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - V Dhokia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bishop C, Buckley JD, Esterman AE, Arnold JB. The running shoe comfort assessment tool (RUN-CAT): Development and evaluation of a new multi-item assessment tool for evaluating the comfort of running footwear. J Sports Sci 2020; 38:2100-2107. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1773613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Bishop
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition & Activity (ARENA), Allied Health & Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- The Biomechanics Lab, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jonathan D. Buckley
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition & Activity (ARENA), Allied Health & Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Adrian E. Esterman
- Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - John B. Arnold
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition & Activity (ARENA), Allied Health & Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schwameder H. Reliability of comfort assessment of running shoes depends on the interaction between assessment scale and rater. FOOTWEAR SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2019.1606323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hermann Schwameder
- Sport and Exercise Science, Universitat Salzburg, Hallein, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lindorfer J, Kröll J, Schwameder H. Does enhanced footwear comfort affect oxygen consumption and running biomechanics? Eur J Sport Sci 2019; 20:468-476. [PMID: 31282808 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2019.1640288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Comfort as an essential parameter for running footwear is gaining importance in footwear research and development, and has also been proposed to decrease injury rate and improve metabolic demand in the paradigm of the comfort filter. The aims of this study were to determine differences in oxygen consumption and biomechanical variables associated with lower extremity injuries in response to running shoes of differing comfort. Fifteen male runners attended two testing sessions including an incremental lactate threshold test, a comfort assessment and treadmill running trials for the biomechanical and physiological measurements. Statistical analyses were performed on oxygen consumption, spatio-temporal variables including foot-ground angle and coupling angle variability of 12 couplings in five stride phases. No decrease in oxygen consumption was found in the most preferred shoe condition. Investigation of potential biomechanical contributors to changes in metabolic demands revealed differences in the stride rate between the most and least preferred condition. In coupling angle variability analyses, only one coupling (ankle dorsiflexion/plantarflexion to knee varus/valgus) yielded a significant difference between conditions in the phase including the touch down. Based on the findings of this study, previous suggestions regarding positive effects of enhanced footwear comfort during running cannot be supported - neither on economy nor on injury prevention perspective. However, a prospective study of lower extremity injury combined with measurements of biomechanical and physiological variables seems to be required for a definite support or contradiction of the comfort filter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Lindorfer
- Department of Sports and Exercise Science, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Josef Kröll
- Department of Sports and Exercise Science, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Hermann Schwameder
- Department of Sports and Exercise Science, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Horvais N, Samozino P, Chiementin X, Morin JB, Giandolini M. Cushioning perception is associated with both tibia acceleration peak and vibration magnitude in heel-toe running. FOOTWEAR SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2018.1555863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Horvais
- Amer Sports Footwear Innovation and Sport Sciences Lab, Salomon SAS, Annecy, France
| | - Pierre Samozino
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Chambéry, France
| | - Xavier Chiementin
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Research Group in Engineer’s Sciences, University of Reims Champagne-Ardennes, Reims, France
| | - Jean-Benoit Morin
- Laboratory of Human Motricity, Education Sport and Health (LAMHESS), Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Marlene Giandolini
- Amer Sports Footwear Innovation and Sport Sciences Lab, Salomon SAS, Annecy, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lindorfer J, Kröll J, Schwameder H. Comfort assessment of running footwear: Does assessment type affect inter-session reliability? Eur J Sport Sci 2018; 19:177-185. [PMID: 30044208 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1502358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Assessing comfort of running footwear reliably is challenging. The purpose of this study was to compare the intra-rater reliability between different assessment types, to calculate intra-individual reliability scores and to evaluate the effect of rater selection based on individual reliability scores on group level reliability. Three assessment types: ranking, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and Likert Scale (LS) were provided twice in six separate sessions among 30 participants, who assessed comfort of five shoes after treadmill running. Spearman's rho provided an evaluation of inter-session relative reliability and typical error as a measure of absolute reliability for each assessment type. Ranking (r = 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61-0.78) yielded the highest relative reliability for overall comfort, followed by VAS (r = 0.67, 95% CI 0.56-0.75) and LS (r = 0.63, 95% CI 0.52-0.72), with large-scale overlaps of CIs between assessment types. The same order of assessment types was found for the percentage of reliable raters (r ≥ 0.7) with 60% in ranking scale, 47% in VAS and 37% in LS. Forming subgroups corresponding to the intra-individual reliability substantially increased group level reliabilities. Based on measures of relative reliability, an extreme reduction in resolution as provided by the ranking from pairwise comparisons seems to be a valuable tool in footwear comfort assessments if assessment time is of minor importance. No preference can be provided for the two investigated rating scales. Besides the assessment type, a selection of the best raters in additional reliability checks seems to be a prerequisite for further comfort-related studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Lindorfer
- a Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology , University of Salzburg , Salzburg , Austria
| | - Josef Kröll
- a Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology , University of Salzburg , Salzburg , Austria
| | - Hermann Schwameder
- a Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology , University of Salzburg , Salzburg , Austria
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Meyer C, Mohr M, Falbriard M, Nigg SR, Nigg BM. Influence of footwear comfort on the variability of running kinematics. FOOTWEAR SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2017.1388296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Meyer
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Spinal Cord Injury Center, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maurice Mohr
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Mathieu Falbriard
- Laboratory of Movement Analysis and Measurement, School of Engineering, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sandro R. Nigg
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Benno M. Nigg
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| |
Collapse
|